L THUYT CNG THC Cng thc tnh s mol.

m M V0 (2) n = 22 ,4 (3) n = C M .V P.V PV n= = 22 ,4 (4) RT ( 273 + t ) 273 N (5) n = 6,02 .10 23

(1) n =

Cng thc tnh nng . (1) Nng phn trm. m C% = ct 100% m dd (2) Nng mol/l
CM = n Vd d

(3) Mi quan h gia C v CM

C M = C. 10 d M

Qui tc ng cho. i vi nng %.

m1 ddA C1 C m2 ddA C2 C1-C C-C2 m1 m2 = C - C2 C1- C

S in li i vi nng mol
V1 V2 ddA CM1 C ddA CM2 CM1 - CM CM - CM2 V1 V2 = CM - CM2 CM1 - CM

BNG TNH TAN TT Cht 1 Axit 2 Baz 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Mui clorua

C l

Tan Hu ht NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)2, Ba(OH)2 Hu ht Hu ht Tt c Mui ca kim loi kim v amoni Mui ca kim loi kim v amoni Mui ca kim loi kim v amoni Mui ca kim loi kim v amoni Tt c

Khng tan H2SiO3 Hu ht AgCl, PbCl2 BaSO4, PbSO4, CaSO4

Mui sunfat SO 2 4 Mui nitrat

N O
3

Mui sunfua Mui sunfit Mui cacbonat Mui photphat

Hu ht Hu ht Hu ht Hu ht

Mui ca kim loi kim v amoni S IN LY S in li l g? S in ly l qu trnh phn li thnh cc ion. Cht in ly l g? Nhng cht tan trong nc phn li ra ion c gi l nhng cht in li. Axit, baz v mui l nhng cht in li.
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S in li Cht in li Cation Anion + Axit H + gc axit Baz Ion dng kim loi + OH Mui Ion dng kim loi + Gc axit PHN LOI CC CHT IN LI in li in li ca cht in ly l t s gia s phn t phn li ra ion (n) v tng s phn t ho tan (n0).
= n C = n o C0

Cht in li mnh v cht in li yu Cht in li mnh. L cht in li mnh l cht khi tan trong nc, cc phn t ho tan u phn li ra ion. Cht in li mnh c = 1, l Cc axit mnh: , HNO3, H2SO4, HCl, HBr, HI, HClO3, HClO4 Cc baz mnh: NaOH, KOH, Ba(OH)2 Hu ht cc mui. Trong phng trnh in li dng mi tn mt chiu.
HCl H + + Cl H 2SO 4 2H + + SO 2 4 NaOH Na + + OH Ba ( OH ) 2 Ba 2+ + 2OH Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 2Al 3+ + 3SO 2 4
2 Na 2 CO 3 2 Na + + CO 3

Tng qut: A x B y xA + yB Vi n l s in tch ca A, m l s in tch ca B. Cht in li yu Cht in li yu l cht khi tan trong nc ch c mt phn s phn t ho tan phn li ra ion, phn cn li vn tn ti di dng phn t trong dung dch. Cht in li yu c 0 < < 1
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n+

S in li Cht in ly yu thng l: Cc axit yu, nh: CH3COOH, HClO, H2S, HF, H2SO3, H2CO3 Cc baz yu: Bi(OH)2, Mg(OH)2 Trong phng trnh in li dng mi tn hai chiu. Phng trnh in li HNO2: HNO 2 H + + NO 2 Phng trnh in li H2S: H 2S H + + HS H H + + S2 S S in ly ca cht in ly yu l qu trnh thun nghch. Cn bng in li cng l cn bng ng V d: Xt cn bng: HNO 2 H + + NO 2 + Nu tng nng H th cn bng chuyn dch theo chiu nghch. Khi pha long dung dch, in li ca cc cht u tng. AXIT, BAZ V MUI 1. nh ngha theo thuyt A-r-ni-ut - Axit l nhng cht khi tan trong nc phn li ra cation H+ - Baz l nhng cht khi tan trong nc cho ra anion OH-. - Hidroxit lng tnh l nhng hidroxit khi tan trong nc c th phn li nh axit, va c th phn li nh baz. 2. nh ngha theo thuyt Bron-stt. a. Axit l nhng cht nhng proton (H+) - Nu M(OH)n l baz yu th Mn+ l axit: NH + , Al 3+ , Fe 3+ 4 - HSO4 l axit ch khng phi lng tnh. - Cc oxit axit: CO2, SO3, SO2 b. Baz l nhng cht nhn proton (H+) - Nu HnA l axit yu th An- l mt baz:
2 C 3 , S 2, SO 3 , C 3 , PO 3 O2 O2 4

- Cc oxit hay hidroxit baz u l baz. Cht lng tnh l cht va c kh nng cho va c kh nng nhn H+. Cc hidroxit lng tnh: Al(OH)3, Zn(OH)2 Mui axit ca axit yu: HCO3-, HS- H2PO3-
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S in li Mt s cht khc nh: H2O (NH4)2CO3, ure u l cht lng tnh. Cht trung tnh l cht, khng c kh nng cho nhn H+ Gc axit ca axit mnh u l trung tnh, Ion kim loi ca baz mnh u l cht trung tnh. Hng s phn li axit v baz Hng s phn ly axit. V d: CH3COOH CH3COO- + H+ c K a = Hng s phn li baz
+ V d: NH3 + H2O NH 4 + OH- c K b =

[H ][CH COO ]
+ -

[ CH 3CO OH ]
+ 4 -

[ NH ][OH ]
[ NH 3 ]

Cng thc tnh gn ng: i vi axit yu: K H+ H+ = KaC = = a C C i vi baz yu: [ O H ] = K b [ O H ] = K bC = C C Mui nh ngha: Mui axit v mui trung ho: Mui axit l mui m gc axit cn hidro c kh nng tch ra H+ cn mui trung ho khng c H+ nh th. NaHCO3 l mui axit CH3COONa l mui trung ho. S phn li ca mui trong nc: i vi mui bnh thng: Fe 2 ( SO 4 ) 3 2Fe 3+ + 3SO 2 4 i vi mui axit:

[ ]

[ ]

NaHCO 3 Na + + HCO 3

H + CO 3 i vi mui kp:
HCO

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S in li i vi phc cht:
3 2

NaCl .KCl Na + + K + + 2Cl

+ 3 2

[ Ag( NH ) ]Cl [ Ag( NH ) ] [ Ag( NH 3 ) 2 ] + Ag + 2 NH

+

+ Cl

S PHN LY CA NC Nc l cht in li rt yu Tch s ion ca nc. 250C, [H+][OH-]= 1,0.10-14 ngha ca tch s ion ca nc. Mi trng trung tnh: [H+]= 10-7 Mi trng axit: [H+]>10-7 Mi trng baz: [H+]<10-7 pH Logarit lgN = x 10x = N lg10x = x lgM.N = lgM + lgN
lg M = lg M lg N N

Cng thc tnh pH

pH = lg H +

V d: Tnh pH ca dung dch HCl 10-3M HCl H+ + Cl[H+]= 10-3 M

pH = lg 10 3 = 3 pOH = lg OH

[ ]

Trong dung dch bt k 250C: pH + pOH = 14 Tnh pH ca dung dch NaOH 0,01M NaOH Na+ + OH[OH-]=10-2 M pOH = lg 10 = 2 pH = 14 2 = 12
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[ ]
2

S in li CHT CH TH AXIT BAZ Qu : pH 6 Tm 6 < pH < 8 Xanh pH 8 Phenolphtalein Khng mu: pH < 8,3 Hng: pH 8,3 PHN NG TRAO I ION TRONG DUNG DCH CHT IN LI iu kin xy ra phn ng trao i ion trong dung dch. Phn ng to thnh cht kt ta. Cho dung dch AgNO3 vo dung dch HCl

A O gN A g A g
+ +

+H l g l C AC
_ 3

+ N H O

+N O +C l

+H +C l

g l AC

+ H +N O

gC A l

Cho dung dch BaCl2 vo dung dch Na2CO3

BaCl 2 + Na 2CO 3 BaCO 3 +2 NaCl
2 Ba 2 + + 2Cl + 2 Na + + CO 3 BaCO 3 +2 Na + + 2Cl 2 Ba 2 + + CO 3 BaCO 3

Cho dung dch FeCl3 vo dung dch NaOH

FeCl 3 + 3NaOH Fe(OH) Fe 3 + + 3OH Fe ( OH ) 3
3

+3NaCl

Fe 3 + + 3Na + + 3OH _ Fe (OH )3 +3Na + + 3Cl

Phn ng to thnh cht in li yu Cho dung dch HCl vo dung dch NaOH
HCl + Na OH NaCl + H 2O H + + OH _ H 2O
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H + + Cl + Na + + OH Na + + Cl + H 2O

S in li Cho dung dch Na2HPO4 vo dung dch HCl

Na 2 HPO 4 + 2HCl 2 NaCl + H 3 PO 4 2 Na + + HPO 2 + 2H + + 2Cl 2 Na + + 2Cl + H 3PO 4 4 2H + + HPO 2 H 3PO 4 4

Phn ng to thnh cht kh. Cho dung dch Na2CO3 vo dung dch H2SO4
Na 2CO 3 + H 2SO 4 Na 2SO 4 + CO 2 +H 2O
2 2 Na + + CO 3 + 2H + + SO 2 2 Na + + SO 2 + CO 2 +H 2O 4 4 2 CO 3 + 2H + CO 2 +H 2O

Phn ng thu phn ca mui Khi nim s thu phn ca mui: Phn ng trao i gia mui ho tan v nc l phn ng thu phn ca mui. Phn ng thu phn: V d: Vit phng trnh thu phn mui CH3COONa.
CH 3CO ONa CH 3CO O - + Na + CH 3 CO O - +HOH CH 3CO O _ + OH

OH- c gii phng, nn mi trng c pH > 7. V d 2. Vit phng trnh thu phn Al2(SO4)3 3+ 2 Al2(SO4)3 2Al + 3SO 4
2+

Al3+ + HOH Al ( OH ) +H + H+ gii phng nn mi trng c pH < 7. Mui to bi Mi trng Axit mnh Baz mnh Trung tnh Axit mnh Baz yu Axit Axit yu Baz mnh Kim MT S DNG TON Dng ton phn ng trung ho: Phn ng gia dung dch axit v dung dch baz. Phng trnh ion thu gn: H+ + OH- H2O Trung ho: n H = n OH
+

pH pH = 7 pH < 7 pH > 7

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S in li Tng khi lng mui bng tng khi lng cc ion. Dng ton bng T CO2 tc dng vi dung dch kim
OHCO2
1 2

SO2 tc dng vi dung dch kim: H2S tc dng vi dung dch kim H3PO4 tc dng vi dung dch kim Dng ton th CO2 tc dng vi dung dch Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 Ca(OH)2: a mol CaCO3: CO2 x mol x mol 0 x

HCO3 CO32HCO3 HCO3CO32OHCO2 CO 2 3

2a-x mol

(2a-x) 2a

CO2

Dung dch kim tc dng vi mui km.

Zn2+ : a mol Zn(OH) 2 OH x mol 2x 4a-2x mol mol 2x 4a-2x nOH n Zn(OH)2

Dung dch kim tc dng vi mui nhm:

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S in li

nAl(OH) 3 a x 0 A B

3x

3a

4a-x 4a nOH -

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S in li 1. 2. BI TP TRC NGHIM Cht no sau y khng dn in c: A. KCl rn, khan. B. KOH nng chy. C. MgCl2 nng chy. D. HI trong dung dch nc. Cht no di y khng phn ly ra ion khi ho tan trong nc ? A. MgCl2, B. HClO3, C. C6H12O6 (glucoz), D. Ba(OH)2. Dung dch cht no sau y khng dn in c ? A. HCl trong benzen B. Ca(OH)2 trong nc C. CH3COONa trong nc D. NaHSO4 trong nc. Cht in ly yu c in ly: A. = 0 B. = 1 C. 0 < < 1 D. < 0 i vi dung dch axit yu HNO2 0,10M, nu b qua s in li ca nc th nh gi no sau y l ng: A. pH > 1,0 B. pH = 1,0 C. pH = 0,1 D. pH < 1,0 Khi pha long, in li ca CH3COOH: A. tng B. gim C. khng i D. c th tng, c th gim. Dung dch HNO2 0,10M (Ka = 4,0.10-4) c [H+] bng: A. 6,3.10-3 M B. 6,3.10-4 M -5 C. 4,0. 10 M D. 4,0.10-3 M Dung dch cht no di y c mi trng kim? A. AgNO3 B. NaClO3 C. K2CO3 D. SnCl2 Dung dch cht no di y c mi trng axit ? A. NaNO3 B. KClO4 C. Na3PO4 D. NH4Cl + Nng H ca dung dch CH3COONa 0,10M (Kb ca CH3COO- 5,71.10-10) A. 5,71.10-10 M B. 1,32.10-9M C. 7,56.10-6M D. 5,71.10-9 M
11

3. 4.

5.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

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S in li 11. Nng H+ trong dung dch NH4Cl 0,10M (Ka ca NH + 4 l 5,56.10-10) A. 5,56.10-10 M B. 7,46.10-10 M C. 7,46.10-6 M D. 5,56.10-6 M Dung dch cht no cho di y c pH = 7 ? A. SnCl2 B. NaF C. Cu(NO3)2 D. KBr Dung dch cht no cho i y c pH < 7 ? A. KI B.KNO3 C.FeBr2 D. NaNO2 Dung dch cht no cho i y c pH > 7 ? A. KI B. KNO3 C. FeBr2 D. NaNO2 Trong s cc cht sau, cht no khng phi l cht in li A. NaHCO3 B. H2SO4 C. KOH D. C2H5OH Trn ln cc dung dch sau, trng hp no khng xy ra phn ng: A. BaCl2 + H2SO4 B. AgNO3 + NaBr D. FeCl2 + Na2CO3 D. K2SO4 + MgCl2 Dy cc ion sau cng tn ti trong mt dung dch l A. NH4+, Ba2+, NO3-, PO43B. Na+, Mg2+, CH3COO-, SO42C. Ca2+, K+, Cl-, CO32D. Ag+, Na+, NO3-, BrMui no cho di y l mui axit ? A. Na2HPO3 B. CH3COONa C. NH4Cl D. Na2HPO4 Dy no cho di y, cc cht khng c xp theo trt t tng dn tnh axit theo chiu t tri sang phi ? A. HClO, HClO2, HClO3, HClO4 B. H2CO3, CH3COOH, HCOOH
12

12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

17.

18. 19.

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S in li C. H3PO4, H2SO4, HClO4 D. HI, HBr, HCl, HF. 20. Dung dch H2SO4 10-3M c pH bng: A. 2,7 B. 3,0 C. 12,0 D. 2,4 21. Trong s cc ion sau, ion l l baz theo thuyt proton. (1) 2 2 a + CO 3 , (2) NH + , (3) H CO O - , (4) N , (5) SO 4 4 A. (1), (2) B. (2), (3) C. (1), (3) D. (4), (5) 22. Dung dch X cha cc anion 2 SO 2, SO 3 , S2, H PO 2, C 3 v mt cation: O2 4 4 A. Mg2+ B. Na+ C. Al3+ D. Fe3+ 23. Dung dch Ca(OH)2 0,02M c pH bng: A. 1,4 B. 12,6 C. 12,4 D. 12,3 + 24. H + OH H2O l phng trnh ion thu gn ca phn ng gia: A. CuO + HCl B. BaCl2 + H2SO4 C. Fe(OH)3 + HNO3 D. H2SO4 + KOH 25. Trng hp no khng xy ra phn ng: A. NaOH + NaHCO3 B. Ca(OH)2 + NaHCO3 C. Fe3O4 + HCl D. AgNO3 + HF 26. Dung dch HCl tc dng c vi: A. CuS B. NaNO3 C. FeS D. AlCl3 27. Dung dch c pH bng 7: A. Na2SO4 B. Na2CO3 C. AlCl3 D. NaHCO3 28. Ho tan 0,05 mol Na kim loi vo 100 ml dung dch HCl x mol/l thu c dung dch Y. Trung ha dung dch Y cn 10 ml dung dch H2SO4 1M. Gi tr x l: A. 0,03 B. 0,3 C. 0,5 D. 0,7
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S in li 29. Ho tan m gam dung dch NaOH 20% vo 200 gam dung dch NaOH 5% c dung dch NaOH 10%. Gi tr ca m l: A. 100 gam B. 200 gam C. 300 gam D. 300 gam + Cho bit nng mol/l ca H c trong dung dch HNO3 10% (d = 1,054 g /ml) A. 1,67 M B. 1,23 M C. 2 M D. 3 M Ha tan hon ton m gam hn hp Na-Ba trong nc thu c dung dch X v 4,48 lt kh H2 (ktc). trung ha dung dch X cn bao nhiu ml dung dch H2SO4 0,5M A. 100 B. 200 C. 300 D. 400 3+ Dung dch X cha cc ion Fe (0,01 mol), Mg2+ (0,02 mol), SO 2 (0,01 mol) v NO 3 (x mol). Khi c cn dung 4 dch X c y gam mui khan. Gi tr x, y ln lt l: A. 0,05 mol, 5,1 gam B. 0,04 mol, 4,48 gam C. 0,03 mol, 3,86 gam D. 0,05 mol, 3,24 gam Cn cho vo cc A cha 200 gam dung dch HCl 7,3% bao nhiu gam CaCO3 cc A tng ln 30 gam A. 38,8 gam B. 30 gam C. 42,2 gam D. 35,6 gam Dng ho cht no sau y phn bit 3 cht rn:NaOH, Ca(OH)2, Al(OH)3 A. Dng nc, dung dch HCl B. Dng nc v kh CO2 C. Dng kh CO2, dung dch HCl D. Dng qu tm v kh CO2 Cho V lt kh CO2 (ktc) vo 250 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 2M c 39,4 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca V l A. 0,2 hoc 0,8 B. 0,2 hoc 0,6 C. 0,2 hoc 0,4 D. 0,4 hoc 0,6

30.

31.

32.

33.

34.

35.

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S in li
C u S O C u C2l C u( N O3 ) 2 , Dung dch X, Y 36. ln 4 lt l: A. HCl, HNO3 B. NaCl, AgNO3 C. BaCl2, AgNO3 D. BaCl2, HNO3 37. Cho 5,6 lt kh CO2 (ktc) vo 200 ml dung dch NaOH 2M c dung dch X. Cho dung dch CaCl2 d vo dung dch X. Khi lng kt ta to thnh: A. 15 gam B. 25 gam C. 20 gam D. 27 gam 38. Tnh th tch CO2 (ktc) vo 2 lt dung dch Ca(OH)2 0,02M c khi lng kt ta cc i A. 0,896 lt B. 0,224 lt C. 0,448 lt D. 1,792 lt 39. Cho cc cp cht sau: (1) Na2CO3 + BaCl2 (2) (NH4)2CO3 + Ba(NO3)2 (3) Ba(HCO3)2 + K2CO3 (4) BaCl2 + MgCO3 Nhng cp cht khi phn ng c cng phng trnh ion thu gn l: A. (1) v (2) B. (1) v (3) C. (1), (2) v (3) D. (1), (2), (3) v (4) 40. Dy cc cht u phn ng c vi dung dch Ca(OH)2 A. CH3COOH, KHCO3, Ba(HCO3)2 B. Ca(HCO3)2, NaHCO3, CH3COONa C. KHCO3, KCl, NH4NO3 D. (NH4)2CO3, CaCO3, NaHCO3 41. Cho 0,3 mol Ba(OH)2 vo 200 ml dung dch hn hp (NH4)2SO4 0,4M v Fe2(SO4)3 0,2M. Tng s mol kt ta thu c l A. 0,28 B. 0,20 C. 0,38 D. 0,30 42. Sc t t 0,5 mol CO2 vo dung dch cha 0,4 mol Ca(OH)2. Khi lng kt ta thu c l A. 30 gam B. 40 gam C. 50 gam D. 20 gam
X Y

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S in li 43. Cho rt t t 0,3 mol HCl vo dung dch hn hp gm 0,2 mol Na2CO3 v 0,2 mol NaHCO3. S mol CO2 thu c bng A. 0,15 B. 0,25 C. 0,10 D. 0,30 Cho 0,1 mol H3PO4 tc dng vi 0,26 mol NaOH. Tng khi lng mui to thnh l: A. 15,52 g B. 28,06 g C. 24,06 g D. 9,8 gam Cho 50 gam CaCO3 tc dng va vi dung dch HCl 14,63%. Tnh nng % ca CaCl2 c trong dung dch thu c. A. 20% B. 21% C. 22% D. 23%. Hp cht X cho ngn la mu vng. Dung dch X tc dng c vi FeCl3. X to kt ta vi dung dch BaCl2. X l A. K2CO3 B. NaOH C. Na2SO4 D. Na2CO3 2 Dung dch X c cha 0,07 mol Na+, 0,02 mol SO 4 v x mol OH-. Dung dch Y c cha y mol H+ v tng s mol ca ClO 4 va NO 3 l 0,04. Trn X v Y c 100 ml dung dch Z. pH ca dung dch Z bng A. 2 B. 12 C. 1 D. 13 Trn ln dung dch X cha 0,15 mol NaHCO3 0,05 mol Na2CO3 vo dung dch Y cha 0,08 mol Ba(OH)2 v 0,1 mol BaCl2. S mol kt ta l. A. 0,18 mol B. 0,20 mol C. 0,05 mol D. 0,08 mol 2+ Xt phng trnh: S + 2H H2S y l phng trnh ion thu gn ca phn ng: A. FeS + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2S B. 2NaHSO4 + Na2S 2Na2SO4 + H2S C. 2CH3COOH+K2S2CH3COOK+H2S
16

44.

45.

46.

47.

48.

49.

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S in li 50. C. BaS + H2SO4 BaSO4 + H2S Cho 0,1 mol NaOH vo dung dch c cha 0,05 mol BaCl2 v 0,07 mol Ba(HCO3)2. Khi lng kt ta to thnh l: A. 19,7 gam B. 23,64 gam C. 9,85 gam D. 13,79 gam ha tan hon ton 2,32 gam hn hp gm FeO, Fe3O4 v Fe2O3 (trong s mol FeO bng s mol Fe2O3), cn dng va V lt dung dch HCl 1M. Gi tr ca V l A. 0,23. B. 0,18. C. 0,08. D. 0,16. T hai mui X v Y thc hin cc phn ng sau : t0 X X1 + CO2 X1 + H2O X2 X2 + Y X + Y1 + H2O X2 + 2Y X + Y2 + 2H2O Hai mui X, Y tng ng l A. CaCO3, NaHSO4. B. BaCO3, Na2CO3. C. CaCO3, NaHCO3. D. MgCO3, NaHCO3. Cho V lt dung dch NaOH 2M vo dung dch cha 0,1 mol Al2(SO4)3 v 0,1 mol H2SO4 n khi phn ng hon ton, thu c 7,8 gam kt ta. Gi tr ln nht ca V thu c lng kt ta trn l: A. 0,45. B. 0,35. C. 0,25. D. 0,05. Ha tan hon ton 0,3mol hn hp gm Al v Al4C3 vo dung dch KOH (d), thu c a mol hn hp kh v dung dch X. Sc kh CO2 (d) vo dung dch X, lng kt ta thu c l 46,8 gam. Gi tr ca a l: A. 0,55. B. 0,60. C. 0,40. D. 0,45.

51.

52.

53.

54.

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S in li 55. Hp th hon ton 4,48 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) vo 500 ml dung dch hn hp gm NaOH 0,1M v Ba(OH)2 0,2M, sinh ra m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l: A. 19,70. B. 17,73. C. 9,85. D. 11,82. Trn ln V ml dung dch NaOH 0,01M vi V ml dung dch HCl 0,03M c 2V ml dung dch Y. Dung dch Y c pH l: A. 4 B. 3 C. 2 D. 1 Cho hn hp gm Na v Al c t l s mol tng ng l 1 : 2 vo nc (d). Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 8,96 lt kh H2 ( ktc) v m gam cht rn khng tan. Gi tr ca m l A. 10,8. B. 5,4. C. 7,8. D. 43,2. Dung dch A gm HCl 0,5M v H2SO4 1M. Dung dch B gm NaOH 1M v KOH 2M trung ho 500 ml dung dch B cn bao nhiu ml dung dch A. A. 0,5 L B. 1,5 L C. 1,0 L D. 2,0 L Cho 8,96 lt kh CO2 (ktc) vo 250 ml dung dch NaOH 2M c dung dch X. Cho X tc dng vi dung dch Ca(OH)2 d c a gam kt ta. Nu cho X tc dng vi dung dch CaCl2 d c b gam kt ta. Gi tr (a b) bng: A. 0 g B. 15 g C. 10 g D. 30 g Ho tan 17 gam hn hp X gm K v Na vo nc c dung dch Y v 6,72 lt kh H2 (ktc). trung ho mt na dung dch Y cn dung dch hn hp H2SO4 v HCl (t l mol 1:3). Khi lng mui khan thu c l: A. 20,65 g B. 34,20 gam
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56.

57.

58.

59.

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S in li C. 41,30 gam D. 20,83 gam 61. Cho 14,6 gam hn hp X gm Na v Al vo nc d c 11,2 lt kh H2 (ktc). Khi lng Al c trong X l: A. 8,85 gam B. 5,4 gam C. 5,4 gam hoc 8,85 gam D. 5,4 hoc 8,10 gam 62. Cho V lt kh CO2 (ktc) vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 c 3 gam kt ta, lc b kt ta un nng dung dch nc lc th c thm 1 gam kt ta na. Tm V. A. 0,672 lt B. 0,896 lt C. 0,784 lt D. 1,12 lt 63. Dung dch X cha cc ion sau: Al3+, Cu2+, SO 2 v 4 2 NO 3 . kt ta ht ion SO 4 c trong 250 mL dung dch X cn 50 mL dung dch BaCl2 1M. Cho 500 mL dung dch X tc dng vi dung dch NH3 d th c 7,8 gam kt ta. C cn 500 mL dung dch X c 37,3 gam hn hp mui khan. Nng mol/l NO 3 l: A. 0,2 M B. 0,3 M C. 0,4 M D. 0,6 M 64. Cho 0,55 mol hn hp X gm FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3 tc dng va vi dung dch HNO3 c dung dch B v 0,1 mol NO. Cho dung dch B tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d th c 1 mol Fe(OH)3. S mol ca Fe3O4 c trong X l: A. 0,10 B. 0,15 C. 0,20 D. 0,25 65. Dung dch CH3COOH 0,1M c in li = 1,34%. Gi tr pH ca dung dch ny bng : A. 0,9 B. 1,0 C. 2,9 D. 1,9 66. Phn ng no di y KHNG ng thi c hin tng to kt ta v si bt kh ? A. Ba + dung dch H2SO4 B. K + dung dch CuSO4 C. Zn + dung dch KOH D. dung dch AlCl3 + dung dch Na2CO3
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S in li 67. A l dung dch HCl v B l dung dch CH3COOH. A v B c cng nng mol v in ly ca axit axetic trong B bng 1%. Gi tr pH ca A v B tng ng l x v y. Quan h gia x v y l : A. y = 100x. B. x = y + 2. C. x = 100y. D. y = x + 2. Cho t t tng git V (L) dung dch HCl 0,1M vo dung dch K2CO3 thu c dung dch B v 0,56 L (ktc) kh CO2. Cho dung dch B tc dng vi dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thy to ra 1,5 gam kt ta. V bng : A. 800 ml B. 650 ml C. 500 ml D. 400 ml 100 mL dung dch hn hp X cha NaOH 1,5M v Ba(OH)2 2M c trung ha bi V (L) dung dch Y cha H2SO4 0,5M v HCl 1M. Sau phn ng thu c a gam kt ta. Gi tr ca V v a ln lt l : A. 0,2750 ; 32,0 B. 0,1375 ; 23,3 C. 0,1375 ; 16,0 D. 0,2750 ; 46,6 Cho dung dch G cha cc ion Mg2+, SO 2 ; NH + v Cl4 4 Chia dung dch G thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn th nht tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d, un nng, c 0,58 gam kt ta v 0,672 lt kh (ktc). Phnth hai tc dng vi dung dch BaCl2 d, c 4,66 gam kt ta. Khi lng ca cc cht tan trong dung dch G. A. 6,11 gam B. 3,055 gam C. 6 gam D. 3 gam Hn hp X cha K2O, NH4Cl, KHCO3 v BaCl2 c s mol bng nhau. Cho hn hp X vo nc (d), un nng, dung dch thu c cha A. KCl, KOH. B. KCl. C. KCl, KHCO3, BaCl2. D. KCl, KOH, BaCl2. Mt hn hp X c khi lng m gam gm Ba v Al. Cho m gam X tc dng vi nc d, thu c 8,96 lt kh H2.Cho m gam X tc dng vi dung dch Ba(OH)2 d thu
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S in li c 22,4 lt kh H2. (Cc phn ng u xy ra hon ton, cc th tch kh o iu kin tiu chun), m c gi tr l A. 29,9 gam. B. 27,2 gam. C. 16,8 gam. D. 24,6 gam. Cho V lt kh CO2 ( ktc) hp th hon ton vo 200 ml dung dch hn hp KOH 1M v Ba(OH)2 0,75M thu c 27,58 gam kt ta. Gi tr ln nht ca V l A. 6,272 lt. B. 8,064 lt. C. 8,512 lt. D. 2,688 lt. Trong mt cc ng ha cht l 200 mL dung dch AlCl3 2M. Rt vo cc 200 mL dung dch NaOH nng a (M) thu c mt kt ta. em kt ta sy kh, nung n khi lng khng i thu c 5,1 gam cht rn. Vy a bng: A. 1,5 M. B. 1,5 M hoc 3,0 M. C. 1,5 M hoc 7,5 M. D. 1,0 M hoc 1,5 M. Dung dch no trong cc dung dch sau y cng nhit phng c gi tr pH nh nht: A. Dung dch AlCl3 0,1M. B. Dung dch NaHSO4 0,1M. C. Dung dch NaAlO2 0,1M. D. Dung dch NH4HCO3 0,1M. Trong cc cht Al2S3, CaC2, CuS, Zn3P2 cht khng b thy phn khi cho vo nc l: A. Al2S3. B. CaC2. C. CuS. D. Zn3P2. Qu tm s thay i th no th hp l khi nhng vo dung dch sau: A. Cc dung dch Na2CO3, NaOH, NH3, CH3COONa : qu tm chuyn sang mu xanh. B. Cc dung dch NaCl, NaHSO4, KNO3, CH3COONa, K2S : qu tm khng i mu.

73.

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S in li C. Cc dung dch NaHCO3, NaHSO4, Na2SO4, CH3COONa : qu tm chuyn sang . D. Cc dung dch NaCl, NaNO3, NaAlO2, Na2SO4, CH3COONa : qu tm khng i mu. Tng s ht do s in ly s phn ly ca axit fomic c trong 10 mL dung dch axit fomic 0,3M, vi in ly 2% l : A. 18,42.1020. B. 6,02.1023. 20 C. 18,06.10 . D. 18,42.1023. Dung dch no di y c pH = 2 ? A. Dung dch NaOH 0,01 M B. Dung dch H2SO4 0,01 M C. Dung dch cha H+ v 0,1 mol Na+; 0,05 mol Cl-; 0,05 mol SO42- trong 500 mL D. Dung dch HCOOH 1M c in ly = 1%. Cho 27,4 gam bari kim loi vo 500 gam dung dch hn hp (NH4)2SO4 1,32% v CuSO4 2% un nng thu c kh A, kt ta B v dung dch C. Th tch kh A (ktc) v khi lng kt ta B ln lt bng: A. 6,72 L v 26,21 gam B. 4,48 L v 26,21 gam C. 6,72 L v 32,34 gam D. 4,48 L v 32,34 gam Ha tan ht m gam ZnSO4 vo nc c dung dch X. Cho 110 ml dung dch KOH 2M vo X, thu c a gam kt ta. Mt khc, nu cho 140 ml dung dch KOH 2M vo X th cng thu c a gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l A. 20,125 B. 12,375 C. 22,540 D. 17,710 Cho 0,448 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) hp th ht vo 100 ml dung dch cha hn hp NaOH 0,06M v Ba(OH)2 0,12M, thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l A. 3,940 B. 1,182 C. 2,364 D. 1,970

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S in li 83. C nm dung dch ng ring bit trong nm ng nghim: (NH4)2SO4, FeCl2, Cr(NO3)3, K2CO3, Al(NO3)3. Cho dung dch Ba(OH)2 n d vo nm dung dch trn. Sau khi phn ng kt thc, s ng nghim c kt ta l: A. 5 B. 2 C. 4 D. 3 Trn 100 ml dung dch hn hp gm H2SO4 0,05M v HCl 0,1M vi 100 ml dung dch hn hp gm NaOH 0,2M v Ba(OH)2 0,1M thu c dung dch X. Dung dch X c pH l A. 1,2 B. 1,0 C. 12,8 D. 13,0 Cho dung dch X cha hn hp gm CH3COOH 0,1M v CH3COONa 0,1M. Bit 250C Ka ca CH3COOH l 1,75.10-5 v b qua s phn li ca nc. Gi tr pH ca dung dch X 25o l A. 1,00 B. 4,24 C. 2,88 D. 4,76 Nh t t 0,25 lt dung dch NaOH 1,04M vo dung dch gm 0,024 mol FeCl3; 0,016 mol Al2(SO4)3 v 0,04 mol H2SO4 thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l A. 4,128 B. 2,568 C. 1,560 D. 5,064 Ho tan hon ton 47,4 gam phn chua KAl(SO4)2.12H2O vo nc, thu c dung dch X. Cho ton b X tc dng vi 200 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 1M, sau phn ng thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l A. 46,6 B. 54,4 C. 62,2 D. 7,8 Ha tan ht m gam ZnSO4 vo nc c dung dch X. Cho 110ml dung dch KOH 2M vo X, thu c a gam kt ta. Mt khc, nu cho 140 ml dung dch KOH 2M vo X th cng thu c a gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l A. 20,125. B. 12,375.
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S in li 89. C. 22,540. D. 17,710. Trn 100 ml dung dch hn hp gm H2SO4 0,05M v HCl 0,1M vi 100 ml dung dch hn hp gm NaOH 0,2M v Ba(OH)2 0,1M thu c dung dch X. Dung dch X c pH l A. 1,2 B. 1,0 C. 12,8 D. 13,0 Ho tan hon ton m gam hn hp X gm Na2O v Al2O3 vo H2O thu c 200 ml dung dch Y ch cha cht tan duy nht c nng 0,5M. Thi kh CO2 (d) vo Y thu c a gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m v a ln lt l : A. 13,3 v 3,9 B. 8,3 v 7,2 C. 11,3 v 7,8 D. 8,2 v 7,8 Mt dung dch cha hn hp gm 0,02 mol Al2(SO4)3 v 0,02 mol Na2SO4. Thm dung dch cha 0,07 mol Ba(OH)2 vo dung dch trn th khi lng kt ta sinh ra l A. 19,43 gam. B. 16,31 gam. C. 3,12 gam. D. 17,87 gam. Cho 200ml dung dch Al2(SO4)3 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH 1M ngi ta nhn thy khi dng 220ml dung dch NaOH hay dng 60ml dung dch NaOH trn th vn thu c lng kt ta bng nhau. Tnh nng ca dung dch Al2(SO4)3 ban u. A. 0,125M. B.0,15M C.0,075M. D. 0,25M Cho dung dch G cha cc ion: Fe3+, SO 2 , NH + v Cl4 4 Chia dung dch G thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn th nht tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d, un nng, c 5,35 gam kt ta v 3,36 lt kh (ktc). Phn th hai tc dng vi dung dch BaCl2 d, c 23,3 gam kt ta. Khi lng ca cc cht tan trong dung dch G. A. 37 gam B. 37,3 gam C.18,65 gam D. 37,1 gam
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90.

91

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93.