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NITROGEN
REMOVAL
ACTIVATED - SLUDGE
NITROGEN CYCLE
 ACTIVATED SLUDGE
NITRIFICATION
30.00
Min Sludge age (d)

25.00

20.00

15.00

10.00

5.00

0.00
0 5 10 15 20 25 30

T (deg C)
NITRIFICATION

Nitrification will also produce sludge

0.17 mg biomass / mg N nitrified

Nitrification consumes Alklinity

7 mg TAC (as CaCO3) / mg N nitrified

Dosage of Lime or NaOH may be necessary if we have soft water

Nitrification consumes Oxygen

4.57 mg O2/mg N nitrified
DENITRIFICATION

Denitrication saves Oxygen

2.86 mg O2 /mg N denitrified

Denitrication release alkalinity

3.5 mg TAC (as CaCO3) / mg N denitrified

Denitification needs Organic Carbon

1 kg NO3-N reduced will use 4.5kg BOD or 8 – 10 kg COD
 ACTIVATED SLUDGE
NITROGEN REMOVAL : MAIN
CONFIGURATIONS

Internal
recirculation

Anoxic = oxygen only as NOx forms

Anaerobic = no oxygen
Sijiqing WWTP – Huaian City
Jiangsu Province P.R.C.

A2O
Capacity: 215
000 PE
65.000
m3/d
Influent Effluent
kg/d mg/l
BOD 13.000 30
SS 16.250 30
Total N 2.275 20
Nitrogen removal : influence of the
recirculation rate des Nitrates (%)%

90%
d'élimination efficiency

80%

70%

60%

50%
Rendementremoval

40%

30%
Nitrate

20%

10%

0%
0 100 200 300 400 500
Taux de recirculation
Recirculation (%)
rate
 ACTIVATED SLUDGE
NITROGEN REMOVAL : AZENIT CONFIGURATIONS

AZENIT

Aeration control by:

•Redox + O2
Aerated carrousel •NH4-N + O2
Contact zone
 ACTIVATED - SLUDGE
Nitrogen removal : BIODENITRO PROCESS
1. Influent distributor
2. Submersible mixers
3. Adjustable weir
7
3
5

6
1
4
2

4. Denitrified mixed liquor flows from Ditch 2 to Ditch 1

5. Dissolved Oxygen measurement probe.
6. Brush aerators (rotors).
7. Effluent discharges from Ditch 1.
 ACTIVATED - SLUDGE
Nitrogen removal : BIODENITRO® PROCESS
Phase A
Denitrification

Functioning cycle of
Biodenitro® process
Phase D
Nitrification Nitrification Nitrification

Nitrification Nitrification Nitrification

Phase B

Phase C Denitrification
 ACTIVATED - SLUDGE
Nitrogen removal : BIODENITRO PROCESS
N = BOD-removal
I and nitrifivation
S
DN = BOD-removal
N DN I and denitrifikation
II S = Sedimentation
N N

I S S
II

II
N
N
N I
DN

II S

Phase A Phase B Phase C Phase D

Concentration D A B C D A B C
(mg N/l) 6
N DN N DN N
5
4 Nitrat
3
2 Ammonium

1
0 Tid
0 36 72 108 144 180 216 252 288 324 360 (min.)
BeiShiQiao Wastewater Treatment
Plant Project
Xian City, P.R.C
Bio-Denitro™
Capacity: 450000 PE
150,000 m³/d

Influent Effluent
mg/l mg/l
COD 400 100
SS 255 20
BOD 180 20
Total N 53 15
Mei Lake WWTP – Huizhou City
Guangdong Province P.R.C.

Bio-Denitro™
Capacity: 255000 PE
100,000 m³/d

Influent Effluent
kg/d mg/l

BOD 15.300 30
SS 13.600 30
Total N 2.600 20
 ACTIVATED SLUDGE
BIODENITRO ATS (Aeration Tank Settling)
Normal mode
Clarifier
Anox
Influent Effluent

Aeration

ATS Mode
Aeration Clarifier

Influent Effluent

Anox/Settling
 ACTIVATED - SLUDGE
KRÜGER’s ADJUSTABLE
OVERFALL WEIR
Phosphorus Removal
 Phosphorus removal : principles

P removal : transformation into a solid form

 2 possible ways
 Biological
 Incorporation into the sludge trough synthesis of cells
 Extended synthesis trough anaerobic selection
 Physico-chemical
 Additions of metal salts (Fe, Al) for forming of MeP flocs
Biological P removal

 Biological over elimination

ANAEROBIE AEROBIE

P in sludge:
• with out Bio
- P 1.5 – 2.5 %
• with Bio–P 3–6%
Biological P removal

Anaerobic zone : stress Aerobic zone : normal life

Bacteria use their own energetic Over assimilation of Phosphorus

stocks
Phosphorous removal : Physico
Chemical

Dosing of metal (FeCl3 or Al, or Ca…..) :

 Molar ratio = No. Of metal moles / mole of Phosphorous treated
 Alkalinity loss

Increased sludge production : mineral sludge's

 Phosphorous precipitate to MeP
 Surplus Metal will precipitate with hydroxide as MeOH
ACTIVATED SLUDGE
Processes for Biological P. Removal
Azenit-P

Aerated Carousel
Anoxic Anaerobic
Effluent

Return sludge

Excess sludge
Azenit-P example Mansu Korea

27600 m3
400 m3 7000 m3 A era ted C aro u sel 2
7100 mDiscfilter Effluent
A n o xic A n aero b ic
E fflu en t

Sludge age 18 d
R etu rn slu d g e

E x ces slu d g e

Design load 154 000 PE:

Flow: 70 000 m3/d 4965 m3/h Effluent demand:
COD: 22 310 kg/d BOD: 10 mg/l
BOD: 9 085 kg/d TSS: 10 mg/l
TSS: 8 740 kg/d Tot-N: 15 mg/l
Tot-N: 1 725 kg/d Tot-P: 2 mg/l
Tot-P: 213 kg/d
Azenit-P example Mansu Korea, Aeration
channel
Azenit-P example Mansu Korea, Clarifier
 Azenit-P example Mansu Korea Start-Up
Mansu Korea Azenit-P

7.000

6.000

5.000

4.000
kg/m3

TSS
3.000

2.000

1.000

0.000
30/9/04 20/10/04 9/11/04 29/11/04 19/12/04 8/1/05 28/1/05 17/2/05 9/3/05
date
 Azenit-P example Mansu Korea Start-Up
Mansu Korea Azenit-P

200.0 Methanol dosing

started, Filtration started
180.0

160.0

140.0

120.0
BODin
mg/l

100.0
BODout
80.0

60.0

40.0

20.0

0.0
30/9/04 20/10/04 9/11/04 29/11/04 19/12/04 8/1/05 28/1/05 17/2/05
date
 Azenit-P example Mansu
Mansu Korea Azenit-P
Korea Start-Up
60.0
Methanol dosing
started
50.0

40.0

Tot-N in
mg/l

30.0
Tot-N out

20.0

10.0

0.0
30/9/04 20/10/04 9/11/04 29/11/04 19/12/04 8/1/05 28/1/05 17/2/05
date
 Azenit-P example Mansu
Mansu Korea Azenit-P
Korea Start-Up
10.0 Methanol dosing
started, Filtration started
9.0

8.0

7.0

6.0
Tot-Pin
mg/l

5.0
Tot-Pout
4.0

3.0

2.0

1.0

0.0
30/9/04 20/10/04 9/11/04 29/11/04 19/12/04 8/1/05 28/1/05 17/2/05
date
ACTIVATED SLUDGE
Processes for Biological P Removal
BIO-DENIPHO
PHASE A
Anaerobic
Influent Anoxic Effluent

Aerobic

Return sludge Exces

PHASE B sludge

Anaerobic
Influent Aerobic Effluent

Aerobic

Return sludge Exces

sludge
BIO-DENIPHO example Rennes (F)
Design load 360 000
PE:
Flow: 80 000 m3/d
9 000 m3/h
COD: 50 000 kg/d
BOD: 21 600 kg/d
TSS: 18 800 kg/d
Tot-N: 4 410 kg/d
Tot-P: 925 kg/d Effluent demand:
BOD: 10 mg/l
TSS: 10 mg/l
Tot-N: 10 mg/l
Tot-P: 1 mg/l
BIO-DENIPHO example Rennes (F)

10100 m3 53500 m3
11250 m2 Sand Filtration
Anaerobic
Influent Anoxic Effluent

Aerobic

Return sludge Excess

sludge
 BIO-DENIPHO example Rennes (F)
Rennes (F), BIODENIPHO

500 50
Start-up Filtration
450 45

400 40

350 35

300 30

mg/l
mg/l

250 25

200 20

150 15

100 10

50 5

0 0
01-déc- 20-janv- 11-mars- 30-avr-97 19-juin- 08-août- 27-sept- 16-nov- 05-janv- 24-févr-
96 97 97 97 97 97 97 98 98
date

TSSin TSSout
 BIO-DENIPHO example Rennes (F)
Rennes (F), BIODENIPHO

500 50
Start-up Filtration
450 45

400 40

350 35

300 30

mg/l
mg/l

250 25

200 20

150 15

100 10

50 5

0 0
01-déc- 20-janv- 11-mars- 30-avr-97 19-juin- 08-août- 27-sept- 16-nov- 05-janv- 24-févr-
96 97 97 97 97 97 97 98 98
date

BODin BODout
 BIO-DENIPHO example Rennes (F)
Rennes (F), BIODENIPHO

100
Start-up Filtration
90

80

70

60
TKNin
mg/l

50
Tot-N out
40

30

20

10

0
01-déc- 20-janv- 11- 30-avr- 19-juin- 08-août- 27-sept- 16-nov- 05-janv- 24-févr-
96 97 mars-97 97 97 97 97 97 98 98
date
 BIO-DENIPHO example Rennes (F)
Rennes (F), BIODENIPHO

20
Start-up Filtration
18

16

14

12
Tot-Pin
mg/l

10
Tot-P out
8

0
01-déc- 20-janv- 11- 30-avr- 19-juin- 08-août- 27-sept- 16-nov- 05-janv- 24-févr-
96 97 mars-97 97 97 97 97 97 98 98
date
The BIORING – combined BIODENIPHO
Azenit-P
Ilawara- Woolongong, Austrailia

Design load 245 000 PE:

Flow: 59 000 m3/d 13 300 Effluent demand:
m3/h BOD: 8 mg/l
COD: 32 450 kg/d TSS: 8 mg/l
BOD: 14 750 kg/d NH4-N: 1 mg/l
TSS: 14 750 kg/d Tot-P: 1 mg/l
Tot-N: 3 245 kg/d
Tot-P: 590 kg/d
Illawara- Woolongong, Austrailia
Overview
Illawara- Woolongong, Austrailia
The BIORING – combined BIODENIPHO Azenit-P

V4

V1
V2

V1 =1185m3
V2 =2632m3 V3
V3 =2808m3
V4 =13 124m3
Illawara- Woolongong, Austrailia
The BIORING Aerated section
Illawara- Woolongong, Austrailia
Clarifiers
Short Reference list A2O

Country Project Name Flowrate in m3/d Capacity (PE) Completion Year Status
China BENGBU WWTP 100 000 2 002 Completed
China Dengjiacun WWTP 160000 1 998 Completed
China GONGBEI WWTP 80 000 2 002 Completed
China Putian Mingzhong WWTP 80 000 2 004 Completed
Lithuania Alytus WWTP 38 000 265 000 1 999 Completed
Lithuania Vilkaviskis WWTP 4 500 18 000 1 998 Completed
Lithuania Vilnius WWTP 225 000 700 000 2 002 Completed
Norway Vik WWTP 4 320 25 000 1 996 Completed
Short Reference list Azenit

Country Project Name Flowrate in m3/d Capacity (PE) Completion Year Status
Belgium BRUXELLES NORD 558 000 1 100 000 2 007 Construction in progress
France ANCEMONT 960 4 000 2 006 Construction in progress
France AUCH LAMOTHE 20 000 50 000 1 998 Completed
France AURILLAC 10 800 45 000 2 001 Completed
France Bagnères de Bigorre 9 750 20 000 2 006 Construction in progress
France CARLING L'HOPITAL 1 800 12 000 1 992 Completed
France CHATILLON SUR SEINE 2 100 11 700 2 003 Completed
France CONDOM 1 645 20 000 2 001 Completed
France GRAND COURONNE 2 300 20 000 1 995 Completed
France Grand Rodez / Bénechou 20 316 11 000 2 004
France Isle Jourdain WWTP 2 000 10 000 2 005 Completed
France LANNEMEZAN 2 680 13 000 1 999 Completed
France LOURDES 25 000 80 000 2 004 Completed
France LURE 6 450 27 000 1 996 Completed
France ORLEANS La Source 17 000 90 000 Completed
France PROVINS 7 200 19 300 2 003 Completed
France ROUEN / / EMERAUDE 85 000 550 000 1 997 Completed
France SAINT MALO " La Grande Rivière" 32 000 122 000 1 995 Completed
France TARNOS 6 420 35 000 2 007 Construction in progress
France Ustaritz 2 046 13 000 2 005 Completed
France VIELLE AURE 4 970 20 000 Completed
France VILLEPREUX (Val de Gally Ouest) 8 800 45 000 2 002 Completed
Lebanon NABATHIEH 24 240 68 000 2 006 Construction in progress
South Korea INCHEON MANSOO 70 000 Completed
Short Reference list BIODENITRO

Country Project Name Flowrate in m3/d Capacity (PE) Completion Year Status
Belgium Enghien WWTP 2 700 15 000 1 997 Completed
China BEISHIQIAO WWTP (XIAN) 150 000 420 000 1 998 Completed
China CIXI WWTP 10 000 1 998 Completed
China HANDAN WWTP 60 000 1 994 Completed
China HANDAN WWTP extension 40 000 1 997 Completed
China HUIZHOU WWTP 100 000 300 2 001 Completed
China MA 'ANSHAN WWTP 10 000 30 000 1 993 Completed
Cyprus Limassol - Amathus Sewage Treatment Plant 22 000 70 000 1 995 Completed
Egypt 17 WW Plants 170 000 2 005 Completed
Egypt 55 WW Plants 550 000 2 005 Completed
Egypt 6 WW Plants 60 000 2 005 Completed
France BLOIS 24 000 103 333 1 989 Completed
France CELAVOL (GROUPE DOUX) 1 200 1 992 Completed
France LONGWY 17 800 64 000 1 994 Completed
Greece Heraklion WWTP 47 000 170 000 1 995 Completed
Greece Pyrgos WWTP 10 100 35 000 2 002 Completed
Sweden Scanraff WWTP 5 500 2 002 Completed
Short Reference list BIODENIPHO
Country Project Name Flowrate in m3/d Capacity (PE) Completion Year Status
Australia BEENLEIGH WWTP 60 000 2 004 Completed
Australia GERRINGONG - GERROA 2 400 11 000 2 002 Completed
Australia ILLAWARA (Wollongong) 59 000 2 006 Completed
Australia KYNETON WWTP 11 000 2 002 Completed
Australia LANDSBOROUGH WWTP 1 250 5 000 1 999 Completed
Australia NEERIM SOUTH 1 050 Completed
Australia SELFS POINT WWTP (Hobart) 44 000 Completed
Australia WARRAGUL 4 200 17 000 Completed
China Dongguan Tangxia Municipal STP (Shenzhen) 15 000 1 994 Completed
China DONGHUAN (Hong Kong) 58 500 1 994 Completed
China Dujiangyan WWTP 80 000 200 000 2 005 Completed
China Tangxia WWTP 15 000 1 997 Completed
China Tianzhu WWTP 240 000 2 003 Completed
Denmark ALBORG Completed
Denmark LYNETTEN 220 000 750 000 1 997 Completed
Egypt KATAMEYA 2 000 Completed
France BLOIS 24 000 103 333 1 989 Completed
France PERTUISET "Vallée de l'ondaine" 32 350 80 000 1 999 Completed
France RENNES / / BEAURADE 80 000 360 000 1 997 Completed
Latvia 4 WWTP Saldus, Dobele, Bauska, Kuldiga 18 000 60 000 2 002 Completed
Latvia Ventspils WWTP 19 200 50 000 2 005 Completed
Lithuania Varena WWTP 3 000 16 500 2 002 Completed
Poland Dzialdowo WWTP 5 300 25 000 1 997 Completed
Poland Orzepowice WWTP, Rybnik 27 500 150 000 2 000 Completed
Sweden Hammargaards WWTP 3 000 52 000 2 000 Completed
Sweden Lundaakraverket WWTP 3 000 37 000 1 998 Completed
Sweden Strävliden WWTP 16 000 20 000 1 999 Completed
 ACTIVATED SLUDGE
CONCLUSIONS
 Within Veolia Water Activated Sludge is the
most commonly used process for wastewater
treatment with several thousands of reference
installations in both the municipal and
industrial sector

 Veolia Water has more than 80 years

experince more than 20 different Patented
BNP Activated sludge processes giving the
possibility of optimisation for almost any
wastewater at any effluent standard
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