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Wind Load Calculation

85.00 m Height 9.00 m Pitch 5.00 degree 36.00 m

Basic Wind Speed Md Mz,cat Ms Mh I Site Wind Speed Design Wind Speed

35.00 1.00 0.83 1.00 1.00 1.00 29.05 m/s 29.05 m/s

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Aero Dynamic Shape Factor, External Pressure, Cpe Windward Wall Leeward Wall () Normal to long axis Normal to short wall Side Wall 0 to 9m from windward edge 9m to18m 18m to 27m 27m to 36m Roof 0 to 9m from windward edge 9m to18m 18m to 27m 27m to 36m Area Reduction Factor, ka Other cases For wall loads on end frame column (as side wall) : tributary areas ( 9m x 4m = 36m2) For wall loads of 8m-8m wall frame column : tributary areas ( 9m x 8m = 72m2) For roof load on end frame rafter : tributary area (36m x 4m = 144m2 ) For roof load of 8m-8m on frame rafter : tributary areas ( 36m x 8m = 288m2) Internal Pressure, Cpi Permeable wall (whichever greater) Action Combination Factor, kc case 2 other cases

0.80 5.00 -0.50 -0.28

-0.65 -0.50 -0.30 -0.20

-0.90 -0.50 -0.30 -0.20

ka = ka = ka = ka = ka =

1.00 0.85 0.84 0.80 0.80

0.00 0.80 1.00 1.00

Dynamic Respond Factor, Cdyn

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Design wind pressure for portal frame ultimate limit state Design Wind Pressure, P = 0.5 Cfig (ext) Cfig (int) 0.5 Vdes2 All frames Windward wall Cfig (ext) P(ext) P(int) Net pressure across wall surface Leeward wall Cfig (ext) P(ext) P(int) Net pressure across wall surface End frames Roof (0m to 9m) Cfig (ext) P(ext) P(int) Net pressure across wall surface Roof (9m to 18m) Cfig (ext) P(ext) P(int) Net pressure across wall surface Roof (18m to 27m) Cfig (ext) P(ext) P(int) Net pressure across wall surface Roof (27m to 36m) Cfig (ext) P(ext) P(int) Net pressure across wall surface = Cpe Ka Kc = Cpe kc = 543.61

Vdes2 Cfig Cdyn

0.64 0.35 0.00 0.35 kPa

-0.40 -0.22 0.00 -0.22 kPa

-0.72 -0.39 0.00 -0.39 kPa

-0.40 -0.22 0.00 -0.22 kPa

-0.24 -0.13 0.00 -0.13 kPa

-0.16 -0.09 0.00 -0.09 kPa

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-0.22kPa -0.39kPa

-0.13kPa -0.09kPa

0.35kPa

0.22kPa

9m

9m

9m

9m

End frame at South East end Side wall Cfig (ext) P(ext) P(int) Net pressure across wall surface Roof Cfig (ext) P(ext) P(int) Net pressure across wall surface

-0.55 -0.30 0.00 -0.30 kPa

-0.72 -0.39 0.00 -0.39 kPa

0.39kPa

0.39kPa

0.30kPa

0.30kPa

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0.5 Vdes2

= 543.61

Aero Dynamic Shape Factor, External Pressure, Cpe Windward Wall Leeward Wall () Normal to long axis Normal to short wall Side Wall 0 to 9m from windward edge 9m to18m 18m to 27m 27m to 36m Roof 0 to 9m from windward edge 9m to18m 18m to 27m 27m to 36m Area Reduction Factor, ka Other cases For wall loads on end frame column (as side wall) : tributary areas ( 9m x 4m = 36m2) For wall loads of 8m-8m wall frame column : tributary areas ( 9m x 8m = 72m2) For roof load on end frame rafter : tributary area (36m x 4m = 144m2 ) For roof load of 8m-8m on frame rafter : tributary areas ( 36m x 8m = 288m2) Internal Pressure, Cpi Permeable wall (whichever greater) Action Combination Factor, kc

0.80 5.00 -0.50 -0.28

-0.65 -0.50 -0.30 -0.20

-0.90 -0.50 -0.30 -0.20

ka = ka = ka = ka = ka =

1.00 0.85 0.84 0.80 0.80

0.00 0.80

Porous Cladding Reduction Factor, kp Local Pressure Factor, kl 0.25a2 < A a2 A 0.25a2 All other areas

1.00 1.50 2.00 1.00 1.00

Dynamic Respond Factor, Cdyn

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Design wind pressure for wall and roof cladding and supporting structure - ultimate limat state Wall cladding 0.2 b = 0.2(85)=17m 0.2 d = 0.2(36)=7.2m h=9m a= 9m 0.25a2 12.96m2 = a2 = 51.48m2 0.5a = 3.6m For cladding on north west/south east wall area <12.96m2 between 0 and 3.6m from the north east corner (North East wind) Cfig (ext) -1.30 P(ext) -0.71 P(int) 0.00 Net pressure across surface -0.71 kPa For cladding on north west/south east wall area <51.48m2 between 0 and 7.2m from the north east corner (North East wind) Cfig (ext) P(ext) P(int) Net pressure across surface -0.98 -0.53 0.00 -0.53 kPa

For cladding on south west wall area <12.96m2 between 0 and 3.6m from the south east corner (South East wind) Cfig (ext) P(ext) P(int) Net pressure across surface -1.30 -0.71 0.00 -0.71 kPa

For cladding on south west wall area <51.84m2 between 0 and 7.2m from the south east corner (South East wind) Cfig (ext) P(ext) P(int) Net pressure across surface -0.98 -0.53 0.00 -0.53 kPa

For cladding on north west or south west wall area <12.96m2 between 0 and 3.6m from the south west corner (South West wind) Cfig (ext) P(ext) P(int) Net pressure across surface -1.30 -0.71 0.00 -0.71 kPa

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For cladding on north west or south west wall area <51.84m2 between 0 and 7.2m from the south west corner (South West wind) Cfig (ext) P(ext) P(int) Net pressure across surface -0.98 -0.53 0.00 -0.53 kPa

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Roof Cladding For roof cladding element area <12.96m2, on roof between 0 and 3.6m from the north east or south east, edges of roof (North East or South East wind) corner (South West wind) Cfig (ext) P(ext) P(int) Net pressure across element -1.80 -0.98 0.00 -0.98 kPa

For roof cladding element between 12.96m2 and 51.84m2 in area on roof between 0 and 7.2m from the north east or south east, edges of roof : Cfig (ext) P(ext) P(int) Net pressure across element -1.35 -0.73 0.00 -0.73 kPa

For roof cladding area <12.96m2, on roof between 0 and 3.6m from south west, edges of roof (South West wind) Cfig (ext) P(ext) P(int) Net pressure across element -1.80 -0.98 0.00 -0.98 kPa

For roof cladding element between 12.96m2 and 51.84m2, on roof between 0 and 7.2m from south west, edges of roof (South West wind) Cfig (ext) P(ext) P(int) Net pressure across element -1.35 -0.73 0.00 -0.73 kPa

For roof cladding element all areas, on roof between 7.2 and 9.0m from south west, edges of roof (South West wind) Cfig (ext) P(ext) P(int) Net pressure across element -0.90 -0.49 0.00 -0.49 kPa

For roof cladding element all areas, on roof between 9.0 and 18.0m from south west, edges of roof (South West wind) Cfig (ext) -0.50 P(ext) -0.27 P(int) 0.00 Net pressure across element -0.27 kPa

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For roof cladding element all areas, on roof between 18m and 27m from south west, edges of roof (South West wind) Cfig (ext) P(ext) P(int) Net pressure across element -0.30 -0.16 0.00 -0.16 kPa

For roof cladding element all areas, on roof between 27m and 36m from south west, edges of roof (South West wind) Cfig (ext) P(ext) P(int) Net pressure across element -0.20 -0.11 0.00 -0.11 kPa

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Internal Pressure Coefficient i. Pressure to wall ii. Suction from wall Kb Building Height Dynamic Augmentation Factor (1+Cr) Total Pressure Wall i. Pressure at Front ii. Suction at Rear iii. Overall Roof External Pressure Zone A External Pressure Zone B External Pressure Zone C External Pressure Zone E External Pressure Zone F External Pressure Zone G

0.2 0.3 2 11 m 0.04 1.04

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kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa kPa