o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN

MANH HA
PHAN I :
TONG QUAN VE IEU CHNH TOC O
ONG C
I. KHAI NIEM CHUNG:
I. 1 nh ngha:
ieu chnh toc o ong c la dung cac
bien phap nhan tao e thay oi cac thong so
nguon nh ien ap hay cac thong so mach nh
ien tr phu, thay oi t thong T o tao ra
cac ac tnh c mi e co nhng toc o lam
viec mi phu hp vi yeu cau. Co hai phng
phap e ieu chnh toc o ong c:
- Bien oi cac thong so cua bo phan c kh
tc la bien oi ty so truyen chuyen tiep t
truc ong c en c cau may san suat.
- Bien oi toc o goc cua ong c ien.
Phng phap nay lam giam tnh phc tap cua c
cau va cai thien c ac tnh ieu chnh. V
vay, ta khao sat s ieu chnh toc o theo
phng phap th hai.
Ngoai ra can phan biet ieu chnh toc o
vi s t ong thay oi toc o khi phu tai thay
oi cua ong c ien.
Ve phng dien ieu chnh toc o, ong c
ien mot chieu co nhieu u viet hn so vi cac
loai ong c khac. Khong nhng no co kha
nang ieu chnh toc o de dang ma cau truc
mach ong lc, mach ieu khien n gian hn,
ong thi lai at chat lng ieu chnh cao trong
day ieu chnh toc o rong.
I. 2 Cac ch tieu ky thuat e anh gia
he thong ieu chnh toc o:
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 2
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
Khi ieu chnh toc o cua he thong truyen
ong ien ta can chu y va can c vao cac
ch tieu sau ay e anh gia chat lng cua
he thong truyen ong ien:
I. 2. a Hng ieu chnh toc o:
Hng ieu chnh toc o la ta co the ieu
chnh e co c toc o ln hn hay be hn so
vi toc o c ban la toc o lam viec cua
ong c ien tren ng ac tnh c t nhien.
I. 2. b Pham vi ieu chnh toc o
(Day ieu chnh):
Pham vi ieu chnh toc o D la t so gia
toc o ln nhat n
max
va toc o be nhat n
min
ma ngi ta co the ieu chnh c tai gia tr
phu tai la nh mc: D = n
max
/n
min
.
Trong o:
- n
max
: c gii han bi o ben c
hoc.
- n
min
: c gii han bi pham vi cho
phep cua ong c, thong thng ngi ta chon
n
min
lam n v.
Pham vi ieu chnh cang ln th cang tot
va phu thuoc vao yeu cau cua tng he thong,
kha nang tng phng phap ieu chnh.
I. 2. c o cng cua ac tnh c khi
ieu chnh toc o:
o cng: = M/ n. Khi cang ln tc
M cang ln va n nho ngha la o on nh
toc o cang ln khi phu tai thay oi nhieu.
Phng phap ieu chnh toc o tot nhat la
phng phap ma gi nguyen hoac nang cao o
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 3
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
cng cua ng ac tnh c. Hay noi cach khac
cang ln th cang tot.
I. 2. d o bang phang hay o lien
tuc trong ieu chnh toc o:
Trong pham vi ieu chnh toc o, co
nhieu cap toc o. o lien tuc khi ieu chnh
toc o c anh gia bang t so gia hai
cap toc o ke nhau:
= n
i
/n
i+1
Trong o:
- n
i
: Toc o ieu chnh cap th i.
- n
i + 1
: Toc o ieu chnh cap th
( i + 1 ).
Vi n
i
va n
i + 1
eu lay tai mot gia tr
moment nao o.
tien cang gan 1 cang tot, phng
phap ieu chnh toc o cang lien tuc. Luc nay
hai cap toc o bang nhau, khong co nhay cap
hay con goi la ieu chnh toc o vo cap.
1 : He thong ieu chnh co cap.
I. 2. e Ton that nang lng khi ieu chnh
toc o:
He thong truyen ong ien co chat
lng cao la mot he thong co hieu suat lam
viec cua ong c la cao nhat khi ton hao
nang lng P
phu
mc thap nhat.
I. 2. f Tnh kinh te cua he thong khi
ieu chnh toc o:
He thong ieu chnh toc o truyen
ong ien co tnh kinh te cao nhat la mot he
thong ieu chnh phai thoa man toi a cac
yeu cau ky thuat cua he thong. ong thi he
thong phai co gia thanh thap nhat, chi ph bao
quan van hanh thap nhat, s dung thiet b
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 4
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
pho thong nhat va cac thiet b may moc co
the lap rap lan cho nhau.
II. IEU CHNH TOC O BANG CACH THAY
OI IEN AP AT VAO PHAN NG ONG
C:
oi vi cac may ien mot chieu, khi gi t
thong khong oi va ieu chnh ien ap tren
mach phan ng th dong ien, moment se khong
thay oi. e tranh nhng bien ong ln ve gia
toc va lc ong trong he ieu chnh nen
phng phap ieu chnh toc o bang cach thay
oi ien ap tren mach phan ng thng c
ap dung cho ong c mot chieu kch t oc lap.
e ieu chnh ien ap at vao phan ng
ong c, ta dung cac bo nguon ieu ap nh:
may phat ien mot chieu, cac bo bien oi van
hoac khuech ai t Cac bo bien oi tren
dung e bien dong xoay chieu cua li ien
thanh dong mot chieu va ieu chnh gia tr
sc ien ong cua no cho phu hp theo yeu
cau.
Phng trnh ac tnh c cua ong c ien mot
chieu kch t oc lap:
Ta co toc o khong tai ly tng: n
0
=
U
m
/K
E

m
.Va o cng cua ng ac tnh c:
Khi thay oi ien ap at len phan ng cua
ong c th toc o khong tai ly tng se thay
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 5
M
K K
R R
K
U
n
M E
f u
E
2

f u
M E
R R
K K
dn
dM
+

o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN

MANH HA
oi nhng o cng cua ng ac tnh c th
khong thay oi.
Nh vay, khi ta thay oi ien ap th o cng
cua ng ac tnh c khong thay oi. Ho ac
tnh c la nhng ng thang song song vi
ng ac tnh c t nhien:
Hnh 1. 1 Ho ac tnh c khi thay oi ien ap
at vao phan ng ong c.
Phng phap ieu chnh toc o bang cach
thay oi ien ap phan ng thc chat la giam
ap va cho ra nhng toc o nho hn toc o c
ban n
cb
. ong thi ieu chnh nhay cap hay
lien tuc tuy thuoc vao bo nguon co ien ap
thay oi mot cach lien tuc va ngc lai.
Theo ly thuyet th pham vi ieu chnh D = .
Nhng trong thc te ong c ien mot chieu kch
t oc lap neu khong co bien phap ac biet
ch lam viec pham vi cho phep: U
mincp
= U
m
/10,
ngha la pham vi ieu chnh:
D = n
cb
/n
min
= 10/1. Neu ien ap phan ng U <
U
mincp
th do phan ng phan ng se lam cho toc
o ong c khong on nh.
Nhan xet: Phng phap ieu chnh toc o
bang cach thay oi ien ap at vao phan ng
ong c se gi nguyen o cng cua ng
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 6
U
1
U
2
U
3
TN ( U
m
)
n
0
n
cb
c
n
1
n
2
n
3
M
n
M
C
U
m
> U
1
> U
2

> U
3
n
cb
> n
1
> n
2
>
n
3
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
ac tnh c nen c dung nhieu trong may cat
kim loai va cho nhng toc o nho hn n
cb
.
* u iem: ay la phng phap ieu chnh
triet e, vo cap co ngha la co the ieu
chnh toc o trong bat ky vung tai nao ke ca
khi khong tai ly tng.
* Nhc iem: Phai can co bo nguon co
ien ap thay oi c nen von au t c ban
va chi ph van hanh cao.
III. IEU CHNH TOC O BANG CACH
THAY OI T THONG:
Hnh 1. 2 S o nguyen ly ieu chnh toc o
bang cach thay oi t thong.
ieu chnh t thong kch thch cua ong c
ien mot chieu la ieu chnh moment ien t
cua ong c M = K
M
I

va sc ien ong quay

cua ong c
E

= K
E
n. Thong thng, khi thay oi t thong th
ien ap phan ng c gi nguyen gia tr nh
mc.
oi vi cac may ien nho va oi khi ca
cac may ien cong suat trung bnh, ngi ta
thng s dung cac bien tr at trong mach kch
t e thay oi t thong do ton hao cong suat
nho. oi vi cac may ien cong suat ln th
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 7
-

-
C
K

R
K
I

U
KT
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
dung cac bo bien oi ac biet nh: may phat,
khuech ai may ien, khuech ai t, bo bien
oi van
Thc chat cua phng phap nay la giam t
thong. Neu tang t thong th dong ien kch t
I
KT
se tang dan en khi h cuon day kch t. Do
o, e ieu chnh toc o ch co the giam
dong kch t tc la giam nho t thong so vi
nh mc. Ta thay luc nay toc o tang len khi
t thong giam: n = U/K
E
.
Mat khac ta co: Moment ngan mach M
n
= K
M
I
n
nen khi giam se lam cho M
n
giam theo.
o cng cua ng ac tnh c:
Khi giam th o cng cung giam, ac
tnh c se doc hn. Nen ta co ho ng ac tnh
c khi thay oi t thong nh sau:
Phng phap ieu chnh toc o bang cach
thay oi t thong co the ieu chnh c toc
o vo cap va cho ra nhng toc o ln hn toc
o c ban.
Theo ly thuyet th t thong co the giam
gan bang 0, ngha la toc o tang en vo cung.
Nhng tren thc te ong c ch lam viec vi
toc o ln nhat:
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 8
R
K K
M E
2

1

2

m
0 M
C
M
2
M
1
M
n
Hnh 1. 3 Ho ac tnh c khi thay oi
t thong.
n
c
b
n
1
n
2
n
M

m
>
1

>
2
n
cb
< n
1
<
n
2
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
n
max
= 3n
cb
tc pham vi ieu chnh:
D = n
max
/n
cb
= 3/1.
Bi v ng vi moi ong c ta co mot toc
o ln nhat cho phep. Khi ieu chnh toc o
tuy thuoc vao ieu kien c kh, ieu kien co
gop ong c khong the oi chieu dong ien va
chu c ho quang ien. Do o, ong c khong
c lam viec qua toc o cho phep.
Nhan xet: Phng phap ieu chnh toc o
bang cach thay oi t thong co the ieu chnh
toc o vo cap va cho nhng toc o ln hn n
cb
.
Phng phap nay c dung e ieu chnh toc
o cho cac may mai van nang hoac la may
bao ging. Do qua trnh ieu chnh toc o c
thc hien tren mach kch t nen ton that nang
lng t, mang tnh kinh te. Thiet b n gian.
IV. IEU CHNH TOC O BANG CACH THAY
OI IEN TR PHU TREN MACH PHAN
NG:
Phng phap ieu chnh toc o bang cach
thay oi ien tr phu tren mach phan ng co
the c dung cho tat ca ong c ien mot
chieu. Trong phng phap nay ien tr phu c
mac noi tiep vi mach phan ng cua ong c
theo s o nguyen ly nh sau:
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 9
-
-
+
+

R
f
C
K

R
K
U
E
U
KT
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
Hnh 1. 4 S o nguyen ly ieu chnh toc o
ong c bang cach thay oi ien tr phu tren
mach phan ng.
Ta co phng trnh ac tnh c cua ong c
ien mot chieu kch t oc lap:
Khi thay oi gia tr ien tr phu R
f
ta nhan
thay toc o khong tai ly tng: va o cng
cua ng ac tnh c:
se thay oi khi gia tr R
f
thay oi. Khi R
f
cang ln,
cang nho ngha la ng ac tnh c cang
doc. ng vi gia tr R
f
= 0 ta co o cng cua
ng ac tnh c t nhien c
tnh theo cong thc sau:
Ta nhan thay
TN
co gia tr ln nhat nen
ng ac tnh c t nhien co o cng ln hn
tat ca cac ng ac tnh c co ong ien tr
phu tren mach phan ng. Vay khi thay oi gia tr
R
f
ta c ho ac tnh c nh sau:
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 10
M
K K
R R
K
U
n
M E
f u
E
2

u
dm
M E
TN
R
K K
2

TN
R
f1
R
f2
R
f3
0
M
C
n
3
n
2
n
1
n
c
b
n
0
n
M, I
0 < R
f1
< R
f2
<
R
f3
n
cb
> n
1
> n
2
>
n
3
const
K
U
n
dm E
dm

0
f u
dm
M E
R R
K K
+

;
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
Hnh 1. 5 Ho ac tnh c khi thay oi ien tr
phu tren mach phan ng.
Nguyen ly ieu chnh toc o bang cach
thay oi ien tr phu tren mach phan ng c
giai thch nh sau: Gia s ong c ang lam viec
xac lap vi toc o n
1
ta ong them R
f
vao mach
phan ng. Khi o dong ien phan ng I

ot
ngot giam xuong, con toc o ong c do quan
tnh nen cha kp bien oi. Dong I

giam lam cho

moment ong c giam theo va toc o giam
xuong, sau o lam viec xac lap tai toc o n
2
vi n
2
> n
1
.
Phng phap ieu chnh toc o nay ch co
the ieu chnh toc o n < n
cb
. Tren thc te
khong the dung bien tr e ieu chnh nen
phng phap nay se cho nhng toc o nhay
cap tc o bang phang xa 1 tc n
1
cach xa n
2
,
n
2
cach xa n
3

Khi gia tr n
min
cang tien gan en 0 th pham
vi ieu chnh:
D = n
cb
/n
min
.
Trong thc te, R
f
cang ln th ton that nang
lng phu tang. Khi ong c lam viec toc o n
= n
cb
/2 th ton that nay chiem t 40% en 50%.
Cho nen, e am bao tnh kinh te cho he thong
ta ch ieu chnh sao cho pham vi ieu chnh: D =
( 2 3 )/1.
Khi gia tr R
f
cang ln th toc o ong c
cang giam. ong thi dong ien ngan mach I
n
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 11
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
va moment ngan mach M
n
cung giam. Do o,
phng phap nay c dung e han che dong
ien va ieu chnh toc o di toc o c ban.
Va tuyet oi khong c dung cho cac ong c
cua may cat kim loai.
Nhan xet: Phng phap ieu chnh toc o
bang cach thay oi ien tr phu tren mach
phan ng ch cho nhng toc o nhay cap va
nho hn n
cb
.
* u iem: Thiet b thay oi rat n gian,
thng dung cho cac ong c cho can truc, thang
may, may nang, may xuc, may can thep.
* Nhc iem: Toc o ieu chnh cang thap
khi gia tr ien tr phu ong vao cang ln, ac
tnh c cang mem, o cng giam lam cho s on
nh toc o khi phu tai thay oi cang kem. Ton
hao phu khi ieu chnh rat ln, toc o cang
thap th ton hao phu cang tang.
V. IEU CHNH TOC O BANG CACH RE
MACH PHAN NG:
ong c ien mot chieu kch t oc lap khi
ieu chnh toc o bang cach re mach phan
ng co s o nguyen ly nh sau:
Hnh 1. 6 S o nguyen ly phng phap
ieu chnh toc o bang cach re mach phan
ng.
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 12
I

I
S
I
n
R
n
R
S

-
+

C
K




R
K




E
U
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
Mot he thong khi ieu chnh can toc o
nho hn n
cb
va ieu chnh nhay cap. He thong
co o cng tng oi ln va thiet b van hanh
n gian th ngi ta dung phng phap re mach
phan ng hay con goi la phan mach.
Theo phng phap re mach phan ng th phan
ng ong c noi song song vi ien tr va noi
noi tiep vi mot ien tr khac. Phng phap
nay giong vi phng phap thay oi ien tr
tren mach phan ng nhng ien ap phan ng
lai khong thay oi. Do o, phng phap nay oi
hoi phai:
- ien ap at vao phan ng ong c
khong thay oi.
- V dong kch t khong thay oi nen khi
ieu chnh toc o, t thong khong oi lam cho
moment phu tai cho phep c gi khong oi va
bang tr so nh mc.
Ta co phng trnh ac tnh c:
T phng trnh tren, ta nhan thay toc o
ong c n

< n
cb
. Mat khac ta co:
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 13
M
K K
R R
R R
R
R R
R
K
U
n
M E
n S
n S
u
n S
S
E 2

+
+

M
K K
R R
R R
R
R R
R
n n
M E
n S
n S
u
n S
S
2
0

+
+

0 0 0
' n
R R
R
n n
n S
S
<
+

u
n S
S
u n u
R
R R
R
R R R >
+
+ > +
TN PM R R
n f
< <
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
o cng cua ng ac tnh c re mach
phan ng
PM
nho hn o cng cua ac tnh c
t nhien
TN
nhng lai ln hn o cng cua ac
tnh c co ien tr phu
Rf
vi ien tr phu chnh
la R
n
.
e ieu chnh toc o ong c trong trng
hp nay ta tien hanh nh sau:
* Gi nguyen R
n
, thay oi gia tr R
S
:
- Khi R
S
= 0: ay la trang thai ham ong
nang vi toc o ham ong nang n
HN
= 0.

Hnh 1. 7 Ho ac tnh c khi R
n
= const, R
S
thay
oi.
Nh vay, khi gi nguyen R
n
, thay oi gia tr R
S
th vung ieu chnh toc o b han che va modun
o ln ac tnh c tang dan khi toc o giam.
* Gi nguyen R
S
, thay oi gia tr R
n
:
- Khi R
n
= 0: R
S
khong anh hng en
ng ac tnh c. Luc nay ta xem R
S
nh la tai
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 14
Ta co ho ac tnh c
nh sau:
n
dm
A S
R
U
I R Khi : :
TN
n
n
0
n
3
n
2
n
1
I
I
A
M
C
R
S
=
0
R
S
=
R
S2

R
S1

R
S1
<
R
S2

n
1
< n
2
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
noi song song vi ong c. Ta co c ng ac
tnh c t nhien.
- Khi R
n
= : ong c ien b h mach nen
khong co ien ap ri tren phan ng ong c.
ay la trang thai ham ong nang vi R
HN
= R
S
.
Ta co : I
B
= U
m
/R
S
. Ta co ho ac tnh c nh sau:
Vay, khi gi nguyen R
S
va thay oi R
n
th pham
vi ieu chnh khong b han che nh trng hp
tren. Nhng khi toc o giam xuong th o cng
ng ac tnh c lai b giam xuong.
* Ngoai ra con co phng phap thay oi ong
thi gia tr cua R
S
va R
n
: Phng phap nay
thng c s dung trong thc te.
So vi phng phap ieu chnh bang cach
thay oi ien tr phu tren mach phan ng ta
nhan thay: Khi toc o va moment ong c nh
nhau ngha la khi cong suat c nh nhau dong
ien nhan t li trong s o re mach phan
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 15
Hnh 1.8 Ho ac tnh c khi R
S
= const, R
n

thay oi.
n
1
n
2
n
c
b
I
TN ( R
N
=
0 )
M
C
R
n
=
0
I
B
n
R
n1
R
n2
n
0
0 < R
n1
< R
n2
< R
n

=
n
2
< n
1
< n
cb
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
ng luon luon ln hn trong s o ieu chnh
bang ien tr phu tren mach phan ng mot
lng bang dong ien chay qua R
S
.
Phng phap nay ch dung cho can truc, cau
truc, thang may, may can thep. ong thi tuyet
oi khong dung cho may cat kim loai.
Nhan xet: Phng phap ieu chnh toc o
bang cach re mach phan ng th ieu chnh toc
o nhay cap va cho nhng toc o nho hn n
cb
.
* u iem:
- Vi cung mot toc o yeu cau th o
cng cua ng ac tnh c phan mach co o
cng ln hn ac tnh c dung ien tr phu tren
mach phan ng.
- Thiet b van hanh n gian.
* Nhc iem:
- Phng phap nay dung tiep iem e
ong cat ien tr nen o tinh chnh khong cao,
ieu chnh toc o co cap, pham vi ieu chnh:
D = ( 2 3 )/1.
- Do ton that cong suat trong s o nay
kha ln nen pham vi ng dung b han che.
Phng phap nay ch ap dung cho ong c co
cong suat nho, thi gian lam viec ngan vi toc
o thap.
Cau truc mach ong lc cua he truyen
ong ieu chnh toc o ong c ien mot
chieu bao gi cung can co bo bien oi. Cac
bo bien oi nay cung cap cho mach ien phan
ng ong c hoac mach kch t ong c. Hien
nay trong cong nghiep s dung bon loai bo bien
oi chnh:
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 16
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
Bo bien oi may ien gom: ong c s
cap keo may phat mot chieu hoac
may ien khuech ai (KM)
Bo bien oi ien t : khuech ai t
(KT)
Bo bien oi chnh lu ban dan : chnh
lu tiristo (CLT)
Bo bien oi xung ap mot chieu : tiristo
hoac tranzito (BBXA)
Tng ng vi viec s dung cac bo bien oi
ma ta co cac he truyen ong nh:
He truyen ong may phat - ong c
(F-)
He truyen ong may ien khuech
ai- ong c (MK -)
He truyen ong khuech ai t -
ong c (KT - )
He truyen ong chnh lu tiristo-ong
c (T-)
He truyen ong xung ap-ong c
(XA_)
VI. IEU CHNH TOC O BANG HE THONG
MAY PHAT - ONG C
( F - ):
VI. 1 S o nguyen ly:
Vi nhng he thong ieu chnh toc o vo
cap, pham vi ieu chnh toc o tng oi rong.
Can nhng toc o ln hn hay nho hn so vi
toc o c ban va can ieu chnh lien tuc nh
truyen ong chnh cua mot so may bao ging
co nang suat thap, truyen ong quay truc can
thep co cong suat trung bnh va nho, truyen
ong uc ong trong phng phap uc lien tuc
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 17
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
th ngi ta dung he thong F - co s o nguyen
ly nh sau:
Hnh 1. 9 S o nguyen ly he thong may
phat ong c.
Trong o:
- SC: ong c s cap, cung cap ong lc
cho toan he thong. Nhan cong suat ien xoay
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 18
-
+
CD
1
I

P
mC
I
KF
R
KF
C
KF

2
I
K
R
K
C
K
1

CD
2
U
K
R
KK
C
KK
P

P
c
2
P
c
1
U

SC
n
U
1
; f
1
K F
CCSX

o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN

MANH HA
chieu, bien oi ien nang thanh c nang keo
may phat F va may phat kch thch K. SC co the
la ong c no, ong c ien tuy thuoc vao ch
tieu ky thuat cua he thong.
- F: May phat mot chieu kch thch oc
lap, cung cap trc tiep nguon mot chieu cho
phan ng ong c.
- : ong c ien mot chieu kch t oc
lap keo c cau san xuat (CCSX ), la oi tng
can ieu chnh toc o trong pham vi tng oi
nho.
- K: May phat kch thch, thc chat la may
phat ien mot chieu ac biet co t d ln
nen co kha nang t kch. Phat ra ien mot
chieu U
K
cung cap cho mach kch thch may phat C
KF
va kch thch cua ong c C
K
.
VI. 2 Nguyen ly hoat ong:
e khi ong he thong F - ta tien hanh
cac bc nh sau:
- M tat ca cac cau dao CD
1
, CD
2
.
- ieu chnh bien tr mach kch thch cua
ong c R
K
tr so cc tieu sao cho
max
va
ieu chnh bien tr mach kch thch cua may
phat R
KF
tr so cc ai sao cho
Fmin
.
- ong cau dao CD
1
( luc nay CD
2
van h )
khi ong ong c SC. ong c SC se quay va
i cho toc o on nh. SC quay lam cho may
phat F va may phat kch thch K quay.
- ong cau dao CD
2
e chon chieu quay cho
ong c la thuan hay ngc. Luc nay co
F
nhng rat be se lam cho E
F
be nen U

= E
F
I

R
F
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 19
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
be. ong c se khi ong va quay vi toc o
thap.
- e tang dan ien ap at vao ong c,
ta ieu chnh bien tr R
KF
giam dan ve tr so
cc tieu ( tang dong kch t cua may phat ), do
o, dong I

tang dan, ong c tang toc o cho

en khi at en n
cb
. Qua trnh khi ong en
ay la cham dt.
- e ngng truyen ong ta ieu chnh R
KF
tang dan e giam dong kch thch cua may
phat lam cho ien ap phat ra cua may phat U
F
giam. Do o, toc o cua ong c giam xuong
va ngng han vao luc U
F
= 0. Sau o m cau
dao CD
2
dng ong c SC.
Muon thay oi chieu quay cua ong c ta gat
cau dao CD
2
sang v tr 2.
Vi he thong F - ta co the ieu chnh toc
o theo hai hng nh sau:
* e cho n

< n
cb
: ieu chnh bien tr R
KF
cua may phat at gia tr cc ai e giam dong
kch t cua may phat lam cho U
F
giam, toc o
ong c giam xuong at n

< n
cb
.
Goi D
U
: Pham vi ieu chnh bang cach thay
oi ien ap at len phan ng ong c. Ta co:
D
U
= n
cb
/n
min
= 10/1.
* e cho n

> n
cb
: Ta gi U
F
tr so nh
mc va ieu chnh bien tr R
K
at gia tr cc
ai e giam t thong kch thch cua ong c.
Luc nay toc o cua ong c tang len at n

>
n
cb
.
Goi D

: Pham vi ieu chnh toc o bang

cach thay oi t thong cua ong c. Ta co: D

=
n
max
/n
cb
= 3/1.
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 20
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
Ket hp hai phng phap ieu chnh la giam
ien ap at vao phan ng ong c U

va giam
t thong

ta c pham vi ieu chnh chung:

D = D
U
D

= n
max
/n
min
= 30/1.
VI. 3 Thanh lap phng trnh ac tnh c
cua he thong F - :
Phng trnh ac tnh c tong quat:
Phng trnh can bang sc ien ong cua
may phat: U

= E
F
I

R
F
Thay vao phng trnh ac tnh c ta c:
ay la phng trnh ac tnh toc o cua he
thong.
Thay I

= M / K
M

vao phng trnh ac tnh toc o

ta c phng trnh ac tnh c cua ong c trong
he thong F - nh sau:
T phng trnh ac tnh c cua he thong ta
nhan thay: ng vi moi hng ieu chnh toc
o ong c khac nhau ( ln hay nho hn so vi
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 21
u
D E
uF uD
D E
F
I
K
R R
K
E
n

M
K K
R R
K
E
n
D
M E
uF uD
D E
F
D
2

M
K K
R R
K
E
n
D
M E
uF uD
D E
F
2

u
E E
I
K
R
K
U
n

u
D E
uD
D E
I
K
R
K
U
n

o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
toc o c ban ) ta se co nhng ho ac tnh ieu
chnh khac nhau nh a trnh bay tren.

Hnh 1. 10 Ho ac tnh c ieu chnh trong
he thong F - .
VI. 4 anh gia he thong F - :
VI. 4. a u iem:
- He thong nay co the ieu chnh toc
o vo cap, pham vi ieu chnh rong: D = ( 10
30 )/1 bi v qua trnh ieu chnh c thc hien
bang mach kch thch cua may phat va ong c.
Co the dung phng phap bien tr.
- He thong co s chuyen oi trang thai
lam viec rat linh hoat, kha nang qua tai ln
nen thng c s dung cac may khai thac
trong cong nghiep nho.
VI. 4. b Nhc iem:
- Dung 4 may e quay nen khi lam viec
se gay tieng on ln, chiem nhieu dien tch e
at may. ong thi tong cong suat at vao
he thong F - qua ln: Gap 3 lan so vi yeu
cau nen von au t ln.
- Hieu suat hoat ong cua he thong
tng oi thap:
= P
c2
/P

< 0,75
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 22
n
3
n
2
n
1
R
KF

R
K

n
cb
n
2
n
1
U

3

2

1
U
1
U
2
U
m
,
m
n
M
0 M
C
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
- ac tnh c doc nen khi co dao ong
phu tai th the hien ro hn na.
- Ngoai ra, do cac may phat mot chieu
co t d, ac tnh t hoa co tre nen kho ieu
chnh sau toc o.
VI. 4. c Nhan xet:
Vi he thong F - vong h nh tren, ta
khong the thc hien viec on nh toc o ong
c la nhiem vu can thiet oi vi cac he thong
truyen ong nham nang cao chat lng san
pham c gia cong tren may, nang cao chat
lng ky thuat cua mot qui trnh cong nghe ma
may san xuat tham gia hoac nang cao nang suat
cua may.
e thc hien nhiem vu o, ta thng
dung cac he thong F- co khuech ai may ien
dung phan hoi vong kn. Trong cac he thong
nay, cac bo khuech ai may ien se s dung
cac lien he phan hoi, ngha la a mot tn hieu
au ra cua he thong quay tr lai au vao cua
no. Tn hieu au ra co the la ien ap, dong
ien trong mach chnh hoac toc o quay cua
ong c. Tn hieu au vao la sc t ong cua
khuech ai may ien. Cac khuech ai may ien
thng dung hien nay la may kch t nhieu
cuon day ieu chnh c, khuech ai may ien
t kch va khuech ai may ien t trng giao
truc.
VII. HE THONG KHUECH AI MAY IEN
ONG C:
VII. 1 Khuech ai may ien ( KM ):
KM la may phat mot chieu ac biet. Co
2 loai KM:
- KM t kch.
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 23
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
- KM t trng giao truc.
VII. 1. a Khuech ai may ien t kch:
La loai may phat ien mot chieu ac
biet. Mach t c lam bang thep ky thuat can
nguoi nen co t tr nho va ac tnh t tre
hep.
He thong kch t co t 3 en 4 cuon
day:
- Mot cuon lam kch t oc lap ( kch t
chnh ) at ien ap mot chieu vao va dung e
ieu khien sc ien ong phat ra cua phan
ng may ien.
- Mot cuon lam nhiem vu t kch, lay ien
ap phat ra hai au phan ng hoac dong ien
tren mach phan ng quay tr lai t kch.
- Cac cuon con lai dung e thc hien cac
phan hoi trong he thong.
S o nguyen ly KM t kch:
* KM t kch theo ien ap ( t kch song
song ):
Hnh 1. 11 S o nguyen ly KM t kch
song song.
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 24
U
ng
R
1

CK
1
CK
3
CK
4
CK
2
F
1
F
2
R
2
U
KM




+

KM
TK
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA

* KM t kch theo dong ien ( t kch
noi tiep ):
Hnh 1. 12 S o nguyen ly KM t kch
noi tiep.
Nh cuon t kch ma ien ap phat ra
cua KM c nang cao so vi may phat thong
thng. Da vao ac tnh volt-ampe cua KM ta
thay:
U
mKM
= U
m1
+ U
m2
Hnh 1. 13 ac tnh volt-ampe cua he
thong KM.
Khi co them CK
2
th U tang len mot lng U
m2
.
He so cong suat: K
P
= P
f
/P
KT
= U
KM
I
KM
/U
K
I
K
=
hang tram/1.
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 25
I
KM
R
2
F
2
CK
2
CK
3
CK
4
F
1
U
KM
U
ng
R
1

CK
1
-

KM
TK
CK
2
CK
1
I
K
I
m1
U
m1
U
m2
U
mKM
U
KM
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA

VII. 1.b Khuech ai may ien t trng
giao truc:
La may phat mot chieu ac biet:
- Mach t lam bang thep ky thuat ien can
nguoi, cc t dang an.
- Phan kch co t 3 en 4 cuon day:
. Mot cuon lam kch thch chnh ( kch t
oc lap ) tao ra t trng chnh.
. Mot cuon lam nhiem vu bu.
. Cac cuon con lai dung e thc hien
phan hoi trong truyen ong.
- Tren co gop at hai cap choi than
co truc vuong goc nhau. Trong o,
mot cap c noi tat vi nhau con
mot cap e lay ien ap ra.
Hnh 1. 14 S o tng ng KM t
trng giao truc.
ng ve mat khuech ai ta co the xem
KM t trng giao truc tng ng vi hai may
phat ien lam viec ke tiep nhau va co s o
nguyen ly nh tren.
He so khuech ai: K
P
= K
PI
K
PII
= U
KM
I
2
/U
K
I
K
.
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 26
MF
I
;
K
PI
MF
II
;
K
PII
U
KM
F
2
F
1
R
1

CK
1
I
1
I
2

-
+

E
1
E
2
U
ng
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
ay la loai may ien co he so khuech ai
cao nhat, K
P
co gia tr hang ngan lan.

VII. 2 Nhan xet he thong khuech ai
may ien ong c:
VII. 2. a u iem:
Ngoai nhng u iem cua cac he thong
F - vong h nh:
- Pham vi ieu chnh toc o rong vi o
chnh xac va tin cay cao.
- Khi ong may em.
- Co kha nang ham tai sinh, tra nang
lng lai cho li ien.
- Ton hao nang lng khi ieu chnh toc
o va m may thap.
Cac he thong KM ong c vong kn
con co nhng u iem:
- Co kha nang t ong on nh toc o
ong c khi phu tai thay oi.
- Co kha nang tang tnh on nh toc o
cua he thong nh khau on nh.
- Co he so khuech ai cong suat ln.
VII. 2. b Nhc iem:
He thong KM ong c co nhng
nhc iem tng t nh he thong F - :
- Dung nhieu may ien vi tong cong
suat lap at ln do o oi hoi gia thanh cao.
- Hieu suat hoat ong thap.
- Dien tch lap at may rong va oi hoi
nen mong chac chan nen ph ton van hanh
ln.
- Gay tieng on ln.
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 27
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
VIII. HE THONG KHUECH AI T - ONG
C:
VIII. 1 S o nguyen ly:
Khuech ai t ( KT ) hay con goi la bo bien
oi van t, la to hp cua khang bao hoa vi
chnh lu khong ieu khien.
KT c dung e lam bo ieu chnh dong
ien va ien ap trong cac he thong ieu khien,
ieu chnh va kiem tra t ong.
Trong cac may nang van chuyen, KT thng
c dung lam may kch thch cho cac may phat
trong he thong F - . oi vi may cat got kim
loai, KT thng c dung ket hp vi chnh lu
diode ban dan e cung cap cho phan ng ong
c mot chieu vi s o nguyen ly nh sau:(hnh
1.15)
Trong cac s o nay, may bien ap BA co
chc nang bien oi gia tr ien ap cho phu hp
vi yeu cau cua ong c. Tao ra so pha hoac
iem trung tnh cho phu hp vi s o chnh lu
neu can va nang cao he so cong suat cua he.
Cac van khong ieu khien V
o
dung e bien
oi dong ien xoay chieu thanh mot chieu va
tao ra thanh phan dong ien t t hoa cho KT.
Cuon khang bao hoa KBH dung e ieu
chnh gia tr sc ien ong cua bo bien oi.
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 28
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
Hnh 1. 15 S o nguyen ly he thong
KT ong c.
a). Tia ba pha.
b). Cau ba pha.

VIII. 2 Nguyen ly hoat ong:
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 29
U
1
, f
1
( a
)
C
K
R
K
BA
V
0
W
lv
+
-
W

k
U
k

U
1
, f
1
BA

k
V
0
U
k
+
-
-
+

C
K

R
K
W
lv
( b )
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
Trong he thong KT ong c, toc o ong
c c ieu chnh bang cach thay oi tr so
trung bnh cua sc ien ong chnh lu bang
cach bien oi dong ien ieu khien, tc la
bien oi mc o bao hoa cua mach t.
e n gian trong viec khao sat nguyen ly
hoat ong cua he thong nay, ta tach ra mot
trong ba pha t cac s o tren va gia thuyet
rang ac tnh t tre cua loi thep co dang ly
tng.
Hnh 1. 16
a). S o nguyen ly mot pha cua bo
bien oi.
b). Dang ac tnh t tre ly tng cua loi
thep.
Ta co: u
2
= U
2m
sin t = iR
t
+ X
K
( di / d t )
Trong o: X
K
co gia tr thay oi theo trang
thai t hoa cua loi thep. Luc au, loi thep
c t hoa co nh nh cuon ieu khien W
k
en mot gia tr B
0
nao o trong pham vi ( -B
S
B
0
+B
S
).
* ban ky dng cua nguon u
2
: dong ien
thuan i qua V
0
t hoa loi cuon khang, lam cho
bien o t cam bien thien. Luc nay, v loi
thep cha bao hoa nen X
K
rat ln, nguon chu
yeu ri tren cuon khang con gia tr iR
t
0. Ta
co:
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 30

u
2
+

-

I
k
U
k

W
k
R
t

V
0
( a )
B
H
+B
S
-B
S
B
0

( b )
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
u
2
= U
2m
sin t = iR
t
+ X
K
( di/d t ) = N
lv
S ( dB /
dt )
Vi ieu kien ban au: t = 0, B = B
0
, giai
phng trnh nay ta c:
B = B
0
+ B
m
( 1 - cos t )
Trong o:
- Bien o t cam: B
m
= U
2m
/WN
lv
S
- N
lv
: So vong day cua cuon lam viec.
- S : Dien tch tiet dien loi cua cuon
khang.
- : Tan so goc cua dong ien.
Khi loi thep bao hoa, ta co X
K
= 0. Do o,
toan bo nguon ap ch at len tai. Khi o: u
2
=
U
2m
sin t = iR
t
= u
b
Vi u
b
la ien ap ra cua bo bien, tc la
ien ap at tren tai.
* ban ky am cua nguon u
2
: V
0
ngng dan,
dong ien t hoa khong co nen loi thep b
kh t bi cuon ieu khien W
k
va o t cam
B se giam dan ve gia tr ban au B
0
, ien ap
tren tai u
b
u
2
= 0.
Gia tr trung bnh cua ien ap chnh lu c
xac nh theo cong thc:
Trong o:
- p: So lan ap mach trong bo chnh lu.
- : Goc bao hoa
- B
S
: T cam bao hoa.
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 31
) cos 1 (
2
sin
2
2 2

m m KDT
U
p
t td U
p
U
) 1 arccos(
0
m
S
B
B B

o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
Neu ta chon B
m
= B
S
th = arccos ( B
0
/B
S
). Luc
nay gia tr trung bnh cua ien ap chnh lu: U
KT
= U
m
[ 1 + ( B
0
/B
S
)] = f ( B
0
).Vi:
U
m
= pU
2m
/2
Ta nhan thay: Khi thay oi gia tr B
0
t B
S
en +B
S
ta se ieu chnh c ien ap chnh lu
U
KT
t 0 en gia tr U
2m
( p/ ). V B
0
la do dong
ieu khien I
k
tao ra nen thc chat gia tr U
KT
chnh la ham cua I
k
: U
KT
= f ( I
k
).
VIII. 3 Phng trnh ac tnh c cua he
thong KT ong c:
T cong thc: n = n
0
- M/ , ta c phng trnh
ac tnh c cua ong c trong he thong:
ay chnh la phng trnh ac tnh c cua
ong c trong he thong KT ong c vi R
b
la
ien tr trong cua he thong.
Neu xem cuon khang la phan t tuyen tnh
th ta se c ho nhng ng ac tnh c cua
ong c la nhng ng thang song song nhau va
c goi la ho ac tnh c ly tng.
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 32
u
E
u b
E
KDT
I
K
R R
K
U
n

u
E
u b
E
S
m
I
K
R R
K
B
B
U
n

) 1 (
0
M
K K
R R
K
B
B
U
n
M E
u b
E
S
m
2
0
) 1 (

M
n

n
0
n
yc

n
1

I
k1

I
k2
I
k3
0
M
C
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
Hnh 1.17 Ho ac tnh c ly tng cua ong
c trong he thong KT ong c.
VIII. 4 Nhan xet:
VIII. 4. a u iem:
- De che tao.
- Ben va gia thanh ha.
- Do KT la bo bien oi tnh nen khac
phuc c nhng nhc iem cua he thong F -
nh a trnh bay phan tren.
VIII. 4. b Nhc iem:
- Do ien tr trong cua bo bien oi van
t kha ln nen o cng cua ng ac tnh c
thap, sai so toc o ln va day ieu chnh hep.
- Ve hnh thc ieu khien, he thong KT
ong c kem linh hoat hn he F - . ao chieu
quay ong c kho khan va gay ton that nang
lng ln. Quan tnh cua he KT - ong c ln do
anh hng cua ien khang KT, he so cong
suat thap.
IX. HE TRUYEN ONG TIRISTO-ONG C
T-:
Hien nay ngi ta s dung rong rai cac bo
bien oi van ieu khien e bien nang lng xoay
chieu thanh ien mot chieu e cung cap cho
cac ong c ien mot chieu. Toc o ong c
ieu chnh bang cach thay oi ien ap chnh
lu bang cach thay oi thi iem thong van.
u iem noi bat cua he T- la o tac
ong nhanh cao, khong gay on va de t ong
hoa do cac van dan co he so khuech ai cong
suat cao, ieu o rat thuan tien cho viec thiet
lap cac he thong t ong ieu chnh nhieu
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 33
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
vong e nang cao chat lng cac ac tnh tnh
va cac ac tnh ong cua he thong .
Nhc iem chu yeu do cac dan co tnh phi
tuyen, dang ien ap chnh lu ra co bien o
ap mach cao, gay ton that phu trong may ie.
He so cong suat cos cua he noi chung thap
* Chon phng an :
Trong thc te truyen ong nao cung co u
va nhc iem, do o tuy trng hp cu the
ma ta chon phng an truyen ong cho phu hp,
tren nguyen tac nhc iem la t nhat. Trong o
an nay ta chon phng an truyen ong T-.
* Nguyen ly chung cua bo ieu
khien toc o :
Bo chnh lu tiristor c mo ta nh sau: cac
van thay nhau dan trong mot phan t chu ky c
goi la khoang dan, hoac khoang thong vi o
sut ap tren van khong ln lam va mach con lai
cua chu ky c goi la khoang khong dan hay
khoang ngat. ien tr thuan cua tiristor trang
thai ngat khoang 100 va trang thai m 0.01 .
ien ap c ieu chnh bang cach bien oi
thi han lam viec cua van trong khoang thong.
Trong thc te ngi ta dung cac loai van co ieu
khien han che, ngha la co ieu khien thi
iem au, khoang thong nhng khong the ngat
mach khi dong ien cha giam ve khong. Do o
viec ieu chnh ien ap bo bien oi van c
thc hien bang cach bien oi thi iem thong
van, viec rut ngan thi han trang thai thong cua
cac van trong khoang dan c ac trng bi gi
thong cham tnh t thi iem m t nhien.
Dong ien va ien ap cua bo bien oi
theo thi gian la nhng ng cong phc tap, co
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 34
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
cha ca thanh phan mot chieu va thanh phan
xoay chieu. Thanh phan xoay chieu co anh
hng xau en qua trnh phat xung va chuyen
mach cua may ien nen phai han che.
Vi muc ch o ngi ta noi vao mach phu
tai bo bien oi ( mach phan ng) cuon san
phang co ien cam xac nh. e phan tch s
lam viec cua ong c ien mot chieu trong he
thong nay phai tm thang phan mot chieu cua
van ien ap va dong ien tren au ra cua bo
bien oi tc la xac nh tr so trung bnh cua
chung trong mot chu ky bien thien ien ap li
xoay chieu. Thanh phan mot chieu cua ien ap
va dong ien la ien ap chnh lu va dong
ien chnh lu.
Tiristor cho phep dung nhng tn hieu co
cong suat nho lay t cac kh cu ien e che
tao ac tnh onh cua ong c va thoa man
cac yeu cau cong nghe. Tiristor co quan tnh
nen so vi he F- th he thong nay co qua trnh
hp ly hn, co the che tao ra thiet b to hp
hien ai, co the gia cong cac san pham co
chat lng oi hoi o chnh xac cao.
ieu khien Tiristor co nhng tnh chat va o
tin cay cao tiet kiem c nang lng, khong gay
tieng on va tiet kiem dien tch lap at.
ieu kien e m Tiristor:
_ at ien ap thuan len no tc cc dng
len anot va cc am len catot
_ at ien the dng vao cc ieu khien hay
con goi la xung ieu khien
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 35
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
PHAN II:
TONG QUAN VE CAC BO CHNH LU 3 PHA
I. He thong chnh lu ba pha hnh tia
ong c:
I. 1. a S o nguyen ly:
Chnh lu ba pha hnh tia con c goi la
chnh lu ba pha na chu ky hay chnh lu ba pha
co au khong . ien ap chnh lu la mot
na song cua ien ap xoay chieu.

Hnh 2. 1 S o nguyen ly he thong chnh
lu ba pha hnh tia ong c.
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 36
G
T1
G
T2
G
T3
+


-
U
2

U
k

K
C
0
U

n
I

T
1
T
2
T
3
BA
I
1
I
2

CCSX

C
K
R
K
G
T1
G
T2
G
T3
BKC
U
1
, f
1
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
Trong o:
- BA: May bien ap chnh lu co nhiem
vu:
. Bien oi ien ap nguon U
ng
thanh
ien ap phu hp U
n
at len bo chnh lu.
. Bien oi so pha nguon thanh so
pha phu hp vi bo chnh lu.
. am bao cho nguon va bo chnh
lu ch quan he vi nhau ve t ma khong quan
he trc tiep ve ien nen bao ve va ieu
chnh bo chnh lu c de dang hn.
- T
1
, T
2
, T
3
: Cac tiristor, bien ien ap xoay
chieu U
2
thanh ien ap mot chieu.
- K: Cuon ien khang can bang.
- : ong c ien mot chieu kch t oc
lap. ay la thanh phan chu yeu, oi tng can
ieu chnh toc o.
- Bo loc ( va C
0
): Cho nhng thanh
phan xoay chieu con sot lai i qua tu. Lam cho
dong i qua ong c t nhap nho nen moment t
thay oi, do o toc o ong c c on nh.
- BKC: Bo khong che. Co nhiem vu lam
bo tao xung, em xung va phan phoi xung at
len cac cc ieu khien cua cac tiristor.
I. 1. b Nguyen ly hoat ong : v s
in p v dng in chnh lu vo na, kt hp trong v hc.
Vi s o nguyen ly nh tren, cac tiristor
c noi theo nhom katot chung nen cac phan
t chnh lu co ac iem nh sau:
- Tirisror dan ien la tiristor co anot
c noi vi ien ap cao nhat va phai c kch
xung ong pha vi ien ap cua pha o.
- Tiristor nao dan ien th no se ganh
tron dong ien tai.
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 37
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
- Khi co mot tiristor dan ien th hai
tiristor con lai se khong dan ( neu ta xet bo qua
s chuyen mach ).
Che o lam viec cua chnh lu phu
thuoc vao phng thc ieu khien va cac tnh
chat cua phu tai. Trong truyen ong ien, tai
cua chnh lu thng la cuon kch t ( L, R ) va
mach phan ng ong c ( R, L va E ). e n gian
trong viec tm hieu nguyen ly hoat ong cua he
thong chnh lu ba pha hnh tia ong c tren ta
co s o thay the nh sau:
Hnh 2. 2 S o thay the he thong chnh
lu ba pha hnh tia ong c.
Trong o:
- E

: Sc phan ien ong cua ong

c ien.
- u
2a
, u
2b
, u
2c
: ien ap th cap cua
may bien ap BA.
- R
d
: ien tr mach mot chieu ( ke
ca ien tr day quan th cap cua may bien
ap ).
- L
d
: ien cam mach mot chieu.
e tien hanh ieu chnh toc o
ong c, ngi ta thay oi goc kch cua tiristor
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 38
I
d
U
d
T
1
T
2
T
3
E

L
d

R
d

u
2b
u
2c
u
2a
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
se thay oi c ien ap chnh lu, lam cho ien
ap at len phan ng ong c thay oi.
Trong khoang thi gian O
1
O
2
ien ap ra U
a
co gia tr ln nhat, ong thi tai thi iem O
1
kch xung cho T
1
. T
1
nhan xung kch nen dan ien,
m cho dong ien chay qua con hai van T
2
va T
3
b khoa. Sau thi iem O
2
tr i U
b
co gia tr ln
nhat. Tai O
2
, kch xung cho T
2
nen T
2
dan. Luc nay
ta co U
a
< U
b
nen anot cua T
1
co ien the thap
hn so vi katot cua no, do o T
1
b khoa. Tng
t, tai thi iem O
3
, T
3
dan con T
1
va T
2
b khoa.
Nh vay moi tiristor se cho dong chay qua no
trong khoang thi gian 120
0
ien va gia tr trung
bnh cua ien ap chnh lu tiristor:
ien ap ngc at len moi tiristor la hieu
so ien the gia anot va katot cua tiristor o:
. Khi T
2
dan:
. Khi T
3
dan:
iem cc tr cua ien ap ngc at
len T
1
la:
Dong ien chnh lu c san bang
co gia tr:
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 39
( 2.
4 ) )
3
cos( 6
2 1

U U U U
a b ngT
( 2. 5
) )
3
2
cos( 6
2 1

U U U U
a c ngT
( 2. 6
)
d d
d
d
X R
U
I
+

3
4
6
2 1

khi U U
ngT
3
11
6
2 1

khi U U
ngT

cos
2
6 3
sin 2
2
3
2
3
2
6
6
2
U d U U
d

+ +
+
( 2. 3
)
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
Gia tr trung bnh cua dong ien chay
qua moi tiristor la:
Trong khoang 0 < < 90
0
, bo bien oi
lam viec che o chnh lu vi ien ap U
d
>
0. Va trong khoang 90
0
< < 180
0
, bo bien oi
lam viec che o nghch lu vi U
d
< 0. Moi
quan he gia U
d
= f ( ) cua bo chnh lu tiristor
c bieu dien nh sau:
Hnh 2. 6 ac tnh ieu chnh U
d
= f ( ).
II. He thong chnh lu ba pha hnh cau
ong c:
II.1. a S o nguyen ly:
S o nguyen ly cua he thong chnh lu
ba pha hnh cau ong c co ieu khien, s o
ang tr mach th cap may bien ap va phan
ng ong c c bieu dien nh sau:
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 40
CL
NL

/
2

U
d
- U
d0
U
d0
0
K
n

U
k
C
0
T
1
T
3
T
5
T
4
T
6
T
2
u
2a
u
2b
u
2c
BA
U
1
, f
1
+
-
C
K
R
K



CCSX

BKC
3 2
1
3
2
0
d
d dtb
I
d I I

o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN

MANH HA
Hnh 3. 11 S o nguyen ly cua he thong chnh
lu ba pha hnh cau ong c.
Cau chnh lu co ieu ba pha gom 6
tiristor c chia lam hai nhom:
- Nhom anot chung ( nhom chan ): T
2
,
T
4
va T
6
.
- Nhom katot chung ( nhom le): T
1
, T
3
va T
5
.
Goc kch c tnh t giao iem cua cac
na hnh sin song ien ap.
II.1. b Nguyen ly hoat ong va dang
song:
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 41
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
Chnh lu ba pha hnh cau ong c muon
khi ong he thong ta phai kch ong thi 2
tiristor: 1 tiristor nhom le T
1
, T
3
, T
5
va 1 tiristor
nhom chan T
2
, T
4
, T
6
. au tien ta kch T
1
cho T
1
dan,
sau 60
0
ien ta kch tiep T
3
ngha la cac tiristor
c kch cach nhau 1/6 chu ky. Ngoai tr 1 trong 2
tiristor lan au tien ch dan trong 60
0
ien con
tat ca cac tiristor khac khi a c kch no phai
dan trong 120
0
ien. cac thi iem bnh
thng co 2 tiristor dan: 1 nhom chan va 1
nhom le, rieng trong thi gian chuyen mach ien
t ng vi goc chuyen mach co 3 tiristor cung
dan:
- 1 tiristor c kch ang dan dan len.
- 1 tiristor dan ang dan va tat dan.
- 1 tiristor se dan tiep.
Gia s T
5
va T
6
ang dan ien.
Khi ta cho =
1
= /6 + , kch xung ieu
khien cho T
1
. T
1
m v U
a
> 0. T
1
m se lam cho T
1
b khoa mot cach t nhien v U
a
> U
c
. Luc nay T
1
va T
6
cho dong chay qua. ien ap tren tai U
d
=
U
ab
= U
a
U
b
.
Khi cho =
2
= 3 /6 + , kch xung ieu
khien cho T
2
, T
2
m v khi T
6
dan dong, no at len
anot cua T
2
ien ap U
b
, khi =
2
th U
b
> U
c
, T
2
m lam cho T
6
b khoa lai.
Cac xung ieu khien lech nhau /3 c
lan lt a en cc ieu khien cua cac tiristor
theo th t 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 1 Trong moi nhom co
mot tiristor m no se khoa ngay tiristor dan
dong trc no theo bang tom tat sau:
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 42

o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN

MANH HA
Thi iem Thi iem M M Kho Kho
a a

1
= /6
+

2
= 3 /6
+

3
= 5 /6
+

4
= 7 /6
+

5
= 9 /6
+

6
=11 /6
+
T
1
T
2
T
3
T
4
T
5
T
6
T
5
T
6
T
1
T
2
T
3
T
4
o th ien ap ngo ra, dong ien cc
ieu khien va dong ien chay qua cac tiristor
c trnh bay nh sau:
ud
u2a
u2b
u2c
1
3
5
6 2 4
0
Hnh 3. 13 o th dang song ien ap ngo ra
Tng t nh trong he thong chnh lu ba pha
hnh tia ong c, e tm hieu nguyen ly hoat
ong cua he thong chnh lu ba pha hnh cau
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 43
2
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
ong c ta xet goc kch trong cac trng hp
sau:
* Khi = 0: Ta kch tai thi iem chuyen
mach t nhien.


m: So pha cua he thong chnh lu, trong
trng hp nay th m = 6.
* Khi 0:
Ta xet trong cac khoang thi gian (0
i
y l
delta trong v tcs ca mnh ):
Trong khoang thi gian O
1
O
2
, cap T
1
, T
6
dan cho dong ien chay qua. Khi o gia tr cua
ien ap chnh lu:
Trong khoang thi gian O
2
O
3
, cap T
1
, T
2
dan cho
dong ien chay qua nen:
Tng t, ta c:

Gia tr trung bnh cua ien ap chnh lu:
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 44
( 3. 25 )
m
E
m
U U
d c d c d

sin 3
2 max 0 0

)
6
sin( 6 ) (
2 2 1

+ U U U U O O U
ab b a d
)
6
sin( 6 ) (
2 3 2

U U O O U
ac d
)
2
sin( 6 ) (
2 4 3

U U O O U
bc d
)
6
5
sin( 6 ) (
2 5 4

U U O O U
ba d
)
6
7
sin( 6 ) (
2 6 5

U U O O U
ca d
)
2
3
sin( 6 ) (
2 7 6

U U O O U
cb d
( 3. 27 )

cos
6 3
)
6
sin( 6
2
6
2
3 6
6
2
U d U U
d
+

+ +
+

cos sin 3 cos

2 max 0 0
m
E
m
U U
d c d c d
( 3. 26 )
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
Do o, ta thay khi thay oi goc kch th
ta co the thay oi c gia tr trung bnh cua
ien ap at vao phan ng ong c. Khi bien
oi t 0 en th gia tr ien ap trung bnh U
d
bien thien t +U
dmax
en U
dmax
.
Trong khoang thi gian OO
1
, T
5
dan ien
nen U
ngT1
= U
c
U
a
.
Trong khoang thi gian O
3
O
5
, T
3
dan ien
nen: U
ngT1
= U
b
U
a
.
Gia tr cua ien ap ngc cc ai at
len moi tiristor la:
e s o chnh lu ba pha hnh cau co
the lam viec c, cac xung ieu khien can co
o rong ln hn 60
0
ien mi co the am bao
cho viec m ong thi 2 tiristor hai nhom.
II.1.c Hien tng chuyen mach:
oi vi s o chnh lu ba pha hnh cau
ong c co ieu khien, oi xng, qua trnh
chuyen mach ch xay ra gia cac tiristor trong
cung mot nhom. o th bieu dien dang song
ien ap ra cua chnh lu, dong ien chay qua
tiristor va ien ap ngc at len moi tiristor nh
sau:
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 45
2 max
6U U
ng


o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
ud
5 1
3
6 2 4
0
Khi he thong hoat ong, gia s van T
1
, T
2
ang m. Tai thi iem O
1
, ta kch xung e T
3
m.
Luc nay se bat au xay ra s chuyen mach
cua dong ien t T
1
sang T
3
. T
1
va T
3
m ong
thi se lam ngan mach hai au cuon th cap
cua may bien ap. Trong thi gian nay dong ien
chay qua T
3
tang dan t 0 en I
d
, ong thi dong
qua T
1
giam dan t I
d
xuong 0, T
1
bat au ngng
dan. Sau mot khoang thi gian chuyen mach nao
o th dong i
T1
mi thc s giam ve 0 va dong
i
T3
at en gia tr I
d
.
Moi tng quan gia goc chuyen mach
vi cac ai lng cua he thong:
Neu chon O
1
lam goc thi gian, ta c:
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 46
( 3.
28 )
( 3.
29 )
)] cos( [cos
2
6
2 1
+ U
X
I i
td
d T
)] cos( [cos
2
6
2 3
+ U
X
i
td
T
( 3.
30 )
d
td
I
U
X
2
6
2
) cos( cos +
)
6
sin( 2
2

+ + U U
a
)
6
sin( 2
2

+ + U U
a
2
a c
e e +
2
c b
e e +
2
b a
e e +
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
Gia tr trung bnh cua sut ap do hien
tng trung dan gay nen:
Thay gia tr bieu thc ( 3. 30 ) vao ( 3. 31 )
ta c:
Xet trong khoang thi gian O
2
O
3
: U
T1
= u
b

u
a
Trong khoang thi gian O
3
O
4
: T
2
va T
4
trung
dan nen ta co:
U
T1
= u
b
u
a
va U
T1
= u
b
u
c
nen U
T1
= u
b

( u
a
+ u
c
)/2.
Xet trong khoang thi gian O
4
O
5
: U
T1
= u
b

u
c
Trong khoang thi gian O
5
O
6
: T
3
va T
5
trung
dan nen ta co:
U
T1
= u
b
u
a
va U
T1
= u
c
u
a
nen U
T1
= ( u
b
+ u
c
)/2 u
a
.
Tng t cho cac khoang con lai.
Khi ke en s chuyen mach ien t, gia
tr trung bnh cua ien ap chnh lu ba pha hnh
cau:
II. 2. Nhan xet:
So vi he thong chnh lu ba pha hnh tia
ong c th he thong chnh lu ba pha hnh cau co
nhieu u iem hn:
Gia tr ien ap ngo ra cua chnh lu hnh
cau ln hn ien ap chnh lu hnh tia. o nhap
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 47
( 3.
31 )
)] cos( [cos
2
6 3
2

+ U U
( 3.
32 )

d td
I X
U
3

( 3.
33 )

d td
d
I X
U U
3
cos
6 3
2

o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
nho cua song ien ap chnh lu hnh cau thap
hn hnh tia nen chat lng cua chnh lu ba pha
hnh cau la tot nhat. ay la he thong c s
dung pho bien nhat trong thc te.
Ngay nay, cac he thong hien ai ta
co the ieu chnh toc o ln hay nho hn so
vi toc o c ban vi pham vi ieu chnh ln:
D = ( Hang tram hang
ngan )/1.
Nh vay, he thong chnh lu ba pha hnh
cau la mot he thong co:
- ac tnh c cng.
- T ong on nh c toc o khi
phu tai thay oi.
- Co o nhay cao, hieu suat ln.
Nguyen tac c ban e xay dng he truyen
ong T- ao chieu:
_Gi nguyen chieu dong ien phan ng va ao
chieu dong kch t
_Gi nguyen dong kch t va ao chieu dong
phan ng nhng c phan ra 5 s o chnh:
Truyen ong dung mot bo bien oi cap cho
phan ng va ao chieu quay bang cach
ao chieu dong kch t
Truyen ong dung mot bo bien oi cap cho
phan ng va ao chieu quay bang cong tac
t chuyen mach phan ng ( t thong gi
khong oi )
Truyen ong dung 2 bo bien oi cap cho
phan ng ieu khien rieng
Truyen ong dung 2 bo bien oi noi song
song ngc ieu khien chung
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 48
1
3
5
4
6
2
4
6
2
1
3
5
Lc
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
Tuy nhien, moi loai s o eu co u nhc
iem rieng va thch hp vi tng loai tai va
cong nghe
Ta chon bo truyen ong dung 2 bo bien oi
noi song song ngc ieu khien chung bi no
dung cho dai cong suat va va ln co tan so
ao chieu cao va thc hien ao chieu em hn
III. S o- nguyen ly lam viec:( b bin i kp
song song ngc )
S o gom hai bo bien oi G
1
va G
2
au song
song ngc vi cuon khang can bang L
c
. Tng
bo bien oi co the lam viec che o chnh
lu hoac nghch lu. Ca 2 bo bien oi G
1
va G
2
eu nhan c xung m tai moi thi iem. Ta goi

1
la goc m oi vi G
1
,
2
la goc m oi vi
G
2
, th s phoi hp gia hai gia tr
1
va
2
phai
c thc hien theo quan he :
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 49
a1=180
a2=0 a1=0
a2=180
0
30
60
90
120
150
180
uc2 uc1
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA

1
+
2
= 180
o

s phoi hp nay la tuyen tnh
Bieu o phoi hp
tuyen tnh
Gia s ta can ong c quay thuan ta cho G
1
lam
viec che o chnh lu

1
= 0 90
o
, U
d1
> 0 bay gi
2
> 90
o
G
2
lam viec
che o nghch lu, U
i2
< 0
U
d1
= U
0
cos
1
> 0
U
i2
= U
0
cos
2
< 0
Ca hai ien ap U
d1
va U
i2
eu at len phan
ng cua ong c M. ong c ch co the nghe
theo U
d1
va quay thuan. ong c t choi U
i2
v
cac tiristor khong the cho dong chay t catot
en anot.
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 50

1
=
180
o

1
= 0

2
= 0

2
=
180
o
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
Khi
1
=
2
= 90
o
, U
d1
= U
i2
= 0 luc nay ien
ap at len phan ng cua ong c bang khong.
ong c trang thai dng.
Gia s u
c
la ien ap ieu khien bo ieu
khien khi can khi ong M quay thuan ta cho u
c
=
u
c1

1
= 30
o
,
2
= 180
1
= 150
o

;
G
1
lam viec che o chnh lu con G
2
lam
viec che o i
Neu bay gi can giam toc o quay
cua ong c ta cho u
c
= u
c2
, cac goc m
1
=
60
o
,
2
= 120
o

;
Luc nay do quan tnh nen sc ien ong E
cua ong c van con gi nguyen tr so ng
vi trang thai trc o, E > U
d1
bo bien oi G
1
b khoa lai.
Mac khac, E > U
i2
nen bo bien oi G
2
lam
viec che o nghch lu phu thuoc, tra nang
lng tch luy trong ong c ve nguon ien xoay
chieu. Dong ien phan ng oi dau, chay t M
vao G
2
ong c b ham tai sinh, toc o giam
xuong en gia tr ng vi U
d1
.
Neu cho ien ap ieu khien u
c
< 0 th G
2
se
lam viec che o chnh lu con G
1
se lam
viec che o nghch lu phu thuoc.
ac iem cua s o ao dong ang xet la
co mot dong ien luc th chay t G
1
vao G
2
, luc
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 51
0 1
2
3
U U
d

0 2
2
3
U U
i

0
'
2
2
1
U U
i

0
'
1
2
1
U U
d

ccm
cc
cc
I
I
I
*
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
th chay t G
2
vao G
1
ma khong qua mach tai.
Ngi ta goi la dong tuan hoan.
Dong ien tuan hoan lam cho may bien ap
va cac tiristor phai lam viec nang ne hn. e
han che dong ien tuan hoan ngi ta dung 4
ien cam L
c

Gia tr trung bnh cua dong tuan hoan :
t:
: goi la gia tr tng oi cua dong ien
tuan hoan
Trong o: : gia tr cc ai cua
dong ien tuan hoan
Quan he I
*
cc
= f(
1
) c trnh bay tren hnh
ve. ien cam L
c
phai c tnh toan sao cho gia
tr trung bnh cua dong tuan hoan trong trng
hp xau nhat khong vt qua 10% gia tr nh
mc cua dong ien phu tai I
d
.

6 2 4
1 3 5

SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 52
) cos (sin
6 3
1 1 1
2

ct
cc
X
V
I
ct
ccm
X
V
I
2
. 6

o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN

MANH HA

0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.9
30 60
90 120 150 180
o o o o o o
PHAN III: TNH CHON MACH ONG LC
1. Chon ong c ien mot chieu :
Co cac thong so sau:
P
m
= 30 kw
U
m
= 220 v

m
= 0.95
n
m
= 1500 vong/phut
* ien ap chnh lu khong tai bao gom:
U
do
= U
d
+ U
r
+ U

+ U

+ U
cb
Vi :
U
d
: ien ap chnh lu 220v
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 53
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
U
r
: sut ap tren ien tr day quan
MBA , U
r
= 3% U
d
U

: sut ap tren ien khang day quan
MBA va sut ap do hien tng trung dan , U

=
2% U
d
U

: sut ap tren 2 tiristor , U

= 2.2 = 4v
U
cb
: sut ap tren cuon khang can
bang , U
cb
= 0.8% U
d
Vay ien ap chnh lu khong tai la:
U
do
= 220 + ( 3 + 2 + 0.8 ) . 220/100 + 4 =
236.8 ( V )
Gia tr hieu dung cua ien ap pha th cap
may bien ap :
2 . 101
6 3
76 . 236 * 14 . 3
6 3
.
2

do
U
U

(V)
ien ap ngc ln nhat at len tiristor:
84 . 247 2 . 101 * 6 6
2
U U
im (V)
Dong ien trung bnh chay trong moi tiristor:
6 2
1
3
0
d
d tb
I
d I I

vi
54 . 143
220 * 95 . 0
10 . 30
.
3

dm
dm
d
U
P
I

(A)
vay
92 . 23
6
54 . 143

tb
I
(A)
Do ton tai dong tuan hoan chay qua cac bo
bien oi G
1
, G
2
va may bien ap ma khong qua
phu tai nen che o lam viec cua may bien
ap va tiristor nang ne hn. Trng hp toi te
nhat dong tuan hoan I
cc
= 4% I
d
.
2. Chon tiristor:
Theo thc te e chon tiristor lam viec an
toan ta phai chon
- He so d tr ve dong ien K
i
= 1.2
- He so d tr ve ien ap K
u
= 1.6
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 54
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
Phai chon tiristor t nhat chu c ien ap
ngc :
U
im
= 1.6*247.84 = 396.544 (V)
Va chu c dong ien trung bnh:
I
tb
= 1.2*23.92 = 28.71 (A)
Tra bang ta chon tiristor T -50 do lien xo che
tao co cac thong so sau:
I
tb
= 50 (A)
U
im
= 0.1 1 (KV)
U = 1.3 (V) , t
off
= 10.5 ( s) , I
g
= 0.9 (A) , U
g
= 3 (V)
3. Tnh toan may bien ap ong lc:
May bien ap trong he thong nay co cong
suat c trung bnh. Do o se co li ve day quan
neu ta tang so vong day s cap len
3
lan va
giam tiet dien i
3
lan. e lam c viec nay
pha s cap phai noi va pha th cap noi .
Luc nay t so may bien ap :
266 . 0
380
2 . 101
1
2

U
U
n
Gia tr hieu dung cua dong ien chay trong
moi pha th cap cua MBA:
6 . 58
6
54 . 143
6
2

d
I
I
(A)
Gia tr hieu dung cua dong ien chay trong
moi pha s cap :
6 . 15 6 . 58 * 266 . 0 .
2 1
I n I
(A)
* Mach t:
-cong suat bieu kien cua may bien ap:
S
1
= 3U
1
I
1
= 3* 380 * 15.6 = 17784 (VA)
S
2
= 3U
2
I
2
= 3* 101.2 * 58.6 = 17791 (VA)
S = ( S
1
+ S
2
) / 2 = 17787.5 (VA)
Chon mach t 3 tru, tiet dien moi tru c
tnh theo cong thc kinh nghiem :
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 55
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
cf
P
K Q
trong o: K = 5 6 vi may bien ap kho
P : cong suat bieu kien cua may
bien ap
c : so tru
f : tan so cua nguon xoay chieu, f = 50
Hz
3 . 65
50 * 3
5 . 17787
6 Q
cm
2

Mach t c lam bang cac la thep k
thuat ien ghep lai vi nhau e giam dong
ien xoay, ton that 1.3w/kg, trong lng 7.5 kg/dm
3
* Tru:
-tiet dien tho cua tru: 10*6 + 4*6 = 84
cm
2
-tiet dien hieu qua : 0.95 * 84 = 79.8
cm
2
-trong lng : 7.5 * 0.798 * 2.4 * 3 =
43.1 kg
* Qui lat :
-tiet dien tho : 10 * 10 = 100 cm
2
-tiet dien hieu qua : 0.95* 100 = 95 cm
2
-trong lng : 7.5 * 0.95 * 5 * 2 = 71.25
kg
Trong lng loi thep : 43.1 + 71.25 = 114.35
kg
* T cam :
trong cac tru chon
1 . 1
m
B
(T)
trong cac qui lat chon
924 . 0
95
8 . 79
* 1 . 1
'
m B
(T)
* Day quan :
So vong day moi pha :
-s cap :
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 56
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
186
1 . 1 * 10 . 84 * 50 * 44 . 4
380
. . 44 . 4
4
1
1

m
B Q f
U
n
vong
-th cap :
50
380
2 . 101
* 186
1
2
1 2

U
U
n n
vong
chon mat o dong ien : J
1
= J
2
= 3 (A/mm
2
)
ng knh day pha s cap :
57 . 2
14 . 3 * 3
6 . 15 * 4 4
1
1

J
I
d
mm
ng knh day pha th cap :
5
14 . 3 * 3
6 . 58 * 4 4
2
2

J
I
d
mm
tra bang ta chon day co:
d
1
= 2.83 mm ; S = 6.92 mm
2
; 55.97
g/m ; 0.00278
m /
d
2
= 5.2 mm ; S = 21.24 mm
2
; 189g/m ; r
= 0.000811
m /
Ong day quan: long vao moi tru 1 ong day
quan lam bang vat lieu cach ien day 1
mm, co ban knh trong la 72 mm. Vay ban knh
cua vong day s cap la 74 mm.
* Day quan s cap: 186 vong chia thanh 4 lp,
gia 2 lp at 1 t giay cach ien, day 0.1
mm
Be day cua moi day quan s cap la:
e
1
= 4 * 2.83 + 0.3 = 11.62 mm
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 57
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
Ban knh trung bnh cua moi day quan:
74 +
81 . 79
2
62 . 11

mm
Chieu dai cua day quan s cap:
27 . 93 186 * 10 * 81 . 79 * 2
3

m
ien tr nhiet o C 75
o
la:
) ( 26 . 0 ) 000475 . 0 1 ( * 27 . 93 * 00278 . 0
1
+ r
* Day quan th cap:
Gia day quan s cap va th cap e mot
khoang cach 8mm. Day quan th cap gom 50
vong va chia thanh 3 lp gia 2 lp at mot
t giay cach ien day 0.1mm.
Be day day quan th cap:
8 . 15 2 . 0 2 . 5 * 3
2
+ e
(mm)
Ban knh trung bnh cua day quan th cap:
74 + 11.62 + 8 + 15.8/2 = 101.62 (mm)
Chieu dai cua day quan th cap:
91 . 31 50 * 10 * 62 . 101 * 2
3


l m
ien tr day quan nhiet o C 75
o
la:
) ( 026 . 0 ) 000475 . 0 1 ( * 91 . 31 * 10 * 11 . 8
4
2
+

r
ien khang moi pha:
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 58
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
) ( 02 . 0 10 314 10 )
2
16 62 . 11
8 (
236
8 . 36
50 14 . 3 8
10 )
2
( 8
7 3 2 2
7 2 1 2
2
2

+
+

+
+

e e
a
h
r
n x
trong o:
r: ban knh trung bnh cua 2 cuon day
r = e
1
+ e
2
+ 4 = 11.62 + 15.8 + 4 = 31.42
(mm)
h: chieu cao 2 day quan
h = 236 mm

: tan so goc, a= 0.008

ien ap ri tren ien khang:
89 . 12
14 . 3
54 . 143 094 . 0 3 3

d
XI
U
(V)
ien ap ri tren ien tr:
43 . 6 54 . 143
186
50
26 . 0 026 . 0
2
2
1
2
1 2

1
1
]
1

,
_

+
1
1
]
1

,
_

+
d r
I
n
n
r r U
(V)
ien ap chnh lu khi ay tai:
48 . 217 43 . 6 89 . 12 8 . 236
r do d
U U U U
(V)
4. Tnh chon cuon khang san bang dong tai:
Cuon khang san bang dong tai c mac
noi tiep vi ong c nham muc ch giam o
nhap nho cua dong ien chnh lu e ong
c lam viec c tot hn, giam cac ton that
phu trong ong c.
Thanh phan song bac cao cua dong chnh
lu khong vt qua 5% dong tai
) ( 18 . 7
100
54 . 143
5
~
A I
d

gia tr cuon khang phai chon sao cho am bao
ieu kien nay luc ong c lam viec gia tr
nh mc goc m
0
th dong tai ln nhat,
thanh phan xoay chieu ien tai ln nhat.
Khai trien Furier ien ap chnh lu:

,
_

35
6 cos 2
1 U
6 3
u
2 d
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 59
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
Pt mach tai luc lam viec:
~ ~
2
d d
d
d d d
U U
dt
di
L Ri RI E U + + + +
Can bang cac thanh phan 1 chieu va xoay
chieu:
U
d
= E + RI
d
dt
di
L Ri U
d
d d
~
~ ~
+
thc te th
dt
di
L Ri
d
d
~
~
<< nen gan ung ta co:
dt
di
L U
d
d
~
~

tc la:
dt
di
L
U
d
~
2
6 cos
35
6 6

=>
t 6 sin U
L 35
6
d 6 cos U
35
6 6
.
L
1
l
2
t
0
2

Gia tr hieu dung cua thanh phan song

hai nay la:
2
1
U
L 35
6 18
I
2

theo ieu kien rang buoc

18 . 7

I
(A)
18 . 7
2
1
35
6 18
2

L
U

4 2
10 42 . 12
2
1
18 . 7 35 2
6 18

U
L
(H)
L: tong gia tr cua ien cam cuon khang sang
bang va ien cam cua phu tai ong c L
pt

L = L
sb
+ L
pt

Vi
Im m dm
dm
pt
I p
U
L L

trong o:
: he so phu thuoc kieu ong c, ta chon
ong c dang co bu
25 . 0
p : so oi cc t, p = 2
( ) s / rad 157
60
1500 2
60
n 2
dm

SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 60
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA

3
10 2 . 1
54 . 143 * 157 * 2
220 * 25 . 0


pt
L
(H)
vay cuon khang sang bang c chon la :
L
sb
= L - L
pt
= 1.242 1.2 = 0.042 (mH)
5. Tnh chon cuon khang can bang l
c
Do ac tnh cua s o ao dong noi song song
ngc hnh cau co 1 dong tuan hoan i
cc
luc th
chay t G
1
vao G
2
, luc th chay t G
2
vao G
1
.
e han che dong tuan hoan ngi ta mac
them cuon ien cam L
c
nh trong s o mach
lc goi la cuon khang can bang. Dong can
bang at gia tr ln nhat khi goc m
o
2
o
1
120 , 60
hoac
o
2
o
1
60 , 120
Gia tr cc ai cua dong tuan hoan
CT
2
ccm
X
U 6
I
vi X
CT
= 2X
C
+ 2X
ha
32 . 0
I
I
I
ccm
max cc *
max cc

=>
CT CT
ccm cc
X X
U
I I
09 . 56 3
32 . 0 32 . 0
2
max

Trong trng hp xau nhat la dong i
ccmax
khong
vt qua 10% gia tr dong ien tai. Tc la:
) ( 354 . 14
10
54 . 143
100
10
max
A
I
I
d
cc

=>
( ) 91 . 3
354 . 14
09 . 56
354 . 14
09 . 56
CT
CT
X
X
Vay
) ( 01 . 0
314
91 . 3
H
X
L
CT
CT

vi L
CT
= 2L
C
+ 2L
ba
=>
( )
ba CT C
L 2 L
2
1
L
vi
) H ( 10 9 . 2
314
094 . 0 X
L
4 ba
ba

=>
( ) ) H ( 10 97 . 4 10 9 . 2 2 01 . 0
2
1
L
4 4
C


SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 61
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
PHAN IV: TNH CHON MACH IEU KHIEN
Trong thc te, ngi ta dung 2 nguyen tac ieu
khien
* Nguyen tac ieu khien thang ng
arccos:
Theo nguyen tac nay ngi ta dung 2 ien ap
ien ap ong bo U
r
vt trt ien ap
anod catod
ien ap ieu khien U
c
la ien ap 1 chieu
co the ieu chnh c bien o theo 2
hng am va dng.
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 62
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
ng net t la ien ap anod catod Tiristor,
t ien ap nay ngi ta tao ra U
r
:

ur +uc
uc
ur
Tong ai so U
r
+ U
c
c a en au vao cua
khau so sanh
0 cos B U
c
+
=>

,
_

B
U
arccos
c
Ngi ta lay B = U
cmax
Nh vay, khi U
c
bien thien t - U
cmax
en U
cmax
th
goc

bien thien t
1 0
.
Trong o an nay phan t ta chon la
vi mach TCA 780 da tren nguyen tac ieu
khien thang ng.
TCA 780
16
1
9
8
TCA 780 la mot vi mach phc hp thc hien
c 4 chc nang cua mot mach ieu khien
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 63
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
ien ap ong bo, tao ien ap rang ca ong
bo, so sanh va tao xung ra.
Co the mo ta hoat ong cua vi mach TCA
780 bang gian o thong so chu yeu cua TCA
780:
ien ap nuoi : U
s
= 18 V.
Dong ien tieu thu : I
s
= 10 mA.
Dong ien ra : I = 50 mA.
ien ap rang ca : U
rmax
= ( U
s
2) (V).
ien tr trong mach tao ien ap rang ca:
k 500 k 20 R
9 .
ien ap ieu khien :
( ) 2 U 5 . 0 U
s 11

(V).
Dong ien ong bo :
A 200 I
s

.
Tu ien :
F 5 . 0 C
10

.
Tan so xung ra :
Hz 500 10 f
.
* Nguyen ly lam viec cua he thong
ieu khien:
oi vi tiristor m cho dong ien chay
qua khi ien ap dng at len anot va co
xung ap dng at len cc ieu khien.
Sau khi tiristor a m th xung ieu khien
khong con tac dung, dong ien chay qua
tiristor do thong so cua mach ong lc quyet
nh.
* Mach ieu khien co cac chc nang
sau:
-ieu chnh c v tr xung ieu khien
trong pham vi na chu ky dng cua ien ap
at len anot-catot-tiristor
-Tao ra cac xung u ieu kien m c
tiristor, xung ieu khien thng co bien o
khoang 2 15v o rong xung t
x
phai ln hn
hoac bang 10 s. Trng hp tai co tnh cam
th t
x
phai ln hn nhieu co khi t
x
= 500 s.
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 64
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
-Dng c s phat xung khi co s co
-Phan phoi cac xung cho cac kenh ieu
khien theo qui luat yeu cau
Qua trnh tao ra mot xung ieu khien phai
lan lt i qua cac khau:
-khau tao ra ien ap rang ca cua ong
pha
-khau so sanh
-khau khuech ai xung
1. Khau tao ra ien ap rang ca cua
ong pha va khau so sanh :
Khau tao ien ap rang ca cua ong pha
va so sanh do vi mach TCA780 am trach.
TCA780 lam viec theo nguyen tac ieu
khien thang ng tuyen tnh:
Theo nguyen tac nay ngi ta cung dung 2
ien ap
_ien ap ong bo U
r
co dang rang ca,
ong bo vi ien ap at tren anod catod
cua Tiristor.
_ien ap ieu khien U
c
la ien ap 1
chieu co the thay oi c
Tong ai so U
r
+ U
c
c a en au vao
cua 1 khau so sanh. Nh vay, bang cach
lam bien oi U
c
ngi ta co the ieu khien
c thi iem xuat hien xung ra, tc la
ieu khien c goc m

.
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 65
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
us
ucm
-usm
usm
us
0
Quan he gia

va U
c
la:
max r
c
U
U

ngi ta lay U
cmax
= U
rmax
e

co the chay t
o
180 0

u5
u11
u10
u15
u14
u'15
u'14
u11
u10
chn
12 ni
t
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 66
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
S O VI MACH TCA780
V(t) ien ap ong pha
Tu ien C
10
tham gia vao khau tao ien
ap xung rang ca, no c nap bang dong
ien i t chan so 10 va dong i c ieu
chnh bang R
9
(thng th R
9
= 20 500k )
Dong ien c tnh:
9 9
8
8 . 3
R R
U
i

10
10
C
t
i U
Tai thi iem t = t
o
; U
10
= U
c
= U
11
. Nhan c
xung ra tai chan 15 neu V(t) > 0 hoac mot xung ra
chan 14 neu V(t) < 0.
t
o
= (C
10
. U
10
)/I = (R
9
. C
10
. U
c
) / U
8

goc m = .t
o
goc m bien thien t 0 180
o
cung co the
thay oi bang cach thay oi U
c
hoac R
9

Tu C
12
co tac dung khuech ai o rong xung ra.
Co the chon C
12
t 0 300pF e co o rong cua
xung t 30 200 s .Neu muon co o rong xung
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 67
15
14
8
5
RD
1 9 10 12
16 13 6 11
C10
C12
R9
Us
Uc
V(t) TCA780
Us
Rc
D2
R2
BAX
R1
Rg
C
F
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
ln hn ta co the chon C
12
co tr so ln hn
300pF
U
s
: ien ap nguon nuoi t cac chan 6,13,16
vi ien ap mot chieu (U
s
= 18v)
U
c
: ien ap ieu khien lay t chan 11 co
ien ap khoang 0.5 16v
2. Khau khuech ai xung:
Xung ra tren vi mach TCA780 cha u ln e
co the m tiristor do o can khuech ai xung co
bien o u ln e co the m tiristor.
Khau khuech ai xung bao gom: transistor,
bien ap xung , diot va cac ien tr phan cc cho
transistor.
S o khau khuech ai xung:
* Hoat ong cua s o:
Tn hieu vao la V
e
( la mot tn hieu logic) c
lay t chan 14 va 15 cua TCA
-Khi V
e
= 1 th transistor T bao hoa
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 68
T
Dz
1
D3
D4
R3
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
-Khi V
e
= 0 th D
z1
b chan lai va transistor b
khoa
Chc nang tng linh kien trong s o:
D3 : co nhiem vu hng dong cung cap cho
transistor
D4 : la diot ngan chan xung am co the co
khi tiristor khoa
Rc : ien tr han che dong colect
D2 : han che qua ien ap tren cac cc C,E
cua transistor
Rg : la ien tr han che dong ieu khien
tiristor
R3 : la ien tr anh hng bien o va
sn xung ra
R1 va R2 : la ien tr han che dong phan
cc I
b
cua transistor
Gia thiet khi t = 0 ;V
e
=1 T m, ien cam L
1
cua bien ap xung ngan can khong cho I
c
at ngay
gia tr bao hoa cua no la
c
R
U
I
1
vay dong i
c
ch co the tang trng t t theo
luat ham mu

,
_

t
c
c L
e
R
U
i i 1
vi
c
R
L
1

sau thi gian khoang 5 th i
c
I
1

Ben th cap may bien ap xuat hien mot
xung ap tren R3 e m tiristor
Khi t = t
1
= T
1
, V
e
= 0, bay gi i
L
mi at ti
gia tr
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 69
L
R
1
+
-
U
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA

( ) ( )
1
0 1 1
1
1
R
U
I e
R
U
t i t i
T
C
C L

,
_

T b khoa lai , i
c
= 0
Neu khong co diot D2 th nang lng
2
0 1
2
1
I L W
se
sinh ra qua ien ap tren cac cc C va E cua
transistor. Qua ien ap nay co the vt qua
100v, transistor T co the b pha huy
Diot D2 loai tr hien tng qua ien ap noi
tren, bi v va khi U
cf
= V
c
V
f
= 0.8v th D2 m cho
dong chay qua, no lam ngan mach hai iem C
va F. Do o U
CE
= U+0.8 T t = t
1
tr i i
L
suy giam
theo luat
'
.
0

t
L
e I I

trong o
'
1 '
R
L

, R la ien tr cua cuon cam
L
1
Xet phan t quan trong trong khau khuech ai
xung la BAX. Trong thc te tnh toan ngi ta
thng bo qua ien cam tan cua BAX, bay gi
co s o thay the sau:
R
2

ien tr th cap qui oi sang pha s cap

L ien cam chnh cua BAX
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 70
R
2

o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN

MANH HA
Di dang toan t Laplace, tong tr cua
toan mach la:
( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
bt
bt
e
R R
U
t i
e a
R
U
t i
Lp R R R R
Lp R
p
U
p I
Lp R
Lp R R R R
p Z

+ +
+

+
+ +

'
2 1
2
1
1
'
2 1
'
2 1
'
2
1
'
2
'
2 1
'
2 1
. 1
.
trong o
'
2 1
'
2
R R
R
a
+

,
( ) L R R
R R
b
'
2 1
'
2 1
+

do o ( ) ( )
bt
e U a t i R t u

. .
2
'
2 2

o rong cua xung ra:

max 2
2
U
SB W
T
s
x

trong o: W
2
so vong day th cap BAX
S dien tch loi sat
U
2max
bien o xung ran
3. Phoi hp goc ieu khien:
ien ap at vao phan ng cua ong c:
Trong o: U
do
= const do vay toc o cua ong
c phu thuoc vao

. Theo nguyen tac ieu

khien thang ng, muon thay oi goc m

th
thay oi U
dk
. Vi 2 bo Tiristor G
1
va G
2
lam viec
phoi hp ta dung ieu khien chung. Do o ieu
kien:
o
2 1
180 +
vi 1

ta co U
dk1
, vi 2

ta co U
dk2
. Do o, ta phai
ieu khien sao cho U
dk1
+ U
dk2
= const. Muon co
ieu o, ta dung mach tr sao cho:
U
dk2
= U
const
U
dk1
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 71
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
15
v
uk1
R
R
u1
R
R
u2
uk2
U
dk1
a vao chan 11 cua 3 TCA 780 ieu khien
G
1
U
dk2
a vao chan 11 cua 3 TCA 780 ieu khien
G
2
ieu khien toc o tc la thay oi goc m

hay chnh la thay oi U
dk
. Trong trng hp nay
ngi ta dung 1 bien tr.
PHAN IV: TNH CHON MACH BAO VE
oi vi chnh lu ban dan, khi tnh toan cung
nh van hanh ta phai at biet lu y en van
e bao ve qua dong ien va qua ien ap.
V van ban dan co kch thc nho, nhiet dung
be va mat o dong ien qua mat tiep giap p-n
ln nen no rat nhay vi qua tai ve dong.
Hang so thi gian phat nong cua 1 ban Silic
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 72
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
trong van cong suat ln c ch vai phan tram
giay. Do o, khau bao ve dong ien oi hoi
phai co o tac ong nhanh.
Mat van ban dan cung rat nhay vi qua
ien ap. Ch can ton tai 1 ien ap ngc ln
hn gia tr cho phep trong khoang
( ) s 2 1
th mat
tiep giap co the b choc thung ve ien.
Tnh chon thiet b bao ve:
a) Cong suat ton that va lam mat:
Khi Tiristor m cho dong chay qua, cong suat
ben trong se ot nong chung. Mat ghep ni b
nong nhat, ta dung k hieu j
T
e ch nhiet o
mat ghep.
jm
T
la nhiet o ln nhat cho phep
oi vi ban dan Ge :
C 100 80 T
o
jm

oi vi ban dan Si :
C 200 150 T
o
jm

Tiristor rat nhay vi nhiet o. Neu khi lam
viec nhiet o vt qua nhiet o jm
T
cho phep
th du thi gian rat nho cung co the pha
hong Tiristor. V vay viec tnh toan nhiet o
mat ghep la can thiet.
Nhiet o khong kh moi trng lam anh
hng rat ln en s lam viec an toan cua
Tiristor. Khi khong lam mat th kha nang chu
c dong khoang
( )% 40 30
dong nh mc. Bien
phap lam mat thong dung nhat la dung quat
khong kh bao quanh canh tan nhiet. oi vi
cong suat ln th ta cho nc trc tiep chay
qua canh tan nhiet hoac ngam cac thiet b
ban dan trong dau bien the.
b) Bao ve qua dong ien:
Co 2 loai qua dong ien, ngan mach va qua
tai
a.Ngan mach:
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 73
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
Dung e ch cac trng hp s co tao ra
dong ien qua ln nh ngan mach tren tai,
tren thanh dan th cap cua MBA ( ngan
mach ben ngoai), ngan mach cac pha do choc
thung van ( ngan mach ben trong), do ot
bien nghch lu.
b.Qua tai:
Xuat hien trong khong gian lam viec xac lap
hoac qua o. No co gia tr khong ln lam
va cho phep ton tai lau dai hn.
e bao ve Tiristor tranh b dong ien pha
hoai, ngi ta thng dung day chay tac ong
nhanh. Loai day chay nay thng lam bang
bac la at trong vo s co cha cat thach anh
hoac nc cat.
Hoat ong cua dong chay chia thanh 2 giai
oan:
Giai oan chay t t = 0 en khi xuat hien
ho quang
Giai oan ho quang t t
hq
en t
c
.
Dong ien chay qua day dan sinh ra nhiet
lng Q = i
2
Rt, co nhieu cach at day chay e
bao ve thiet b ban dan.
+ at noi tiep vi tng Tiristor
+ at tng pha th cap cua MBA
+ at noi tiep vi nhom Tiristor noi
song song
+ at au ra cua thiet b bien oi
+ at pha s cap cua MBA
Cac thong so at trng cho dong chay la
ien ap nh mc va dong ien nh mc.
Khong nen at at day chay vao ien ap
cao hn ien ap cua day chay. Dong ien
nh mc cua day chay phai bang hoac ln
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 74
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
hn dong ien no bao ve, nhng khong qua
10%.
Bao ve rieng biet tng Tiristor c s dung
trong trng hp khi 1 Tiristor b choc thung nhng
van yeu cau bo bien oi tiep tuc lam viec.
Neu co n Tiristor ghep song song ma 1 Tiristor b
choc thung th dong tai chia eu cho (n-1) Tiristor
con lai. Vay khi chon dong inh mc cua dong
tai can lu y trng hp nay.
imax
imax
thq tc
t
Ta chon loai day chay co thong so:
U
m
= 220v , I
m
= 2.5A
c)Bao ve qua ien ap cho Tiristor:
Tiristor rat nhay cam vi qua ien ap. Qua
ien ap c chia thanh 2 nguyen nhan chnh:
Nguyen nhan noi tai: ay la s tch tu
ien tch dng trong cac lp ban dan. Khi
khoa Tiristor bang ien ap ngc, cac ien
ap noi tren oi ngc la hanh trnh tao ra
dong ien ngc trong thi gian rat ngan.
S bien thien nhanh chong cua dong ien
ngc gay ra suat ien ong cam ng rat
ln trong cac ien cam, luon luon co cac
ng day nguon dan en cac Tiristor. V
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 75
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
vay gia cac anod va catod cua cac Tiristor
xuat hien qua ien ap.
Nguyen nhan ngoai: nguyen nhan nay xay
ra ngau nhien khi cat khong tai 1 MBA, khi
co sam set
e bao ve qua ien ap ngi ta dung
mach RC
Mach RC noi song song vi cac Tiristor nham
bao ve qua ien ap do tch tu ien tch khi
chuyen mach gay nen.
Thong so cua mach RC vao mc qua ien
ap co the xay ra toc o bien thien cua
dong ien chuyen mach, ien cam tren ng
day, dong ien t hoa MBA, viec tnh toan
tng oi phc tap.
i
t
i
URC
Theo kinh nghiem, vi s o nay ta co the
chon
R = 25 , C =
F 47
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 76
o an mon hoc GVHD: NGUYEN
MANH HA
Tuy nhien, cac loai Tiristor san xuat gan ay con
co kha nang chu ng
dt
du
cao c
s
v
2000

cho phep
bao ve RC.
SVTH:HUYNH KIM SON
trang 77