GEAS Terms and Definitions Part 3

1. group 2 costing 8% of the cost / not less than Php 6000 2. group 3 costing 6% of the cost / not less than Php 3000 3. Php 1000 min prof. fee for each power supply detached in a system 4. 5 design specs an engineer must submit with other contracts 5. not less than 25% - an elec design engr should get from the profit cost 6. 14.6 kg = 1 slug 7. 4.45 N = 1 pound 8. 3.65 MJ = 1KW 9. 96500 C = charge of one mole of electrons 10. E.O. 109 provision for improvement of local exchange carriers 11. R.A. 3846 regulation of radio communication in the Philippines 12. R.A. 8792 E-commerce Act 13. remanence refers to retentivity of magnetism 14. Fluorine most electronegative 15. Cesium liquid at warm day, melting pt is 28 degrees Celsius 16. Zinc most common alloy used with copper 17. Aluminum most abundant metal 18. starting friction maximum static friction 19. sliding friction kinetic friction 20. viscosity measure of internal friction of fluids 21. surface tension contract, area 22. coefficient of restitution ratio of relative speed after collision to speed before collision 23. coefficient of restitution (elastic) 1 24. coefficient of restitution (inelastic) 0 25. ideal mechanical advantage ratio of output distance to input distance 26. actual mechanical advantage ratio of input force to output force 27. cation smaller than the parent atom 28. anion larger than the parent atom 29. modulus of rigidity shear modulus 30. engineering consultation

31. design services 32. construction and installation 33. inspection 34. maintenance 35. operation 36. manufacturing 37. Bayes criterion probabilistic decision rule 38. fusion conversion of hydrogen to helium which cause the sun to shine 39. nichrome least conductive; 15-20 % chromium 40. constantan 40-60% 41. pH positive hydrogen ion 42. integrity keystone of professional conduct 43. honesty, justice and courtesy form a moral philosophy 44. rule 1 (RA 9292 IRR) statement of policy 45. rule 2 (RA 9292 IRR) composition of board of electronics members 46. rule 3(RA 9292 IRR) examiniation, licensure and registration 47. 5 years of consecutive residency qualification of ECE board member 48. 10 consecutive years of practice in profession - qualification of ECE board member 49. Schottky defect neutral defect 50. Line defect most common crystal defect 51. dislocation 52. crystalline repetitive and known structure / position of atoms 53. amorphous random position of atoms 54. 1839 times greater in mass a neutron is compared to electron 55. 1836 - times greater in mass a proton is compared to electron 56. ionization 57. oxidation takes place in the anode of a cell; loss of electrons by a molecule 58. 770 degrees Celsius curie temp of magnetic iron 59. actinide metals - radioactive 60. lanthanide rare earth metals

61. Php 500 per hour / Php 1000 per attendance or appearance if an ECE appears in court as an expert witness 62. mercury lowest boiling temp. 63. BCC 8; FCC -12 64. 1 amu = I proton 65. carnot engine isothermal / adiabatic 66. work energy theorem = KE + PE 67. translational- F=0 68. rotational T=0

69. centripetal force 70. chemical bonding less aggregate 71. Van der Waals 8 valence bonding, molecules 72. Paulis exclusion no 2e, 4 quantum number 73. Cobalt 1130 deg Celsius 74. gadolinium 15 deg Celsius 75. nickel 358 deg Celsius 76. critical pt no vaporization 77. remanence retentivity 78. thermal resistance thickness / thermal conductivity 79. neutrino 0 mass, speed of light 80. Maslows Theory needs: physiological, security, social, esteem, self actualization 81. Herzberg two factor workers self esteem 82. expectancy theorem expectation of success 83. decision making heart of management operation 84. eureka resistance constant at any temperature 85. FCC 0.74 ; 12 CN 86. BCC 0.69; 8 87. simple cubic 0.59 88. HCP zinc 89. principal energy

90. magnetic direction 91. azimuthal / orbital magnitude 92. spin spin 93. enthalpy total useful energy 94. halogen 7A 95. main group gilid 96. 1A alkali, softest metals 97. 2A alkali earth 98. iodine bluish-black when burned out, purple 99. invar equal / constant 100. chlorine greenish yellow 101. mesons - <0.1 amu 102. leptons electrons, neutron, mu particles 103. baryons protons, neutron 104. latent effect constant pressure , change phase 105. ceramic metal + non metal 106. polymers plastic, many parts 107. non bravais lattice all are displayed 108. Bohrs model- 4 postulates 109. work function boundary interface 110. creep stress, strain, changes over time 111. heat mechanical depends on temp. 112. thermal conductivity potential 113. 108.8 silver 1.68 x 1024 114. 102.1 copper 0.00393/oC 115. 72.8 gold (-234.5 deg Celsius) 116. 63 aluminum 117. legitimate power manager under subordinates 118. unit cost method altering, repair, modifications 119. negatron negative electron 120. electropositive metals

121. line spectrum wavelength plot 122. relative density specific density 123. gravity conservative 124. friction non conservative 125. ions gain/loss 126. isotopes atoms of diff atomic wt but same atomic no 127. ionization energy loss of electron 128. central gap (periodic table) metals, transition metals 129. atomic weight protons + neutrons 130. atomic number no of protons 131. IEEP recognized organization for electronics engineers 132. 760 torr 1 atm (Torricelli) 133. Mendeleev periodic table of elements 134. isobaric constant pressure 135. ICT information and communication technology 136. isothermal constant temp 137. heat engine heat to mechanical 138. chromium BCC 139. zinc HCP 140. conduction band free electrons 141. hardness resist plastic deformation 142. poissons ratio 143. h/4 angular 144. extrinsic Silicon + Antimony 145. aptitude test 146. mechanical to heat 100% 147. heat capacity 148. Law of motion 149. Law of thermodynamics 150. lanthanides 6th period 151. actinides 7th period

152. + beta delay proton turn neutron 153. beta delay gamma radiation decrease energy 154. 1st postulate of Bohr

EST Terms and Definitions Part3

EO 436 governing operations of CATV EO 205 regulation of CATV Office Order 87-08-2004 mobile phone dealers permit 07-08-2004 Mobile phone repair 08-08-2004 Mobile phone dealer/retail/base/purchase/sale Horn most commonly used microwave antenna SSB uses mechanical filters Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) filter for RF filters (TV frequencies) Plumbicon (lead oxide) minimum lag +6 VU (volume unit) VF level to be placed on voice signals +0 VU VF level to be placed on telephone line/channel Despun antenna spins to focus on a fixed location on the earth Attitude control orientation of satellite on relationship to earth and sun Apogee kick motor TTC Telemetry and Tracking Control Helical antennas used because of Faraday effect Faraday screen minimize losses (for transmitter) Analog cell phone: Class I 0.6W Class II 1.6W Class III 3W 121.5 MHz aeronautical distress frequency

2182 kHz maritime distress frequency LORAN C/D 100 kHz; 460m or mile absolute accuracy, 100m relative accuracy Class I Cable TV Channel/Station-- off-the-air channels, DBS feeds Class II w/o auxiliary equipment scrambling Class IV provides signaling path Discone antenna vertical polarization; broadband Cellular phone FM (AMPS) TDM 8s per time slot AMPS 10 kbps per channel D-AMPS 30 kbps combines 3 AMPS channels Cable TV: 16 dB - matching (RF) 28 dB terminal isolation 40 dB sound carrier isolator 60 dB spurious radiation rejection 80 dB cross modulation -60 dB adjacent channel isolation 1 dB audio signal level 2 dB 36 dB video SNR for modulator 3G UMTS (universal mobile telephone system); 2001 IS-95 not TDMA; Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum- Mobile and Telephone IMT 2000 144 kbps for fast vehicles; 384 kbps for pedestrians and slow vehicles PD 1986 MTRCB 12 kHz deviation 5150 m/s speed of sound in steel at 1 atm

EO 59 mandatory interconnection of telecommunications networks 1550 nm used because of least losses RA 9292 approved by GMA on April 17, 2004 EO 196 Philippine Satellite Satellite closet offshoot of TTC (building code) Doppler radar Helmholtz resonator GPS 20,200km; 60 spacing between orbital planes; 6 orbital planes; 55 inclination Poke-through in building construction (telephone installation); wires poke through fire-resistant floor Firewire connects cameras, etc. to computer H.261 video conferencing over telephone line MP3 MPEG-2 audio layer 3 MPEG-1 low-rate video used in CD- ROM MPEG-4 DivX video compression PL-259 UHF connector Type N connector coax connector; expensive but good 7:8 dissonant tone ratio Consonant tones pleasant tones; antonym of dissonant 1:1.38 max. tolerable VSWR of something American concert A 440Hz One octave above middle C 524Hz Proxima centauri nearest star to solar system Aurora borealis rapid fluttering; ionic disturbance 10 octaves human hearing range Ionosonde measures virtual height Brillouin scattering slight frequency change; modulation of light by the thermal energy in the material; produces phonons and photons

Mie scattering caused by particles that have the size of wavelength Splatter excess sidebands J3E 1.4kHz difference between carrier and assigned frequency F3 for voice Data rates: GPRS >170 kbps EDGE >384 kbps 3G >2 Mbps 6 MHz terrestrial 19.39 Mbps 6 MHz data (cable modem) 27 Mbps CB SSB 12W PEP 3.1 m3/person cinema volume level NAVTEX texting system for ships; maritime safety weather; narrowband direct printing telegraphy Slot antenna used for navi systems; aerodynamic Hole for wavelength and waveguide wavemeter coupling Probe coupling for waveguide Loop coupling for waveguide 4.5 MHz + 1 MHz intercarrier 1.25 MHz + 250 kHz from lower edge 3.579545 MHz chroma subcarrier V.90 56 kbps for telephone line Flicker noise voltages: 0.02-0.2 V metal film 0.05-0.3 V carbon film 0.1-3.0 V carbon composition

0.01-0.2 V wirewound IMT2000 not 3G 02 absorption 5 mm, 2.5 mm Water vapor 1.35 cm, 1.7 mm IMSI international mobile subscriber identification MIN mobile ID number WCDMA 1.25W DWDM dense wavelength div mux COW cellsite; emergency purposes; on flatbed of tractor or trailer Stripline 2 ground planes; sandwich Microstrip 802.3 defacto Ethernet; CSMA/ CD LAN 100 Mbps Ethernet 100 m Token ring 4 or 16 Mbps UTC universal coordinated time Why are cable channels converted to VHF from UHF? to reduce losses in coax cable Hard line coax with hard shield Twinax Slow wave structure forces electron beam to move slowly C-band transponder guard band 4 MHz IF for TV receivers 36-46 MHz Electron spin in ferrites; due to magnetic field; precession PVC cover of coax Polytetraflouroethylene Teflon Polyethylene good for outdoor cables Cross-over cable low capacity/number of computers; will do in place of a hub

Electroluminescence LED action Radiometry measuring RF spectrum Photometry Luminosity lumens/watt Aperture antenna 40 km microwave repeater distance 56 km TV broadcast radius Omega raw system; 88-98% of earth Radar depends on: Distance speed of pulse Altitude vertical beamwidth Direction directivity of antenna UHF channel noise figure 9 dB or better RLE takes advantage of redundancies in bit stream GFSK modulation used in Digital European Cordless Telephone (DECT) GSM 13 kbps speech coding rate CATV and head-end operation requires licensed commercial telephone operator Critical frequency of E layer 4 MHz Gimmick wire that acts as a capacitor; capacitance can be changes by bending wire to one side or another Public key for encrypting signal Private key for decryption Why analog transmission rather than digital transmission of CATV in fiber optic medium? easier to just modulate whole RF spectrum that having to demodulate, demux, encode, etc. On-hook loop voltage (telephone) -48Vdc

Side tone echo from Tx side to Rx side Ringback sent to the calling station to inform that call is in progress Erlang C blocked calls delayed until served/satisfied Cell site D/R ratio distance required before reuse; R cellsite radius; Cochannel Interference Reduction Factor Satellites spatial isolation frequency reuse by aiming beams at different locations (spaced-enough) Base station $500,000 - $750,000 to put up 1 dB, 2 dB visual signal level throughout video channel BW Why is it easier to analyze transmission lines at low frequency? low L and C, leaving only resistive component Multi-mode fiber easier to work with than single mode; wider acceptance angle Why is height still important for mobile telephone transmitter antenna? for more direct path; less reflections Soliton any optical field that does not change during propagation because of a balance between nonlinear and linear effects in a medium SONET brings together the North American and European digital mux hierarchies Passive optical network all-fiber access systems intended for residential applications Single-mode fiber width=3 (wavelength of the light carrier) Cryogenic cooling lowers the operating temperature of receivers to reduce noise levels SSB envelope delay distortion test 1800 Hz Speech power typically to 1/3 of PEP CATV channels between channels 6 and 7 (wideband); above channel 13 (superband) VCR data FM modulation

Superjumbogroup 10,800 channels GPS user segment, space segment, control segment; main control Falcon Air Base, Colorado, USA Magic T hybrid T Feed horn horn amplifier that feeds a reflector 100 dB exposure 20 mins Datawire term for the communication channel over which data is transmitted Slope detector vulnerable to noise degradation Ratio detector more amplitude dependent but lower demodulated signal level (50%) Varactor diode (for direct FM) 12:1 ratio of capacitance IF amp most of the receivers selectivity/gain SSB signals more prone to frequency distortion because theres no carrier to serve as reference Lattice modulator most commonly used SSB modulator Losses in fiber optic cable material/absorption losses, scattering losses, dispersion losses Splice is better that connectors because there is no air gap PCS plastic-clad silica; uses silicon plastic Fiber construction: Glass low attenuation; brittle Plastic high attenuation Radar 2 types: continuous wave (CW) and pulsed TACS 1G system used in England; 8 kbps data rate LIDAR optical version of radar; light direction and ranging Frequencies directly above 300 GHz millimetric waves Sunlight radiation 300nm-2000nm (UV to infrared)

Human ear best response 1-4 kHz If the desired area to capture cannot fit into the cameras field of view, use a lens with shorter focal length Ultor main accelerating anode Grid-dye meter/detector for measuring RF current/power in antenna; for measuring resonant frequency of RF circuits Hamming code corrects 1 bit only TDD time division duplexing 2 way communication channels are separated in time via time slots Microwave communication is being used because of wide bandwidth To protect against fading frequency diversity; space diversity Fresnel reflection reflection of waves through 2 media; involves materials w/ different index of refraction; also involves angle; reflection of part of incident light Initial payload main satellite in the satellite launch 8-VSB standard for digital TV Why digital TV ? possibly less BW, more immunity to noise, more signal processing For UHF frequencies, transmission lines are used in place of LC networks. Interlacing technique to reduce flicker of TV picture w/o increasing BW No. of scanning lines (conventional TV) 525 Effective no. of scanning lines (utilization factor) (525) = resolution of picture HDTV up to 1125 lines; 5 times more video info compared to conventional TV picture Video signal w/o sync pulse noncomposite video signal Commercial (analog) telephone service NTT, 1979 Problem of 1G a phones code can be stole and copied clone fraud Why is it hard to transmit music using SSB? it is difficult to produce 90 phase shift for AF in the 5-10 kHz range

Modern pool alternative to having a dedicated modem + telephone line connection for each workstation Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) part of most aircraft/ships today Republic and Titanic (1910 and 1912) sinkings led to mandatory 24-hr ship-toshore communications Anisochronous no relationship in the time interval (chronous) between Tx and Rx data Dolby AC-3 surround sound sound with compressed data rates Microphones: Carbon economical Dynamic Condenser weak response Broadband wireless access for fixed, nomadic, mobile: In MHz: 450-470 1900-1910 1980-1990 2400-2483 2500-2700 3400-3600 5150-5350 5470-5850 10150-10650 SUF for 3G (per MHz, M-million): Frequency 5 MHz 5th-10th paired P 5M 8M unpaired P 3M 6M

10th-15th >15th

10M 15M

8M 12M

Ambiophony adjusting reverberation by providing loudspeaker feedback 2% of main signal to provide minimum interference Bluetooth IEEE 802.15; 720 kbps; 1mW Wimax 802.16 Zigbee 802.15.4; cost-efficient; low power; low data rate Wifi 802.11b; 11 Mbps; 54 Mbps Vinton Cerf father of internet ITU-T telecommunications standards bureau William Gibson 1984; coined cyberspace in Neuromancer EO 467 EO 205 regulation of CATV EO 101 improvement of LEC service EO 469 satellite; March 17, 1998 1% harmonic distortion for CATV Range of CDMA 13 miles; BW = 1.23 MHz Birth of WWW 1991 1918 superhet receiver; Edwin Armstrong 820 nm 2.5 dB Rayleigh loss 0.7 m 100 m IR wavelength Radio Act of 1910 first attempt at radio regulation Hydrazine fuel for jet thrusters Middle C 262 Hz Cavity resonator high Q parallel LC circuit Hoghorn parabolic cylinder plus horn antenna 15 yrs max permit length of CATV operator authentication Iridium 780 km; 66 satellites

1978 first GPS satellite launched L band used for navigation 3G 2 to 4 times 2G 2G 3000-20,000 people per cell site 1G 1000 people, 50 radio channels Cell site 10-50W -L network/ inductive coupling against harmonics/ greatest harmonic suppression Digital microwave PSK/QAM Cable TV supplying power and signals 30 Vac or 60 Vac UWB 20/30 ft.; 500 MHz or 20% of center frequency Randall and Boot some type of magnetron Beamwidth of horn antenna 10 - 60 Thick Ethernet 10 Base 5 (old thick Ethernet) Thin Ethernet cheapernet Button microphone used in telephones Telemetry 481.25 - 481.725; 486.25 - 486.725 CB 26.965-27.475 MHz International AM station min 50 kW P 900 license fee for head-end licensing F-type connector commonly used for TV, etc.; cheap Cyan 90 leading color burst 125 m cladding diameter Highest sunlight power at 500 nm IS-136 North American digital cellphone standard IS-95 CDMA Gyrotron high power; >100GHz; USSR 1971 Backward-wave oscillator (BWO) TWT + slow wave structure (RF + e-beam) CB antenna height 60 ft. above ground; 20 ft. above building

Jabber random data sent by NIC 9pm-7am no push/broadcast messages in paid subscription for such messages For 2 kW transmit power, 2860W power Velocity factor 0.9 twin lead; 0.9 open wire; 0.5-0.9 in general Shift register used as bit-splitter Phase splitter push-pull amplifier Input of quadrature phase detector differential amplifier