U2 LO3 - Dandenong Co-Op

IT Unit 2, Area of Study 3:
Tools, techniques and procedures

In this area of study students apply all stages of the problem-solving methodology to create solutions
to information problems. No restrictions are placed on the software tool used to create these solutions
for clients.
By working in teams, which can be virtual, to solve information problems for known clients, students
develop an understanding of how constraints imposed by clients (users) affect the techniques and
procedures applied when creating solutions. Individual team members prepare designs for the
solutions and collectively they consider the designs and select one, based on agreed criteria, and
make adjustments, if appropriate. These designs are considered by the clients, who provide feedback
to the teams. Any modifications suggested by the clients are incorporated into the designs. Each
student in a team can then individually follow the final design and develop the entire solution, or each
student can contribute to the completion of the teams solutions. This involves using techniques and
procedures to efficiently and effectively process and manage data, information and files. Team
members record and monitor progress through shared electronic files. Students do not have to use
dedicated project management software.
A client-based approach provides the opportunity for students to develop and apply, in real situations,
knowledge and understanding about criteria for evaluating the efficiency of processing and the
effectiveness of solutions, as identified in the solution designs.
Key skills
These skills include the ability to:
analyse information problems
prepare and follow plans that coordinate the tasks, people, resources and time required to
develop solutions
select and apply appropriate tools and techniques to design solutions
liaise with the clients in order to obtain feedback on the preferred designs, and make adjustments,
where necessary
select and apply suitable equipment, tools, functions, formats and conventions to create solutions
apply techniques and procedures to securely and effectively handle files
devise and implement an evaluation strategy.
Client Information
A group of parents from around Dandenong want to set up a school co-operative. They have children
in different schools and feel the need for a competitive market in new and used school uniforms and
text books. Each school will receive a brochure containing images of the clothing and text books
available for the particular school.
Each school would like:
a fitting day organised
a book collection day from the school prior to the start of the new school year.
Any new students or extra orders are to be taken at the co-operatives headquarters in Dandenong.
The co-operative does not want parents to turn up looking for a specific item only to find that the size
or book is not in stock.
One of the co-operative members thinks that this is a good idea, but would like to look at the option of
also creating a web site with a facility for parents to order online. His main thoughts at the moment are
as follows:
A link from an index page to a page that has a list of the schools included in the co-operative
The ability for a person to browse images of the items for sale for a selected group.
Allow for a client to select an item for purchase
SJRC 2011
Page 1 of 14
Adapted from: VITTA Curriculum Support 2007 2010 U2 LO3.
Written by Margot James

Still or moving galleries
Email links to order clothing or books
Credit card form
What you have to do

1. Project management This must be submitted after the 1 lesson planning session.
a. Prepare a project plan (task analysis table) that identifies tasks, duration, milestones, and
dependent tasks. (See attached)
i.
List and describe the tasks that need to be completed in order to solve the organisational
problem.
ii. Order the tasks into a logical sequence.

iii. Establish milestones (achievement of a significant stage in the project with zero time
duration; markers of a task completed and are not tasks themselves). You may use the
following headings to help categorise the tasks and their milestones
work out exactly what the problem is (analyse)
plan a solution that would work (design)
create the designed solution (develop)
check that the solution works in every case (test)
check that the solution meets expectations (evaluate)
iv. Estimate the time required to complete each task.

v. Define the person/s responsible for each task.
vi. Identify dependent tasks (the other task/s that must be completed before this task can be
commenced).
b. Create a Gantt chart for the whole project. Use MS Excel or MS Word. The Gantt chart must
include all of the information listed in the project plan.
Each team is expected to complete a diary.
One team member needs to keep a diary for the work of each team member and the teams work.
The actual DATES of completion and actual amount of TIME taken to complete each task
If any members planned work is done by another member it must be recorded in the diary and
in the plan
Task
Task Break Down
Person Completing Task
Each student is expected to keep an individual diaries (These may be completed outside of class.)
Each individual team member needs to keep a Diary for the work they have completed.
The actual Dates of completion and actual amount of Time taken to complete each task must
be included.
Task
Date
What was achieved
SJRC 2011
Page 2 of 14
Time spent

2. Analysis
Each student must independently write a design brief. This design brief must consist of the
following:
a. Define the problem rewrite the problem in your own words by providing a succinct and
logical problem statement.
b. Identify any constraints the constraints should identify any restrictions on the solution.
These might include the software or hardware to be used, how often the information needs to
be produced, other.
c. Identify and describe the audience and their characteristics.
As a group: - This must be submitted with the group design at the end of the first double
period for approval by the client.
a. Discuss the individual design briefs and one member of the group is responsible to write a
single design brief that covers the groups task. -
3. Design:
Each team member must independently produce a design for the website. This will consist of:
a. A site map that shows the hyperlink interrelationships between the web pages (how the pages
link to each other and to external sites).
b. Fully annotated page layouts for each Web page using the appropriate plans. These include:
i.
titles and text to be contained on each page
ii.
non-text content such as images, animation, sound, video
iii. navigation pathways and links

c. A contents page for each of the pages that the team member is producing.
As a group a team discussion should take place to determine:
The group site map
The best design option or variation of it
formats and conventions to be employed by team members when completing their part of
the publication
file naming scheme
page layout
colour scheme
Apply techniques and procedures to manage the production and handling of electronic
files.
Once a decision is made,
a. One team member will design the group site map
b. Another the common layout page
c. Each team member must write a brief report that discusses why/why not their design option
was chosen. The discussion should include reference to positive and negative elements of the
design option and a conclusion about the final selection.
This section must be submitted with the group analysis at the end of the first double
period for approval by the client.
SJRC 2011
Page 3 of 14

4. Development
Each team member is expected to create at least two (2) web pages each using a web authoring
software, Dreamweaver. These will then be transferred to one students network drive to be linked
to the whole site. Each page must:
a. Depict a range of functions, techniques and procedures used to process data
b. Use a range of functions to produce a solution and an information product that enhances
decision-making and knowledge sharing
c. Enables collaborative problem-solving and meets the organisational goals.
d. Test and annotate the solution and information product to illustrate the techniques and
functions used to process data. That is, submit one annotated printout from the website
that describes two of the functions used to produce the output. In your output, you should
demonstrate some of the following functions:
Cascading Style Sheets
edit and format text
links (relative and absolute links, internal and external links)
navigation
screen formats such as tables/frames/shared borders
tagging (metadata tags, alt tags)
forms
import images/sound
e. Apply correct formats and conventions to produce the output.
5. Testing
a. Test table with test data and results use sample data to test all features provided by the
solution include individual testing, page testing and user testing. (See below)
b. Submit one annotated printout for the website that describes and identifies two of the
testing techniques undertaken here.
Individual Testing:
Feature Tested
Description
Sample Data
Expected Result
Actual Result
Spelling & grammar
Describe
what you are
testing
Where necessary enter

sample data that you
will use to test the
feature.
Include a
correct
value,
incorrect value and
extraordinary value
Describe what you

expect to occur after
you have tested the
feature.
Describe
what
occurred after you
tested the feature.
Layout
Clarity/Readability of
information
Use of colour
Accuracy
information
of
Reliability
information
of
Graphics
appropriate
clarity,
Page Testing
SJRC 2011
Page 4 of 14

Feature Tested
Description
Sample Data
Expected Result
Actual Result
Links list each link

that you will test
Describe each link

and where it is
supposed to go
Use the actual links

created
Pictures/Animations
/Graphics
List
each
picture
used and indicate if it
is animated you are
testing
that
they
appear, move
Use the pictures that

you have inserted
Describe what you

expect to occur after
you have tested the
feature.
Describe what
occurred after
you tested the
feature.
Load time
Describe that you are

testing how long the
web site takes to load
and how long it takes
to move between
pages
6. Team Evaluation Report (Individual reports may be prepared outside of

class.)
Each member of the team is to fill in a user evaluation sheet.
Each member needs to provide written answers to the following questions explain your answer
(Yes/No/Mostly/Some) and give as many details as possible, and be specific about the actual
tasks etc.
Was the sub-division of tasks appropriate and equal?
Was the time allocated to each task suitable?
Were all tasks completed on time?
Were all tasks completed to the sufficient standard?
Did the team function properly?
Were any major problems encountered in the project? Explain how they were overcome.
A summary is to be made of the individual reports to produce a team evaluation report

(This must be prepared in class.)
All the individual reports must be handed in with this report.
SJRC 2011
Page 5 of 14

Checkpoints
In each individual team members electronic SAC folder and display folder:
Pocket 1
SAC cover sheet signed

SAC instructions
SAC assessment sheet
Pocket 2
All documents are to be printed and date stamped.

Design brief
Site map
Layout design
Contents pages
Discussion on why / why not their designs were used in the group design.
Pocket 3
Testing table Printed and dated

2 annotated printouts Printed and dated
Pocket 4
Project evaluation
Group documents to be placed in the group plastic folder.

Gantt chart
Team diary
Design brief printed and dated
Site map printed and dated
Layout design printed and dated
Team evaluation
Documents that do not need to be printed but SAVED IN YOUR SAC DRIVED.
Please make sure they are clearly and correctly labelled
Contribution to the group web site Saved in your SAC drive, clearly labelled.
Group website SAVED IN THE SAC DRIVE OF THE PROJECT MANAGER

Group website Saved in a team members SAC drive, clearly labelled.
One page should be a bibliography.
SJRC 2011
Page 6 of 14

Things to remember:
Techniques and procedures to manage the production and handling of electronic
files:
Name files in a manner that is logical and meaningful

Files, folders and directories are appropriately named
Files and folders are named in a logical and consistent manner
Include authors initials, date of production and relevant title in the file name
Ensure that file names are unique
Use correct file name extensions so that the software type is apparent
Draw your file directory

Store files in their correct folders and directories
Screen dump your file directory after you complete this outcome task
Back-up copies of files have been made as a disaster-recovery strategy procedure

Files are stored on your student drive, and a removable storage device such as a USB
memory stick.
Add the full directory pathway as part of the footer in any hard copy output.
Key Web Page Formats & Conventions for screen readability are:
Logo on home page is repeated throughout the site for consistency
Maximum of four colours used with colour scheme repeated throughout the site for consistency
White background is popular i.e., use of white space
Sans serif font for text
Text is usually left aligned or centred for effect
Avoid italics; use different font sizes for headings and emphasis
Avoid use of all capitals and underscore
Dark colour for text (usually black)
Avoid text on blue background
Avoid red and green together for colour-blind people
Short lines of 10-12 words (60 characters)
Paragraphs are usually 4-8 lines in length
Each page is not excessively long and is not wider than the screen
Tables have been used appropriately to place page elements in position
Use arrow margins
Home page should include a brief introduction to organisation which conveys the purpose of the
site
Have a clear navigational pathway; use a menu bar or directional arrows or words
Use graphics to enhance meaning
SJRC 2011
Page 7 of 14

Key Web Page Formats & Conventions relating to authorship are:
Date of development
Date of last revision
Signature - authors name
Other
Image file sizes are suitable for slow Internet connections
Annotate the solution to illustrate the techniques and procedures used to validate the solution
and/or product. i.e., submit one annotated printout for the website and user documentation
which describes and identifies two validation techniques undertaken, such as:
Check spelling and grammar electronically and manually
Check data quality of information produced i.e., accuracy, reasonableness, reliability, relevance,
flexibility of access and timeliness of data.
Formats and Conventions for Reports, Articles, Word-processed accounts /

documents
Insert one space after all punctuation marks
Use a clear and consistent heading format
Use bold or italics to highlight text
Use 1-3 different font styles
Select appropriate fonts consider readability
Use commonly used guidelines for bibliographies
Indent quotations and use a smaller font
Use mixed case not all capitals
Be consistent with capitalisation of headings, etc
Ensure that the page is not crowded use of white space
Keep the message clear succinct and simple
Number pages in documents longer than two pages
Use serif font (has a tail at the end of the letters) for paragraph text
Use sans serif font for headings, tables and diagrams
Tip: use one of the Microsoft Word Report Wizards to help you!
SJRC 2011
Page 8 of 14

Individual evaluation:
Name: .....................................
Yes
No
Mostly
Some
Comment:
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
Comment:
....................................................................................................................................
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....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
Comment:
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Comment:
....................................................................................................................................
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SJRC 2011
Page 9 of 14

Yes
No
Mostly
Some
Comment:
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
Were any major problems encountered in the project?
Explain how they were overcome.
Comment:
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
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....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
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SJRC 2011
Page 10 of 14

SJRC 2011
Page 11 of 14

Team evaluation:
Name: .....................................
Yes
No
Mostly
Some
Comment:
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
Comment:
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
Comment:
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....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
Comment:
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
SJRC 2011
Page 12 of 14

Yes
No
Mostly
Some
Comment:
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
Were any major problems encountered in the project?
Explain how they were overcome.
Comment:
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
SJRC 2011
Page 13 of 14

Assessment criteria
Individual
Task
Group
Project Management 10%

Gantt Chart
___ / 5
Team diary
___ / 5
Individual diary
___ / 10
Total (divide by 2)
___ / 10
___ / 10
Define the problem
___ / 6
___ / 3
Identify constraints
___ / 8
___ / 4
Audience and their characteristics
___ / 6
___ / 3
___ / 20
___ / 10
Site map and header page
___ / 6
___ / 3
Layout diagram
___ / 6
___ / 3
Contents page
___ / 6
Discussion on group design
___ / 6
Analysis 30%
Total
Design 30%
Total
___ / 24
___ / 6
Development 20%
2 pages complete
___ / 4
Formats and conventions consistent with group layout.
___ / 4
Testing table complete
___ / 4
___ / 2
2 tests printouts
___ / 4
___ / 2
___ / 16
___ / 4
___ / 6
___ / 4
Total
Evaluation 10%
Evaluation report
SJRC 2011
Page 14 of 14

U2 LO3 - Dandenong Co-Op

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IT Unit 2, Area of Study 3:

Tools, techniques and procedures

analyse information problems

select and apply appropriate tools and techniques to design solutions

apply techniques and procedures to securely and effectively handle files

devise and implement an evaluation strategy.

a fitting day organised

Allow for a client to select an item for purchase

Written by Margot James

IT Unit 2, Area of Study 3:

Still or moving galleries

Email links to order clothing or books

Credit card form

What you have to do

ii. Order the tasks into a logical sequence.

work out exactly what the problem is (analyse)

plan a solution that would work (design)

create the designed solution (develop)

check that the solution works in every case (test)

check that the solution meets expectations (evaluate)

iv. Estimate the time required to complete each task.

Each team is expected to complete a diary.

Task Break Down

Person Completing Task

What was achieved

Written by Margot James

IT Unit 2, Area of Study 3:

titles and text to be contained on each page

non-text content such as images, animation, sound, video

iii. navigation pathways and links

Written by Margot James

IT Unit 2, Area of Study 3:

Cascading Style Sheets

edit and format text

links (relative and absolute links, internal and external links)

screen formats such as tables/frames/shared borders

tagging (metadata tags, alt tags)

e. Apply correct formats and conventions to produce the output.

Spelling & grammar

Where necessary enter

Describe what you

Written by Margot James

IT Unit 2, Area of Study 3:

Links list each link

Describe each link

Use the actual links

Use the pictures that

Describe what you

Describe that you are

6. Team Evaluation Report (Individual reports may be prepared outside of

Each member of the team is to fill in a user evaluation sheet.

Was the sub-division of tasks appropriate and equal?

Was the time allocated to each task suitable?

Were all tasks completed on time?

Were all tasks completed to the sufficient standard?

Did the team function properly?

A summary is to be made of the individual reports to produce a team evaluation report

All the individual reports must be handed in with this report.

Written by Margot James

IT Unit 2, Area of Study 3:

SAC cover sheet signed

All documents are to be printed and date stamped.