OBSERVATION SHEET Name : Index No : Department : Date performed : Instructed by: N.H.M.

Prabhath 080368F Electrical Engineering 2010\11\08

b) Measurement of speed control Characteristics Speed-input potentiometer setting 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Vdc(V) 10 12 16 30 42 54 70 88 172 Vs(V) 2 2 9 24 37 44 56 70 140 Is(A) 0.40 0.60 0.70 0.90 0.95 1.00 1.00 1.05 1.10 Ws(W) 0 0 1 1 2 3 3 3 7 Ws(W) 20 0 0 20 20 40 60 60 60 140 fs(Hz) 0 6 15 26 37 48 62 78 153 fs(Hz) 6 0.00 1.00 2.50 4.33 6.17 8.00 10.33 13.00 25.50 Nr(rpm) 0.0 39.4 70.7 124.0 178.0 236.0 303.0 385.0 758.0 -

c) Measurement of speed control Characteristics with voltage control Voltage feedback potentiometer setting 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Vdc(V) Vs(V) Is(A) Ws(W) Ws(W) 20 Nr(rpm)

166 184 200 216 232 248 248 248 248 248 248

134 152 164 176 190 202 202 202 202 202 202

1.10 1.25 1.40 1.55 1.75 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00

3 4 4 5 5 7 7 7 7 7 7

60 80 80 100 100 140 140 140 140 140 140

733.0 735.0 736.0 737.0 737.5 738.0 738.0 738.0 738.0 738.0 738.0

f = 25Hz6 = 150Hz

Adjustable speed induction motor drive

Name : Index No : Department : Date performed : Instructed by:

N.H.M. Prabhath 080368F Electrical Engineering 2010\11\08

b)

Nr vs fs
800 700 600 500 Nr(rpm) 400 300 200 100 0 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 fs(Hz) 20.00 25.00 30.00 Nr vs fs

1.2

Is vs fs

0.8

Is(A)

0.6 Is vs fs 0.4

0.2

0 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 fs(Hz) 20.00 25.00 30.00

Vs/fs vs fs
7 6 5 Vs/fs (V/Hz) 4 3 2 1 0 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 fs(Hz) 20.00 25.00 30.00 Vs/fs vs fs

Ws vs fs
160 140

120

100 Ws(W)

80 Ws vs fs 60

40

20

0 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 fs(Hz) 20.00 25.00 30.00

C)

Nr vs Vs
739

738

737

Nr(rpm)

736

735

Nr vs Vs

734

733

732 0 50 100 Vs(V) 150 200 250

Is vs Vs
2.5

1.5 Is(A) Is vs Vs 1 Poly. (Is vs Vs)

0.5

0 0 50 100 Vs(V) 150 200 250

Ws vs Vs
160 140 120 100 Ws(W) 80 Ws vs Vs 60 40 20 0 0 50 100 Vs(V) 150 200 250

d)

Discussion :
i.

E = 4.44kwNmfs a. If stator drop is neglected, then E is equal to V. Then the supply voltage will become proportional to fs and m . i. V = 4.44kwNmfs b. Any reduction in the supply frequency fs keeping the supply voltage constant causes the increase of air-gap flux m . Induction motors designed to operate at the knee point of the magnetization characteristic to make a full use of magnetic material. Therefore, the increase in flux will saturate the motor. This will increase the magnetizing current and distort the line current and voltage, increase in core loss and stator copper loss and produce a high-pitch acoustic noise. Also, a decrease in flux is also avoided to retain the torque capability of motor. Therefore, variable frequency control below rated frequency is generally carried out at rated air gap flux by varying supply voltage with frequency so as to maintain V/fs ratio constant at the rated value.

ii) Because at the rated speed the voltage is the rated voltage. Ie the voltage is maximum So only the frequency can be vary after this This makes the torque to be reduced under constant power (i.e (1/Nr) ) iii) we can see that when the frequency is changed in a short range we can change the speed of the rotor in a large range (i.e when the frequency is changed in the range of 0 25.5 Hz the rotor speed changed in 0 758 rpm) But in the voltage control we see that when the voltage is changed in a large range the speed of the rotor is chaging in a very small range ( can almost neglect it) So the degree of controllability in frequency control is very much higher than that of voltage control. iv) The voltage of the inverter out put is an AC wave form but not sinusoidal. It is a pulse wave. We use that kind of wave depending on following reasons There we always apply a constant voltage upon a specific period of time which accounts for the constant torque speed controlling The frequency can be changed by adjusting the potentiometer at the inverter The current wave form is somewhat shifted from the voltage wave form. And it is not either a sinusoidal or pulse type.