THE UNITED STATES

STRATEGIC BOMBING SURVEY

if

Tachikawa Aircraft Company

(Tachikawa Hikoki K K)

CORPORATION REPORT NO. X

(Airframes)

AIRCRAFT DIVISION
February 1947

THE UNITED STATES

STRATEGIC BOMBING SURVEY

Tachikawa Aircraft Company

(

Tachikawa Hikoki

K K)

CORPORATION REPORT NO. X

(Airframes)

AIRCRAFT DIVISION
Dates of Survey
20-24

November 1945

Date of Publication
February 1947

i*r3^

~'~J

U 1^

tfi

I.

WPERtNTENDEKT OF'OOC

APR.

1947

This report was written primarily for the use of the United States
Strategic

Bombing Survey

in the

preparation of further reports of a more

in this report

comprehensive nature. Any conclusions or opinions expressed

must be considered as limited

to the specific material covered

and as subject
by the

to further interpretation in the light of further studies conducted

Survey.

FOREWORD
The United States Strategic Bombing Survey was established by the Secretary of War on 3 November 1944, pursuant to a directive from the late President Roosevelt. Its mission was to conduct an impartial and expert study of the effects of our aerial attack on Germany, to be used in connection with air attacks on Japan and to establish a basis for evaluating the importance and potentialities of air power as an instrument of military strategy for planning the future development of the United States armed forces and for determining future economic policies with respect to the national defense. A summary report and some 200 supporting reports containing the findings of the Survey in Germany have been published.
In 15 August 1945. President Truman requested that the Survey conduct a similar study of the effects of all types of air attack in the war against Japan, submitting reports in duplicate to the Secretary of War and to the Secretary of the Navy. The officers of the Survey
civilians,

350

officers,

and 500

enli-sted

men. The

military segment of the organization was drawn from the Army to the extent of 60 percent, and
the

from the Navy to the extent of 40 percent. Both Army and the Navy gave the Survey all posassistance in furnishing men,
supplies,

sible

transport, and infoi-mation. The Survey operated from headquarters established in Tokyo
early in September 1945, with subheadquarters
in Nagoya, Osaka, Hiroshima, and Nagasaki, and with mobile teams operating in other parts of Japan, the islands of the Pacific, and the

Asiatic mainland.
It

was

possible to reconstruct

much

of war-

during

its

Japanese phase were

Franklin D'Olier, Chairman.

Paul H. Nitze, Henry C. Alexander, Vice Chairmen.
J.

Harry L. Bowman, Kenneth Galbraith,

Rensis Likert, Frank A. McNamee,
Jr.,

Fred Searls,

Jr.,

Monroe E. Spaght, Dr. Lewis R. Thompson,

Theodore P. Wright, Directors. Walter Wilds, Secretary.

The Survey's complement provided

for 300

time Japanese military planning and execution, engagement by engagement, and campaign by campaign, and to secure reasonably accurate statistics on Japan's economy and war production, plant by plant, and industry by industry. In addition, studies were conducted on Japan's over-all strategic plans and the background of her entry into the war, the internal discussions and negotiations leading to her acceptance of unconditional surrender, the course of health and morale among the civilian population, the effectiveness of the Japanese civilian defense organization, and the effects of the atomic bombs. Separate reports will be issued covering each phase of the study. The Survey interrogated more than 700 Japanese military, government, and industrial officials. It also recovered and translated many documents which not only have been useful to the Survey, but also will furnish data valuable for other studies. Arrangements have been made to turn over the Survey's files to the Central Intelligence Group, through which they will be available for further examination and distribution.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page

The Corporation and

Aircraft Industry

Its

Importance in the

The Air Attacks

Production Statistics

12

Evaluation of Preattack Intelligence

20

Appendices

A Tachikawa
B
C

Plant Layout

Facing page 22

Okayama Plant Layout Kofu Plant Layout

1929-40

23

Facing page 24

D Production
E
F

25

Bomb Plot of Attack 17 February 1945

1.

Facing page 26

Bomb Plot of Attack 4 April 1945

2.

Facing page 26

GBomb Plot of Attack 24 April 1945

H Damage
I

3.

Facing page 26 Facing page 26

Plot of IB Attack 2 August 1945

4.

Air Attack Defense Map Production

1941-45

5.

Facing page 26

.__

27

THE CORPORATION AND

Introduction

ITS

IMPORTANCE IN THE AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY

1944 produced approximately nine percent of Japanese aircraft, owned and operated three plants located at Tachikawa, Okayama and Kofu (Figure 1). (See insert on following page.) There was a total of about 3,600,000 sq. ft. of fioor space under roof, most of which was at Tachikawa, the third largest airframe plant in Japan.
in

The Tachikawa Aircraft kawa Hikoki K K), which

Co.,

Ltd.

(Tachi-

The company was founded in 1924. The first recorded production was one reconnaissance 88 in January 1929 in a small building on the southwest side of Tachikawa airfield. The rate of production on this plane varied from one to ten planes per month until mid-1932 when fighter 91 was added to bring total production in 1933 to 115. The relatively small size of the plant was shown by a total floor area in
1935 of 131,475
sq. ft.

During 1940, production had grown to 1,000 planes a year (Appendix D) This was after the great expansion program of that year, which added 1,650,280 sq. ft, to the plant area. Further additions brought the total area up to
.

3,131,800 sq.
Table

ft.
1

(Table 1).
Plan! Expansions

Tachikawa

Year

There was close contact with the MiUtary Aeronautical Division and later with the Aircraft Division of the Munitions Ministry. There

l-ij^ure

2. Organization

Chart, Tachikawa Aircraft Co., Ltd.

President

. Managing Director

Saburo Ando

Masago Asakawa
Tachikawa Plant
Takashi Fujimoto Moriyuki Nakagwa
Sigeo Kuriowa Toshio Kawasaki

no record of direct financial aid having been given to the corporation, but Director Fujimoto
is

Director Assistant

of the

Tachikawa plant stated that the governto

ment directed banks

of expansion.

make

loans for purposes

General Aflfairs Financial Labor Material Subcontractors Control

-

Nobuyoshi Masaki Kikuo Tsuchiya Takeshi Hashida

.....MinoruChiba

Okayama Plant
Organization and Operation
Director...-

.Kazuo Tsutsumi
Ryokichi Hitoshi Nakamura

Saburo Ando was the president of the Tachi-

Subdirector Production

kawa Aircraft
divisions
;

Co., Ltd.

the managing director.

Masago Asakwa was The company had three

;

Kofu Plant
Director Production..

Tachikawa,

directed

by

Takashi

Assistant.

Shiro Yoshiwara Shoji Nomura ..Motosuke Yoshiwada

Fujimoto; Okayama, directed by Kazuo Tsutsumi, and Kofu, directed by Shiro Koshiwara

(Figure 2). In the main, the Tachikawa plant

furnished the engineering and technical staffs
for the corporation.

The Sunagawa, or northern, section of Tachikawa was the assembly part of the plant. Here were set up the Oscar and Hickory production lines, and tooling up for Patsy was in process when the war ended (Figure 3). Oscar

EIHAUST PIPES SOB *SSMai.T

TflWIS

PUIMBWO SHOP

FVSL*5E tSSEIiaLr

OCPE SHOP

SUB assEMSL'

SHEtHCTaL SHOP
sscMBL.

swy

FiycwcsHOP

Soe

aSSEwBH

MJC" SHOP-STpTu MOUSE FWttL ASSEMBLY

FLfcrwg

su

^TJTpnw

S SXETIJETAt

5^

FWai. flSSe>WL'

CONSTRUCTION
S-CTECL

LEGEND

W WOOD CONSTRUCTDN
FUME
C ffEWOOCED CONCRETE

ST;;jlTtGiC SO*

TACMKAWA AIRCRAFT CO

704696472

assembly had four lines with 25 machines on each line. Ideal assembly time was 10 days but actual time was 10 to 14 days. Hickory had two lines with 10 machines on each line. Ideal assembly time was 10 days and actual time was 10 to 12 days. Two-line production for Patsy was planned with tooling undertaken,
final

basis 1

The Tachikawa plant went on a two-shift March 1944. The shifts were ten working hours with one rest hour each. The plant was inoperative from 0530 to 0730 each day.
That procedure affected 76 percent of the direct employees. At Kofu and Okayama, and at Tachikawa prior to 1 March 1944, the single shift 0800 to 1800, with a noon rest hour, was
used.

but never was put into effect. Okayama and Kofu were not developed beyond the "job shop"
stage.

Total number of employees expanded rapidly from 9,000 in January 1941 to the peak of 31,000 in May 1944. At that time 30,500 were at Tachikawa and 500 at the newly opened Oka-

At Tachikawa students and soldiers were used from April 1944 until August 1945. Their
peak employment was in January and February 1945 when 2,600 students and 150 soldiers were employed. The number of man-hours worked by direct
laborers at Tachikawa reached a maximum of 5,100,000 in April 1944 when men were being

Approximately 5,000 of those at Tachikawa were being trained for Okayama and Kofu production. At the close of production, August 1945, Tachikawa employed 13,750 (Figure 4); Okayama 3,280 (Figure 5), and Kofu 2,170 (Figure 6). The big drop at Tachikawa was due to the transfer of 10,000 workplant.

yama

trained for employment at

.

Okayama and Kofu

men

to subcontractors.

(Figure 7) Okayama actually was in operation at that time but only 120,000 man hours were worked that month. As man-hours decreased at Tachikawa they increased at Okayama, reaching a maximum of 607,000 in June 1945 (Fig-

32

30
28

2S

r"

ure 8). The number decreased to 2,410,000 at Tachikawa. Kofii, likewise, reached its maxi-

mum in June with approximately 350,000 manhours worked (Figure 9)

Map

reference (Figure 10)

some warehouses and

stroyed in the June 1945.

their contents

were deattack 29

Okayama urban area

kawa

In addition to the attacks reported by Tachithe Twentieth reported that on 13

AF

The Navy 17 February 1945 attack was conon Tachikawa's Sunagawa section and damaged 166,000 square feet of floor space (Appendix E). Oscar production was directly curtailed by this attack. About 40 percent of the wing spar jigs, 90 percent of the welding apparatus and 30 percent of the main wing assembly jigs were destroyed (Photos 1 and 2).
centrated

April 1945 a single B-29 dropped 10,500 pounds of HE bombs on the plant but Tachikawa had

no record of that incident.

figures quoted in this report are those reported by Tachikawa ofllcials. United States Strategic Bombing Survey report, "Eval-

The damage

Patsy production also received its death blow 17 February 1945 after a long struggle to get into operation. The wing and fuselage assembly building 106 was 40 percent destroyed and damage to jigs was variously estimated

uation of Photographic Interpretation, Japanese Homeland, Part 3, Indu.strial Analysis" (Photo Intelligence Unit, USSBS) contains additional findings from plant investiga.on.

Tachikawa oflicials reported there was no machine tool damage in any of the attacks. There were 237 casualties in all, 152 of them
fatalities.

from 30 to 80 percent. The Twentieth AF 4 April 1945 attack took place at 0310, using 500-lb. GP bombs which damaged 243,500 square feet of floor area, principally the sheet metal shop, building 110 (Pho-

Tachikawa plant had a well-devised air attack defense system. The plant was divided into five areas with general defense headquarters in the main ofl^ce building 201. Each division had
four subdivisions; watchers, fire fighters, rescue squads, and emergency repairs. Chief of the air attack defense was Fujimoto, the plant
director. The various plant departments were fu'lher organized to supply food, transportation and other defense necessities to the defense

and 4), and the machine shop and parts warehouses, building 104, in the north end of the Sunagawa section (Appendix F) The Patsy final assembly building 101 was 20 percent
tos 3
.

destroyed.

The Twentieth attack 24 April 1945 was the most destructive of the five attacks in the extent of floor area damaged. It likewise finally

AF

divisions of areas
less elaborate

(Appendix I). Similar but systems were set up at Okayama

Army that Tachikawa should be The attack completely destroyed the parts assembly building 103, and further damaged the wing assembly jigs. The remainder of machine shop building 104 also was destroyed, but the contents had been removed and the building was empty. Probably the most serious damage was the destruction of Oscar suba.ssembly building 103. Total damage on this attack amounted to 570,480 square feet of floor area (Appendix G). Results of the 10 July 1945 attack were negligible. On 2 August 1945 there evidently was a spillover from the Twentieth AF area attack because only IB's hit Tachikawa and about 50,000 square feet of floor area was burned. All the fires were controlled (appendix H).
convinced the
dispersed.

and Kofu.

Urban Area Attacks The urban area attacks did not interfere drastically with Tachikawa production, except at Okayama where warehouses storing Tachikawa materials were destroyed. Most of the workers lived close enough to the Tachikawa plant to escape the great Tokyo attacks. Production at Tachikawa began to decline late in 1944 as machines and workmen were removed to Okayama and Kofu, and while
destruction of subcontractors' factories affected

production to some degree

this interference.

it is

diflicult to deter-

mine how much the decline was accentuated by

^mmm
Photo

1.

Bomb d.imayc

to Buildint; 102,

Navy

Oscar winj; assembh structure, carrier-based attack.

lebruary, 1945,

Photo

2.

interior

ot

Oscar wing assenibl) structure, Building 102.

10

Photo

3.

Interior of sheet-metal shop. Building

110.

Photo
704696473

4.

Sheet-metal press

in

Building

10.

Note

blast walls.

11

Production

Statistics

Before 1941 Tachikawa had produced a total of 3,115 aircraft (Appendix D) of which 2,047 were trainers and 665 were reconnaissance planes. From 1 January 1941 to the end of the war, 6,645 planes were produced (Appendix J) Of these, 2,629 were Oscar fighters, 62 bombers, and 439 reconnaisance planes with the balance trainers and transports. Annual corporation orders and production were as follows
Year

300

Tachikawa attempted to put Patsy into production for 15 months without success. In early 1944 there was trouble with Patsy jig designs but in May 1944 one plan was accepted. It was
hoped that the skilled labor for Patsy assembly would be furnished from the Oscar and Hickory lines however, this transfer was not made be;

cause of the emphasis which the Oscar production.

Army

put o

The February and April 1945 attacks dan aged or destroyed 80 percent of the Pats wing and fuselage jigs and in June the engin model was changed from HA 43 Model 01 t HA 42 Model 11 (Figure 14).

REPORTX

AIRCRAFT

AIRCRAFT

TACHIKAWA

Production at

Okayama and Kofu was hardly beyond

Table 4

the planning stage (Table 4)

Okayama

and Kofu Production, November 1944-August 1945

MIS correctly estimated Thereafter, until September 1!)43, Tachikawa produced an average of 25 more of this type each quarter than MIS estimated. After the third quarter of 1943 MIS judged that Ida was replaced at Tachikawa
Until

mid-1942

Ida

i)roduction.

MIS was mistaken in believing that production continued through 1944 and into 1945. The trainers went out of production in early 1943 and the last Thelma had been completed in
March
1942.

by Ki-72, a plane which was never produced by the company.

production was estimated at 55 month by December 1944. Actual production that month was 35 and the average for

Hickory

per

had been 42. Production of the trainers and Ki-17 and the transport Thelma Spruce was correctly attributed to Tachikawa, but
the year

No reports of Okayama or Kofu production were made by MIS. It is probable the reason that Tachikawa was not seriously attacked until April 1945 after the Nakajima and Mitsubishi aircraft plants had been badly damaged and forced into dispersal, was the correct intelligence that, in spite of its size, Tachikawa represented less than 10 percent of Japanese aircraft production.

21

NO

LEGEND 1935 a Before

1940
1942

IMIJ

1943

TACHIKAWA PLANT
1924-1945

m.

1944
1945

a.

Q.

i-

r 01

01

JIentramcc

E3

wft^TwOUSE

TRaWSFOBMEB HOUSE

WAflEHCTjSE

TACHIKAWA AIRCRAFT CO.(KOFU PLANT)

App'Di SMI^F*I<
100

^
i

1944

1945

zoo

COMPRESSOR HOUSE
us STMTtttC
aowfliwc SuBvtl

TACHXAM

AIRCRAFT CO
APPENDIlt

APPENDIX D
Airframe Production per Type, 192940

Year

a.

OESCiHIPTlON

or

DESCRIPTION

EXHAUST PIPES SUB ASSEMBLY TANKS PLUMBING SHOP \flJiCHINE SHOP

FUSELAGE ASSEMBLY

MACHINE SHOP

ASSEMBLY SHOP
FABRIC SHOP

SUB ASSEMBLY
SHEET METAL SHOP

ASSEMBLY SHOP
FINISH

SHOP

WELDING SHOP FORGING SHOP

SUB.

ASSEMBLY

TECHNICAL DEPT
FINAL

ASSEMBLY

SUB ASSEMBLY PART ASSEMBLY MACM SHOP-STOCK HOUSE

FINAL
SUB.

ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY

ELECTRIC SUB STATION

SHEET METAL SHOP

STOCK HOUSE
FINAL

ASSEMBLY SUB ASSEMBLY

FORGING JIGS .,
FIRE

DAMAGE

PLATIN G SHOP

WOOD_P&TTERN
I I

PREVIOUS

DAMAGE
ELECT TRANSFORMER
STA.

CONSTRUCTION
S--

LEGEND

W= WOOD CONSTRUCTION

STEEL FRAME

C=REWFORCED CONCRETE
M'LEB noou {BUILOING OWLt

**>"

I 1

fiOOM W COMTflESSCn,(BULOINfl ONLY STATION ELECTHIC 9uB

TACHIKAWA PLANT
RAID AUG.
2,

ooMPBEsaoa. joo mp WUFft9soR_ 100 HP SHEET MEIL STOCK HOUSE "*" ILASOUREH OINING ROOM

1945
US
ST RflTEGIC B0M9ING SURVEY
_

5* fiwL wsE-siy
L.-AL*'^* SE*l8Uf

"1

Err

f bomb

>

ONLY SMALL

TACHIKAWA AIRCRAFT CO.

APPENDIX H

OeSCRIPTION
1

SYMBOL LEGEND

AIR

DIVISION

DEFENSE HQDS HEADQUARTERS

TEL LINE TO HO

v/uw DIRECT

AIR

ATTACK DEFENSE MAP

(

TACHIKAWA)

2
e2

<
^

s z

5 t ^ ^ <

Q K

eo 'H

t^

o S
S
I

fe.""
cc

ta

PL,

22

3 c

u 3 C O

U
X Q Z
a-

<

Oi CI to
Cl'

u
p

c o

Q <
Oh Ph

UNITED STATES STRATEGIC BOMBING SURVEY

LIST

OF REPORTS
21

following list of studies is a bibliography of comreports resulting from the German survey, ;ed sorts numbers 1, 2, and 3 can be purchased from Superintendent of Documents, Government Print'he
Office,

Vereinigte

Deutsche

Metallwerke,

Hildesheim,

Germany
22 23

Washington, D.

C.

Aluminumwerk G Germany

Metallgussgesellschaft G m b H, Leipzig, Germany m b H, Plant No. 2, Bitterfeld,

24

Gebrueder Giulini

GmbH,
m

Ludwigshafen, Ger-

EUROPEAN WAR
OFFICE OF THE

many
25

CHAIRMAN
26 27
28 29 30

Luftschiifbau Zeppelin G on Bodensee, Germany

b H, Friedrichshafen

The United States Strategic Bombing Survey: Summary Report (European War) The United States Strategic Bombing Survey: Over-all Report (European War) The Effects of Strategic Bombing on the German War Economy

Wieland Werke A G, Ulm, Germany Rudolph Rautenbach Leichtmetallgiessereien, Solingen,

Germany

Lippewerke Vereinigte Aluminiuniwerke A G, Lunen, Germany Vereinigte Deutsche Metallwerke, Heddernheim,

Germany
Duerener Metallwerke A G, Duren Wittenau-Berlin & Waren, Germany

AIRCRAFT DIVISION
I

(By Division and Branch) Aircraft Division Industry Report

Inspection
Visits
to

Various

Targets

(Special

31 32 33 34

AREA STUDIES DIVISION Area Studies Division Report

Report)
Airframes Branch
3

A
A A

Detailed Study of the Effects of Area

Bombing Bombing

on

Hamburg

Detailed Study of the Effects of Area

Junkers Aircraft and Aero Engine Works, Dessau,

on Wuppertal
Detailed Study of the Effects of Area Bombing on Dusseldorf A Detailed Study of the Effects of Area Bombing on Solingen A Detailed Study of the Effects of Area Bombing on Remscheid A Detailed Study of the Effects of Area Bombing on Darmstadt A Detailed Study of the Effects of Area Bombing on Lubeck A Brief Study of the Effects of Area Bombing on Berlin, Augsburg, Bochuni; Leipzig, Hagen, Dortmund, Oberhausen, Schweinfurt, and Bremen

Germany
7

Erla

Maschinenwerke

G m

H,

Heiterblick,

Germany T G Maschinenbau, G Germany

35

mb

H, Leipzig (Mockau),
36
37

3 3

Gothaer Waggonfabrik, A G, Gotha, Germany Focke Wulf Aircraft Plant, Bremen, Germany \ Over-all Report ' Part A Messerschmitt AG, Augsburg, Germany ?Part B 1 Appendices I, II, III
Dornier Works, Friedrichshafen

38
39

&

Munich, Ger-

many
3

Gerhard Fieseler Werke G m b H, Kassel, Germany Wiener Neustaedter Flugzeugwerke, Wiener Neustadt,

CIVILIAN DEFENSE DIVISION

40
41

Civilian Defense Division

Final Report
I,

Austria
Aero Engines Branch

42

Bussing

NAG

Flugmotorenwerke

GmbH,
m

Bruns-

43 44 45 46 47

Cologne Field Report Bonn Field Report Hanover Field Report

Hamburg

Field

Report Vol.

Text;

Vol.

II,

wick, Germany Mittel-Deutsche Motorenwerke

b H, Taucha,

Exhibits Bad Oldesloe Field Report

Germany
7

Bavarian Motorworks,

Inc.,

Eisenach

&

Durrenhof,

Augsburg Field Report Reception Areas in Bavaria, Germany

Germany
8

Bayerische Motorenwerke

A G (BMW),

EQUIPMENT DIVISION
Munich,
48 49
Electrical

Branch

Germany
9

Henschel Flugmotorenwerke, Kassel, Germany

Light Metal Branch

German Electrical Equipment Industry Report Brown Boveri et Cie, Mannheim Kafertal, Germany
Optical and Precision Instrument Branch Optical and Precision Instrument Industry Report

iO

Light Metals Industry (Part of Germany I Part

I,

II,

Aluminum Magnesium

50

33

^i
Abrasives Branch

51

52

The German Abrasive Industry Mayer and Schmidt, Offenbach on Main, Germany
Anti-Friction Branch

88 89 90
91

Volkswagenwerke, Fallersleben, Germany Bussing NAG, Brunswick, Germany Muehlenbau Industrie A G (Miag) Brunsw
Friedrich

53

The (k'rman Anti-Friction Bearings Industry

Machine Tools Branch

Germany Krupp Grusonwerke, Magdeburg,

Submarine Branch

many
92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100

54 55 56 57 58

Machine Tools & Machinery as Capital Equipment Machine Tool Industry in Germany

German Submarine Industry Report

Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nurnberg
burg,

G, Ai

Germany Collet and Engelhard, Offenbach, Germany Naxos Union. Frankfort on Main, Germany

Herman Kolb

Co., Cologne,

Germany

Blohm and Voss Shipyards, Hamburg, German: Deutschewerke A G, Kiel, Germany

Deutsche Schiff und Maschinenbau, Bremen, G

59
(iO

MILITARY ANALYSIS DIVISION of the German Air Force V-Weapons (Crossbow) Campaign
The Defeat
Air Force Rate of Operation Weather Factors in Combat Bombardment Operations in the European Theatre Bombing Accuracy, USAAF Heavy and Medium

many
Krupp Germaniawerft, Kiel, German Howaldtswerke A G, Hamburg, Germany Submarine Assembly Shelter, Farge, Germany Bremer Vulkan, Vegesack, Germany
Friedrich

Gl

62
6.3

64

Bombers in the ETO Description of RAF Bombing

Ordnance Branch
101

64a The impact of the Allied Air Effort on

Logistics

Germah

102 103 104 105 106

107 108

MORALE DIVISION
64b The Effects of Strategic Bombing on German Morale (Vol. 1 and Vol. II) Medical Branch 65 The Effect of Bombing on Health and Medical Care
in

Germany

MUNITIONS DIVISION
66

A G, Magdebu Germany Bochumer Verein fuer Gusstahlfabrikation A Bochum, Germany Henschel and Sohn, Kassel, Germany Rheinmetall-Borsig, Dusseldorf, Germany Hermann Goering Werke, Braunschweig, Hall dorf, Germany Hannoverische Maschinenbau, Hanover, Germs
Gusstahlfabrik Friedrich Krupp, Essen, Gei-ma

Ordnance Industry Report Friedrich Krupp Grusonwerke

67 68 69 70
71

Heavy Industr)' Branch The Coking Industry Report of Germany Coking Plant Report No. 1, Sections A, B, C, & D Gutehoffnungshuette, Oberhausen, Germany Friedrich-Alfred Hutte, Rheinhausen, Germany Neunkirchen Eisenwerke A G, Neunkirchen, Ger-

OIL DIVISION
109 110 111
Oil Division Final

Report

Oil Division Final Report,

Appendix

Powder,

Explosives, Special Rockets and , Propellants, War Gases and Smoke Acid (M;

many
Reichswerke Hermann Goering

isterial

Report #1)
in

G, Hallendorf,

112
113

Underground and Dispersal Plants

Greater G(

Germany
72 73
74 75 76

August Thyssen Huette A G, Hamborn, Germany Friedrich Krupp A G, Borbeck Plant, Essen, Ger-

many The German Team 78

Oil

Industry,

Ministerial

Repc

many
Dortmund Hoei'der Huettenverein A G, Dortmund, Germany Hoesch A G, Dortmund, Germany Bochumer Verein fuer Gusstahlfabrikation A G, Eochum, Germany
Motor Vehicles and Tanks Branch
77
78

114

Ministerial Report on Chemicals

Oil Branch

115 116

Ammoniak werke Merseburg G many 2 appendices

b H, Leuna, Ge

Braunkohle Benzin

G, Zeitz

and Bohlen, Ge

many
Wintershall
117
trie

G, Luetzkendorf,

Germany
I

79 80
81

German Motor Vehicles Industry Report Tank Industry Report Daimler Benz A G, Unterturkheim, Germany
Renault Motor Vehicles Plant, Billancourt, Paris Adam Opel, Russelheim, Germany Daimler Benz-Gaggenau Works, Gaggenau, Ger-

Ludwigshafen-Oppau Works of

G Farbenindu

G, Ludwigshafen,

Gennany

118

119 120
121

Ruhroel Hydrogenation Plant, Bottrop-Boy, Ge many. Vol I, Vol II Rhenania Ossag Mineraloelwerke A G, Harbui
Refinery,
Refinery,

82
83

Hamburg, Germany

many
Maschinenfabiik Augsburg-Nurnberg, Nurnberg,

Rhenania Ossag Mineraloelwerke

G, Grassbrot

Hamburg, Germany

Germany
84 85 86 87

Auto Union A G, Chemnitz and Zwickau, Germany Henschel and Sohn, Ka.ssel, Germany Maybach Motor Works, Friedrichshafen, Germany
Voigtlander Maschinenfabrik

122
123

Rhenania Ossag Mineraloelwerke A G, Wilhelm burg Refinery, Hamburg, Germany Gewerkschaft Victor, Castrop-Rauxel, German
Vol I & Vol II Europaeische Tanklager und Transport
burg,

G, Plauen, Ger-

many

G,

Har

Germany

34


Ebano Asphalt Werke A G, Harburg Refinery, Hamburg:, Germany
Meerbeck
Vol
I

IGO 161

&

Rheinpreussen Vol II

Synthetic

Oil

Plant

162
16.3 ir.4

Gustloff-Werke Weimar, Weimar, Germany Kassel, Germany Henschel and Sohn Area Survey at Pirmasens, Germany Hanomag, Hanover, Germany

GmbH,

MAN Werke Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany

many

Rubber Branch

Deutsche Dunlop

Gummi

Co.,

Hanau on Main,

165 166 167 168 169

Friedrich Krupp A G, Essen, Germany Erla Maschinenwerke, G m b H, Heiterblick, Ger-

Germany
Continental Gunimiwerke, Hanover, Germany

A T G

Maschinenbau G

b H, Mockau,

Germany

Huels Synthetic Rubber Plant Ministerial Report on German Rubber Industry

Propellants Branch

170
171

Mockau, Germany Erla Maschinenwerke Bayerischa Motorenwerke DurrerTioff, Germany Mittel-Deutsche Motorenwerke G m b H, Taucha,

GmbH,

Germany
Submarine Pens Deutsche-Werft, Hamburg, Ger-

Elektro Cheniischewerke, Munich, Germany Schoenebeck Explosive Plant, Lignose Sprengstoff b H, Bad Salzemen, Germany Werke G Plants of Dynamit A G, Vormal, Alfred Nobel &

many
172
173 174 175 Multi-Storied Structures,

Hamburg, Germany

Co, Troisdorf, Clausthal,

Drummel and DuneKraiburg, Ger-

berg,

Germany

Deutsche Sprengchemie

GmbH,

176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199

Continental Gunimiwerke, Hanover, Germany Kassel Marshalling Yards, Kassel, Germany Ammoniskwerke, Mersburg-leuna, Germany Brown Boveri et Cie, Mannheim, Kafertal, Ger-

many
OVER-ALL ECONOMIC EFFECTS DIVISION
Over-all Economic Effects Division Report

many Adam Opel A

G, Russelheim,

Germany

jS pecial papers Gross National Product which together - ' Kriegs Eil Berichte / comprise the Herman Goering Works above report Food and Agricultui-e y Industrial Sales Output and Productivity
_

PHYSICAL DAMAGE DIVISION Physical Damage Division Report (ETO)

Villaeoublay Airdrome, Railroad Repair Yards, Railroad Repair Yards, Railroad Repair Yards,

Daimler-Benz A G, Unterturkheim, Germany Valentin Submarine Assembly, Farge, Germany Volkswaggonwerke, Fallersleben, Germany Railway Viaduct at Bielefeld, Germany Ship Yards Howaldtswerke, Hamburg, Germany Blohm and Voss Shipyards, Hamburg, Germany Daimler-Benz A G, Mannheim, Germany Synthetic Oil Plant, Meerbeck-Hamburg, Germany Gewerkschaft Victor, Castrop-Rauzel, Germany Klockner Humblolt Deutz, Ulm, Germany Ruhroel Hydrogenation Plant, Bettrop-Boy, Ger-

France Malines, Belgium Louvain Belgium Hasselt, Belgium Railroad Repair Yards, Namur, Belgium Submarine Pens, Brest, France Powder Plant, Angouleme, France Powder Plant, Bergerac, France Coking Plants, Montigny & Liege-Belgium Fort St. Blaise Verdun Group, Metz, France Gnome et Rhone, Limoges, France Michelin Tire Factory, Clermont-Ferrand, France Gnome et Rhone Aero Engine Factory, Le Mans, France Kugelfisher Bearing Ball Plant, Ebelspach, GerParis,

many
Neukirchen Eisenwerke

G,

Neukirchen, Ger-

many
Railway Viaduct at Altenbecken, Germany Railway Viaduct at Arnsburg, Germany Deurag-Nerag Refineries, Misburg, Germany Fire Raids on German Cities I G Farbenindustrie, Ludwigshafen, Germany, Vol
I

&

Vol

II

Roundhouse
I

in

Marshalling Yard, Ulm, Germany

Farbenindustrie, Leverkusen, Germany Chemische-Werke, Huels, Germany

Gremberg Marshalling Yard, Gremberg, Germany Locomotive Shops and Bridges at Hamm, Germany

many
Louis Breguet Aircraft Plant, Toulouse, France S. N. C. A. S. E. Aircraft Plant, Toulouse, France A. I. A. Aircraft Plant, Toulouse, France
200 201 202
203 204

TRANSPORTATION DIVISION
Transportation Division Report Rail Operations Over the Brenner Pass Effects of Bombing on Railroad Installations in Regensburg, Nurnberg and Munich Divisions German Locomotive Industry During the War Wehrmacht Traffiic Over the Gei-man Railroads

V Weapons

in

London

City Area of Krefeld Public Air Raid Shelters in Germany Goldenberg Thermal Electric Power Station,

Knapsack, Germany Brauweiler Transformer & Switching Station, Brauweiler, Germany Storage Depot, Nahbollenbach, Germany Railway and Road Bridge, Bad Munster, Germany

UTILITIES DIVISION

Railway Bridge,

Eller,

Germany

205 206 207 208

German

Electric Utilities Industry Report 1 to 10 in Vol I "Utilities Division Plant Reports" 11 to 20 in Vol II "Utilities Division Plant Reports"

21 Rheinische-Westfalische Elektrizitatswerk

AG

35

PACIFIC
OFFICE OF THE
1

WAR
CHAIRMAN
War)
the

21

Sumitomo Metal

Industries, Propeller Divisio

Corporation Report No. VI

Seizosho)

(Sumitomo Kinzoku Kogyo KK, Pui

(Propellers)

Summary Report
The

(Pacific

2 3

Japan's Struggle to

End

War

Effects of Atomic

Bombs on Hiroshima and

22

Nagasaki

CIVILIAN STUDIES
23
Civilian Defense Divisio n

Hitachi Aircraft Company Corporation Report No. VII (Hitachi Kokuki KK) (Airframes & Engines)

Japan International Air

Industries, Ltd.

Corporation Report No. VIII

Protection and

Raid Field Report Covering Air Allied Subjects, Tokyo, Japan

Field Report Covering Air Allied Subjects, Nagasaki,

Raid Protection and Raid Protection and

24

Japan

Field Report Covering Air Allied Subjects, Kyoto, Japan

(Nippon Kokusai Koku Kogyo KK) (Airframes) Japan Musical Instrument Manufacturing C Corporation Report No. IX (Nippon Gakki Seizo KK)
(Propellers)

8
9

10
11

Protection and Field Report Covering Air Raid Allied Subjects, Kobe, Japan Protection and Field Report Covering Air Raid Allied Subjects, Osaka, Japan Protection and Field Report Covering Air Raid No. 1 Allied Subjects, Hiroshima, Japan Covering Air Raid Protection Summary Report

25

Tachikawa Aircraft Company

Corporation Report No. (Tachikawa Hikoki (Airframes) Fuji Airplane Company Corporation Report No.
(Fuji Hikoki

X
KK)

26

XI

KK)

and Allied Subjects in Japan and Final Report Covering Air Raid Protection
Allied Subjects in

(Airframes)
27

Showa Airplane Company

Corporation Report No. XII (Showa Hikoki Kogyo KK) (Airframes) Ishikawajima Aircraft Industries Company, Corporation Report No. XIII

Japan

Medical Division

12
13

The

Bombing on Health and Medical Services in Japan The Effects of Atomic Bombs on Health and MedEffects of
ical Services in

28

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Strategic

Morale Division
14

The Effects
Morale

of

Bombing on Japanese

ECONOMIC STUDIES
Aircraft Division

15 16

The Japanese Aircraft Industry Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Corporation Report No. I (Mitsubishi Jukogyo KK) (Airframes & Engines)

17

Nakajima Aircraft Company,

Ltd.

Corporation Report No. II Hikoki KK) ( (Nakajima (Airframes & Engines)

18

Kawanishi Aircraft Company

Corporation Report No. Ill (Kawanishi Kokuki Kabushiki Kaisha)

(Airframes)
19

Kawasaki Aircraft Industries Company,

Corporation Report No. IV

Inc.

(Kawasaki Kokuki Kogyo Babushiki

Kaisha) (Airframes
20

(Ishikawajima Koku Kogyo Kabus Kaisha) (Engines) 29 Nippon Airplane Company Corporation Report No. XIV (Nippon Hikoki KK) (Airframes) 30 Kyushu Airplane Company Corporation Report No. XV (Kyushu Hikoki KK) (Airframes) Shoda Engineering Company 31 Corporation Report No. XVI (Shoda Seisakujo) (Components) Mitaka Aircraft Industries 32 Corporation Report No. XVII (Mitaka Koku Kogyo Kabushiki K (Components) Nissan Automobile Company 33 Corporation Report No. XVIII (Nissan Jidosha KK) (Engines) 34 Army Air Arsenal & Navy Air Depots Corporation Report No. XIX (Airframes and Engines)
35

&

Engines)

Japan Aircraft Underground

Report No.

Aichi Aircraft Company Corporation Report No. V (Aichi Kokuki KK)

XX
in

Basic Materials Division

(Airframes

&

Engines)

36

Coal and Metals

Japan's

War Economy

36

67 68 69

jital

Goods, Equipment and Construction Division

Air Operations in China, Burma, India

World

?he Japanese Construction Industry

War

II

apanese Electrical Equipment pe Japanese Machine Building IndustryElectric

Power Division
of

The Electric The Electric

Power Industry Power Industry

Japan

70
71

of -Japan (Plant Re-

The Air Transport Command in the War Against Japan The Thirteenth Air Force in the War Against Japan The Seventh and Eleventh Air Forces in the War Against Japan The Fifth Air Force in the War Against Japan
Naval Analysis Division

ports)
Vlanpower, Food and Civilian Supplies Division The Japanese Wartime Standard of Living
Utilization of

and

72
73 74 75 76 77 78

Manpower

Military Supplies Division

jiapanese

War

Production Industries

Japanese Naval Ordnance lapanese Army Ordnance Japanese Naval Shipbuilding Japanese Motor Vehicle Industry Japanese Merchant Shipbuilding
Oil and Chemical Division

The Interrogations of Japanese Officials (Vols. I and II) Campaigns of the Pacific War The Reduction of Wake Island The Allied Campaign Against Rabaul The American Campaign Against Wotje, Maloelap,
Mille,

and Jaluit (Vols.

I,

II

and

III)

79

The Reduction of Truk The Offensive Mine Laying Campaign Against Japan Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party Foreword, Introduction, Conclusions, and General

Chemicals in Japan's War Chemicals in Japan's War Appendix Oil in Japan's War Oil in Japan's War Appendix

Summary

80
81 82
8.3

Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (EnClosure A), Kamaishi Area Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure

Hamamatsu Area
Area

Over-All Economic Effects Division

Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure C), Hitachi

The Effects

of Strategic

Bombing on Japan's War

Economy (Including Appendix A: U. S. EconomAnalysis and Compariic Intelligence on Japan son Appendix B Gross National Product on Japan and Its Components; Appendix C: Statis-

84

tical

Sources)
Transportation Division

85
86

Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure D), Hakodate Area Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure E), Muroran Area Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure F),

Shimzu Area

The War Against Japanese Transportation, 19411945

Urban Areas Division

Effects of Air Attack on Japanese

87

Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosures G and H), Shionomi-Saki and NojimaSaki Areas Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure I), Comments and Data on Effectiveness
of

Urban Economy
88

Ammunition

(Summary Report)
Urban Complex TokyoKawasaki- Yokohama Effects of Air Attack on City of Nagoya Effects of Air Attack on Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto Effects of Air Attack on City of Nagasaki Effects of Air Attack on the City of Hiroshima
Effects of Air Attack on

Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure J), Comments and Data on Accuracy of
Firing Reports of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure K) Effects of Surface Bombardments on Japanese War Potential
,

89

MILITARY STUDIES
90
Military Analysis Division

Physical

Damage

Division

Effect of the Incendiary

Bomb

Attacks on Japan

(a Report on Eight Cities)

Air Forces Allied with the United States in the War Against Japan Japanese Air Power Japanese Air Weapons and Tactics The Effect of Air Action on Japanese Ground Army
Logistics

91

The

92 93 94 95

Employment of

Foi'ces

Under the Southwest

Pacific

Command
The Strategic Air Operations of Very Heavy Bombbardment in the War Against Japan (Twentieth
Air Force)
96

Effects of the Ten Thousand Pound Bomb on Japanese Targets (a Report on Nine Incidents) Effects of the Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima, Japan Effects of the Atomic Bomb on Nagasaki, Japan Effects of the Four Thousand Pound Bomb on Japanese Targets (a Report on Five Incidents) Effects of Two Thousand, One Thousand, and Five Hundred Pound Bombs on Japanese Targets (a Report on Eight Incidents) A Report on Physical Damage in Japan (Summary Report)

37

G-2 Division

103

97
as

99
100

Japanese M ilitary and Naval Intelligence Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland, Part I, Comprehensive Report Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland, Part II, Airfields Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland, Part III, Computed Bomb
Plotting
!

Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in th Japanese Homeland, Part VI, Shipping

Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in tb Japanese Homeland, Part VII, Electronics Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in thi Japanese Homeland, Part VIII, Beach hitelli gence Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in Japanese Homeland, Part IX, Artillery
thi

104

105

106

101

102

Evaluation of Photographic Japanese Homeland, Part Analysis Evaluation of Photographic Japanese Homeland, Part V,

Intelligence

in

the

107

IV,

Urban

Area
in

Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland, Part X, Roads ayid Rail roads Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in \ jth< Japanese Homeland, Part XI, Industrial Ana Ish
i! U. S.

Intelligence

the

108

Camouflage

GOVERNMENT PRINTING

OFFICE: 1947704696

38