bi tp v phng trnh,h phng trnh

Bi 1. Gii cc phng trnh sau:

a) 2 5 0 x ; b) 2 5 0 x ; c) 2 5 0 x + ; d) 4 8 0 x + ;
e)
3
5 0
4
x ; g)
1 2
0
3 5
x ; h)
3
4 0
4
x + ; i)
7
3 0
3
x ;
k)
2( 5) 4 0 x +
; l)
2( 5) 5 0 x
; m)
(2 5) 10 0 x + +
; n) 8 0 x + .
Bi 2. Gii cc phng trnh sau:
a)
3( 2) 5(1 2 ) 8; x x +
b)
4 2 2 1 5
3 2 4
x x +
.
c)
1 5 1 3 1
( 4) ;
2 4 3 2
x
x x

+ d)
2 3 5
4 3
x x +
.
e)
4 6 5 7 3 2
;
6 8 12
x x x +
g)
4 3 2 7 6 13
8 6 16
x x x +
.
h)
2 2
(3 5) (3 2) x x + ; i)
2 2
4 (2 5) 0 x x + .
k)
4 7 3 2
5 15 30
x x x +
; l)
4(2 5) 3(4 3 ) 0 x x
.
Bi 3. Gii cc phng trnh sau:
a)
22
3(2 4) 4(1 2 ) 5 6, ( : ).
19
x x x KQ x +
b)
2( 1) 4(3 2 ) 8 0, ( : 1). x x KQ x + +
c)
1 5 1 101
( 3) ( 4) 0, ( : ).
2 3 4 14
x x KQ x +
d)
3 4 5( 3) 1 204
, ( : ).
2 3 5 5
x x
KQ x
+

e)
2 5 1 2 2
, ( : ).
4 3 23
x x
KQ x
+

g)
1 4 5 1 6
0, ( : ).
4 3 2 6 11
x x KQ x
_ _
+

, ,
h)
9 15 7 6 153 51
4, ( : ).
3 5 24 8
x x
KQ x
+

Bi 4. Gii cc h phng trnh sau (bng 3 phng php: Cng, Th, nh thc):
a)
2 7
2 11
x y
x y

'
+

b)
4 3 2
5 12
x y
x y

'
+

c)
5 2 9
2 3 6
x y
x y
+

'
+

d)
2 4 13
6 12 21
x y
x y
+

'

e)
2 5 1
4 10 2
x y
x y
+

'

g)
2 3 8
7 15
x y
x y
+

'
+

h)
2 7 12
4 5 2
x y
x y

'

i)
2 13 8
5 7 15
x y
x y

'
+

k)
3 5
2
2 4
3
x y
x y

'

l)
5 4
6
1 2
2 3
7
1 2
x y
x y

'

m)
4 5 6 15
3 2 10
2 3 3
x y z
x y z
x y z
+

+
'

n)
3 7 8 55
2 4 10
5 3 25
x y z
x y z
x y z
+

'

.
Bi 5. Gii cc phng trnh bc hai sau:
ThanhHuongIT 1
bi tp v phng trnh,h phng trnh
a)
2
2 6 0 x x +
; b)
2
3 5 2 0 x x +
; c)
2
16 24 9 0 x x +
;
d)
2
4 20 25 0 x x +
; e)
2
5 8 12 0 x x +
; g)
2
7 28 0 x +
;
h)
2
8 15 0 x x
; i)
2
3 2 7 0 x x + +
; k)
2
2 15 9 0 x x +
.
Bi 6. Xt du cc biu thc sau:
a)
( ) 3 5 f x x +
; b)
( ) 5 10 f x x +
; c)
( ) (2 3)(5 4 ) f x x x
;
d)
( ) ( 3)(1 4 )(2 5) f x x x x + +
; e)
4 3
( )
(2 8)(2 5 )
x
f x
x x

+
; g)
( 3)(4 2 )
( )
3 6
x x
f x
x

.
Bi 7. Gii cc bt phng trnh sau:
a) 4 6 0 x > ; b) 3 9 0 x + ; c)
( 2 4)(3 9) 0 x x +
;
d)
(5 )(2 4) 0 x x + >
; e)
7 9
0
( 3)(2 5 )
x
x x
+

; g)
( 2)(3 4 )
0
5 2
x x
x
+

.
Bi 8. Xt du cc biu thc sau:
a)
( ) 3 5 f x x +
; b)
( ) 5 10 f x x +
; c)
( ) (2 3)(5 4 ) f x x x
;
d)
( ) ( 3)(1 4 )(2 5) f x x x x + +
; e)
4 3
( )
(2 8)(2 5 )
x
f x
x x

+
; g)
( 3)(4 2 )
( )
3 6
x x
f x
x

.
Bi 9. Gii cc bt phng trnh sau:
a) 4 6 0 x > ; b) 3 9 0 x + ; c)
( 2 4)(3 9) 0 x x +
;
d)
(5 )(2 4) 0 x x + >
; e)
7 9
0
( 3)(2 5 )
x
x x
+

; g)
( 2)(3 4 )
0
5 2
x x
x
+

.
Bi 10. Xt du cc biu thc sau:
a)
2
( ) 4 7 8 f x x x + ; b)
2
( ) 6 7 10 f x x x ; c)
2
( ) 9 f x x + ;
d)
2
( ) 3 5 8 f x x x + ; e)
2
( ) 2 6 f x x x + + ; g)
2
( ) ( 4)( 9) f x x x + ;
h)
2
( ) 4 4 1 f x x x + + ; i)
2
( ) 16 24 9 f x x x + ; k)
2
( ) 5 10 21 f x x x + ;
l)
2
( ) (4 2 )( 6) f x x x x ; m)
3
( ) 4 f x x x ;
n)
2 2
2
( 3 2)(4 )
( )
4 3
x x x x
f x
x x
+

+ +
.
Bi 11. Gii cc bt phng trnh sau:
a)
2
3 5 2 0 x x +
; b)
2
6 0 x x +
; c)
2
3 4 0 x x + <
;
d)
2
(3 1)( 4 3) 0 x x x + + ; e)
2 2
(4 )(2 6) 0 x x x x ; g)
2
2
5 4
0
6 5 1
x x
x x

+ +
;
h)
2
2
1
0
3 5 2
x x
x x
+ +

+
; i)
2
2
4 7 3
0
(2 3 )( 4)
x x
x x
+

; k)
2
2
9
0
( 1)(2 )
x
x x x

+
;
l)
2
(4 2 )( 6) 0 x x x ; m)
3
4 0 x x
; n)
2 2
2
( 3 2)(4 )
0
4 3
x x x x
x x
+

+ +
.
h)
2
4 4 1 0 x x + + <
; i)
2
16 24 9 0 x x +
; k)
2
5 10 21 0 x x + >
;
d)
2
3 5 8 0 x x +
; e)
2
2 6 0 x x + +
; g)
2
( 4)( 9) 0 x x + .
A.Ph ng trnh bc nht ,bc 2
1.Gii v bin lun ph ng trnh bc dng ax+b=0
B c 1 : Xt a=0 : Nu b#0 th phng trnh v nghim
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bi tp v phng trnh,h phng trnh
Nu b=0 th phng trnh nghim ng vi mi
x
B c 2 : Nu a#0 : Phng trnh c 1 nghim duy nht x= -b/a
2. Gii v bin lun ph ng trnh bc hai ax
2
+bx +c=0
B c 1 : Tnh ac b 4
2
( Hoc ( ) ac b
2
' '
)
B c 2 : Xt du ( hoc du
'
)
Nu >0 : Phng trnh c 2 nghim phn bit:
a
b
x
2
2 , 1
+

Nu =0 :Phng trnh c nghim kp x=

a
b
2

Nu<0 : Phng trnh v nghim.

3. nh l vit: Nu phng trnh ax
2
+bx+c=0 c 2 nghim phn
bit x
1
,x
2
th:
Ta c x
1
+x
2
=
a
b
x
1
+x
2
=
a
c
Ngc li: Nu c 2 s u,v tha mn u+v=S u.v=P th u,v l 2
nghim ca phng trnh: x
2
-Sx+P=0
Bi 1: Gii cc ph ng trnh bc 2 sau:
a) 7x
2
-5x=0 b) 3,4x
2
+8,2x=0 c) 5 x
2
-20=0
d) -3 x
2
+15=0 e) (x-3)
2
=4 f) 2 x
2
-2 2
x+1=0
g)7x
2
-9x+2=0 h) 5x
2
+2x-16=0 i) x
2
-6x+9=0
k)3x
2
-2x+4=0 l)
2
1
x
2
-3x+2=0 m) (2- 3 )x
2
+4x+2+ 3 =0
Bi 2: Gii cc ph ng trnh a v bc 2:
a) (x+2)
2
-3x-5=(1-x)(1+x) e)
( )( ) 4 2
8 8
4 2
2
+
+

x x
x
x
x
x
x
b)
2
5 4
3
1 3 2
2

+
+ x
x
x x
f)
1
25
3
5
7
5
5
2
+

+
+

+
x
x
x x
x

c)
1
17
1
1 9
2 3 4
2
+ + +

+
x x x x
x x
g)(x-1)
3
+2x=x
3
-x
2
-2x+1
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bi tp v phng trnh,h phng trnh
d)
1
1
8
1
12

x x
h)
3
1
30
3
16

+
x x
Bi 3: Gii v bin lun ph ng trnh sau:
a)
m(3x-2)= 4x+5 c) m
2
x-9=9x-3m
b)
7m(x-5)=10-2x d) m
2
x +(3x-1)m =6(3x+1)
Bi 4: Cho ph ng trnh sau:
3x
2
- 6mx +3m
2
-4m+5 =0
a) Tm gi tr ca m phng trnh c nghim kp.Tm
nghim kp .
b) Tm gi tr ca m phng trnh c 2 nghim v tch ca
chng bng 25/3.Tm 2 nghim .
Bi 5: Gii v bin lun cc ph ng trnh sau theo tham s m:
a) mx
2
+2x +1=0
b) 2x
2
-6x+3m-5=0
c) (m+1) x
2
(2m+1)x +m-2=0
Bi 6: tm cc gi tr ca m cc ph ng trnh sau c 2
nghim bng nhau:
a) x
2
-2(m-1)x+2m+1=0
b) 3mx
2
+(4-6m)x+3(m-1)=0
c) (m-3)x
2
-2(3m-4)x+7m-6=0
d) (m-2)x
2
mx +2m-3=0
Bi 7: Vi mi ph ng trnh sau,bit 1 nghim ,tm m v
nghim cn li:
a) x
2
-mx +21=0 c 1 nghim l 7
b) x
2
-9x +m=0 c 1 nghim l -3
c) (m-3)x
2
-25x +32=0 c 1 nghim l 4
d) (m-2)x
2
mx+ 2m-3 =0 c 1 nghim l 1
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