Huong Dan Su Dung Electro Workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench
HNG DN S DNG PHN MM ELECTRONIC WORKBENCH 5.12

Hin nay, vi s h tr ca my tnh vic th nghim v ch to cc mch in tr nn n gin hn nhiu. Nh c nhng phn mm h tr ny, cho php ngi ch to tn thi gian cho vic th nghim nhiu ln trn thc t v vic thit k thun li hn nhiu. C rt nhiu phm mm lin quan n thit k v m phng in. Trong gii hn bi ny, xin gii thiu vi cc bn phn hng dn s dng phn mm ELECTRONIC WORKBENCH 5.12. y l mt phn mm m phng trc quan v in t, d thao tc vi ngi s dng. n hin thi c phin bn 10.0. Tuy nhin, chng ti vn gii thiu phin bn 5.12 v vn c rt nhiu bn s dng phin bn ny, v nhng phin bn sau ny c nng cp t cc phin bn trc , cho nn t phn c s ny bn c th tm hiu d dng hn i vi cc phin bn cao hn. Ti liu hng dn gm hai phn: PHN TRA CU: Dng tra cu cc chc nng ca cc cng c lm vic ca phn mm ELECTRONIC WORKBENCH 5.12. Gm cc loi sau:

Cc thanh chc nng Th vin linh kin Thit b o kim
PHN THC HNH: Gm

Cc bi thc hnh c bn Cc bi thc hnh nng cao
V TR CA EWB TRONG MN HC C.A.A

C.A.A. l tn ca mn hc Gii tch mch vi s tr gip my tnh, vit tt t thut ng Computer Aided Analysis. tin cho vic trnh by trong gio trnh, ngi vit xin c php dng thut ng vit tt ny thay th cho tn mn hc "Gii tch mch vi s tr gip my tnh" trong ton b gio trnh in t. y l mt mn hc c rt nhiu cc trng i hc, cao ng trn ton th gii s dng. N trang b cho sinh vin cc kin thc c bn v my tnh, t sinh vin c th phn tch mch, h thng in qua cc cng c m mn hc h tr. Xin ng nhm thut ng "phn tch mch" y theo ngha l "c c nguyn l lm vic ca mch", m hy hiu theo hng phn tch chi tit tng linh kin thnh phn tham gia mch... k c ca ngi thit k, t c th phn tch u nhc im ca mch, gip ngi s dng cng c d dng hn trong vic ci tin mch theo hng mnh mun. Tu vo tng trng, tng ngnh, tng cp hc, cc cng c c trang b trong mn hc cng khc i. C th vi cc trng thin v thit k, ngi ta s dng Matlab; cc trng ch yu thc hnh c th dng Electronics Workbench (EWB), Pspice, CircuitMaker, Orcad ... Ti b mn in t trng i hc s phm k thut Tp H Ch Minh, chng ti s dng EWB v Pspice. Tm li, phn mm Electronics Workbench chnh l mt cng c m mn hc C.A.A mun trang b cho sinh vin. Ngoi cng c l phn mm EWB, mn hc C.A.A cn trang b cho sinh vin ngnh in t cc kin thc v m hnh ton hc ca cc linh kin in t, gii thiu v cu trc phn cng my tnh ...
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l mt cng c, th chnh bn thn phn mm ny khng th t n thit k nn mch in, m n ch tr gip ngi thit k trong vic tnh ton: ngha l nu ngi s dng khng bit thit k th phn mm ny cng chng thit k c g ngoi cc v d mu mang tnh minh ho. Khng nn hiu thut ng EDA (Electric and Elecctronics Design Automation) l phn mm c th t n thit k c mch in. Chnh xc l n ch lm cho vic thit k tr nn d dng hn nh vo tc tnh ton cc nhanh ca n. C mt cu ni c v dn d nhng din t rt chnh xc trng hp ny, l:"Vi my tnh, nu ta a vo rc n s cho ra rc". Trong cc phn mm m phng hin nay, EWB l mt trong nhng phn mm thc dng nht. Do vy sinh vin s c nhiu thun li khi tip cn vi phn mm Electronics Workbench.
MT S C IM
Nu em so snh gia Electronics Workbench (EWB) vi Orcad (sau khi st nhp vi MicroSim) hay Pspice v kh nng m phng th EWB khng mnh bng. Nhng nu chng ta hiu c tn gi, th cng phn no hiu c c tnh c bn ca phn mm ny v hiu c v sao n vn c ch ng nht nh trong thc t! Thut ng "work-bench" trong ting Anh c ngha l bn lm vic ca th. C ngha l: khi thao tc trn EWB, ta c cm gic ging nh ang lm vic trn bn th vy... No l ly tng linh kin cm vo bng mch, ri hn ni dy gia chng li vi nhau theo s m mnh mong mun, sau lp cc c cu o o cc thng s cn kho st v sau khi quan st k lng th ... cp in cho mch xem kt qu. n y th bt u c khc: Nu nh mch thc t c th b "xt khi" hay chy n, h linh kin, c cu o... ngha l tn hao tin ca, th y chng ta yn tm. Chng trnh EWB s bo hiu cho chng ta bit m khng h c s c hng hc, h hao no. Trong mch thc t, ngoi tn hiu thc n cn chng chp vo v s nhng tn hiu nhiu m nu l ngi thiu kinh nghim trong thc t kh lng bn nhn ra c u l tn hiu tht cn kho st. Trong khi vi EWB th tn hiu nhn c l tn hiu tht 100%. Vi mch thc t, khi mun mch tm ng yn mt trng thi bt k ghi nhn kt qu lm vic l chuyn kh th vi EWB rt n gin: bn ch cn nhn bn gc phi ca mn hnh ngay di nt cngtc ngun th mch s tm dng li bn ghi nhn kt qu. Mun mch chy tr li ch cn nhn nt 'Pause" thm mt ln na. Chng trnh EWB c th chng chp nhiu kt qu phn tch ln mt th phn tch trong khi mch thc t i hi phi lm i lm li nhiu ln, mi ln u phi ghi kt nhn kt qu. T y, vic phn tch mch s d dng hn khi s dng EWB. Cc c cu o, thit b hin th trong EWB rt phong ph v cht lng th tuyt vi, nu thc t bn mun s hu y cc thit b trn th ""hi b" kh! Cc thit b trn s gip bn rt nhiu trong vic phn tch mch. Bn c cm gic nh c lm vic trong mt phng th nghim rt hin i. Cng nh cc phn mm phn tch mch khc, EWB c cc cng c thng k tnh ton rt nhanh m nu tnh bng tay c l phi tn mt thi gian kh di hon thnh (i lc khng tnh c). Tt nhin, yu cu ni ngi s dng EWB phi c c mt trnh c bn nht nh. Nhng nu ch nu nhng u im m b qua nhc im th tht l phin din. "Nhn v thp ton" nn sn phm con ngi to ra cng khng trnh khi nhng sai st nht nh. Chng trnh EWB vn tn ti mt s nhc im sau: Do EWB dng phng php Newton-Raphson gii quyt cc mch in phi tuyn, ngha l khi gp cc linh kin phi tuyn EWB s tuyn tnh ho chng v th s dn n cc sai s. Khi cc sai s ny cn nm trong dung sai c ch nh trc trong qu trnh phn tch mch (trong menu Analysis), th kt qu vn c hin th. Nu sai s ny vt qu mc cho php, thng tin bo li (Error) s hin ra v vic phn tch s b hy b, trong khi mch thc t c th vn chy tt. Do EWB ch yu nh tnh t nh lng, v d vi mt transistor BJT: Pspice cng thi im dng n
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14 thng s m phng trong khi EWB ch c 10. Nn sai s xy ra kh ln. iu ny cng l gii v sao cng mt cu hnh my tnh, mch in, cc yu cu phn tch... EWB chy nhanh v t b "treo" hn Pspice. Tnh lin thng gia cc phn mm ca EWB cha cao: nu nh Pspice v Orcad (lc cha st nhp) c th dung np d dng rt nhiu phn mm v v phn tch mch khc th EWB khng c d dng nh trn. Vi nhng c tnh va phn tch trn, ta nhn thy EWB rt thch hp cho cc lp thc tp, trung cp hoc cng nhn lnh ngh. V y yu cu chnh l nh tnh; cn nh lng l khng cao. c bit rt thch hp i vi cc k thut vin sa cha in t (s, trung ln cao cp), EWB c th xem nh mt bn th "cao cp".
PHN I : CC THANH CHC NNG

Sau khi vic khi ng phn mm EWB 5.12 hon tt, vo phn mm ta thy trn mn hnh my tnh c cc thanh nh sau:
THANH TRNH N
THANH CNG C
xem cng dng ca cc thanh trn, hy click chut trn cc biu tng tng ng m bn mun xem.
THANH TRNH N
Thanh trnh n cha cc lnh menu chnh. Trong lnh menu chnh c cha cc lnh menu con h tr cho vic m phng mch in.
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1. File: Trong trnh n ny cha cc lnh nh sau:
- New: M ca s thit k mi cha c t tn (Untitled). Nu chuyn sang mt mch in khc, chng trnh s nhc lu li mch in trong mn hnh thit k trc khi m mn hnh thit k khc. Khi khi ng chng trnh, ca s thit k mch mi s t ng xut hin. - Open: M mt tp tin mch in c lu trc y. Bnh thng, hp thoi Open s xut hin. Nu cn thit c th chuyn i qua li gia cc a hay cc th mc c cha tp tin cn m. Chng trnh ch m nhng tp tin c phn m rng l : *.CA*, * .Cd*, v *.Ewb (trong mi trng Windows). - Save: Lu tp tin mch in hin hnh. Thng thng, hp thoi lu tr tp tin s xut hin. C th chn th mc hoc chuyn i a trong hp thoi l tr. i vi ngi s dng h iu hnh Windows, phn m rng ca tp tin mch in s l .EWB t ng cng thm vo. V d : mch in c tn l DaoDong s c lu li di dng tp tin ca chng trnh l : DaoDong.EWB.
- Save As: Khi mun chuyn i tn tp tin t tp tin gc th chn lnh Save As v tp tin c s khong thay i. Ch : tp tin trong phin bn 5.12 s khng th m c trong phin bn 5.0. Ngc li, cc tp tin trong phin bn 5.0 sau khi lu li v chuyn vo danh sch nhng tp tin ca phin bn 5.12 s c cng trnh hiu nh l tp tin mc nh ca phin bn 5.12. - Revert to Saved: Phc hi mch in theo cch lu cui cng. - Import... : Chuyn tp tin ca chng trnh SPICE c phn m rng l *.Net hay *.Cir trong h iu hnh Windows thnh dng s nguyn l. Ch : chng trnh Electronics Workbench s ch nhn din nhng im ni nhau trong mch, nu bng s im ni cho php ca chng trnh. Nu vt qu s lng cho php th chng trnh s thay i tn nhng im ni v v cung cp nhng thng tin mi ny trong hp thoi.
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- Export...: i vi nhng ngi s dng h iu hnh Windows, bt k mt tp tin mch in no lu tr theo nh dng tp tin c phn m rng l *.Net, *.Scr, *.Cmp, *.Cir, *.Plc. Chuyn s nguyn l ca chng trnh sang phn mm khc c h tr thit k mch in.
- Print...: In mch in hay mt phn ca mch in v kt qu ca cc dng c o ra giy. Khi nhp chut vo biu tng my in trn thanh cng c, hp thoi Print s xut hin vi cc chn la kiu in : In mch in : Circuit. In s nguyn l : nhp chut vo Schematic. For printing, zoom to : phng ln hay thu nh phn cn in ra giy, chng trnh h tr cho cc kch thc t 20% n 500%. Nu khng xc nh c kch thc s in th chn Fit to page chng trnh s t iu chnh sao cho s s c in ra mt trang giy. Description : in phn v mch in. Parts list : in mt phn bng k khai cc thng s mch in. Model list : chn kiu bng thng k khai bo cc thng s ca mch in. Subcircuit : in cc thnh phn mch in nhnh. Instruments: In thng s ca cc dng c o . Multimeter : in thng s o ca my o V.O.M. Function Generator : in thng s o ca my pht sng. Oscilloscope :in thng s o ca my o dng sng v dng sng ti im ang kim tra.
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Bode Ploter : in thng s o ca my v gin Bode. Word Generator : in cc thng s ca my pht t. Logic Convertor : in cc thng s ca my chuyn i Logic nh bng s tht (a Truth Table), biu thc Boolean. Boolean Expresstion : ch in biu thc Boolean trong my chuyn i Logic. XY Plot : ch in th theo hai trc X v Y trong cc bng thng k thng s ca mch in. - Ch : Th t trang in s hin ra khi nhp chut vo cn in. Ch nhng c ch hin ra l c th in c cn cc ch m th khng chn in ra giy c.
- Print setup: Sau khi chn lnh ny, hp thoi Print Setup s xut hin vi cc thng s in chun t c th thay i li cc thng s cho my in v nh dng cho hnh nh, kh giy, ngun giy v mt s chn la khc. Nu mch in qu ln, n s t ng tri rng v in ra vi s giy nhiu hn s giy d tnh.
THANH CNG C
Ngay di thanh trnh n chnh l thanh cng c. Thanh ny cha cc cng c iu khin vic m phng tng t nh khi click t menu nhng nhanh hn. Do ngha ca cc biu tng trong thanh ny ging nh trong thanh trnh n nn y gio trnh ch nu chc nng ca tng nt trong bng sau .
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New: m tp tin mi. Open: m mt tin lu. Save: Lu tp tin ang hin hnh. Print: cho php in. Cut: ct mt phn t a vo Clipboard Copy: Sao chp tp tin. Paste: Dn tp tin t Clipboard vo mn hnh hin hnh. Rotate, Flip Horizontal, Flip Vertical: xoay chuyn linh kin. Create Subcircuit: To mch in ph tr. Display Graphs: cho php hin th ci du. Component Properties: Chnh sa thuc tnh Zoom In, Zoom out: phng to thu nh i tng. T l xem mch in trn mn hnh. Help: hng dn bng ting Anh.
PHN II : TH VIN LINH KIN

Khi m mn hnh giao din chnh ca EWB 5.12, ngay di thanh menu hin hu thanh th vin linh kin. y chnh l ni EWB cha cc linh kin phc v cho vic m phng. Thanh ny c dng nh sau:
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Ni dung trong tng hp cng c trong thanh ny trnh by qua bng sau (Nhp chut vo biu tng ca tng hp linh kin xem chng loi linh kin):
Sources : cha tt c nhng b ngun c sn trong chng trnh Electronics WorkBench bao gm ngun Pin (Battery), ngun xoay chiu (AC voltage source), ngun mt chiu (Vcc source), ngun pht sng FM (FM source). Basic : cha nhng thnh phn c bn c trong mch in t c thit k sn trong chng trnh bao gm in tr (Resistor), t in (Capacitor), r-le (Relay), bin p
(Transformer), tip im... Diode : cha nhng kiu Diode c sn trong Electronics WorkBench bao gm Diac, Triac, Diac, Thyristor, diode Shockley, Led, Diode zener, cu diode. Transistors : cha nhng linh kin thuc h transistor bn dn c sn trong chng trnh bao gm transistor BJT; JFET knh P, knh N; MOSFET knh N, knh P; GaAS FET knh N, knh P. Analog ICs : cha nhng b khuch i thut ton bao gm b khuch i thut ton 3, chn, 5 chn (5-terminal opamp), 9 chn (9-terminal opamp), b so snh (Comparator), mch vng kho pha (phase-locked loop). Mixer ICs : cha cc vi mch lai bao gm nhng b chuyn i Analog sang Digital v t Digital sang Analog, mch n n (Monostable), vi mch 555. Digital ICs : cha nhng vi mch s cho chng trnh EWB 5.12. Bao gm nhng vi mch thuc h 74XX, 741XX, 742XX,
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PHN III: THIT B O KIM

Thit b o lng c ct gi trn thanh cng c linh kin v nm trong biu tng cui cng ca thanh, biu tng y c mang tn : Instruments.
4XXX. Logic Gate : cha cc cng logic c trong chng trnh m phng nh cng NOT, AND v cc IC cha nhng cng logic nh IC cng NAND, cng EXOR. Digital : cha nhng thnh phn lin quan n mch s nh mch cng bn phn (Half - Adder), cc Flip - Flop (FlipFlops), b dn knh (multiplexer), thanh ghi dch (shift register), b m ho (encode). Indicators : cha nhng thnh phn hin th c trong chng trnh bao gm ng h o in p (Voltmeter), o dng in (Ammeter), bng n (Bulb), Led 7 on (7-segment display), b hin th di ( bargraph Display). Control : cha nhng khi s dng trong t ng iu khin bao gm b vi phn in p (voltage differentiator), khi tng li in p (voltage gain block), b nhn (multiplier), gii hn in p (voltage limiter), b chia (divider). Miscellaneous : bao gm cc thit b ph tr khc nh cu ch (Fuse), ng truyn tn hiu (transmission lines), thch anh (crystal), ng c DC (DC motor), ng chn khng (vacuum tube), hp dng a vn bn vo mch in cn m phng (text box)...
Khi biu tng cc thit b o lng.
c kch chn. Lc ny, ca s Instruments hin ra: cha 7 biu tng ca
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ly thit b s dng trong vic kho st dng sng hoc o c cc thng s k thut ca mch in, hy di chuyn con tr n mt biu tng, bng tn ca thit b s hin ra. Nu ng thit b cn chn, ta ch vic click v r chut n v tr d nh t thit b.
tm hiu tnh nng ca tng thit b o kim, hy click vo tng biu tng trong bng sau:
Multimeter: ng h o vn nng (V; O; A; dB). Function Generator: My pht sng: sin, rng ca, vung. Oscilloscope: Dao ng k hai tia. Bode Ploter: My v gin Bode. Word Generator: My pht t (t 16 bits). Logic Analyser: My phn tch mch logic. Logic converter: B chuyn i logic.
BI THC HNH C BN: ELECTRONIC WORKBENCH 5.12. Cc phn trong phn ny l cc bi thc hnh c bn cc bn lm quen vi cc s dng chng trnh, cc bi tp n gin vi 6 bi nh sau
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Bi 1: Mch chnh lu Bi 2: Mch khuch i Bi 3: Mch dao ng 555 Bi 4: Thanh ghi dch Bi 5: Mch m Bi 6: n giao thng
BI 1: MCH CHNH LU
Kho st mch chnh lu bn k nh hnh v sau:
1.Mc ch - yu cu : - Gip cho cc bn cng c kin thc v mch chnh lu . Nm vng nguyn l hot ng v cch thit k mch chnh lu theo s nguyn l . Bit cch la chn cc linh kin t thanh cng c v o c cc thng s k thut ca mch nh vo cc thit b o. - Lm quen dn vi cc nt cng c trong phn mm EWB 5.12. - Hiu su hn v mch chnh lu thng qua bi tp.
2.Cc bc tin hnh : thit k mch in trn, cc bn cn phi khi ng chng trnh Electronics WorkBench bng cch chn lnh Start > Programs > Electronics WorkBench > Electronics WorkBench.
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Sau khi khi ng chng trnh EWB, mn hnh EWB xut hin v chng ta s tin hnh m phng mch in ny theo cc bc nh sau :
Bc 1: Ly linh kin. Cc bn hy dng chut nhp vo biu tng linh kin diode m hp linh kin ny. Trong hp linh kin ny, nhn chut vo nt Diode, ko n vo mn hnh thit k v t ti v tr thch hp. Sau nhn vo nt ng hp linh kin ny li. Tip theo bn hy nhp chut vo hp linh kin Basic, m ca s Basic. Trong ca s Basic va m, bn hy chn nt c biu tng in tr v ly n ra mn hnh tng t nh ly diode (xem cc bc ny phn thc hnh). Do chng trnh mc nh i vi in tr l nm ngang v vy, cn phi xoay cho in tr nm dc bng cch nhp chut chn in tr cn xoay sao cho in tr bin thnh mu , v sau nhp chut vo nt Rotate (Phm tt Ctrl + R) trn thanh cng c (lnh ny s xoay linh kin mt gc 900 theo chiu ngc chiu kim ng h). bn trn gc phi ca hp linh kin
Sau khi nhp vo nt Rotate, in tr s xoay mt gc 900 so vi lc u. Trong hp linh kin Basic, chn t in khng cc tnh (Capacitor), nhn v ko n vo mn hnh thit k, t vo v tr thch hp v th chut. Cng nh i vi in tr, t in cng nm ngang theo ch mc nh ca chng trnh v cc bn hy dng lnh Rotate xoay t in ny theo chiu dc tng t nh cch xoay in tr trnh by trn. V cng chnh trong ca s Basic, cc bn dng chut nhp v gi vo biu tng bin th. Nhng trong mch chnh lu bn k th cc bn phi ly bin th khng c
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im gia. Ri sau , ko biu tng vo trong mn hnh thit k v t ti v tr thch hp v th chut ra. Sau , ng ca s ny li bng cch nhp vo nt Close c hnh gc trn bn phi ca ca s Basic.
ly ngun cung cp cho mch th cc bn hy dng chut nhp vo biu tng ngun Sources. Lc ny , ca s Sources hin ra. Khi ca s ngun hin ra, cc bn ch cn nhp v gi chut vo biu tng ngun AC Voltage Source. Sau , ko biu tng ngun v t vo v tr m cc bn cn thit k, ri th chut. Trong hp linh kin Sources cn m, bn hy chn Ground v ko n vo ca s thit k, t vo v tr thch hp v th chut. Bc 2 : Sp xp cc linh kin theo nh s nguyn l. Mun di chuyn linh kin th cc bn lm nh sau : dng chut nhp v gi linh kin cn di chuyn. Sau , r chut ti mt v tr m mong mun, ri th chut ra. Bn c th chnh sa v tr cho cc linh kin theo dng sau:
Bc 3 : Chn tr s v nhn cho linh kin . Trong bi tp ny, gi tr ca cc linh kin l: R = 1K, C = 50mF, V = 24V/50Hz/0 Deg, Diode loi D1N4001. Nhp chut phi vo linh kin th ng (R,L,C...), mt trnh n tri xung s xut hin, nhp chut vo lnh Component Properties. Ca s Properties ca linh kin tng ng s xut hin, trong bng Label hy nhp tn R vo Label, gi tr vo bng Value.
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Nhp chut vo nt OK khi nhp xong.
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Nhp chut phi vo Diode, mt trnh n s s xung. Trong trnh n ny, bn hy nhn chut chn lnh Component Propeties. Ca s Diode Properties xut hin. Trong ca s ny, hu ht cc linh kin u c t ch mc nh (default) l l tng (ideal). Do , chn loi Diode D1N4001 th cc bn hy chn lnh Models v chn tn nh sn xut linh kin l internat trong ct Library . Sau , hy chn loi D1N4001 trong ct Model.
Cui cng, chn nhp chut vo nt OK. Nhp chut phi vo ngun AC Voltage Source, trong trnh n s xung hy chn lnh Component Properties.
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Sau khi chn lnh Component Properties, ca s AC Voltage Source Properties xut hin. Trong ca s ny, bn hy chn lnh Value v tin hnh thay i gi tr ca ngun bng cch nhp gi tr 24 (n v V) trong Voltage(V); nhp gi tr 50 vo Frequency (n v Hz). Sau hy nhn OK chp nhn cc thng s va nhp vo.
Bc 4 : Ni mch theo s nguyn l c th ni mch c d dng v nhanh chng th cc bn hy tin hnh nh sau. t mi tn con tr ngay ti mt chn ca cun s cp bin p sao cho xut hin mt chm en, lc ny nhp v gi chut ri ko n u dng ca ngun in. Khi thy ti y cng xut hin mt chm en th cc bn hy th chut ra. Kt qu l ta c mt ng ni mch.
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t con tr ngay ti chn cn li ca cuc s cp bin p sao cho xut hin chm en, ri ko chut n u m ca ngun in. Khi thy xut hin chm en th hy th chut ra.
t mi tn con tr ngay ti chn Anode ca Diode, sao cho xut hin du chm en. Sau bn hy ko chut n mt u th cp ca bin p, khi thy xut hin chm en th hy th chut ra.
t mi tn con tr chut ngay ti chn Catode ca Diode sao cho xut hin chm en, ri ko chut n chn dng ca t in. n khi thy xut hin chm en ti chn dng th bn hy th chut ra.
t con tr chut ngay ti chn in tr, khi xut hin chm en th hy ko chut n ni vi im gia ca on dy ni Diode v t in sao cho xut hin chm trn nh ri th chut.
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t mi tn con tr chut ti chn cn li ca in tr sao cho xut hin chm en ri ko chut n ni vi mass.
`t mi tn con tr ngay ti chn cn li cha ni dy ca t in, sau khi xut hin chm en th nhp chut v ko n im gia on dy ni ca in tr v Mass. Khi thy xut hin mt vng trn nh th bn hy th chut ra.
t mi tn con tr chut ti u cn li ca cun th cp bin p, khi xut hin du chm en th nhp chut v ko n im ni Mass chung ca t in v in tr.
Lu : C i khi, cc bn cng thc hin cch ni mch nh trn, nhng ng ni mch khng c kt dnh li vi nhau. Lc ny, cc bn phi lu n vic kt ni ca chn linh kin, i vi mt chn linh kin ch cho php cc bn kt ni c mt ln. Cho nn, khi cc bn ni thm mt chn linh kin khc vo gia 2 chn linh kin
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ni to thnh mt nt c 3 ng ( hoc 4 ng ) th phi m bo khong cch gia 2 chn linh kin ln, c th thc hin vic kt ni. Mi mt nt ch c th kt ni c ti a 4 ng dy. Nu trong qu trnh kt ni m cc dy ni khng c ngay thng th cc bn ch cn: dng chut nhp vo ng dy ang ni (ng dy khng ngay thng) v gi chut, ri sau ko chut iu chnh li sao cho thng hng v th chut (nh hnh 1,2,3,4 bn di).
Sau khi thc hin giai on ni dy, ta s c mt mch in hon chnh nh sau:
Ngoi ra, cc bn cn c th chn mu sc cho ng dy ni bng cch nh sau: chn ng dy cn i mu sc v nhp p chut (nhp 2 ln lin tip) vo ng dy. Lc ny, c mt ca s hin ra. Sau , cc bn chn mu sc nh mun v nhp vo OK. Kt qu l ng dy ni s hin ra ng mu m cc bn chn
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Bc 4 : Kho st mch chnh lu bn k. Sau khi cc bn kt ni mch hon chnh, tin hnh vic kho st dng sng ca mch in th cc bn cn phi ly cc thit b o kim v ni vo trong s mch in nh sau
Trong qu trnh kho st mch, mun xem c dng sng ch cn cc bn nhp p chut vo ngay ti thit b o, lc ny thit b o s c phng to v c th trong mch dao ng ny thit b o l dao ng k. Kt qu s c c mt mn hnh dao ng k kch c ln tin cho vic kho st dng sng. Mt khc mun tng kch c ca mn hnh dao ng k ln hn na th cc bn nhp chut vo nt Expand, nt ny pha trn ca mn hnh dao ng k. Mun thu nh li ging nh hnh dng ban u, cc bn hy nhp chut vo nt Reduce. Sau khi tt c c chun b hon chnh th cc bn bt u cho mch hot ng. mch hot ng c cc bn nhp nt Activate simulation (nt ny nm bn gc phi ca mn hnh EWB).
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Sau khi mch hot ng th cc bn tin hnh n vic lu li s mch in, do lu c s mch in ny th ta phi thc hin nh sau. Cc bn c th lu li bng cch nhn chut vo nt Save trn thanh cng c
3. Ghi nhn kt qu: bn k dng, ti u anode in p dng hn u Catode nn Diode dn. bn k m th diode ngng dn. Sng ng ra ca mch chnh lu bn k c dng nh sau: Khi gi tr t in nh:
Khi tng gi tr ca t:
T nhng kt qu ghi nhn c nh trn, d dng rt ra nhn xt: diode chnh lu chuyn ngun xoay chiu thnh mt chiu; gi tr t5 in cng ln sng dng in
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p ng ra cng phng. in p trung bnh trn ti c th o c bng Voltmeter. T nhng kt qu ghi nhn c nh trn, d dng rt ra nhn xt: diode chnh lu chuyn ngun xoay chiu thnh mt chiu; gi tr t in cng ln sng dng in p ng ra cng phng. in p trung bnh trn ti c th o c bng Voltmeter.
4. Bi tp cng c: Hy thit k mch chnh lu ton sng s dng bin p c im gia c s dng b lc L, C. Nhn xt v lc phng sng dng in p trn ti khi: - Ti cng sut ln. - Ti cng sut b.
BI 2:MCH KHUCH I
Hy m phng mch khuch i sau :
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1.Mc ch - yu cu: - Cng c kin thc v mch khuch i, nm vng nguyn l hot ng v cch thit k mch in theo s l thuyt. Bit cch la chn linh kin t thanh cng c v o c cc thng s k thut ca mch nh vo cc thit b o. - S dng tt cc cng c o kim.
2.Cc bc tin hnh : Trc tin ta cn phi khi ng chng trnh EWB bng cch: chn lnh Start > Programs > Electronics WorkBench > Electronics WorkBench. Lc ny trn mn hnh s xut hin giao din chnh ca chng trnh EWB 5.12.
Bc 1:
Ly linh kin
Khi ly Transistor cc bn dng chut nhp vo biu tng linh kin transistor.
Sau khi ca s Transistor hin ra. Cc bn hy dng chut nhp v gi vo biu tng Transistor loi NPN. V sau , ko biu tng linh kin Transistor vo trong mn hnh thit k mch, ri t linh kin ti v tr thch hp ni thit k v th chut. Lc ny, cc bn s c c mt linh kin Transistor.
Nhp chut vo hp cng c Basic c hnh in tr. Lc ny, ca s Basic hin ra. Cc bn hy nhp v gi chut vo biu tng linh kin in tr bn trong ca s Basic. Sau , cc bn ko biu tng linh kin in tr v t vo ti v tr thch hp trong mn hnh thit k, ri th chut. Lc ny, cc bn s c c mt
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linh kin in tr. C tip tc thc hin nh cch trn th cc bn s c c 5 in tr. Cng trong ca s Basic trn, cc bn hy nhp v gi chut vo biu tng linh kin t in. C th trong mch khuch i ny, cc bn phi ly t in c cc tnh (Polarized Capacitor), sau cc bn ko biu tng linh kin t in v t vo v tr thch hp trong mn hnh thit k, ri th chut. Kt qu cc bn c c t in. Thc hin tng t, ta s c 3 t in.
ly n hin th cho mch khuch i th cc bn hy nhp chut vo biu tng led 7 on (Indicators). Lc ny, ca s Indicators hin ra. Bn hy di chuyn con tr vo biu tng n hin th mang tn: Decoded Bragraph Display v nhp gi chut vo biu tng; ko biu tng vo mn hnh thit k v t ng v tr thch hp; ri th chut. Kt qu l cc bn c c mt n hin th.
Sau khi ly xong tt c cc linh kin th cc bn tin hnh ti vic ly ngun cung cp cho mch hot ng. Nhp chut vo biu tng ngun Source.
Khi ca s ngun Source hin ra, cc bn hy nhp v gi chut vo biu tng ngun Battery v ko biu tng vo mn hnh thit k v t ti v tr thch hp, ri th chut ra. Sau cc bn cng nhp v gi chut vo biu tng ngun in p xoay chiu (mang tn: AC Voltage Source) ri ko biu tng y vo mn hnh thit k; t ti v tr thch hp v th chut ra.
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Cng chnh ca s Sources, cc bn ly lun ng Ground nh sau: nhp v gi vo biu tng Mass. Sau ko biu tng vo trong mn hnh thit k mch v t ti v tr thch hp, ri th chut. Thc hin tng t c 5 im Mass. Sau khi ly v sp xp linh kin nh trnh by bi tp 1 th cc bn c s mch in hnh v nh sau :
- Bc 2 :
Chn tr s v nhn cho linh kin .
Cch chn li tr s v nhn cho tng linh kin ca mch in sao cho cc gi tr ph hp vi yu cu ca mch cn thit k. Do , cch chn tr s v nhn ny c trnh by trong cc bi tp trc, cho nn ngi thc hin khng trnh by li. Bn cnh , s trnh by cho cc bn cch g ch ting vit trong Workbench v cch chn tr s in p cho n hin th, gip cho sng ht led trong n hin th. Cch g ch ting vit trong Workbench : g ch ting vit trong Workbench th cc bn hy lm nh sau: mch in, trn n hin th c ghi ch Hin th, nhm ch thch cho ngi xem bit c trong mch in linh kin l ci g. Cch thc hin nh sau: Cc bn hy di
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chuyn con tr n biu tng c k hiu ch M v nhp chut (k hiu mang tn: Miscelaneous).
Lc ny, ca s hin ra ngay pha di biu tng, ch cn cc bn nhp v gi chut vo biu tng k hiu ch A nm bn trong ca s (k hiu mang tn : Textbox), sau ko biu tng vo mn hnh thit k, ri th chut. K tip , cc bn nhn nt phi chut vo ch A, trong trnh n s xung hy chn lnh Component Properties v kt qu l c mt ca s Textbox hin ra nh sau :
Trong Textbox, bn hy nh ch HIN TH vo chn li phong ch bng nhp chut vo nt Set Font. Khi ny, li c thm mt ca s Font hin ra: cc bn chn Font VNI-Times, Font style: Bold, Size:16. Cui cng, di chuyn con tr vo nt OK v nhp chut.
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Lu : Mc d khi chn Set Font ri nhng ch ca bn s hin ra di dng mt Font khc. Khi ny cc bn vn c nhn OK thot ra khi hp Textbox, sau nhp v gi chut vo biu tng ch A; ko ch HIN TH ra; t vo mn hnh thit k; th chut. Kt qu s c c ch vi Font VNI - Times. Mun di chuyn cc ch th ging nh cch di chuyn cc linh kin vy.
Cch chn tr s in p cho n hin th : lm c iu ny th cc bn hy nhp p chut vo ngay n hin th. Lc ny, s c mt ca s Decoded Bargraph Display Properties.
Cc bn hy lu n bin tn hiu ti ng ra cao nht l bao nhiu t c chia cho 10.V ly gi tr mt phn in vo cho mc mang tn: Lomest segment turn-on voltage(VL). y chnh l mc in p nh nht cho php mt
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n led trong n hin th sng. Cn mc mang tn Highest segment turn-on voltage(VH), chnh l mc in p cao nht cho 10 n led sng trong n hin th. Trong mch in ny, bin tn hiu ra cao nht l khong 21 mV n 22 mV. Do ,cc bn cn phi in vo mc VL: 2 mv v mc VH: 21 mV, nhm mc ch cho 10 bng n led ca n hin th u sng ht theo s bin thin ca bin tn hiu ti ng ra.
Bc 3 : Ni mch theo s nguyn l c th ni mch c d dng v nhanh chng th cc bn hy tin hnh nh sau : Cc bn t mi tn con tr ngay ti v tr chn linh kin, sao cho chn linh kin c xut hin du chm en. Lc ny, nhp v gi chut, sau cc bn ko chut ti chn linh kin cn ni v cho ti chn linh kin cng xut hin du chm en th cc bn th chut, kt qu cc bn s c mt ng ni mch . Cc bn hy da vo cch ni dy, ln lt to thnh mt mch in nh hnh v trn ca bi ton. - Bc 4 : Kho st mch khuch i dng transistor.
Sau khi cc bn kt ni mch hon chnh v tin hnh n vic kho st dng sng ca mch in th cc bn cn phi ly cc thit b o kim theo cch ly linh kin nh trnh by trn, v ni vo trong s nguyn l nh mch in yu cu
Trong qu trnh kho st mch, mun xem c dng sng ch cn cc bn nhp p chut vo ngay ti thit b o, lc ny thit b o s c phng to v c th trong mch schmitt trigger ny thit b o l dao ng k. Kt qu s c c mt mn hnh dao ng k kch c ln tin cho vic kho st dng sng. Mt khc mun tng kch c ca mn hnh dao ng k ln hn na th cc bn nhp chut vo nt Expand. Mun thu nh li ging nh hnh dng ban u, bn hy nhp chut vo nt Reduce. Sau khi tt c c chun b hon chnh th cc bn bt u cho mch hot ng . mch hot ng c cc bn
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nhp nt Activate simulation (nt ny nm bn gc phi ca mn hnh EWB). Sau khi mch hot ng th cc bn tin hnh n vic lu li s mch in bng cch nhn chut vo nt Save trn thanh cng c. Khi ca s Save Circuit File xut hin.
t tn cho mch in bn va thit k vo khung File name. Sau nhp vo nt Save, vy l mch in ca bn c t tn l Amplifier.ewb v tn ny s nm gc trn bn tri ca mn hnh thit k.
3. Kt lun : in p ng ra ca mch khuch i nh sau
Sng ng ra ca mch khuch i dng transistor c dng nh sau:
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4/ Bi tp cng c: Thit k mch khuch i y-ko (push-pull) ch B v AB. Nhn xt v si dng sng in p v nhy ca mch.
BI 3: MCH DAO NG (555)

Kho st mch dao ng s dng IC 555 c s nguyn l nh sau:
1.Mc ch - yu cu :
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- Cng c kin thc v vi mch 555, mt vi mch lai (hybrid) rt ni ting v tnh ph dng ca n. Nm vng nguyn l hot ng v cch thit k mch s dng IC 555 . Bit cch la chn cc linh kin t thanh cng c v o c cc thng s k thut ca mch nh vo cc thit b o. - S dng thng tho cc thit b o kim phn tng t.
2.Cc bc tin hnh : thit k mch in trn, cc bn cn phi khi ng chng trnh Electronics WorkBench bng cch chn lnh Start > Programs > Electronics WorkBench > Electronics WorkBench. Sau khi khi ng chng trnh EWB, mn hnh EWB xut hin v chng ta s tin hnh v s mch in ny theo cc bc nh sau :
-Bc 1 : Ly linh kin. Cc bn hy dng chut nhp vo th vin vi mch lai m hp linh kin cha IC 555. Trong hp linh kin ny, nhn chut vo nt 555; ko n vo mn hnh thit k v t ti v tr thch hp. Sau nhn vo nt Close (c hnh du X) bn trn gc phi ca hp linh kin ng hp linh kin ny li. Tip theo bn hy nhp chut vo hp linh kin Basic m ca s Basic. Trong ca s Basic va m, bn hy chn nt c biu tng in tr (Resistor) Do chng trnh mc nh i vi in tr l nm ngang v vy, cn phi xoay cho in tr nm dc bng cch nhp chut chn in tr cn xoay sao cho in
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tr bin thnh mu , v sau nhp chut vo nt Rotate (Phm tt Ctrl + R) trn thanh cng c (lnh ny s xoay linh kin mt gc 900 theo chiu ngc chiu kim ng h).
Sau khi nhp vo nt Rotate, in tr s xoay mt gc 900 so vi lc u. Trong hp linh kin Basic cn ang m, chn t in khng cc tnh (Capacitor), nhn v ko n vo mn hnh thit k, t vo v tr thch hp v th chut.
Cng nh i vi in tr, t in cng nm ngang theo ch mc nh ca chng trnh v cc bn hy dng lnh Rotate xoay t in ny theo chiu dc tng t nh cch xoay in tr trnh by trn .
V cng chnh trong ca s Basic, cc bn dng chut nhp vo biu tng bin th (ly bin th khng c im gia). Ri sau , ko biu tng vo trong mn hnh thit k v t ti v tr thch hp v th chut ra. Sau , ng ca s ny li bng cch nhp vo nt Close c hnh ch X gc trn bn phi ca ca s Basic.
ly ngun cung cp cho mch th cc bn hy dng chut nhp vo biu tng ngun Sources.
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Lc ny, ca s Sources hin ra .
Khi ca s ngun hin ra, cc bn ch cn nhp v gi chut vo biu tng ngun Battery. Sau , ko biu tng ngun v t vo v tr m cc bn cn thit k, ri th chut. Trong hp linh kin Sources cn m, bn hy chn im ni t c biu tng ni t (Ground) v ko n vo ca s thit k, t vo v tr thch hp v th chut.
Bc 2 : Sp xp cc linh kin theo nh s nguyn l. Mun di chuyn linh kin th cc bn lm nh sau : dng chut nhp v gi linh kin cn di chuyn. Sau , ko chut ti mt v tr m mong mun, ri th chut ra.
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Bc 3 : Chn tr s v nhn cho linh kin. Trong bi tp ny, gi tr ca cc linh kin l: R1= 6,8K; R2=3,3K; C = 0,1uF; C2 = 0,01uF; R3 = 12K; V = 5VDC. iu chnh gi tr cho cc linh kin, ta ln lt thc hin nh sau: Nhp chut phi vo in tr R1, mt trnh n s s xut hin, nhp chut vo lnh Component Properties. Ca s Resistor Properties s xut hin, trong bng Label hy nhp tn R vo Label.
Nhp chut vo nt OK khi nhp xong. Nhp chut phi vo t in C, trong trnh n s xung hy nhp chut chn lnh Component Properties nhp tng t nh trn.
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Nhp chut phi vo ngun Battery, trong trnh n s xung hy chn lnh Component Properties. Sau khi chn lnh Component Properties,trong ca s ny, bn hy chn lnh Value v tin hnh thay i gi tr ca ngun bng cch nhp gi tr 5 (n v V) trong Voltage(V). Sau hy nhn OK chp nhn cc thng s va nhp vo.
Bc 4 : Ni mch theo s nguyn l. Sau khi thc hin giai on ni dy, ta s c mt mch in hon chnh nh sau:
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Ngoi ra, cc bn cn c th chn mu sc cho ng dy ni bng cch nh sau: chn ng dy cn i mu sc v nhp p chut (nhp 2 ln lin tip) vo ng dy. Lc ny, c mt ca s hin ra. Sau , cc bn chn mu sc nh mun v nhp vo OK. Kt qu l ng dy ni s hin ra ng mu m cc bn chn.
Bc 4 :
Kho st mch chnh lu bn k.
Sau khi cc bn kt ni mch hon chnh, tin hnh vic kho st dng sng ca mch in th cc bn cn phi ly cc thit b o kim v ni vo trong s mch in nh sau
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Trong qu trnh kho st mch, mun xem c dng sng ch cn cc bn nhp p chut vo ngay ti thit b o, lc ny thit b o s c phng to v c th trong mch dao ng ny thit b o l dao ng k. Kt qu s c c mt mn hnh dao ng k kch c ln tin cho vic kho st dng sng. Mt khc mun tng kch c ca mn hnh dao ng k ln hn na th cc bn nhp chut vo nt Expand, nt ny pha trn ca mn hnh dao ng k. Mun thu nh li ging nh hnh dng ban u, cc bn hy nhp chut vo nt Reduce. Sau khi tt c c chun b hon chnh th cc bn bt u cho mch hot ng. mch hot ng c cc bn nhp nt Activate simulation (nt ny nm bn gc phi ca mn hnh EWB). Sau khi mch hot ng th cc bn tin hnh n vic lu li s mch in, do lu c s mch in ny th ta phi thc hin nh sau. Cc bn c th lu li bng cch nhn chut vo nt Save trn thanh cng c (xem trong phn thc hnh).
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t tn cho mch in va thit k vo khung File name, sau nhp vo nt Save, vy l mch in ca bn c t tn l Rectifier.ewb v tn ny s nm gc trn bn tri ca mn hnh thit k.
3. Kt lun :
Sng ng ra ca mch chnh lu bn k c dng nh sau :
d dng hn trong vic tnh ton v quan st, click nt Expand phng to mn hnh dao ng k.
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in p trn t dao ng gia hai tr s Vcc/3 v 2Vcc/3.
4. Bi tp cng c : Hy thit k mch dao ng a hi dng vi mch 555 c tn s sng dng ng ra khng i nhng iu khin c t l gia Ton v Toff ( thi gian ng ra mc cao v thi gian ng ra mc thp)
BI 4: THANH GHI DCH
M phng thanh ghi dch dng Flip-Flop D nh hnh v sau:
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1. Mc ch-Yu cu: - Lm quen dn vi vic v mch in cn m phng c th nh cch ly cc linh kin t thanh cng c, cch ni dy trong chng trnh Electronics WorkBench v tin hnh m phng. T cng c kin thc v mch ghi chuyn m phng theo IC 74164. - S dng c cc th vin linh kin s v cc thit b phn tch s. 2. Trnh t m phng: Khi ng chng trnh Electronics WorkBench bng cch chn lnh Start > Programs > Electronics WorkBench > Electronics WorkBench. Ngay sau mn hnh lm vic ca chng trnh xut hin vi mt ca s thit k cn trng. Tin hnh thit k mch in trn trong ca s thit k theo cc bc nh sau : BC 1: Ly linh kin ra mn hnh thit k. Trc tin bn cn c 4 Flip - Flop D loi D Flip-Flop with Ative Low Asynch Input chn trn thanh cng c hp linh kin Digital. Nhp chut vo m hp linh kin ny ra.
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Trong ca s Digital hy chn D Flip-Flop with Ative Low Asynch Input.
Nhp chut ln linh kin ny sao cho ti con tr xut hin biu tng ca linh kin th bn ko n vo trong ca s thit k v th chut ra. Sau bn lp li theo cch trn 3 ln na c 4 Flip - Flop D loi D FlipFlop with Ative Low Asynch Input. Tip theo bn cn phi ly 4 bng n bng cch a con tr chut chn hp linh kin Indicator trn thanh cng c.
Nhp chut vo hp linh kin ny m ca s Indicator. Trong ca s va m, bn hy con tr chn Red Probe c hnh biu tng ca bng n.
Nhn chut v ko bng n vo ca s thit k, t vo v tr thch hp v th chut. Thc hin tng t vi 3 flip-flop cn li. Sau ly cc cng NOT trong hp linh kin Logic Gate (c biu tng cng NAND), bn hy chn n trn thanh cng c bng cch a con tr t vo cc hp linh kin v tn ca hp linh kin Logic Gate s xut hin ngay di con tr.
Nhp chut vo hp linh kin ny m ca s Logic Gate v chn NOT Gate.
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Nhn chut v ko vo trong mn hnh thit k, t vo v tr thch hp v th chut. K n ly 3 cng tc Switch trong hp linh kin Basic (c biu tng hnh in tr), bn hy chn n trn thanh cng c bng cch a con tr t vo cc hp linh kin v tn ca hp linh kin s xut hin ngay di con tr. Nhp vo hp linh kin ny m ca s Basic.
Tm cng tc Switch trong ca s va m v ko n vo trong mn hnh thit k, t vo v tr thch hp v th chut.
Tip tc ly thm ba cng tc na theo cch tng t. Ly ngun v Mass ging nh cc bi tp trc.
Trong mn hnh thit k by gi c cc linh kin cn thit cho mch in chng ta cn thit k.
BC 2: t tn v cc thuc tnh cho cc linh kin. Bn chn linh kin t tn bng cch a con tr chut n v nhp chut ln linh kin ny sao cho linh kin chuyn thnh mu .
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Sau chn nt lnh Component Properties trn thanh cng c. K n bn hy chn vo bng Label bng cch nhp chut vo tn bng Label. Trong bng Label bn s thy hai khung mu trng, khung th nht dng t tn cho linh kin sinh vin ang chn, hy a chut nhp vo khung ny sao cho c mt thanh mu en nhp nhy trong khung, lc ny bn hy nh vo : FF1.
Sau khi nh tn cho linh kin xong, bn nhp vo nt OK kt thc qu trnh t tn. Sau khi nhp nt OK th Flip - Flop D th nht s c tn l FF1. Thc hin tng t vi cc bng Models, Fault, Display (xem hng dn cc Ph lc). Tng t nh cc Flip - Flop D, hy nhp nt phi vo cng NOT m ca s NOT Gate Properties t tn cho cng NOT trong bng Label v trong bng Models chn Default trong Library; chn ideal trong Model. V kt thc bng cch nhp vo nt OK.
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Tng t cch lm trn i vi 4 bng n: L1, L2, L3, L4. i vi cc cng tc, hy m ca s Switch Properties nh cch trn. bng gi tr (Value) trong Key c ch Space do chng trnh mc nh, y l phm dng iu khin cng tc nn bn c th thay i bng cch a con tr chut nhp vo trng ri nh chng ln gi tr c. V d nh k t A, sau nhp chut vo bng Label t tn cho cng tc. Trong bng Label, bn nh ch Preset vo trng Label v nhp vo nt OK kt thc qu trnh t tn cho cng tc. Sau khi nhp nt OK, cng tc c t tn s c tn l Preset v phm iu khin l A (khi bn nhn phm A trn bn phm, tip im ny s thay i trng thi). K n bn t tn cho cng tc th hai l Clock v phm iu khin l S, cng tc th ba l Clear v phm iu khin l D. Sau kim tra nh cng tc Preset. B ngun pin c mc nh l 12 V, bn c th thay i gi tr ny bng cch m ca s Battery Properties nh i vi cc linh kin trn c trnh by. Trong bng Value ( gi tr ) bn c th thay i gi tr in p bng cch thay gi tr khc trong Voltage. V d nh chn gi tr l 5.
Bn cng c th thay i n v ca in p bng cch nhp chut vo mt trong hai nt mi tn ln hoc xung chn n v ph hp cho mch in. Trong ny c 4 mc n v : mV, mV, V v kV.
Trong mch in ny chng ta s chn ngun Pin l 5V. Sau khi chn xong, bn chn OK kt thc. Xem trn mn hnh ngun c thay i gi tr l 5V.
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BC 3: Tin hnh ni mch in. Bt u t cc Flip - Flop D vi cc chn Preset ni chung vi nhau bng cch a con tr chut n chn Preset ca FF1 sao cho u con tr xut hin mt chm en.
Nhn chut v ko n chn Preset ca FF2 sao cho ti y cng xut hin mt chm en v ng mch ni hai chn li vi nhau. Th chut, chng trnh s t ng ni mch.
ng mch khng c thng do ta c th chnh sa li cho thng bng cch chuyn con tr ti nhp vo im ni mu en, con tr s bin thnh hnh bn tay.
Gi chut v ko im ni ny ln pha trn v th chut ra. ng mch s c sa li thng.
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Trong qu trnh ni dy nu ni sai chn, v d nh ni chn Q ca FF1 vi chn D ca FF2 m li ni sai vi chn Ck ca FF2.
Bn c th g ra bng cch sau : a chut nhp vo ng mch ni sai, khi ng mch s c t m.
Sau nhp vo nt Delete trn bn phm, chng trnh s hi bn l : Delete selected items? (Xo biu tng chn?) v bn chn: Yes (ng ); hoc No (khng ng ) chn li.
Nu chn Yes ng mch s b xo v bn tin hnh ni li. Ni cc chn Clear v Ck li vi nhau bng cc cch ni dy nh trn. ng mch ni kh quan st do bn c th chnh sa li bng cch a con tr nhp vo ng mch v gi chut, khi con tr s bin thnh du hiu mi tn hai chiu.
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Nu ng mch nm ngang th mi tn ch hng ln xung, ng mch nm dc th mi tn ch hng tri phi. Sau khi in chnh li bn tip tc thc hin cho cc chn Ck cn li. Ni chn Q ca FF4 vi ng vo ca cng NOT v ng ra ca cng NOT ni vi chn D ca FF1. Ni cc bng n v cc cng tc vo cc v tr nh hnh sau :
Ni ngun dng ca pin vi cc chn chung ca cc cng tc v u cn li ca ngun ni vi Mass. Ti y l hon tt bc ni mch. Bn c th lu li bng cch chn File (Alt + F) trn thanh trnh n. Trong trnh n File bn chn v nhp chut vo Save A. Ca s Save Circuit File xut hin. Sau nhp vo nt Save, vy l mch in ca bn c t tn l mch 74164.ewb.
+ Bc 4 : Kim tra mch.
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kim tra mch c hot ng hay khng bn hy nhp chut vo cng tc ngun pha bn phi trn thanh cng c (Activate simulation). Mch in c cp ngun, lc ny ng ra ln 1 lm n sng (mu ), cn nu mc 0 n khng sng (gi nguyn trng thi). Bn hy bt cc cng tc theo bng sau v in vo bng nhng trng thi ca cc bng n. Cng tc bt ln l mc cao v bt xung l mc thp ( Mc cao = 1, mc thp = 0, xung Clock tc ng cnh ln ). Preset Clear Clock L1 L2 L3 L4 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
3. Kt lun: Vi mch in thanh ghi dch trn bn c th thit k mt mch n qung co n gin c chng trnh thay i c thng qua vic thay i cch phn hi t cc ng ra v li ng vo. Cho mch hot ng hiu r hn nguyn l hot ng ca IC 74164. 4. Bi tp cng c:
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Hy thit k mch m nh phn khng ng b MOD 10, m ln, s dng FF D c xung clock tc ng theo cnh ln.
BI 5: MCH M
M phng mch m nh hnh sau:
1. Mc ch - Yu cu : Lm quen vi vic s dng phm phi ca chut lm tt trong EWB 5.12, c th trong bi dng gi nhiu linh kin cng mt chng loi. Cng c li nhng kin thc v IC m 7490 v IC gii m 7447. 2. Cc bc tin hnh m phng mch in : Khi ng chng trnh Electronics WorkBench bng cch nhp chut vo nt Start > Programs > Electronics WorkBench> Electronics WorkBench. - Bc 1 : Ly linh kin vo mn hnh thit k . Nhp chut vo hp linh kin Digital ICs m hp linh kin ny.
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Nhp chut vo IC 7490 (Decade Counter) trong th vin sao cho thanh sng mu xanh xut hin, nhp chut vo nt Accept ly IC 7490. IC 7490 s xut hin ngay di hp linh kin Digital ICs v c mu .
Nhn chut vo IC 7490; ko vo mn hnh thit k; t vo v tr thch hp v th chut. IC 7447 s xut hin di hp linh kin Digital ICs; nhn chut vo, ko vo mn hnh thit k, t vo v tr tch hp v th chut. Nhp chut vo hp linh kin Indicators m hp linh kin ny.
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Lm theo cch ny ly thm 5 cng NOT vo mn hnh thit k.
Tip theo ly 2 ngun +Vcc vo mn hnh thit k.
Trong ca s Sources, ly 2 ngun +Vcc, im ni t Ground; ko n vo mn hnh thit k, t vo v tr thch hp v th chut. Sau khi ly y cc linh kin vo mn hnh thit k, mn hnh s c dng sau:
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- Bc 2 : Tin hnh ni dy cc linh kin theo s nguyn l trn. - Bc 3 : Do tnh cht ca mch in, vic cn chnh y ch yu cc thit b o kim. C th: Gip vic quan st s chuyn trng thi trong mch m c d dng, chnh my pht sng dng nh sau:
- Bc 4 : Ghi nhn kt qu. Qua bi tp trn, cc bn c th thy c hot ng ca IC 7447 v IC 7490 thng qua bng trng thi v mch in c th. 3/ Bi tp cng c: Hy thit k mch m sn phm vi yu cu c th nh sau: - m ti a 1000 sn phm. - Xo c s "s 0" v ngha. V d: 007 ch hin th s 7. - Reset c mch m.
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BI 6: N GIAO THNG
Hy m phng mch in iu khin n giao thng sau.
1. Mc ch -Yu cu : - Cng c li kin thc v mch dao ng to xung vung dng IC 555, Flip-Flop D v cc cng logic. - Gii thiu v cc thit b phn tch mch logic. - Thng tho cch ly linh kin trong EWB 5.12. 2. Cc bc tin hnh: Khi ng chng trnh Electronics WorkBench bng cch nhp chut vo nt Start > Programs > Electronics WorkBench > Electronics WorkBench.
- Bc 1 : Ly linh kin.
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Cc bn s ly IC 555 bng cch chn hp linh kin Mixed ICs trn thanh cng c. Nhp chut vo hp linh kin ny v chn 555 Timer c biu tng IC 555.
Nhn chut v ko IC 555 vo mn hnh thit k, t vo v tr thch hp trong mn hnh thit k v th chut. Tip theo hy nhp chut vo hp linh kin Digital m hp linh kin ny.
Trong hp linh kin ny, nhn chut vo nt D Flip-Flop with Ative Low Asynch Inputs, ko n vo mn hnh thit k, t vo mn hnh thit k v th chut. Trong hp linh kin ny, nhn chut vo nt 2-Input AND Gate, ko n vo mn hnh thit k, t vo v tr thch hp v th chut. Hy ly 4 cng AND vo mn hnh thit k.
Trong hp linh kin Digital cn ang m hy nhn chut vo nt NOT Gate, ko vo mn hnh thit k, t vo v tr thch hp v th chut.
Nhp chut vo hp linh kin Basic m hp linh kin ny.
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Trong hp linh kin ny, nhn chut vo nt Resistor, ko n vo mn hnh thit k, t vo v tr thch hp v th chut. Hy ko vo mn hnh 8 in tr. Trong hp linh kin Basic cn ang m, chn t in khng cc tnh (Capacitor), nhn v ko n vo mn hnh thit k, t vo v tr thch hp v th chut, cc bn s cn c 2 t in. Trn thanh cng c cc bn hy chn hp linh kin Sources c biu tng ngun Pin v nhp chut vo n m hp linh kin. Trong hp linh kin Sources, cc bn hy nhn chut vo biu tng ngun Pin (Battery) v ko n vo ca s thit k t vo v tr thch hp v th chut. Trong hp linh kin Sources cn m, bn hy chn MASS c biu tng ni t (Ground) v ko n vo ca s thit k, t vo v tr thch hp v th chut. Cc bn s cn n hai Ground. Nhp chut vo hp linh kin Indicators m hp linh kin ny. k n nhn chut vo nt Red Probe, ko n vo mn hnh thit k, t vo v tr thch hp v th chut. Hy ly 6 bng n Red Probe. (Tt c cc linh kin th ng va nu hng dn cch ly cc bi tp trc) Xoay chn ca bng n li cho ph hp vi mch in bng cch nhn chut vo mt v tr pha trn bn tri ca bng n trn cng, ko n v tr pha di ca bng n cui cng, mt hnh ch nht bao ly tt c cc bng n xut hin, hy th chut chn tt c cc bng n cng mt lc.
Cc bng n c chn s c mu , nhp chut ln nt Flip Horizontal xoay linh kin theo chiu ngang i din.
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Trong hp dng c, hy nhn chut vo nt Logic Analyser v Oscilloscope, ko vo mn hnh thit k, t vo v tr thch hp v th chut.
- Bc 2: t tn v thay i gi tr cho cc linh kin. Mch dao ng s to ra thi gian xung dng l t+=8s v thi gian xung m l t-=2s. T cng thc trn ta chn t C1=470mF; R2=6K; R1=18K; C2 = 0.01mF. Nhp chut phi vo in tr R1, mt trnh n s s xung, nhp chut vo lnh Component Properties. Ca s Resistor Properties s xut hin, trong bng Value hy nhp s 18 vo Resistance v n v chn K. Nhp chut vo nt OK khi nhp xong cc thng s trn chp nhn. Sau khi in tr R1 c thay tr s mi l 18K. Tng t nh in tr R1, hy thay tr s ca R2 = 6K. Cc in tr cn li vn gi tr mc nh l 1K. Nhp chut phi vo t in C1, trong trnh n s xung hy nhp chut chn lnh Component Properties.
Trong ca s Capacitor Properties nhp gi tr 470 vo Capacitance v trong n v l mF.
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Nhp vo nt OK khi chp nhn cc thng s va nhp. Thc hin tng t i vi t C2 = 0.01mF Nhp chut phi vo cng NOT m trnh n s. Nhp chut chn lnh Component Properties (tng t nh trn). Trong ca s NOT Gate Properties, chn loi cmos trong Library v chn HC trong Model. iu ny c ngha l IC thuc h Cmos v c tc cao H.
Nhp chut vo bng Label m bng Label.
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Trong bng Label nhp tn ca cng NOT vo Label. Nhp chut vo nt OK chp nhn nhng thng s nhp vo.
Hy lm tng t i vi Flip- Flop D. Trong bng Label hy nhp tn FF v trong bng Model hy chn loi cmos trong Library v chn HC trong Model. Hy lm tng t i vi Flip- Flop D. Trong bng Label hy nhp tn FF v trong bng Model hy chn loi cmos trong Library v chn HC trong Model. Cc cng AND hy lm tng t nh trn trong ca s 2-Input AND Gate . t tn cho cc cng AND theo th t t trn xung cho tng cng AND l G1, G2, G3, G4 trong bng Label; chn cmos trong Library v chn HC trong Model ca bng Model trong ca s 2Input AND Gate.
M ca s Red Probe Properties bng cch nhp nt phi chut vo bng n u tin trn cng v chn Component Properties trong trnh n s xung.
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Trong ca s Red Probe Properties hy nhp tn ca bng n ny l X1 (xanh th 1) trong bng Label. Nhp chut vo bng Model, chn cmos trong Library v HC trong Model.
Nhp chut vo bng Choose Probe v chn loi n hin th, trong bng ny c ba loi mu theo th t t trn xung l mu: Red (); Green (xanh l); Blue (xanh dng). i vi bng n ny th chn loi xanh dng, hy nhp chut vo ch Blue Probe sao cho mt du chm xut hin trong trn bn cnh. Sau khi chn xong cc thng s cn thit th nhp chut vo nt OK. Vi cc bng n cn li hy lm tng t v theo th t t trn xung. Bng th 1 2 3 4 5 6 Bng Label Label X1 V1 1 X2 V2 2 Bng Model Library Cmos Cmos Cmos Cmos Cmos Cmos Model HC HC HC HC HC HC Bng Choose Probe Blue Green Red Blue Green Red
- Bc 3 : Ni dy
Hy bt u t chn s 1 ca IC 555, chn ny c k hiu l GND (Ground) v vy y l chn ni t ca IC, a con tr chut n chn s 1 sao cho ti y
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xut hin 1 chm en. Nhn v ko n v tr ca im ni t sao cho ti y cng xut hin 1 chm en v ng dy ni hai im hin ra. Khi thy chm en im ni t xut hin th hy th chut, hai im s t ni vi nhau.
K n l chn s 2 (TRI) ca IC, hy ni chn s 2 vi t C1 bng cch nhn chut vo chn s 2 sao cho ti y xut hin 1 chm en. Sau khi ni dy, mch in IC 555 s c hnh nh sau:
Nhn chut vo chn s 3 ca IC 555 v ko im ny n ng vo ca cng NOT.
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V nh chut
Nhn chut vo chn Ck ca Flip-Flop D v ko im ny n on dy va ni chn s 3 ca IC 555 vi ng vo ca cng NOT v th chut.
Nhn chut vo mt chn ca cng AND _ G1; ko im ny n im ni ti ng vo ca cng NOT; th chut.
Nhn chut vo chn cn li ca G1; ko im ny n chn Q ca FF; v th chut.
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C tun t ni dy nh trn cho n khi c mch in nh sau:
lu tp tin ta thc hin tng t nh cc bi tp trc.
- Bc 4 : Phn tch mch. Nhp p chut vo my o dng sng Oscilloscope m mn hnh hin th ca my o. Chnh Time base mc 1s/div v h s in p ti knh A l 5V/Div Nhp p chut vo my phn tch Logic (Logic Analyzer) m mn hnh hin th ca my. Trong mn hnh hin th hy chnh Clocks per division gi tr l 1. Nhp chut vo nt Set trong khung Clock m ca s Clock Setup.
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Trong ca s Clock Setup, nhp s 1 vo Internal clock rate v n v chn l Hz. Cc gi tr khc t ch mc nh. Sau nhp chut vo nt Accept chp nhn nhng thng s trong ca s.
Nhp chut vo thanh tiu ca my o trn mn hnh hin th (thanh c ghi tn ca my o) di chuyn mn hnh n v tr thch hp v th chut. Tng t nh vy i vi my o dng sng Oscilloscope. Sau khi di chuyn cc my o sao cho d quan st mch in nht th mn hnh thit k c dng nh hnh trn. Nhp chut vo nt Activate simulation trn thanh cng c cp ngun cho mch hot ng (tng t cc bi trc). Cn c vo my phn tch Logic ta thy c dng sng ti cc n c iu khin bi cc cng Logic v qua mch in ta d dng tm c biu thc hm cho mi n.
Thi gian n xanh dng s bng 8s v n xanh lc (i din cho n vng) s l 2s v thi gian cho n s l tng thi gian sng ca hai n xanh dng v xang lc bng 10s.
3. Kt lun :
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Mch in hot ng da trn cc biu thc hm ca cc cng AND v NOT, in p ng ra s cp cho cc bng n sng. Thi gian ca n xanh dng s bng thi gian ca xung dng ca IC 555 ti ng ra. Thi gian ca n xanh lc s bng thi gian ca mc 0 ca IC 555 ti ng ra. Da vo cng thc tnh thi gian ca xung dng v mc 0 ca IC 555 c th tng hoc gim thi gian sng ca cc bng n.
4. Bi tp cng c: Hy thit k mch n giao thng c th ng dng ra thc t ti mt ng t giao l vi yu cu c th nh sau: - C th chn c 1 trong 4 ch lm vic sau: * ng quyn: Thi gian dnh cho tn hiu n xanh v cho hai ng nh nhau. * u tin 1: n A = 2/3 B (tnh v thi gian). * u tin 2: n A = 1/2 B (tnh v thi gian). * V khuya: t 21h n 6h sng hm sau, ch c n vng nhp nhy. - Thi gian tr cc n c th chnh trong mt khong rng v trn (chnh nhng vn tun th theo t l iu khin trn). - Thit k thm 2 n dnh cho ngi i b: n ny ch sng khi n l sng.
THC HNH NNG CAO

Bi 1: Mch iu khin rng xung Bi 2: Mch n Organ Bi 3: Mch n qung co Bi 4: Thanh ghi dch Bi 5: Mch m Bi 6: n giao thng
BI 1: MCH IU KHIN RNG XUNG

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Thit k mch iu khin rng xung s dng trong iu khin thyristor.
1/ Bi gii: Trong cc ng dng khng yu cu v tuyn tnh khi kch dn thyristor, ngi ta thng ngh ngay n UJT, PUT hay hai transistor tng ng... Nhng trong mt s ng dng c tnh t ng ho cao, cc s trn thng khng tho mn. Lc ny c th c nhiu gii php khc nhau v mt trong cc gii php l ng dng mch in n gin sau.
Vi mch in trn, vic iu tit gc kch dn thyristor c iu tit thng qua vic iu khin in p ng vo V- ca OP-AMPS 741. Ng ra ca OP-AMPS ny c th thng qua mch m kch dn thyristor. Khi lp mch in trn, bn cn lu nguyn l lm vic ca cc khi vic cn chnh c d dng.
Khi bn tri ca s chnh l khi to xung rng ca. Khi ny gi chc nng ng b ho vic kch dn thyristor. iu chnh gi tr ca in tr v t trong mch s thay i dc sn xung ln v xung ca xung rng ca. in p ngun xoay chiu ly ngay trn li xoay chiu m bn lp thyristor (c th trong mch li in 50 Hz). Hai diode khng c yu cu c bit.
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Nu bn lp ng, kim tra sng dng trn mch s c dng nh hnh bn tri (ng mu l sng sine 12VAC/50Hz/0 , ng b vi in p li v ng mu xanh l sng rng ca m bn cn to ra c tn s trng kht vi tn s li.
OP-AMPS y gi chc nng so snh hai tn hiu in p ng vo: mt ca sng rng ca; mt ca in p iu khin DC
Tu vo mc in p DC iu khin, gc kch dn thyristor s thay i theo. C th: - Hnh a: ta chnh V- = 3VDC (thng qua vic cn chnh t s gia hai in tr). - Hnh b: ta chnh V- = 6VDC.
Hnh a
Hnh b
R rng vic dch mc ng mu (mc DC) lm thay i Ton v Toff ca sng dng ng ra OP-AMPS. T s thay i gc kch dn thyristor.
1/ Bi tp m rng: Hy lp thm Thyristor cng ph ti v kho st sng dng, kim tra tuyn tnh gia in p iu khin t vo V- vi Vti.
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BI 2: MCH N ORGAN
Thit k mch m phng mt cy n organ s dng bn phm lm phm nhn. 1/ Bi gii: Phn mm EWB 5.12 cho php to mt cy n organ bng chnh bn phm my tnh ca bn. Tu vo tn s m thanh m bn gn cho mi phm nhn m khi bn nhn vo mch s cho php pht ra tng m thanh vi m sc khc nhau tng ng vi phm s m bn nh trc. Gi s bn mun gn cho cc phm t s 1 n s 0, mi phm mt tn s tng ng: 330Hz; 440Hz; 550Hz; 770Hz; 880Hz; 990Hz ... Trc tin phi thit k mt mch dao ng tn s 330Hz v lu li di tn Pulse-01. Sau dng lnh Subcircuit i mch dao ng ny thnh mt mch tch hp ch a ra cc chn iu khin ri lu li di tn khc, v d nh "Pulse".
Tun t dng lnh Copy v Paste sao chp v dn mch Pulse-01 c s thay i vi tham s ca t in v in tr mch dao ng mt tn s ring bit nh nu trn v lu li vi cc tn khc nhau v d nh pulse-02; pulse-03 .... C tip tc cho n mch th chn. M trang thit k mi v dng lnh Copy v Paste dn tt c cc mch in ph t Pulse-01 n Pulse-09 vo ca s lm vic ny. Cng trong trang ny, ly thm cc cng tc c nh thi (nh thi gian pht ra mi khi nhn phm), bng cch click vo ca s cng c Basic, gi Time-Delay Switch.
Sau gi tip b chung t hp cng c Indicators:
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Sau khi ly chn b cng tc v chn b chung, ni mch chng li vi nhau v hiu chnh thng s cho cc linh kin, ta c ca s thit k nh sau:
Cui cng bt cng tc ngun. Mi khi bn nhn vo mt phm t 1 n 9 mch s pht ra cc bp vi m sc tng ng vi tn s m bn ci t. Lu : Vi phn mm EWB 5.12, loa my tnh ca bn s khng pht ra m thanh nu bn s dng Win NT hay Win XP.
2/ Bi tp m rng: Hy thnh lp mt chui 8 m thanh lin tip c cao tng dn pht ra trn my ca bn mi khi nhn phm a.
BI 3: MCH N QUNG CO
Thit k mch n qung co s dng EPROM.
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1/ Bi gii: Trong th vin ca EWB 5.12 khng c EPROM nhng c my pht t chc nng tng t nh cc IC nh: c th np chng trnh vo v chn mode chy cho cc chng trnh. Vi bi ton ny, trc tin ta gi my pht t trong hp cng c Instruments.
Sau gi tip cc bng n trong hp cng c Indicators v lp vo mn hnh m phng nh hnh.
Click p ln bin tng ca my pht th np d liu v chn ch lm vic cho my pht t (tng ng EPROM). Tu vo s thch c nhn, bn c th np vo cc chng trnh m bn thch. y gio trnh xin c chng trnh iu khin cc bng n sng lan dn t tri sang phi (xem hnh di).
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Ngoi ra, trong my pht t bn cng c th ghi vo ri ct dnh hoc gi cc chng trnh c sn trong EWB 5.12. Mun vy ban hy click vo Pattern.Mt hp thoi nh sau s hin ra:
Nu bn chn v click vo Shift right, mt mng d liu iu khin cc n dch phi t ng np vo my pht t.
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Sau khi np xong d liu, hiu chnh li cc thng s v a ch, cc ch Cycle, Burst, Step v Breakpoint (xem trong phn Ph lc) chng trnh chy theo mun ca bn. 2/ Bi tp m rng: Hy thit k mt ng h bo gi hin 24 gi trong ngy.
BI 4: XC XC IN T
Thit k b xc xc in t.
1/ Bi gii: Cc dp l tt, hi h, khi vui chi vi bn b i lc cc bn s dng con xc xc (x ngu) trong cc tr chi nh c c nga, c t ph ... u im ca b xc xc ny c l ai cng r, nhng nhc im xc sut khng ng u gia 6 s v thi gian gia cc ln quay s qu ln ca chng c th hon ton c khc phc nu nh bn s dng b xc xc in t sau.
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B xc xc s hin th ngay lp tc mt s mi ngay sau khi bn nhn nt lc xc xc. Nt ny chnh l nt Pause trn mn hnh ca bn. Trc tin, bn phi gi ra 7 bng n m phng mt b hin th t s 1 n s 6 ging nh xc xc tht bng cch gi cc n t hp cng c Indicators.
Sau xp chng theo dng sau:
Gi my pht t ni vi 7 bng n vo cc ng ra tn hiu ca my pht t (khng nht thit phi theo th t).
Sau np d liu vo my sao cho mi t trong my pht t khi pht ra iu khin 7 bng trn hin th mt trong su s t 1 n 6 ca ht xc xc nh hnh sau (chng trnh np cc bn t vit, nu khng vit c hy xem bi gii Phn Ph lc):
chy chng trnh, u tin bn chnh my pht t chy t a ch t 0000H n 0005H v chn mode step (chy tng bc d dng kim tra cc sai st c kh nng xy ra). Sau khi khng cn sai st, chn mode cycle tn s 1KHz. mt thi im bt k, s c mt trong su s ca b hin th xut hin trn mn hnh. Do tc dch chuyn tun t gia cc s hin th qu cao nn ta khng th nhn ra c con s ang hin th. Nhng khi bn nhn Pause, my pht t ngng pht v dng mt s bt k.
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Do vy, con s m bn thy trn mn hnh mang tnh ngu nhin, xc sut ng 1/6. thun tin trong vic s dng, bn c th phng to ht c giao din ca xc xc d quan st.
Giao din ca ht xc xc lc bn cha nhn nt Pause trn EWB 5.12. Mi khi bn tc ng vo nt Pause trn mn hnh EWB 5.12, giao din ca ht xc xc s dng li mt s bt k trong su s trn, nu nhp tip vo Pause giao din li tip tc lun chuyn gia cc s...C nh vy, bn s mt ht xc xc va to (bng c mn hnh my tnh), va nhanh c s (ngay lp tc sau mi ln nhp chut), xc sut chnh xc 1/6. Bn hy th xem... chc cuc chi vui v. 2/ Bi tp m rng: Bn hy thit k "chic nn k diu" nh trn VTV3 th xem, khng kh u!
BI 5: MCH BNH BU DN
Thit k mch biu quyt ly kin a s cho 5 thnh vin tham gia.
1/ Bi gii: y l mt bi ton dng thit k mch logic t hp, vi 5 bin ng vo c t tn A, B, C, D, E v mt hm ng ra Y. Ng ra ny s ln 1 nu a s ng vo ln 1 hoc ngc li. Vi dng mch ny, trc tin bn hy gi b chuyn i logic (Logic Converter) t hp cng c Instruments.
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Chn 5 ng vo bt k trn b chuyn i logic (Logic Converter) tng ng vi 5 bin ng vo A, B, C, D, E. Mn hnh s hin ra nh sau:
Click chut vo trng thi ng ra Y u tin trong bng trng thi trn.
Ri tun t in cho tt c cc trng thi hin hu trong mch.
Sau click vo
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Ta s thy hm logic ca mch in trn xut hin ca s mu trng bn di b chuyn i logic. Nhng hm logic ny cha c ti gin. hm c gn hn, tip tc click .
n y nu bn ch mun ly hm logic th c th t m ln kt qu ca hm va tm c nhn Ctrl+C ri m ti liu cn lu kt qu ny nhn Ctrl+V.
Ta lu c kt qu sau: Y = ACE+ACD+ABE+ABD+BDE+ABC+BCE+BCD+CDE.
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Nhng nu bi yu cn phi c mch logic, bn ch vic click . hay
Mn hnh s hin cho bn mch logic ca hm trn bng cc cng logic ring l (trong trng hp hnh di th tt c u l cng NAND).
Mch logic trn s gn hn nu v li bng PAL (Programmable Array Logic). 1/ Bi tp m rng: Hy thit k mt mch n cu thang iu khin t 4 v tr c lp nhau.
BI 6: MCH CHUYN I ADC-DAC

Thnh lp mch chuyn i tng t - s ri s - tng t. T tm hiu mi lin quan gia hai th gii s v tng t.
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1/ Bi gii: Th no l mt my tng m k thut s, trung thc ca n l thuc vo cc yu t g? Bi tp ny s gip cc bn c iu kin hiu hn v nhng vn trn. M chng trnh EWB 5.12 v thnh lp mch in sau (y l mt v d c sn trong th mc COMPLEX cc bi v d mu)
Linh kin ch lc trong bi tp ny chnh l hai vi mch ADC v DAC, chng c s chn nh sau:
Vi mch ADC c phn cc chuyn tn hiu tng t t u vo Vin ( ly t ngun in p hnh sine sang tn hiu s 8 bit vi chn nhn tn s ly mu SOC (Sampling Oscillation) ly t my pht xung.
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Ngun Vref c cp bng ngun 15VDC. Vi mch cho php d liu xut ra lin tc nh chn OE (Outputs Enable). n bo gn vo chn EOC bo hiu hon tt mt chu k ly mu.
ADC c ni thng vi DAC. kim chng vic xut tn hiu trn ADC ngi ta lp vo mch hai LED 7 on c gii m sn hin th ni dung ca d liu s xut ra trn ADC.
DAC nhn tn hiu t ADC xut tn hiu ra OP-AMPS v vi mch thut ton ny m tn hiu ra my dao ng k.
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Sau khi lp xong mch in trn, cp ngun cho mch v quan st trn dao ng k ta nhn thy: - Khi chnh tn s ly mu (thay i tn s ca my pht sng) 1 KHz, sng dng in p ng ra (hin th trn dao ng k) nh sau: Lu : ng l sng dng in p ng vo v ng xanh l sng dng in p ng ra.
- Chnh tn s ly mu ln 3KHz, kt qu dng sng ng ra l:
- Khi chnh xung ch cn 500Hz, sng dng in p ng ra s:
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Nh vy, bn c nhn xt g khi gia tng tn s ly mu ca ADC? Tn s ny cng cao cng tt c phi khng? v c s chn la. Nu bn ngh khng ra mi xem gii p Phn Ph lc.
1/ Bi tp m rng: Hy thit k mt mch pht sng sine, rng ca, vung ... c tn s pht xung chnh c trong mt khong rng v trn. Gi : Bn c th dng My pht t phi hp vi DAC. Xem my pht t nh mt EPROM: thay i ni dung trong my pht t thay i dng sng.
BI 6: MCH CHUYN I ADC-DAC

Thnh lp mch chuyn i tng t - s ri s - tng t. T tm hiu mi lin quan gia hai th gii s v tng t.
1/ Bi gii: Th no l mt my tng m k thut s, trung thc ca n l thuc vo cc yu t g? Bi tp ny s gip cc bn c iu kin hiu hn v nhng vn trn. M chng trnh EWB 5.12 v thnh lp mch in sau (y l mt v d c sn trong th mc COMPLEX cc bi v d mu)
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Linh kin ch lc trong bi tp ny chnh l hai vi mch ADC v DAC, chng c s chn nh sau:
Vi mch ADC c phn cc chuyn tn hiu tng t t u vo Vin ( ly t ngun in p hnh sine sang tn hiu s 8 bit vi chn nhn tn s ly mu SOC (Sampling Oscillation) ly t my pht xung.
Trang 81
Ngun Vref c cp bng ngun 15VDC. Vi mch cho php d liu xut ra lin tc nh chn OE (Outputs Enable). n bo gn vo chn EOC bo hiu hon tt mt chu k ly mu.
ADC c ni thng vi DAC. kim chng vic xut tn hiu trn ADC ngi ta lp vo mch hai LED 7 on c gii m sn hin th ni dung ca d liu s xut ra trn ADC.
DAC nhn tn hiu t ADC xut tn hiu ra OP-AMPS v vi mch thut ton ny m tn hiu ra my dao ng k.
Trang 82

Sau khi lp xong mch in trn, cp ngun cho mch v quan st trn dao ng k ta nhn thy: - Khi chnh tn s ly mu (thay i tn s ca my pht sng) 1 KHz, sng dng in p ng ra (hin th trn dao ng k) nh sau: Lu : ng l sng dng in p ng vo v ng xanh l sng dng in p ng ra.
- Chnh tn s ly mu ln 3KHz, kt qu dng sng ng ra l:
- Khi chnh xung ch cn 500Hz, sng dng in p ng ra s:
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Nh vy, bn c nhn xt g khi gia tng tn s ly mu ca ADC? Tn s ny cng cao cng tt c phi khng? v c s chn la. Nu bn ngh khng ra mi xem gii p Phn Ph lc.
1/ Bi tp m rng: Hy thit k mt mch pht sng sine, rng ca, vung ... c tn s pht xung chnh c trong mt khong rng v trn. Gi : Bn c th dng My pht t phi hp vi DAC. Xem my pht t nh mt EPROM: thay i ni dung trong my pht t thay i dng sng.
Trang 84

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Hng dn s dng electro workbench

HNG DN S DNG PHN MM ELECTRONIC WORKBENCH 5.12

Cc thanh chc nng Th vin linh kin Thit b o kim

PHN THC HNH: Gm

Cc bi thc hnh c bn Cc bi thc hnh nng cao

V TR CA EWB TRONG MN HC C.A.A

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

PHN I : CC THANH CHC NNG

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

1. File: Trong trnh n ny cha cc lnh nh sau:

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

PHN II : TH VIN LINH KIN

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

PHN III: THIT B O KIM

Khi biu tng cc thit b o lng.

c kch chn. Lc ny, ca s Instruments hin ra: cha 7 biu tng ca

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Kho st mch chnh lu bn k nh hnh v sau:

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Nhp chut vo nt OK khi nhp xong.

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Chn tr s v nhn cho linh kin .

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

3. Kt lun : in p ng ra ca mch khuch i nh sau

Sng ng ra ca mch khuch i dng transistor c dng nh sau:

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

BI 3: MCH DAO NG (555)

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Lc ny, ca s Sources hin ra .

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Kho st mch chnh lu bn k.

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Sng ng ra ca mch chnh lu bn k c dng nh sau :

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

in p trn t dao ng gia hai tr s Vcc/3 v 2Vcc/3.

BI 4: THANH GHI DCH

M phng thanh ghi dch dng Flip-Flop D nh hnh v sau:

Hng dn s dng electro workbench

Hng dn s dng electro workbench