LI CM N

Trong sut qu trnh lm n, chng em lun nhn c s quan tm,

tn tnh truyn t nhng kin thc chuyn mn cn thit v qu bu nht t
pha gio vin hng dn. n nay vi s dn dt ca c chng em hon
thnh n X L Kh SO2 Bng Sa Vi Cng Sut 2000 m3/h.
Chng em xin chn thnh cm n c V Th Thu Nh ngi hng
dn gip chng em hon thnh n ny t kt qu kh quan.
Vic nghin cu v thu thp thng tin t ti liu sch bo, chng em c
th p dng tng kt li nhng kin thc m chng em hc, ng thi rt
ra kinh nghim thc t trong sut qu trnh thc hin n.
Vi kin thc cn hn ch, em mong rng qua n ny, chng em s
nhn c nhiu ng gp qu bu ca thy c nhm gip chng em hiu
thm v vn dng kin thc d c th t kt qu tt hn v sau.
Cui cng em xin chn thnh cm n.

NHN XT CA GIO VIN HNG DN

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im bng s
im bng ch:
Tp.HCM, ngy .thng.nm 2010
(GV hng dn k v ghi r h tn)

NHN XT CA GIO VIN PHN BIN

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im bng s
im bng ch:
Tp.HCM, ngy .thng.nm 2010
(GV hng dn k v ghi r h tn

Chng 1: Tng quan v kh thi SO2

Sunfua dioxit (SO2) l cht nhim ph bin nht trong sn xut cng
nghip cng nh trong cc hot ng ca con ngi. Ngun pht thi ch
yu l t cc trung tm nhit in, t cc l nung, l hi kh t nhin liu
than, du v kh t c cha S hay cc hp cht c cha S. Ngoi ra, mt s
cng on trong cng nghip ha cht, luyn kim cng thi vo kh quyn
mt lng SO2 ng k. Trn th gii hng nm tiu th n 2 t tn than
cc loi v gn 1 t tn du m. Khi thnh phn lu hunh trong nhin liu
trung bnh chim 1% th lng SO2 thi vo kh quyn l 60 triu tn / nm.
l cha k lng SO2 thi ra t cc ngnh cng nghip khc.
Vn nhim kh quyn bi kh SO2 t lu tr thnh mi him
hoi ca nhiu quc gia nht l cc nc pht trin trn th gii. Chnh
nhng l do nu trn, cng ngh x l sunfua dioxit trong kh thi cng
nghip c nghin cu rt sm v pht trin mnh m.
Ngoi tc dng lm sch kh quyn bo v mi trng, x l SO2 cn
c ngha kinh t to ln ca n bi v SO2 thu hi c t kh thi l ngun
cung cp nguyn liu cho cc nh my sn xut axit sunfuaric (H2SO4) v
lu hunh nguyn cht.
Vi tm quan trng nu trn, vn x l SO2 ang c quan tm v
la chn phng php thc hin.
I. c im kh SO2
Lu hunh dioxit l mt trong cc cht ch yu gy nhim mi
trng. N c sinh ra do s t chy cc nhin liu ha thch (than
du kh t), thot vo bu kh quyn v l mt trong nhng nguyn nhn
chnh gy ma axit. Ma axit tn ph nhiu rng cy, cng trnh kin trc
bng v kim loi, bin t ai trng trt thnh nhng vng hoang mc.
Khng kh cha SO2 gy hi cho sc khe con ngi (gy vim phi,
mt,da ).
SO2 l cht kh khng mu, mi kch thch mnh, d ha lng, d ha
tan trong nc vi nng thp ( iu kin bnh thng 1 th tch nc
ha tan vi 40 th tch SO2 ).
SO2 c nhit nng chy -750C v nhit si -100C
SO2 rt bn nhit ( H0tt = - 296,9 kJ/ mol )
Kh SO2 l mt cht kh nhim kh in hnh. SO2 c kh nng ha
tan trong nc cao hn cc kh gy nhim khc nn d phn ng vi c
quan h hp ca con ngi v ng vt.

c tnh chung ca SO2 th hin ri lon chuyn ha protein v

ng, thiu vitamin B v C, c ch enzyme oxydaza.
Khi hm lng thp, SO2 sng nim mc. Khi liu lng cao ( > 0,5
mg/m3) SO2 gy tc th, ho, vim lot ng h hp. Nu ht phi SO2
nng cao c th gy t vong.
Kh SO2 l kh c hi khng ch i vi sc khe con ngi, ng
thc vt m cn tc ng ln cc vt liu xy dng, cc cng trnh kin
trc,lm thit hi ma mng, nhim c cy trng. SO2 c th xm nhp
vo c th con ngi qua cc c quan h hp hoc cc c quan tiu ha
sau khi c ha tan trong nc bt. V cui cng chng c th xm
nhp vo h tun hon. Khi tip xc vi bi, SO2 c th to ra cc ht axit
nh, cc ht ny c th xm nhp vo cc cc tuyn huyt mch nu kch
thc ca chng nh hn 2 3 m. SO2 c th xm nhp vo c th con
ngi qua da v gy ra cc chuyn i ha hc, kt qu ca n l hm
lng kim trong mu gim, ammoniac b thot qua ng tiu v c nh
hng n tuyn nc bt. Hu ht dn c sng quanh khu vc nh my
cc khu cng nghip c nng SO2 u mc bnh ng h hp.
Kh SO2 trong kh quyn khi gp cc cht oxy ha di tc ng ca
nhit , nh sang chng chuyn thnh SO3.
Khi gp nc SO3 + H2O = H2SO4 l nguyn nhn gy nn ma axit gy
thit hi ln, nh hng xu n s pht trin ca thc vt. Khi tip xc
vi mi trng c cha hm lng SO2 t 1 2 ppm trong vi gi c th
gy thng tn l cy. i vi cc loi thc vt nhy cm nh nm, a
y, hm lng 0,15 0,3 ppm c th gy c tnh cp.
S c mt ca SO2 trong khng kh m cn l tc nhn gy n mn
kim loi, b tng v cc cng trnh kin trc. SO2 lm h hng, lm thay
i tnh nng vt l, lm thay i mu sc vt liu xy dng nh vi
hoa cng, cm thch, ph hoi cc tc phm iu khc, tng i.
St, thp v cc kim loi khc trong mi trng kh m, nng v b
nhim SO2 th b han g rt nhanh. SO2 cng lm h hng v gim tui
th cc sn phm vi, nylon, t nhn to, bng da v giy

Sau y l phm vi nng gy c v cc triu chng biu hin

khi nhim kh SO2 .

Nng SO2 trong kh SO2

0,0008 0,013
0,020 0,030
0,05

Tc hi gy c
C th ngi thy mi
C kch thch i vi c hng.
Kch thch mnh i vi c hng gy
ho.

0,130 0,260
1,000 1,200

Chu ng c khong 0,5 n gi.

Trong thi gian ngn c th gy
nhim c nng.

II. C s l thuyt ca phng php hp thu:

1. Gii thiu:
Hp thu l mt qu trnh c bn ca k thut ha hc m tron lnh vc
kim sot nhim khng kh, qu trnh ny cng thng xuyn c ng
dng x l cc hi kh c hi. Hp thu l mt qu trnh truyn khi m
cc phn t cht kh chuyn dch v ha tan vo pha lng. S ha tan
c th din ra ng thi vi mt phn ng ha hc gia cc hp phn gia
pha kh v pha lng hoc khng c phn ng ha hc. Truyn khi thc
cht l mt qu trnh khuch tn m cht kh nhim dch chuyn t
trng thi c nng cao hn n trng thi c nng thp hn. Vic
kh cht kh nhim din ra theo ba giai on:
- Khuch tn cht nhim n b mt cht lng.
- Truyn ngang qua b mt tip xa pha kh / lng ( ha tan ).
- Khuch tn cht kh ha tan t b mt tip xc pha vo trong
pha lng.
S chnh lch nng b mt tip xc pha thun li cho ng lc ca
qu trnh v qu trnh hp thu kh din ra mnh m trong iu kin din
tch b mt tip xc ln, hn lon cao v h s khuch tn cao. Bi v
mt s hp phn ca hn hp kh c kh nng ha tan mi c th ha tan
c trong cht lng, cho nn qu trnh hp thu ch c hiu qu cao khi la
chn dung cht hp thu c tnh ha tan cao hoc nhng dung cht phn
ng khng thun nghch vi cht kh cn hp thu.
2. Cc yu t nh hng n qu trnh hp thu:
- nh hng ca nhit :
Khi cc iu kin khc khng i m nhit thp tng th h s Henry s
tng. Kt qu l nh hng ng cn bng dch chuyn v pha trc tung. Kt

qu lm nh hng ng cn bng dch chuyn v pha trc tung. Nu ng lm

vic AB khng i th ng lc trung bnh s gim. Thm ch c khi thp khng
lm vic c v nhit tng qu so vi yu cu k thut. Nhng nhit tng
cng c li l lm cho nht c hai pha kh v lng tng.
- nh ca p sut:
Nu cc iu kin khc gi nguyn m ch tng p sut trong thp th h s cn
bng s tng v cn bng s dch chuyn v pha trc honh.
Khi ng lm vic AB khng i dn n ng lc trung bnh tng qua trnh
truyn khi s tt hn.
Tuy nhin, vic tng p sut thng km theo s tng nhit . Mt khc, s
tng p sut cng gy kh khn trong vic ch to v vn hnh ca thp hp thu
- nh hng ca cc yu t khc
Tnh cht ca dung mi, loi thit b, cu to thit b, chnh xc ca dng
c o, ch vn hnh thpu c nh hng n hiu sut hp thu.

3. Cc phng php x l:
hp thu kh SO2 c th s dng nc, dung dch hoc huyn ph
ca mui kim loi kim hoc kim pha.
2.1 Hp thu bng nc
Qu trnh xy ra theo s phn ng:

SO2 + H2O H+ + HSO3

Hp thu bng nc l phng php n gin c p dng sm
nht loi b kh SO2 trong kh thi, nht l trong khi t cc loi l
cng nghip.
S h thng x l SO2 bng nc gm 2 giai on:
- Hp th SO2 bng cch phun nc vo dng kh thi hoc cho
kh thi di qua lp vt liu m ( vt liu rng ) cod ti nc
scrub
- Gii thot kh SO2 ra khi cht hp thu thu hi SO2 (nu cn)
v nc sch.
Mc ha tan ca kh SO2 trong nc gim khi nhit nc
tng cao, do nhit nc ct vo h thng hp thu kh SO2 phi
thp. Cn gii thot kh SO2 khi nc th nhit ca nc phi
cao. C th l 1000C th SO2 bc ra mt cch hon ton v trong kh
thot ra c ln c hi nc. Bng phng php ngng t ngi ta c th

thu c kh SO2 vi m c 100% dng vo mc ch sn

xut axit sunfuric.
Lng nc thc t phi ln hn mt t so vi lng nc l
thuyt v nc sau khi ra khi thit b hp thu khng th t ti mc
bo ha kh SO2 .
gii hp thu cn phi un nng mt lng nc rt ln tc phi
c mt ngun cp nhit cng sut ln. Ngoi ra, s dng li nc
cho qu trnh hp thu phi lm ngui nc xung gn 100C tc phi
cn n ngun cp lnh. y l vn khng n gin v kh tn km.
T nhng vn trn phng php hp thu kh SO2 bng nc ch
p dng c khi:
- Nng ban u ca kh SO2 trong kh thi tng i cao.
- C sn ngun cp nhit (hi nc) vi gi r.
- C sn ngun nc lnh.
- C th x c nc c cha t nhiu axit ra sng ngi.
S h thng x l SO2 bng nc:

Hinh 1.1: s x l kh SO2 bng nc

1- thp hp thu; 2- thp gii thot kh SO2 ;

3- thit b ngng t

4,5- thit b trao i nhit;

6- bm

2.2. Hp thu SO2 bng sa vi:

X l SO2 bng sa vi l phng php c p dng rng ri trong
cng nghip v hiu qu x l rt cao, nguyn liu r tin v c sn mi
ni.
Kh SO2 c thu hoi trong thp ra bng sa vi, sa vi c tc dng
vi SO2 theo phn ng:
SO2 + Ca(OH)2 = CaSO3 + H2O
u im ni bc ca phng php ny l cng ngh n gin, chi ph
u t ban u khng ln, c th ch to thit b bng vt liu thng thng,
khng cn n vt liu chng axit v khng chim nhiu din tch xy dng.
S cng ngh:
hnh 1.2: s x l
SO2 bng sa vi.

2.3. x l kh SO2 bng amoniac:

Ammoniac v kh SO2 trong dung dch nc c phn ng vi nhau v
to ra mui trung gian amoni sunfit li tc dng tip vi SO2 v H2O to
ra mui amoni bisunfit theo phn ng sau:
SO2 + 2NH3 = (NH4)2SO3
(NH4)2SO3 + SO2 + H2O = 2NH4HSO3

Lng bisunfit tch t dn trong dung dch c th hon nguyn bng

cch nung nng trong chn khng, kt qu thu c amoni sunfit v SO2.
Amoni sunfit ny li c th s dng tip kh SO2:
2NH4HSO3 (NH4)2SO3 + SO2 + H2O
Ngoi ra, trong dung dch c th xy ra s phn hy sunfit v bisunfit
amoni thnh sunfat amoni v lu hunh n cht theo phn ng sau y:
2NH4HSO3 + (NH4)2SO3 = 2(NH4)2SO4 + S + H2O
Lu hunh n nguyn cht hnh thnh theo phn ng trn n lt
mnh li tc dng vi amoni sunfit v to thiosunfat :
(NH4)2SO3 + S = (NH4)2S2O3
Sau thiosunfat li kt hp vi amoni bisunfit v to ra lu hunh
n cht nhiu hn gp 2 ln:
(NH4)2S2O3 + 2NH4HSO3 = 2(NH4)2SO4 + 2S + H2O
Lu hunh n cht li tc dng vi sunfit. C nh vy tc phn
ng phn hy dung dch lm vic tng dn v dung dch lm vic s hon
ton bin thnh amoni sunfat v lu hunh n cht.
S cng ngh:

Hnh 1.3: S x l SO2 bng ammoniac.

1- scrub; 2,4- thit b lm ngui; 3- thp hp thu nhiu tng;
5- thp hon nguyn; 6- thp bc hi; 7- thng kt tinh
8- my vt kh ly tm; 9- ni chng p.
2.4. X l bng magie oxit (MgO):
Phng php ny da trn cc phn ng sau:
MgO + SO2 = MgSO3
Magie sunfit li tc dng tip vi SO2 cho bisunfit :
MgSO3 + SO2 +H2O = Mg(HSO3)2
Mt phn magie sunfit tc dng vi oxy trong khi thi to thnh sunfat:
2MgSO3 + O2 = 2MgSO4
Magie sunfat khng c hot tnh i vi SO2 do phn ng oxy ha sunfit
l khng mong mun. Tuy nhin khi nng MgSO4 trong dung dch lm
vic t 120 160 g/l th qu trnh oxy ha sunfit trong nc s ngng li
khng tip tc xy ra na.
Magie bisunfit c th b trung ha bng cch b sung thm MgO mi:
Mg(HSO3)2 + MgO = 2MgSO3 + H2O
ha tan ca magie sunfit trong nc rt hn ch, do MgSO3 s kt
ta thnh tinh th hexahydrat MgSO3.6H2O v nhit 50oC hexahydrat
bin thnh trihydrat MgSO3.3H2O.
Cc tinh th c tch ra khi dung dch huyn ph, sy kh v x l
nhit nhit 800 900oC thu hi MgO v SO2.
Magie oxit c quay tr li chu trnh lm vic, cn SO2 m c c
th a sang cng on ch bin axit sunfuaric hoc lu hunh n cht.
2.5. x l SO2 bng km oxit ZnO:
u im chung ca phng php ny l qu trnh phn ly km sunfit
ZnSO3 thnh SO2 v ZnO xy ra nhit thp hn ng k so vi qu
trnh phn ly bng nhit i vi MgSO3. p sut bo ha ca SO2 trn
MgSO3 bng 1atm nhit 650oC, trong lc i vi ZnSO3 p sut hi
bo ha nh trn c nhit ch bng 260oC. iu cho php tin hnh
phn ly ZnSO3 trong l mp v thu hi SO2 vi nng 100% trong lc

MgSO3 c phn ly trong dng sn phm chy ca nhin liu nung v ch

t nng khng vt qu 15 20%.
2.6. x l SO2 bng cc cht hp th hu c:
Qu trnh x l kh SO2 trong kh thi bng cc cht hu c c p
dng nhiu trong cng nghip luyn kim mu. Cht hp thu SO2 c s
dng ph bin l cc amin thm nh aniline C6H5NH2, toluidin
CH3C6H4NH2, xylidin (CH3)2C6H3NH2 v dimetyl-anilin C6H5N(CH3)2.
Thc t cho thy dung dch xylidin trong nc c nhiu u im khi s
dng kh SO2 trong khi thi vi nng thp, cn khi nng SO2
trong khi thi tng i cao (trn 2%) th dimetyl- aniline c u th hn.
Qu trnh sunfidin:
Kh thi s b c lm ngui v lc sch bi trong thit b lc bng
in, sau cho qua cc thp hp thu t ni tip nhau. Cc thp hp thu
c ti hn hp xylidin- nc theo s chuyn ng ngc chiu ca
dng kh v dung dch hp thu. Trong qu trnh hp thu SO2 bng xylidin c
ta ra mt lng nhit ng k, do cn lm ngui dung dch bng cc
thit b trao i nhit. Kh sch i ra khi thp hp thu c cha hi xylidin
cn cho qua scrub thu hi hi xylidin bng axit sunfuric long.
Qu trnh kh SO2 bng dimetylanilin qu trnh ASARCO
Kh thi sau khi c lc sch bi v cc git sng axit sunfuric
bng b lc in v sucrub c a vo thp hp thu trong xy ra ba
qu trnh sau:
- Hp thu kh SO2 bng dimetyl aniline khan
- Kh SO2 cn li trong kh bng dung dch natri cacbonat long
thu sunfit v bisunfit natri dng cho cc giai on tip theo
- Hp thu hi dimetyl aniline bng axit sunfuric long v thu
c sunfat dimetyl aniline.
4. La chn thit b:
hp thu kh SO2, cc thit b hp thu phi p ng yu cu sau:
Hiu qu hp thu cao
Lu lng dng kh phi ln
Tr lc thp
Cu to n gin, d vn hnh
It kim loi
It bm cn

Thit b hp th c chc nng to ra b mt tip xc gia pha kh v

pha lng cng ln cng tt. Sau y l mt s loi thp thng dng.
Thp m:
Cht lng thng c cho vo t nh thp v c lm cho nh
git u lp vt liu m c din tch b mt rng ln. Dng chy lng kh
trong thp m thng l dng chy ngc chiu. Tc ti a ca cc
dng cht lng v cht kh trong cc thp ny c xc nh bi cc yu t
gii hn nh s ngp lt v s li cun theo.
c im ca thp m l: Xy ra hin tng ngp lt khi lng cht
lng bin i, ng knh thp nh, cht lng dng ln thp, tn tht p sut
thp, khi lng kh ca lp m nng hn mm v gi thnh thp.
Cc thp m c a chung i vi nhng h thng lp t nh,
bo dng n mn, cc cht lng to bt cao, t l lng /kh (L/G) cao v yu
cu gim p thp.
u im: Din tch b mt tip xc gia kh v dung dch ln, kh
nng ha trn gia hai pha nhiu v thi gian lu ln.
Thp mm:
Thp mm c cu to l mt thn thp hnh tr thng ng trong c
gn cc mm c cu to khc nhau. Hai mm thng dng nht l mm chop
si bt v mm li sang.
Cht lng i vo thp nh hoc ti mt mm thch hp no v
chy xung nh trng lc qua mi mm bng ng chy chuyn. Pha kh i
t di ln qua mi mm nh cc khe h do cu to ca mm to nn. Trong
cc mm, s tip xc gia pha lng v pha kh din ra cc mm (chnh xc
hn l din ra lin tc nh trong mt.
c im ca thp mm l: Khng gy ngp lt khi bin ng lng
cht lng, ng knh thp ln, cht lng dng ln cao, tn tht p sut ln,
khi lng kh ca mm t hn lp m v gi thnh cao.
Thp phun:
Thp phun l thp c c cu phun cht lng bng c hc hay bng p
sut, trong cht lng c phun thnh nhng git nh trong th tch rng
ca thit b v cho dng kh i qua.

Cc thp phun thng c p dng trong nhng trng hp i hi

gim p pha kh l nh nht v c s hin din ca cc bi l lng trong
dng kh thi.
Thp hp thu phi thoi mn cc yu cu sau: Hiu qu v c kh
nng cho kh i qua, tr lc thp (<3000 pa), kt cu n gin v vn hnh
thun tin, khi lng nh, khng b tc nghn bi cn sinh ra trong qu
trnh hp thu.
Khi ng thi hp th nhiu kh, vn tc hp th mi kh b gim
xung. Kh hp th ha hc trong thp xut hin i lu b mt, ngha l
trn b mt phn chia pha xut hin dng i lu cng bc thc y qu
trnh truyn khi.
Nh vy chn thit b l thp mm xuyn l v dung dch hp thu SO2
l Ca(OH)2 v cc l do sau:
Hu qu hp thu tt
D ch to
D vn hnh
Gi thnh ch to khng cao
X l c vi cc khong dao ng nng rng
X l c vi loi kh thi c nng cao
X l c vi nhiu loi kh thi hoc hn hp kh thi

Chng 2: QUY TRNH CNG NGH

I.

YU CU THIT K
Cng sut 2000m3 /h
- Lng kh vo 1% khi lng
- Nng bi ra t tiu chun loi A
-

II.

QUY TRNH CNG NGH X L:

II.1. Cng ngh la chn:

Hp thu kh SO2 bng sa vi:
cht thi th cp ca qu trnh x l dng thch cao CaSO4 khng
gy nhim th cp cho ngun nc v c th tch ra khi nc em chon
lp an ton.
SO2 + O2 = SO3
SO3 + Ca(OH)2 = CaSO4 + H2O
Ca(OH)2 l loi dung dch r tin, d kim, t n mn thit b x l.
Dung dch hp thu cc kh SO2, CO2 cn c tc dng lm ngui
kh thi p ng yu cu tiu chun v nhit kh thi u ra ca ng khi.
Thp hp thu c chn l thp m vi vt liu m l vng s c
th chu c mi trng n mn tt v chu c nhit cao, ngoi ra n
cn c tc dng kt dnh bi v kim loi nng trong kh thi vo dung dch
hp thu sau c tch ra dng cn ca b lng
Vt liu ch to thp hp thu:
Do phi chu tc dng vi kh thi v dung dch c tnh n mn cao nn vt
liu ch to thp hp thu v cc ng ng dn kh c la chn l hp
kim thp c bit thuc loi thp khng g, chng c tnh chng n mn cao
trong iu kin lm vic ca thit b.
Thit b x l thp hp thu bng vt liu thp khng g vi lp m
vng s do:
- C kh nng chu ng trong mi trng ha cht vi nhit cao.
- Lp m c tc dng tng din tch v thi gian tip xc gia hai
pha kh lng nn qu trnh hp thu xy ra trit hn. B tr
chuyn ng ngc chiu: Kh chuyn ng t di ln, dung dch
t trn xung.

- Ngoi ra lp m vng s cn c tc dng va p, kt dnh bi v

kim loi trong kh thi vo dung dch hp thu sau c tch ra
dng cn trong b lng.
- C tm thp chng g c l v phn phi u kh qua tit
din ngang ca thp.
Nhc im chnh l pht sinh mt lng nc thi. Nhc im ny c th
khc phc bng cch s dng tun hon dung dch x l nhm trit lng
ha cht trong dung dch v gim lng nc thi ra ngoi. Theo phng
php ny, dung dch x l c s dng tun hon theo mt trnh chu trnh
kn, ch thi b mt lng nh khi tho cn bn t b lng
II.2 quy trnh cng ngh
S cng ngh:

3
2

5
6

Ch thch: 1. Thp hp thu

2. B tch tinh th
3. B lc chn khng
4, 5. My bm

6. Thng ha trn dung dch hp thu

7. My nghin
8. Qut

 Thuyt minh quy trnh cng ngh:

Khi thi sau khi c lc sch tro bi i vo thp hp thu 1, trong
xy ra qu trnh hp thu kh SO2 bng dung dch sa vi. Nc chua (cha
axit) chy ra t thp hp thu c b sung thng xuyn bng sa vi mi.
Trong nc chy ra t thp hp thu c cha nhiu sunfit v canxi sunfat
di tinh th: CaSO3.0,5H2O, CaSO4.2H2O v mt t tro bi cn st li sau
b lc tro bi, do cn tch cc tinh th ni trn ra khi dung dch bng b
tch tinh th 2. Thit b s 2 l mt bnh rng cho php dung dch lu li mt
thi gian hnh thnh cc tinh th sunfit v sunfat canxi. Sau b phn
tinh th 2 dung dch mt phn i vo ti cho thp hp thu, phn cn li i
qua bnh lc chn khng 3, cc tinh th c gi li di dng cn bn
v thi ra ngoi. Vi ti (CaO) c p vn thit b 7, v cho vo thng
ha trn 6 pha trn vi dung dch long chy ra t b lc chn khng s 3
cng vi mt lng nc b sung c dung dch sa vi mi.
Sc cn kh ng ca h thng khng vt qu 20mm ct nc. Nguyn
liu vi c s dng mt cch hon ton, c th l cn bn t h thng x
l kh thi ra c th c s dng lm cht kt dnh trong xy dng sau khi
chuyn sunfit thnh sunfat trong l nung.

I.

TNH CN BNG VT CHT: