Professional Documents
Culture Documents
NUMISMATIC
CHRONICLE,
SOCIETY.
THE
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE,
AND
JOURNAL
OP THE
NUMISMATIC
EDITED BY
SOCIETY;
HERBERT
A. GRUEBER,
F.S.A.
IHIED
SEEIE8.-VOL.
XVH.
Factum abut-monumenta
LONDON:
BERNARD
QUAEITCE,
1897.
15, PICCADILLY.
PLACE LOTTVOIS, No. 4.
CONTENTS.
ANCIENT
NUMISMATICS.
Pase
Supposed Signs of Value on Early Coins of Hnnera. J. Seltmann, Esq. . . . . . . Omoanda: A New Greek Mint.
By E. . .
1 25
By G. F. Hill, M. A. .
Bare and Unpublished Roman Gold Coins in my Collection. By the late H. Montagu, F.S.A Greek Coinsacquired by the British Museum in 1896. By
"Warwick Wroth, F.S,A.
35
93
. 127
The Type known as " The Demos " on Coinsof Rhegium. By E. J. Seltmann, Esq ,173
190
253
Solon's Reform of the Attic Standard. By G. F. Hill, M.A. Cartimandua. By G. F Hill, M.A. , . .
284
. 23
VI
CONTENTS.
MEDIEVAL
AND
MODERN
NUMISMATICS.
Page
By
,134
By H. A. Grueber,
145
By H. A. Grueber,
.159
L and II.
By L. A. Lawrence,
Esq.
.',-..
226
235
. . 302
309
Medals of Centenarians. By F.. Parkes Weber, M.D., E.S.A. Attribution of Medals of Priam, Augustus, and Alexander By E. Parkes Weber, M.D., E.S.A.
NOTICES
OE RECENT
NUMISMATIC
PUBLICATIONS.
.'
245
Minton's NumismaticBibliography
.246
COXTENTh.
vil
MISCELLANEA. Page
90
248
.... ...
. .
248 249
250
. .
251 318
319
Medallion in Plaster of the Bight Hon. John Beresford and his Wife, Barbara
Till
PLATES.
LIST
Plate
OF PLATES
CONTAINED
IN
VOL,
XVn
I. Oinoanda, Termessos Ma] or and Minor II. Roman Gold Coins, Montagu Collection, HE. Acquisitions of the British Museum in 1896.
V ' "
)J
SJ
J)
VI.
YII. North- Humbrian Coinage, A.D. 758-808. Vm. Coinsof Bhegium. IX. Monnaiesgrecques inediteset incertaines.
X. XI. xn. XHL
XIV.
II and William
I and II.
the Greenwell
Collection.
NUMISMATIC
i.
SUPPOSED SIGNS OF YALUE
EIMERA.
CHRONICLE.
ON EARLY
COINS OF
VV-rpov
HI-pep
ON some of the early coins of Himera of Aeginetic weight, and in a few isolated instancesl on didrachms of the Attic system, bearing on the reverse the badge of Agrigentum, the crab, certain signs are fouud which. have been interpreted, more or less definitely, as marks
of value. They consist letters or globularmarks,the in latter, as a rule, occurringsingly. Only on onecoinmore,
viz., six, are known to occur,arranged in a star-like pattern like this Y* Soutzo affirms that the dot on these 2
coins is the sign of value for the litra.3 The six dots would on this assumption denote a value of six litrae-
NUMISMATIC CHBOKICLE.
This is no uncertain language, and it asserts,if anything, that the coinage of the Greek cities of Sicily was
really "for goodand all" based and governed the on, by,
value of that primitive measure,the Sikel libra, or litra, weight of copper.
With sucha contention cannotagree, I both on general grounds for reasons evidence afforded all the and of as by
extant Greek Sicilian coins. For wherever several metals
circulate freely as media of exchange,the meanercannot determine the value of the more precious, since, in the nature of things, it would not be sought after. When
goldbecame sufficientlyplentiful in England,it sweptthe meanersilver off the board by reason of its superior
advantagesas a circulating medium, and now not only
would we not, but we could not return to a silver stan-
became dominatingpower. For although the everthe diminishingcopperpiece continued be calledthe *cAs" to
4 Op.<nt.,p. 60.
-the Senatetrying, for fifty years and more, to rehabilitate bronze in some measure-yet it was no longer the old libral As, but a mere ignominious token.
The proportion in the value of silver and bronzein Sicily and Italy has been determined 1 to 250, which as givesto the original, and real, copperlitra (the weight
of the normal silver litra being 13'5 grains) a weight of (13-5 x 250 =) 3,375 grains. Instead of this normal
of, presumably, first half of the fifth century)a litra the weight of lessthan 1,000grains. As a matter of usage
and tradition, such a coin would be called a litra still. As
express six silver litrae, we are confronted by a new difficulty, for if we multiplied the 13-5 grains of the normal silver litra by six, we should get for the Aeginetic drachm a maximum weight of 81 grains, and this would fall short of the weight of the heaviest known specimen5
by about15 grains. In my opinionthis ought to be conclusive, and if these dots are signs of value, they can only
pieces, whenthey do appear and later on,they areunderstood to stand in relation to the litra, not the obol.
Gabrici, op. cit., p. 23, No. 12,
NUMISMATIC
CHRONICLE.
the silverlitra during thefifth century,andif therereally was sucha fall, I seenothing to preventus frominferring that it may have begun earlier, and that the Aegineticdrachm may, after all, havebeen equal to six of those earlier and heavierlitrae. I quote ImhoofBlumer on this point.6 Speaking of one of the earliest known specimensof a silver litra of Agrigentuin, with
celle-ciqui parait un peuplus ancienne, porte la legende plus complete AIT, ecrite en sens retrograde,pour X/T/?a- Le poids cettemonnaie de atteintpresque-celui de
la litre Sicilienne normale, de gr. 0-87. La plupart des autres pieces pesent sensiblementmorns, ce qui prouve que le rapport de Fargent au cuivre avait change et que la litre en argent avait etc diminuee jusqu'au poids de I'obole, gr. 0*67, et memede Themiobole, gr. 0'33." I cannot acceptthis theory. True, litrae differ much in weight (as do obols and other small fractional pieces), and occasionally, instead of being too light, they are found of too heavy a weight.
appearon early coins of Himera. Of these v V (or inverted VV and ^V), are perhaps most commonly found, and they havebeen supposed stand for the initial of VITRA to
quante volte essaera ripetuta per fare Tequivalente di unadramma eginetica." He gives no opinion,it is true,
as to the meaning of the supposednumeral. always supposing it to be a numeral-it
othe^fcan the so-called "Koman" five.
But if he
1OIMISMATIC CHBON1CLE.
tomaryexplanation, wouldtake this occasion mention I to it. It is usually supposed the Roman ten resulted that
from the method of parcelling units to the number of ten
lined pictureof the wholehand, asindicatedby the direction of the thumb andlittle finger, converging thus : \/. The signfor ten is, accordingly, doublehand,oneabove a
the other and joined by the wrists. Doubtless,thesesigns
are one of the earliest efforts of the mind in the direction
of writing and may, in their character of digital marks, have precededthe earliest Italian alphabet by long ages, notched, perhaps,by the savage on a stick, or impressed by his hand into a lump of soft clay from the ground at
his feet.
If, then, V meansVITRA on our coins, V as a numeral can, it may be confidently asserted,only stand for five. But by this assumptionwe should only add to a previous metrological difficulty, since five litrae of maximum
Gfabrici says:10 " II segnoV non esprimeil valors della moneta, ma soltanto il rapportodi essa la litra> rapporto con gia riconosciuto negli scambi commerciali e che non occorrevapiu indicare." (The italics are mine.) Butr surely, the line must be drawn somewhere, for
can,therefore, only accept interpretationof the letter the " au pied dela lettre." But readas VITRA there is no meaningin it in view of the weight of the coin, and a differentexplanation must be found, if possible. And if
V has another meaning for the drachm, the samemust be
My interestin the subjectwasstimulatedby the acquisition of several coins with someof these puzzling marks
and letters. One is marked with V above the neck of the
cock. Lower down, and quite unconnected with this letter, there appears a well-raised globular mark, almost
undersjand city, but rather the nymph of the spring the whomwe find, at a later stage, invariably represented on
the tetradrachms and didrachms accompanied,sometimes,
by the legends 1MERA (retrograde)or 5OTHR, On a drachmof the Aeginetic,andon a few didrachms of the Attic standardthere occursthe legendIATON*
11Gabrici, op. cit., p. 25, No. 25,
NUMISMATIC
CHRONICLE.
omittedword,viz. ofXvrpov,or (in the moreusualplural form) \vrpa, " ransom" or " expiatory offerings,"and I will try to show how far this is supported the evidence by of extant coins. But I wish to say at the outsetthat thereis an inherentdifficulty in my way, caused the by indistinctness uncertaintyof manysigns,for the surand faceof thesecoins,notablyof the obverse, often very is
rough and coveredwith lumpy marks and striae, owing, presumably, to the primitive method of coining and the comparative thinness of the metal discs. In the first issue on the Attic standard,when the process had improved and
the flan had got thicker, theseimperfections disappear. "When badly struck coins are somewhat worn, it becomes doubly difficult to decipherthem. Although,
then, there can be no doubt as to the shapes the letters of
I have such frequent occasion to refer. In the place where he gathers them into an orderly and con-
spicuous file,14 count-omitting, meanwhile, I dotted or globularmarks-ten varieties, the one after the tenth
12 Zdtschriftfur Numismatik, six., pp. 135 and 165, &c. vol.
13Num. Chron., vol. xiii., p. 233. 14Gabrici, op. cit., p. 33.
f)
of
No. 4 is
noticed,and published,sometime beforethe appearance of Gabrici'swork. The most conspicuous among them (thoughit is not noticed by him), occurson a coin in the
Ofcourse, this
either entirely wanting, or is (more probably) intended to be expressed by a part of the divergent central upstroke of the M-
Museum (No. 6 on
p. 76) gives also this combination: V4L- The sign on the right is certainly neither V nor T; but it may, I think, bean attemptto combine both letters,the V being
turned to the left and the T upside down, with the slanting direction of the cross-stroke continued from left
10
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
first three letters of VVTRON. Again, we have perhaps the top stroke of a T, turned upside down, in Gabrici's No. 3, and this would give us the samesolution,
viz.: VVT. Combination No. 10 is from the coin
on these coins.
As for the
other; while the single globular mark occupies always the same position, being put close up to the cock, in the bend of its back. Thereby it is brought into an inti-
very long ago, with the Boyne collection of Greek coins. The sale catalogue,compiledby a competent expert, describes thus: " O over cock to right, and it rev. bearded head of Heraclesin squareincuse/' This differs from Gabrici'sdescriptionof the obverse,for he says: " Gallostantea dr. sopra <?." I have not been ableto tracethe presentownerof the coin. But a careful examinationof it on Plate III. (No. 16) of Gabrici's work shows that the objectcloseto the back of the cock
12
M7MISMATIC CHRONICIE.
caused eitlier by an adhesion of the die, or, more probably, by some hard corrosion and dirt lodging in the
narrow space. Gabriei attributes the issueof the coin to a monetaryalliance betweenHim era and Croton;
hence he sees koppa in this sign. There are yet more a objections to his reading. Koppa with a central dot is exceedingly rare, and Garrucci gives only two instances,
both on staters of Croton, not on small coins. Nor is the
legend ever found confined to the mere initial of the city's name(with one exception, which will be accounted for presently); but it consistsof two letters at least, and usually of more.
certainly oneor two other small pieces whichwereissued jointly by thesetwo cities. The types, too, suit both places. And lastly, Croton in particular has left us
many such " alliance coins." Of these I will mention a few which possess special interest in connection with the subject.
1. Diobol. Obv.: Tripod and <?PO (mostly retrograde). CL\: Pegasuswith curled wings, flying; below9. The last letter may hardly be supposed to refer to Croton,sinceQPQ, the customaryform of the legend,appears alreadyon the obverse. It can, in my
opinion, refer only to an alliance between Croton and
Thereexistsonecoinof this type in the collectionof the British Museum, whichhas on the obverseonly the letter <? beside the tripod (insteadof <?PO). This
appearsto be the only instance in which, on a coin of
distant Locri, on the silver statersof which city the head of Zeus4so constantlyappears,accompanied, unfrenot
quently, by a wingless thunderbolt. It is also the reverse
type of anotherLocrian stater, as well as of bronzecoins. Of course, these coinsdate from a later period than all
our obol. But if the Locrians of Bruttium claimed Zeus
in a special sense the guardian of their city (which as we may infer from their coin types), an allusion to the god on this alliance coin might be looked for. And,
14
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
indeed,we have this very reverserepeated a rare on Locrianobol,described thus on page 87 of the Hibtoria Numorum: (Obverse) A-O, eagle with closedwings.
(Reverse) Fulmen betweentwo annulets. JSTow, Fiitze has, in reference to certain coins of von Greeceproper, fairly shown that an annulet or circle with a central dot sometimes16 depictsand indicatesthe sacrificial patera.17 This view has been endorsed by Head.18 I
need,therefore,not hesitateto adopt the sameexplanation of it for the coins in question, and all the less so
because the double annulets with a central dot, such as we
find on one of them, give a much better picture of the patera than the single circle. These paterae may typify the ratification of the alliance of the cities by solemn
sacrifice.
As coin No. 2 may be reasonablyaccepted as an alliance coin, the two circlets, though by chance un-
(Sicily, p. 136,No. 50) havebeenaddedby subsequent punching, as if for some special occasion.
17Zeitschriftfur Numismatik, vol. xx., part i. 18Nwn. Chrvn., vol. xv., p. 320.
imariaUy occupy precisely the samepart of the field of the coin,I am forced, almost irresistibly, to the conclusion that
they are a somewhat primitive endeavourto depict or suggestthe sacrificialpatera,or its centralboss place in
of the whole patera.
of disposition, with a centralglobule,might be intendedto suggestthe round of the sacred^>mX>7 its central and Certainearlycoinsof Macedonian citiessupplyus with a
parallel use of this symbol. On coins of Acanthus, of Aegae, and of Ichnae we find, indiscriminately,the dotted and the plain circle with the central globule.19 Since the latter has been concededto signify a patera, the conclusion that the former is simply a variation in shape isobvious and just. Formerly both signs used to be read as the letter theta. But this view is not supported by the evidence of the unique tetradrachm of Aenea with the group of Aeneas,Oreusa, Anchises and Ascanius, which
bearsthe dottedpateraas well as the nameof the city in the genitivecase.20 The symbolhas,here also, beensupposed to stand for the initial of a mint- magistrate. But this seemsdoubtful to me in view of the extremely remote period to which this remarkable coin is attributed (600 to 550 B.C.).
16
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
havehithertoadduced onecoin (the alliance pieceoJ but Himera and Croton)in support of my contention,and because might seemunwarrantedto attribute several it
meanings to one sign. To deal with the la&t objection first-there are other instancesof the use of the sameobject by way of expressing different meanings. A triskelis on Sicilian coins
Greekworld it is understood a solar sign. A wheel, as while usuallyalluding to chariot races,is in somecases regarded a symbolof sun-worship.21 radiate disk as A
doesnot always stand for sun or star, for on Greek-Italian coinswe find it used as a sign of value.22 A circle with a central dot serves as a letter of the alphabet, a mark of value, and, admittedly, asthe picture of a sacrificial vessel.
In order to get over this difficulty, it hasbeensuggested that the aggregate valueof thesemarkson an individual
coin wasnot determined by numbers, but size; in other words, that three big globules on one stater may be equal
next arequitedoublethe size; but their numberremains equal to those on the first coin. If, then, thesesigns
cannot bejudged by size in the light of marks of value, the
proof that they are not indicative of value is complete. And
for the same reason>applied inversely, the pellet on early Himerean coins cannot be admitted to stand for the value of the piece, since it occurs singly on the drachm
as well as the obol-24
To the general objection, viz., that globular marks have always beeninterpreted as signs of value, I would submit a general consideration by way of an answer.
probablythat of a specimen the aesgrave,a handsome of triensor quadrans,for there is here a certainty about the meaning theseboldmarksthat cannotbemistaken, of
every raised dot being a picture in miniature of the
18 fractions
ITOMISMATIC CHRONICLE. of the obol and litra on small silver coins and
To give some examplesof either system:-The single globule, as the stater mark, appears thus on an early unpublished didrachm of Tarentum in my collection, being placed behind a female head with a long plait of hair. Small silver pieces of the same city, though of later times, are, on the other hand, frequently marked
with dots to denote the number of small bronze tokens
obtainable in exchange for the silver coin. Again, on most of the small gold pieces of Agrigentum there occur two dotted marks, indicating that the piece is equal to two ten-litra pieces or staters ; while on small silver
coins we find the marks of value X and !, viz., five and
two unciae. Similarly, the reverse of a Syracusan silver tetras of the earlier transitional period bears four dots. Electrum pieces of the time of Timoleon are marked
statersof the same period. Prom such facts it may be reasonably inferred that, althoughthe silver litra formed the basisof issue,theoreticallyand practically, for all
19
Sicilian coins,the ten-litra piece served as the common coin of accountfor ordinary transactions down to a comparatively late date.
For a limited period, viz., shortly before and after 400 B.C., anothermode seems have been adopted, yet to accordingto which the single globule indicated the
largest silver coin of a city's issue. I am, of course, referring to some of the Syracusan fifty-litra pieces by Evaenetus, and as some of the hundred-litra pieces in gold are marked with two globules, it can hardly be doubted that they are in both cases signs of value. According to the same principle, Evaenetus places this mark on the reverse of the largest silver coin of Catana, in this instanceonly a twenty-litra piece; viz., the famous coin on which Nike bears aloft the tablet signed with his
name.
Now there
coins
which
seem to con-
trovert this theory. One of these is a tetradrachm of Leontini, presumably struck about 450 B.C.,which shows three small pellets over the lion's head.25 These dots cannot be interpreted as marks of value, since division by three of a tetradrachm of Attic weight will, approximately, produce a drachm of the Aeginetic standard,
abolishedin Sicily long before this coin was struck. Here, then, we havefresh evidence that globularmarks
do not necessarilydesignate the value of a coin. From
the smallness of the dots I would look ou them, in this
case, merely as some private mark of a die-engraver* Another coin that doesnot seem to fit in with my observations is the early ten-litra piece of Selinus which, in someinstances,shows two pellets beside the stalk of the
25Brit. Mus. Cat., Sicily, p. 89, No. 27.
20
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
leaf. If these marks stood for signs of value, the coin of common account at Selinus must, at that period, have been the five-litra piece or Attic drachm, not the stater.
struck, but only the stater and small divisions of it. The pellets on this coin, like others which bear a leaf or twig, may very well depict the berries or seedsof the plant.
that it is emblematic-just asmuch as the altar nameof thoseglowing orbs,the adorationof which goesback beyond historicalrecords the oldenEast. the of
When the coins of Mallus, Issus, and other cities bring us into immediate touch with this star worship of the
tion with wings,which are attachedeither to the orb or the figure that bears Sometimes circle is, in addiit. the
tion, furnished with a starry pattern, changing it, thereby,
wingeddeity holding with both handsa starry disk. He is usually described kneelingor-after the manner of as
numerous coins of an earlier date-running. It might, also,be conceivedthat the whole figure, along with the disk, is meant to convey the idea of aerial, that is, in the case a star, rotatory motion. The god or star seems the of in act of rising from the line of the easternhorizon on which
rising from a winged disk," &c. In this casethe disk is formed by a circle with a central pellet.26 In addi-
22
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
ing orbits in shortening days, and again enlarging them as the seasonof the new year advances, seemsto circle round the earth with a ceaseless spiral motion. Thus, while the wings attached to the orb on the coin of Issus convey the idea of movement, the spiral or volute might be supposed add that of the order and direction inherent to
in that motion.
At any rate it will, I think, be conceded that motion as such is intended to be expressed the spiral object, as a by
clear and corroborative illustration of this view is fur-
nished by the rarecoin of DicaeaBTo.1, on Plate I. of the Numismatic Chroniclefor 1893. The obversetype of this interesting piece consists of a cock, a sun disk, and a
Plate Y,, of the Numismatic Chronick for 1884, appearsto be provided with two spiral objects. If the above-men-
tion, the same wingeddisk, from which the figure of the god rises, wouldprobably showthe other volute. This mayalsoapply to the coin of Mallus,as Fig. 3 of Plate
G-,of Imhoof-Blumer's Monnaies Grecques shows.
Theobjectending in a doubletendril, which is sometimes found attached to the head oi the Sphinx or the
Harpy,27 may be intended simply for a kind of plumed crest,forming part of the outfit of the fantasticcreature,
like the cockscomb on the second head of the Chimaera
on somecoins of Sicyon. It differs from the volutes of the coin types of Tssusand Mallus, inasmuch as it seems to rise in one stem, the top of which divides into a double
volute.
paper,whichbearsa cockand the legendV V H1, conveys the idea that the bird is an offering to the nymph
27Num. Chron., 1887, PL IV., Nos. 23 and 29.
24
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Himera. This meaningis, on some specimens, emphasizedby the hieratic signet of one globular mark,
and in one caseby several,meant to suggest the sacri-
accepted. But the early coinage of Himera, the invariable theme of which is the local the fountain
nymph, seems point to such an origin. to I would clinch the last argument by pointing out that we meet with the inscription. VA on a didrachm of Oamarina, where it appears below the head of Hipparis (Brit. Mm. Cat., Sicily, p. 37, No. 18). Read from left to right theseletters do not, as far as I can ascertain, suggestany
name that is known to occur on coins. "We must, there-
fore, read them retrograde; just as we sometimes find the namesof Hipparis and Camarina written from right to
coin, like the signedpiece with the facing headof Hipparis, is by Evaenetus. All are agreedthat thesebeautiful pieces,pre-eminent among Sicilian coins, are the direct expressionand result of a local cult, so that I venture to hope I shall not be
II.
OINOANDA : A NEW GREEK MINT.
ON the northern border of Lykia, about the head-waters of the rivers Indos and Xanthos, lay a group of three
cities, Balboura, Boubon, and Oinoanda. The district
1 Strabo ilii. 681. The date of Murena's reorganization oi the district is rightly given by Treuber, Gesck.der LyJder, p. 174, as 81 B,C.,not 84 B.C. * The evidenceis summed up by Treuber, 1. c.
VOL. XVII. THIRD SERIES. E
26
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
The reference the Lykian history of Alexander to Polyhistor, who was a contemporary of Sulla, shows that Oinoanda wasprobably Lykian in the first century B.C. Hitherto, of the three Kibyratic cities, Balboura and Boubon have been represented by a bronze coinage, but no issue of any kind has been associatedwith Oinoanda. The coin which is now published was struck at Oinoanda, probably late in the third or early in the secondcentury B.C.,and is of great importance, both as being the sole representativeof the coinageof that city, and as throwing considerable light on another series of coins with which we shall presently deal. Its description is as follows :Obv. Headof Zeusto r., laureate behind,sceptre. ;
Eagle standing to r
shield combined ; to 1., I".
? on
27
[PL I. 8.] In addition to these, it will be useful, before proceeding further, to mention two other classesof bronze coins :3. Obv.-Head of Apollo to r., laureate. Rev.-TEP or TEPMHZZEQN, sometimes accomNo. 1,
[PI.1- *.]
4. A seriesreading on the reverse, TEP O|, as follows :-
[PL I. 5.]
attributed, and naturally, to Termessos, Pisidia; in the letters Ol had occasionally beenread 01, and taken
28
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
(1) and (2) by their types,and class (4) by its inscriptions, are associated with Oinoanda; while class(3) by its types (Head of Apollo, and kithara) would seemto belong to a member of the Lykian KOIVQV. The evidence is, I
same course should perhaps be taken with two bronze coins, of which the description is as follows :5. Obv. - Bust of Artemis to r
Rev. TGP. Nudemale figure(Hermes standing 1.; ?) to in 1.chlamys, r. cadueens in (?), [PL L 7.]
6. Obv, - Bust of Artemis to r.
[PL I. 6.] The fabric and the obverse type of thesecoins are not unsuitable to the northern part of the Lykian district, and it is difficult to connectthem with the Pisidian city.
The removal of these coins from the Greater Termessos
has the advantageof leaving that city with a coinageof a very distinct and homogeneous character, which is typi* Tp/ii7<r<ros, Ilicrio/as. rri KCU ?roXis aAX-fy TaurusOWTOIKOS KO! awry k<n2/a$, AeyojLici/77 <us Trporepa /UK/DO, % /ieia>v. Cf. Eustathius ad Dionysii Per. v. 857.
29
fied, for the period concerningus, by the specimens given (PL I. 8, 9).
Where was this "Little Termessos" to which it is pro-
a number of inscriptionswhich mention Tep^ffffeL^ol TTjOos OiVoavSoi?, which makeclear two facts: first, and
that Oinoanda itself was the political centre of the inhabitants of Little Termessos; second, that the Ter-
Messrs. Holleaux and Paris, who havepublishedthe inscriptionsin question,4 of opinion that Oinoanda are
and Little Termessosstood on the same site. But, as
right bankof the SeidlerTchai,or Xanthos. Theseruins have yieldedno inscriptions,in spite of carefulsearch. The explorers add, " As hasbeenpointed out in Le Bas-Waddington(VoyageArch., 1232), the
words of Strabo(xiii., p. 631: 17
$ fJiaXiaTCt eyyiora UTrepKeifjLevY] KOL T^S* Bull. Corr. Hell, 1886, p. 216. 5 Betsenin Lyfaen, ii., p. 178. 6 Bericht uber zwei Reisen in S.W. Ekinaden* Wien, 1896, p. 55,
30
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
are excellently suited to this position, although the author, through a confusion, refers them to Termessos Major/7
The precise positionof Little Termessos cannot,however, be said to be certainly determined. Of the two commtinities Oinoandawasdoubtless the moreimportant, although Termessos possessedBoule,Demos, a and Gerousia
of its own, and was therefore autonomous within certain
limits. Imhoof-Blumer suggestsas parallel instancesthe combined communities of Plarasa and Aphrodisias, in Karia, and of Kremna and the Keraitai, in Pisidia. But the coins of those communities show by their legends (HAAPAZEiiN KAI A^POAISIEIIN; KPHMNEflN KAI KEPAEITQN) that the parties occupied equal positions, and had a common coinage, which does not seemto have beenthe casehere. In fact the coinages of Oinoandaand of Little Termessos were, so far as we can
IN the JRevue Numismatique 1888,1and subsequently for in his work on Crete,2M, J. N. Svoronospublished a bronze coin, which he describesas follows:Obv.-Head of a goddessto right. Itev.-PI-A. Date-palm.
townmentioned Ptolemy.* And taking the passage by of Scylax,4 TTjOoy fiopeav avepov oposKaSuaroi/ Xijji'ijv ev KOI
avrto *Q\o$$ Kal Tlav ... to have reference to this, he undertakes to complete the text by the words, KCU
Tlav(vovaTroXts),inasmuch as, the geographical position (TT/>O? |3opeai/ aj/e/xoi/of Lyttus) agrees with the
position fixed by Ptolemy for Pannona.
But this attribution is not well founded, because, if one
1 1888, p. 870, PL XVIL, No. 6. * Num. de la CreteAncienne, 1890, p. 262, No. 1, PL XXII.,
No, 33.
32
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
The attribution of the coin to Pannona being therefore untenable,we must look elsewherefor its placeof origin, and I have no hesitation in saying that it is Hierapytna,
in Crete. As an additional indication that this view is
the correctone, I give herethe figure of anotheralmost similarbronze coin belonging my collection to :Obv.-Head of Jupiter to left. Rev.-Date-palm betweenthe letters I - ft, for 'lap which stand
The Doric form laposfor teposis so well knownthat it needsno justification. The Cretantown which the
33
Moreover,I think that the spelling of the name'lepaTrurya with the letter a is easilydiscernible also in the followingcoin of Hierapytna,whichbearsthe head
of Zeus and a date-palm, exactly as No. 2 :Obv.- Head of Zeus to left ; border of dots.
34
that it is A- But however that maybe, the coincannot belong to Pannona, and mustbe ascribed some to other
Cretan town.
With respect to the third coin attributed to Pannona by M. Svoronos,8 which bears a date-palm on both sides without any inscription whatsoever,it is, I think, unnecessaryto add anything, considering that the only ground for this attribution is the type of the coin, which, it must be observed, is not peculiar to the coins of
IY.
EAEE AND UNPUBLISHED
IN MY
EOMAN
GOLD
COINS
COLLECTION.
[THE following notes on the rare and unpublishedEoman gold coins in his collectionwere compiled by Mr. Montagu
shortly before his death. They are now published with the consent of his widow. It is a somewhat touching circumstance that not only is this the last numismatic work by our late Vice-President, but it is probably his last writing of any kind whatsoever. He was engaged on these notes on the eve of his illness, and they were found just inside the drawer of his writing-table as casually thrown in by him. Mr. Montagu's object was to place on record what had not been published in Cohen's Monnaies I'Mnpire Romam, 2nd de edit., which he took as the basis of his descriptions, to correct any misdescriptions, and to discuss any important points connected with the coins which may not have been previously
noticed.
It is unfortunate that these notes must remain incomplete. The collection is now dispersed all over Europe, and many fine specimens,in fact most of the finest and rarest, are now in America. Those who are acquainted with the excellent Sale Catalogue of this portion of Mr. Montagu's collection will
half, and amongsttheseis includedhis fine seriesof Medallions, aboutwhich he would have written copious notes. Eeferenceshave been given to the lots in ihe SaleCatalogue, in which the coins occurred, and to these have been
addeda plate illustrating the more important pieces. With theseexceptions notesstandalmost preciselyas Mr. Monthe tagu left them.]
36
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
AOTONIA. 1. Oh.-M. ANT. tor. AP.-CAESAE IMP. PONT. HI. YIE. E. P. C. IMP. AVG. HI. TIE. E. P. 0. M.
E:-A-E'EAT.
Q. P.
Headof Octavius r. 122 grs. [No. 61.]1 to On this piece(cf.Babelon,2 50), struck under the authority of 31. Barbatius,one of the quaestors the army of Lucius of Antonius, the youngest brother of Mark Antony, on the reconciliation of the latter with Octavius, the die engraver has most peculiarly misspeltand punctuated the quaestor's
37
3. Otv.-M. Rev.-COS.
122 grs.
[No. 65.] PL IL 1. The aureus of this type in the Berlin Museum, described by Babelon (No. 92), was, I believe, consideredto
be uniqueuntil the discovery my piece,which is in'the of finestcondition. The legendsbeing very distinct, I am
enabledto correct a slight error in the reading given "by
M. Babelon from the former substituted for ANTONIVS. coin. ANTONI should be The use of the Greek delta
sailing galley.
j0e.-LEG. VI. Legionaryeagle between two military ensigns. 124 grs. [No. 54.] Plate II. 2.
This uniquecoin,included (Lot 69) in the saleof the collection the Vicomtede Quelen,May, 1888,wasforof merly in the collectionof Prince Hercolaniat Bologna.
It was found in the excavations at San Lazzaro, near
Bologna,in 1883 (videNotme degll Scamdi Antiehitd, February,1883). Although the silver legionarycoinsof
38
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Mark Antony are, for the most part, of very common occurrence, everyaureus knownis uniqueof its kind. In the British Museum one the 4th legion,in the Berlin is of
Museum one of the 14th legion, and Mionnet mentions,
5. Olv*-Laureate head of Jupiter to r. Rev.-ON. LENTYL (NT in ligature). Eagle, withoutspread wings on a thunderbolt. 121 grs. [No. 15 ] Plate n. 3.
This piece, which would appear to belong to On. Corn. Lentulus Marcellinus, was purchased by me at the Borghesi sale,1893. Babelon described type (Cornelia,57) the
ligature).
39
Hev.-G.
CAESAR COS. PONT. (NT in ligature) AYGK Bare head of Octavius to r. 125 grs.
[No. 37.]
sionsthan is depictedeither in Babelon (Julia, 64), or than appears any other piece that I haveseen. The on workmanship somewhatsuggests an Eastern origin, althoughthe weight is identical with that of the ordinary piece.
PETRONIA. 7. Obv.-TVKPILIANVS in . VIE . FERO. Bust of
branchesof laurel; in the middle O.O.S (Ob civesservatos), 125grs. [No. 82.]
ever, that the author erred in his description,owingto his not having the original coin beforehim, particularly
as there is a further slip in the spelling of the name of the Sabine goddess, which appearson the illustration.
as FERO and in the text as FERON. It is noteworthy that my coin,which formed Lot 341 of the De Quelen sale,is also inaccuratelydescribedin the catalogueas
being inscribed FERON.
8. Olv.-As the last.
2lev.-As the last, but the word CAESAR appears above the oak wreath. 123J grs. [No. 83.]
40
NUMISMATIC
CHRONICLE.
forcibly to me that it is more than probablethat the original inscription the die of this type is CAESAR on
AYGYSTVS in every case, but that on the preceding
the Emperor to r.
P. SYSC. PEG. SAL. ET EED.
and holding a vexillum and a parazonium. 121Jgrs. [No. 89.] This differs from the piece inaccurately describedby Cohen (No. 324) as being of silver instead of gold, and in
41
Jto.-IMP. XII.
120 grs. [No. 102.] The reverseof this unpublished variety resembles, all in
Rev*-PAX.
poppy-head. Ill grs. [No. 103.] Plate II. 4. This very fine and probably unique aureus is believed
to have been found in the Netherlands. It resembles the
42
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
eighteenthcentury. The style and fabric of this coin is not Augustan,and though it is clearly struck after
the Emperor's death, I had come to the conclusion that it should be relegated to Gralba or his time, before consulting Cohen, who, I find, makes a like suggestion in connectionwith a denariusof a somewhat
to my piece,and as Cohen(No. 109) describes coin a bearingthe reverse legendHISPANIA while mine has
PAX, both coins may have been struck in celebration of
13. 05*7.-TI.
DIVI
AYGYSTYS.
Laureate
head to r.
holding a diadem.
This is of the ordinarytype,but unpublished, this of year of tribunitian power. The coin described Cohen by is from the AncienCatalogue only.
RARE AND UNPUBLISHED "ROMAN GOLD COINS. 14. Oh.-TI. Rev.-TE. CAESAR
Laureate
43
BIVI
AYG.
F.
AYGYSTYS. A half
Lead to r.
POT. XXXYIIL
COS.in.
Rev.~DIYYS AYG.
119 grs.
This variety occurs also in silver, but in gold it is describedby Cohenfrom the Ancien Catalogue only. My example waspurchasedat a sale in Rome in 1893.
CLAUDIUS.
16. 0Jy.-TI.
CLAYD.
Laureate
.-PEAETOE . EECEPT. Claudius to r., giving his hand to a soldier, who holds a military
ensignand a buckler. 120grs. [No. 141.] Of the ordinary type of Cohen (No. 77), but unpub-
lished,of the fourth tribunitian power* A similar example, however, was in the D'Amecourt Collection (Lot 97). My example came from an important hoard of aurei of this period (about 80 in number), found in 1893 in Campania,and purchased by Cav. Stettiner, in the sale of whosecoins at Rome, in 1894, several were
included.
44
NUMISMATICCHRONICLE.
AGREPPINA AJO> NEEO.
17. Ofo.-AGEIPP.
AYG.
DIVI
CLAYD.
NEEONIS
GALBA.
GALBA
CAESAE
AYG.
P.P.
Laureate
head to r.
This probablyuniquecoinis described (Cohen, 71) No. from Mionnetonly, and is unpricedby the author,primd facie showing that he was not conclusivelysure that any such piece existed,notwithstandingits inclusionin
Mionnet's list,
45
19. Oh.-[IMP.
Laureate
Rev.-IMP. Galba on horseback r., raising his right to hand. 108 grs. [No. 170.] This is describedby Cohen (No. 96) from the example depicted by Caylus only. The type is a striking one, and occursalso, with somevarieties of the obverselegend, on a denarius of the sameEmperor.
OTHO.
20. 0^.-IMP.
OTHO
head to r.
CAESAE
AYG.
TE.
P.
Bare
Rev.-PAX OEBIS TEEEAEYM. Peace to 1., holding a laurel branch and a caduceus. 113 grs.
[No. 174.]
head to r.
Sao.-PONT. MAX. Equity to 1.,holding a sceptreand scales. llOi grs. [No. 175.]
Publishedby Cohen(No. 9) in silver only. An examplein gold hasbeen publishedby my friend, Cay. F.
Gnecchi, in the Rivista Italiana di Num., 1889, Ease, iv.
Ta. vi. 22. 08f.-IMP. M. OTHO
ance than
CAESAE
AYG. TE. P.
Bare
46
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
GV --SECYEITASP. E.
Security L, holding a to
jRcv.-B.
P. Q. E. OB C S. within
an oak-wreath.
114
grs [No. 179] Describedby Cohen (No. 85) from Caylus only.
24. 01*.A. YITELLIYS IMP. GEEMANICYS. Lau-
Yictory to 1.,
113 grs.
Describedby Cohen (No. 106) from "Wiczayonly. 25. An unpublished variety resembling the last in all
respects, except that on the reverse GEEMAN. is substituted for GEEMANICL 112 grs. [No. 182.]
A variety of No. 24 is in the British Museum, on which GEEMAN. appears on the obverse instead of
GERMANICYS.
in
P.
95 grs.
K\RE
AND
UNPUBLISHED
ROMAN
GOLD COINS.
4:t
to his enforcing respectto the Homan standards upon Artabanus, Parthian King. The light weight of this the example, whichis somewhat worn, is probablycaused by a slight clipping of the flan. Sincewriting the aboveI have traceda descriptionof a similar,or perhapsthis identical, piece by Mr. F. W.
Madden, in Num. Chron., New Series, vol. viii., p. 253, which seemsto have escapedthe notice of Cohen. Mr.
27. 050.-IMP.
reate
CAESAR
head to r.
AYG. Titus
Lauand
Eev.-CAESARES
VESP.
Domitian standingface to face, each, holding a patera in his right hand, and a parazonium? in his left. Ill* gre- LNo- 1950 HateII. 7.
48
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Emperor's family, particularly with a due regard to those considerationsas to succession, which were perhaps the more present to the Emperor's mind owing to his advanced age.
28. Oh.-. IMP.
reate
CAESAE
head to r.
YESPASIANVS
AYG.
Lau-
and scales. 113grs. [No. 186.] The secondconsulateof the Emperor was in A.D. 70,
bear the sameinscription,with the deity Mars or Neptune on the reverse, with the exception of one which
YESPAS.
Laureate
AVGK P.M.
bust to 1.
TEL
P.P.P.
COS.
Rev.- PAX AYGrVSTI. Naked male figure, with mantle over left shoulder, and holding a sceptre in the left hand, raises, with the right, a kneeling woman, who wears a turreted crown. 114grs.
[No. 189.]
Cohen,in mentioning (No. 322) a somewhat similar piecein the British Museum, describes figure on the the
49
parel. It certainly is a nakedfigure, and perhaps, with equalcertainty, is intended to be a representation of Peace. It is not probablethat the Emperorwould in
those days, and at his advanced age of sixty-three or sixty- four years, have been representednude in any personified form. The coin must have been struck in Asia,
and refers, perhaps,to the settlement of the disputes with Antiochus of Commagene, who, after the seizure of his country by Paetus, Governor of Syria, had come to Home with his sons, Epiphanes and Callinicus, and had been courteouslyreceivedby the Emperor, and not to Armenia, as stated by Cohen. The TRL on the obverse of this piece, instead of TR. as usual, is of almost unique occurrence, and lends weight to its Asiatic attribution.
30. Obv.- IMP.
CEN.
CAES.
YESP.
AYG.
P.M.
COS.
HIL
Laureate
head to r.
Rev. VESTA. Circular four-columnedtemple; in the middle and at each side, a statue. 113J-grs[No. 190.]
The reverse type of this piece is not uncommon, but with this obverseit is described by Cohen (No. 582) from the Schellersheimcabinet only.
TITTTS, AND DOMITIAN.
31. Ob*.- IMP. YESPA. AVG. P.M. TEL P. 31. COS. nil.
Laureatehead of Yespasian 1. to Rev.- CAE. DYM. (sic} ET TI. (w) CAES. IMP.
YESPAS. Bare heads of Titus and Domitian
This coin,depicted in Cohen(No. 8), wasformerly in the collectionof ,M. Jarry, of Orleans,which,after his
VOL, XVII. THIRD SERIES. H
50
NUMISMATIC CHKONICLE.
32. 050.-T.
CAESAE
IMP.
YESP.
Laureate head to r.
R&G.-PONTIF TE. POT. Fortune to left, on a cippus, holding a cornucopiae and a rudder. 112 grs. [No. 210.]
reate bust to r.
Rev.-CONCOEDIA
AYG.
cornucopiae her right hand, and two earsof in cornandapoppyheadinherleffc;in the exergue, EPHE. (the last three letters in ligature).
113Jgrs. [No. 207]
Thisaureusat oncebetrays its Orientalorigin by its workmanship and fabric. It is presumed that it was struck at Ephesus, when Titus was in Asia Minor, before his father'sdeath.It differsfrom Cohen (No.38)in having
the head laureate instead of bare, but this may be an
error on the part of the author,in which case maybe this the example(then in the possession MM. Rollin and of
Feuardent) from which the description was taken. It
formed Lot 157 of the D'Amecourt sale, 1887.
BARE AND UNPUBLISHED ROMAN GOLD COINS. 34. Oh.-IMP. Itev.-TB. TITVS
Laureate
51
CAES. VESPASIAN.
to r.
head
P. V1LLL. IMP.
XTUI.
COS. YII.
to r, leaning against a column, and holding a helmetand a spear. 112 grs. [No. 211.]
CAES.
to 1.
Laureate
head
IMP.
Wingedfulmeu on a throne. 113 grs. [No. 215.] This is describedin silver (Cohen,No. 314), and with the
unpublished.
36. Oto.-IMP. j^,~~TR. TITVS P. IX. CAES.
head to r.
Laureate
IMP.
XV.
114grs.
52
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
TITVS P. IX.
AW. VIII.
P.M. P.P.
Laureate
head to 1.
Trophy, at the foot of which are a woman, in an attitude of grief, seated to 1., and a man, with his hands tied behind him, seated to right.
Ill grs
[No. 214.]
A similaraureus, with the Emperor's headto the right, appears Caylus, is not in the FrenchNational Colin but
lection or elsewhere,to my knowledge. The present type, with the head to the left, is described in silver (Cohen,
R*o.-DIVVS
TITVS
AVGVSTVS.
Laureate
head of
53
This splendidaureus is unpublishedand apparently unique. A similar type in silver is described Cohen in (No. 2). Though evidently struck after the death of
Titus, the head of that emperor does not bear the radiate crown as is the casewith the usual type (Cohen, 1). The weight is noteworthy.
DOMITIAN.
39. Obv.-IMP.
reate
CAES. DOMITIANVS
head to r.
Lau-
Rev.-TE.
P. COS. VII.
DES. VIII
Laurel wreath
on a doublecurule chair. 112 grs, [No. 228] This rare aureus is described by Cohen (No. 571) from Schellersheim only. It is suggestedwhether the presence of the two curule chairs may not refer to the two consulates,the one in actual enjoyment, the other designate.
40. Oh.-IMP.
reate ev.-TE.
CAES.
POT.
DOMITIANVS
n. COS.
AVG.
THE.
P.M.
IX.
LauP.P.
54
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
This is not described Cohen, in and my example was sold to me by MM. Eollin and Eeuardentas being an uniqueexample. Anotherspecimen the type,however, of is in the French National Collection. The weight is
abnormal.
42 Olv.-IKP.
&V.-TR.
right to left).
CAES. DOMITIANYS
head to r. POT. III. IMP. TE.
AYG. GEEMANIC.
V. COS. X. P.P.
Laureate
Helmeted figure of Pallas to 1., holding a long lance in her right hand, her left hand on her
hip. 119igrs.
[No. 233.]
This seems quite unpublished, though there are other types with the samereverse legend,two of which are next described(Cohen,Nos. 355-358).
44. 0fo7.-IMP. CAES. DOMITIANYS AYG. GEEMANIC.
Laureate bust with aegis to r. J^-P.M. TE. POT. HI. IMP. Y. COS.X. P.P. Eagle, with wings displayed, on a fulmen. 120f grs.
[No. 236.] This is identical with Cohen (No. 358), except that the
Emperor's bust is to the right insteadof to the left, and is not draped, though the segisappears the breast. on
The differenceof weight among the aurei of Domitian,
RARE AND UNPUBLISHED ROMAN GOLD COINS. 45. Oh.-IMP. Jfcz?.-P.M. CAES. DOMITIAN.
head to r,
55
Laureate
meted figure of Pallas to r., on prow of vessel, throwing a javelin and holding a "buckler; at
of DOMITIAN.
AVG.
Rev.-GEEMANICVS COS. X. A German slave, in attitude of grief, seatedto the right on a buckler;
beneath,a broken spear. 120grs. [No. 232.] This, with the obverse DOMITIANVS AVGVSTVS is described in Cohen (No. 139) from Schetterskeim only. It is otherwiseunpublished.
47. Ofa-DOMITIAJWS
tor.
AVGVSTVS.
Laureate
head
Rev.-GEEMANICVS COS.XV.
Helmeted figure of
(from
Peacock to right,
56
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
The reading bothon theobverse reverse this piece and of differs from Cohen(No,1). In my collection another is aureus, legendon the obverse whichis the same the of as
Cohen (No. 1), but that on the reverse reads CONCOEDIA AYGTST., and this is the reading correctly rendered in the first edition of Cohen. I have never seen nor
Rev*-COS.IH. P.P. Simpuhrm,aspersorium, sacrificial vaseand augural staff. 117J grs. [No. 250.] This is a well-known type, of which the published
descriptionoccurs only with the words PATER PATRIAE, in ML on the reverse(Cohen,No. 147). With the contraction P.P. it is published in silver only (Cohen, Ho. 52), and appears to be a rarity even in that metal,
as Cohengiveshis descriptionfrom a piecein the collection of Mr. Hamburger only. In the first edition of Cohen it is described from the "Wiczay example only; but the latter may be identical with the former.
TEAJAN,
50. Olv.-IMP.
tor.
TEAIANYS
P. COS. YI. P. P. Draped and laureate bust R&O*-MAES YICTOE. Nude figure of Mars, hel-
meted, to L, in. his right hand a spear, in his left a trophy. 108 grs. (Somewhat worn.)
[No. 267.] PL n. 9.
IMP.
CAES.
NEE
TEAIAN.
OPTIM
AVG.
Laureate, draped
SVSCEPTA(in exergue). P.M. TE. P. COS.VI. P.P. S.P.QE. (around). The genius
of the Senate tor., sacrificing at an altar, iu the presence of the genius of the Eoman people, who holds a patera and a eornueopiae. 111J-grs. [No. 265.]
The obversebust and legend differ slightly from Cohen (No. 655). The workmanshipof this rare coin is remarkably fine, and much finer than that displayed on a somewhat similar piece in the National Collection.
52. Oh>. IMP. CAES. NEE. TEALAJSTO OPTIM. AVG.
This differs from Cohen(No. 187) in the clothing of the bust, and is one of the finest types struck during
VOL. XVII. THIRD SERIES. I
58
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Trajan'sreign. Theoccurrence the fine workmanship of shownon somanycoinsstruck during the sixth and last
consulateis significative of the fact that, during the later years of Trajan's rule, those engravers were at work, who distinguished themselves also so markedly during the early part of the reign of Hadrian.
HADRIAN 53. Oh.IMP. CAES. AND TKAJAN. HADEIAN. OPT. AYG.
TEAIAN. to r.
Ito-VIVO
54. 0^.-
IMP.
CAESAE
TEAIAN.
HADEIANYS
AYG.
Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust to r. Jkv.-P. M, TE. P. COS. HI. Jupiter seated to L, holding a fulmen and a sceptre. 113 grs. [No.
291.]
Bare head
59
.-AEGYPTOS.
This type,with the barehead of the Emperorto the left, is quotedby Cohen(No. 108) from the Elberling
collection only; with the same head to the right, as in the caseof my piece, it seemsto be unpublished.
56. O^.-HADEIANYS jfci;.-EESTITVTOEI AVGL COS. III. ACHAIAE. P.P. Bare bust of to 1.
raising Achaia, who is kneeling at his feet; between them a vase, from which issues a palm.
This very fine aureus differs from Cohen (No. 1214) in having the bust to the left instead of to the right, and
II. Concordseated to L, holding a patera; behind her, a cornucopiae upon a cippus. 107 grs. [No. 314.]
A somewhat similar piece published Cohen is by (No. 4) fromCaylus ; but on referring Caylus's only to work,
I find no such coin mentioned.
ANTONINUSPius,
58. Olv.-ANTONINYS
IUL
Laureate head to 1.
60
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Rev.-LIB. im
garment. llO^grs.
[No. 325.]
This differs from Cohen (No. 496) in having the head to the left instead of to the right.
59. Obv.-~ANTONINYS AYGK PIVS P.P. TE. P. COS.
III.
Rev.-YICTOEIA
60. Oh.-.ANTONINYS
Cuirassed
PIYS
Rev.-COS. mi. (in exergue); around, YOTA SVSCEPTA DEC. III. The Emperor veiled to L, sacrificingat a tripod. 112Jgrs. [No. 340.]
Laureateand draped bust to r. jfc^- COSIHL (in exergue); around,YOTA SYSCEP. DECENN. HI. Same type as the last. 1124grs. [No. 341.]
61
AVG. CAESAE
PIVS
P.P.
TE.
to 1.
P. COS. F. COS.
head of Antoninus
Rev.-AYEELIYS
AVG.
PII
AVG. PIVS
head of Antoninus
tow.-AYEELIYS
bust of Aurelius to r. 113| grs. [No. 351.] The abovethree aurei are all, as shown by the weight, in the finest state of preservation, and it is strange that they should all present variations of the types described
the Yerona find of 1887; these being the only gold coins (among almost 3,000 denarii) in that find which he de-
65. Oh.-AYEELIYS
CAESAE
AVG.
PII
F.
COS.
Young headto r.
62
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Rev-IYYENTAS.
delabrum. Ahalfaureus. 50grs. [No. 371.] Described in Cohen (No. 388) from the "Vente de Moustier" only. 66. Oh - AYEELIYS CAESAE AYG. PIT F.
bust to r.
Draped
and a spear. Half aureus. 58 grs. [No. 377.] A similar half-aureus is described by Cohen (No. 617) from an examplein the possession M. Elberling. This of description, however,leadsus to infer that the bust on that examplewas not draped. My specimenwasNo. 1167 in
the De Quelen sale.
67. Oh.-IMP.
Bare
CAES. M. AYEEL.
head to r. AYGYSTOE
ANTONINYS
. TE. P. XY.
AYG.
In
5^.-CONCOEDIAE
exergue, COSHI.
Yerus claspinghands. Ill grs. [No. 382.] This coin,with the bare head,is describedin Cohen(No. 70) from an examplein the possession MM. Eollin and of Feuardent only. This may be the sameexampleas mine, which I purchased at the sale of Dr. Seyffer's coins (Lot 954).
68. 030.-IMP. CAJES. M. AYEEL ANTONINYS AYG.
Draped bust to r. Jfca.-CONCOEDIAE AYGYSTOE . TE. P. XVI.; in exergue, COS. HE. Marcus Aurelius and
63
It maybe useful, though, perhaps, little out of place a here,to notethat the aureus M. Aurelius,described of by Cohen No. 476, shouldread COS. Ill, and not simply as
COS. 69. Olv.-M. ANTONINYS AVG. TR. P. XXVI. Lau-
This very fine aureus differs from Cohen(No. 308) in having no cuirass the bust. The globereferred to by on Cohenas being in the field, appearsto be a component part of the spear. This aureus formed Lot 320 of the
D'Amecourt 70. 0fc>.-M. sale. ANTONINVS AVG. GEEM. SAEM. Lau-
Peace (?)
thereis no doubtin my own mind on the subject, as the emblem the caduceus of wouldhardly leadto any
other conclusion.
64 71. Ofa-M.
Rev.-As before, but with the legend, TE. P. XXX. IMP. YTIL COS.El. 11H grs. [No. 399.] This type is unpublished of the thirtieth tribunitian
Laureate,
FAUSTINA
THE YOUNGER.
73. Oto.-TAYSTENA
hair
tied in a knot
R&o-AYGYSTI
PH EIL.
and an arrow. 112 grs. [No. 402.] This varies from Cohen(No. 19) in having the bust to
the right insteadof to the left, and in that respect resembles the half-aureus in the British Museum (Cohen, No. 20).
LTTCTUS YIETJS.
74. oiv.-IMP.
to r
Bare head
RARE A\D
65
Sev- CONCOEDIAE AYGYSTOE . TE. P. II.; in exergue, COS. H. Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Yerus standing and grasping hands. 112 grs.
[No. 419.]
Rev.-TR
P. III.
left on a bow, beneath which is a quiver; to the right, a trophy. llOi grs. [No. 421.] This varies, so far as the bust is concerned,and possibly also in the details of the reverse, from Cohen (No. 219), which is described from the Caylus exampleonly. The latter is erroneously omitted to be priced in the second edition of Cohen,and by an oversight is marked " G." 76. 0fc.-L
cuirassed
Drapedand
Jfc^-TE. P. m. IMP. H. COS. n,- in exergue, AEMEN. Similar type to the last. 111Jgrs. [No. 420.] A variety of Cohen (No. 5), which has the laureate
bust. 77. Ofa-L. Rev.-TE. YEEYS AYGK AEM. PAETH. reate and cuirassed bust to r. P. YL IMP. IHI. COS- II. MAX. Lau-
Yerus brandish-
ing a spearand galloping to r., over a prostrate enemy. 112grs. [No. 428.] A variety, so far as the bust is concerned,of Cohen (No, 287).
VOL. XVII. THIRD SERIES. K
66
reate and draped "bustto r. Eer.-TR. P. Y3H. IMP. T. COS. HI. Equity seated to L, holding the scales and a cornucopiae.
112grs. [No. 429.] A variety of Cohen (No. 317), which has the bust undraped.
79. OhL. YEEYS AVG. ARMENIACVS. draped, and cuirassed bust to r Laureate,
Rev- m
P. HH. IMP. II. COS. II. Victory, halfdraped, to the r., placing upon a palm -tree a
AVGVSTA.
Draped bust to r.
Rev*- PECVNDITAS. Lucilla seated to r., with a child on her knees ; a young girl at her feet.
RAHE AND
UNPUBLISHED
67
COMHODTJS.
81
01*.-IMP.
CAES. L.
AYEEL.
COMMODYS
GKEEM.
hexagonalshields,trumpets, and lances 111J grs. [No 435.] A variety of Cohen (No. 91) which is described from
Lot 424. A similar type and legend,with slight variations, occur on large and small bronze coins of Commodus,issuedduring his eleventh, twelfth, and fourteenth tenures of tribunitian power, but their occurrencehas not hitherto been recordedon gold or silver coins.
83. 0Jf?.-M. COMM. ANT. P. PEL. AYG. BEIT. Laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust to r. &v.-MOST. YICT. P.ML TE. P. XIIIL COS.Y. P. P.
Minerva to L, holding a Victory and a spear; at her feet, a buckler; behind her, a trophy. 112grains. (CohenNo. 364.) [No. 449.]
This is describedby Cohen from this exampleonly. It formerlybelonged the late M. Mandar. to
68 84. <?&?.-M.
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE. COMH. ANT. P. EEL. AYG. Laureate and cuirassed "bust to r. COM. P.M. TE. P. XYI BEIT. P.P.
ev.-EEEC.
COS. VI.
of the Hesperides, which,is attached quiver to a and lion's skin; between the two, a lighted 112grs. [No 451.]
CAES. M. DID.
IVLIAN.
AVG.
Laureate
head to r.
Rev.-CONCOED. MILIT. Concord to L, holding a military ensign in each hand, one surmounted
(No. 2), except in the legend of the obverse. It formed Lot 370 of the D'Amecourt sale, and passedinto the hands of Dr. Von Scheniss,at the sale of whose coins I purchased it. The lightness of weight of this aureus is very remarkable, seeing that it is in the highest state of preservation.
PESCENKTOS NIGEE,
86. Oto.-IMP.
CAES.
C. PESC.
NIGEE
IVST.
AVG.
Laureate and draped bust to r. Rev.-EOMAE AETEENA. Eome seated to L, on a cuirass,holding a Victory and a spear. 107^ gra.
69
the Catalogue the sale,the descriptionin the text is of altogether erroneous, errors have alsocrept into the and descriptionof what I presumeto be the samecoin in
Cohen (No. 59). The secondword in the reverse legend
is, however grammatically incorrect,clearly AETERNA, and there is no buckler at the feet of the seated figure of
Eome.
SEPTIMIUS SEVERTTS.
87. 0fo.- L.
SEPT.
reate
SEV. PEET.
AVG. IMP.
II.
Lau-
head to r.
.-VICT.
Victory to r.,
A secondbrass coin, described out of its proper order in Cohen(No. 691), seems bear the same to reversetype and
legend,and No. 689 is a gold piecebearingthe obverse legend IMP. III. instead of IMP. II. The editors of
the last edition of Cohen refer, under this head, to a piece belonging to the Vicomte d'Amecourt, bearing the inscription IMP. VII. This appears to be an error, as his example (No. 381 in his Sale Catalogue)was inscribed
IMP. ini. SEPT. SEV. PEET.
damentum.
88. 0J0.- L.
Lau-
reate head to r., with slight traces of the paluRev.- FQETVNAE EEDVCI. Fortune seated to L, holding a rudder in her right hand and a cornucopiae in her left; beneath her seat, a wheel.
/O
NUMISMATIC
CHRraiCLE.
from the example the British Museumin the details in of the bust, which on that example is draped and
cuirassed. 89. Oh.-L. Rev.-VOTA SEPT. SEY. PEET. AYG. IMP. VHI.
[No 474.]
This is included in the present list simply on account of its rarity, as it is described in the last edition only of
Laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust to r. jfcw.-COS. n. P. P. Victory to 1., holding a wreath in her right hand, and a palm-branch in her left.
apparel, galloping to r., holding a spear,barbed at eachend. 108J grs. [No. 477.]
This is unpublished gold, being described Cohen in in (No. 577) in silver only.
92. Olv.-SEYEEYS Itw.-INDYLGENTIA PIYS AYG. Laureate head to r. The CarAYGG. IN CAETH.
thaginian goddess turreted seatedon lion running to r.; sheturns her face also to the right,
71
holding in her right hand a fulmen, in her left a sceptre; beneath, waters flow from a rock 108grs. [No. 480.] This is described in Cohen (No. 227) from an example
(which maybe the samespecimen) the collectionof in M. Duquenelle. In the ordinar}?type the goddess is
seatedfacing.
93. 03z>,- SEYEEYS PIVS AYG. Laureate head to r.
SVSOEPTA XX. Severus with pontifical veil to r., holding a patera,and sacrificing
at an altar; a lictor? faces him on the other side of the altar, at the back of which is the
upper part of the body of a musician, who plays the doubleflute. 110grs. [No. 486.] There are two varieties of this rare type. On one aureus (Cohen, No. 793), described from the example in
a large bronzecoin (Cohen, 79S),which differsin the No. obverselegend, the flute-player is depictedas on my
aureus. The above specimen is from the Belfort collection.
EM.-AETEENIT.
IMPEEI.
reate, draped, and cuirassed, facing that of Geta,bareheaded, draped,and cuirassed. 112J grs. [No. 490.]
This formed Lot 459 of the Comte Du Chastel's sale.
72
The abovetwo coinsvary in detail and legendsfrom all the three varieties of this rare type describedin
Cohen.
JULIA DOMNA.
96. Ofa--IYLIA DOMNA AYGK Drapedbust to r. Ew.-EOMAE AJBTEENAE. Helmetedfigure of Eoma seated left on a buckler,holding in her right to hand a Yictory with palm and wreath, and in
her left a sceptre. In exergue ^S.
[No. 492.]
Ill
grs.
97. Oh,-M,
AYE.
ANTONINYS
CAES.
Bareheaded
young bustto r., drapedand cuirassed. ev.-SPEI PEEPETYAE. Hope to 1., holding a flower in her right hand, and raising her robe with her left. 113grs. [No. 505.]
*
I have given this aureus it is described Cohen as by (No. 593)from this example only, then in the De Quelen cabinet. Though not so described,there are distinct
traces of a cuirass on the shoulder.
73
98 Obv.- ANTONINYS PITS AYG. Young laureate, draped, and cuirassed, to r 2&H?.-INDYLGENTIA AYGG. IN GARTH. to r., beneath, waters flow from a rock.
celestial goddessof Carthage, holding a fulmen(*} and a sceptre,seated a lion running on grs [No. 512.]
Rev.-COS. II (in exergue). Caracalla in a quadriga to r., holding a sceptre, surmounted by an eagle. llHgrs. [No. 513.]
This coin was purchased at the Vicomte de Ponton d'Amecourt's sale,and varies from Cohen (No. 37), which wasdescribedfrom an example in the British Museum, in
w.-P.M.
TE. P, XYHIL
COS. im.
P. P.
Sol,
74
3SUMISMAT1C CHRONICLE.
a doubleaureus. A large brasspieceof a similar design is described Cohen(No. 327). Gold medallions by of this Emperorare excessively ; only two others are rare described Cohen one(No.293)being in the French by Cabinet, and the other (No. 341) in the British Museum.
102. Oh.-. ANTONINYS
and cuirassed
PIVS
GEEM. P.P.
Laureate Caracalla
bust to r.
Rw.-
in military apparel to 1 , accompanied by a senator (?), sacrificing at an. altar ; to the left, a standard and a temple with four columns, seen from the side, in, the forepart of which is a statue
of Aesculapius holding a rod and serpent, behind Mm a neophyte3 (?). 112grs. [No. 51*7.]
This is a very interestingaureus, and is a variety of Cohen (No.317),which was described from an example in the British Museum. The weight is noteworthy,as the piece is piercedby two fairly large holes. Another example, with tlie bust to tlie left laureate draped, and appears theAncienCatalogue (but does now exist in of not in) the FrenchCabinet. Whetherthe smallfigure within the cellaof the templeis a child, as suggested Cohen, by or a neophyte, I suggest, as may be problematical. In the Numismatic Chronicle* ii , 3rd Series, 47, Mr. vol. p.
Warwick Wroth refers to the coin in the British Museum,
and shows that it records Caracalla's sacrifice to Aescu-
lapiusat Pergamon, that the date,A.D.215, is that and of the very year after his visit to that Asiatic city. The Greek imperial coins of Pergamonwith Aesculapian typesare fairly numerous, owing to the Emperor's visit, and to his partiality to the cult of that divinity.
3 ProbablyTelesphorus.
75
Laureate
^y._p.M.
TE.P. XVHL COS. HI!. P. P. The superstructure of a round temple, beneath -which is an altar, at which the Emperor is sacrificing; behind him, a togated figure and a boy. On the other side of the altar is a veiled priest, accompanied by a neophyte, behind whom is a roughly executed figure of another priest (?). The chief priest holds in his hand an object, which may be the key of the temple, or it may be a portable pedestal, upon which is a figure of a god, which otherwise may be considered as being erected within the cella of the temple. This figure cannot be Aesculapius, but may be a poorly executed representation of Telesphorus.
llljgrs.
This most interesting aureus is unpublished, but may be the same example as that shortly described in the sale catalogue of General Moore's Greek and Roman coins (Sotheby's, 1889, Lot 806). The round temple differs so materially from the ordinary representation of the temple of Aesculapius, that it must be that of some
R&o.-P.M. TE. P. XX. COS. IHX P. P. Jupiter Serapisseated L, holding earsof corn (?) and to a sceptre. 99 grs. [No. 520.] This is a variety of Cohen (No. 384), which latter is described only from an example in the D'Amecourt Collection (sale catalogue, No. 428). Cohen errs in de-
76
KUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
a very different treatment of the bust in that respectfrom that represented on my coin. The light weight of this piece, -whichis in the finest condition, is noteworthy.
GETA.
105. Obv.-P
Young bust
Rev,-CASTOR. Castor to 1, before his horse, against which he supports himself, and which he holds by the reins ; in his left hand is a sceptre. 112
This is described in Cohen (No. 11) from an example in the Caylus collection only. The author doesnot, however, mention the cuirass, and raises a doubt, which, I
think, my specimen clears up, as to whether the object held by Castoris a sceptreor a spear.
106. Oh.-P. SEPT. GETA PIVS AYG. BEIT. Laureate
This is unpublishedin gold, but is describedin silver by Cohen (No. 149),and is a commonpiece in that metal. It wasformerly in the D'Amecourt collection (Lot 440).
DlADTJMENIAJSnCJS.
107. Oh.-
M.
OPEL.
ANT.
DIADYMENIAJST.
CAES.
Draped bust to r. Rev-PEINC. IYYENTYTIS. Diadumenian to 1., but with Ms head to r.; in his right hand, an ensign surmounted by an eagle; in his left, a sceptre; behind him, two ensigns, one surmounted by an eagle, the other by a hand (?).
77
Becker
concocted two or three dies of Diadumenian's aurei, but not one of them corresponds to the piece described, which, in other respects, seemsto have no cause for suspicion,beyondthe somewhat weak lettering of the words of the legend on the reverse; a feature which,
however, also occurs on some of the coins of Macrinus.
I may add lastly that my piecewas purchased me of by MM. Hollin and Feuardent,who had previously acquired
it from the late G. I. Demetrio, of Eamleh, a most con-
scientious savant, whoseoriginal letter on the subjectis in my possession. statesthat he bought it from a He
Cairo merchant, in whom he had the fullest confidence,
and whoinformedhim that it had been found in Upper Egypt at Akhmim (Panopolite Nome), and that the fellah who found it, when digging, had given it to his wife, who wore it round her neck. A Copt bought it
from her, and sold it at Cairo to the before-mentioned
78
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
108. Oh.-IMP.
C. M. AYE
ANTONINYS
F. AYG.
ev.-EECTOE OEBIS. The nude figure of Elagabalus to 1., laureate, and with a mantle thrown over his left shoulder; in his right hand a globe, and in his left a spear. 113 grs. [No.
549]
This unpublished piece (from the D'Amecourt sale, Lot 460) is of a very large module, and is evidently of Asiatic fabric. The proud title of EECTOE OEBIS has not been previously recorded as occurring on any of his coins, though it is found upon those of Didius Julianus, SeptimiusSeverus,and Caracalla.
109. A similar piece, but with the head of the Emperor to
110, 0fo-IMP.
ALEXANDEE
PIYS AYG.
Laureate,
draped,and cuirassed bust to r. Rev.-MARS YLTOE. Mars in military dress r., holdto
79
Laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust to r. TE. P. VII COS. IT. P. P. Mars, nude, helmeted, with flowing mantle, marching to r ,
This also is described by Cohen (No. 331) only from the Ancien Catalogue,which, for the benefit of English readers,I should explain, denotesthat an example of the
piece was originally in the French Cabinet but it is no ; longerthere,owing either to the great robberyin 1831,
or someprevious depredation.
112. Obv.- IMP. C. M. AYE. SEY. ALEXAND. AYG.
Laureate and draped bust to r. ;.- P.M. TE. P. YII. COS. H. P. P. Mars to r., nude, helmeted, and with flowing mantle, carrying a spear and a trophy. A half-aureus.
48J grs. [No. 560.] This unpublished half-aureus seems to resemble the
P. P.
Mars,
80 114. Oh-IMP.
&v.-P.M.
P. P. Sol (perhaps
a representation of the Emperor) to 1., with flowing mantle, raising his right hand, and carrying a whip in his left. A half-aureus.
Also unpublished. It was originally in the Lefroy, and afterwards Lord Bagot's collection, and, at the sale of the latter, it was purchased for M. Belfort, who subsequently disposed his own cabinet. The half-aurei of of SeverusAlexander are very rare, only four types being describedby Cohen, not one of which is in the French
Gabinet. Two are in the British Museum, one in Yiennsr,
There is
apparently no justification for the denominationof " quinarius usedby Cohen " and otherauthorsin describing the half-aureus. The quinariuscan,as its derivation
shows,only apply to a half-denarius.
URAJSTUS AOTONINUS.
115. Olv.-Ij.
IYL. AYE. SVLP. (L and P in ligature) ANTONINYS. Laureate, draped, and cuirassed
bust to 1.
Jbv.-SAECYLAEES AYGQ A cippus, inscribed COS. I, with traces of another S before the I.
My
81
AVGK
DITAS AVGK (the most ordinary) type. M. Lenormant, in the RevueNumismatique, 1843,pp. 255-278,has written fully concerning the reign and coins of this tyrant, and suggeststhe attribution of the latter to the time of Severus
mayin that case refer to Philip and Uranius(and not to Philip and his son,as on his coin),in the same way as Carausius, under similar circumstances, struck pieces
associating his own name with that of Diocletian and Maximianus. In that case,however, Uranius could not
82
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
whenthe Ludi Saeculares were celebrated; unless,indeed, some subsequentpretender continued to strike in his
name.
GOEDIAN HE.
117. 0^.-
IMP.
reate
CAES. GOEDIANYS
bust to r.
PIVS
AYGL
Lau-
Gordianus, veiled, to
L, sacrificingat a tripod, and holding a sceptre. 74J grs. [No. 574.] This differs from Cohen (Nos. 209 and 214), on which
AYGr. respectively.
118. 0J0.- IMP. CAES. GOEDIANYS PIVS AYG. Lau-
reate, draped, and cuirassed bust to r. J5w.- LIBEEALITAS AYG. H. Liberality to L, holding a tessera and a double cornucopiae.
PHILIP
THE
AYG.
Laureate, draped,
This is the example lately in the Poydenotcollection, fromwhich Cohen (No. 191)described type. Another the
83
Rev.-SAECYLYM NOYYM. Temple with six columns, in the centre of which is Jupiter (or Roma)
ing her facewith a veil, and holding a sceptre; behindher, a column. 66 grs. [No. 596. J
84
NUMISMATIC CHBONICLE.
(Cohen, No. 18). The column seems be an exaggerato tion of the back of the seat, depicted on the original piece.
VOLTJSIANTJS.
CAE
G. YIB.
YOLYSIANO
AYGK
Ea-
diate, draped, and cuirassed bust to r. ev -CONCOEDIA AYGGK Concord seated to I, holding a patera and double cornucopiae; a
reigns,sothat it is often doubtful whether such bust is draped not. As an example, or No. 10, of which I have a specimen, which the bust is drapedand cuirassed, on
is described simply as bearing a laureate bust. This, I think, should be amended in future editions. The
123.
Oil?.-IMP.
CAE.
0.
YIB.
YOLYSIANO
AYGK
Ea-
diate and draped bust to r. (described by Cohen as radiate only). Ret).-PIETAS AYGGK Piety to L, before a lighted altar, raising both her hands. 73 grs. [No.
607.]
This is described silver only (Cohen, in No. 88). A further example gold, in somewhat in inferior condition,
occurredin the collection of the Vicomte de Quelen.
85
124. Oh.-IMP.
CAES.
AEMILIAJSTYS
P.
P.
AYG.
Laureate, draped, and cuirassed bust to r. j&y.-DIANAE YICTEI. Diana to 1., holding in her right hand an arrow, in her left a bow. 50^ grs.
areknown. The specimen described Cohen(No. 4) is by the examplein the British Museum, which, however,is distinctly and unmistakably of Becker'sforgeries. one
VALERIAN. 125. Olv.-IMP. C. P. LIC. VALEEIANVS AVG. Lau-
reate, draped, and cuirassed bust to r. jta,.-P.M. TE. P. III. COS.HI. P, P. Valerian, veiled, 58J grs.
[No. 609.]
This is described Cohen by (No. 162) from an example (whichmay be mine) from the Ventede Moustieronly.
The legend on the obversedoesnot include P . P., aswould
86
3STTJMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
reate, draped, and cuirassed bust to r. ev.-EOMAE AETEENAE. Eoma seated to 1., on
a buckler, holding a Victory and a spear. 52J grs. [No. 614.] Describedby Cohen (No. 191) from the Ancien Catalogueonly.
128. Olv.-IMP. C. P. HO. YALEEIANYS P. P. AYG.
.-YIETYS
Unpublished gold,though on a billon coin a similar in reversetype,but with the Emperor's headon the obverse radiate, in thepossessionMM. Eollin andFeuardent, was of
and is describedby Cohen (No. 267). My pieceis some-
what smallin size,and not in the higheststateof preservation ; henceits light weight.
GAUJENTTS.
129. Ok>.-.IMP.
C. P.
LIC.
GAJLLIENYS
bust to r.
P.P.
AYG.
Laureate
and cuirassed
Rev.-YIETYS AYGG. Mars marching to r., holding a spearand a trophy. 32 grs. [No. 620.]
Except as regardsthe bust and obverse legend,this unpublished variety resembles Cohen(No. 1,269),which is described from Caylus only.
130. 0^.-IMP. GALLIENYS AYG. Laureate head to r.
Rev.-ABYNDANTIA AYG. Abundance r., emptyto ing her cornucopiae. 22J grs. [No. 622.]
87
denominated quinarius. The weight of my piecewould a not, under any other reign, be inconsistentwith this attribution, but I havelong sincegiven up the task of attemptingto reconcile fix any reasonable or basis the for weightsof the gold coinsof this Emperor.
131. Olv.-GAUJDE2STVS AYGK
cuirassed bust to r.
jfte.-:AETEENITAS AVGK The Sun, radiate, to L, raising his right hand, and holding a globe in
Ms left. 14 grs. [No. 623.] Whether this very small piece is the one intended to
AYGK
Laureate
and cuirassed
j&0.-rECYNBITAS AVGK Fecundity to L, extending her right hand to a child, and in her left
JK00.-EIDEI PBAET. Three military ensigns. 81f grs. [No. 625.] PL II. 17.
88
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
134. O^.-GALLIENYS
and cuirassed
P. E. AYG.
bust to r.
Laureate, draped,
EEDYX.
globe; in her left, a cornucopiae in field on r. ; S . 22J grs. [No. 627] This appears be the identical specimenwhich wasin to
the D'Amecourt collection, and from which
Cohen's
description (No. 274) was taken. The author, however, has omitted to refer to the letter on the right in the field,
which seems to be S. IMP.
meted
135. Ok.-
GALLIENYS
and cuirassed
PIYS
FEL.
AYG.
Hel-
bust to r.
Rev. IANO PATEI. Janus to 1.,holding a pateraand a sceptre. 67Jgrs, [No. 629.]
Emperor'sbust and that of Janus is sufficientto constitute this an exceptionally interesting coin, and it is to
AYG.
BAKE AND UNPUBLISHED ROMAN GOLD COINS. 137. Obv.- IMP. 0. P. LIG. GALLIENYS
to r.
89
AYG.
Laureate
Her.- PBOYIDENTIA AYGG. Providence to L, holding in her right hand a wand, with which she indicates a globe at her feet; and in her left
This unpublished piece resembles, all but the obin verselegend,the half-aureusdescribedby Cohenunder
No. 879. 138. Olv.GALLIENYS AYG. Laureate bust to r.
Yictory in biga to r.
20 grs.
The coins with this reverse type have always a more or lesssatirical aspect. Somebear the legend GrALLIENAE AYGVSTAE, whilst others bear the Emperor's bust crownedwith corn-wreaths or grass. I find no record of any with the laureate bust.
SALONDOJS of Gallienus). (Son
cuirassed
CAES YALEEIANO.
bust to r.
Draped and
Eagle with open wings to L, looking to the right. 37 grs. [No. 646.] This piece was evidently struck on the death of Saloninus,and although included in the De Quelen sale (Lot 1,726), whence it came into my collection, it is not
publishedby Cohen. The samecoin probably figured as Lot 1,806in the sale,in 1878,of Roman coinsbelonging to M. Jarry of Orleans.
[H. MONTAGU.]
VOL. XVII. THIRD SERIES. N
MISCELLANEA.
THREE
KABE
MEDALS
MADE BY
W.
MOSSOP. -
William
Mossop (born 1751, died 1806), a -working jeweller and diesinker in Dublin, who designedand executed several original medals of high character and superior workmanship about one hundred years ago, none of which are more remarkable than his first untrained effort in medallic art, that of a portrait of the play-actor, Thomas Ryder, struck in 1782, was accustomed to rely altogether on his own genius and skill in design in the preparation of delicate wax models and in the subsequent preparation of the steel dies for striking his medals. In other words, his works are strictly his own, both in conception and execution,not copied from or prompted by extraneoussuggestions. To this general statement the three medals now described aie exceptional, for they are beyond question, to a large extent, replicas of originals made at Berlin. The complete set of these Berlin medals are six in number, the work of Ferdinand and Daniel Loos m the year 1794, intended to
record the excesses of the French Revolution, the death of Louis XVL, of Marie Antoinette, and of their son, the unfor-
tunate Dauphin. There are two silver medalsbeloaging to this series in my possession, which are submitted for comparison with the " Mossop " medals to be subsequentlydescribed. No, 1. Louis XYI.-Head of King to right, with flowing hair, inscribed, LOUIS XYI. ROI DE FR. IMMOL]6 PAR LES FACTIEUX. Beneath the
neck in small letters F. L,
MISCELLANEA.
91
Although Mossop engraved a replica of this medal contrary to his ordinary practice, he appears to have contemplatedpre-
Rev.-A
Fury holding a torch and weighing in scales a dagger against a crown inscribed LA LOI. Inscription, I'ACCUSE IE IUGE I'EXTERMINE. In the exergue, LE XVI OCTOBKE
MDCCXCIII.
No. 1. Louis XVI.-The obv and rev. copied closely from the medal by Loos. The inscriptions are in larger letters, to admit of which the size of the medal is somewhatenlarged, being 1 3. Beneath the head of the King, in small letters, is seen
w. M.
from that made by Loos. The bust looks to right, the hair is arranged with pearls, and the back part or knot appearsto resemble a small crown : dress ornamented with lis and jewels. Inscription, MARIE ANTOINETTE REINE HE
FRANCE. In minute letters under head, w. M. jto.-Inscription in five lines: IMMOLEE I PAR LES FACTIEUX I LE 16. OCT. 1793. = PLEUR^S
ET JVENG^B LA!
No. 3 The Dauphin.-Bust with long hair, clothed, to right. LOUIS XVH ROI DE FRANCE. In
minute letters below head, w. M.
92
NUMISMATIC CHBONIGLE.
These three medalswere acquired from separatesourcesand at long intervals. I obtained my first acquaintancewith the senesthrough a friend who permitted me to have a replica in electrotypeof the last piece, as he wished to retain the original, which was struck in white metal. I have lately ascertained that a similar white metal impression was m the possession of Sir Frederick Shaw, Bart., and am able to exhibit it, together with my electrotype. There are therefore now two impressions of this medal of the Dauphin known to me. Some years subsequent to this discovery I purchased in Dublin the medal relating to the death of Louis XYL, also in white metal. I know of no other examplethan this one. At a still later date the medal relating to Marie Antoinette reached me, together with a small miscellaneouscollection of coins and medals. This also is the only specimen that has come under my notice. Two of these medalsare briefly noticed in a paper by me on the " Medallists of Ireland and their Work" (see voL vii., 4th Series, Kilkenny Arch&ological Journal for 1885-86). The third medal of the series is undescribed, and as they are all rare and almost unknown, I believe they deserve to obtain wider attention. Why they were madewe know not, for there
Frenchemigrant,of whomnumbers came Ireland duringthe to devolution. Perhapsthey were trial piecesto occupy the
artist's leisure hours. At all events, few appear to have been
THEfollowingtableha.s beenpreparedto showthe numerical increase of the British Museum collection of Greek
coins sincethe year 1887,and includesthe acquisitions of 1896 (Januaryto December), which form the subject
of the present paper,1
G-REEK COINS ACQUIRED 1887-1896.
Year. Gold and Silver.
Electrum.
8 10 12 5 16 10 4 31
Bronze, &c
no 228 270 70 73 348 281 453
Total.
176 455 347 177 369 457 403 648
1895
1896
20
54
178
428
479
170
677
652
Total.
170
1,709
2,482
4,361
94
NUMISMATICCHRONICLE.
whichhas beenwholly expended the magnificent at coin salesof the late Mr. Hyman Montaguand the late Sir
Edward Bunbury. The Montagu Sale of Greek coins took place at Sotheby's in March, 1896,2 and the Bunbury collection was sold during the same year in two portions, the
first in June, the second in December. As will be seen
Museum boughtlargely, both at the Montaguand Bunbury sales,*and the coins thus procured form the bulk of the Greek acquisition'sduring the past year. A certain
by me in the Numismatic Chronicle for 1888, p. 1 f.; 1889, p. 249 f.; 1890, p. 311 f.; 1891, p. 116 f.; 1891, p. 117 f.; 1892, p, 1 f.; 1898, p. 1 f. " 1894, p. 1 f.; 1895, p. 89 f.; 1896, p. 85 f- I have had the advantage of consulting the
2 A supplementarysale took place in March, 1897. 3 The Museum bought both at the first and secondBunbury
gifts, due to the kindness the late Sir Edward Bunof bury (see infra, No. 1 and PI. VI.); Sir Henry Bunbury,4
Mr. E. Grant Duff, the Egypt Exploration Fund, the late Sir Wbllaston Franks, Mr. L. A. Lawrence, Mr. W. E. Paton, Mr. 0. B,. Peers,and Dr. Hermann Weber.5 In the present paper it has only been possible to make
ev.-Bull walking1.; headfacing. -33. Size,6-7 x 3-7 inch. Wt. 27,627 grs. [PL VI., rev. actual size.]
This fine exampleof the quincussiswas once in the Pembroke collection. The engraving of it given in
the Pembroke Num. Ant.9 iii. 119, under th,e heading
NummusGraecorum antiquissimus, inadequatelyrepresents the sturdy vigour of the original, and has caused
96
OTMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Eev.-TAPANTINUN
A similar quarter stater is in the Berlin collection, Dressel, Beschreibung III., pt. 1, p. 229. The owl occurs as
7 Engraved by Babelon, Mommiesde la tepub. rom. L, pp. 2, 3; Garrucci, PI. XX., p. 11.
97
2,]
On the diobolsthe headof Herakles is usuallyin profile. It is here represented nearly facing, and with a peculiarintensity of expression.
LAOS(LUCANIA).
4. Obv.-Female head r., wearing wreath, earring, and necklace } hair rolled and bound with cord j behind, AEP ? (magistrate's name).
Sev.-AAINUN
H
M.
98
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE,
A fine specimen,11 circ. B.C.400. The wreath is almost certainly of myrtle, and the goddess, therefore,Aphrodite. CAULONIA. (BBUTTII).
5. Obv.-Naked male figure, with long hair, advancing r.; r. hand upraised (holding branch); 1. hand ex-
tendedahove pedestal altar), on which, stag. (or JSev.-KAYAJQNIAT. - Stag standing behindstag, r.;
branch of ivy with leaves and berries.
M.
TEBINA (BKUTTH).
6. Obv.-Female head L, wearing ampyx and necklace with pendant.
Rev.-TEP INAION
Nike,wearingchitonand peplos,
GEL (SICILY). A
7. Obv.-C EA A ^ Fore-part of man-headed bull r.
(Biver Gelas).
Rev.-Quadriga r.; horses ci owned by Nike; border of
dots.
Jt.
From the Montagu Sale, March, 1896, lot 98; PI. H. 98.
99
SYRACUSE (SICILY).
8. Obv.-Female head 1. wearing earring and necklace; hair in sphendone, ornamented with stars ; around, dolphins; beneath, on tablet, EYKA (the en-
graverEukleides).
Eev.-Quadriga 1.; Nike flying r. to crown charioteer.
M.
From the Bunbury Sale, June, 1896, lot 460. 9. Obv.-^YPAKO^I. Type similar to last, varied.
10. Obv.-Head of Arethusa, three-quarter face, towards L, wearing ampyx, earring, and necklace ; dolphins swimming among the loose locks of hair; above outside border, A PEG [o^A].
Quadriga driven 1. by male charioteer holding long goad; horses in high action; above, Nike flying r. to crown charioteer; on exergual line, KIMI2N ; plain border,
M.
From the Montagu Sale, March, 1896, lot 154. AMPHIPOLIS (MACEDONIA). 11. Obv.-Head of Apollo, three-quarter face, towards r.; laureate; border of dots.
Eev.-AM4>IPOAITEHN written on a raised frame, within whiehis a torch; wholein incusesquare. M. Size1. Wt 219 grs. [PI. IIL 10.]
From the Bunbury Sale, June, 1896, lot 662.
100
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
CHALCIDICE
12. Obv.-Head of Apollo r., laureate, hair short. Rev.-X A A K I A E II N incuse square. Lyre with seven strings
Thetetradrachms the Federal Currencyof the Ohal of cidian League,B.C.392-379, though uniform in type
vary much, as regards the obverse, style and treatmem in
plicity, exemplifiedat its best in the fine specimen her photographed. Imitations of this faultless original di
seem to have been not unfrequently undertaken at th
the eye, oftenclumsilydealtwith, andbetraythe ham are of themeremechanic. A type of the same II. simplicity a
No. I, but the head more feminine and the cheeksfulle
13. Olv.-Head of Herakles r., in lion's skin " border of dotg. fteVi-AAEZANAPoY Zeus seated L, holding eagle and sceptre; beneath seat ^E; before Zeus, conical stone surmounted by star, and Q.
Size1-2. Wt. 262-5 grs. (=Muller, No. 645.) [PL IV. 1.]
From the Bunbury Sale, June, 1896, lot 760. ODESSUS (THRACE).
14. Obv.-Bearded Rev.-OEOY male head r., bound with taenia. MEfAAOY OAH Bearded male
figure, wearing taenia, chiton, and himation, standing L ; in outstretched r, patera; in 1. cor-
(magistrate's
M.
The obverse and reverseof this rare tetradrachm u (circ. B.C.200 or later) evidently represent the same divinity. The cornucopiasis an attribute, though a comparatively rare one,of Sarapis,and on the Imperial coins of Odessus figures of an undoubted Sarapis. occur.15 On the other
13The photograph is unsatisfactory, and fails to reproducethe details of the original.
16Hades-Sarapis seated,with Kerberos; Sarapisstanding,1 folding sceptre, r. handupraised(Pick in Num.Zeit., XXUL, his
p. 56).
VOL. XVII. THIRD SERIES. P
102
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
hand, the god represented this tetradrachmdoesnot on wear a modius,the usual head-dress Sarapis,and of the inscription OEOY MEPAAOY seemsto indicate
that a local divinity is intended. The name of the town
(OAH) is subordinated that of the god,and the into scriptionis paralleledby the AOHN AZ IAIAAOZ and
AHOAAHNOZ IMI0EHZ, which accompany the
wherethesedivinities were speciallyworshipped.16 The 0o$ fjiiyas of Odessus,17 his cornucopias, with resembles in appearance *A<ya6o$ the AaifjL&v the Pluto of Attic and art.18 When, during the Imperial age, the cultus of
Sarapisbecameprevalent in Thrace and Mcesia^ the local
godwasprobablypartially assimilated the morepopular to divinity, and on the Imperial coinageof Odessushe wears, fact, the modius Sarapis.19 in of
THASOS.
Rev.-10A^ION
16 Wroth, Cat. Troas, XI. 8 5 PI. IV. 1. PL 17 Von Sallet,Besclireibung p. 193,No. 8, describes I, him
as der *' grosseGott" von Odessus: cp. Pick, loc. cit. 18Michaelis, op. cit., p. 807. 19See Michaelis, op. cit.^ PI. E, No. 9; the figure holds cornucopias and patera over altar. Op. a similar type on
Imperial coins of Dionysopolis Moesia PL E, No* 11), in ($. wherethe figureis probablyto be described Sarapis. its
#.
A similar specimen, struck on a smaller flan, but of the samethin fabric, is photographed the Montagu in
Sale Catalogue,PL Y. 290 (lot 290); seealso Burachkov, Greek Coloniesof SouthernRussia,PL XIX. 47, and Brit. Mm. Cat., Thrace, p. 4, 'No. 3.
In point of art the headon this coin is inferior to the heads found on the earlier staters (e.g.,Brit. Mus.Cat^ Thrace, 4, Nos. 1, 2), which representthe Satyr with p. dishevelledhair-bold and original conceptions which, if somewhat bizarre,are not grossor repulsive.
MAONETES (THESSALY). 17. Obo. Head of Zeus r., wreathedwith oak; behind, border of dots.
20SeeJoubin, BufL Corr. HelL, 1894,p. 64, PL XYL ; cf. S. Reinach, Rev,Arch., 1895,p. 106. in
104
XTJMISMAT1CCHKOiaCLE.
Itev.-MAFNHTI1N
It has all the appearance being a gem-engraver's of -work,probablyof the beginning of the second century
(circ. B.C.196).
ALEXANDEE PHEEAE(THESSALT). OF
B.C. 369-357.
With AAEZANAPEIA the word Spa^/i^is understood. The stater of Alexander is inscribed AAEZ-
ANAPEIOX,
andtheMoioZAAEEANAPEION.2*
On
CTG
IN A
Bust
of Faustina
the
^ Originally lot 171 in the Photiades Sale, Paris, 189Q. 22Num, Chron.y1891, p, 124. .
GREEK COINS ACQUIRED BY THE BRITISH MUSEUM. 105 Rev.-AKTIA within wreath of reeds.
A " quinarius with the samereverseoccursunder " AntoninusPius (GardnerCat.,Thessaly, Nicopolis,"No. "
24). The reverse,like many other types of the coins of
20. Oiu.-Bull's
head facing.
M.
21. Obv.-Head of Athena r., wearing helmet ornamented with fore-parts of horses and Pegasos.
23A specimensimilar but badly preservedis describedin Brit. Mus. Cat., Thessaly,p. 105, No. 26. 24Steph Byz. 9. v. *Afcria: cp. P. Gardner in Joum. Hell. Stud., II. 96 f.
35Cp, Svoronos, No/xwr/iaTMo/ AeX0o)v, 13-16 (Bull. TO>V pp. Corr.Hell, 1896); Head,Cat. CentralUteece, 21, No. 78 p.
106
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
0E Owl on amphora; in field r., star AE between two crescents (badge of PA Mitbradates Eupator, King of Pontus); whole in olive wreath.
the partizan of Mithradates Eupator. The Athenian tetradrachms of the period bear the same names and badge.26 This stater was formerly in the Photiades Collection (1890,lot 716), and afterwards passedinto Mr. Montagu's possession. Another specimen belonged to De Luynes, and is now in the French Collection; a third is in the
Berlin Museum.27
Eus.
N.
23. Olv.-F
Stephanos ornamentedwith palmettes. 36Wroth, Cat. Pontus, p. xxvii.; Head, Cat. Attica, p, liii; Babelon, Melanges,L, 195 ff. 27Friedlaender and Von Sallet, Das K. MunzJcabinfit, 265. No. 38Formerly in the Photiades Collection.
24. Olv.-Head of king L, beardless, diademed. Rev.-A A The statue of the Apollo of Amyclae30r., helmeted, holding in upraised r. a spear; in 1., bow; the figure ends below in a column draped
substituted 414,and PLYI 414,with wreathin field of rev.; (lot cp. Gardner, Brit. Mus. Cat., Peloponnesus, XXIY. 1). PL
108
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
nated,and ensured himselfagainst rivalry by murdering or banishinghis most eminent fellow-citizens. Thefew
wealthier citizens who remained at Sparta were forced to
32I have throughout assumedthe genuineness of this coin, but I have not had an opportunity of seeing the original.
33Compare the genitive EBPYXEAMIOZ on a coin of ELing Hebrytelmis Hebryzelnris) (or with the genitive'E/fyvre'A.yuSoc an inscription found at Athens (Num. Chron., 1894, in p. 8).
satisfy his rapacious demands, if they refused or wereput to the torture and consigned the deadlyembrace an to of automaton, richly clothed,andresembling wife Apega, his but havingits armsand bosom studded with nails. In this way, and by the plunder of temple treasures, Nabisacquired money enoughto raisea considerable body
of mercenaries-a band of cut-throats, thieves, and housebreakers, selected from all the scoundrelism that had
been attracted to Sparta by his regime. He gained further adherentsby manumitting helots and slaves, and formed a profitable alliance with the pirates of
Crete.
In the treaty betweenthe Eomansand Philip, made in B.C. 204, Nabis appears one of the Roman allies, as and he now beginsto take a more active part in Peloponnesian affairs. On a trivial pretext he invadedthe territory of Megalopolis,and, though an ally of the Messenians, not deterred from seizing the city of was
Messene. From about B.C. 201 Nabis was defeated or
held in check by Philopoemen, but in 198 he held possession of Argos, where, more suo, he extorted money from the rich and ingratiated himself with the poor by cancelling debts and re-apportioning land. The garrison of Nabis was expelled from Argoa in B.C. 195, and he had already come into contact with
with the Aetolians,but was defeatedby Philopoemen, and in B.C.192 was assassinated Alexamenus, by the
general of an Aetolian force that had been sent to his
assistance. VOL. XVII. THlkl) SERIES. Q
110
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Laconia. Two coinsonly bear his name-the specimen heredescribed the tetradrachmfiguredby M. Lamand bros, Peloponnesos, 89. The latter is obviouslythe p.
earlier of the two. It is inscribed NABIOZ, without
the addition of BAZIAEflZ; and with regard to its types is practicallya merecopy of a tetradrachm already in circulation at Sparta,with obverse, Head of Athena;
reverse, Herakles seated,with club (Head, Historia Numorum, p. 386, fig. S44),34 At a later date, perhaps after B.C.204, when Kabis was entering on hostilities in Pelo-
ponnese, issued tetradraclun (PI. V. 2) with the he his title of king, andwith his own portrait to takethe place
of the head of Athena. tution of laurel wreath His head is bound with a laurel
wreath and not with the regal diadem; but this substifor diadem occurs on tetradrachms
rarity, each being, so far as I know, unique. It is unlikely, therefore, that they constituted the sole currency of Nabis during the fifteen years of his reign. It is
34This tetradrachm was assigned by Sir Charles Newton to
Allaria, in Crete, and his attribution was followed in the Brit.
Herakles (ib. Nos.41-43), and with the headof Athena and owl (ib. Nos. 44-46).35
The beardedhead on the tetrobols just referred to (Nos.
skin (asit is on earlier coins, Gardner, op. tit. " Laconia/* Nos. 2, 3), and that it is sometimeswreathed with laurel (as is the head of Nabis on our tetradrachm), sometimes with ivy, and is sometimes bound with a simple taenia. The head, moreover, though undoubtedly suitable for
Herakles, bears a sufficient resemblance to Nabis himself
M,
112
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
This specimen, when in the collection of Admiral Spratt, was described photographed M. Svoronos and "by
27. Obv.-Head of Athena L, wearing crested Athenian helmet ornamentedwith palmettes. Rev.-ITANIHN Eagle L, looking back; in field r.,
M.
Rev.-Bust of Hadrian r., laureate; beneath,KY (year JT* Size75. Wt. 119-5grs. [PI. Y. 9.]
From the Montagu Sale, March, 1896, lot 475. CYZICUS (MYSIA.) 29. Obv,-Head of Kore Soteira L, wearing earring, necklace, stephane, corn wreath, and veil wound round
head.
Bev.-KY
. . . Apollo, wearing himation over lower limbs, seated 1. on omphalos; in extended r.,
36Cp. Svoronos, Num. de la Qrhe am , PI. XIX. 17. 37Cp. Koehne, Mus. Kotscht.iibey, II. p. 256; Burachkov, H. XXIX. 167.
M.
30. Olv.-Janiform head, of late style (bearded male head 1., laureate ; female head r., wearing stephane).
Jfoy.-TENEAIflN
wreath
JR. Size 1-2. Wt. 247 grs. [PI. V. 11 rev.] From the Montagu Sale, March, 1896, lot 530.
ing coin of Tenedos, showingthe double-axe resting on a stand or support. On another coin publishedby him,40 an amphorais attachedby a taenia to the doubk-axe. Thesetypes seemto prove, as Imhoof-Blumer has remarked, that the TreXeKu? coinsrepresents doubleof the a axeconsecrated a cultus-qbjectat Tenedos. Imhoofas Blumer suggests that this object was dedicatedin a
temple of Tenes. Suidas and Pausanias connect this familiar badge of Tenedos with Tenes or Tennes, an ancient king of the island; but these and similar explanations found in the authors seem to be of no antiquarian yalue, and to be merely aetiological.41 The double-axe would rather appear to be connected with the god Dionysos,of whom it was sometimesthe attribute,42and
B.C. 330-280.
114
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
81. Obv.-Youthful
taenia.
El.
From the Montagu Sale, March, 1896, lot 545. 32, Qbv.-Female head r., hair rolled. Rev.-Head and neck of lion r.; incuse square.
" Lesbos," No. 56, but the obverseis much better preserved. A similar obverse occurs on No. 55 (ib.}, with reverse, helmet and a letter that probably indicates Mytilene as the mint-place. The head of No, 32 rather
43Cat., Troas, p. 93.
recalls the treatment of No. 58 in. CataL, Troas. (PI. XXXIII. 1).
AECHBLAUS, KING OF CAPPADOCIA. (B.C. 36-A.D. 17.) 33. Obv.-Head of Archelaus r., wearing diadem.
jR^.-BAZIAEHZ APXEAAoY WAoFlATPIAoZ
Club;
in field,
M.
(B.O. 128-123.)
34. Obv.-Head of Alexander II. Zebina r., diademed\ bead
and reel border.
NI KHOoPoY (in ex ) in 1. sceptre. JT. Size4-9. Wt. 133J grs. [PL Y. 8.]
Zeus wearing himation over lower limbs, and laurel wreath, seated1.on throne; in r., Nike holding wreath;
This unique stater was described by Mr. Montagu in the Numismatic Chronicle for 1892, p. 36.45 The usual inscription on the coins of this king is simply BAZIAEQZ
AAEEAN APOY; here three additional titles are added.
in the Seleucid coinage long beforethe reign of Alexander Zebina, but, as M. Babelon has pointed out,46it probably has here a special significance in connection
44Cp. Th. Beinach, Trois Boyaumes,p. 67, PL III., 23. 45Cp. Babelon, Rois de Syrie, p. cl. 46Babelon, o^. cit., pp. cxlix., el.
116
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
doubtless, strike this very coin, Alexander seized to the temple treasuresand carried off the golden Nike that
rested on the hand of the statue of Zeus-" Jovis solidum
ex auro signam Victorias tolli jubet."*7 This sacrilegious act he endeavoured to disguise by the pretext that he accepted the victory which Zeus offered him: facetis
jocis sacrilegiumcircumscribens nam Vietoriam com; modatamsibi ab Jove esset dicebat (Justin, loc. cit.}. His selectionof Zeus Nikephoros as a coin-type was
probably madewith the sameobject. Shortly afterwards
JL
(MlTHRADATES (AnSAOES B.C.174 136.) I YL) 36. Obv.-Bust of Mithradates 1.1., wearing diadem, torquis, and cuirass; border of dots.
ftfc-BAZIAEIIZ Eni<frANOVZ MEFAAOV Arsaces I. APZ AKOV seated r. on
behind, ^S; in
M.
From the Montagu Sale, March, 1896, lot 766. 47Justin, xxiv. 2 ; cp. Diod. Sie, xxxiv. 28.
117
A similartetradrachm the FrenchCollection photoin is graphed Gardner's in ParthianCoinage, I. 17 (p. 29). PI.
ALEXANDRIA (EGYPT).
37. 06u.-ANTU1NGINOC C6B6VC6B Head of An-
Rev.-L6N
A 6KATO
Milesian Apollo) standing facing ; in r., stag r. ; in 1., bow; on head, wreath or taenia, indicated by dots; hair falls in two curls on shoulder.
Potin (or M). Size -9. [PI. Y. 13, rev.] Foundat Kom Washim, Egypt, and presented in (1896)by the
Egypt Exploration Fund.
This coin is in remarkably good preservation, and differs in several respectsfrom similar specimensalready in the British Museum. No. 936 in Poole's Catalogue, Alexandria, shows the figure slightly turned to the left in an attitude less rigid; behind is seen a tripod. No. 1,028 shows the Apollo facing, standing between two
producethe famousstatue of Apollo (called Philesios), at Didyma nearMiletus,madeby the sculptor Canachos beforeB.C. 494.49 The worship of the Milesian Apollo prevailed at Naukratis and may have extended to
Alexandria.50 WARWICK WROTH.
48No. 937 (ib.) has the figure facing,but the coinis badly preserved, the objectheld in the right handis doubtful. and
48See the note by Miss E. Sellers in The Elder Pliny's Chapterson the Hist, of Art, p. 60. 50Poole, Cat., Alexandria, p. xliii.
VOL. XVII. THIRD SERIES. B
118
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
I. At the Montagu Sale, March, 1896:-37, 56, 68, 80, 95, 98, 115, 121, 151, 154, 176, 180, 196, 199, 204; 209,240, 245, 247, 256, 271, 273, 274, 283, 285, 288, 291, 295, 307, 308, 313, 324, 325, 342, 343, 346, 354, 372, 378, 392, 393, 408, 409, 414, 416, 421, 431, 445, 448, 472, 475, 486, 492, 502, 515, 522, 530, 545, 546, 567, 575, 585, 594, 595, 597, 599, 600, 611, 619, 620, 625, 626, 627, 628, 635, 636, 638, 640, 643, 646, 647, 648, 650, 652, 655, 656, 658, 659, 662, 663, 664, 667, 669, 674, 675, 681, 682, 684, 687, 696, 716, 720, 732, 734, 740, 742, 746, 748, 752, 764, 766, 799, 803, 816.
574, 575, 579, 581, 584, 586, 589, 592, 602, 608, 609, 610, 611, 612, 613, 615, 619, 620, 621, 622, 623, 624, 625, 627, 630, 631, 632, 633, 634, 638, 639, 640, 646, 647, 662, 685, 687, 704, 705, 719, 726, 730, 731, 732, 738, 739, 746, 757, 760, 769, 770, 771, 774, 775, 776, 781, 784, 786, 789, 806, 818, 822, 825, 829, 835, 851, 853, 862, 866, 873, 910, 916, 938, 961, 971, 993, 996, 1,000, 1,001, 1,006, 1,007, 1,009, 1,012, 1,015, 1,018, 1,021, 1,022, 1,023, 1,024, 1,026, 1,027, 1,064, 1,082, 1,116, 1,130, 1,140, 1,145, 1,151, 1,154, 1,158, 1,162, 1,163, 1,168, 1,170, 1,173, 1,174, 1,179, 1,181, 1,188, 1,190, 1,195, 1,196, 1,199, 1,201, 1,202, 1,217, 1,228, 1,229.
A FIND
OF EOMAN
DENABII
NEAB
CAMBRIDGE.
AT the end of last month I was enabled to secure, as I believe, the whole of a small find of Roman Denarii which
Brickendonburylist, 16 appearalso in that for Cambridge, The latest date in the former is A.D. 249-50, and in the latter A.D. 248 ; so that there can be no rea1 SeeNum. Ckron., Ser. in., vol. xvL, p. 101,
120
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
sonabledoubt that they were deposited within a very fe\\ years indeed of each other.
Commodus Brickendonbury. 1 Cambridge. -
1 -
Septimius Sevems .
Julia Domna .
Caracalla
33
15
20
7
2
17
2 8 2
4 2 -
Elagabalus
Julia Julia
Julia
.
.
67
5
25
2
Paula
Aquilia Severa
Soaemias
Maesa .
2
15
23
2
1
11
Seyerus Alexander . Sallustia Barbia Orbiana Julia Maraaea Maximinus I. Maximus . . G-ordianus III.
144 3 30 19 1 25
55 1 17 1 29
Pupienus PMippus I.
Otacilia
1 9
__
12
2
Se^era
1 2
2 1
432
2 193
Minerva standing 1.
48
121
FOETY3ST. EEDYC.
Fortune
seated 1.
177
LIBEEO PATEL
MYNIFICENTIA
P. M. TE. P. IIH.
Bacchusstanding facing
AYG. Elephant r.
P. P.
. 304:
.348
1
1
1 1
COS. IL
Pallas stand-
ing 1
P M. TE. P. XI. COS. II. P. P. Fortune seated 1. PEOFECTIO AYGK Severus on horseback r. .
4161
451 578
EESTITYTOE
VEBIS.
Sevenis sacrificing L
599
1
7
JTJLIA DOMNA.
HILAEITAS.
Goddess standing L
72
YENYS FELIX.
Yenus standing 1.
.198
-
1
2
CARACALLA,
, .
80 95
1 1
1 1
MAETI PEOPYaNATOEI.
MAETI YLTOEI.
P. Xim.
1
1
1
1
Mars walking r.
COS. ni. P. P.
154
P. M. TE.
seated
P. M. TE. P. XVI.
standing 1.
P. M. TE. P. XYI.
COS. nn.
COS. IHL
P. P.
P. P.
Sarapis
212
Hercules
1 1 1
1
P. M TE. P. XX. COS. nn. P. P. Jove seated 1. PONTIF. TE. P. X. COS. II. Oaracalla stand-
ing r
440
1 1
1
Caracallastanding
. , . 441
465 Concord seated 1.
PEINCIPI IYYENTYTIS.
L, behind him a trophy
Caracalla standing
.... 505 1
SECYEITAS PEEPETVA. Pallas standing L . 562 YICT. PART. MAX. Yiotory running 1. . . 658
1 1
-17
122
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
GETA.
Cohen.
FELICITAS PYBLICA. Felicity standing 1. PONTIF. COS. n. Geta sacrificing 1. . SEOYEIT. IMPEEIL Security seated 1. . SPEI PEEPETYAE. Speswalking 1. .
1 1 1 1
_ 4
MACEINUS.
.21 . 23
-
1
2
ELAGABALUS.
1
1
INYICTYS SAOEEDOS. Elagabalus with club IOYICONSEEYATOEL Jove standing 1. . LIBEEALITASAYO.nl. Liberality standing1. LIBEETASAYG. Liberty standing 1. . P. M. TE. P. H. COS.H. P. P. Peacewalking 1, P. M. TE, P. III. COS.in. P. P. Sunwalking 1. P. M TE. P. im. COS. ni. P. P. Sun walking 1.
P. M. TE. P. ITU. COS. HL P. P. Providence
1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1
standing 1.
P. M. TE. P, Iin.
flying 1
COS. ILL P. P.
Victory
194
1
1 1
SECYEITAS SAECYLI.
seated r. .......
SPEIPEEPETYAE. Speswalking L . SPESPYBLICA. Speswalking 1. . . SYMMYS SACEEDOS AYG. Elagabalus tnpod TEMPOEYMFEL. Felicity standing 1. . YJCTOE. ANTONINIAYG. Yictory running YICTOEIAAYGK Yictory soaring 1., .
2 1 1 1 1 1
-25
123
CONCOEDIA.
Concord seated 1.
..,62
. 2
SEVERA. ... 2
-
seated 1.
2
2
1
1
JULIA
MAESA.
FECYNDITAS AVG. Fecnndity standing 1. IVNO. Juno standing1 PVDICITIA. Modestyseated 1. . . SAECVLIFELICITAS. Felicity standing 1.
SE"VERUS ALEXANDER.
. .
8 16 36 45
2 3 3 3
-11
23
38
2
2
TIDES MILITYM. Fides standing L, between two ensigns 52 FIDES MILITYM. Fides standing L, looking r.s between ensign and a vexillum (F) . an . 10 YI VLTOEL Jove seated 1 95
2
1
LIBEEALITAS AVG. Liberality standing 1. LIBEETAS (sic} AYG. Liberality standing 1. LIBEETASAVG. Liberty standing 1. . MAESVLTOE. Mars marchingr. . . MAJtTI PAOIFEEO. Mars standing1. . PAXAVG. Peacerunning 1 PIETASAVG. Piety standing1. . . P. M. TE. P. COS. P. P. Jove standing 1. P. M. TB. P. COS.P. P. Mars standing 1. P. M. TE. P. COS.P. P. Liberty standing L P. M. TE. P. IL COS.P. P. Mars standing 1. P. M. TE. P. H. COS.P. P. Peacestanding L P. M. TE. P. H. COS.P. P. Salus standing L P. M. TE. P. ni, COS.P. P. Jove standing L
Carried forward
, . . . . . . . , , . . .
108 115 149 161 173 187 196 204 207 215 231 236 239 249
1 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 2 2 3 1 2 2
32
124
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
1 Cohen 32
P. M. TR. P. HI
COS. P. P.
Alexander
stand-
ing 1.
.......
256
Mars running r.
Alexander sacri-
260
289
1
2 1 1 2
1
ficing L
.......
Equity
312
......
COS. n. P. P. Abundance
standing 1. ...... 315 P M. TR. P. 71. COS II. P. P. Peace running 1. 319
P. M. TR. P. M. TR. P. Tin. P. THL COS. in. COS. HI. P. P. P. P. Mars stand364
Alexander
marching r., with spear and trophy P. M. TR. P. 7IIH. COS.III. . P. Alexander
SAL7S P7BLICA. Salus seated 1. .
401
2
1
2
1
TICTORIA A7GK 7ictory standing 1. 555 7ICTORIA A7G-. 7ictory marching r. . 559 (obv. reads
ALEXAN.) -
1 1
1
7ICTORIA A7G. Tictory marching 1. 7IRT7SA7G. 7alour standing 1. . 7IRT7SA7G. Alexander standing 1.
SAIXUSTIA CONCORDIA A7GG. BAJEIBIA OBBIANA. .
1 1 3
i )5
Concord seated 1.
1
-
1
1
JtJUA
"M"A MATT. A.
FE07ND. A7G7STAE. Fecundity standing1. FELICITAS P7BLICA. Felicitas standing1. . I7NO CONSER7ATRIX. Juno standing1. 7EN7S GENETRIX. 7enus standing 1. . 7EN7S 7IOTRIX. 7enus standing 1.
7ESTA. 7esta, with palladium, standing 1.
5 17 35 72 76
81
3 1 5 1 1
3
85
-
3
]L7
TICTORIA A7G.
7ictory running r.
99
-
1
1
125
AEQVITASAVG. AEQYITASAYG.
CONCOED, AVG.
17 22
48
1 1
1
DIANA LYCIFEEA. Diana standing r. . FELICIT. TEMPOE. Felicity standing 1. IOYI STATOEI. Jove standing
69 72 109
1 1 1
LAETITIA AVG. N,
MAETEM
Joy standing 1.
Mars Providence inarchstand-
121
160
2
1
PEOPVGNTATOEEM.
ing r.
.......
COS. P. P.
P. M. TE. P. II.
ing 1. ....... 196 P. M. TE. P. 11.COS. P. Gordian sacrificing1. 216 P. P. M. TE. P. IIIL COS. II. P. P. Apollo
250
1 1
2 2 1 2 2
P. M. TE. P. IIIL
COS. II.
P. P.
Gordian
ing r.
mgr
..
Apollo seated 1.
Gordian standP. P.
PEOYID.
EOMAE EOMAE
AYG.
Providence standing 1. .
Eome seated 1. Eome seated L .
AETEENAE. AETEENAE.
313 314
1 2
SALYS AYGYSTI.
Salus standing r.
325
SECYEITAS PYBLICA. Security seated1. YICTOEIA AETEENA. Victory standingL YIETYTI AYGYSTI. Hercules standing r. YIETYTI AVGVSTL Hercules standing r.
PHILIPPTTS I.
1 1 1 2
-29
AEQYITASAYG.
ANNONAAYG.
Equity standing 1.
Abundance standing 1. .
9
25
2
2
FELICITAS TEMP.
FIDES EXEEOITYS.
Felicity standing 1. .
Fides standing 1. .
43
49
1
1
LAET. FYNDATA.
P. M. TE. P. IIII.
Joy standing 1. .
COS. II. P. P. Felicity
72 137
215
1 2
1
standing 1.
SEOYEIT. OEBIS.
......
Security seated L
YICTOEIA AYG.
YIETYSAYG.
Victory marching r.
seated L OTACILIA SEVEBA
227
240
1
1
-12
Valour
43 53
-
1 1
2
126
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
PHILTPPTTS II.
Cohen,
1 1
2
Most of the coins are of well-known types, but ther< are a few which deserve special notice. On a denariu of Elagabalus,Security is represented as seated to tin
of Mars marching to right with spear and trophy (a Cohen, 366),there is the Emperor bare-headed. The only other variety I found is one of the typ VICTORIA AVG (Cohen,559), in which the Emperor'
YII.
A DISCOVEBY OF KOMAN COINS ON THE SUMMIT
The Theodule Pass, you are doubtless aware, leads from the Valley of Zermatt into the Yalley of Yal Tournanche. Although a snowpass,it is much frequented; and there is a small inn at the summit (10,890 feet) for the accommodationof tourists. As many as one hundred
one,all togetherin a clump, and they had apparently been enveloped a bag, which had rotted. This is the in
128
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
him to call in the morning, but did not see him again. A few days afterwards I had the opportunity of inspect-
more than fifty had beenfound, and that " all the others were like it." I left Zermatt a few days afterwards, without expecting that I should hear any more on the subject. On September18th, 1896, I was again at Zermatt, and learnt that the girl who had discovered the coins was employedin one of the hotels. Her name is Josephine Pelissier, aged twenty-two, of the milage of Yal Tournanche. Asked if she had seenme on August 28th, 1895, she said " Yes.'* Asked why shehad not shownthe coins, shesaid, "Because shehad sent them downby her brother
to Val Tournanche to sell." Asked if she had sold them,
shesaid that elevenwere sold at fifty francs apiece,and downwards-the last one " to a gentleman of Rome for
ten francs/' She had got the remainder(forty-three) upstairs,and I bought them. Forty-two are bronze, and the remainingoneis a small silver coin of comparatively modern date. The forty-two Roman coins, as determined by you, are as follows:-
2
1
3
PROBUS.
A.D. 276-282.
CONCOEDIA MILIT. In exergue, XXIQ. , Probus and Concordjoining hands . .161 CONCOEDIA MILIT. In exergue, PXXT.
Probus and Concord joining hands . . 3 65 179
1
1 1
CONSEEYAT. AYG.
XXI.
In field, B; in exergue, 1
1 1 1
FELICITAS SEC. In exergue,SXXT. Pelicitas standing1. 225 FIDES MILITYM. In exergue,E$C. Fidelitas
holding two standards .... 252 350
MAETIPACIF.
ing to r.
PAX AYG.
Peace standing 1.
Yictory 739
-
1
8
A.D. 335-361.
Soldier attacking
varieties and dif-
ferent mints
CONSTAOTIUS GrALLTTS. A.D. 351-354. FEL. TEMP. EEPAEATIO. Soldier and fallen
19
horseman.
Yaiious
.....
A.D. 350-353.
MAGNEimTrs.
YICTOEIA
AYG. LIB,
EOMANOE.
In field,
Emperor and 54 , i 40
130
40
In
12
1 1
42
Themajority arecoinsof Probus Constantius bat and II., the ideathat theyweredeposited many centuries in the ago positionin which they were found cannotbe entertained
on accountof the presence the small silver coin, which of
teenth century. Assumingthat the girl's story is true, that shefound the wholetogether in oneplace(the space sheindicatedto me wasseven eight inchesdiameter), to they cannot,it seems me, have been deposited to there
much more than a coupleof centuries. You may naturally inquire how is it that they were (or
concealed under two stones-the large flat one to hide them, andthe square heavyone to keepthe otherin and its position. The placewherethey were concealed was off the usualtrack overthe pass. If you will look at the enclosed you will seethat the track on the Italian map side is at first, when descending, directed towardsthe north-west. Thecoinswerefound near the place where I haveput the red dot. No tourist or travellerordinarily goesin that direction. The placewherethey werefound was160to 170 feet from the inn (summitof the pass)
and 50 to 60 feet below it. The girPs duties, however, led her in that direction. Shewent to fetch water, which is collected from the dribbles of snow-water running off the rocks. She naturally went low down, to the edge of the snow, and made her discovery, because the rocks
manytimesin subsequent years,and I have never seen the rockson the Italian side as free from snow(that is, so completelyuncovered snow),so low down as they by
were in August, 1895.
Many Romancoinsand other objectshave been found in the valley of Zermatt,and not a few have beendiscovered from time to time on the Theodule Pass. I learnt
acquireda number,visited him on my way home,and expressed desire that he should sendhis collectionto a
London for examination. He has been so good as to
forwardtwenty-fivecoinswhich have beenfound on the Theodule Pass, I sendthem on to you, in the hope and that youmaydiscover something interestamongst of them.
You have been good enough to compile a list of these
M.
SEILEK'S
COINS.
JR
Quadrans.
Olv.-Head
of Hercules . . .
. j?E2
1
2
132
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Brought forward
NERVA.
Rev.-LTBEETAS
PYBLICA.
S.C.
Colt. 119?
Ml
Coh. 34
AURELIUS.
-2E2
IMP.
YIII.
AYG. FELICISSIMO.
S.C. Coh.8.
.331 1
I. . . ^El 1
Coh. 14 .
Rev.-Illegible
YICTOBINUS.
-2E3
Eev.-^YIETYS
AYG.
^33
^u.-CONSECEATIO.
Coh. 52 ?. DlOCLETIANUS.
^S3
JB^.~IOYI
^^-YOT.
CONSEEYAT.
XX, S.
PXXIT.
,
Coh. 193
. .
. ^13
. -E3
1
1
Coh. 541.
CONSTANTINUS L 5ey.-YOT. XX. MYLT. XXX. ..,.,. Coh. 740 yar. ? . -3B3 1 15
Cairied forward
Brought forward
......
CONSTANTENOPOLIS.
15
Bdibarous.
TE
P
UEBS EOMA,
.313
lieu.-Wolf
and twins.
EUQ
VALEJTS.
"
-2B3
JJeu.-GLOEIA
EOMANOEVM.
TES. II.
Ooh. 11
2B3
VALENTINTAN
Cuh,30?
.
, M
, -2Ei JE3 & 4
1
1 5
25
of Roman coins.
Believe me,
Faithfully yours,
EDWARD WHTTMPER. To SIE JOHNEVANS, K.C,B,, T.E S., ETC.,ETC,
VOL.
XVII.
THIRD
SERIES.
Till.
ON THE NOKTH-HUMBRIAN A.D. 758-808. COINAGE OF
(SeePlate VII.)
THEREis perhaps no period in Jforth-Humbrian numismatics which presents more difficulties than that which began after the resignation of King Eadbert (A.D.758)
135
discussing the latter king's coinage,so as to proceed chronologically with the series, I will notice a silver sceatta, unique except for another6 somewhat of similar
type also in my collection, both having been struck by Archbishop Ecgberht of York in conjunction with King Alchred, and both showing that this Archbishop, besides
striking sceattaswith Moll Ethelwald and Eadbert, coinedin conjunctionwith Alchred during the last two yearsof his occupancy the Seeof York, viz., in 765 or of
766, those being the only years when he was under
Alchred. I think these two coins are remarkable witnesses
to the historical accuracy of our Saxon Chronicles,and may inspire in us great confidenceas to their correctness. The first coin, it may be remembered,reads:-
M.
Olv. - + ALCHED C. Cross. (Both Cs runes.) Rev.-ECGBEEHT AE. Cross. [PL VII. 1.]
Thenext onevariesslightly from it, and wasacquired by me at Major Grantham's this year. sale
M. Obv.-+ALCHED C. Cross. (Both Csrunes.)
136
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Moll Ethelwald and Alctred, owing to their uncertain lineage, had desired to emphasizetheir kingly titles on their coins, whilst those who precededthem, being of the race of Ida, left theirs proudly unadorned with simple
The successor Alchred, who was banished (774) to of the North, was Aethelred I., whose unique coin in my collection had the satisfactory reception which so in-
usually the Angle word Cuning, or other variant at all periods. 9 N* C., 3rd Ser., vol. xiii., p. 267. 10A penny of Offa, B. If. Cat.. 10, and a styca of EtLelred
II., B. M., 284, have round Gs, but not barred.
137
The fourth coin I acquired at Major Grantham's sale, and also two unique and unpublished silver sceattas, both
of which I attribute to Aelfwald I., and both throw con-
first coinage,showsan intention to Latinise the name,and this reading is, I venture to think, still further supported by the second coin, a new type, which I ascribe toAelfwald's secondcoinage.
11See for this curious "boustrophedon" style N. C., 8rd Ser , p. 267, where I have explained a coin of Moll Ethelwald with this peculiar way of an-anging the legend, which causes the 0 for Cuning to be in the centre of the inscription, viz., kDILCDLY for ED1LVLD C (for Cumng). 13B M. Cat., Anglo-Sa*on, vol. i., No. 16, p. 142.
138
M. Obv.-
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
ITFVArDYS. Cross
JRev.+CYDbEV E. Cross [PI. VII. 5.] It will be observed that the E is runic, and both Ls,
and we seem to have here the earliest sceatta of North-
Humbria with the name of a moneyer or person other than the Archbishop of York for the time being, before the later abundant copper series, which lasted until the Government fell to the fury of the Danes. Now it may be said that this coin should belong to Aelfwald II.; against this I would advancethe following arguments:1. There is an undeniably ancient look about it which reminds one of the early North-Hurnbrian coins, and, indeed, on examining the massof stycas of Eanred and Ethelred II., amongst which it lay, I at once singled it out from all the others as of older type. 2. It is silver, and of just the baseness which Aelfwald
I's time would warrant.
4. Though we are not able at present to separate the coins of Eanbald I. from Eanbald II., yet as these are copper stycas and of late workmanship not dissimilar to that of Eanred, and as they are for this reasonprobably the second Eanbald's, it would be natural ex hypothesito concludethat Aellwald II., contemporary of Eanbald II., would strike similar copper stycas. On first meeting with this coin I naturally expected to find an archbishop'sname on the reverse, namely, either Ethilbert (767) or Eanbald I. (780), especially as the
14Lindsay, Heptarchy, p. 11, and PL L, 31; and N. C.,
3rd Ser., vol. vii., 220.
139
the legend which, having had the top badly struck, appearsto be a T of squatform. If this is a moneyer's
name,which I believe, though I am open to conviction on this point, it may be intended for Gudhere, a moneyer of Burgred (853-874),or if the first letter is a C, for Cu^eard,
which is the form that Cuthred takes on Ethelred II.'s
stycas. This is also a moneyer of Eanred in the form Cu^hard and Cu^heard, but I have not found any of
this name with an Eardulf obverse. Although the provenance or find spot of this coin has not hitherto been
Whether we can draw any conclusions from the copper styca in the Montagu collection, described in the catalogue 15as one of Osred II. (789-790), the successorof Aelfwald I., it would be difficult to say; It is certainly not linked by workmanship to the coins of Aelfwald I.;
140
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
culties accumulate from that period and through the reign of Heardulf, though I believe that the changeof style and the adoption of copper instead of silver must date at some time during this period. That coin is described as-
Copper. Olv -+
Hev.-HEAMH.
Certainly this pieceis of late workmanship,and the king's nameis much blundered, evenfor this period of doubtfullegends coins,whilst the moneyed name on s has
an improbable look about it.
are further
I will nowcometo the questionof Heardulf andAelfwald II., a time representing twelve years, 796-808, out of which period the former king reigned all but about two years. "We know that Heardulf was banishedin 806, but as the people were without a king for some time,17 the commencementof Aelfwald II.'s reign seems uncertain, and Heardulf appears through the influence of Charlemagne to have again occupied the throne for a short space before Eanred, Before venturing on th<
141
types ranging from Eanred to Osberht,or including the Archiepiscopal series Wulfhere,whichmaybecompared to
to, and is characteristic of, finds like those of Hexham, Kirk Oswald, &c. Having subsequently,with the assistance ef the late Canon Raine, made an examinatibn of the collection of stycas and sceattas in the Yorkshire Society's collection in York, I found clearly that these
Leonard'a
Plact
Re*-+EVDAIHL
I X
142
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
These not new types,asMr. NathanHeywoodand are Mr. Lindsayboth publishedthem; but they add three morespecimens thosealreadyknown,and the fact of to their being includedin suchlarge hoards gives them an interestwhichthey might not possess such a degree to
if found singly. If, therefore, we may assume that these coins can be attributed to Aelfwald II., then the Yorkshire Society has no less than three of this king's rare
account of the title R, which appearson no other stycasbeforethose of Eanred,and on account of the moneyer's name heingplacedon the coin, which wasfirst done by Heardulf." From this it would seem if this as
attribution was approved by that authority. I cannot but think that for these reasons,and from
their similarity in workmanshipto Eanred'scoins,these stycasmayin fairness given to Aelfwald II., as Mr. be Heywood Mr. Lindsayhaveboth proposed. and
It is not without significance that Eadvini should have
beenmoneyer both Heardulf and Eanred, to whilst also striking in everyinstancefor AelfwaldII* He was certainly an early moneyer,striking largely for Eanred,but dwindling to one coin,20 the national collectionof in stycasduring AethelredIL's reign, and then disappearing from this series. At first I felt a difficulty in reconciling Mr. Heywood's statement21 that Heardulf had
struck coins with the moneyer Eadvini, with the fact that none were so described except a single styca in Mr. Rashleigh's collection; but since seeing the collection at York I think there is a large series there, apparently unidentified in their catalogue, which have at least as good a claim to be Heardulf's coins as any. Of these the best struck series22 was in the St. Leonard's Place find, and
name the reverse. All thesehavea peculiarornament on on the reverse, quite unlike that on any other stycas, like a star with the ends pommette*es; the obverse,at and
20B. M. Cat,, p. 161, No. 295 of Ethelred H.
21N. C., 3rd Ser.,vol. vii., p. 220. & Yorkshtre Society's MS. Gutaloyue Stycas. of
33 IbuL
144
NTTMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
The styca(see VII. 9) which is now shownof this PI. type is unfortunately of the roughertype from the one
Bolton Percy hoard, but the star is well struck up on the
reverse.It maybenoticed, thoughit may only be a coincidence, that the stycasof Eanred with Eadvine as moneyer
EAEDVLF REX may be attributableto that king's last reign afterAelfwald IL, andbefore Eanred5 shortperiod a and of uncertainduration? Two stycasin the British
Museum seem intended to be read in this manner, and
alsoonein the York collection. The greatbulk, however, seem have the regal title omitted,their greaterpreto ponderance, perhaps, being due to their, issueduring the early part of Heardulf's reign, a period of ten years,
as compared to the period after his restoration of from
oneto two yearsat the outside. As, however, thesequestions demand more consideration than I have been able
hithertoto devote, will deferany further noteson the I subject a futureperiod,whenI will alsoput beforethe to
Society any conclusionsI may arrive at on examination of the mass of barbarous stycas in various collections, someof which may be referable to Heardulf Jsperiod.
GrBANTLET.
IX.
A FIND OP COINS AT EAST WORLINGTON.
ONthe 5th of July, 1895,as a labourerwasrepairingand banking up a hedge which enclosed orchard near the an
house on a farm called Thorndon, locally pronounced as
or back of the hedge, and the hole had been covered over with soil and turf. East Worlington is a village situated on the lesser Dart, five miles north-east of
estateof Thorndonin this parish belonged the sevenin teenth centuryto a family namedCobley. It is generally
believed that the then owner went off to the Civil War,
146
NVMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
pencesof CharlesI.; also a few Scottish and Irish pieces,and one Spanish dollar. The following is a summary the hoard. of
Edward YI. 99 Elizabeth 99 James I. 9 9 9
Chailes I.
Shillings 11 Sixpences . 7 {Shillings . 578 Sixpences . . 1,649 Shillings . 320 Sixpences . . 184 Scottish half-merks 2 Irish shillings 3
Crown . 1
9 > 9
1
5,188
Beforepointingout any specialpoints connected with the hoard,I will give a further and more detailed list of
147
the coins,following the classification Hawkins, under of eachreign. From theseparticularsit will be seenhow complete hoardwas,especiallyin the series Elizathe of beth,James and Charles The following is the list of I., I.
the coins arranged according to their mint-marks or dates.
EDWABD VL
5 6
11
Sixpences,num. tun 9 99 y
ELIZABETH.
5 2
rr
Shillings, m m. martlet
bell .
96
96 18
cross-crosslet lis .
18
48
scallop
99 99 99 crescent hand tun . .
46
20 23 61
woolpack . key .
anchor 0 . .
54 26
1 3
99 99
1 2
uncertain
. .
num. .
12 33
23 578
Sixpences, 1561,m.m.pheon .
1562, * . .
91
16
1
10
21
22
23
1566,
portculHs
60
244
Carried forward
148
.
. . . . . . .
. "
244 8
1 14 68
1567, II
it
lion
coronet
19
J9 19 99
79
1
75 110 1 23 20 61 1
1
. .
.
78 48
40
19 19
99
1574,
99 cinquefoil
99 acorn 91 99 . .
1
15
11
1575,
99 cinqnefoil 99 99
cross
.
.
61
82
1576, 1577, 99
19 91 91
. . .
" .
16 8
1
1578, 99 1579, 19
1580, 99
99 99
99
80 21
56
99
19
. . .
. .
22 48 11
14 20
99
99 99
. . . .
8 20 9
1
99
10 2 7 19 27
8
Carried forward
, 1,286
149
, 1,286 , 29
43
4
19 > VJ 19 99
J9
99 19 99 woolpaek 99 99 key . 99 99
99 99
88
17 7 17
1
91 99 99
99
99
1 1 9
6 26 164
99
99
uncertain
1 . 2. m.m.
-1,649
JAMES L
53
30
47
50
22 7
30
99 key
mullet tower tun thistle . . . . . .
7
1 3 1 4 9 22
*
rose(2ndissue) 12
(plumeovershield)
99 99 99 trefoil uncertain m.m. . . . 7 13
320
31
12 25
99
HS.
(Quse Deus),m.m. hs
forward ...
.
.
10
12
90
X
SERIES.
150
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Brought forward
90 . scaUop
20
11 9
1
1608 1610
1611
grapes coronet
bell .
10 7
4 2
1613 1621
1622
2 1 3
1 3 1
1623 93 1624
hS
* . trefoil.
-
2 8 7 7
184 2
2 2
Scottish half-merks
1
3
crosson steps(1626) . anchor(1628) . plume (1630) . portcullis(1633). beU(1634). crown (1635) tun (1636) . triangle (1639) . star (1640). (P) (1643) .
Carried forward
1 8 1 5 21 24 32 11 30
2
harp (1682)
.
.
19
312
151
Brought forward
312
39
22
54
439
sun (1646)
12
11 2
15 8 5
99
99
plume (1630) . rose (1631) portcullis (1633) bell (1634) . crown (1635) .
45
40 66 132
157
62
82
150
star (1640)
triangle in circle (1641)
141
327
(P) (1643)
99 (B) (1644) 99 eye (1645)
46
44
30
4 224
52
-1,643
Sixpences, m.m. lis (1625) (onewithout m.m. on rev.) crosson steps(1625-6) >, plume (1630)(square shield) plume(1630)(oval shield).
rose on plume on obv.9 rose on rev. ; plume over
2 1 3 1
shield (1631)
harp (1632) . portcullis (1633) hell (1634) . crown (1635) .
.
. . . .
11 17 14 47
tun (1636)
Carried forward .
51
154
152
KTTMISMATICCHRONICLE.
Broughtforward
.154
20 19
34 25 13 2
1
25
295
...
...
...
-
2
2
1
1 3 2 tween C. R. . .
. date
37
1 43 1 1
. dated
2
2 1 7
Sixpence,rev. square shield between C. R. Spanish dollar, or piece of "8," circ. 1630
1 1
153
From
it will
with
few
of the fine silver standard. They bear the usual mint marks tun and letter y. These coins were much worn.
iormerly known of this mint mark was 1573. From this we may concludethat the mint mark acorn was also used in 1572, which would give us a sequencefrom 15711574. The third new variety is the sixpence of 1587, with mint mark a scallop. Hawkins gives the dates 1584, 1585, and 1586 for that mint mark, but not this
154
NUMISMATIC CHRONTCLT5.
a lis. The coins of this reign are so much worn that among the shillings there are 23 specimens the mint marks of which are not recognisable,and among the sixpencesno lessthan 164, the dates of which are no longer legible.
In the seriesof shillings of JamesI. we haveall the mint marks recorded Hawkins, but of the sixpences by the following dates are missing:-1609, key ; 1612,
tower; 1613, cinquefoil; and 1615, tun. The presence of two Scottish half-merks and three Irish shillings shows
pences unusually complete. Of the half-crownsthe is only missing mint marks are the castle (1627), the negro's head (1626-7), the heart (1629-30),the rose (1631),the anchor (1638), and the sceptre(1646). All
the half-crowns, with mint mark a rose, in the hoard must be given to Exeter; those of the Tower showing the king bearing his sword directed over his shoulder, and the horse caparisoned. The Exeter pieceshave the
A FIND OF COINS AT EAST WORLINGTON. The half-crowns with mint mark anchor had
155 that
symbol in three different positions,viz., upright, or turned to left or to right. Of the shillings, the only missing mint marks are the negro's head (1626-7), the anchor, 1628, and the heart (1629-30). There are no new
varieties in either the coins of this denomination or in the
1630, with mint mark plume, has a square shield on the reverseinstead of an oval one. This variety is unpublished, and showsthat the changein the form of the shield took place early in this year; all the other known sixpenceswith this mint mark having the oval shield on the reverseand being without date. The missing mint marks in the series of sixpences are the castle, 1627, of which Hawkins cites only one example, formerly in the Neck
cabinet, the negro'shead (1626-7); the anchor, 1628; the heart (1629-30); the eye and sun, 1645; and the
sceptre, 1646,
rose, and on the reverse an oval garnished shield. It is not dated,and is, therefore, assigned by Hawkins to the
earliest issue of the mint. The half-crowns are of four
reverse types, viz., with oval garnished shield between 0. R.; with similar shield surmountedby 0. R.; with oval
of the first two types is different from that of the last two.
156
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
shields oval. The shillings are of the same types as the half-crowns, but one specimen has the oblong oval garnished shield without the letters C. R. This type appears to be unpublished. Three specimens dated 1644 and are 1645. The only sixpence of Exeter in the find is that
which is dated 1644, and with the oval shield on the
reverse. This coin is extremely rare. It will be seen from the list that the only mint mark on the Exeter coins is the rose. There is no specimenwith the castle mint mark, which does not appear to have been adopted till
the end of 1645. later on. This circumstance will be accounted for
As East Worlington is situated only about nineteen miles from Exeter, it is not surprising to find a fair
number of coins of this mint in the hoard. In fact,
amongst such a large number one would have expected certainly to have met with not only some of Briot's coins, but also some of the other local mints, such as
Shrewsbury, Oxford, Bristol, and Weymouth,which had beguntheir issues long before1646. We can only conclude that the output of the coins from these mints was limited, and that their circulation was confined to a
are 54 specimens, mint marks of which are either the illegible or not struck up, and of the shillings thereare
no lessthan 224 pieces in a similar state. The Exeter coins, on the other hand, are in many instances as fresh as whenissuedfrom the mint, but, nevertheless, majority the
157
There is not a single example which would be described as a " good round coin."
hoard is the shilling of Charles I., of the Tower mint, with the mint mark, a sceptre. The issue of this coin, as
Fairfax and
Charles, com-
privatehoard,but rather a part of a military chest hastily concealed. is alsovery probable It that in their flight the HoyaEst troopsmusthavepassed nearthe spotwhere very
VOL. XVII THIRD SERIES. Y
158
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
ever, viz. in three ordinary household pitchers, the close proximity of the farmhouseand the local tradition, induce
one rather to take the other view and to class the coins
as a private hoard. No doubt at this time the villagers ran great risks of being robbed either by the Royalists or Parliamentarians ; and as it was probably known that the
owner of Thorndon Farm was well-to-do, concealment was
probable date of the burial of the hoard, which we would place at quite early in 1646. The absence any coins of of Exeter with the mint mark a castle, which was adopted at the end 1645,may also be easily accountedfor. That
havebeendone the Hoyalists,one can only conjecture by that this mode of defacing the coinswas one way by
which the Parliamentarians in North Devon showed their H. A. GRUEBER.
X. A FIND OF COINS AT CBEDITON, N, DEVON. ON the 15th October last, whilst some alterations were
160
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Whilst a workmanwasemployed removing ceilin the ing of the plumbery,he struck against a hard substance
with his hammer, and when the plaster gave way there
came down a shower of silver coins of various sizes. On
closer inspection the workman found that he had cut into a leather bag, which wasresting on the beamnext to the wall and between the joists supporting the floor of the
governors'room above. When all the coinswere collected, they were found to weigh about 19| Ibs. The ceiling of the plumbery is only seven feet high; so that it was possibleto have placed the bag in the position in
which it wasfound by removing the ceiling and afterwards replacing the plaster; or the bag could have been placed there by removing the floor of the room above.
This latter mode of concealment seems to be the more
probable. As the coins had been claimed as treasure-trove, they were forwarded in the leather bag in which they were found to the British Museum, where they underwent a
careful examination, the results of which are now laid
before the Society. The hoard consists of shillings and sixpencesof Edward VI., Philip and Mary, and Elizabeth ; half-crowns,
Edward VI.
7 4 4 3
18
161
. . . .
18 166 616 1
3
, Shillings . . .107 . Sixpences ... 99 . Thistle merks (Scottish) 9 4 Half . Shillings (Scottish) . 2 (Irish) . . 2
Charles I. .
.
Tower
Briot
Half-crowns
.
.
164 *
1
. Bristol . Oxford
. York
. Shrewsbury . Weymouth
. . . . . . . . . . Worcester Scottish Tower Shillings . Oxford Scottish Tower Sixpences . Hammered Half-crowns Shillings ,, Sixpences Milled Crowns , Half-crowns. Shillings .
. .
.
. .
. . . . . . . . . .
2 8
4
1 3
1 2 468
3
141 16 10 5 4 19 4
1884
It will be noticed from this list that though the coins overlap the period by many years both before and after, there wasnot a single coin of the Commonwealth in the
hoard.
162
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
6
7
AND MARY.
19 22
4 5
lis bell
l ,
9
9
9 i
9
A. . scallop .
crescent
13 12
5
9
9
hand
tun
4
16
, ,
9 9
j )
9 9 ,,
woolpack key
o 1 . . . . . .
15 6
2 9
2 .
uncertain(clipped) .
1562 1564 1565 1565
25 20
7
166
8
5
9 49
Carried
forward
49 20
2
7
15
34
19 7
4
15 1
JJ
1571, 33 1573, 1573, 1573, 1574, 1574, 1575, 1576, 1577, 1578, 1579, 1580, 1581, 1582, 1582, 1583, 1583, 1584, 1584, 1585, 1586,
1587,
J3
ermine
j 7
> 3 3 ) > 3 > 7 3 3 J J 3 3 3 J > J 9
3
33
3J
acorn
28 7 11
cmquefoil
acorn
7
1
20
22
4
3
23 24
>3 >3 33
sword bell
" 11 7
19 3
10 4 6 10 10 5
5
2
3 ) J 3 >
3 3*
5)
3J
hand
33
37
tun
73
2 7 5 1
9 39
1594,
1595,
woolpack
91
15
1
1595,
Carried forward
key
2
. 468
164
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Brought forward
. 468
.
.
7
2 1
4
. anchor . 1 2
m.m. or date
1602, 1602,
uncertain
. .
1 8
1 26 617
JAMES I.
1 2
8
Shillings(Exurgat)m.m. thistle.
lis
...
.
. .
.
.10
. .
. .1
10
(QuaeDeus)
rose
.
...
8
8
escallop
,, ,,
11
7
coronet bell .
cinqueioil
tun ...
1
1
rose (1621) . . 8 thistle (1621) . 2 (plume over shield) 1 trefoil slipped (1624) 5 (Exurgat) (QvaeDeus)
uncertain 2 32 107
.
.
15
12
6 9 5
8
. 12 .6
scallop . .
coronet .
, , ,
key
mullet
. .3
.
2
1
cinquefoil
1
80
165
rose
.80
k
.
1
1
.3
.
2 3
9 99
1624,
Scottish.
uncertain
trefoil .
Thistlemerks(1602)
j, uncertain dates Half Thistle merks, uncertain dates . Shillings, m.m. thistle ....
Irish.
4
.
-
5 4 2
15
1 1
CHARLESI.
(TowerMM.)
1 1
1
>, j,
star (1640) ... 7 trianglein circle (1641) . 24 (P)(1643) ... 10 3) (E)(1644) ... 19
eye (1645)
uncertain
harp (1632) (C.R. at sides) 1 portcullis (1633) . . 2 bell (1634) ... 2 crown (1635) . . 2 tun (1636) ... 9 anchor (1638), upright and prostrate . . 2 triangle (1639) , . , 13
...
.
>
16 . 1
,46
Carried forward
VOL. XVll. THIRD SER1E$.
164
2
1G6
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Brought forward . . . Half-crown (Briot), m.m. anchor and B (oval shield) ... 1645 (Bristol), BE. in mon. on
both sides ....
164
1
3
2
1 1
,, ,,
1642 (Shrewsbury), declaration, above which -26. 1642 (Weymouth), W under horse ; rev. square shield crowned, coarsework .
no date ; no letter under horse ;
1 1
2
,,
2
22
(Tower Mint.)
Shillings, m,m. lis (1625) ... 6
-186 . 1 1
3 4 7
8
plume (1630) . . rose (1631) ... harp (1632), C.E. at sides portcullis (1633), C E. at
sides ....
8 20
56
63 12
29 8 21 8 14 148
. . .
...
2
1
1
472
(Toicer Mint.) Sixpences,1625, m.m. lis ... cross on steps ?, 1626, ,, ,, ,, 1627, negro's head. m.m. plume (1630) . . .1 . . 6 1 1 4
.
.
2 4 10
12
8 8 18 5
3
...
...
.
3
6
23
,,
Scottish
square shield .
25
1 141
168
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
CHARLES TT,
1
15 16
Shillings, mark of value, and inner circles . Sixpences, . Milled Coinage. Crown, 1662, rose under bust
1663
10 5
.1
2
1666
-
1
4
Shillings,1663,1668(2), 1680
Before proceeding to give particulars of any of the individual coins in the hoard, it should be noted that by far the greater number are in very poor condition. They are so much rubbed by being in circulation, that not only are the mint-marks often not to bedistinguished, but in many instances the inscriptions are almost illegible. From
The few coins of Edward VI. and Philip and Mary call
for no remarksbeyondthat, as in the EastWorlington find, the only coinsof the first reign are of the finesilver
series.
169
coronet; and in the whole series there is only one milled coin, and that a sixpence of 1571, with the mint-mark a
castle.
specimens mint-marksof 46 couldnot be made the out. Amongst the local half-crowns the following are the
more noteworthy pieces. Of Oxford there are three*
170
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Oxford dies, and not from those imported from Aberystwith, as wasmostly the case. Of 1643 there is one piece with, a large plume between two small ones over the
declaration, and with the date and mint-mark 1643 OX.
below. One of 1645 has lozenges for stops between the words of the legends, and on either side of the date are the initials of the mint. Of Shrewsbury there is one specimenof the somewhat rare piece, having above the
to Weymouth.
long flowingmanein front, and on the reverse usual the oval shield,but garnished with two lis. They aresimilar
to Hawkwis, 500, which is classed among the uncertain half-crowns, and also like those pieces,describedin the
171
plete. Thereis only one somewhat exceptionalpiece to be noticed-a shilling with the mint-mark lis, andhaving the bust of the king in lace collar and armour on the
obverse and an oval shield on the reverse. This coin must have been struck after 1630, and as it is of somewhat
rude work it should perhaps be attributed to " an uncertain mint." Its original type would be a coin of the Tower Mint. The only shillings of local striking are those of Oxford, which present no new varieties. It may be added that out of 468 specimensthe mint-marks on 162 pieceswere undistinguishable.
Of the sixpences, which are all of the Tower Mint except oneScottish, list is fairly complete. Thereis the
only one rare specimen, and that the sixpence of 1627 with the negro's head.
Neither the hammered coins nor those of the milled
seriesof Charles II. call for any special remarks. It need only be noticed that whilst the hammered pieces are a good deal rubbed and worn, those of the milled series are in excellent condition and appear to have been but little
in circulation.
sideration that the circulationof suchcoins prohibited was after November, 1661, their absence easilyexplained. It is
is most probable that the forming of this hoard did not
commence till after that date. under which the hoard was buried As to the conditions
very differentcircumstances that foundabouta year from and a-half agoat EastWorlington, which place situated is
about ten miles from Crediton. The burial of the East
172
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
offerings, would be a matter of pure conjecture* It representeda goodly sum at that time.
state of the earlier coins of Charles II.
earlier milled coinsof that reign are in suchgood condition that they could not long have been in circulation before they were set aside.
H. A. GRUBBER.
DEMOS," ON COINS OP
seated male figure is supposed coincide to with the establishment of the rule of democracyat that city in 466 B.C., and it is believed-on account of the advancedstyle of the latest, as compared with the semi-archaic character of the earliest specimens-to have extended over about half a century. The figure has been explained in various ways. Somenumismatists,in taking their stand on the, doubtless correct, chronological attribution of the series,have seen in it a direct reflection and result of the political revolution. Others have been content to judge the type by itself according to the evidenceafforded by such specimensas had come within the scopeof their observation. On this
174
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE,
appear to have been questioned since it was advancedwith one exception,of which further on. Its favourable reception it seemsto owe essentially to the satisfaction which it affords to the historical sense by directly connecting the type with an important political event. There is, besides, about this theory something of a convenient vagueness, and when a pleasing and striking idea is illustrated and supported by so charming an object as the figure on coin No. 15 of our plate (Paris collection), we admire and we assent. I will, however, try to ascertain if it can be made good on general archaeological as well as on numismatic grounds. To begin with the latter-the head of Demos, both
beardedand beardless, occursfrequently on Greek imperial coins,mainly of Asia Minor, Thewholefigure is found muchmorerarely. Occasionally other impersonations, such as BOYAH, are mentioned along with
AHMOC-6 On Greek autonomous coins " O AEMOZ" of occurs but once, viz., on the famous tetradrachm
5 I wouldonly mentionin passing Carelli'sextraordinary that interpretationof the figure as the " magisterchori juvenum
XXXV "-may have been suggestedby the figure of Stesichorus
on a late coin of Thermae Himerenses.
6 Basehe,HI., p. 202.
TYPEKNOWNAS "THE DEMOS,"ON COINS RHEGIUM. 175 OF Athens. Kohler7 ascribes its issue to 86 or 85 B.C.;
Head in his S. M. Cat. Attica, p. Ivi., acceptsthis date, though he formerly placed it as early as about 200 B.C.8 I
Similar chronological conditionsappear apply to other to impersonativetypes, like HfEMONIA, CYNKAHTOC, BOYAH, and others. In very rare cases only can we discovercomparatively early pictorial renderings of similarly abstractconceptions. To these belong the types PUMA onthe third centurystaterof Epizephyrian of
Locri and the head of ZIKEAIA on a bronze coin of EAAA-but Alaesa, attributed to the time of Timoleon.
176
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
times, commonly called allegorical subjects, which impersonate abstract conceptions. Some few of these are left to us. We meet with figures and groups which are
meant to visualize the idea of civic communities, each
not an allegorical figure, but a great and beneficentdeity, honoured, no doubt, by offerings on many altars. But
into a real deity with the people. Otherwise misapprehensions sureto follow and multiply. No doubt very are manyof the godsandgoddesses originated the figures in
of speechof poets. None the lessdid they becomedivine beings from the moment when they receivedthe honours
tended on what appearsgood ground that allegorical subjectswerenot foreign to Greeksculpturaldesignat a very earlyperiod; for do wenot read in Pausanias that
positive information. Nevertheless, surelydid assume she shape did exist in the Greekmind as the necessary and
antithesis to Aa-i;, and as a divine, if evil, being.
Thework commonly mentioned the first allegory in as sculpturewas a group by Euphranor,of presumably the
middle of the fourth century, which represented Hellas
crowned 'Aper//. Only one,however, the figuresby of that of Hellas-can be truly calledallegorical. 'Apery],
as much as Nike or the Muses, was divine, and supposed
Thuswe readthat Panaenus, contemporary friend the and of Phidias,painted a figure of Hellas and of Salamis. Abouthalf a centurylater Parrhasius produced famous his Demos. Theart of die-engraving partaking, in regardto
treatment and choice of subjects,of the characterof sculpture and painting, it is interesting and instructive to
11Koscher's Lexikon tier griech. u. rom. MytJwlogie. 12Overbeck'sGesch.dergnech. Platiih. II, Ed.? vol. ii.? 92*
178
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
observe that the earliest instance of an allegorical coin type-the Eleutheria of the Cyzicenestater-occurs at an approximately equal distance of time from the creations of Panaenusand of Lysippus. We may conclude,then, that the subject was suggestedto the engraver by a picture, not a work of sculpture. As regards our coin-type of Rhegium, however, I
venture to assert that it could not be intended as an im-
personation of the Demos seventy or eighty years before the first recordedinstance of the treatment of this subject, even in painting.
figure objectswhich had becomesources the city's of wealth(mostcommonly distaff). But what justificathe tion is there to go beyond this point, when we find the
figure expressly designatedas TARA^ ? Political changes often induced new coin-types. But these types very rarely refer directly, or even distantly, to the nature of the events by which they were produced
-at least, not till later times than those with which we
are concerned.
To account for the numismatic fact seems me fairly to obvious,at least from one point of view. For if-and
worshippers.Only victoriesoverBarbarians could,therefore, be alluded to on the public coinage, e.g., in the case of the "Damareteion," over the Carthaginians; or over the Etruscans, by means of the pistrix on transitional tetradrachms of Syracuse. I have said before that the favourite interpretation of the seated figure as the Demos of Ehegium had been
they mustbe regarded merelyas adjunct symbolsunconnectedwith the principal figure/' There is no doubt that the adjunct symbols of these coins are disposedin such a manner as to connect them directly with the main type, so that the one should not be judged apart from the other. To do so would, in the case of such early coins, be at least as unwarranted
as, for instance, in that of the coins of Pandosia and
180
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE,
significance. When Ehegium, in throwing off the yoke of personalrule, separated the connection, maysupwe pose eagerto rid the coinage the Messenian her of badge.
The earlier type of the lion's mask took the place of the chariot, and in this the citizens offended no deity. But while dispossessing Pan of a place of honour, they would wish to solicit the protection and favour of a kindred god3 who, if of lesser antiquity (at least, as far as his worship
place,he, perhaps account his kindredoffice,took on of unto him something the nature and character Pan of of
himself. But of this presently.
with nothing so much as the variety of his functions and the diversity of his nature. The son of Apollo, he is endowedwith the gift of prophecy and exercises the
god. But he is, aboveall, the beneficent patron of agriculture, the protector of herds and flocks, the friend and guardian of the intrepid hunter. It is under this last aspect that I would draw attention
182
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
gods, may also, In the minds of the people,have partaken in some measureof the character of Pan, in whosefunc-
Pan, in the burning heat of noontide, used to slumber in the shady recesses woodland glades, and Nature hushed of all her voices,not to anger the god by rousing him too soon. But would the popular imagination exempt the
other agrestic deity from the necessary effectof the,noondayheat? Surely,effectwashereinseparable from cause.
Accordingly I venture to interpret the attitude of our figure as that of an Aristaeus Nomios or Agreus, slum-
We now turn our attention to coin No. 9 (Paris collection). Here we see the figure turning round with a sudden movement, gesture and countenance expressing displeasure. The god has been disturbed by some incautious intruder, on whom his anger is about to vent
itself.
I proceed considerthe objects accessory and to to, directlyconnected with, the figure.
The most conspicuous theseis the staff. Four varieof
ties of it may be distinguished. It is either perfectly plain and straight,or sometimes endingin a crook. In
TYPE KNOWN "THE DEAIOS," COINS RHEGIUM. AS ON OP 183 other cases resembles staff cut from a bough or branch, it a
of irregular shape, and in one instanceit seems be a to buddingstaff. Thefirst, from its plainness, needsno comment. The second(Nos. 1, 2, and 3) is the pedum,the shepherd's crook,carried by Aristaeusin his characteras No/ztor. I look on the third, of irregular shape (Nos. 5,9, and 14),
as a branch cut from the olive-tree, the culture of which
wasthe peculiarglory of Aristaeusin Sicily. Rhegium, we know,wasalwaysboundto Sicily by strongerinterests than to Italy. This badgeof honourseems develop to on coin No. 16 into a young tree with budding shoots. Theseshoots, thoughplain enough the castof the coin, on are so attenuatedthat they may not, I fear, be easily
discernible in the phototype.
I would here interpose remark on the wreathwhich a encloses type, and which hasalwaysbeendescribed the as
of laurel. It should not, however, be overlooked that the
leavesoften showa tendency bend and curve,which to canhardly be looked for in connection with the stiff and leatheryfoliage of the laurel (seeNos. 13, 15, and 17).
Now this irregularity mainly distinguishes the olivewreath from that of the laurel; otherwise there is hardly a difference in shape. Should it not, then, be rather
considered an olive-wreath ?
No coin seemsto be known on which the figure is unprovided with the staff, the attribute of Aristaeus as a
184
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
probablyrefer this, also,to Aristaeusin his quality asthe favouriteof Dionysos, taught of the god, andevensharing-as at Syracuse-in the honours of his temple. Had the patera been intended to suggest here, as in so many cases,a sacrifice to the deity in whose hand it appears, the sacrificial altar would more probably have been added. Thesetypes are extremely rare. No. 5 (Berlin) seems all
but unique,the second knownexampleat Naplesbeing in indifferent preservation. Of No. 4 only the specimen
of the cabinet at Naples and that of my own collection are
in tolerable condition. The third-in the collection of
PL VIII.), for to the right of it there appears bareof the Messana diminutivesize running upwards. The type in
may thus indicate a-probably brief-renewal of former
political ties. Carelli has thrown doubtson this type. I would takethe occasion state that the specimens to in the British Museum and in my own collection of unare
questionable authenticity. Nor is there any reason to doubt the coin in the Naples cabinet, of which I have a
cast. Carellihaspartly distortedthe legend. In approaching the question whether the adjunct
symbols can be shown to have a direct bearing on, and are to be rationally connectedwith, the nature and functions of Aristaeus, I would, in the first place, recall to the reader Head's opinion, viz., that such birds and beastsas appear below or beside his seat indicate that the figure representsan agrestic deity. This is, at least under one
I will begin with a drachm (7A, my collection),an interesting and, so far as I know, unique piece. On it
there is seen beneath the seat a star of seven rays. I would venture to recognise in it the Dog-Star, Sirius, which from its intimate connection with the story of the
shepherd, Aristaeusthe hunter, or of both. Possibly or it may beintendedfor Sirius. The postureof the resting dog, No. 12, turning round to look up at the figure, speaks favour of the first view. in
Coin No. 14 (Berlin) is a beautiful, and I believe
unique,variety. It brings beforeus the Dionysiacside in the natureof the god,for belowthe seatthereappear^ a panther cubat play with a boundingball.
186
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
took the creaturesof the wilds under his specialprotection. But a direct reference to the functions of Aristaeus
rivers. These birds, when approaching the shore in numbers, herald stormy weather-such gales and refresh-
point it out as belongingto the Dionysiacclassof attributes. It is the only symbolnot placed under,or close
behind, the figure.
The interpretationof the other adjunct (No. 7, my collection)presents somedifficulty. A specimenof this variety was disposed at the Bunbury Sale,wherethe of cataloguedescribed symbol, erroneously, an.amthe as phora. Tet another example occurredin the Carfrae
Collection, and here the object was referred to as a
petalsof pomegranate blossoms would hardly be rendered accurately being brokenup into rough surfaces, I by and would prefer to recognise the object either a fir-cone in
-the fir-tree being sacred to sylvan deities-or a half-
open blossom of the silphium, which, as mentioned above, the gift of Aristaeusto Gyrene. The smaller was buds especially this plant on someCyrenaic coins of appear to me not unlike the object with its broken
surface.
This terminates series coinswith adjuncts. For the of photographic reproductionI havechosen the bestspecimens I could obtain. Most varieties are, of course,
known. The beardlesstype on these Rhegine coins was, however,generally supposed occur only on the to latest pieces of the series. The comparativelyearly beardless figure of No. 10 (Berlin), with the legend
R EC IN OS, shows that this is not an invariable rule.
188
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
In quality of style and finish of work specimens differ widely. I have, as far as possible, arrangedthe coins in chronological order, taking accountof lettering and relative development style. But when the two apof pearedto disagree, have not hesitatedto go by the I characterof the legend only. Thus, the artistically
finest piece (No. 15) does not stand last, although the series is supposedto end about 415 B.C. The legend reads in this caseRECINO (retrograde); while Nos. 16
and 17 havePHFINO^ (retrograde). My remarkson the various symbols might have been expanded into greater length. But as I, in connecting them with the main type, simplyadopteda theory suggested an eminent by authority, my task from this point of view was to show briefly that this theory may be
consistently worked out.
In doing this I have, naturally, arrived at a more definiteconclusion. Head-to quotehis wordsoncemore -is " inclinedto look uponthe figure asa divinity of the natureof Agreusor Aristaeus, patronof rural life and the
pursuits." These words seemto admit of three interpretations, viz.: that the figure may be a divinity only similar to Agreus or Aristaeus, but neither of these. Or
it maybe Agreus. Or-should the reader prefer-Aristaeus. Whichever of these suppositions predominated
with the author, it was originated through, and governed by, the sound doctrine of the relation of the symbols to
will inquire if the same result may be obtained on the other suppositions. Agreus is, as far as I am aware, a nomen epitheton to either Pan or Aristaeus, and since the former certainly
does enterinto the scope this inquiry, only the one not of remainingsupposition-viz.: that the figure benot meant
for Aristaeus, but for some other pastoral divinity not known-has to be tested by placing the symbols into "some sort of intimate relation to the main type." But how would symbols like the panther cub or the serpent fall in with attribution to a deity of a purely pastoral
demnation of Head's principle, and the type, then, may still go by its picturesque name of "the Demos of Rhegium."
E. J. SELTMAN.
VOL.
XVII.
THIRD
SERIES.
CO
XII.
g.; sousle trone 1$. M 9. 16,54, Brit. Mus., provenant d'Hamadanen Perse. Bunbury, Num. Chron. 1883, p. 5, PL
I, 4 (Smyrne ?)
Ces deux pieces sont du meme coin, au droit
comme au revers.
16,98. Ma coll. Yariete de coin. 2. & 4. 4,20. Brit. Mus.; Mueller, Num. tfAlexandre, p. 319,
n. 1518. (Egypte.)
3. Meme droit que n. 1, mais d'un autre coin. Rev.-ZAPA1ANI1N, Zeus barbu et laure",debout a gauche, vetu d'une longue robe et d*un ample manteauet tenant sur la main droite une colombe, a g., et de la gauchele sceptre. Dans le champ, , g., monogramme. -31 9. 15,32. Coll. de Luynes, Imhoof, Monn. Grrecq. p, 388, n. 27, PL G, 23.
MOXNAIES GRECQTJES, INEDITES ET INCERTAOES. 191 4. Tete de deesse, lauree, voilee et tourelee, a droite; grenetis. Rev.-ZAPAIANflN, m&ne type ; dans le champ, a g., monogrammes, grenetis. M 5. 10,60; 8,65. Imhoof, Zur Muenzk. Kleinasiens,
Revue Suisse de Numism., VI,
1896, p. 93, 1, PI. V, 18. Mus. Hunter, p. 260, n. 3, T. 47, 14. Mionnet, IV. p. 115, 116, n. 634-637. Les tetes d'Hercule des tetradrachmes, n. 1 et 3, sont
tourelee seyoit dansle cliamp des n. 1 et 2 et qui qui parait comme type au droit desbronzesde Sardes, 4, n.
ou le revers est identique & celui des tetradrachmes. C'est ce qui a echappe M. Bunbury, quand il s'est demand^ si son tetradraclime d'Alexandre n'aurait pas ete frappe a Smyrne. L. Mueller, d'autre part, n'aurait pas class^la drachme d TEgypte, s'il n'avait pas pris les deux tours pour des plumes. La date de ces Emissions se laisse preciser avec tine assezgrande probabilite, quand on se souvient que Sardes
192
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
parait sila fin du regned'Attale II, 158-138, mais elle semble encore peuplus recente. tin Elle est,entout cas, posterieure celledest^tradrachmes a d'Alexandre, emis a Pergame sous le mmre regne, autant quails sont connus.3 Je voudrais me done dater les rares emissions Sardes,du rgne d'Attale HI, de 138-133, le dernierroi de Pergame, auquel M. Imhoof
n'a pasattribue de tetradraehmes& la tte de Pbiletere.
C'estce qui expliqueraitcommentSardes, jusque qui 1stn'avait mis que des cistophores,4 serait venu en battre destetradracnmes, d'abord aux typesd'Alexandre maismarques symbolede la yille, puis i son propre du type,pour subvenir manque monnaies au de royalesde ce
poids.
Quand le royaumede Pergamefut deyenuprovince romaine, Sardes 133, frappaencore parfoisdes cistophores,5
mais bient6t le nom de la ville ne se lit plus que BUT le bronze, a Texception d'un rare cistophore emis sous 1'empereurHadrien.6
Parmi les tetradracnmes, types d'Alexandre, aux des villes d'Asie mineure,je n'en trouve qu'un, de Priene (Mueller,Alemndre, 1031yari^), dontla t&ted'Hercule n.
ressemble assez celle des tetradrachmes de Sardes pour a qu'on pourrait le croire grave par le m^meartiste.
n. 956, 957, 963 varie*; Mytittne, n. 975 yarie, 976; Erythres,n. 1002; 1004; Pritnt, n. 1030 vari^ ; Jfife/,
n. 1039, 1055, 1056 ; Chios,n. 1085.
Tous ces t^tradrachmes datent done d'entre 189 et 158
environ.
La coiffure de TAmazoneCyme*, simple d'abord, tres PL XXI, 9, devient de plus en plus maniere"e, surtout
sur le n. 5.
Le n. 6 est le plus beau de style; les lettres sont mieux formeeset ant&rieuresa celles du n. 1 et surtout du n. 2,
194
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
XXXYILI.
SIDE.
1. Athena arcJiegetis debout, & gauche, la jambe gancherepliee en arnere, munie de Fegide et eoiffee du casque athenien a cimier, portant sur la main droite la chouette, les ailes eployees, g , et appuyant la & main gauchesur son bouclier, dont 1'interieur est visible. Grenetis au pourtour. Rev.- Apollon pyihios, les cheveux courts,la chlamyde sur les epaules, debout, a gauche, devant un autel
allume, tenant de la main droite un rameau de
laurier et de la gaucheTare ; derriere lui corbeau, a g. , autour "V\ w $ WV juy >>. Carre creux.
5. Autre, Athena pose le pied droit snr la tige de la grenade, porte snr la main droite la chouette, aux aales closes,a g., et tient la main gauche a cote du bouclier vu a Vexteneur; autel sansfeu ; derriere Apollon H) vNj^A^Ki carre creux.
6. Autre, autel allume , derriere Apollon, les cheveux longs, JR 6. 10,50. Brit. Mus., Cat. Lyda, <&c.,PL XXYI, 6. Legende emportee.
Cab. de France, Mion. n. 144, S., PL IV, 2 ; Satr. p. 22, 4, PL III, 4. JR 7/6. 10,49. Cab. de France, Pellerin, Rec. Ill, PL 122, 5; Mion. n. 142, 8.9 PL HI, 5; Satr. p. 22, 3, PL III, 3; Gall. MythoL, p. 112, PL XXIII, 5. Tous deux surfrappes sur des stateres d'Aspendos. 8. Autre, Athena pose la main gauche sur son bouclier, orne du gorgoneion, derriere elle des traits, qui ont 6te " pris pour des caracterescuneiformes. Autel, sans feu. Derriere Apollon |*J . m^Y/iyp; champ
creux.
M 5i- 10,59.
M 6/5. 10,50. Coll. Imhoof. Overbeck, Griech.Kunstmythol Apollon, p. 301. Mxtaf. Ill, 52. [PL IX, No. 4]
196
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
II. MILIEU DTJ 4E SIECLE.
10. Athena parthenos,debout a gauche, sans egide,coiffee du casque athenien a triple cimier, portant de la main droite la Victoire qui la couronne et tenant de la gauche son bouclier orne du gorgoneion; derriere elle haste, devant grenade avec tige. Grenetisau pourtour. Bev.-Apollon, les cheveux longs, la chlamyde sur les epaiiles, debout a gauche, tenant de la main droite une patere au-dessus d'un autel sansfeu et s'appuyantde la gauche sur un laurier; derriere laicorbeau a g., et jy5*$v.ny/f.
13. Memestatue de 1'Athenaparthenos de Phidias, mais posee surune base; derriere elle $+\,; grenetis.
16. Mme type. Rev. ^Apollon des n. 10- 12, mais les cheveux courts ; -
main ^. JR 4J. 10,40. Coll. de Luynes, Satr. p. 23, 6, PL III, 6. 17. Autre, legendedes n. 13- 15 ; devant Apollon y+io. JR 5. 10,79. Anc. coll. Wigan.
10,77. Cat. Borrell, 1852, n. 311.
18. Autre, Apollon & cneveux longs ; sans corbeau; memes lettres dansle champ.
M 5. 10,62. 19. Autre, Blau, n. 9.
M 5. 10,71. CoU.Imhoof ; Overbeck,/. c. Mztaf., Ill, 53. 20. Autre, ^ y, deux varietes ; corbeau. JB,5. 10,71. Catal Subhipacha, n. 264. 10,65. Mus. de Berlin ; Cat. Borrell, 1852, n. 310 ; Blau, n. 7 ; K. Mzk, 1877, n. 824.
*I>D
198
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Mus. de Berlin ; Blau, n. 8. Brit. Mus. Cat. Lycia, dc , PL XXVI., 9. Cat Whittall, 1858, n. 563. Ma coll. ; Cat. Ivanoff, n. 466.
Les droits des n. 17 a 20 sont du meme com, qui s'use de plus en plus. 21. Antre, **Z derriere Athena ; sans corbeau.
beau.
24. ^M , et dessous traces de "*iO<J derriere Athena. , M 5. 10,66. Brit. Mus., Cat. Lycia, dc., PI. XXVL, 8; comp. Cat. Borrell, 1852, n. 312. 10,66. Leake, Suppl p. 89. 10,62. Mus. de Naples. 10,59. Blau, n. 6. 10,56. Cat. Bunbury, H, n. 351, PI. HI, 351. lettres settlesont e*te change es.
Quelques varietesnouvelles, comme n. 4, 5 et 11, les exceptees, cesstatures tous sontconnus depuis longtemps?
surtout par les publications du Due de Luynes8 du et Dr. 0. Blau,9qui en ont fait le snjet d'etudes spe*ciales. Le Due de Lnynes fit surtont ressortir la grande
ressemblance lettres de ces legendes avec celles des des
les legendes n. 7, Ine & rebonrs,et 16, incomplete. des Blan a refute cotte interpretation, qui assignaita plus
d'un caracterenne valenr pen probable et qni pourtant ne condnisait pas inn resultat satisfaisant. Car Dern^s fut Satrape de Phe*nicie et d'Arabie,10 Syennesis roi de Oilicie; ce ne sont done pas leurs noms qn'il faut chercher sur des monnaiespamphyleennes. Mais la transscription de Elan, nD3 ou ^D^3 inDH et
200
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Pergaia,sur le bronze.14
Mais, pour savoir si elle est juste, il faudra d'abord tacher de dechiffrer les legendes,composees, comme Ta
premieres lettres 5 vn.y fr une forme du nom d'Apollon telle qu' "A7r\oiwo9, par exemple,ont echoue devant le fait que la seconde lettre est identique a Tavant-derniere,
et que celle-ci doit tre un d. C'est ce qui m'a conduit a supposer que la legende est
tout-a-fait parallele & celle desbronzes Perga et que de le sensen doit tre; S.VCLKTOS SJC/JTOU, comme Perga a elle est avd<raas TIepyaLas.
Seulement, comme les caracteres ne repondent pas a (LvdKTos, faudra cliercher un autre mot, de meme il valeur, dont la seconde lettre est un d, peut-etre s^mitique, comme p. seigneur^ phenicien, ce qui n'aurait pas en lieu de surprendre dans une ville, ou Talphabet est arameen,complete,a ce qu'il semble,de voyelles grecques. Or, si on se souvient que le fragment de la theogonie
cilicienne, conserve par Etienne de Byzance,17 nomme Adanos(ps)18en tete des fils d'Ouranoset de Ge, on
ne s'etonnera pas de trouver a Side le mfeme titre,
seigneur, quoiquesous forme un peu differenteet plus une conforme a Thebreu pi^l, donn^ & Apollon, le dieu
16 Yoir les lettresarameennes papyrusegyptiens temps des au
1867,T. HI; Eutmg, TabulaScripturaearawaicae. Argentorctti^ 1890; Berger, Hist. d# Vecntwed. Vantiq., 1891, p. 300, v. "ASai/a, 8eovASavos featQvpavov !<rri Tij<s Trat?, K-T.A. 18 Adanos par opposition & Adonis on pent comparer A
Idmbal) comme le nom propre "b5?n21Mest rendu an latin
202
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE,
Tvpavvi, 28, Tvpavi?Tpofcovbi, 30, "Ep/zo/fptm;? n. n. TpoKOvbet, M. Avp. Ouaj3a/3<n9 n. 33, Tpotcovbiv,31,et n. parle AZAPI des bronzes cappadociens d'Ariaramnes.24 Je suppose mme ce genitif en in secache que sous
la desinence3E># des formes lyciennes telles que
inscr. de Myra 6; AOSNX3ETPf+ et
, (Avaavfyovet Kiv%apvpov?),wsci\ ? de
Limyra, 6; TPXMES5, Stele de Xanthos,Est, L 29;
tnscr. de Pinara, 2; ^e Ths, inedite; EI^NESl^, Est, L 27 ; etc.25 StMe,
meme, (M)eXaTous', MaX/roi;?,65a,ZcaFetrovs, 87, 84, He. pro*;?, FeKtlrovs, 87, 89.
Enfin la combinaison est donneepar AafjL(a)rpLwv wv a cote de (<f>)opfa<rtov la m6meinscription,87, et de dans Aa/zaT/3/ou, 86.
23IrZ. Suppl Papers,I, 1892, p. 29-31 ; Eretsclimer, Einleit. Gesch,Gruch. Sprache, 1896 237, 363. Hois de Syrie^p. cxcviii: - cc. 25Schmidt, The Lycian inscriptions, 1868; Imbert, Mem^ Soc. Ling, deParis, T. IX, p. 2, 3.
26Lanekoronski, Staedte Pamphyliens Pisidiens, 1890, und I, p. 180 182; Kretschmer,Zevtschr. vergleich. /. Sprachf.von Kuhn u. Schmidt, XXXIII, 1893,p. 258-268, p. 264 ; Der im
Pamphylischen bewahrte w-laut alte wird theilsv, teils ov gesehneben, letzteres in (A)iFovov<rtov, (K)v$pafiovav, cf. 82, 69, s, 985. M<ny>/AaKw, 84, gehoertzu ftvp^a|, u. s. w.
204
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
II parait qu'a 1'origine un v seul suffisait pour rendre o et ov et que plus tard on remplaca y par ou-comp.
Tandis que la legende reste environ la meme,les types changent a mesureque le carre creux disparait. A rAthe*na qui porte la chouette et que cet oiseau
caract^risecommeFAthena arcliegetis,27 nous est qui connuepariesreliefsAtheniens,28 que nous sachions sans
encore & quel statuaire Athenieu du 5e siecle il faille attribuer la statue qui a servi de modele, suecedela
Parthenos de Phidias.
28Schoene, Gnechische Rehefs, 46, T. XX, 87, 89. p. 29"Weil,OlympisckeMiseellen; (Festgabean Curtius),1884, E. p. 4, 6, qui compare 1'Apollon stateres des frappes Themispar tocle a Magnesia, Luynes, Cbaix, T. IX, 7; Revuemonism.,
1856, T. Id, 2.
MONNAIES GRECQUES, INEDITES INCERTAINES* ET 205 manteau, costumetellement insolite, a cette epoque,pour
1'Apollon grec,que je mesuisdemande autrefois,31 sisurtout sur le, n. 13, ou il ne porte pas de carquois-ce
ne serait pas Alexandre le Grand, representecomme Seigneur Side,lors de son passage 333, et de la de en garnisonqu'il laissadans la ville.32 Les stateresconviennenta cetteepoque, commele prouve,outrele style,
la forme des lettres et surtout celle de Faleph, ainsi qu'il a e*teremarqueplus haut. De meme, sur les bronzes de Tepoqueimperiale, publics
avecApollon,maisreconnaissablesoncostume el militaire.
Les lettres, dans le champ des stateres n. 12-24,
appartiennent memealphabetarameenque cellesdes au le*gendes semblent et tre les initiales de nomsde magistrats eponymesou d'officiers monetaires.
33Zeitschr.f. Num.X. 1883, T. I, 2, 3; Mion. in, p. 477 n. 184,187,214, 235; SuppLVIII, p. 66 suiv., n. 191,
193,223, 227, 242, 244.
VOL. XVII. THIRD SERIES. E E
206
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Pour en juger avec certitude et reconstruire 1'alphabet en entier, il faudra attendre que nous soyonsen possession descriptions archaiquestrouvees siSide mme. Jusque
XXXVIIL-GOLGOI.
6e et 5e Siecle.
1. Hermes marehant & droite, muni d'ailes aux epaules et d'ailerons aux talons, le bras gauche etendu; le bras droit emporte tenait peut-etre le caducee.
^3f.
L'explicationdestypesde la drachme donnee le est par bas-relief,trouve a Golgoi (Athenian) de Chypre, qni decora based'une statuearchaique la d'Hercule.35On y
voit Hercule dans la mmeattitude que sur la drachme.
Apresavoir perced'uneflechele chienOrthrosa triple tete, il brandit la massuecontre le bouvier Eurytion, debont Tentree a d'une caverne, indiqueepar deuxlignes,
oii sont caches boeufs de Geryonee et tachant de les les
nola, Cypern, 1879,p. 112 suiv., T. XXIH, XXIV; Antiquities of Cyprus,Lond., 1873, fol. PI. 21, 24; Brunn-Bruckmann, Denkm.(rriech. u. Row. Sculpt,, n. 205, 207; Roscher, Lex.
MythoL II, Geryoneus,p. 1635 vign.
pinus halepensis, Mill.; Philostrat, Vita Apoll. 5, 4, SevBpa Typvovcta-irapaXXdrrovramrvos KCLI IK re irevmjs cTSos ts Ircpov, cf. Pausan. 35, 8; Koch, BaeumeGriechenL, I, 1879,p. 2834 ; Ungerund Kotschy,Cypern,1865,p. 214; A. Berg, Die Insel Rhodus, 1862, donneI, p. 30, PL 8 une gravured'un groupede cespinsa Caniiros, p. 152 et p. 143. n,
208
NUMISMATIC CHROKICLE.
Rev.-Meme revers; derriere la tete I. 2R 3. 3,30. Rev. num. 1867, p. 371, PL XI, 9 ; 1883, p. 304, n. 9.
En publiant le statere n. 1, j'ai remarque que le signe A, go ou co, designait une ville, Golgoi ou Corone, plutot qu'ua dynaste,et maintenant que nous voyons le mythe de Greryonee figure sur une drachme de cette Tille et
par A>go* en effet Golgoi,situe"e loin de Eition, soit non a laquelle elle aura emprunt^ le culte et le type
d'Hercule et tout prds d'Idalion, ou furent trouves les stateres,n. 3, et plusieurs des monnaies "suivantes,dont
triple Geryonee, Cesnola,Z.c. p. 128, PL XXXIY; Lex. MythoL v. Geryoneus,p. 1633 vign.
Boscher,
MONNA1ES GRECQUES, I^EDITESET INCERTAINES. 209 5. Tete delion, la gueulebeante,& droite. Tres archaise.
Rev.-Carre" creux primitif.
2.
Pa(<n\t<o$)
MQ. 10,30. Brit. Mus.; Rev.num., n. 6; Babelon,p. 9. Autre,devant tete dehoeuf, ^fc, la ^ y8a(o-tXetu5)'E
2R 5J. 11,08. Brit. Mus.; Rev.num., n. 5. Tresor d'ldaHon.
M 7/6. 11,21. Brit. Mus. " Rev.mm., n. 3. 11. Te"te lion, a gauche,derriereA, ro(Xyt)v). Beaustyle de
archaique.
M 3. 3,55; 3,37. Rev.num., n. 4 ; Bahelon,n. 775, PI. XXI, 10; coll. Weber. [PL IX, Ho. 11.]
210
NUMISMATIC CHKONICLE.
12. Lion guettant sa proie, a droite, Rev.-Severs pareil. M 5. 11,12; 10,80. Rev. num.,v. 10 ; Babelon, n. 776, PL XXI, 11. 13. Memetype, a 1'exergue ; grenetis. A Rev.-Bceuf cornupete, a gauche; dessus A; carre creux borde d'un grenetis. M 6. 10,84. Rev. num., n. 11; Babelon, n. 777, PJ. XXI, 12; 10,73 Brit. Mus.; 10,53 ma coll. Ici sont a placer, a ce qu'il parait, les n. 1-4.
14. Hercule marchant a droite, brandissant de la main droite
levee la massue et saisissant de la gauche un lion retournant la tete et grimpant sur la cuisse gauche du heros; derriere lui croix ansee; grenetis.
Rev.-Lion rugissant, accroupi a gauche,la patte droite levee; dans le fond bceuf marchant k gauche la t6te levee; carr^ creux borde d'un grenetis. M 3. 3,20. Coll. Imhoof, Num. Chron., 1888, p. 131, n. 26, PL V, 13. 15. Tete barbue d'Hercule coiffee de la peau de lion, a droite. Cercle au pourtour. Rev.-Protome de bouquetin agenouille, a droite; devant lui A; cercle. N |. 0,78 ma coll.; 0,72 Rev. num., I. c. p. 280, n. 3, PL YI, 5; Babelon, n. 589, PL XVI, 25.
Les plus anciens stateres, depuis n. 6 jusqu'aun. 10, le portent les initiales de rois, A., Phi., B., que j'ai
Mais,maintenant le A>de ^a drachme 11, donne que n. par le bel exemplairede M. Weber,nous fait voir que Golgoi peut revendiquerles pieces trouveesen partie
dans son voisinage, Idalion, si meilleur droit que Soloi, il serait hasarde de vouloir computer les noms de ces
rois inconnus.
&*.-BAZIAEHZ
ANTIOXOY,
gauche, sur 1'omphalos,tenant de la main droite une fleche, et s'appuyant de la gauchesur son are ; dans le champ a gauche 3M, a droite M , a 1'exergue 3^.
Eev.-Meme revers et m6mes monogrammes dans le champ, mais autres monogrammes a 1'exergue. M 8 ? 17,10. Brit. Mus. K. of Syria, p. 21, n. 12.
212
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
3. Droit du n. 1.
llev. - Me"me legende. Victoire dehout & gauche,tenant de la main droite une longue palme; dans le champ, a gauche et a droite les memes monogrammes.
M 5. -
d'Antioehus III. de son expedition, dans les satrapies orientatesde sonroyaume,209- 205, quandil fit convertir a Ecbatane, en 209, quatre mille talents d'or en.
monnaie.3*
Cette date pent tre juste pour la plupart des tetrastateres figuresjusqu'ici,40 mais elle ne conyient pas si Fexemplaire decrit ci-dessus, 1, ni au bronze la meme n. ^
tete, n. 3. Oette t6te est d'un rol tr^s jeune et represents Antlochus au debut de son r&gne, quand il avait vingt ans et que de lagers favoris commencaient paraitre sur at sesjoues. La m6met^te se voit encore,mais lauree et diad^m^er sur le bronze au revers d' Art&nis qui couronnele nom du Toutes les autres monnaiesqui me sont connues sentent Antiochus dans un age plus avance, Les favoris commencent a couvrir ses joues sur le tetradrachme
38Rois de Syne, p. Ixxx. 39Wilcken dans Pauly-Wissowa,Real-encycl. I, p. 2462. 40Duane, PL IV, p. 53, n. 1; PL V, 5; Brit. Mus. JT. of 8., PL Vni, 4; Rois de Syrie, PL IX, 9. Le tetrastatere, Duane,
Oebusteressemble tellementa celui de soncousingermain Achaeus,le roi d'Asie, 220-214,43bissur son statere (Tor,44 qu'il doit 6tre de la meme ^poque. II n'est mme pas peut-etre de beaucouppoeterieur a 220. Alors, Antio-
chus, auquel un fils venait de naitre et qui, d^livre d'Hermeias, sentait de force a regner seul,fit dispase raitre les dernieres tracesde sonadolescence depuisses et
monnaiesnous le montrent toujours imberbe. Le monogramme dans le champ a droite, n. 41 de la
44Cab. de Munich, Portraeth, p. 29 et 74, T. HI, 19. 45Seleucus Eois de Syrie, n. 46, PL n, 1; n. 53, PL II, 7. I, Antiochus I. n. 126-128; Duane, PL II, n. 15, 16, 18; Kings of Syna, p. 9, n. 12-14. Antiochus II, p. 14, n. 6. SeleucusII, p. 16, n. 12, 13; PL VI, 3; p. 18, n. 29; p. 19, n. 37, 38, PI. VI, 15; Duane, PL III, 24.
VOL XVII. THIRD SERIES. F F
214
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE. une fieche et s'appnyant de la gauche snr son arc; dansle champ, a gauche,trepied; a Fexergue lettre (B, A), on monogramme. M 9, 8. 17,70-16,50. Duane, Coins of the Seleuc., PL IX, 9; Gardner, Cat. Brit. Mus. Kings of Syria, p. 24, n. 1-3, PI. Yin, 1; Head, Guide, PI, XXXVIII, 18 ; Pellerin, MelangesI, 1765, p. 135, PI. in, 17 (Tresor deLaodicee); Babelon, Eois de Syrie, p. 325-331, PL VIII, 17 et n. 332 avec denx monogr. et sans symbole ; ImhoofBlumer, Portraetk. T. Ill, 16; ma coll., etc.
Tte nn pen pins agee, Cat. Greau, n. 2325, PL IV, sanssymbole, antres monogr. et lettres.
M'W., n. 4-6, PI. VIII, 2; Eou de Syrie, n. 333, PI. VHI, 18; ma coll., symbole trepied.
3. Meme tete.
Rev.-^Meme legende, chevalmarchant a droite. ^E 3- 4,20. Rozsde Syrie, n. 334, PL VJH, 19.
plus etre accept^e depuis que M. Wilcken a montr^47 que1'existence ce roi ephemere repose de ne que sur des combinaisons mal fondles de Droysen48 qu'il est i et
remplacer dans la srie des Seleucides par Antioclms,
48Gardner, 1. c. p. xiv; Bunbnry, Num. Chron., 1883, p. 90, 91, CataL, n. 465; Babelon, 1.c. p. Ixxiv-Ixxvii. 47Wilcken dans Pauly-Wissowa, ReaLencycL p. 2470, AnI,
tiochus n, 26. isuiv.
Ne en 220, son pere se Tassociatout jeune avecle titre de roi de Babylone, ainsi que Cambyse Favait & sous Cyrus.49Comme il estmentionne les inscriptel par
tions cuneiformes des tablettes babyloniennes des annexes 104, 110, 112, 114, 115 de Tere des Seleucides,depuis
208jusqu'en197 av.J.-O. II epousa, 196/5,EL ans,sa soeur 24 Laodic mourut, et en 193, age" 27 ans. II fut divinise*de sonvivant, de commesonpere,et e'estlui que la liste sacerdotale de
Seleucie intercale entre Seleucus III et Antiochus III.50
frappees soneffigieet maintenant at que noussavons qu'il a porte le titre de roi pendant 15 & 16 ans,208-193, il y aurait lieu de rechercher si panni les monnaies classe*es &AntiochusIII et a Hie*rax,il n'y en aurait pas dont la tete juvenile conviendrait mieux A ce fils aine d'Antiochus qu'i sonpereou d Hi^rax.51 III
O'est une question que je me permets de soumettre
aux numismatistes.
Mais ce n'est pas ce jeune roi qui avait douze ans quand il est mentionn^ pour la premiere fois, 208,
que repr^sente t6te enfantine monnaies la des decrites. Gomme Tont bien vu Gough52 H. Cohen52bls et elles nousdonnentle portrait d*Antiochus Eupator.
49D'apres remarque judicieusedeM.Unger,Philologus la tres oCorp. Imcr. Graec.Ill, 4458j Babelon, c., p. Ixxiv. I.
51Voir par exemple, Num. Chron., 1883, PL V, 6; Cat, Buribury II, n. 477. 52Coinsof the Seleuc.,PL IX. *2bisCataL Grrmu, n. 2325 note.
216
NUMISMATIC
CHRONICLE.
!Ne en 173 et nomine roi de Babylone par son pere Antiocbus IT des 170, a l'ge de frois ans, il porta le titre de roi pendant sept ans, depuis 170 jusqu'en 164,
jeuneroi sur sespremieres emissions, apres 164,au type d'Apollon,55 qui n'est que plus developpe*. n'est et Ce
plus un enfant maintenant, mais un gar9on, grand pour
son age*
fait Yoir quele type d'Apollon convientparticulierement aux premiersSeleucides, f urent rois de Babylone. qui
53Wilcken dans Pauly-Wissowa, Beal-encyd. I, p. 2476, cp. 2450, 2452; Unger, Philotoyw, LY, 1896, p. 107. Antiocbos Eupator fuebrte schon als Knabe, 7 Jahre vor dem Tod seines Yaters-am 21 April 170 in Babylon den Koemgstitel, -; am
Dejal Antioclius I commenca, Mars 268, a rebatir & Borsippa fameuxsanctuaire Nebo,57 fik (aplou) le de le de
ZeusBelos-Merodach,que ce titre identifiait avec1'Apollon
Yancre etait le symbole, n'est autre quele dieu de Borsippa,qu'une barque sacreetransportait regulierement & Babylonepour y celebrerpres de son pre Merodach les
f^tes du nouvel an. L'ancre serait ainsi le symbole des droits au trone de Babylone que donnait a SeleucusI sa descendance par Apollon-Nebo, du dieu supreme Zeus
Belos-Merodach.
Pour terminer, il
de
XLI.-Eois
DES MEDES.
Timarque, nomme satrape de Babylone par Antioclius IV,69 se rendit fort utile d son fils Antioclius Y, 164162, comme ambassadeuraupres des Homains et resta
fiddle sa cause, quand le jeune roi eut e*ted^trdn^ et mis mort par DemetriusI. II partit pour Rome,ou
67D'apresTinscr. d'AntiochusI, KeikcJir. Bibl m, 2, p. 136-139. "Wilckendans Pauly-Wissowa, Eeal-encycl. p I,
2454.
371)15 Justin, XY, 4. Babelon, RotedeSyrie, p. Yn, VHL 68K. of Syria,p. 34, 1, 2, PI. IX, 1 ; Babelon, *., n. 528 I.
.
218
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
desiree,
C'etait
Mais son triomphe fut de courte duree. L'annee suivante il est deja vaincu et mis & mort par Demetrius,
qui ce succes valut le nom de Soter,que les Babyloniens,opprimes le roi desMedes, decernerent.61 par lui
G'est done commeroi des Medes reconnu par le Senat de Rome,que Timarque a fait battre des statures d'or,62
destetradrachmes leurs divisions en argent et en et bronze,63 Pinstardesrois de Syrie, et c'esta tort que a
Diodore XXXI, 27a(MueUer, Fragm. Hist. Graec., II, p. xi,
xii), (raTpcartov rjv 3TA^av(TTaros oiv Ti/zap^os ^>L\OS, woXAaias TJJV os ts ePw/x,>i
K.r-X.- /caret TOVcvcoToira Katpov<rarpa,7rr)s
TOtovrov
T^ Soy/iarta-vvcmq<r(LTO MTyStav KaraTQV OToaroTreSov - TL ra Trpdo-^upa iSv&v icaTaTrX^a^evos TOffapos Se TUW ^ta "njsSwaft-ecos, Kat ^roXXoiis VTTVJKOOVS (Spfw/o-evTO ironq&as 7ri Zevy/jta
XXXIV. Ut mortuo Aiitiocho regeSyriae Demetrius cognomineSoter, qui Romae fuerat obses,clam fugit occupataque Syria bellumcumTimarcho Medorum regehabuit Ariarathe (et)
rege Gappadocum.
63Ca*. JBni. Mus. K. of Syria, p. 50,-PL XV. 2, 3, PL XXVIII, 6 ; Babelon, Eou de Syne, p. cxv.
MONNAIES GRECQTJES, INfcDITESET INCERTAINES. 219 les numismatistes continuent de le nommer roi de
Babylone. AussiM. ImhoofM n'aurait pas du classeri la Babylonie un groupe de bronzesd'Antiochus III, analogues par la fabrique,le style et la formedes flansaux bronzes de Timarque,dont le type, une jument qui allaite son poulain,ou un chevalpaissant,ne convientpas specialement a la Babylonie, maistout a fait a la Medie,satrapie
d'ou les rois de Perse tiraient les fameux chevaux Niseens
requite des donnees Polybe,66 titre de roi qu'il de du prend sur sesbronzes du fait qu'Antiochusfit crucifier et soncadavre dansle site le plus frequente de la M6die,67 en preuvequec'estdansce pays qu'il usurpale titre de
roi. O'est donecommetel qu'il a battu monnaie. Aussi me permets-je de signaler la Medie au savant auteur de VHistoria numorumy comme un chapitre qui
65Strabon, 13, p. 525, Aei/^oiv-Iv& TTCVTC XI, /xvptaSas Iwzruw ^Xewov vc/<r$at (/)acrtv Taiv CTTL ZlepcrcoT/, B-ras d-ycXas eli/al ravra? ySacrtXixas 8cNij<ratovs " TOUS tirTrouSjols exp&vro ot/Sac
own KOL jxeyiOTOts, ftVIv^ei/Se ol Xeyouo** ycvos, KTO 6SPolybfe^V, 45, 1, KrupteiKDv (Molon) ravrrjs T^S 8e
67Ibid. 54,6, TOJLICV TOU <roi/*a MoXcovo? avacrrau/ooifrai Trpocre/caraTOV 67rt<avOTaTov T^? M^Stias. TOTTO^
220
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
XLIL -
CYR^NE, MAGAS.
VERS 274.
attribue par M. Svoronosa Gyrene, d'apresle poids attique, le style et le nom de magistrat place au droit
devant la tete et ecrit d rebours suivant Tusage du
pays.68
Mais, si le savant numismatiste n'a pas r^ussi alors t d^ctififrer la legende du revers qu'U lisait . A - MAI, il a bien voulu m'informer depuis que ces lettres Indistinctes lui ont paru plus tard pouvoir tre lues AA - Mil et c'est en effet ce que je crois voir moi-m^me sur les
temporaines suivantes,
M 5. 8,50.
Bompois, Med. de la Cyren.<p. 121, 122, Vignette dit, litre ; CataL Bompois, n. 2074 ; Mueller Svppl., n. 175\
3. Tete d1 Artemis, a droite, la carquoisau dos, devant AAMU KYPANA(iW); grenetis. volant & droite, tenant de la main gauche une couronne et de la droite un diademe royal, sur
tel queAAMflNAKTOZ, par example,mais,comme Ta d^jet propose Mueller,70 De"mos Oyr^neens, fit du des qui
88Cet N retourne ainduit Bompois a lire AAMflKYPAZ,
soupQonne cet Z n'etait du qu'a une inadvertancedu que 70 Muellera aussireconnu,I. c., que Aajuo> Ku/3ava(/<ov)la est forme dorique ^/iov KvpiTva(tW) genitif en a> retrouve de ; ee se
dans lesnoms de magistrats KAINIH,
TOL. XVII. THIRD SERIES.
et KYH'EAfi
G G
TH
222
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
Sur le n. 2 la prosperite et la securite dont jouit le commerce sous Fautorite de Magas sont symboliseespar
le diademe dont Hermes a ceint son caducee.
II estpermisdrenconclureque Magas ne jouissaitpas d'un pouYoiraussiabsoluque les rois d'Egypte et de Syrie; malgresontitre il n'^tait gu^re plus que satrape
et son autorit^ tait limitee par 1'autonomiedu D6mos,
n Wilcken dans Pauly-Wissowa, Eeal~mcycL9 p. 2662, I, Apama; Pftusan,I, 7,8.
qui conservait droit de monnaie le dont il jouissaitdepuis longtemps.72 II est vrai que Mueller date les stateresd'or et les monnaies argent,signespar les mmesmagistrate, en des
annees450 a 322.73 Mais tine comparaison attentive de
la pose Zeus, de assis sontr&ne,desstateres Chairis, sur de Cydis,Theupheides, Jason,avec celle du Zeusaetophore et nicephoredes tetradrachmes aux types d'Alexandra
pour remplacerle Zeusdebout stateressignesKAEA des en monogramme,75PoAIANOEYZ. et Le didraclime, public par M. Svoronos, vient confirmer cesdates, m'avaientdeja t6 sugg^rees comparant qui en le didrachmede Theupheides, cite par M, Svoronos,76
avec la tete ceinte de lierre de Ptolemee IY Philopator
sur les monnaies argentfrapp^es ce roi, sansdoute en par en Cyrenaique.77 " Les raresbronzes, la legendeBAZIAEHZ MAFA,78 i
" Mueller, p. 63.
a 321.
comp.Cat. Brit. Mus. K. of Egypt,PL XIV, 6. 7. 78 Mueller,n. 382; K of Egypt, p. 38, n. 11, 12, PL VI,
7,8.
224
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
de fabriqueplus recente, me semblent ne pas porter le nom du Magasqui nousoccupe, maiscelui de sonpetitfils, le frere cadet de Ptolemee Philopator et le fils de
Le quadrige galop,a gauche, derniersstateres au des d'or de Tneuplieides de Jason,81 et parait avoir seryide
modele& celui des stateresd'or du satrape des Parthes,
M. Gardner, par M. Howorth.83 ni I/Emission cesstateres typedu quadrige galop de au au a donecommence Orientpeu apres mort de Magas, en la 258,sous rgne le d'Antioctus II, 264-247, quand proles
80Polybe, V, 34,36 ; Droysen, Gesch.d. Hellen. IH, 2, p. 164, 165. Straek, Die Dynaitie der Ptolemaeer,1897, p. 194. 81Mueller, n. 184,189. 83Justin, XLI, 4; Gardner, Num. Ghron., 1879, p. 1,P1. I, 1; Cat. Brit. Mm. Bactna, p. xix, PL I, 1; Head, Guide, 28,
15.
bientot
83Num.Chron., 1879,p. 4, PL I, 2; 1890,p. 38, 41; Head, Guide, 28,15. Les vraisuomsdecesatrape de sa satrapie PL et oat ete reconnus par M. JVIarquart, je Tespere, qui, pubhera
sa deconverte.
vincesorientales royaumedes du Seleucides revolterent se presque toutes et cettedateme confirmedansropinion ^ que les stateres d'or de Gyrene sont classer regnede au
Magas, d'autant plus qu'ils font suite aux stateres d'or de
Ptole"mee Soter au quadrigedjelephants, dont quelquesuns sontsigned memes des magistratsIPPoKPA^r) et KAEA,85 monogrammes, en qu'on retrouvesurdesbronzes de Cyrenea la tete d'Apollon ou a celle de Ptolemee
Soter,86
J. P. Six.
, Deeembre,1896,
*4 Justin, XLI, 4 ; Strabon, XI, 9, 2, p. 515. 85Mueller, SuppL, n. 865a; Zeitsclir. f. Numism., VII, 1880, p. 314, T. IV ; ma coll.; Catal. Cte de D., 1889, n. 108, PL III; Catal Montagu, I, PL X5 D. 782, n, PL IV, 421.
XIII.
ON- SOME COINS OF WILLIAM I. AND H.
(See PlateX.)
Legend
+ LBOEYILD OMLEPE:
[PL X. 1.]
227
doesnot appear any of the lists of moneyers, in although I havecarefullylookedthrough thoseof all the reignsand
mints of the time. A point which at onceinvites remark in this nameLeofvild is the letter V. In this placethe letter
must have the same sound as the modern V, but so far as I know there was no distinction between V and U till much later than the time of Harold II. As to the V
piecesfilled in.
moneyer'sname are not very clear, and a casual observer might misread them, as the strokes of the letters appearin
CoinNo. 2. Numberedand figured as 224 in the sale catalogue the second of portion of Mr. Montagu'scoins.
228
NUMISMATIC CHUONIOLE.
The reverseis from the same die as the previous coin. The two pieces bear identical marks where they have not been more or less obliterated by bad treatment. As an instance,the P of PTfX has a little hook on the inside of the loop and three little dots, due to irregularities of the die, inside the loop. Coin No. 3. Samecatalogue,No. 220.
06v.-From the same die as the last.
fiev. -A crosspattee,with a trefoil ornamentin eachquarter pointing inwards, as Hawkins, Fig. 239. Legend
+ LEEPYILD OM LEPE: [PL X. 3.] The legend is from the same reverse die as the two
earlier coins, but the misformed O has been altered to an
E which stands out from the other letters. All the other
OZw.-Prom the samedie as No. 3. The sceptre has been turned into a sword hy the removal of the lateral
eurs from the lis termination. A cross bar below has been added. Also two tassels are now seen
Olv-Same die as 2 and 3, that is, with sceptre. Rev.-That of the ordinary Paxs type. Legend + LIFOED
ONLI3STDO. PP1.X.
229
QbUf Same die as No. 4. There are, however, some slight alterations; the swordis longer. die as No. 5. [PI. X. 6.]
Coin No. 7. Idem No. 226.
Ilev. - Also the same die as No. 5, but certain letters have
sceptre is still visible when this symbol of power is exchanged for a military one. Except the coin of Harold IL all the abovewere in Mr. Montagu's collection. and realised large prices at his sale. Since that sale I have been able to obtain other coins for examination, which I now passon to notice.
Thepositionof the obverse the reverse exactlythe to is same both coins. This piecewasformerlyMr, "Webb's in
and was sold at his sale.
CoinNo. 9. Mr. H. (X O'Hagan,the possessor this of piece, was good enoughto allow me to examineit ; it
was also a "Webb coin.
VOL. XVII. THIRD SERIES. H H
230
Obv.-Full Bev.-A
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
face between two stars without cross voided circles. termi-
Fig. 250, and are attributed to the end of "William II. The legend which graces this reverse is the old one
JRev.-Also probably from the same die as No. 9. Legend LIFDIN ON LESTE. [PL X. 9.]
This is the coin I exhibited sometime ago in connexion with a paper on over-struck and altered dies. It is struck over a " Paxs " penny. It was recalled to my mind by Mr. O'Hagan's coin, and on examination, I regret to say, I found the obverses certainly, and the reverses probably, from the same dies. The uncertainty is due to the confusionproducedby the over-striking.
Coin No. 11.
Obv.-Prom the same die as Nos. 9 and 10.
Olv. and Rev.from same dies as the last three, but legend SEPOKD ON MALME; also struck over another
231
showit throughthe kindness Mr. Ready,the owner. of Having briefly described coins,I must now refer to the someparticular featuresabout them all. I haveshown
that LEOFVILD and LEEFVILD do not appearin the lists of moneyers. The sameholds good for DODABDon
uponsucha fact by itself, but I think it shouldhave its weight whencircumstances compelus to look twice at a
coin.
It will be seenfrom the foregoing that there is a most extraordinary connection betweenall these pieces,and the question that immediately puts itself forward is that of authenticity. Can all these pieces,struck from identical dies, or parts of dies, have been made at the time of the sovereigns whose names they bear, or do they proceed from the laboratory of some person who has most seriously misdirected his skilful fingers ? We have here
232
KUMISMATJC CHRONICLE.
tion. I mustsaya few wordsabout the Harold coin. I obtained with othercoins,all genuineones, the early it in
days of my collecting, and I was rather surprised and disgusted when it was declared false at the British Museum. Mr. Montagu and others concurred in this
which have been called tooling on my coin, are really marks in the die, and the same marks appear on the
reverse of coin No. 2. This binds the first two coins
together, and all the others must be grouped with these, as they all have been shownto be, one side or other, from
the same dies.
Now supposeall the coins are genuine, what follows ? We have two new moneyers,or two spellings of the same moneyer, for Lewes, viz., LEOFVILD and LEEFVILD. The new moneyer has a most unusual letter V in his
name. Besides that, LEEFVILD, who started work in Harold II/s time, had occasion to tool-mark his die. He
then struck a penny in William's time, with the same reverse,but with an obverseof a much later period, and
then to this latter obverse he added reverses to suit it, but he still used the old die letters for his name, viz.,
LEEFVILD
OM LEPE.
233
reign, ^ith the old legend,and he struck it over a "Paxs" penny. He alsolent his diesto SIpORD,of
Winchester, and to LIFORD, of Lincoln, both of whom usedthem for striking pennies, now of the highestrarity, viz., the side-faced **Paxs" coinsand the newtype with
the sword instead of the sceptre. In William II.'s
time, again,his dieswere usedby LIFDLN", of Leicester, who gives us LESTE, a contemporary spelling for
produced in modern, times. Firstly, we must grant the existenceof an extremely clever engraver, who knew how to copy ancient work most deftly, but did not excel as an
234
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
to strike, so that the ground-work and the edge should defy detection. Under this suppositionwe can go a step further, and say that the coins were made after Beaworth.
times. Tliis will account for the absence of the Win-
chester side-face " Paxs" coin from the Beaworth list, and
also for the " Paxs" pennieswhich were used, and which were of the greatest rarity before the great discovery in
Of the two sides this questionI unhesitatingly to give my opinion in favour of forgery, as involving fewer impossibilities than authenticity. Had the engraver only
stuck to known types and moneyers,I believe these coins
would have defied detection.
This seriesis not the only example of its kind, and the
other one I can mention tells the same tale. In the "Webb
a reverseof the first type of Henry II. Thesepieces werepassed the saleof Mr. Webb'scoins false,and at as
with them a coin of Henry I., which was from the same
reverse die as one coin of Matilda. The coin next to
Henry I., and therefore obviouslyfalse; but it defiedthe detection thosepresent, of and I believewas bought by Mr. Montagu,and sold for a considerable sum at MrMontagu's Sale. Here,then, is the same overagain, tale and the samewonderfulwork, and the samedeception. It was unhesitatinglycondemned. Why, then, should
we withhold our condemnation from this series ? L. A. LAWRENCE.
XIV.
ON A HOAED OF SHOBT-CEOSS PENNIES.
Classes UL and V., and it is quite possiblethat someof the coins given to these two classesshould have been included in Class IV.: the point, however, is of small importance, and I only mention it on accountof the seem-
ingly small number of coinsin this class. We have, then,in this hoard coinsof all th*eshort-cross varieties, oneshouldexpectfrom its completeness further some
236
NUMISMATIC CHROXICLE.
evidencein referenceto the old short-cross question, now long set at rest. The evidence,happily, is all on one side, viz., that of confirming most forcibly Sir John Evans's views, as given in the volume of the Chronicle 1865 for (New Series,vol. v.). The mints representedin the find,
Canterbury . .
London .... Chichester . Exeter . , York Lincoln .... . ,
.
I . .
5
18
32
95 2 2 3 2
22
8
156
147
215
269 2 2 8 3 2 2 29 1 10
227
264 3 2 9 6
5 1
Norwich .... .
Northampton .
Rnla . . St. Edmunds Oxford . . Winchester . . , . . . . -
2
?, 1 1
1
2 1 9
E
2
24
2 10
1 21 1 14
35
149
32
827
545
Illegible Foreign
26
574
From this it will be seenthat Canterbury and London account for 215 and 269 coins respectively, upwards of four-fifths of the whole. St. Edmundsbury follows with 29, Winchester with 10, York with 8, Lincoln with 3, while 2 each comefrom Chichester, Exeter, Northampton, Norwich, and Rula, and one only, and that doubtfully, attributed to Oxford. A comparison with the Eccles
237
mintedat places represented this find were:in Canterbury2,278, London 2,643, St. Edmunds 212,
Winchester 142, York 96, Northampton and Norwich
together 105, Lincoln 58, Chichester31, Exeter 19, Eula 9, Oxford13. This showsa hoard just ten times as largeas the presentone,and the mints represented in each,with one or two exceptions, in the same are proportion. We maythereforeconclude that the vastmajority of short-cross pennieswere struck at Canterburyand
London.
all bearingthis mark, andall are of Class Thiswould II. seemto imply that the mark was in use before King John'stime,thoughthe coinsof Eula are the only ones
on which the crossbotonny appearsas early as ClassII. Of coins bearing ornamental letters Samuelof Canterbury and Ilger of London have both left us evidenceof their taste in one coin each. The 6?sand C's, the usual
letters, are those here characterised.
There are severalmoneyers' names interestappearof ing on someof the pieces;thus, JohanB., Johan M.,
Joan Chic., Joan F. E., Eobert Vi., Eoger of E., and
William
or rather of London.
The foreign coins, though only three in number, are interesting from the fact that similar pieceswere found
at Eccles.
the Lion,
I I
238
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
King of Scotland ; one is illegible, but had for the moneyer the name RAVL; the other, partly illegible, gives the reverse legend .... 7VM: 0 : EOCC, I supand posewas struck at Roxburgh. The last coin is perhaps the most interesting piece in the hoard-a sterling of the Emperor Otho IV.,
1208-1212.
Ofrv.-OTTO " INPB^TOR, full-faced bust with sceptre. Rev.-* TESMONI a6C7T (Dortmund). Short cross
"with four pellets in each angle.
A coin o this type, found at Eccles, is figured in vol. v., New Series, PL XI., Fig. 11. Otho was King John's nephew, and this type of his coin is of extreme rarity. The time covered by the hoard is from A.D. 1180 to some time before 1248, the great majority of the coins
3. CANTERBURY.
4,
+ TtBNTIVD
4- GCOLDWINGC
, ON , eCTS; 1
. ON . cc 2
4 ec i 3
Tec i
. ON
4- l]IYN . ON .
ON
4- BOB6CBD
. ON-. OC7t,
4-BOeeCB.ON.a^NT
1 4-BOeCBON
1.
2,
3.
CANTERBURY,
SIMVN.ON,a7tN
1 +SIMVN.ON.a^NT6C
+ SIMON , ON , a^N
+ SIMON . ON . aSNT
2 + SIMVN.ON
1
1
+ TOMffS.ON.aS
VL7VED
, ON . dTOTT
H-TUBeCL.ON.LYNDG;
12
. ON . LVND6CN
.
4-FYLEeC.ON.LY
LYND
1
2
riecNBia.ON.LW . -LYND.,.
2 1
IL6eCE.ON.LYN
ILGSE
. ON
I.
2.
3.
LONDON. ON. LVND BAVL.ON LVNDE 1 EeCNeCB.ON.LVND + EICC7TBD.ON.LVN + STIVaNGC.ON.LVN. N.LV NLV E.O.N.LV is 1 1 2 D 2 ElttTYBD . B . ON . LV 2 2 . ON. LVN D
Da
3 4- KAVtf 6
10
N.LVN
---D
G
10
+ WILL6CLM.ON.LVN
3 -h WILL6CLM
. ON . LV
1 3 1
+ WTLLELM.B.ON.LV + WILLGCLM.T.ONLV
Illegible moneyers
CHICHESTER.
WILLGCLM
. ON aia
EXETER.
. ON eca
YORK. i +DAVI.ON.G:VQ;E i
I.ON.eCY
3 + IOI]7VN.ON.eCYGCE 1
1
LINCOLN.
i
1
1 + EXYP.
+ WTLLGCLM. ON S7VNT 1
2.
+ eoaaLM.ON.wiNa
+ TTDTIM . ON . WIN
+ ftNDKaV . ON , WN
2
1
+ IOI]S:N.ON.WIN
+ LYXSS + ESV-* + EKIfiED WILLIAM
4*
1
.
i 1
Rev.*f TEGCmONI .
NOTICES
OF EECENT
NUMISMATIC
PUBLICATIONS.
Nachtrmje und Beriohtogunt/en Munzkunde do romischen zur Repibltk, &c. Von M. Bahrfeldt. Wien, 1897.
The author of this work has taken as his basis Babelon's
Monnaiesdela Repubttque rouiaitie. His aim and object has been to add any new material which he may have collected relating
to this section of Roman numismatics, and to correct any
errors of description or others which may be met with in M. Babelon's work. Besides being a collector of Roman coins for a period of over twenty-five years, Herr Bahrfeldt has devoted much time and patienceto the examination of nearly all the public and private collections in Europe, a list of which is given at the end of his volume, Naturally he has found new material, and traced many errors of description. M. Babelon's
work was an immense advance on that of the late M. Cohen :
the latter is a catalogue; the former is the work of a scholar. It is true that M".Babelon made someuse of his predecessor'sdescriptions, and also of his somewhat imperfect illustrations; but his chronological arrangement, his notes, and the history' of the various moneyers, are in the mam original,
and it is on these that the real value of his work the midst of his arduous official duties H. Babelon is based. In was of course
obliged to limit his researchesto public collections, and to such private ones as were readily accessible. The task of searching among the private collections generally could only be performed by some one with a greater amount of leisure, and it is this task which Herr Bahrfeldt has accomplished. The result is that he has brought together a great deal of matter which forms an excellent supplement to M, Babelon's work. Herr Bahrfeldt has been most painstaking not only in checking M.
246
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
as to whether the form of a letter is correctly given or a symbol accurately described. The writer makes apparently very few if any criticisms on the question of the chronology of the coins, which is one of the chief merits of M. Babelon'swork ; nor does he discussin any way M. Babelon's notes about the moneyers. Preciseness of the highest importance in numismatics, especiis ally when coins are wanting in artistic interest, and there is no
lack of this in Herr Bahrfeldt's volume. Babelon issues a new edition of his work No doubt when M. he will not fail to
Major-General Clerk has produced, at very considerable pains, a full catalogue of all the known coins of the Achaean League, numbering no less than 443. As this is an increase by 205 on the list published by Weil in 1882, the necessity of a new list is apparent. The only new town to which a coin is attributed is Lusi, in Northern Arcadia ; but a very large
number of new varieties are described. Most valuable are the
thirteen plates, containing, according to the author's statement, 311 coins; although we are not sure that the black background
does not detract from the clearness of some useful lists of towns and names. the details. There are We notice a number of
lapsus calami, such as KOPON El A, Troezen, Percy Gardiner, ImhoffBlumer, Messme, ANAPIAAZ, XAEAPX,
(AY)ZIMA(KOZ);
force. Altogether numismatists owe a debt of gratitude to Major-General Clerk, the more so as the subject which he has taken up, although of great historical importance, is not one of
the most attractive branches of Greek numismatics. G. F. HELL.
Minton's Numi&natic Bibliography* It is to the perseveranceand diligence of oneof our members, Mr. Thomas Minton, that the Library of the Department of
Coins and Medals in the British Museum is indebted for a work
247
appreciated by thosewho are privilegedto makeuse of it. only For many years past Mr. Minton has occupied leisure his time in compiling voluminous of the numismatic a list works of
all countries which have appeared during the present century
downto the year 1893. This list includesnot only books and
pamphlets published separately, but all the shorter papers, memoirs, and notices which have been printed in the numerous numismatic journals and reviews. The number of entries exceeds thirteen thousand, alphabeti-
cally arrangedunder the authors' names,the works of each author appearing the orderof the dateof publication. in
Perhaps the most generally useful portion of Mr. Minton's work will be found to be the Index, which occupies a separate volume by itself. It contains nearly three thousand names of countries, cities, kings, dynasties, peoples,&c., ancient, Oriental, and modern, who have issued coins, followed by a cross-reference to the names of the writers who have dealt with the
subject. Naval, military, religious, academical, and purely personal medals are also included in Mr. Minton's exhaustive
Index.
MISCELLANEA.
SAXON COINS POUND NEAKHITCHIN-During the great gale of 1895 a number of elm-trees weie uprooted in the district
^Ethelred 1. BIARNCAH. I believe that I am right in reading EVDHEEE, instead ot the more ordinary GVDHEBE. The penny of JEthelred appearsto be of baser metal than the coins
of Burgred.
Looking at the circumstancesunder which these coins were found, it seems extremely probable that the seven coins are merely a sample, as it were, of a much larger hoard that is still buried at the spot where once the elm-tree stood among the loots of which they were found. But to make any iurther examination, the spot must be identified, and this at present seemsimpossible. I take this opportunity of placing upon record the discovery of four other Saxon coins at no very great distance from HitchiD. Two of these are sceattas of the type Ruding, PL II 27, which were found near Sandy, Beds. The third is of Offa, iound at Ashwell, Herts, moneyer EOBS, Hading, PL IY. 14, and the fourth is of Alfred, found at Shillington, Beds, type of Eudmg, PL XV. 5, with EDVALD MONETA on the
reverse. This seams to be a scarce variety. LATCHMORE.
UNDESCRIBED PENNY KING JOHN.-Some little time ago I OF came into possessionol a short-cross penny, which I was
MISCELLANEA.
249
unable to identify. During a recent visit to the British Museum I showedit to Mr. H. Grueber, who kindly took the trouble to look into the matter for me, and finally confirmed my opinion that it was previously undescnbed. I therefore record it in these pagesas follows, viz. :Obi-.- ftSNBICCVS. . . eCX ; front face with two curls each side, cross above, sceptre to right. En.- WILL6CL ... ON L6CII (Willelm, on Leicester ; in earlier reigns LEII would have stood for Chester, accordingto Montague's revision, but CE or CES appears on Chester coins at this date) ; usual small cross and double pellets in centre. The coin is of the rough Henricus type usually ascribed to King John. The four E's in the lettering are curiously formed, thus fC; the long termination to the central stroke of the E almost gives the appearanceof a double C.
"WlLLOUGHBY GARDNER.
AN UNPUBLISHED COORG MEDAL.-This pewter medal, of which an illustration is gn en, has lately been presented to me
by Henry Tyler, Esq., J P., of Limavaddy,Ireland, who was once in the MadrasArtillery Corps. He procured it in the
Madias Presidency.
The medal very rare. I know of no other specimen It is weighs417 giams, and is two inahesin diameter.
230
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
to
be made
a Christian
of:
she was
the
Princess
Yictoria of Coorg who married Colonel Campbellot the Madras This medal was given to all his soldiery by the Raja previous
to the commencement of hostilities with the British-Indian
troops. The inscription on it is in Persian. Persian was the diplomatic and Court languagein India at that time. Translated into English it runs thus:" 0! Great God! I your humble servant do send this man to war on the enemy, but in your protection and assistance I alone put my trust. " The punishment of all cowards is necessary." Then below in Canarese is Sri, the name of his Hindu divinity. The Coorg country and the Coorg people are beautiful to a degree.
GEO. G. PEAESE,
General ti.H.A.
MISCELLANEA.
25 L
Coins, vol. x., p. 76, No. 364d3 and adds a new mint to the
list : it reads : -
<Ul J,
> J
des haras
et beaucoup jolies maisons. Mais ce qu'Uy a deplus rede marquable Damar,c'estune universite celebre, a dans laquelle
il y a beaucoup d'etudians, surtout de Zeidites. Ici sont enterres
deux Imams, Om ed Din et Mutdher, de la famille actuellement
r gnante a Kaukebdn"
MB. F. W. HASLUCK sends the following descriptionsof Roman denariifoundnear Cambridge, formingpart of the and hoarddescribed Mr. William C. Boyd, supra 119. It will be by p. seenfromthis list that thereare amongstthe coinsthreetypes
NUMISMATIC
CHRONICLE.
Elagabalus,
Cohen.
SPEI PERPETYAE
Sev. Alexander.
273
PP
.
Mamaea.
52 289
Julia
YESTA .0
Gordian III.
81
FELICIT
PMTRP
TEMPOR
mi COS n PP
....
. . .253
72 . 266(2) 296
353
8
49
LAET FVNDAT(9)*
SAECYLYM
....
....
72
200
(Hexastyle temple.)
XV.
ON SOME RAEE GEEEK COINS.
(See PlatesXI-XTV.)
I HAVEalready, on three former occasions, given to the Societyan accountof coins,added to my collection,
which, from their interest, beauty, or rarity, it appeared desirahleto bring under the notice of our members. In
1. Obv-Female head r., wearing necklace with acorn pendant in front, earring, stephane and cornwreath. Hair behind confined by a veil, tied at the back of head and projecting behind, and in front of, neck. Beneath, tunny r. Rev.-Mill-sail incuse, lined.
EL.
Thehead,which is not surpassed beautyby any of in the femaleheads the coinsof Cyzicus, probablyof on is Demeter, though it mayequallywell be assigned Kore. to
A figure of Demeter has already occurred on a stater, and was published in the Chronicle, 3rd Series, vol. x.,
VOL. XVII. THIRD SEKIE6. L L
254
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
PL III. 2. The two dies may be the work of the same engraver, mayalsobe the beautifulheadof Aphrodite as (ElectrumCoinage Cyzicus, II. 11), and that of of PL
Poseidon (/. c., PL I. 5). 2. Obv.-Male figure, which may be bearded, wearing chlamys, restraining horse which he holdsby a r.,
the reins in his right hand. Beneath, tunny r. Rev.-Mill-sail incuse, granulated.
EL.
doesnot look like a kausia. To the sameflaw may be attributed the appearance the figure having a beard. of If the projectinglines could be interpretedas rays, the design might bethat of Heliosaboutto harness of his one horses,but this can scarcelybe accepted a possible as
explanation of the type. It probably representssomehero connectedwith the legendary history of the place.
3. Obv.-Forepart of winged deer, running, 1.; beneath, tunny L Eev.-Mill-sail incuse, plain.
255
is represented, apart from the generalform, which is for, sufficientlycharacteristic,there is the appearance a of
short horn in front of the ear.
The type is a newone at Oyzicus, though a somewhat similar subject, wherethe two brothers are represented, hasbeen published ElectrumCoinage Cyzicus, 63, in of No.
PL III. 14. The samerepresentationof Herakles and the
serpentsoccurs on the coinage of several places,and notablyon the alliance coinsof Samos, Ephesus, Cnidus,
lasus, and Rhodes,struck after the battle of Cnidus, B.C.
394. Ona beautifulgold staterof Lampsacus, copied no doubtfrom oneof Cyzicus, subjectis treatedin a very the
similar way. The work of the Lampsaceneartist, both in
EL,
The headdress is very similar to that on a stater engraved,PI. III. 21, in Ekctr. Coinageof Cyzicus> where
256
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
be of the aged wanderingseafarer, canit, with any nor probability, be attributed, unless it be of one of the
Dioskouroi.
6. Olv.-Youthful
Rev.-Mill-sail
downwards.
EL. 41-6grs. [PL XI. 6.] This, a hect of the poorly preservedstater describedin Electr. Coinageof Cyzicus,No. 79, PL III. 32, is in a sufficiently good state to exhibit the features and hair perfectly. It belongs to the earlier coinage of the State, and is of very good workmanship. There is nothing sufficiently characteristic about it to allow of its being
7. Obv.-Naked, winged, male figure, with apparently the head and back fin of a dolphin, flying 1. He holds a tunny by the tail in the left hand, and a club or some other object, over the shoulder, in the right.
Rev.-Mill-sail incuse.
EL.
This twelfth waspublished in JElectr.Coinage Cyzicus, of No. 60, PL III. 11, from a badly struck coin in the British Museum, The present coin, which is in good condition, gives the type much more distinctly, though
the head the objects and nearit are not soclearthat they
can be identified with certainty. The subject is quite
incapable beingexplained. of
257
lying it is a tunny 1.
Key.-Mill-sail incuse.
The type of this twelfth is a novel representation a of harpy on the coinage Cyzicus, of though the creatureis
found otherwise and variously treated on staters, hectae,
and twelfths.
9. Obv.-A figure to r., with the head of a hippopotamus, and bird's wings and tail, holding a tunny upright. Or, a winged monster with lion's head and fore-
This earlyhecte,though a little rubbed,is well enough preserved allow the detailsto be made out with some to degree certainty. The headappears be that of a hipof to popotamus, the breasts projectingbelly are,to me, and and quite apparent. All theseare attributesof the Egyptian deity Thoueris (Ta-urt), and the figure hasa striking resemblance the well-known representations the goddess. to of It may seemunlikely that such a subject should occur on a coin of Cyzicus, but that commercial city was so much in the habit of copying the coins of other states, and using subjects otherwise connected with them, as to make it by no means impossible that an Egyptian deity should be found among its coin types. It may, however, as Mr. Head maintains, be a lionheaded winged monster, and, if so, a subject at present quite inexplicable.
258
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
10. Obv.-Head of ram L, with a trifid object and a line projecting from it behind; above it, a tunny
Rw.-Mill-sail incuse.
N. 129-6. [PL XL 12.] These two coins, a hecte and a twelfth, have a type hitherto unknown on the Oyzicene coinage, though a ram itself, the forepart of one, and a ram's headjoined to
Thegod is hererepresented with short hair, in which respectthe headdiffers from the Cyzicene prototype,as
also it doesin not having the herald-staff as an accom-
paniment. This is not the only instancein which the engraver-artists Lampsacus of copiedthe worksof the diesinkersof Cyzicus, as Cyzicusreproduced types just the
of other Stateson its coinage. As examplesof this practice
259
the heads Actaeon Odysseus Herakles of and and strangling the serpents maybe noted.
A coin from the same dies is in the Cab. desMe'dailles,
EL.
EL.
260
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
EL. 39-6grs. [PI. XL 16.] A hecte of Phocsea, identical in every respectwith the coin of Oyzicus of the same denomination,engraved in Plectrum Coinage Cyzicus,PL V., 28, except in having of the seal above,instead of the tunny beneath. Another specimen of the hecte was in the Ivanoff
Obv.-Lion recumbent to L, the head, with open mouth, turned back, and apparently roaring, placed within an oblong frame, divided into squares by
a series of two thin lines.
JJ^.-Three incuses, the central oblong, the others square, all with cusped edges. The oblong one contains an animal, like a fox. standing 1.; the
261
which* however, the lion in a reversed has position,and placed within a doubleframe,with some looped markings
aboveand behind the lion. M. Babelon (RevueNumismatique, 3rd Ser., vol. xiii., PL VI. 4) has published another stater, quite similar to that now under notice,
from the Cabinet des Medailles, Paris, as well as two tritae and the fourth of a stater of the same issue. In
incuses,one oblong and two square,on the reverse, were minted at Miletus, as has been suggested M. by Babelon in his very valuable essay," Etudes sur les
Monnaies primitives d'Asie Mineure," in the Revue
obverse, was published by M. Frang. Lenormant(Annuaire la Soei&ti de Franf. deNumismatique, iv., p. 171, vol.
No. 1) from a coin he sawat Smyrna in 1860.
EUBOIO STANDARD.
on each side.
SERIES. M M
262
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
EL.
Obv.-Similar.
Rev.-Similar.
and the coinsprobablybelongto a time before therewai any coinage Gyrene. At the sametime it* is difficul at
to believe that dies should have been executed which i
1. Oto.-Bifrontal head; male, with animal ears and lonj beard, to r., female to 1. No neck to the heads
263
EL.
EL.
assigned with any certainty to Phocsea, there not being any remains a seal clearlyvisible. Thehorse, of though
not so rudely represented as that on the primitive silver
coins of the ^ZEginetic standard, which have been attributed, though on quite insufficient grounds,to Cyme,is very similar to that on this coin.
The incuse, the mill-sail pattern, though somewhat of irregular in form, might point to Oyzicusor Phocsea as
264
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
N.
This pretty little coin, which, on accountof its colour appears to be of gold, is a twenty-fourth of the Phocaic standard. It is noted, but without being figured, bj H. Babelon in RevueNumismatique, 3rd Ser., vol. xiii, p. 41, but is not assignedby him to any place.
A well-known electrum stater of the Milesian standard,
just mentioned, do not know of any early gold 01 I electrum coin which hasfor its type a bull, either the whole or in part, with the head in that position. The headand neck of a bull is a common type on the silvei
money of Samos, and Mr. Head (S. M. Cat, Ionia, p. 349,
now
to
265
5. Qbv.-Dog, lying curledround,asleep, r. (?) to Eev.-Irregularly shaped incuse. EL. 20 8 grs. [PL XI. 24.] This twelfth of the Phocaic standard, hitherto unpublished, cannot be attributed, though it belongs,no doubt,
to someplaceon the westcoastof Asia Minor. A dog occursin various fashions on the electrum coinage Cyzicus, not in the way hererepresented. of but
6. Obv.-Fibula upon a raised disk. Eev.-Square incuse, containing markings which assume something of the form of a Maltese cross.
EL. 42-2 grs. [PL XI. 25.] A hecte, of the full weight of the Phocaic standard, hitherto unpublished. The type is a most remarkable
and quite novel one among manyand varied subjects the on the large seriesof Greek coins. To what place it belongs, what explanationof it may be given, it is and hard to say. It probably has reference somelegend to
which is now unknown. Had the story of Jason and the loss of his sandalbeen forgotten, the occurrence a sandal of
on the coinsof Larissa wouldhavebeen quiteinexplicable. The beads,large and small, strung on the bow of the fibula, wereon the original dress-fastener probablymade
of bronze, glass, or amber, though the latter material,
Camirus, which has bronzebeadson it. In early times it wasa not unusual thing to offer fibulae the temples, in and it maybe that the hectewas struck as a representa-
266
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
tive of a fibula and offeredin its place. This does not, however, appear be a very satisfactory to explanation.
7. Obv.-A flower (?) representedby a central pellet and six
others, of different sizes, round
of leaves.
it.
It
is sur-
rounded;by what has somewhat the appearance Rev.-An irregular-shaped incuse, with two raised lines crossing diagonally within it.
Thetype of both of thesesmall electrum coins,a fortyeighth and ninety-sixth of, apparently, Phocaicstanthe
dard, is not easyof explanation, though that of the first is either a flower or a lion's head,r. Nor can they be classed except to some pkce on the west coast of Asia Minor.
1. Obv.-Fore part of lion to 1., with fore-leg outstretched, and open mouth. In front of the mouth are some marks which may be letters, and beyond them undefined markings. Rev*-Oblong incuse, divided into two equalparts.
EL. 36 grs. [PI. XH. 1.] This hecte of the Milesian standard appears be of the to
ON SOME RAKE GREEK COINS. front of the lion's mouth have been read into
U67
EL.
It is not easy saywith certainty what is the object to represented. On the whole it appearsto be the head of a lion seenin profile to r., the eye and ear being sufficiently apparent, alsoarethe mouth andjaws. as
4. Obv. Lion's headadv.,within a linear square. Rev. Square incuse. -
stater,219-5grs.,B. M, Cat., Coinsof Ionia,PL 1. 1 ; the trite, 72-7grs., Num. Chron., Ser., 3rd vol. ii., PL YIIL 2, and the hectfe, 35*3grs,, Num. Chron.,3rd Ser.,vol. xiii.,
PI. VII. 10.
268 5. 0^.-Bull's
Thetype is one belongingto Eretria, but as it is very doubtfulif in early times electrum coinswere struck by any placeoutsideAsia Minor, the coin probablybelongs
to sometown on the westernsea-coast that country. of
5. Obv.Eam's head 1.
Rev.-Irregularly
relief.
EL.
Theseearly coins of the Milesian standard, two hectae and a twenty-fourth, have upon them the well-known
269
d'Asie Mineure " (ftev. Numis., 3rd Ser., vol. xiii. p. 29),
is inclined to class these and other similar coins to
Clazomense. He thinks that Cebren, situated, as it was, at a distance from the sea,was not likely to have had an
early electrumcoinage. Someof the coinshe refersto areof the Phocaic standard, mayvery possibly and belong
to Clazomense;but the coins now under notice, as well as the twenty-fourths in the British Museum and the
Bibliothque, of the Milesianstandard. It doesnot are seemprobablethat any place would issue, the same at
time and of the same metal, coins of different standards, unlessthere was,as in the caseof the gold coins attributed
to Croesus, specialreason for such a practice being a adopted. Therewasnothing in the commercial position
of Clazomense to induce the state to use at the same time
Rev.-Square incuse, divided into four parts, each containing irregular markings.
EL. 9-6 grs. [PL XII. 9.] The coin appearsto be a twenty-fourth of the Milesian standard. The fish, probably a tunny, has the fins, which are more in number than they should be, represented by
long, thin tentacles, corresponding their exaggerated in size to that of the eye and tail. The markingswithin the divisionsof the incuse presentmuchthe same appearance as the fins.
VOL, XVII. THIRD SERIES. N N
270
NUMISMATIC CHBOXTCLE.
Had the weight allowedthe coin to be considered of the Phocaicstandard, wouldnaturally havebeenclassed it to Cyzicus, and, though it falls more readily into the Milesian standard,it may be a rather light Phocaic
twenty-fourth.
TABENTUM.
Obv, Head of Hera, wearing stephane, earring and necklace; hair rolled in front and flowing long
behind.
E&v. Taras, naked, seated to front, with head turned to r., holding a distaff in his r. hand and a ball in his 1. Beneath, dolphin. TAPAS-
N.
Obv, Female head L, wearing necklace of beads with pendant, and earring. Hair waved over forehead and bound with fillet. In front of face a
A AM MET
A. A.
271
A headquite similar to that of Homonoiaon another didrachm(Brit. Mm. Cat., Italy, p. 244, Ho. 59), and probablyby the same artist. It is catalogued Mionnet, by vol. i., p. 158, No. 553, who givesthe letters as AAA.
On the coin under notice the third letter has the form of
A, the other part of M being merged in the stem of the torch, and after the second A is the bottom of what, no doubt, is T. Two coins figured in Carelli (ed. 1850), PL CLII. 68, 69, have the legend AAMATHPThe head is of Demeter, and makes a seventh head on
the coinageof Metapontum to which the nameis attached, the others being Apollo, Nike, Hygieia, Homonoia,
Obv.-Tripod-lebes, with three handles; in field, to r., a crab; to 1., ^ <J> circle in relief, upon which is :
a line of dots.
Rev.-Tripod incuse, the handles in relief; in field, to 1., a dolphin downwards, in relief; to r. <\ > : circle of dots; within, a plain circle.
M.
This didrachm, which is muchbelowthe normalweight, possesses peculiarity of having on eachsideonly the the two first letters, <?{>, of the placename. Among the
very large number of coins of Croton describedin Caretti, and among those in the collection of the British Museum,
and in all the salecatalogues have seen, I there is not onewhichhas a smaller number of letters upon it than
the first three.
272
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
GELA.
Obv.-Fore-part of man-headed bull, swimming r,, wearing a wreath of laurel round the shoulders.
C EAA.
additionof a wreath,is engraved, very inadequately, but in Torremuzsa, Auctu-arium PL II. 4. The peculiar ii.,
treatment of the bull seems to warrant a more accurate
1. Olv.-Male beardlesshead r., wearing a wreath of laurel, in three rows; the hair is crisply curled in a mass behind. At the back of the head is a spray of laurel, with one leaf and a berry. Border of
dots.
Rev.-Lion's head r.; around are three grains of barley, and beneath,a fish r. V EO N T I N Q N.
SL. 267"grs. [PL XIL 14.] The head of Apollo is here treated in a somewhat unusual manner, and the features and expression are,
A coin similar to
273
M.
Obv. Femaleheadr., wearing earring and broad necklace, with a string of pearls upon it. The hair is rolled over the ampyx across the forehead. Around three dolphins r. Rev.- Quadriga 1., driven by charioteer, holding reins in both hands and goad in r. Nike flying 1. and about to crown the horses. In exergue,pistrix 1.
Border of dots.
M.
The head on this hitherto unpublishedcoin has an almost masculineappearance, one quite unlike any and other of the very numerous varied representations and of a female headupon the coinsof Syracuse.
ABDEEA.
Rev. Linear quadripartitesquare,around which EPIP Y0 INN Eil. All in shallowsquare incuse. JR. 224-8grs. [PI. XIII. 1.]
274 This
2. Olv.-Griffin, with pointed wing, rearing I. Border of dots. Rev.-Male figure standing I., wearing chlamys over the shoulders,and holding a patera in his extended
r. hand, and a branch of laurel in the L Shallow
Obv.-Head of Hermes r., wearing petasos, with an encircling row of beads. Bev.-Groat walking r.; in front a naked child seatedand holding an ivy spray in his r. hand up to the mouth of the goat. AIN I. In square incuse.
JR. 244-9grs. [PL XHL S.] This tetradrachmhas already beenpublishedand figured
from the present coin by Mr. Seltmannin Zeitschrift fur Nwnism., xiv. p.'287. It belongs a periodbetween vol. to
that of the earlier and more frequent coins,which have the
275
Qlv,-Cow standing r., turning back her head, and scratching herself with the r. hind leg. A tern (the Seaswallow,SternaHirundo) is seatedon
her back. Beneath the dotted line of the exergue
is a itar. Border of dots.
Obv>-Mule standingr., on his back a crowpecking ab ano. Beneath, what lookslike anacorn,but may
be a bunch of grapes. In front, traces of letters.
Circle of dots.
M.
Thistetradrachmof the Euboic standardhas uponit the usual type of Mende,but the adjunct, which, on
276
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
its beaL ^ A V K. In square incuse. M. 41 grs. [PI.Xni. 6.] This coin is precisely similar, except in the legend, to a coin of Olynthus (British Museum Catalogue,Macedon, p. 87, Kb. 2,^.), on which the type of the mother state, Ghalcisin Eubcea,is presentedby the eagle and serpent, with the addition of the Macedonian horse. It might at first sight be attributed to Chalcis, though it appears to be scarcely likely that the parent state would imitate on its coinagea type used by its colony. It seems probable that it was struck by Olynthus as a memberof a confederation of the towns of Chalcidice,for the general purposes of such a body. It is true that there is no historical
evidence of such a confederation
Perdiccas II induced the towns
be of an earlier date than that. But it is possiblethat before then Olynthus mayhave enjoyed partial hegea
mony over the towns of the peninsula, of which this coin is at present the only record. It may, therefore, be regarded as having been struck at Olynthus for the use of an earlier Ghalcidian confederacy,in the sameway as the fine later coins with the head of Apollo and the lyre as a reverse type, with the legend XAAK1AEQN, were no doubt issued for federal currency, by the league of B.C.392, from the mint of Olynthus.
277
Obv.-Naked male figure, wearing kausia, and carrying two spearsheld horizontally but inclining downwards, standing to r. on the far side of a bridled horse.
Rev.-Shallow square incuse, divided by two crossing lines into four equal square compartments, filled
in with dots.
samepeople.
OBBESCIL
Obi).-Naked male figure, wearing kausia, standing to r. betweentwo oxen. His right hand is placed on the rump of the nearest ox, and his extended left hand holds a whip with two thongs. Ojfl 5135
KIO N. Border of dots.
type, where the man holds two spears. He here carriesa whip which has two thongs, similar to that held by the charioteer on the tetradrachm of Olynthus, the reverse of
278
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
the sametype, with someslight differences, that on as the largercoinsof the Bisaltse, and was probablyissued not long after Alexander added the silver mines once belonging that tribe to his kingdom. to The peculiarpointed terminations hanging belowthe horse, whicharerichly ornamented, bethe endsof the may chlamys, thoughthey scarcely seemto be consistent with that garment. They may as well be part of an article
of dress fastened round the waist and hanging down. The figure appears to wear trousers as well as boots,
though it is difficult to identifyprecisely with what covering the lower part of the bodyis clothed. The coin is of better workmanshipand shows an
advanceupon the art of its prototype, the similar octa-
2. Obv.-Horseman advancingr., wearing kausiaand chlamys, and carrying two spears, pointed downwards.
Plain border.
Rev.-Fore-part of goat, r., near leg bent. AAE within linear square,in a shallow squareincuse.
M. 202*3grs.
279
warrior standingalongside horse. It belongs, doubt, a no to the latter part of his reign, which lastedfrom B.C. 498
to B.C.454. Whatever may have been the types of the earlier issues of his money, it seemsprobable that those
coinswhich haveupon them a horseman, dismounted or mounted, belongto the periodafter he had conquered the
Bisaltaeand absorbedtheir country. In the collection of the late Mr. EL Montagu was a tetradrachm very similar to this, except that it had the
letter A under the horse, and no letters on the reverse.
Since the above accountwaswritten, a coin, apparently from the samedies as the present one, has beenpublished
by M. Babelon the Revue in Numismatique, among coins lately added the collectionof the Cabinetdes to Medailles,
Paris.
CYBENE.
1. Olv.-Silphium plant; in field, r., a silphium seed sprouting ; in field 1., the fore-part of a galloping horse. Rev.-Oblong incuse.
M.
This tetradrachm of the Euboic standard, which has lost someof its weight through oxidation and bad clean-
reversed position. What is the fore-part of a horse is described Miiller as the root of the silphium. The by horse-for it is certainlythat animaland not a gazelle1is found,either as a whole or in part, on other coinsof
Cyrene. 1 Mr. Headdoesnot agree with me on this point.
280
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
2. Obv.-Two seeds of silphium, placed on their side, one above the other. In field to r., the fore-part of a boar r.; in field to L, a silphium plant. Eev.-Incuse filled with thin raised lines, crossing each other, and indeterminate markings in relief.
M.
of higher,thoughnot normal,weight.
The boar occurs on other coins of the place. The reverseis very peculiar, and the markings almost suggesta representation of some form or other, but it is impossibleto resolvethem into anything definite.
3. Obv.-Head of Zens Ammon, bearded, to 1., wearing a
wreath
Plain
of laurel.
within
Behind
a circle
circle
of dots.
jfta;.-Silphium plant.
KYPA.
Circle of dots.
The presentcoin has the four commencing lettersof the nameof the magistrate 9ev<e/S^s, whose under authority a numberof coinsof variousdenominations, gold and in
silver, were struck.
UNCEBTAIN.
1. Olv-Lion's head and fore-paw r., mouth open and tongue protruding. Eev.-Square incuse, divided diagonally into four parts by two bars, one thicker than the other,- the spacesfilled in with irregular markings.
281
A similar lion's head and fore-paw occurs on the coins of Cnidus, but the standard is a different one. The standard in use for the present coin is the Babylonic
or Persic,one adoptedby the Pamphylian and Cilician towns,asAspendus, Celenderis, Nagidus,Soli, &c.
Mr. Head, Hist. Num., p. 489, under "Ionia," notices
a coin, 167grs., which has,together with the fore-partof a lion, a rough square incusefor the reverse; and in the samework, p. 523 note,writing about a coin, 165 grs., which has on the obversea lion's head and fore-pawL, and on the reverse large squareincuse,divideddiagona
ally by a broad band, says, "
There are certain archaic
statersof the Babylonicstandard, which may possiblybe the earliestcoinsof Onidus, but I do not insist upon the
attribution." It may be remarked that the earliest coins of Cnidus are of the -ffiginetic standard.
2. Ofiv.-Chimaera standing r.
Head, Num. Chron., N.S., vol. xv., PL X. 9, at that time classed provisionally to Zeleia, but which is of quite uncertain origin. The gorgoneion is of by no
282
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
M. 32-7grs. [PI. XIV. 8.] 4. Obv.-Female head adv., wearing earring with three
pendants. Plain circle. Rev.-Sphinx seated L, wearing polos, necklace, and earring.
M.
Two coins which, like the last, it is impossibleto attribute to any place, but which equally belong to towns
of Asia Minor.
probablyNagidos.
UNCEETAIN.
5. Obv.-Eagle to r., devouring serpent. Bev>- Two oblong incuses, one containing a wheel ? ; the other, head of ox (or stag ?).
283
XVI.
who,asit seems me, to have approached question the from the right side, M. J. P. Six andProf.Ridgeway.T are
In some respects what follows mayseem bemerely to an
285
account, although that sense may sometimes seemto be ratherclumsilyexpressed. 'A0. IIo\. c. 10. *Ei/ pev ovv TO?? vo/jioi? ravra So/re?
KOL ara6fj,tov r^v TOU KCU yo/ju'oyiaTos1 av^rjaw. err'ixeivov yap iyei/ero ra fjierpa teal nelgw Qe&wvei&v, 07 va rwv KCU p,
\_cr~\ra\_6fJL\ov e/SSoju^/rovra Spa^jua? TCU? eA-aroV. fjv 8' 6 ap%cuo? j(apaKrrjp Se KCU araBpa Trpos T[O] VQ\LIG\UJL pi/as TO TaXaj/TOV dyovcra^iced [at repelsp,vaLr!a (rrarypi KOI TO?? In the first place, it is quite clear that there wasa generalincrease the weights all round. Contrary as in this is to all our previous notions, the words camera
286
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
weight, i.e.) from 8*66 to 8*54 gnns., and the mina of the samesystem accordingly from 866 to 854 gnns. Thus
we have:
Talent. Weight in grammes. MiTia.. Wt. in gnns. Drachm. Wt. in gnns.
Pheidonian
36384 to 35880
606-4 to 598
6 -064 to 5-98
Solonian
51960 to 51240
866
to 854
8-66 to 8-54
lowered, mustunderstand \LVOLrefer to some we ^ to other minathanthe Pheidonian.Here the passage Androtion, of
to which we shall come later, has misled some critics into
supposing that v\pva was the Attic mina of 436'6 gnns., although this was not in use before Solon'stime. As the Pheidonian mina is the only one that can be meant here, and as that already weighed 100 (Pheidonian) drachms, it only remains to admit that the sensemust be: u The mina was increased until its drachm (or -j-J-gpart)
287
%&parxjp,ovy it is objected, a denomination value; the is of word'xapa/crfjp refers ratherto the typeimpressed the on
coin. The use of the word is certainly curious, but I think it maybe defended the light of the well-known in legendon the coin of the ThracianCotys. * The curious legendKOTYOC XAPAKTHP, 'the striking of Cotys/ findsits counterpart the early coinsreadingTOPTYon
NOZ TO PAIMA and ZEY0A KOMMA."4 These
words, which are explained by another legend of Seuthes (ZEY0A APfYPION), mean "struck coin/' pecmia cma. The writer of the 'Afl^j/otW IloXrreia uses
'XapoKT'fjp in opposition the mina, and wishes here to simplyto pointoutthat the largeststruckpiece not was
a tetradrachm, as in his own day, but a didrachm.5 That
weighed later; and the stater or didrachm had the weight of the tetradrachm later days. That weight of was, as we know, 17-46grms. The weight of the new
Solordan drachm, according to our calculation on the basis of the (not very accurately ascertained) Pheidonian drachm, was between 8*54 and 8*66 grms.; the
didrachm,therefore, between 17*08 and 17*32 grms. Thecorrespondencesufficientlyclose. "We is may observe in passing,that we maynow calculatebackwards from
* Head, Historia Numorum, p. 243. * If any emendation of the text were called for, o-Tarypfor
288
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
our new fixed point (mina of 873*2 grms.) to the Pheidonian mina (which works out at 611*24 grms.).
But to the evidence thus obtained must be added that
of certain archaic Attic weights, the quotation of which in this connectionis again due to M. Six.7 The style of the inscriptions on theseweights enables us to date them to about the period with which we are concerned. They
are :-
which is proved by thesetwo weights,is evidently the new Soloniandrachm, about equivalentin weightto the
later didrachm.
We now pass to the last stage of the description. " Solon also made (trade) weights, on the basis of the
coinage,on a scale in which the talent was equal in weightto three-and-sixty the (coinage) of minae. And
these (three extra) minae were spreadover the stater and
the other divisions."
289
KCU the ground that no one ever heard of a talent of on 63 minae. Curiously enough, the equally valid (or in-
Eidgewayhasexplained,8 of course is simply stating the weightof the trade-talentin terms of the coinage-mina, which, having calculated we alreadyknow. To omit it,
the words TpeisKCU would put into the writer's mouth a
grms.,9 obtainthe weight 55011-6 we grms. The weights in grammes the new scale ffraBfia are,therefore:of of
Normal cal(as culated on basis of later Attic Tnrnfl.)Fheidonian scale, ascertained. as
Highest. Lowest. _Calculated on basis of
Talent
55011-6
54558
53802
916*86
909-3
896-7
The weightfor the trade-minathus arrived at is again satisfactorily confirmed a series Attic weights, by of bear-
290
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
[at T] peis JJLVOLTW Kal orariypt a\\o aTaBfJiois meansclearlythat the proportional
parts of three minae were addedto the staters and smaller divisions in order to bring them up to the trade-standard. Thus if x be taken as the value of the Soloniancoin-mina, we obtain the following relations:
Talent. JJfi-no. Stater. Drachm.
Solonian
Coin-
60s
50
100
Talent.
Weight i
Highest.
Pheidonian
*A0, IIoX . . f . )
Pheidonian (a)
Solonian
51960
53256
51240
51195-6
866
Monetary
Extant Weights
887-60
52380
87
/ Pheidonian (a)
, , , .
54558
53802
909-3
55494 5298192455011-6
91
292
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
larger drachms. The majority of writers, both ancient and modern, are however agreed that the relief of the debtors took the form of simply writing off their debts
by Solon. His calculations nonethe lessvaluableas are enablingus to fix approximately weight of the prethe
Solonian mina.
that Hippias called in the Athenian coinage,and then instead issuing,as was expected, different 'xapaKTYjp, of a gavethe AtheniansbackTO OUTO apyvpiov. The change introducedby Hippiaswas merelyone of nomenclature,
but it was at the same time a changewhich meant that
XVII.
CARTIMANDUA.
(See PlateXV.) ON November 7th, 1893, a small find of coins and anti-
acrosscountry from Slack* CastleHill is said to have been occupied the British before the Romans,and by
Slack is the most probable of the many places which have
been identified with the ancient Cambodunum.
terest, I am able to give a detailed account of all the objects found. They were : -
length. It wasoriginally, doubtless, quitelarge enough to accommodate the articlesfollowing. all II. A small bronze with hinged lid (PL xv. 7-9), box of a well-known type, but the use of which doesnot
VOL. XVII THIRD SERIES. Q Q
294
KTJMISMATICCHRONICLE.
seem to he absolutely certain. A number may he seen in the British Museum (" Anglo-Roman " Room, TableCaseB, and Bronze Room,Table-Case D). Illustrations of
lande, (1850), iv., Nos.2,2a, 2b. These xv. PL boxes of are Tarious shapes, square, oval,lozenge-shaped, heart-shaped,
or rather bellows-shaped, and, like the present specimen, circular. Most of them are pierced at the bottom
with three circular holes, and in the side with two
CARTIMANDUA.
295
One view as to the use of these boxes is that they were meant to contain perfumes.2 If so, it is difficult to see
which were fastened by a cord lying along a groove in the outer face of the tablet, the seals being placed in a row in this groove, so as to keep down the cord.3 We have rather to imagine clay or wax sealssimilar to the Byzantine leadenbullae. On the whole, the absence literary evidenceas to the of use of hanging seals at this period, the small average size of the boxes,their various shapes, and the existenceof the three holes in the bottom, reminding one of the modern vinaigrette, make it not improbable that the old-fashioned
296
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
peculiar to this specimen. The conditionof the box is not quiteso goodas the photograph(executed from Mr.
Anderson's drawings) might lead one to suppose; hut no unjustifiable restoration has been made. III. A bronze fibula (PL xv. 6) of the usual type of the first century AJX, still retaining the ring to which the chain was attached. For the method of wearing these fibulae,and the developmentof their form in Britain, see A. J. Evans, On Two Fibula of Celtic Fabric from Aesica,
of the type of the large rings from PoldenHill, Somersetshire (Archceologia, xiv., PL xxi., No. 5). These rings wereprobably sewnon to a strap or garment, a loopcomingover the shorter part of the circumference
contained between the two projections, and keeping the
ring in position. The larger rings of this sort were probablyused horse-trappings. for
V. Eighteen Roman coins, as follows :(A). SILVEB DENABII.
Babelon. Date, abont
II. . ' I. . IL . H.
B.C.209 119
119 104
(2 specimens)
Q. Minucius Thennus . . L. Appuleius Satnrninus (in fabric ; symbol, torch ; P. Crepusius II. 235, No. 19 90 90
84
84
79
50 44-42
Nero(SALVS) .
CARTIMANDUA.
297
(A.D. 71.)
(A.D.72 or 73.)
Cohen,No. 508.
VI. The five British coinsare all of the samescyphate fabric; the obverse (convex side) bears the legend
VOLISIOS in two rows, marked by three parallel lines.
Outside these lines are traces of the wreath-ornament
Rev. [D]VM above W in front ; tracesof OV? below. ; Wt. 8-2 grs. (-581grms.). [PL xv. L]
298
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
3 Olv. VOHI]
Rev. D VM above; obliteratedletter in front ; O \E below.
Wt. 8-0 grs. ('518 grms.). [PL xv. 4.] 5. Ofo. VOHI]
yior
-Sw. CART above; I in front; [O]\ below. Wt. 8-3 grs. (-537grms.). [PL xv. 5.] As might be expectedfrom the place where these coins were found, which is in the district of the Brigantes, they belong to this tribe. Hitherto, however, none
find any names upon these coins which can in any way be identified with those of Cartismanduaor Venusius, and as the Roman coins found with the British are, as far as we know, of no later date than A.D. 40, it seemsprobable that the coinage of the Brigantes had ceased before A.D. 50, in which year Ostorius put down an insurrection among them." Now, however, the date of the deposit of the hoard (after, but not long after, A.D. 72 or 73), and
CARTIMANDUA.
299
gold coins), and that of the reverses Nos. 1-4, it can of only be saidthat thesemust await their explanationin company with the legends previouslyknown. The DVM,
DVMN, DVMNOCO, DVMNOVE of the new coins are
clearly the same word or wordsas thoseon the coinsengravedin Evans, xvii., Nos. 1 ff. The way in which PL the monogrammatic writing of VE persiststhrough all
varieties is noticeable. The fact that while some coins
readDVM1TOVEEO[S] othershaveDVMNOCOVEEOS
seemsto show that a new word begins with the letter V. One is tempted to suggest Venutius or even Vellocatus,
but the forms VEP and VEEOS forbid this.
The history of Cartimandua is well known, but now that she is representedby a coin it may be of interest to recall the main facts of her romantic career. This queen
enjoyeda positionof great power,which wasduepartly to her noble birth and her character, but partly also to the favour in which shewasheld by the Eomans. Her husbandVenutius seems have occupieda decidedly to subordinate position. Cartimandua first appearson the
scenein A.D. 51, when she treacherouslyhanded over to the Eomans the defeatedCaratacus,who had fled to her
for refuge.5 She waswell rewarded her friends,and, by corruptedstill further by the wealth and luxury which
123.
300
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
openly married this man, and elevated him to the throne. Her audacity raised a storm. Venutius, to whose naturally warlike spirit and hatred of the Roman name a more
quentto 73 A.D. the fact that the four coinsof Vespaby sian are only slightly worn,although they have suffered considerably from corrosion. The British coins are in
fresh condition, and cannot have been in circulation very
7 Tac. Agric. 17. 8 Tac. Agric. 31, and the commentatorson the passage.
CARTIMAOTHJA.
301
the British warsagainstFrontinusor Agricola. The republican denarii are naturally in very poor condition.
A minor interest of the hoard is that it bears out, while
extendingtheir application,the words of Tacitus9 regarding the Germans: "pecuniam probant veteremet
diu notam, serratosbigatosque."
tributing the coinsof the classin questionto the Brigantes. " The coins seemto be confined to the southern and
south-eastern of Yorkshire,andI am not aware any part of having been found farther north than Pickering,whichis about eighteenmilesS.S.W. of Whitby. The coins, moreover,seem occurquite as frequently in Lincolnshire as in to Yorkshire." The southern limit of the Brigantes must be set,as Mr. Haverfield kindly informs me, south of Leeds and Huddersfield (see CorpusInscr. Lot. VII., 200, 203),
and possibly well south of that line, if theinscribedpig of lead(C. /. Z., VIL, 1207)is of Derbyshire origin. Of
their territory, the southern was the more important part, the northern uncivilized, and> perhaps, half unin-
XYIIL
ON THE MINT OF BARNSTAPLE.
of hitherto
uncertain which
of BERDEST.
The coin
Edward the Confessor'spennies,a well-struck piece on which there is no blunder. The coin is of the type
pellet in centre. The type is one of the commonest, if not the commonest,of Edward the Confessor's
coinage. The piece I saw someyears ago was in the possession a gentleman of whosemother, he believed, had obtained in Devonshire;so possibly might have it it been found in that county. The late Mr. Montaguhad a piece the same of description. The reverse inscriptionon both was^ELFEIEONBEEDEST. Rudinggivesthe name,
but wasunable to attribute it to any place,and since then
303
the placeasBerdenestapla.In Lyson'sMagnaBritannia there is a short accountof the town. King Athelstan
took considerableinterest in the place and in the monas-
tery connected it, and it seems have beena fairly with to flourishingtown. King Henry I. is said to haveincorporatedit. It is hardly necessary gointo the subsequent to history of the town,my objectbeingto showthat Berdest
meansBarnstaple, and that the reference in the piperolls is to that town in Devonshire. This is shownby the mention of Braunton. the coins themselves But I think will a careful consideration of show that the Devonshire town
Byver, Berdenes, shortly or completelyepoking I think for as Abernesse. Staple is anaddition for a Market.1' It may also
be noted that Berwick is similarly abbreviated from Aberwick
304
NUMISMATIC CHKONICLE.
I must also take notice of those coins reading BAED, BETTED, BEAE, BAEDI, &c., all of which have previously been attributed to Bardney, in Lincolnshire.
, > , , ,
M0
D
A A
Bl
BIEHSGE
BYEHSIE BYEHSIM
EAEI
ON BEAEDAI M-O'BAED
?
Bl Bl B2 B2 C 0 C Od D
E
">
D E
A 0 Cnut.
HVNIA
HYNIEA PVLl'M^EE
BAEDA
ON BAEDAN MO BEAE
0
ON
H
BAED
BEAE
BEA
<*
E Ei E Harold I.
Hildebrand,type B
Harthacnut. None,
ONN BEA
305
Hildebrand, type A
a William.
JELFEIE
SEPOED SEPOED
ON BEAED
BEEDEST
ON BAED
BAEDI
Henry I.
265 OTEE
BEED(E)STA
spelling. Omit accounts three moneyers, for and each of the other kings for one. The coinswith a letter S
in the mint-name cannot possibly be attributed to Bardney, old name which was" Berdeniga." 3 We the for
Barnstaple moneyers. Ata seems only to havestruck at one place,so that we may considerall his coins as of
Barnstaple., -ZElfric, in the Confessor's time, struck
south-west district of England. As we place BEBDEST to Barnstaple, seems it reasonable placeBEAED the to by
Beardenie, &c.
3 It wasalsovariously speltBardanig,Bardanie,Beardssnig,
306
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
samemoneyerto the same place. Oter, in the time of the Williams, wasa Dorchestermoneyer. We must now passto moneyerswho did not place S in
the mint-name. The first is JEthelred's jELfelm. He
spells his mint BEAEDA. He coined at Ilchester, Winchelcombe and Winchester. BEAEDA,therefore,would (?), be more satisfactorily placed to Barnstaple than to Bard-
ney. Thesecond moneyer, who spellsthe nampBEAEDA, is Byrhsige. He, like -ffilfelm, only struck at placesin the west and south-westof England, if Londonbeleft
out; and I think we may do this, as London then, as now, must have contained pretty well all the provincial
names. At any rate, Byrhsige did not strike at any northerntown. Besides spellinghis mint as BEAEDA, he
uses many other variations, both under .JSthelred and
JEIfgar, and also the William moneyer, Sepord, Hunia, and Hunica only struck at the oneplace, BAED
or BAEDA; but a moneyer named Hunna struck at Malmesbury. If, therefore, we had to choose between
ever, is very near Bardney. Coins with the name of JElfsige mayhave beenstruck at both mints. -3Slfgar,
however, is not credited with any mintage in the north
307
set-offagainst these,wehaveWareham. In JEthelred's reign,however, whereno coins BAUDare knownby this of moneyer, find him striking in Aylesbury, if 2EELS we
stands for this place; also at Stamford, Lewes, Winchelcombe,Winchester, Tamworth, Wareham, and London.
England. Oter wasthe Dorchester moneyer, and struck "Paxs" coins for William. In Henry I.'s reign the coin of BEBDESTA, another type of Hawkins, 255, and
Bardney,unless admit the two moneyers, we -331fgar and JElfsigeas havingcoined both places, unlikely proat an ceeding. I do not know why Bardneywas chosen a as
mint town, unless it was due to the similarity of the
names. We should often be in error, and I suspect frequentlyarein this connection. That GEANT does * not
refer to Grrantham, but to Cambridge, we do know; but if a careful survey were made of the moneyersand mints
308
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
at which they struck,as given in Hildebrand and the MziseumCatakgue, might find some very curions we
attributions. I believe-we should, as a rule, be much
with their mints. These men seemonly to have been concerned striking the coin, and it is probablethat in
the mints were situated in the towns referred to on the
coins. The moneyers would thereforebe more or less resident, and it is quitelikely, or morethan likely, that well-known local men would be chosen theseposts. for
Such men as YLF, at Lincoln ; OVDGRIM,at York; and AIMER or ITLAIMEE, of London, were local men work-
moneyer the same of nameand date would in all probability be the sameman, whereasit is very unlikely that
the same individual would have struck coins at Lincoln
staple, not Bardney, the placeof mintage all the and was of
coins reading BAH to BEEDESTA, and that the moneyers
whostruck at this placewerenot the same men whowere minting at the same time in northernand easterntowns,
but men with a common name. L. A. LAWRENCE.
SINCE compilingthe descriptionof Medalsof Centenarians for the Numismatic Chronicle, 1895 (p. 301), the
following additionalones havecometo my notice. They form by no means leastinterestingof the series, the and specimens eachof them arein my own collection. of
BEBNAED LE BOVIER DB FONTENELLE, 1730. IA. Obv.- BEEM DE FONTENELLE. DEir DE L'ACAD.
Signed below, S.
M1NEEYE L'ONT
310
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
and lookedon their burdens [Exodus,chap.2, " verse 11]. **Andthey that be wise shallshine
as the brightness of the firmament; and they that turn many to righteousness,as the stars for
ever and ever " the ribbon which
[Daniel, chap.12,verse3]. On
binds the wreath are the follow-
Jerusa-
lem," " Damascus 5600[= A.D. 1840]," " Russia, 5606 [= AJX 1846]," " Rome, 5618[= A.D. 1858]," and " Morocco,5624[= A.D.1864].
Diameter 2*7 inches; struck; -ZE. By the Belgian Medallist, CharlesWiener; who worked in London from 1862 to 1865.
The dates after the namesof places on the reverse of this medal are thoseof the years when Sir MosesMonte-
battle of Waterloo.
MEDALS OF CENTENARIANS.
311
delicate for a soldier's life, but owing to the needfor more soldiers,he was enrolled for military service,at
eighteen yearsof age,25th November, 1812 (105th regimentof the line). After Waterloo,he waskept
for a short time prisoner at Plymouth, and when he came back received his discharge on account of
(supposed) phthisis of the second degree(discharge signed at Auxerre, 5th November,1816). He is nowliving at Carisey, small town not far from his a birthplace, likewisein the Department Tonne. and of
Like other veterans, he obtained the St. Helena
medal when it was issuedby Napoleon III. (in 1858), and on 29th February, 1896 when nearly 103 years
of age,wasdecorated the President the French by of Republicwith the Gross the Legion of Honour. of Thefollowingmedalis by M. Paul Beville, a pupil
of the sculptor Chapu. . BAILLOT .N . A . PERCEY. YONNE
. LE . 9 . AVKEL . 1793. Profile head with
clothed neck to r. Behind the neck is represented the St. Helena medal. Signed on the
truncation, PAULBEVILLE.
Rev.- Engraved inscription :- "Vioom BAILLOTdernier survivant de Waterloo, d^core de la Legion
d'Honneur le 29 Fevrier 1896.PABIS 5 OOTO-
BEE1896,
PAUL BEVILLE."
312
NUMISMATIC CHKONICLE.
excellent player on the violoncello, and on October 7th, 1811, when he entered on his 102nd year, he was entertained at a dinner by the Freemasons,at the Freemasons' Lodge, Scarborough. On this occasion he took part in a quartette, playing on the
violoncellothe bassof a minuet he had composed someyearsbefore; the other instrumentalparts of whichwerewritten for the occasion the composer by W. Shield. Mr. Grahamwas not awarethat any
medal of Johnson existed.
Obv.-ME.
BARTHOLOMEW
JOHNSON
. AGED
103.
His bust three-quarters facing to 1. He wears small wig and ordinary clothes. Below, in
smaller
BOEOUGH.
letters
:-TO
Eev.-HE
LIKE AGAIN.
and oak.
MEDALS OF CENTENARIANS.
313
The British Museum likewise possesses example, an similar but in copper bronzed. These medalswere probably struck, after his death in 1814, by one of the better
XX. ATTRIBUTION
AND
ALEXANDEB
POSSIBLY ALESSANDBO
a predecessor Cavinoat Padua. It is my intention of to showthat the three following pieces my collection In
are the work of a medallist, employedby Pope Paul III., possibly Alessandro Cesati,called II Grrechetto,
Legend,
MEDALSOF PRIAM, AUGUSTUS, AND ALEXANDER. 315 fteVt-View of an ancient fortified town, with galleys in
front of it. Above is the word TPOIA, and
Biam. : 1'35 inches ; cast in pale bronze. Obv.-Head of Augustus to right, with draped shoulders. Legend, OCTAYIVS CAESAE.
adorned with friezes. Shesupportsan upright sceptrewith her left hand. The right arm
rests on the back of her chair, and her head on her right hand. To her left, in front, is a flaming altar, ornamented with reliefs. Near the altar is a torch. Legend, SEGVEITAS
POPVLI EOMANI.
EOMA.
In the exergue,ALMA
3.
Olv.-Helmeted
head
of
Alexander
the
Great
to left.
Legend, AAEHANAPOZ-AlVOZ. ~Rev.-Alexander seated to right, with a captive at his feet, on a triumphal car drawn by four elephants
316
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
victory, &c.
AAflOEtZA.
In the
exergue, PEP3E13E
My two main reasons for attributing these pieces to Grrechetto, at least to a medallist of Pope Paul III, or are the following: (a] The reverse of No. 2 is almost identical with that of two medals of Pope Paul III, described by A. Armand (Les M&dailleurs Italiens, 2nd edition, vol. i., p. 172, No. 8, and vol. iL, p. 168, No. 21), one of which is attributed by Oicognarato Grrechetto (b) : the reverse of No. 1 has a view of a city (Troy), which
recalls the views of Rome and of Tusculum on medals of
Pope Paul III. (Armand, op. cit.y vol. ii, p. 168, Nos. 17 & 19.) That with the view of Home is attributed to Grechetto by Mr. C. F. Keary in his Guide to theItalian Medals, exhibited in the British Museum (1st edition, p. 40, No. 94).
In favour of my attribution of No. 3 there is lessto be said,but the arrangement the exergue of legendon the
reverse and the ornamentation of the triumphal car and
arch remind me very muchof the work on the reverse of No. 2. A small point is that the figure of Alexanderon tbe triumphal car resembles- figure of Alexanderon the
by Vasari. On seeingGrechetto's signed medalof Pope Paul III, a specimen which is described Mr. 0. F. of by
Keary1 in the Brit. Mus. Guide to the Italian Medals,
possiblethat a better work could be seen. It is possible that these medalsof Priam, &c., may have been executed by Grechettofor Pope Paul III.
P. PARKES WEBER.
VOL. XVII.
THIRD
SERIES.
T T
MISCELLANEA.
MOSSOP.-To Dr.
W, Frazer's three medals (describedby him in the Num. Chron.,1897,p. 90) I can add the descnption two others of from specimens my own collection. in
1. Obv.-LOmS XYI . ET M . ANTOINETTE . ROI,
ET . REINE . DE . Ff. Busts of the King and Queen jugate to r. Signature in small letters
below, W.M.F.
Rev.-King Louis XYI taking leaveof his family. Inscription above,THE LAST INTEEYIEW A A In exergue, JAN , 20 . 1798. Diameter, 1-5 inches ; struck; white metal.
2. Olv.-LOUIS A XYI A EOI A DE A FEANCE.
The King's bust with bare head in profile to L ; the hair is less flowing than on Mossop's
Frenchroyalist medalsby Mossop of extremerarity. His as third medal(that of the Dauphin)was evidentlysold with a
MISCELLANEA.
319
printed explanation of the legends, one of which accompanies the white metal specimen in my own collection. Following is
a copy:"EXPLANATION. OBVEBSE.
Louis
XVII.
Eoi de France.
Louis XVIL
King of France.
REVERSE.
of generaland absorbing interest, and occurred at a time when cheapmedalets still, to some extent, occupied the place now possess examplein white metal of Dr. Frazer's first medal, an that of Louis XYI, copied by Mossop from Loos' original. The French royalist medalsof the time were naturally mostly issued in foreign countries. I need only refer to the wellknown ones by Kuchler from the Soho Mint at Birmingham, and the equally well-known medalets by Loos and by Stierle
issued in Berlin. F. PARSES WEBER.
AND WIFE, BARBARA.BY W. MOSSOP.-Thisplaster impresHIS sion of a Medallion, one of "W. Mossop's best works, represents
"Arabian Filly"
Her husband,after
whom Beresford Place, in Dublin, is named, was second son of the Earl of Tyrone. He represented Waterford in the Irish
Parliament forty-four years,and diedin 1805. During the for greaterpart of that time he was practicallyRuler of the King-
320
NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE.
and I possess lovely mezzotintportrait of her,taken after a a paintingby Bomney, which wasengravedin the year 1788by
John Jones. This is a fine
Periodical Literature," Vol. H., p. 209. There is a bronze impressionof this medallion in the Collection of the Eoyal Irish Academy, the only example known to me.
From this or from the originalsilver one,a sealing-wax impression was probably made, and the plaster cast taken from it, for it has sometraces remaining of the wax, as it reachedmy cabinet with several other works of Mossop and of his sons.
I consider was made him for his own use. The die has it by
been lost or destroyed, hence the plaster cast has special
interest. W. FKAZER.
INDEX.
Barnataple, the mint of, 302
Abdera, of,273 coins Aberystwith shillings, 152 Aelfwald coins 137 I, of, n, 140 Aelius Caesar, of, coin 59 Aemiliamis, coin of, 85 Aenus, of,274 coin
Aes tignatum, 95 Aethelred I, coin of, 248 , coin of, 120
Beresford,his wife,John, Rt.IHon. 319 medallion of, and Bisaltae, of,277 coin BOYD, 0., Esq., findof RoW. a manDenarii nearCambridge, 119 Brigantes,Ancient, 293 coins the, of 293 British corns,
British Museum,coins acquired by
the,box Bronze93 (Roman), 293 Bronze rings, late-Celtic, 296 Burgred, of,248 coins Bury St. Edmunds, struck coins
at, 243
C.
Alexander Great, the coins Side, of Alexander Great, of, 101 the coin medal 314 of, Alexander Pherae, of, 104 of coin Alexander Zebina, of, 115 coin Alexandria, Egrypt, of,117 coin Amphipolis, of,99 coin Antiochus coins 211 in, of, Ajitioch.ua Enpator, of,213 coins Antonia family,coins 36 of, Antoninus coins 59 Pius, of, Aqnilia of Gappadocia, Severa, of,123_ of, coins coins Archelans
115
Caligula, of, 43 coin Camariiia, of,24 coin Cambridge, found denarii near, 119 Canterbury, struck 239 coins at, Caracalla, of, 72,121 coins Cartimandua, of,293 coin Caulonia, of, 98 coin Centenarians, of, 309 medals Cesati, Alessandro, medallist, 314 Chalcidice, of,100 coin Charles coins 150, I, of, 165
local mints of, 154, 166 IE, coins of, 168 II, coins of, 132
180
Augustus, of,40 coins medal 314 of, Aurelianue, of, 129 coins Amelias, of,61,132 coins
B.
Clerk, Major-General G.,CataM. logueof the Coins the Achaean of League, noticed, 246 Cnut, coins 304 of, Commodus, of, 57 coins Constantinopolis, of, 133 coins
ConstantinusI, coins of, 132 n, coins of, 129
Bahrfeldt,M.t Coinage the Eoof man Republic, noticed, 245 Baillot,LouisVictor, medal 311 of, Bardney, mint of, 302 the
Constantins Gallus, coins 129 of, Coorg, medalof, 249 Cornelia family, coinof, 38 CotysII, of Bosporus, of, MS coin
INDEX. G.
GAKDNEB, WILLOTJGHBY :-
Gyrene, of,220, coins 279 Galba, of,44 coins Cyzicus, of,112, coins 253-258 Gallienus, of,86, coins 132
Decentius, of, 130 coins Demos, on coins Bhegium, the, of Diadumenianus, of, 76 coin Dicaea, of, 22,275 coin Didius Julianus, of,68 coin Diocletianus, coins of, 132 Domitia, of,55 coin
Domitian, coins of, 53
173
Gela,coinof, 98,272
Greta, of, 76,122 coins Globular marks coins, 11,16 on 1, Golgoi,IIL coins of, 82, 125, 252 coins 206 of, Gordian GBANTLBT, F S-A. LORD, :ofA.D. 758-808, 134
Eanbald andII, coins 138 I of, 253 Edwardthe Confessor, of, GEBEITWTLL, F.B S :coins CANON, 305 Onsome Greekcoins,253 rare Edward coins 147, VI, of, 162 GRUBBER, F.S.A.:H. A., Elagabalus, of,78,122, coins 252 A Find of coins EastWorat Eleutherna, of, 111 coin lington, 145 A Find of coins at Crediton, 159
Elis, coins of, 106
H.
bridge, 251
,,
ni, 235 Heraclea (Lucania), coin of, 97 Hierapytna, Crete, coin attributed
to, 31
Crediton, 159
East Worlington,
145
Honley,
near
127 Fontenelle, Bernard le Bovier de, FEAZBR, W. :BR. Three rare medals* W. Mosby
Medallion
I. Itanus, coin of, 112 James I, coins of, 149, 164 John, coins of, 235, 249
311
J.
Hon.
John
INDEX. Julia Julia Julia Julia Julia Julia Julia family, coin of, 39 Domna, coin of, 72, 121 Maesa,coins of, 123 Mamaea,coins of, 124, 252 Paula, com of, 123 Soaemias, coin of, 123 and Titus, coin of, 52
S23
K.
Kroton, see Croton.
L.
Milesian standard, coins of the, 266 Miletus, coin of, 260 Minton's Numismatic Biography noticed, 246 Miscellanea, 90, 248, 318 MONTAGU, F.S.A., the late :H., *' Rare and unpublished Roman 35 Montefiore, Sir Moses, medal of,
310
GoldCoins my Collection," in
Crete hitherto wrongly attributed," 31 Lampsacus,of,258 coin LATCHMOBE, F.:Saxon found Hitchin, coins near 248 Late-Celtic rings, bronze 296 Laus(Lucania), of,97 com LAWRENCE, William I and L. A.:On some coins of
On a hoard of short-cross pennies, 235
Nabis, of,107 coin Nero, coins 296, of, 297 Nero Agrippina, of,44 and coin Nerva, coins of, 56, 132 Nicopolis, of, 104 coin Northampton, struck 242 coins at, NorthHumbnan coinage A.D. of 758-808, 134 Norwich, struck 242 coins at,
O.
Octa-nus, coin of, 40
II, 226
302
On the mint
of Barnstaple,
n-A, coin reading, 30 PantLcapaeum, coin of, 103 Parthia, of, 116 coin
PEARSB,G. G. "-
Magas of Cyrene,corns of, 220 Magnentius, coin of, 129 Magnates,coin of, 103 Mallus, coin of, 21
Marie Antoinette, coin of, 131 medals of, 91,
Unpublished Coorg Medal, 249 Pescennius Niger, com of, 68 Petronia, family coins of, 39 Philip the Elder, cornsof, 82, 125,
252
of
Philip H, coins of, 126 Philip and Mary, coins of, 160,
162
Marcus Aurelius, coins of, 61, 132 Maximinus I, coins of, 124, 132 Media, regal coins of, 217 Mende, coin of, 275 Messanaand Croton, coin of, 13 Metapontunij coin of, 270
Phocaea, coins of, 259 Phocaic standard, coins of the. 262 Phocis, coin of, 105 Priam, medal of, 314 Probus, coins of, 129
324 B.
Bhegium, coinsof, 173 Bichard I, coins of, 235 Boman family coins found with
those of the Brigantes, 296
SaUustia Barbia Orbiana, of, coin 124 Saloninus, of,89 coins Sardes, of, 190 eoins
Valentmian coinof,133 II, Valerian, of, 86 coins Venutius, history 298 the of, Verus, coins 64 of,
coinsHimera, of 1 Vitellius, Lucius, of,46 coin VOLISIOS, the legend, 297 mos"on coins Bhegium,Volusianus, of,14 of coins 173
W.
Severus Alexander, of, 78, WEBER, centenarians, :coins F.PABXES, 30 M.D. Medals of
123, 252
Short-crosspennies,235
Attribution
of Medals
of I
Silver of EnNasir, coin 250 Weights, Attic, 284 Solon'sReform the Attic Stan- WHTMPEE, :of E. dard, 284 DiscoveryBoman < of coins snnimit of the Theodule
Syracuse,coins of, 99, 273
T. 127
Tarentnm, coins 18, 96,270 of, Tenedos, of, 113 coin Terina,com 98 of, Tenaessos, of, 26 coins
Y,
JVum.aren.Ser://!.
M.M/.fU.
/R
O I N O A N DA
/E
/E
TERM
ESSOS
MINOR
TERMESSOS
MAJOR
OR
MINOR
10
TERMESSOS
MAJOR
.IM.PLII.
ROMAN MONTAGU
GOLD
COINS
COLLECTION.
,. Ser.ffl. Vol.XVH.PUV.
NORTH-HUMBRIAN
COINAGE
A. D.758-808.
Jfum,.Own,. Ser.ffl.JblJfflJZ.
WII.
COINS
OF
RHEGFUM.
COINS
OF
HAROLD
II & WILLIAM
I & II.
,. Ser.HI.
El
El
El
10
El
El
El
El
y;.,%.,
1*
15
El
20
21
El
22
23
El
El
24
25
26
27
El
FROM THE
El
GREENWELL
EL
COLLECTION.
El
FROM THE
GREENWELL
COLLECTION.
FROM
THE
GREENWELL
COLLECTION.
^um..Ckron,. Ser/JJ,VoL.Wll.PLIIV.
/R
/R
COLLECTION.
"QNtd
A31N10H
JET
PBOCEEDIFGS
OF
THE
NUMISMATIC
SOCIETY.
SESSION
1896-1897.
BIB JOHN EVANS, K.C.B., D.G.L., LL.D., SeJX, Treas.E.S., Y.P.S.A., F.G.S., President, In the Chair.
table :-
3. Un Denier inedit de Pepin le bref. By the Vicomte B. de Jonghe. From the Author.
7. Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland. 8. Umberto Rossi. In memoriam. By S. Ambrosoli. From
the Author,
'
"ti
'
'
".
'
"
.,
'"
".
PROCEEDINGS OF THE
10. Annnaire de la Societe francaise de Numismatique. May-August, 1896. 11. Eivista Italiana di Numismatica. Part II, 1896.
12. Jahrbucher Rheinlande. des Vereins von Alterthumsfreunden im Part XCIX.
Madras Government
14. Bulletin historique de la Societe des Antiquaires de la Morinie. Parts CLXXVII-CLXXVin, and Memoires, Tome
xxiii. 15. Viand 16. Journal VEL Monatsblatt der nmnismatischen Gesellschaft in Wien. of the Institute of Bankers. VoL xvii. Parts
and 2, 1896. 18. Yetulonia. By G. Sordini. From the Author. 19. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of London.
Volxvi. No.l
Vol. xvi.
Part I.
21. Archaeologia Aeliana. Part XLVHL 22. Bulletins de la Societedes Antiquaires de 1'Quest. Parti,
1896.
25. Proceedings the Royal Irish Academy. Vol. iii, No. of 5, and Transactions. Vol. xxx. Parts XVIII-XX. 26. La Gazette Numismatique. No. 1. Mr. H. W. Thorburn was elected and Col. W. J. Masseyand Mr. EL Thompson were proposed as members. The Presidentexhibited a castof a rare bronze coinof Yerulam, of the type of Evans, " Coins of the Ancient Britons," SuppL, pi. xxi. 7, of the time of Tasciovanus,lately picked up on the seashoreat Ostend, and now in the Royal Cabinet of Medals
at Brussels.
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY.
Anglia, with ANG in monogram on- the obverse,and of Henry L (type as Hawkins 266) reading THVBED ON
LVNDONE.
Dr. Codringtonexhibited dollar of the Mahdi,Muhammad a Ahmad, struck in 1884, and three silver coins of Sayid
Abdullah, the Khalif of the Mahdi, struck between 1886 and 1890 at Omdurman. The first dollars struck by the Mahdi contained, accordingto Slatin Pasha,sevenparts of silver to one of copper, whereasthe last dollar coined by the Khalif about
frequentlymet with on archaicdrachms Himera of .ZEginetic of weight,and which SignerGabricihasrecentlyinterpretedas 5 Litrse,Mr. Seltmann thoughtbore an entirelydifferent meaning. He proposed read them as the initial letters of the word to Avrpovsignifying a price paid, or expiatory offering. (See
'Num. Chron., vol. xvii, p. 1).
Dr. B. V. Head concurredwith Mr. Seltmannin rejecting (mainlyon metrological grounds) Gabrici's explanation, Sir and J. Evanspointed the chief objectionsto the acceptance out of'
Mr. Seltmann's hypothesis.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE
3. Journal of the Koyal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland. 4. Bulletin de la Societe des Antiquaires de 1'Ouest. Part in, 1896. 5. Un Esterlin au type anglais frappe par Renard de Schonau
6. Monatsblatt
No. 159.
der Numismatischen
Gesellschaft
in Wien.
QueenVictoria and Prince Albert to Paris in 1855. Mr. G. F. Hill read a paper *' On Oinoanda, a New Greek Mint," describing a unique silver stater of about B.G.200, bearing the head of Zeus with a sceptre on the obverse and an eagle on a thunderbolt on the reverse. On the evidenceof this coin a seriesof bronze pieces, formerly attributed to Termessos
NUMISMATIC
SOCIETY.
DECEMBEE17, 1896.
0. CODEINGTON, MJX, Treasurer, in the Chair. ESQ., The following presents were announced and laid upon the
table:-
Yol. xvii.
Gesellschaft
Part IS.
in Wien.
3. Bulletin de Numismatique. November, 1896. Nos. 160, 161. 5. Illustrations of tin coins current in some Malay States.
From the Colonial Office.
Mr. G-. B. Bleazby, Mr. A. L. Stride, and Kumvar Kushal Pal Sinha, Eais of Kotla, were elected Members. Mr. E. A. Hoblyn exhibited a Wolsey.groat of the second coinage of Henry VIII, with the cardinal's hat, but without
the initials *' T. W.'*; and alsoa groatof fine silver of Mary,
countermarkedwith a portcullis.
chester, and from their types show an interchangeof dies. From this circumstance, also on accountof certainpecuand
liarities as to spelling of the moneyers' names, Mr. Lawrence
PROCEEDINGS
OF
THE
JANTJABY 1897. 21, SIB JOHN EVANS, K.C.B., President, in the Chair. The following presents were announced and laid upon the
table :-
of Bankers.
Vol. xviiL
Part I.
2, Annuaire de la Societefrancaise de Numismatique. Nov.Dec., 1896. 3. Bevue beige de Numismatique. Part I, 1897. 4. Bevue Numismatique. Part IV, 1896. 5, Proceedingsof the Society of Antiquaries of London. 6. Supplementto Thomas's Pathan Kings of Delhi. Part VI. By 0. J. Bodgers. From the Author. Mr. B. Day, F.S.A., was elected a Member. The Bev. B. Baron von Hube exhibited two gold and one silver British coins attributed to the Bemi and the Iceni, and also a two-third ryal of Mary, Queenof Scots, dated 1567, and
counterstruck with a thistle.
NUMISMATIC
SOCIETY.
in France." Thoughthe coins presentedno new varieties, exceptone,struck at Canterbury,bearingthe moneyer's name, " ROBERT yet the hoard wasof considerable vi," importance, as it conformed everyrespectto the classification the coins in of of thosereignswhich had been proposedin 1865 by Sir John
Evans. SeeNum. Chron., vol. xvii., p. 245. Mr. G-rueber read a paper on the recent find of coins made at Crediton, in Devonshire. The coins, which were found in the
shillings,and sixpences James I and Charles and similar of I, coins, including some crownsof Charles II. The coinswere
all much worn, except quite the later pieces, and presented
no new varieties of those described in Hawkins's " Silver
FEBRUARY18, 1897.
PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
4. StavangerDomkirke.
5. Kivista italiana
By M. Nieslayen.
Part IV. 1896.
di Numismatica.
7. Catalogueof the Greek Coins in the British Museum" Caria and Islands" By Barclay V. Head. From the Trustees of the British Museum.
Het Beslottenhof. From the Author, Vicomte B. de Jonghe. 9. Yocaholarietto pei Numismatici. By S. Ambrosoh. From
the Author.
10. Catalogueof Coins in the Calcutta Museum. Parts HI and IV. By C. J. Bodgers. 11, Bulletin de la Societe des Antiquaires de 1'OuesL Part
in. 1896.
galley and holding up a sort of arch, beneathwhich is a pyramidalbuildingenclosing figure of the god Sandanstanda
ing on a lion. Mr, L. A. Lawrence exhibited a plated half-crown of James I, and a copperpenny of the Transvaal Republic bearing
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY.
dated 1809, was struck for presentation to local doctors ; the other, French, dated 1814, for presentation to Chefs de Service of the Paris hospitals. Lord Grantley read a paper " On the Styca Coinageof Northumbria, from A.D. 758 to A.D. 808." Besides giving a general view of the coinage of that period, he called special attention to a few coins, most of which were unpublished. Amongst thesewas a styca of Elfwald I, with the name of the moneyer
instead of an animal on the reverse. This coin is of consider-
able importance, as it shows the earliest occurrence of a moneyer's name in the Northumbrian series. He also described several unpublished stycas of Elfwald II, formerly in the Bateman Collection, with the moneyer's name, Eadwine. The paper will be found in Num. Chron. vol. xvii, p. 134.
10
PROCEEDINGS OF THE
6. Pubhcations de la Section historique da 1'Institnt grandducal de Luxembourg. Yol. xv. 7. Solvfundet fra Horr. By G. Gustafsen. From the
Author.
Mr. W. T. Eeady exhibited a very rare archaic drachm of the town of Salybria, on the European coast of the Propontis ; also a counter, dated 1648, struck in the name of Charles II, and consequentlywithin two months after the execution of his father; oh. ADMITT - NOE . PARTNERS . 1648; three crowns; C. R. H. beneath. Rev. PERFEGI . 1648; Cupid holding wreath and bow; in field to left, tree stump with offshoot; to right a shrub, from which hangs a quiver. Mr. R A. Hoblyn exhibited a series of the " Yoce Populi" halfpennies and farthings coined in Ireland shortly before
1760. Mr. J. B. Caldecott exhibited illustrations of the Isle of Man
coinageas follows: specimens of the pattern penny of 1728, without initials or value on reverse, struck in silver and copper; specimensof the pattern halfpenny of the sameissue, struck in silver on thick and Ham flans and on a thick flam in copper; the pattern penny of 1732, with the date divided by the Derby
Dr. Frazer exhibited three medals of Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette, and the Dauphin, being copies by the Irish medallist William Mossop of similar pieces made by Ferdinand and Daniel Loos, of Berlin. He also exhibited a pewter impression of a plaque by the same artist, bearing the portraits of Lord John Beresford and his wife, Barbara Montgomery, the original
11
SeeNum. Chron. vol. xvii, pp. 90, 319. Mr. W. C. Boyd exhibited a bronze medal by F. Halliday,
JEthelred, which have hitherto beenattributed to the kingdom of Mercia, but which he proposed transferto East Anglia, to
and to the interval between the reigns of Beorn or Beonna,
#&>. 760, and of ^Ethelberht, A.D. who wasmurderedby Ofta, King of Mercia,A.D. 794. Sir H. Howorth was of opinion that there could hardly havebeenany Merciancoinage before
the reign of Offa.
12
PEOCEBDIKOS THE OF
Part
6. 7. 8. 9.
Revue beige de Numismatique. Part. II, 1897. Eevue Numismatique. Part I, 1897. Revue suissede Numismatique. Vol. vi. Part II. ArchaeologiaAeliana. Vol. xix. Part I.
of the Institute of Bankers. Vol. xviii. Part IV. "
10. Journal
11. Nachtrage und Berichtigungen zur Munzkunde der romischen Republik. By M. Bahrfeldt. From the Author. 12. Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland.
Vol.vii.
13.
Parti.
Bonner Jahrbucher, Part C. Vol. xxviii. Zeitschrift.
14. Numismatische
15. Zeitschrift
fur Numismatik.
Vol. xx.
16. Bulletin de Numismatique. March, 1897. 17. Rivista Italiana di Numismatica. Part I, 1897*
18. Monatsblatt der numismatischen Gesellschaffc in Wien.
April, 1897. Major-GeneralM. W. E. Gossetexhibited a gold coin of Nasired-din Khnsru Shah, King of Delhi, who usurped the throne
for four or five months in A.D. 1320. His coins are of extreme
rarity, three only being known, one in the British Museum and one in the Berlin Museum; this specimen, brought from
Mr. Readyexhibitedan unpublished variety of the common PortoBello medal,distinguishedby the initials i. K. and the word DUBLIN the exergue also an unpublished in ; medalcomm&norating the victories of Frederick the Great in 1757.
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY.
13
Mr. W. C. Boyd read a paper on a find of Eoman denarii at Cambridge, consisting of 193 coins ranging from the time of Commodusto that of Philip, A.D. 248. N.C., vol. xvii, pp.
119 and 251.
Mr. Warwick Wroth read a paper on the Greek coinsacquired by the British Museum in 1896, chiefly from the famous
MAT 20, 1897. SIB JOHNEVANS, K.C.B., President, in the Chair. The following presents were announced and laid upon the
table :-
Vol. xviii.
PartV.
2. Bulletin de la Societe des Antiquaires de la Morinie. 3. Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland.
Vol. vi. Part TV.
Dr. F. P. Weberexhibited three medalswith portraits of Priam, Alexander the Great, and Octavius, which, though
unsigned, he attributed to the Italian medallist, Alessandro Cesati, called " H Grechetto." Seevol. xvii., p. 314. Mr. L. A. Lawrence showed a rare penny of William I, and
14
PROCEEDINGSOF THE
Mr. Eeadyexhibited rare penny of Henry L, and Mr. A. a E. Goppa medalet with the portrait of JamesBlomfield Rush,
who was executed at Norwich for murder in 1849.
Mr. E, J. Seltmanncontributed a paper on the type known as "the Demos" on coins of Rhegium. After describing the
representations the figure of Demos on coins of late date, of and alsociting theearliest representations this personification of in sculptureand painting,the author was of opinion that the
seatedfigure found on the reverseof the early coins of Rhegium was not that of the Demos,butof Aristaeus, the protector of flocks and shepherds,of vines and olive plantations, the instructor in the art of cultivating bees,the averter of the burning heat of the Dog-star, &c. The various symbols and figures which are to be found below the chair on which the figure is seated appearedto Mr. Seltmann to be also connected with the nature and functions of Aristaeus in his various phases. See vol. xvii, p. 173.
NUMISMATIC
SOCIETY.
15
E. W. Cochran Patrick, Esq., F.S.A. S. S. Pearce, Esq. P. E. Eeed, Esq. And of one Honorary Member:Prof. Dr. J. G. Stickel, of Jena.
16
PROCEEDINGSOF THE
G-.B. Bleazby, Esq. F. Bowcher, Esq. R. Day, Esq , F.S.A. R. F. Huth, Esq. H. W. Lawrence, Esq. Lieut.-Col. W. J. Massey. A. T. Martin, Esq. H. 0. O'Hagan, Esq. F. G-.Hilton Price, Esq., F.S.A. Kumvar Kushal Pal Sinha, Rais of Zotla. A. L. Stride, Esq., J.P. W. S. Talbot, Esq. H. Thompson,Esq. H. W. Thorburn, Esq. According to the Report of the Hon. Secretariesthe numbers
of the Members are as follows :Ordinary Honorary. Total,
.
....
262*
14 276
20
282
14
20 1
296 9
Deceased
....
....
Resigned
Erased
,
... ....
4
1 263 19
4
1 282
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY.
17
The Council have further to announce that they have awarded the Medal of the Society to Dr. Alfred von Ballet, the Director of the Eoyal Coin Cabinet of Berlin, for the eminent serviceswhich he has rendered to the scienceof Greek, Roman, Mediaeval, and Oriental Numismatics during the past thirty
years.
The Treasurer's Report - which shows a balance of 232 16s. 7d. as comparedwith 439 16s. 3d. of last year-is
as follows:-
OP LONDON
s. d. B.
IN
d.
To Messrs.Virtue & Co.,for printing " Chronicles" :Parti, 1896 Part II, PartlH, Part IV, " 38 48 43 50
9 9 ,
7 10 4 9 0 0 3 6
4 4 0 0
i i
- 32 12 10
C1 3 JL L\J in 0
30
Mrs, Harper, for Attendance,Tea, Coffee, &c. . . Purchaseof 700London and North-Western Railway 4% Pref . Stockat 153J . . . 1,074 10 0 Brokerage ....... 10 1 0
1,084 11 0
11 3 2
.
....
863
1 11
861 8 6 223 2 13 12 5 15 7 1 6 0 0 0
Paid balance
Mr. John H. Pinches,for 12 Silver Medals and Engraving do. Mr. P. Anderson,for Drawing Coins, &c Messrs.Walker & BoutaU,for Photographing Coins Messrs.RoUin & Feuardent,for Priced Catalogues of Montagu's Sale, Romanand Greek Series . 1 10 8 Do. do. for Cohen's"M&L Imp&iales," 8 vols. 13 8 4 , Messrs.J. Davey & Sons,for Printing Balloting list , Messrs.Hachette & Cie., for " Dictionnaire desAntiquites " . Messrs.Spink & Son,for Priced Cataloguesof Montagu Sales , The Rev. Chas.Dowding, for Numismatic Books , Messrs.Bowyer & Co., for Bookbinding . Messrs.Griggs & Sons,for printing in Collotype . Messrs.Hatton & Son,for Stationery and Printing . , Civil ServiceSupply Assoc.,for Brass Plate, &c. .
, Fire Insurance
14 19 076
, , , ,
032 ChequeBook, &c 500 Secretaries, Postages,&c for 7 10 0 Treasurer,for Postages,Receipts,Telegrams, Cab Hire, &c. , Collector (Mr. A. W Hunt), for Commission and Postages 6 15 9 By Balancem.hand 232 16 7 806 4 4
A. PKEVOST
L. A, LAWRENCE
\
f
Numismatic Society, from June, 1896, to June, 1897. ACCOUNT WITH ALFBED EYELYN COPP, TREASUBER,
Or.
s. d.
43916 3
13 13 0
Compositions Subscriptions
Received for " Chronicles," viz.-
.
61 0 7
0 14 0
31 10 0 233 4 0
61 14 7
Mr. B. Quaritch
Mr. TLos. Bliss
.... 564
020
July Dividendon8002| per cent. Consols (less October ditto ditto ditto . . . ,, February ditto, on700Pref. London Northand
western Railway Stock ditto .... ,, Inland RevenueReturn of Income Tax on Consols
564
806
ALFRED E. COPP,
HONOEABY TBEASUBEB.
20
PROCEEDINGS OF THE
this periodicalhave been mainlyin the departmentof Greek coins,and testify to his wide acquaintance with that series,
and to the suggestive powers of his mind. The additional interest given to the noble collections at Berlin by the successive volumes of descriptions of different series is also due to his origination, and the details concerning the coinage of the Tauric Chersonesus,Sarmatia, Dacia, Thrace, Macedon, and
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY.
21
,von Sallet was informed of the award of our medal to him he sent me a letter regretting his inability to receive it in person, "and asking me to convey to the President and Council his warmest thanks for the honour which they have conferred upon him. For my own part I heartily congratulate not only Dr. von Sallet, but also the Society, on the choice they have made, for when I look hack over the spaceof no less than thirty years during which Dr. von Sallet has beendiligent in working and writing on various branchesof numismatics, I am simply amazed at the enormousnumber of his works both great and small. I have turned over the pagesof the very valuable Bibliography of Numismaticslately compiled with great care by one of our
Members, Mr. Thomas W. Minton, and I there find that under
the name of Yon Sallet there are no less than five closely written folio pages,each of which is crammed with the mere
titles of the numismatic treatises which Dr. von Sallet has
written. The subjects which he has so ably discussedin these papers include all the more important branches of the scienceGreek, Boman, Oriental, and Mediaeval coins, and medals of the Eenaissance and later periods. There are few, I imagine, who are in a better position than I am to appreciatethe value of many of Dr. von Sallet's most modest-lookingpapers. Every student who has made any use of my Historia Numorum cannot fail to have remarked the
numerous references his workson almost everypage. One to admirable quality of all Von Sallet's"writing is the brevity and
directness with which he places before his readers the essence
of the subject-matter underdiscussion. The growth of numis* matieliteratureduring the last thirty years has beenso rapid that it hasbecome hopeless to keep up with it except in a task small specialbranches. It seemsto me, therefore,that the avoidance all mereconjectural of writing and of prolix discussions is year by year becomingmore and more imperative. The quality of reticenceis one which cannot be too strongly
22
PROCEEDINGSOF THE
Once more I most heartily congratulate the Society on their judicious choice of so eminent a numismatist upon whom to
bestow their medal.
The President then delivered the following address:In addressingthis Society on the occasionof another Anniversary Meeting, I may again congratulate it on the satisfactory condition of its financesand of its List of Members. Although
Themedalof the Societyhas,as you know,been awarded by the Councilto Dr. Alfred von Sallet,in recognitionof his longcontinued services to the science of Numismatics, and in this award of the Council I am sure that the Society at large will cordially concur. Our losses by death have, I regret to say, beenrather above the average, and among our deceased members are several highly distinguished men about whose careerit seemsincumbent upon me to say a few words. From the list of our foreign Honorary Members we have to mourn the loss of the veteran Professor J. O. Stickel of Jena, who for sixty-seven continuous years occupieda Professorial chair in that University. Johann Gustav Stickel was bom at
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY.
23
endeavourswere in the direction of Theology and Philology, but he soon devoted himself to Oriental studies, which led him
for some time to reside in Paris. He returned, however, to Jena
in 1830, and ten years later induced the Grand Duke Frederick of Weimar to purchase the Zwiek collection of Oriental coins. Under his auspicesthere gradually accumulated
around this nucleus a collection which now numbers in all
upwards of 20,000 coins. Among these are many of the rarest and most important of the early Mohammedan coins, which with other allied relics have furnished materials for upwards of
supporter of the study of numismatics. The paper I have mentioned added nearly 250 new varieties to the London Tradesmen'sTokensof the sixteenth century; but the important share that he took in preparing the Medallic Illustrations of British History for the press has a far higher claim upon our gratitude. In this exhaustive work he was assisted by our
24
PROCEEDINGSOF THE
the Museum and those which he has bequeathedto It. This is not the place to dilate upon his wonderful stores of knowledge, ever at the disposalof students, of his critical acumen and his powers of organization. Far less can I speak of his devoted friendship and the kindliness of his disposition. To many besidesme his loss is incalculable and irreparable, For fortyfive yearshe devotedthe whole of his time and the bulk of his income to forwarding the interests of the British Museum and improving its archaeologicalcollections, and his servicesto the
Societyof Antiquaries have alsobeenunbounded. I maymention that in 1884 he had a medalet struck, with his crest and motto on the obverse and his name and family armson the reverse, which he gave to his more intimate friends as a kind of numismatic memorial, which will now be doubly treasured. On it his university degree is recorded as M.A., but Cambridge, his alma mater, subsequently conferred upon him the degree of Litt.D., and Oxford that of D.C.L. He was born on March 20th, 1826, and died on May 21st, 1897, having been for thirty-six years a member of this Society, and for forty-four years a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries. Mr. Robert W. Cochran Patrick, F.S.A., of Beith, in Ayrshire, was an old Member"of the Society, having been elected in 1871, and was among the most distinguished Scottish numismatists of this century. His Records of the Coinage of Scotland, published in two volumes in 1876, was soon followed by Records of Mining in Scotland,which appeared in 1878, and the Catalogueof the Medals of Scotland, published in 1884. These four handsome quarto volumes are monuments of his learning, zeal, and industry; but besides producing these independent standard works, he was for many years a constant contributor to the pages of the Numismatic Chronicle. In the New Series there are no less than eighteen papersfrom
NUMISMATIC! SOCIETY.
25
these, publishedin 1888, constituted an important supplement to his work on Scottish medals. Besides being a first-rate numismatist and a good antiquary, Mr. Gochran Patrick played a not unimportant part in politics. In the days when Scottish ConservativeM.P.s were far scarcer than at present, he sat for North Ayrshire, from 1880 to 1885. Prom 1887 to 1892 he was Under-Secretary for Scotland, and at the time of his death, which was sudden, on the 15th of March, 1897, he was DeputyChairman of the Scottish Fishery Board. He took an active part in all matters relating to his native county of Ayrshire, as well as in all that concerned Scottish antiquities, and at different times held the officesof Secretary and Yice-President
of the Societyof Antiquaries of Scotland. He died deeply regrettedby manypersonal friends at the comparativelyearly
age of fifty-five. M. H. Hoffmann, of Paris, had been a Member of our Society
Egyptianantiquity. Long after he had retired from business he couldnot abstain from attendingthe principalsalesof coins
and antiquities, and from time to time securing for his own enjoyment someof the most attractive objects brought to the
26
PROCEEDINGSOF THE
subjects relating to Greek, Eoman, Saxon, English, and OriIn the Greek department we have had more than one paper
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY.
27
that city, and severalother important pieces. The acquisitions of the Museum in 1896 comprised in the Greek series no fewer than 50 gold and 428 silver coins, or from two to three times as many as the average of the previous nine years. The bronze coins, on the other hand, fell somewhat below the
average.
I must content myself by mentioning a few only of the more important pieces. First comes a grand specimenof the Italian
(Zebina),alreadydescribed the pagesof the Chronicle, in and both from the Montagu Collection, must close my list of
selected examples. Mr. George Maedonald, who has unusual opportunities of carefully examining the Hunter Collection of Coins at Glasgow, has supplied us with some valuable notes on Combe's Catalogue of the Collection. Not only have numerous coins
been more or less misread and misattributed, but a certain
number of them can now no longer be accepted as undoubtedly genuine. In such an extensive collection, formed, as it was,
28
PROCEEDINGSOF THE
pation was not the study of numismatics, is fortunatethat it there are not morespecimens that will not hear the light of
modern methods of examination. I fear that when the series
in the Lipari Islands, including an unpublished coin of Ehegium* The most numerous in the hoard of 68 coins, are *eHorsemen of Tarentum," but there are in it 17 coins of Neapolis in Campania, as well as specimens from the mints of Yelia and Cales.
on these pieces. The first mark has been regardedas the initial letter of VITPA, and the secondas indicating the numeralfive. The author suggests the symbols that standfor the two first letters of the word AYTPON, an expiatory offering or atonement. The suggestion ingenious, is and the reasonsshownfor disconnecting symbolswith five litrra the Cogent;but so far as I am individually concerned, interthe
pretation as AVTPON does not commend itself to me, and the mystery attaching to the symbols remains unsolved. Mr.
The sameauthor has favoured with an essay the type us on known as the " Demos" on the coins of Ehegium,and has shown causefor regardingthis seatedfigure as rather representingAristaeus,or somelocal agriculturaldivinity, than as impersonating inhabitantsof the city. He regardsthe staff the
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY.
29
and otherattributesconnected with the figure as heing quite in keepingwith its being^intended Aristaeus,the protectorof for flocks and shepherds, vineyardsand oliveyards,the introof
ducer of agriculture and the guardian against the pernicious influences of the Dog-star. Like the paper already mentioned, that on the Ehegian type cannot be dismissedwithout very full
consideration.
Mr. Hill has had the good fortune to publish a didrachm struck at the hitherto unknown mint of Oinoanda, a town of Lycia, not far from Little Termessus,the coins of which place present analogous types; and Mr. Lambros has shown cause for transferring a bronze coin, attributed by M. Svoronos to Pannona, in Crete, to Eierapytna, or Hierapetra, in the same island. He goes so far as to say that Pannona must, for the present at least, be excluded from Cretan numismatics. We may, perhaps, hear more on the subject from M. Svoronos. An argument against the view of M. Lambros seems to be afforded by the fact that on the known coins of Hierapytna the name is spelt I EPA, and not IA PA, as seemsnecessaryif the new attribution is to be accepted. The principal paper that we have had on Koman numismatics has a melancholy interest about it. It is the first part of an account by the late Mr. Montagu of the rare and unpublished Eoman gold coins in his magnificent collection, now unfortunately dispersed. The coins described are 139 in number, and extend to the days of Saloninus, the son of G-allie-
him off from among us, perhaps this first half comprisesthe most interesting coins, even if there were a greater number of unpublished pieces in the second. It would be superfluous to enter into details, especially as the Sale Catalogue of the collection may be regarded as one of the best handbooks of Eoman gold coins ever published; but I may name a few of the more
30
PROCEEDINGSOF THE
importaDt pieces, several of which are now in the National Collection: Mark Antony and Octavia, the same and his son, Titus and Julia, Pescennius Niger, Diadumenianus, and Uranius Antoninus, of whom there were four coins in the collection. The prices obtained for these afford a strong argument in favour
of doubtingthe verdict pronounced uponthem by Sign.Gnecchi, of Milan, who has regarded all the gold coins of Uranius as false. The Diadumenianus, which coat Mr. Montagu so
and Monte Rosa on the Southern border of Switzerland, has kindly called our attention to them. The coins are of various dates,and though upwards of forty were found together, about a quarter belong to the time of AureHan and Probus, and threefourths to the period betweenConstantineII and Decentius. A
Mr. Boyd has describeda hoard of nearly two hundred Roman denariifoundnearCambridge and rangingin date from the time of Clodius Albinusto that of Philip the Arabian and his family. Though the deposit contains no coins of very
remarkable types or great rarity, it is satisfactory to have such a complete and carefully compiled list of them placed on record, A principal feature of interest in the hoard is its close
correspondence with that found at Rrickendonbury,near Hertford, in 1895,of which I furnished a descriptionto the Society. It must havebeendeposited the groundat approxiin mately the sametime, at all eventswithin about a couple of
NtJMISMATIC SOCIETY.
31
coins struck by Alehred, in conjunction with Archbishop Ecgberht of York, one of Aethelred I, which he has already described to the Society, and two sceattas of Aelfvald I, one of them apparently with the name of a moneyer. He goes on to describe some stycas attributed to Aelfvald II, and concludes with those which there seems reason to attribute to
Eardulf. The paper is full of facts relating to the Northumbrian coinage,and will have to be carefully studied by future writers on the subject. Lord Grantley has also described a penny of Offa of Mercia, with a new type of reverse struck by the well-known moneyer DVD. The fertility of design exhibited on the coinage of
Offais surprising, thevarieties seem almost inexhaustible. and This would be none the less remarkableshould Sir Henry Howorth's opinion,that there wasno Mercian coinagebefore the daysof Offa, be substantiated. His proposed transference
of the coins attributed to Peada and Aethelred from Mercia to
32
PROCEEDINGSOF THE
East Anglia, may find some support from the small hoard of seeattas found near Cambridge, of which I published an account somethree or four years ago. It is a case in which Mary's motto will hold good : " Yeritas temporis filia." Mr. L. A. Lawrence, dealing with coins of a somewhat later date, has touched upon some difficult points in questioning the authenticity of certain coins of Harold II, William the Conqueror, and Eufus. Unfortunately I was not able to be present when the paper was read, and I was, therefore, deprived of the
I must,however,
confessthat the identity of the dies from which several of the coins were struck can, in my opinion, hardly be accounted for by any interchange of such instruments at placesso far distant from eachother asLincoln, Lewes, and Winchester, even assuming them to have been issuedfrom one central office in London. If I am not mistaken there is another circumstance in
the casewhich, to say the least of it, is of a highly suspicious character, viz., that one of the coins impugned instead of having beenstruck on an ordinary plain blank, is a penny of the common PAXStype, restruck as a rarer coin. Mr. Lawrence has also given us an account of a hoard of short-cross pennies found in France, an examination of which confirms the classification of these coins now generally adopted. The name of one Canterbury moneyer EOB6CET. "VI: is new.
For a discussion of the attribution of a Baronial coin of the
North Devon,consisted nearly 5,200pieces,mainlyshillings of and sixpences, from the reign of Edward VI to that of
Charles I, but including some half-crowns of the last-named
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY.
33
among them, and some coins from the local mints of Aberystwith and Exeter. The hoard must have been deposited in the year 1646, when the civil war was raging, and when the final conflict in the West of England between the two opposing
interesting local coinswere present, including a half-crown from the Weymouth mint, and one of somerarity from Shrewsbury.
We are also indebted to Mr. Grrueber for some notes
about
1708-9 under
that have
been exhibited at our meetings, that in gold presented in 1804 to Dr. Edward Jenner by the Medical Society of London
has beenfully describedby Dr. Parkes Weber. He hasalso given us an interestingpaperon the curious" PerkinsSchool
Tokens" of the seventeenth century, of which a certain number have been published in Williamson's edition of Boyne, which afford a curious insight into the school customs of the period.
Dr. Parkes Weber has also oalled our attention to certain
Renaissancemedals bearing the presumed portraits of Priam, Alexander the Great, and Octavius, with fanciful reverses.
34
PROCEEDINGSOF THE
From internal evidence lie assigns their production to an engraver, -whoflourished under Pope Paul III, AlessandroCesati by name ; who was, however, familiarly called "II Grechetto."
Dr. Frazer of Dublin has called our attention to some
medals struck by W. Mossop, a jeweller and die-sinker of that city at the end of the last century, and an artist of no mean ability. A very large number of other interesting coins and medals have been exhibited to the Society at our meetings. In the department of Oriental Numismatics Mr. L. "White King and Mr. William Yost have communicatedto the Chronicle a paper on some novelties in Moghal coins, in which a considerable number of new mints are added to those already known of Akbar, Jahangir, Aurangzib and others. A coin of Humayun and Kamran conjointly seems to be of especial
interest.
Another communication from Mr. White King is on the " History and Coinage of the Baraksai Dynasty of Afghanistan." Though relating to comparatively modern times, it is of considerableinterest to the student of the history of the English in India. The names of Dost Mahommed, Akbar Khan, Sher Ali, and Abd ur Rahman, are not unfamiliar even to the generalpublic, and the series of Afghan coins, many of which bear poetical couplets upon them, seems to be of more interest than many of the native coins of India. Mr, C. J. Eodgers has described two new coins from the Punjab, one of them bearing the name of Polyxenos, and belonging to much the same date as Strabo I and Menander. Mr. Rapson, in a paper on the attribution of certain silver coins of Sassanian fabric, has placed on record some of the views of the late Sir A. Cunninghamwith regard to these puzzling coins which that lamented archaeologist had intended to incorporate in a note to be appendedto his article on the " Coinage of the White Huns." The coins were by him regardedas Ephthalite,
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY.
35
considersthem to have been struck by the Turuska IndoScyths in the third or fourth century. -Thereis, therefore,
room for controversy. The past year, like the onebefore it, has been distinguished by important sales in London9 both of coins and medals, the Bunbury Collection of Greek coins, and part of the Montagu Collection, including the whole of the medals, having been disposed of by auction. The prices realised seemedto prove that the interest in medallic illustrations of the past has by no means diminished. Among numismatic publications I may call attention to the Catalogue of the Coins of Caria and the Islands, prepared by Mr. Head, and published by the Trustees of the British Museum. An important innovation in it is the addition of a map showing the physical features of the country and the geographical position of the towns at which mints were situated, thus adding materially to the value of the work. Another feature is presented by the addition of a Plate of coins belonging to the series described, but of which there are as yet no examplesin the National Collection. The Catalogue is thus raised to the dignity of a Handbook. The Introduction is ezhaustive and complete, and not the least interesting part of it is that which relates to the re-issue of gold Philippi in the secondcentury B.C. Another of the British Museum Catalogues that has just appearedrelates to the coins of Lycia, Pamphylia, and Pisidia. It is by Mr. Gr.F. Hill, andforms the nineteenth volume of this magnificent work. A noticeable improvement in this volume upon its predecessors the insertion in the text, where possible, is of the find-spot of interesting coins, and of the names of the collections from which different specimenspassedto their final resting-placein the Museum. I may take this opportunity of calling attention to the fine
36
PROCEEDINGSOF THE
lities for studyinga fine and complete seriesof our coins and a
magnificent display of medals. Students of Greek numismatics "will be gratified to learn that, thanks to the liberality of Mr. Stevenson,of Glasgow, a new Catalogue of the Hunter Collection of coins of cities and princes is in course of preparation and will probably soon be completed. The old Catalogue by Combe is, as we know from ftlr. Macdonald'spaper, by no meansfree from errors, and
moreover, someof the coin%s of but questionable are authenticity. The new Cataloguewill doubtless be completedin a more critical manner than was the former, which it is destined to supersede. All that now remains for me to say is to express my thanks to this meeting for the patiencewith which it has listened to me, and to exhort all membersof the Society who have any rare or unpublished coins on which to comment, or any new views on numismatic subjects that they wish to ventilate, at once to communicate with the Secretaries. If any one has friends with numismatic tastes, let him lay before them the advantages of joining the Society. In doing so let them call to mind that this is the Diamond Jubilee of the Numismatic Society, as well
NUMISMATIC SOCIETY.
37
ALFRED E. COPP,ESQ.
Hon. Secretaries.
REV.G. F. CROWTHER, M.A. ARTHUR EVANS, J. ESQ.,M.A., F.S.A. GEORGE FRANCIS HELL,ESQ.,M.A.
E. C, KRUMBHOLZ, ESQ. L. A. LAWRENCE, ESQ.
LIST
OF
MEMBERS
OP THE
NUMISMATIC
OF LOIflDON.
SOCIETY
DEOEMBEE, 1897.
LIST
OF MEMBEES
OF THE
NUMISMATIC
OF LONDON,
SOCIETY
DECEMBER,
1897.
ELECTED
1873 *ALEXIEPP, GEORGE Ohambellande S.M. PEmpereur de M. DE, Russie, Ekaterinoslaw (par Moscou), Russie Meridionale.
1892AMEDROZ, HENRYE.,ESQVNew Square,Lincoln's Inn, W.C. 7, 1882 ANDREW, J., ESQ.,Cadster House, near Whaley Bridge, W.
Derbyshire. 1884 ANDREWS,E. THORNTON,ESQ., 2a, Castle Street, Hertford. 1888 ARNOLD, GK M.,EsQ., D.L., F.S.A., Milton Hall, Ghravesend,
Kent.
1882BACKHOTJSB, ESQ., J. E., The Rookery, Middleton Tyas,Richmond, Torks. 1881 BAGNAUt-QATTRLEY, MRS., Newland, Coleford, Gloucestershire.
4
ELECTED
LIST
OP MEMBERS,
1880 *BIEBER, W. EGMONT, G-. ESQ., FenchurchAvenue,E.O. 4, 1883 BIGGHS, FRANCIS ESQ., E., Hennapyn, Torquay. 1882 BIRD,W, S , ESQ.,74, New Oxford Street,W.C 1885 BLACKETT, JOHNSTEPHENS, ESQ.,C.E.,Inverard, Aberfoyl
N.B.
1896BLEAZBT, GrEO. BARNARD, ESQ., The Prairie, Lahore, Indi 1882*BLiss, THOMAS, , Montpelier Eoad, Ealing, W. ESQ 1879BLTHSDELL, H., ESQ., J. 157, Cheapside, E.G. 1896BOTTLTON, B., ESQ,, J.P., Copped HaU, Totterid^ S.
"Whetstone, Herts. 1897 BO-WCHER, FRANK, ESQ., 77, Brecknock Eoad, N.
1889 BUCKLEY, LADY, Plas, Dinas-Mawddwy,Merioneth, Wa. 1884 BTHCK, DAVID, ESQ.,LL.D., Sandy Bay, Larne Harbo
Ireland.
1897 BURN, EICHARB,ESQ.,Allahabad, India. 1881 BURSTAL, EDWAKD K., ESQ., M.Inst.O.E,, Street, Westminster.
France.
38, Parlian
1858BTJSH, COLONEL TOBIN, J. 41, Eue de 1'Orangerie, Ha le 1878*BUTTERY, ESQ.(address known). W., not
187SCAKPRAE, EGBERT, ESQ., E.S.A.Scot.,77, George Street,I burgh. 1894 CARLYON-BRITTON, P. W. P., F.S.A., Bitton He GAPT.
Bycullan Avenue, Enfield.
LIST ELECTED
OF
MEMBERS.
1890CLARKE, CAPT. E PLOMER, J. Welton Place,nearDaventry, Northamptonshire. 1891*CLATTSON, ALBERT CHARLES, ESQ.,12, Park Place Yillas,
Maida Hill West, W.
1890 CLERK, MAJOR-GEN. G-, Bengal Army, c/oMessrs. H. S. M. King & Co.,45, Pall MaU, S.W,
1886 CODRINGTON, OLIVER, ESQ., M.D , F.S.A., M.E.A.S., 71,
Victoria Eoad, ClaphamCommon,Librarian. 1877*Copp, ALFRED ESQ., E., Dampiet Lodge, 103, Worple Eoad,
West Wimbledon, and 36, Essex Street, Strand, Son.
Treasurer.
1884 DAMES, LONGWORTH, G.S., M.E.A.S.,Deputy ComM. ESQ., missioner,Ferozepore, Punjab. 1891DATTOLISH, W., ESQ.,54, Leinster Square,W. A. 1878 DAVIDSON, L. STRAOHAN, J. ESQ., M.A., Balliol College,
Oxford.
1884DAVIS,WALTER, ESQ., Suffolk Street, Birmingham. 23, 1888 DATVSON, J. CROSBIE, G. ESQ.,M.Inst-C.E., F.GKS.,F.S.S., May Place,Newcastle,Staffordshire. 1897 DAY,EGBERT, ESQ.,F.S.A., M.E.I.A., Myrtle Hill House,
Cork.
6
BUEOTED
LIST
OF MEMBERS.
Manager'sOffice,Georgetown, Demerara.
1868 DOUGLAS,CAPTAIN R. J. H., Junior Charles Street, St. James's, S.W. ampton. United Service Club,
Ift61 DRYDEN, HENRY, SIB, BART.,Canon'sAshby,Byfield, North1893DUDMAN, JOHN, ESQ., JUN., RosslynHHl, Hampstead,N.W. 1893ELLIOTT, A. ESQ., Holland Park, W. E. 41, 1893 ELLIS,LrETrr.-CoL.H. LESLIE,Yeomanry House, Buckingham.
Road,Hampstead,N."W. 1888ENSBL,M.?ARTHUR, Eue de TAssomption, 66, Paris. 1879ERHARBT, ESQ.,9, Bond Court, Walbrook, E.G. H.,
1872 EYANS, AETHTJRJ., ESQ., M.A., F.S.A., Ashmolean Museum,
Oxford,
1849EVANS, SIR JOHN, K.C.B., D.C.L., LL.D., P.U.S.y Corr. deTlnst., NashMills, HemelHempstead, President. 1892 *EYANS, LADY, NashMills, Hemel Hempstead.
1861 EVANS, SEBASTIAN, Esq., LL.D., Combe Lea, Hawthorn Koad
1891 Fox, H. B. EARLE,ESQ., Eue Jouflroy, Paris. 42, 1868 FRENTZEL, RUDOLPH, 96,Upper Oshaldiston ESQ., Eoad, Stoh Nemngton, N. 1882*FRESHPIELD, EDWIN,ESQ.,LL.D., F.S.A., 5, Bank Build ings, E.C.
LIST OF MEMBERS.
ELECTED
1897GANS, LEOPOLD, ESQ.,126, Market Street,Chicago,U.S.A. 1871 GAKDNEB, PROF. PEBCY, Litt.D., E.S.A., 12, CanterburyEoady
Oxford.
1893 HANKIN, A. "W., ESQ., Hatfield, Herts. 1896 HAYEBJBTELD, J., ESQ., M.A., F.
Oxford.
P.S.A.,
Christ-Church,
1864HEAD, BABCLAT VINCENT, ESQ., D.C.L., Ph.D., Keeper of Coins, British Museum,Hon. Secretary.
1886 *HENDEBSON, JAMES STEWABT,ESQ., P.E.G.S., M.E.S.L., M.O.P., 7, Hampstead Hill Gardens, N.W. 1880 HETWOOD,NA.THAN, ESQ., 3, Mount Street, Manchester. 1892 HEWITT, EIQHABD, ESQ., 28, "Westbourne Gardens, W. 1893 HJLBEBS,THE YEN, G. 0., St. Thomas's Eectory, Haverfordwest.
1893HILL, GEOBGE FBAKOIS, ESQ., M.A., British Museum, 1873HOBLYN,EIOHABD ESQ.,P.S.A., 30, Abbey Eoad, St. A.,
John's Wood, N.W.
8
"KiZOfED
LIST OF MEMBERS.
1895HODGE, THOHAS, ESQ., Wellington Street, Strand, W.C. 13, 1889HODGES, GEORGE, ESQ., Thornbury, Gloucestershire.
1877 HODGKIN,T., ESQ.,D.C.L., F.S.A., Benwelldene, Newcastle,
1878 HOWORTH, HENRYH., K.C.LE, M.P., F.E.S., F.SJ SIB, M.E.A.S., 30, CoUingham Place, Earl's Court, S.W
Vice-President.
1883 HUBBARD, WALTER ESQ.,9, BroomMLL E., Avenue, Particl Glasgow. 1885 HUGEL,BARON VON, Holford Eoad, Hampstead,N/V F. 4,
1897 HUTH, EEGINALD, ESQ., 32, Phillimore Gardens, Kei
Squai
1880 JOHNSTON, M. C., ESQ., The Yews, Grove Park, Cambe J. weH, S.E.
Piccadilly, W. 1874*KENYON, LLOYB, , M.A., Pradoe, R. ESQ WestFelton, Saloj 1884KING, L. WHITE, EsQ.,I.O.S.,Deputy Commissioner, Koh Panjdb, India.
1891 EIRKALDY, JAMES, ESQ., 68, East India Eoad, E, 1876 KITCHENER, GEN. SIR H. H., Pasna, K.C.M.G., 0.
LIST OF MEMBERS.
ELECTED
1884 *KiTT, THOS. ESQ., WinsladeEoad, Brixton, S.W. W., 23, 1879KRTTMBHOLZ,0., ESQ., E. AlcesterHouse,Wallington, Surrey.
1883 *LAGERBERG, ADAM MAGNUSEMAJHJEL,Chamberlain of M.,
H.M. the King of Sweden and Norway, Director of the Numismatic Department, Museum, Gottenburg, and
Etda, Sweden.
1881LATCHMOEB, ESQ., F., High Street, Hitchin. 1877LAWRENCE, G.,ESQ.,Birchfield, Mulgrave Eoad, Sutton, F.
Surrey. 1897 LAWRENCE, W., ESQ., 37, Belsize Avenue, N.W. H. 1885 *LAWEENCE,L. A., ESQ., 37, Belsize Avenue, N.W. 1883 *LAWRENCE, EICHARDHOE, ESQ.,31, Broad Street, New York. 1871 *LAWSON,ALFRED J., ESQ., Smyrna.
1887 Low,
U.S.A.
1885 *LTELL, A. H., ESQ., E.S.A., 9, Cranley Gardens,S.W. 1895MAODONALD, GEO., ESQ., M.A., The University, Glasgow. 1887MAOKERELL, E., ESQ.,Dunningley, Balham Hill, S.W. C. 1858MADDEN, FREDERIC WTT.T.TATVT, M.E.A.S., Holt Lodge, ESQ., 86, LondonEoad, Brighton. 1895 MARSH, WM. E., ESQ.,16, Blythe Hill, Catford, S.E. 1897 MARTIN, TRICE,ESQ., A. EedboroughHouse, PercevalEoad,
Clifton, Bristol.
10
ELECTED
LIST
OF MEMBERS.
1880 *MAUDE> BEV. S., The Vicarage,Hockley, Essex. 1889MAYXER, ESQ., W., Middleton Lodge, Alsager, Cheshire.
1868 McLicHLAtf, B, W., ESQ., 55, St. Monique Street, Montreal,
Canada.
1887MUTTON, THOS. ESQ., W, Chase Sidings, Enfield. 1887 MITCHEUL, C., ESQ., E. (care of Messrs.H. S. Eong & Co.,
65, Comhill). 1888 MONTAGUE, A. D., ESQ., Penton, near Crediton, Devon. L.
1885MURDOCH, Jomr GLOAG, ESQ.,Huntingtower, The Terrace, Camden Square,N.W. 1894MUHPHT,WAITER ELLIOT, ESQ., 93, St. George'sEoad,
Pimlico, 8.W.
1891NERYEGNA, G.,Bnndisi, Italy. M., 1884NUTTEB,, JOR Eough Lee, Accrington. MA W., 1897*0'HAGAN, HENRY OSBORNE, ESQ., Al4, The Albany, Piccadilly, W.
1885 OLIVER, E. EMMERSON, ESQ., M.E.A.S., M.Inst.O.E,
Secretary Government,P.W.D., Lahore,Panjab, India. to 1882OMAN, C. W. C,, ESQ., M.A., F.S.A., All Souls' College,
Oxford.
LIST OF MEMBERS.
ELECTED
11
1890 PAGE,SAMUEL, ESQ.,Hanway House, Nottingham. 1890PATON, E., ESQ., W. Mitylene, Turkey in Asia. 1896*PEARSON, ESQ.,J.P., Brickendonbury, Hertford. G.,
1882 *PECKOYER,ALEX., ESQ., P.S.A., House, Wisbech.
Middlesex.
1896PEERS, E., ESQ., C. M.A., Harrow Weald Yicarage? Stanmore, 1894 PERRY, HENRY,ESQ.. Mddleton Mount, Eeigate. 1862 *PERRY, MARTEN, ESQ., M.D., Spalding, Lincolnshire. 1888PINCHES, JOHN HARVEY, ESQ.,27, Oxenden Street, Haymarket.
1887 EEADY, W. TALBOT,ESQ., 55, Eathbone Place, W. 1882 EJOHARDSON, B., ESQ., F.S.A. Scot., 16, Coates Orescent, A. Edinburgli.
12
ELECTED
LIST OF MEMBERS.
1887 SMITH, H. P., ESQ., 256, West 52nd Street, New York 1883 SMITH, It. HOBAB.T, ESQ., 542, West 150th Street, New*
York.
1866 SMITHS SAMTJEL, ESQ.,JTJN 25, Croxteth Road, Prince's Park, , Liverpool.
1892 SMITH,YINCENT ESQ., A., Gorakhpur, N.W.P., India. 1881 SMITHS, J.DOYLE,ESQ., F.G.S., Ecclesdin,Upper Norwood. 1890 *SPEBTOE,J., ESQ South PrestonLod^e, North Shields. C. ,
1867 SPICEB, FKEDEBICK, ESQ.,Hillside, Prestwich Park, Prestwich,
Manchester.
LIST OF MEMBERS.
ELECTED
13
1864 *STUBBS, MAJOR-GEN. F. W., E.A., M.E.A.S., Terrace, St. Luke's, Cork, Ireland. 1875 STITDD,E. FAIRFAX,ESQ., Oxton, Exeter.
2, Clarence
sington, S.W.
1896 *TAFFS, H. W., ESQ., 88, Herbert Eoad, Plumstead, S.E. 1879 TALBOT, MAJOR THE HON. MILO GEORGE, E.E., 2, Paper
Buildings, Temple,E.C.
189*7TALBOT,W. S., ESQ., C. S. Settlement Offices, Jhelum,
Panjab, India. 1888TATTOST, E., ESQ., THOS. Wythenshawe, Nortlienden,C]iesMre. 1892 *TAYLOR, WRIGHT, ESQ.,F.S.A., 8,, Stone Buildings, B.
Lincoln's Inn, W.C. 1887 TAYLOR, W. H., ESQ., The Croft, Wheelwright Eoad,
Erdington, near Birmingham. 1887 THAIRLWALL, J., ESQ.,12, Upper Park Eoad,Haverstock T.
HiU,Isr.W.
1880 *THEOBALD, ESQ., W., Budleigh Salterton, S. Devon. 1896THOMPSON, HERBERT, ESQ.,35, Wimpole Street,W.
1896 THORBTTRN, HENRY W., ESQ., Cradock Yilla, Bishop Auckland.
14
KLBCTTED
LIST
OF MEMBERS.
1895TELLSTONE, X, ESQ.,c/o F. W. Madden, Esq., Brighton P. Public Library, Eoyal Pavilion, Brighton.
1894 TRIGGS,A. B., ESQ., Bank of New South Wales, Tass, New
South Wales.
1875 WAKEFOKD, GEORGE, ESQ.,Knightrlder Street, Maidstone. 1883WALKER, E. K, ESQ.,M.A., Trin. CoU. Dub., Watergate, Heath Eoad,Bray, Ireland.
1897 WALTERS, FRED. A., ESQ., 37, Old Queen Street, Westminster, S.W. 1894 WARD, JOHCT, ESQ., J.P.,
Ireland.
F.S.A.,
Lenoxvale,
Belfast,
Duck's
Columbia.
GrosvenorSquare,W,, Vice-President. 1884 WEBSTER, J., ESQ., c/o Messrs. Spink, 17, Piccadilly, W.
W.
1883 WHELAN, E., ESQ., Bloomsbury Street,W.C. F. 6, 1869*WIGRAM, MRS. LEWIS (address kno^wn). not
1881 WILLIAMSON, GEO. CM ESQ., F.E S.L., The Mount, Guild-
ford, Surrey.
1869 WINSEE, THOUOLS ESQ.,81, Shooter's Hill Eoad, Blackheath, B.,
SJL
LIST OF MEMBERS.
ELECTED
15
1868 WOOD, HUMPHREY, Esq, F.S.A., Chatham. I860 WORMS, BAEON GEOEGE F.B.G.S.^.S.A., M.E.S.L., E.G.S., DE, D.L., J P., 17, Park Orescent, PortlandPkce, W. L883 WEIGHT, EEV.WILLIAM,D.D., Woolsthoipe,10,TheAvenue,
Upper Norwood, S.E.
HONORARY
ELECTED
MEMBERS.
L891 BABELON, EENEST, M. BibliothSque Nationale, Paris. L862BAETHELEMT, A. BE, 9, Eue d'Anjou, Paris, M. L882CHAJBOUILLET,A., Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris. M.
L8S1 DAJOTENBEE^, HEBE H., Berlin. L893 GNECCHI, SIGE. PEAITOESOO, Milan. L886 HJEEBST, HEEE C. P., Director of the Museum of Northern
Antiquities andInspectorof the Coin Cabinet,Copenhagen* L886HiLBEBEAln),DE. HANS,Eiksantiquarien, Stockholm. L873IMHOOS-BLTIMEE,E., Winterthur,Switzerland. DE.
L893 JOTGHE, M. le Yicomte B. de, Brussels. L878 KEIOTEE,DE. F., K K. Museum, Vienna,
16
TEMHJTED
LIST OF MEMBERS.
1895EEINACH, THEODOBE, Eue Muxillo, Paris. M. 26, 1896 EODGEBS, J., ESQ., 106, Hall C. Birmingham.
1865 Six, M. J. P., Amsterdam.
Eoad, Handsworth,
1881TiESENHAxrsEir, PBOF. W., Pont de la Police, 17, St. Petersburg, 1886WEIL, Du. EUDOLP, Koniglicae Museen,Berlin.
MEDALLISTS
I5f THE ]STUMISMATIC SOCIETY.
1883 CHARLES EOAOH SMITH, ESQ., F.S.A. 1884 AQTJTLLA SMITH, ESQ., M.D., M.E.I.A. 1885 ED-WARD THOMAS,ESQ, F.E.S. 1886 MAJOB-GENEBAL ALEXANBEB CUNNINGHAM,O.S.I., C.I.E.