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I. Ñònh nghóa
Treân maët phaúng Oxy cho ñöôøng troøn löôïng giaùc taâm O baùn kính R=1 vaø ñieåm M
treân ñöôøng troøn löôïng giaùc maø sñ AM = β vôùi 0 ≤ β ≤ 2π
Ñaët α = β + k2π, k ∈ Z
Ta ñònh nghóa:
sin α = OK
cos α = OH
sin α
tgα = vôùi cos α ≠ 0
cos α
cos α
cot gα = vôùi sin α ≠ 0
sin α
II. Baûng giaù trò löôïng giaùc cuûa moät soá cung (hay goùc) ñaëc bieät
Goùc α ( )
0 0o π
( )
30 o
π
( )
45o
π
( )
60 o
π
( )
90 o
Giaù trò 6 4 3 2
sin α 0 1 2 3 1
2 2 2
cos α 1 3 2 1 0
2 2 2
tgα 0 3 1 3 ||
3
cot gα || 3 1 3 0
3
π π
e.Sai nhau : α vaø + α
2 2
⎛π ⎞
sin ⎜ + α ⎟ = cos α
⎝2 ⎠
⎛π ⎞
cos ⎜ + α ⎟ = − sin α
⎝2 ⎠
⎛π ⎞
tg ⎜ + α ⎟ = − cot gα
⎝2 ⎠
⎛π ⎞
cot g ⎜ + α ⎟ = − tgα
⎝2 ⎠
f.
sin ( x + kπ ) = ( −1) sin x, k ∈ Z
k
tg ( x + kπ ) = tgx, k ∈ Z
cot g ( x + kπ ) = cot gx
sin 4 a + cos4 a − 1 2
Baøi 1: Chöùng minh =
sin 6 a + cos6 a − 1 3
Ta coù:
sin 4 a + cos 4 a − 1 = ( sin 2 a + cos2 a ) − 2sin 2 a cos2 a − 1 = −2sin 2 a cos2 a
2
Vaø:
sin 6 a + cos6 a − 1 = ( sin 2 a + cos2 a )( sin 4 a − sin 2 a cos2 a + cos 4 a ) − 1
= sin 4 a + cos 4 a − sin 2 a cos2 a − 1
= (1 − 2sin 2 a cos2 a ) − sin 2 a cos2 a − 1
= −3sin 2 a cos2 a
sin 4 a + cos4 a − 1 −2sin 2 a cos2 a 2
Do ñoù: = =
sin 6 a + cos6 a − 1 −3sin 2 a cos2 a 3
1 + cos x ⎡ (1 − cos x ) ⎤
2
Baøi 3: Chöùng minh caùc bieåu thöùc sau ñaây khoâng phuï thuoäc x:
a. A = 2 cos4 x − sin 4 x + sin 2 x cos2 x + 3sin 2 x
2 cot gx + 1
b. B = +
tgx − 1 cot gx − 1
a. Ta coù:
A = 2 cos4 x − sin 4 x + sin 2 x cos2 x + 3sin 2 x
⇔ A = 2 cos4 x − (1 − cos2 x ) + (1 − cos2 x ) cos2 x + 3 (1 − cos2 x )
2
2 − (1 − tgx ) 1 − tgx
⇔ B= = = −1 (khoâng phuï thuoäc vaøo x)
tgx − 1 tgx − 1
⎢1 − 2
⎥+ 2 2
− cot g 2 b cot g 2 c = cot ga − 1
2sin a ⎢ sin a ⎥ sin bsin c
⎣ ⎦
Ta coù:
cos2 b − sin 2 c
* − cot g 2 b.cot g 2 c
sin b.sin c
2 2
cotg 2 b 1
= − 2 − cot g 2 b cot g 2 c
sin c sin b
2
( ) ( )
= cot g 2 b 1 + cot g 2 c − 1 + cot g 2 b − cot g 2 b cot g 2 c = −1 (1)
1 + cosa ⎡ (1 − cos a ) ⎤
2
* ⎢1 − ⎥
2 sin a ⎢ sin 2 a ⎥
⎣ ⎦
1 + cosa ⎡ (1 − cos a ) ⎤
2
= ⎢1 − ⎥
2 sin a ⎢ 1 − cos2 a ⎥
⎣ ⎦
1 + cosa ⎡ 1 − cosa ⎤
= 1−
2sin a ⎢⎣ 1 + cosa ⎥⎦
1 + cosa 2 cosa
= . = cot ga (2)
2 sin a 1 + cos a
Laáy (1) + (2) ta ñöôïc ñieàu phaûi chöùng minh xong.
Ta coù: A + B = π − C
Neân: tg ( A + B) = −tgC
tgA + tgB
⇔ = −tgC
1 − tgA.tgB
⇔ tgA + tgB = −tgC + tgA.tgB.tgC
Vaäy: P = tgA.tgB.tgC = tgA + tgB + tgC
AÙp duïng baát ñaúng thöùc Cauchy cho ba soá döông tgA,tgB,tgC ta ñöôïc
tgA + tgB + tgC ≥ 3 3 tgA.tgB.tgC
⇔ P ≥ 33 P
⇔ 3 P2 ≥ 3
⇔P≥3 3
⎧tgA = tgB = tgC
⎪ π
Daáu “=” xaûy ra ⇔ ⎨ π ⇔ A=B=C=
⎪⎩0 < A,B,C < 2 3
π
Do ñoù: MinP = 3 3 ⇔ A = B = C =
3
Baøi 6 : Tìm giaù trò lôùn nhaát vaø nhoû nhaát cuûa
a/ y = 2 sin 8 x + cos4 2x
b/ y = 4 sin x − cos x
4
⎛ 1 − cos 2x ⎞
a/ Ta coù : y = 2 ⎜ ⎟ + cos 2x
4
⎝ 2 ⎠
Ñaët t = cos 2x vôùi −1 ≤ t ≤ 1 thì
1 4
y = (1 − t ) + t 4
8
1 3
=> y ' = − (1 − t ) + 4t 3
2
Ta coù : y ' = 0 Ù (1 − t ) = 8t 3
3
⇔ 1 − t = 2t
1
⇔t=
3
1 ⎛1⎞
Ta coù y(1) = 1; y(-1) = 3; y ⎜ ⎟ =
27 ⎝ 3⎠
1
Do ñoù : Max y = 3 vaø Miny =
x∈ x∈ 27
Neân sin x = 1 − t4
Vaäy y = 1 − t − t treân D ' = [ 0,1]
8 4
−t 3
Thì y ' = − 1 < 0 ∀t ∈ [ 0; 1)
2. (1 − t
8
)
4 7
1
f ( x) = 1 − sin2 2x − m sin 2x
2
Ñaët : t = sin 2x vôùi t ∈ [ −1, 1]
y xaùc ñònh ∀x ⇔ f ( x ) ≥ 0∀x ∈ R
1 2
⇔ 1− t − mt ≥ 0 ∀t ∈ [ −1,1]
2
⇔ g ( t ) = t 2 + 2mt − 2 ≤ 0 ∀t ∈ [ −1, 1]
Do Δ ' = m2 + 2 > 0 ∀m neân g(t) coù 2 nghieäm phaân bieät t1, t2
Luùc ñoù t t1 t2
g(t) + 0 - 0
Do ñoù : yeâu caàu baøi toaùn ⇔ t1 ≤ −1 < 1 ≤ t 2
⎧⎪1g ( −1) ≤ 0 ⎧−2m − 1 ≤ 0
⇔⎨ ⇔ ⎨
⎪⎩1g (1) ≤ 0 ⎩2m − 1 ≤ 0
⎧ −1
⎪⎪ m ≥ 2 1 1
⇔⎨ ⇔− ≤m≤
⎪m ≤ 1 2 2
⎪⎩ 2
Caùch khaùc :
g ( t ) = t 2 + 2mt − 2 ≤ 0 ∀t ∈ [ −1,1]
⇔ max g (t ) ≤ 0 ⇔ max { g (−1), g (1)} ≤ 0
t ∈[ −1,1 ]
⎧ −1
⎪⎪ m ≥ 2
⇔ max {−2m − 1),− 2m + 1)} ≤ 0 ⇔ ⎨
⎪m ≤ 1
⎪⎩ 2
1 1
⇔− ≤m≤
2 2
π 3π 5π 7π 3
Baøi 8 : Chöùng minh A = sin4 + sin4 + sin4 + sin4 =
16 16 16 16 2
7π ⎛π π ⎞ π
Ta coù : sin = sin ⎜ − ⎟ = cos
16 ⎝ 2 16 ⎠ 16
5π ⎛ π 5π ⎞ 3π
sin = cos ⎜ − ⎟ = cos
16 ⎝ 2 16 ⎠ 16
Maët khaùc : sin 4 α + cos4 α = ( sin 2 α + cos2 α ) − 2 sin 2 α cos2 α
2
= 1 − 2sin2 α cos2 α
1
= 1 − sin2 2α
2
π 7π 3π 5π
Do ñoù : A = sin4 + sin4 + sin4 + sin4
16 16 16 16
⎛ π π ⎞ ⎛ 4 3π 3π ⎞
= ⎜ sin 4 + cos4 ⎟ + ⎜ sin + cos4 ⎟
⎝ 16 16 ⎠ ⎝ 16 16 ⎠
⎛ 1 π⎞ ⎛ 1 3π ⎞
= ⎜ 1 − sin 2 ⎟ + ⎜ 1 − sin 2 ⎟
⎝ 2 8⎠ ⎝ 2 8 ⎠
1⎛ π 3π ⎞
= 2 − ⎜ sin 2 + sin 2 ⎟
2⎝ 8 8 ⎠
1⎛ π π⎞ ⎛ 3π π⎞
= 2 − ⎜ sin 2 + cos2 ⎟ ⎜ do sin = cos ⎟
2⎝ 8 8⎠ ⎝ 8 8⎠
1 3
= 2− =
2 2
Baøi 9 : Chöùng minh : 16 sin 10o .sin 30o .sin 50o .sin 70o = 1
A cos 10o 1
Ta coù : A = = (16sin10ocos10o)sin30o.sin50o.sin70o
cos 10 o
cos 10 o
1 ⎛1⎞
o (
⇔ A= 8 sin 20o ) ⎜ ⎟ cos 40o . cos 20o
cos 10 ⎝2⎠
1
o (
⇔ A= 4 sin 200 cos 20o ) . cos 40o
cos10
1
o (
⇔ A= 2 sin 40o ) cos 40o
cos10
1 cos 10o
⇔ A= sin 80 =o
=1
cos10o cos 10o
A B B C C A
Baøi 10 : Cho ΔABC . Chöùng minh : tg tg + tg tg + tg tg = 1
2 2 2 2 2 2
A+B π C
Ta coù : = −
2 2 2
A+B C
Vaäy : tg = cot g
2 2
A B
tg + tg
⇔ 2 2 = 1
A B C
1 − tg .tg tg
2 2 2
⎡ A B⎤ C A B
⇔ ⎢ tg + tg ⎥ tg = 1 − tg tg
⎣ 2 2⎦ 2 2 2
A C B C A B
⇔ tg tg + tg tg + tg tg = 1
2 2 2 2 2 2
π π π π
Baøi 11 : Chöùng minh : 8 + 4tg + 2tg + tg = cot g ( *)
8 16 32 32
π π π π
Ta coù : (*) ⇔ 8 = cot g − tg − 2tg − 4tg
32 32 16 8
cos a sin a cos a − sin a
2 2
Maø : cot ga − tga = − =
sin a cos a sin a cos a
cos 2a
= = 2 cot g2a
1
sin 2a
2
Do ñoù :
⎡ π π⎤ π π
(*) ⇔ ⎢ cot g − tg ⎥ − 2tg − 4tg = 8
⎣ 32 32 ⎦ 16 8
⎡ π π⎤ π
⇔ ⎢ 2 cot g − 2tg ⎥ − 4tg = 8
⎣ 16 16 ⎦ 8
π π
⇔ 4 cot g − 4tg = 8
8 8
π
⇔ 8 cot g = 8 (hieån nhieân ñuùng)
4
⎛ 2π ⎞ ⎛ 2π ⎞
a/ Ta coù : cos2 x + cos2 ⎜ + x ⎟ + cos2 ⎜ − x⎟
⎝ 3 ⎠ ⎝ 3 ⎠
1 1⎡ ⎛ 4π ⎞ ⎤ 1 ⎡ ⎛ 4π ⎞⎤
= (1 + cos 2x ) + ⎢1 + cos ⎜ 2x + ⎟ ⎥ + ⎢1 + cos ⎜ − 2x ⎟ ⎥
2 2⎣ ⎝ 3 ⎠⎦ 2 ⎣ ⎝ 3 ⎠⎦
3 1⎡ ⎛ 4π ⎞ ⎛ 4π ⎞⎤
= + ⎢ cos 2x + cos ⎜ 2x + ⎟ + cos ⎜ − 2x ⎟ ⎥
2 2⎣ ⎝ 3 ⎠ ⎝ 3 ⎠⎦
3 1⎡ 4π ⎤
= + ⎢ cos 2x + 2 cos 2x cos ⎥
2 2⎣ 3⎦
3 1⎡ ⎛ 1 ⎞⎤
= + ⎢cos 2x + 2 cos 2x ⎜ − ⎟ ⎥
2 2⎣ ⎝ 2 ⎠⎦
3
=
2
cos a cos b sin b cos a − sin a cos b
b/ Ta coù : cot ga − cot gb = − =
sin a sin b sin a sin b
sin ( b − a )
=
sin a sin b
sin ( 2x − x ) 1
Do ñoù : cot gx − cot g2x = = (1 )
sin x sin 2x sin 2x
sin ( 4x − 2x ) 1
cot g2x − cot g4x = = ( 2)
sin 2x sin 4x sin 4x
sin ( 8x − 4x ) 1
cot g4x − cot g8x = = ( 3)
sin 4x sin 8x sin 8x
sin (16x − 8x ) 1
cot g8x − cot g16x = = (4)
sin16x sin 8x sin16x
Laáy (1) + (2) + (3) + (4) ta ñöôïc
1 1 1 1
cot gx − cot g16x = + + +
sin 2x sin 4x sin 8x sin16x
2
=1− sin2 2x
4
1
= 1 − (1 − cos 4 x )
4
3 1
= + cos 4x
4 4
b/ Ta coù : sin6x + cos6x
= ( sin 2 x + cos2 x )( sin 4 x − sin 2 x cos2 x + cos4 x )
1
= ( sin4 x + cos4 x ) − sin2 2x
4
⎛3 1 ⎞ 1
= ⎜ + cos 4x ⎟ − (1 − cos 4x ) ( do keát quaû caâu a )
⎝4 4 ⎠ 8
3 5
= cos 4x +
8 8
c/ Ta coù : sin 8 x + cos8 x = ( sin 4 x + cos4 x ) − 2 sin 4 x cos4 x
2
1 2
( 3 + cos 4x ) − sin4 2x
2
=
16 16
2
1 1 ⎡1 ⎤
=
16
( 9 + 6 cos 4x + cos 2
4x ) 8 ⎢⎣ 2
− ( 1 − cos 4x ) ⎥⎦
9 3 1 1
= + cos 4x + (1 + cos 8x ) − (1 − 2 cos 4x + cos2 4x )
16 8 32 32
9 3 1 1 1
= + cos 4x + cos 8x + cos 4x − (1 + cos 8x )
16 8 32 16 64
35 7 1
= + cos 4x + cos 8x
64 16 64
Caùch 1:
Ta coù : sin 3x.sin3 x + cos 3x.cos3 x = cos3 2x
= ( 3sin x − 4 sin 3 x ) sin 3 x + ( 4 cos3 x − 3 cos x ) cos3 x
= 3sin4 x − 4 sin6 x + 4 cos6 x − 3cos4 x
= 3 ( sin 4 x − cos4 x ) − 4 ( sin 6 x − cos6 x )
= 3 ( sin 2 x − cos2 x )( sin 2 x + cos2 x )
−4 ( sin 2 x − cos2 x )( sin 4 x + sin 2 x cos2 x + cos4 x )
= −3 cos 2x + 4 cos 2x ⎡⎣1 − sin 2 x cos2 x ⎤⎦
⎛ 1 ⎞
= −3 cos 2x + 4 cos 2x ⎜ 1 − sin 2 2x ⎟
⎝ 4 ⎠
⎡ ⎛ 1 ⎞⎤
= cos 2x ⎢ −3 + 4 ⎜ 1 − sin 2 2x ⎟ ⎥
⎣ ⎝ 4 ⎠⎦
= cos 2x (1 − sin 2 2x )
= cos3 2x
Caùch 2 :
Ta coù : sin 3x.sin3 x + cos 3x.cos3 x
⎛ 3sin x − sin 3x ⎞ ⎛ 3 cos x + cos 3x ⎞
= sin 3x ⎜ ⎟ + cos 3x ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 4 ⎠ ⎝ 4 ⎠
3 1
= ( sin 3x sin x + cos 3x cos x ) + ( cos2 3x − sin2 3x )
4 4
3 1
= cos ( 3x − x ) + cos 6x
4 4
1
= ( 3cos 2x + cos 3.2x )
4
1
= ( 3 cos 2x + 4 cos3 2x − 3 cos 2x ) ( boû doøng naøy cuõng ñöôïc)
4
= cos3 2x
3 +1
Baøi 16 : Chöùng minh : cos12o + cos18o − 4 cos15o.cos 21o cos 24 o = −
2
Ta coù : cos12o + cos 18o − 4 cos15o ( cos 21o cos 24o )
= 2 cos15o cos 3o − 2 cos15o ( cos 45o + cos 3o )
= 2 cos15o cos 3o − 2 cos15o cos 45o − 2 cos15o cos 3o
= −2 cos15o cos 45o
= − ( cos 60o + cos 30o )
3 +1
=−
2
8 3
Baøi 18 : Chöùng minh : tg30o + tg40o + tg50o + tg60o = cos 20o
3
sin ( a + b )
AÙp duïng : tga + tgb =
cos a cos b
Ta coù : ( tg50 + tg40 ) + ( tg30o + tg60o )
o o
A+B A−B
a/ Ta coù : sin A + sin B + sin C = 2sin cos + sin ( A + B )
2 2
A + B⎛ A−B A + B⎞
= 2 sin ⎜ cos + cos ⎟
2 ⎝ 2 2 ⎠
C A B ⎛ A + B π C⎞
= 4 cos cos cos ⎜ do = − ⎟
2 2 2 ⎝ 2 2 2⎠
A+B A−B
b/ Ta coù : cos A + cos B + cos C = 2 cos cos − cos ( A + B )
2 2
A+B A−B ⎛ A+B ⎞
= 2 cos cos − ⎜ 2 cos2 − 1⎟
2 2 ⎝ 2 ⎠
A+B⎡ A−B A + B⎤
= 2 cos ⎢ cos − cos +1
2 ⎣ 2 2 ⎥⎦
A+B A ⎛ B⎞
= −4 cos sin sin ⎜ − ⎟ + 1
2 2 ⎝ 2⎠
C A B
= 4 sin sin sin + 1
2 2 2
c/ sin 2A sin 2B + sin 2C = 2 sin ( A + B ) cos ( A − B ) + 2 sin C cos C
= 2 sin C cos(A − B) + 2sin C cos C
= 2sin C[cos(A − B) − cos(A + B) ]
= −4 sin Csin A sin( − B)
= 4 sin C sin A sin B
d/ cos2 A + cos2 B + cos2 C
1
= 1 + ( cos 2A + cos 2B ) + cos2 C
2
= 1 + cos ( A + B ) cos ( A − B ) + cos2 C
= 1 − cos C ⎡⎣cos ( A − B ) − cos C ⎤⎦ do ( cos ( A + B ) = − cos C )
= 1 − cos C ⎡⎣cos ( A − B ) + cos ( A + B ) ⎤⎦
= 1 − 2 cos C.cos A.cos B
e/ Do a + b = π − C neân ta coù
tg ( A + B ) = −tgC
tgA + tgB
⇔ = −tgC
1 − tgAtgB
⇔ tgA + tgB = −tgC + tgAtgBtgC
⇔ tgA + tgB + tgC = tgAtgBtgC
f/ Ta coù : cotg(A+B) = - cotgC
1 − tgAtgB
⇔ = − cot gC
tgA + tgB
cot gA cot gB − 1
⇔ = − cot gC (nhaân töû vaø maãu cho cotgA.cotgB)
cot gB + cot gA
⇔ cot gA cot gB − 1 = − cot gC cot gB − cot gA cot gC
⇔ cot gA cot gB + cot gB cot gC + cot gA cot gC = 1
A+B C
g/ Ta coù : tg = cot g
2 2
A B
tg + tg
⇔ 2 2 = cot g C
A B 2
1 − tg tg
2 2
A B
cot g + cot g
⇔ 2 2 = cot g C (nhaân töû vaø maãu cho cotg A .cotg B )
A B 2 2 2
cot g .cot g − 1
2 2
A B A B C C
⇔ cot g + cot g = cot g cot g cot g − cot g
2 2 2 2 2 2
A B C A B C
⇔ cot g + cot g + cot g = cot g .cot g .cot g
2 2 2 2 2 2
A+B A−B
sin cos
1 sin A + sin B 2 2
= =
A
2 cos cos cos B C A B C
cos cos cos
2 2 2 2 2 2
C A−B ⎛ A − B ⎞
cos .cos cos ⎜ ⎟
= 2 2 = ⎝ 2 ⎠
A B C A B
cos .cos .cos cos cos
2 2 2 2 2
⎛ A − B⎞ C A−B A+B
cos ⎜ ⎟ sin cos + cos
⎝ 2 ⎠+ 2 2 2
Do ñoù : Veá traùi = =
A B A B A B
cos cos cos cos cos cos
2 2 2 2 2 2
A B
2 cos cos
= 2 2 =2
A B
cos cos
2 2
Caùch 2 :
B+C A+C A+B
cos cos cos
Ta coù veá traùi = 2 + 2 + 2
B C C A A B
cos cos cos cos cos cos
2 2 2 2 2 2
B C B C A C A C
cos cos − sin sin cos cos − sin sin
= 2 2 2 2 + 2 2 2 2
B C C A
cos cos cos cos
2 2 2 2
A B A B
cos cos − sin sin
+ 2 2 2 2
A B
cos cos
2 2
⎡ B C A C A B⎤
= 3 − ⎢ tg tg + tg tg + tg tg ⎥
⎣ 2 2 2 2 2 2⎦
A B B C A B
Maø : tg tg + tg tg + tg tg = 1
2 2 2 2 2 2
(ñaõ chöùng minh taïi baøi 10 )
Do ñoù : Veá traùi = 3 – 1 = 2
A B C
Baøi 26 : Cho ΔABC . Coù cot g , cot g , cot g theo töù töï taïo caáp soá coäng.
2 2 2
A C
Chöùng minh cot g .cot g = 3
2 2
A B C
Ta coù : cot g , cot g , cot g laø caáp soá coäng
2 2 2
A C B
⇔ cot g + cot g = 2 cot g
2 2 2
A+C B
sin 2 cos
⇔ 2 = 2
A C B
sin sin sin
2 2 2
B B
cos 2 cos
⇔ 2 = 2
A C B
sin sin sin
2 2 2
1 2 B
⇔ = (do 0<B< π neân cos > 0 )
A C A+C 2
sin sin cos
2 2 2
A C A C
cos cos − sin sin
⇔ 2 2 2 2 = 2 ⇔ cot g A cot g C = 3
A C 2 2
sin .sin
2 2
BAØI TAÄP
1. Chöùng minh :
π 2π 1
a/ cos − cos =
5 5 2
cos15 + sin15
o o
b/ = 3
cos15o − sin15o
2π 4π 6π 1
c/ cos + cos + cos =−
7 7 7 2
d/ sin 2x sin 6x + cos 2x.cos 6x = cos3 4x
3 3
e/ tg20o.tg40o.tg60o.tg80o = 3
π 2π 5π π 8 3 π
f/ tg + tg + tg + tg = cos
6 9 18 3 3 9
π 2π 3π 4π 5π 6π 7π 1
g/ cos .cos .cos .cos .cos .cos .cos =
15 15 15 15 15 15 15 27
⎡π ⎤ ⎡π ⎤
h/ tgx.tg ⎢ − x ⎥ .tg ⎢ + x ⎥ = tg3x
⎣3 ⎦ ⎣3 ⎦
k/ tg20o + tg40o + 3tg20o.tg40o = 3
3
e/ sin 20o.sin 40o.sin 80o =
8
m/ tg5 .tg55 .tg65 .tg75 = 1
o o o o
⎧sin x = 2 sin ( x + y )
⎪
2. Chöùng minh raèng neáu ⎨ π
⎪ x + y ≠ ( 2k + 1) ( k ∈ z )
⎩ 2
sin y
thì tg ( x + y ) =
cos y − 2
3. Cho ΔABC coù 3 goùc ñeàu nhoïn vaø A ≥ B ≥ C
a/ Chöùng minh : tgA + tgB + tgC = tgA.tgB.tgC
b/ Ñaët tgA.tgB = p; tgA.tgC = q
Chöùng minh (p-1)(q-1) ≥ 4
4. Chöùng minh caùc bieåu thöùc khoâng phuï thuoäc x :
a/ A = sin 4 x (1 + sin 2 x ) + cos4 x (1 + cos2 x ) + 5 sin 2 x cos2 x + 1
b/ B = 3 ( sin 8 x − cos8 x ) + 4 ( cos6 x − 2 sin 6 x ) + 6 sin 4 x
c/ C = cos2 ( x − a ) + sin2 ( x − b ) − 2 cos ( x − a ) sin ( x − b ) sin ( a − b )
5. Cho ΔABC , chöùng minh :
cos C cos B
a/ cot gB + = cot gC +
sin B cos A sin C cos A
A B C 3A 3B 3C
b/ sin3 A + sin3 B + sin3 C = 3cos cos cos + cos cos cos
2 2 2 2 2 2
A B−C B A−C
c/ sin A + sin B + sin C = cos .cos + cos .cos
2 2 2 2
C A−B
+ cos .cos
2 2
d/ cotgAcotgB + cotgBcotgC + cotgCcotgA = 1
e/ cos2 A + cos2 B + cos2 C = 1 − 2 cos A cos B cos C
f/ sin3Asin(B- C)+ sin3Bsin(C- A)+ sin3Csin(A- B) = 0
6. Tìm giaù trò nhoû nhaát cuûa :
1 1 π
a/ y = + vôùi 0 < x <
sin x cos x 2
9π
b/ y = 4x + + sin x vôùi 0 < x < ∞
x
c/ y = 2 sin 2 x + 4 sin x cos x + 5
7. Tìm giaù trò lôùn nhaát cuûa :
a/ y = sin x cos x + cos x sin x
b/ y = sinx + 3sin2x
c/ y = cos x + 2 − cos2 x
TT luyện thi đại học CLC Vĩnh Viễn