A MINI PROJECT REPORT ON

CLAP SWITCH

BY PARTH.S.CHOLERA

Department of Electronics and Tele-communication

2011-12

[Type text]

Page 1

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that, the project entitled CLAP SWITCH a bonified record of project work submitted by PARTH.S.CHOLERA in partial fulfillment for degree in EXTC, Mumbai during the year 2011-2012 under my guidance and supervision. DATE: PLACE: Thane

GUIDE (Prof.Pawar)

HEAD OF DEPARTMENT (Prof. A.M.Deshpande)

External Examiner

Principal (Dr.U.D.Kolekar)

[Type text]

Page 2

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is my great pleasure to acknowledge the assistance and contribution of the individuals who co-operated us to complete the project work successfully. First and foremost, I wish to express my deep gratitude and thanks to Prof.A.M.Deshpande Head of department of EXTC and our project guide Prof.Pawar, for their enthusiastic guidance and helping in successful completion of project work. They provided us their precious time for valuable suggestions and encouragement throughout the work. It is foe their patience, guidance and encouragement at all time that this work has shaped up the way it is. A project is teamwork and reflects the contribution of many people. A number people contributed their time and efforts in making their project work a success. We would like to thank everyone who contributed their time and efforts to help in completing the project work.

PARTH.S.CHOLERA SACHIN JAIN SURESH BHATI

[Type text]

Page 3

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Sr. No. Topic
1. 2 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Introduction Block Diagram Circuit Diagram Working of Circuit Component List Advantage & Disadvantage Application Further Modification Bibliography

Page no.
5 6 6 7 8 9 10 10 11

[Type text]

Page 4

INTRODUCTION
This is a project on CLAP SWITCH which can switch on/off any electrical circuit by the sound of the clap. The basic idea of clap switch is that the electric microphone picks up the sound of your claps, coughs, and the sound of that book knocked off the table. It produces a small electrical signal which is amplified by the succeeding transistor stage. Two transistors cross connected as a bistable multivibrator change state at each signal. One of these transistors drives a heavier transistor which controls a lamp. This circuit is constructed using basic electronic components like resistors, transistors, relay, transformer, capacitors. This circuit turns ON light for the first clap. The light turns ON till the next clap. For the next clap the light turns OFF. This circuit works with 12V voltage .Therefore a stepdown transformer 12V/300mA is employed. This working of this circuit is based on amplifying nature of the transistor, switching nature of transistor, relay as an electronic switch .Basically, this is a Sound operated switch.

[Type text]

Page 5

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

BLOCK DIAGRAM

[Type text]

Page 6

WORKING PRINCIPLE
The sound of clap is received by a small microphone that is shown biased by resistor R1 in the circuit. The microphone changes sound wave in to electrical wave which is further amplified by Q1.Transistor Q1 is used as common emitter circuit to amplify weak signals received by the microphone. Amplified output from the collector of transistor Q1 is then feed to the Bistable Multivibrator circuit also known as flip-flop. Flip flop circuit is made by using 2 Transistor, in our circuit Q2&Q3. In a flip-flop circuit, at a time only one transistor conduct and other cut off and when it gets a trigger pulse from outside source then first transistor is cutoff and 2nd transistor conducts. Thus output of transistor is either logic-0 or logic-1 and it remains in one state 0 or 1 until it gets trigger pulse from outer source. The pulse of clap which is a trigger for flip-flop which makes changes to the output which is complementary (reverse). Output of flip-flop which is in the low current form is unable to drive relay directly so we have used a current amplifier circuit by using Q4 which is a common emitter circuit. Output of Q4 is connected to a Relay (Electromagnetic switch), works like a mechanical switch. With the help of a relay it is easy for connecting other electrical appliance. The relay contact is connected to the power line and hence turns on/off any electrical appliance connected all the way through relay.
[Type text] Page 7

COMPONENT LIST
Resistors R1= 15K, R5, R6= 1.5K R2, R11, R12= 2.2M, R13= 2.2K R3= 270K, R4= 3.3K R7, R8= 10K, R9, R10= 27K Capacitors C1=1000f/16v C2=.01f, C3, C4=.047f Semiconductor Q1, Q2, Q3= BC548 Q4= BC368 D2, D3, D4= IN 4148 D1, D5= IN 4007, Misc T1= 12v/500mA Transformer Mic= Condenser Microphone K1= 12V Relay, B1= Bulb or Load

[Type text]

Page 8

ADVANTAGE
Its used to turn something (e.g. a lamp) on and off from any location in the room (e.g. while lying in bed) simply by clapping your hands. It involves an elderly. Also involves mobility-impaired person. Its also used for a light, television, radio, or similar electronic device that the person will want to turn on/off from bed.

DISADVANTAGE
It cumbersome to have to clap one's hands to turn something ON or OFF Also, generally seen as simpler for most use cases to use a traditional light switch. Unnecessary disturbances may occur while using in the Apartments
[Type text] Page 9

FUTURE SCOPE
We can increase the range of this equipment by using better Mic. We can use this as Remote Controller.

APPLICATIONS
Clap switch can be used to switch ON/OFF any electrical appliances such as Tube Light, Fan, Television, Air conditioner, Motor, etc.

[Type text]

Page 10

BIBLOGRAPHY
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_advantages_disa dvantages_and_applications_of_a_clap_switch#ixzz1cOqY 8QQX The on-line textbook : Information Theroy, Interference, and Learning Algorithms,

[Type text]

Page 11