Immunology Block 1 Review Questions 1.

Which of the following components of the immune system is not part of the innate branch? A. Neutrophils B. NK cells C. Dendritic cells D. B cells E. Eosinophils 2. Which of the following is a characteristic of the adaptive immune response? A. It is preformed B. It does not have a memory component C. Extensive diversity D. Nonspecific to its target E. Include cells such as phagocytes 3. Where do T-cells mature? A. Spleen B. Thyroid gland C. Bone Marrow D. Brain E. Thymus 4. Where do B-cells and the entire line of innate cells mature? A. Spleen B. Thyroid gland C. Bone Marrow D. Brain E. Thymus 5. Once the cells of the immune system mature, they are then set out to find their target. The location in which the cells look for and find these targets, which is the same place where the cells are induced and proliferate, is where? A. Secondary lymphoid tissue such as the thymus B. Secondary lymphoid tissue such as a lymph node C. Primary lymphoid tissue such as the spleen D. Primary lymphoid tissue such as the thymus E. Liver 6. Mature, but nave leucocytes cross into vascular sinuses and leave the bone marrow via what? A. Saphenous vein B. Hepatic portal vein C. Central vein D. Thymus vein

7. Which of the following secondary lymphoid organs sieves blood borne antigens? A. Bone marrow B. Lymph node C. Peyers patches D. Mucosal associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) E. Spleen 8. An important component of our immune system is the dendritic cell. These cells are professional antigen-presenting cells found mainly in the skin where they wait for a breach in the barrier, pick up an antigen and then go to the secondary lymphoid tissue. If they make their way to the spleen, where would they present to T-cells? A. Paracortex B. Cortex C. Periarterial lymphoid sheath (PALS) D. Marginal zone E. Germinal center 9. If those dendritic cells went to a lymph node, where would they meet up with the Tcells? A. Paracortex B. Cortex C. PALS D. Marginal zone E. Germinal center 10. A lymph node biopsy is done on a patient with recurrent infections. If the doctor is interested in determining whether the patient has B-cell expansion and proliferation capability (to become plasma cells), where exactly would he look in the lymph node? A. Germinal centers B. Paracortex C. Cortex D. Marginal zone E. PALS 11. How do lymphocytes cross from the bloodstream to the lymph node? A. Germinal centers B. Bone marrow C. Cortex D. Marginal zone E. High Endothelial Venules (HEV) 12. ________ on T-cells interact with __________on high endothelial venules. A. Addressins/selectins B. LFA-1/ICAM-1

C. ICAM-1/LFA-1 D. Selectins/addressins E. VLA-4/VCAM-1 13. Which of the following cells are derived from lymphoid progenitor cells? A. Monocytes B. Erythrocytes C. Dendritic cells D. Neutrophils E. Natural Killer cells 14. After a centrifugation of the blood, its components are split into different levels based on density. Where in the different separations would one find T-cells? A. Buffy coat B. Plasma C. Red blood cells 15. A patient had an allergic reaction to latex. This is caused by the inappropriate activation of T-cells and B-cells responding to a non-pathogen, causing degranulation of certain immune cells. If the cells causing the degranulation are usually found in the tissue, which cell am I talking about? A. Cytotoxic T-cells B. Basophils C. Mast cells D. Monocytes E. Macrophages 16. Which of the following describes natural killer cells? A. Its an adaptive immune cell that kills extracellular pathogens B. Its an innate immune cell that kills extracellular pathogens C. Its an adaptive immune cell that kills intracellular pathogens D. Its an innate immune cell that kills intracellular pathogens E. Its involved in allergy responses Match the following immunoglobulins with their respective functions. Each one can be used once, twice, three times, maybe four times, probably not five times, or never. IgG IgM IgD IgE IgA 17. Crosses the placenta to interact with the bramble receptor_______ 18. Cell surface found only on mature B-cells only_______ 19. Highest avidity_______ 20. Able to fix complement________and _________ 21. Found in high amount in mucosal tissue________ 22. First immunoglobulin to be released from an activated B-cell________ 23. Involved in allergic reactions________ 24. Highest affinity to receptors on mast cells and basophils_________

25. Which type of antibody determinant is involved in determining the class of a given antibody? A. Idiotype B. Isotype C. Allotype D. Phenotype E. Genotype 26. Many people have allergies to penicillin. This drug should not cause a reaction in a normal individual but is recognized inappropriately by the immune system as a/an_______? A. Antibody B. Epitope C. Hapten D. Antigen E. Isotype 27. Which of the following describes the characteristics of the ideal immunogen? A. Foreign, protein, large, and complex B. Foreign, sugar, small, simple C. Foreign, lipid, large, complex D. Self, protein, small, simple E. Self, sugar, large, complex 28. What is the difference in the way T-cells recognize antigens with the way B-cells recognize antigens? A. T-cells can recognize conformational epitopes B. B-cells only recognize linear epitopes C. Both cells recognize linear and conformational epitopes D. Both cells recognize conformational epitopes E. T-cells can only recognize linear epitopes 29. Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) serves to present antigen to A. B-and T-cells B. NK cells C. T-cells D. B-cells E. All leukocytes 30. Which of the following distinguishes B-cell epitopes from T-cell epitopes? A. T-cells can directly bind soluble antigen B. B-cells can only recognize proteins C. B-cells require MHC to present antigen D. T-cells do not bind soluble antigen and need the help of MHC

Match the CD molecules with the respective cells. CD3 CD4 CD8 CD19 CD56 31. Produce antibodies to fight extracellular pathogens_______ 32. Found exclusively on all T-cells________ 33. Kills viral infected cells and part of the innate response________ 34. Recognizes MHC class I________ 35. Which complement pathway relies on antibodies to become initiated? A. The alternative pathway B. Lectin pathway C. Classical pathway 36. Which complement pathway relies on the spontaneous tic-over to become initiated? A. The alternative pathway B. Lectin pathway C. Classical pathway 37. Which of the following is an absolute requirement of the membrane attack complex? A. Presence of an accessible sugar capsule molecule B. Presence of an accessible phospholipids membrane C. Presence of an accessible protein coat D. Presence of an accessible DNA molecule 38. What are the set of cytokines involved in the innate acute inflammatory response? A. IL-2, IL-4, IL-5 B. IL-1, IL-10, IL-55 C. IL-1, IL-6, TNF alpha D. TNF alpha, IL-1, IL4 E. TNF beta, IL-3, IL-6 39. Which of the following are the major anaphylotoxins used to degranulate cells and recruit cells to the site of inflammatory? A. C5b and C5a B. C3b and C3a C. C3a and C5a D. C5b and C3a E. C3b and C5a 40. IFN-gamma is used to activate cytotoxic T-cells and macrophages. This is an example of which of the following? A. Redundancy B. Pleiotropy C. Synergy D. Antagonism

41. Cytokines signal the different cells of the immune system through which signaling pathway? A. G-protein receptor B. Tyrosine kinase receptor C. Diffusion D. Active transport E. JAK/STAT pathway 42. What is a component of the chemical innate system and not the mechanical innate immune system? A. Flushing body fluids B. Intact skin C. Cough reflex D. Interferon E. Mucous membranes 43. Which interferon is involved in the adaptive immune response? A. Interferon alpha B. Interferon beta C. Interferon gamma D. Interferon kappa E. Interferon delta 44. Which of the following completely describes natural killer cell activity? A. KAR on target cells bind to KAL on NK cells B. KAR on NK cells bind to MHC I molecules on target cells C. KIR on NK cells bind to KAL on target cells D. KAR on NK cells bind to KAL on target cells E. KAR, KAL, KIR, say what? 45. Pattern recognizing receptors (PRRs) on_________bind to_________? A. Macrophages and neutrophils/antigens B. Macrophages and neutrophils/PAMPs C. T-cells/antigens D. B-cells/antigens E. T-cells/PAMPs 46. Which cells are especially found in the mix of a chronic inflammatory response? A. Neutrophils and macrophages B. Mast cells and T-cells C. Eosinophils and macrophages D. Macrophages and T-cells E. T-cells and liver cells

47. Which interaction is of great importance in extravasation of leukocytes from the bloodstream to the tissue to do their job? A. LFA-1 on the immune cell and ICAM-1 on the endothelial cell B. LFA-1 on the endothelial cell and ICAM-1 on the immune cell C. E-selectin on the endothelial cell and Sialyl-Le on the immune cell D. E-selectin on the immune cell and Sialyl-Le on the endothelial cell E. LFA-1 on the immune cell and Sialyl-Le on the endothelial cell 48. Which component of the innate immune response is needed for the killing of intracellular pathogens? A. Cytotoxic T-cells and macrophages B. Cytotoxic T-cells C. Macrophages D. Natural killer cells and cytotoxic T-cells E. Natural killer cells 49. Which cell types of the innate immune response are important for extracellular pathogens? A. Macrophages and natural killer cells B. Neutrophils and T-cells C. Neutrophils and B-cells D. Eosinophils and neutrophils E. Natural killer cells and neutrophils 50. You will hear about antibodies throughout the entire semester and their very important role in the immune system. What role is that? Remember, choose the best answer. A. To destroy their targets B. To fix complement then destroy its target C. To activate other immune cells D. To opsonize targets, fix complement, neutralization E. Antibodythat thing that looks like a Y? 51. A patients blood sample is analyzed and is reported to have increased numbers of eosinophils. There has been no history of traveling outside the U.S. What would you suggest as a possible general diagnosis? A. Bacterial infection B. Parasitic infection C. Allergic reaction D. Viral infection E. Intracellular fungal infection 52. A patient has been diagnosed with the influenza virus. What cells of her adaptive immune system are working to combat the infection? A. NK cells B. Neutrophils

C. Dendritic cells D. Mast cells E. CTLs

Answers 1D 2C 3E 4C 5B 6C 7E 8C 9A 10 A 11 E 12 D 13 E 14 A 15 C 16 D 17 IgG 18 IgD 19 IgM 20 IgG/IgM

21 IgA 22 IgM 23 IgE 24 IgE 25 B 26 C 27 A 28 E 29 C 30 D 31 CD19 32 CD3 33 CD56 34 CD8 35 C 36 A 37 B 38 C 39 C 40 B

41 E 42 D 43 C 44 D 45 B 46 D 47 A 48 E 49 D 50. D 51. C 52. E