Giaotrinh S7200

Hng dan s dung S7-200
1
Chng trnh hoc S7_200
A.On tap ky thuat so:
I/ Cac kieu so:
1/ So nh phan(c so 2):
La so ma hang n v ch co 2 gia tr la 0 ( sai ) va 1 ( ung) .
VD : theo chieu tang dan ta co 0,1,10,11,100,101,110,111,1000,
So 8 bieu dien trong he nh phan la: 1000
2/ He c so 8:
La so ma hang n v co 8 gia tr la 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7.
VD : theo chieu tang dan ta co 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,20,
So 15 bieu dien trong he c so 8 la : 17
3/ He c so 10:
La so ma hang n v co 10 gia tr la 0,1,2,3,,9
VD :Theo chieu tang dan ta co: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,
So 15 bieu dien trong he c so 10 la 15
4/ So hex( c so 16):
La so ma hang n v ch co 16 gia tr la 0,1,2,3,4,5,,9,A,B,C,D,E,F.
VD :Theo chieu tang dan ta co 0,1,2,3,,A,B,C,D,E,F,10,11,,19,1A,1B,1C,1E,1F,20..
So 20 bieu dien trong he c so 16 la14
5/ Ma BCD so nguyen dng:
Ma BCD la dang dung bien hai tr ( 0 hoac 1) e the hien nhng ch so.
VD: Ma BCD so 259 la: 0010 0101 1001
2 5 9
6/ Cach qui oi gia tr mot so he c so n sang he thap phan:
Gia s mot so he c n co (m+1) ch so tong quat nh sau:
X
m
X
m-1
X
m-2
..X
2
X
1
X
0
Trong o, cac gia tr m,(m-1), (m-2) 2,1,0 c goi la trong so cac ch so.
So ng v tr cao nhat (bien trai) goi la so co trong so cao nhat, so ng v tr thap nhat
(bien phai) goi la so co trong so thap nhat .
Cach qui oi gia tr thap phan nh sau:
Gia tr thap phan = X
m
.n
m
+ X
m-1
.n
m-1
+ X
m-2
.n
m-2
++ X
1
.n
1
+ X
0
.n
0
n
1
=n
n
0
= 1
VD: oi so 24B3 trong he c 16 sang he thap phan
24B3
trong so 3210
oi sang he thap phan:
Gia tr = 2.16
3
+4.16
2
+11.16
1
+3 =9395 ( B=11)
VD: oi so 1011 trong he nh phan sang he thap phan
1011
trong so 3210
oi sang he thap phan:
Cng Ty TNHH-TM-SX-DVKT-NHT HO
Ti liu tham kho t trn mng. Website:www.nhathao.com.vn Email:info@nhathao.com.vn
2
Gia tr = 1.2
3
+0.2
2
+1.2
1
+1 =11
Cach qui oi gia tr mot so he nh phan sang so HEX:
e bieu dien mot so hang n v cua so HEX bang so nh phan, ta can mot so nh phan 4 bit,
cu the nh sau:
He nh phan So HEX
0000 0
0001 1
0010 2
0011 3
0100 4
0101 5
0110 6
0111 7
1000 8
1001 9
1010 A
1011 B
1100 C
1101 D
1110 E
1111 F
Nh vay, e oi mot so nh phan sang so HEX, ta co qui tac nh sau:
4 bit thap nhat trong so nh phan tng ng hang n v trong he HEX
4 bit ke tiep tng ng hang chuc trong he HEX
VD: 1011 1000 0101 = B85

1000 0100 1111 1100 = 84FC
Qui tat oi ngc lai cung tng t.
Bai tap bai 1:
a/ oi so HEX 12AB sang so thap phan
b/ oi so nh phan 1011010 sang he thap phan
c/ oi so HEX A9C sang he thap phan va nh phan. oi so nh phan tren sang so thap phan
e kiem tra ket qua.
Tnh gia tr thap phan cao nhat cua so nh phan 4 bit. Rut ra qui luat tnh gia tr cao nhat cua
so nh phan n bit.
II/ Cac khai niem ve so:
1/ Bit:
Ch co 2 gia tr: 1 ( ung) hoac 0 (sai)
V du: Bien Motor bang 1 th Motor chay
Ngc lai bien Motor bang 0 th Motor dng.
2/ Byte:
La so co gia tr 8 bit,do vay gia tr nho nhat cua Byte la 0 (00000000),va gia tr ln nhat la
255 (11111111)
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3/ Word:
La so co gia tr 16 bit,do vay gia tr nho nhat cua Word la 0 ,va gia tr ln nhat la 2
16
-1
4/Double Word:
La so nguyen co gia tr 32 bit,do vay gia tr nho nhat cua Double Word la 0 ,va gia tr ln
nhat la 2
32
-1
5/ So Int:
La so co gia tr 16 bit,nhng bit co trong so ln nhat la bit dau,do vay gia tr cua so dang nay
co gia tr t (2
15
-1) en (2
15
-1).
6/ So Double Int:
La so nguyen co gia tr 32 bit,nhng bit co trong so ln nhat la bit dau,do vay gia tr cua so
dang nay co gia tr t (2
31
-1) en (2
31
-1).
6/ So Real:
La so thc co gia tr 32 bit,nhng bit co trong so ln nhat la bit dau,do vay gia tr cua so
dang nay co gia tr t (2
31
-1) en (2
31
-1).
III/ Cac phep toan Logic:
1/ Phep AND
Bang gia tr phep toan And:
X1 X2 X1 AND X2
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1
2/ Phep OR:
Bang gia tr phep toan OR:
X1 X2 X1 OR X2
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 1
3/ Phep XOR:
Bang gia tr phep toan XOR:
X1 X2 X1 XOR X2
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0
3/ Phep NOT:
Bang gia tr phep toan NOT:
X1 NOT X1
0 1
1 0
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Khi thc hien phep toan AND,OR hay XOR cho 2 so co n bit th cac bit co trong so bang
nhau se c AND, OR hay XOR tng oi mot.
VD1: 1001
And
1101
Ket qua
1001
VD2: 1001
Xor
1101
Ket qua
0100
Bai tap bai 2 :
Thc hien phep tnh And,Or,Xor,Not 2 so sau:
1100 0110 0010 0011
1100 1010 1011 0001
4/ Cac Tn hieu ket noi vi PLC:
a/Tn hieu so : La cac tn hieu thuoc dang ham Boolean, dang tn hieu ch co 2 tr 0 hoac
1.
oi vi PLC Siemens :
Mc 0 : tng ng vi 0V hoac h mach
Mc 1 : Tng ng vi 24V
Vd: Cac tn hieu t nut nhan ,t cac cong tac hanh trnh.. eu la nhng tn hieu so
b/ Tn hieu tng t : La tn hieu lien tuc, t 0-10V hay t 4-20mA.
Vd: Tn hieu oc t Loadcell,t cam bien lu lng
c/ Tn hieu khac : Bao gom cac tn hieu giao tiep vi may tnh ,vi cac thiet b ngoai vi
khac bang cac giao thc khac nhau nh giao thc RS232,RS485,Modbus.
B. Nhap Mon PLC:
I/ Thiet b ieu khien Logic kha trnh:
1/ Gii thieu PLC:
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Thiet b ieu khien Logic kha trnh PLC ( Programmable Logic Control) la loai thiet b cho
phep thc hien linh hoat cac thuat toan ieu khien so thong qua mot ngon ng lap trnh ,thay
cho viec phai the hien thuat toan o bang cac mach so .Nh vay vi chng trnh ieu khien
trong mnh .PLC tr thanh bo ieu khien so nho gon ,de dang thay oi thuat toan va ac biet
de dang trao oi thong tin vi moi trng xung quanh ( Vi cac PLC khac hoac vi may
tnh).
Toan bo chng trnh c lu nh trong bo nh cua PLC di dang cac khoi chng trnh
con hoac chng trnh ngat ( Khoi chnh OB1). Trng hp dung lng nh cua PLC khong
u cho viec lu tr chng trnh th ta co the s dung them bo nh ngoai ho tr cho viec lu
chng trnh va lu d lieu ( Catridge).
e co the thc hien c mot chng trnh ieu khien ,tat nhien PLC phai co tnh nang nh
mot may tnh ,ngha la phai co mot bo vi x l (CPU) ,mot he ieu hanh ,mot bo nh e lu
chng trnh ieu khien ,d lieu va tat nhien la phai co cac cong vao ra e giao tiep vi cac
oi tng ieu khien va e trao oi thong tin vi moi trng xung quanh .Ben canh o nham
phuc vu cac bai toan ieu khien so ,PLC con can phai co them nhng khoi chc nang ac
biet khac nh bo em ( Counter),bo nh thi gian ( Timer) .Va nhng khoi ham chuyen
dung.
2/ Bo nh PLC: gom 3 vung chnh.
Khoi vi x k
trung tam + He
ieu hanh
Timer
Bo em
Bit c
Bo nh chng trnh
Bo em
vao ra
Quan l ghep
noi
Cong vao
ra
Cong ngat va
em toc o cao
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a/Vung cha chng trnh ng dung : Vung cha chng trnh c chia thanh 3 mien
:
i/ OB1 ( Organisation block) : mien cha chng trnh to chc,cha chng trnh chnh,cac
lenh trong khoi nay luon c quet.
ii/ Subroutine ( Chng trnh con) : Mien cha chng trnh con ,c to chc thanh ham va
co bien hnh thc e trao oi d lieu,chng trnh con nay se c thc hien khi no c
goi trong chng trnh chnh.
iii/ Interrup ( Chng trnh ngat) : Mien cha chng trnh ngat ,c to chc thanh hamva
co kha nang trao oi d lieu vi bat c 1 khoi chng trnh nao khac .Chng trnh nay
se c thc hien khi co s kien ngat xay ra. Co rat nhieu s kien ngat nh: Ngat thi
gian,ngat xung toc o cao
b/ Vung cha tham so cua he ieu hanh: Chia thanh 5 mien khac nhau
I ( Process image input ) : Mien d lieu cac cong vao so,trc khi bat au thc hien
chng trnh ,PLC se oc gia tr logic cua tat ca cac cong au vao va cat gi chung trong
vung nh I.Thong thng chng trnh ng dung khong oc trc tiep trang thai logic cua
cong vao so ma ch lay d lieu cua cong vao t bo em I.
Q ( Process Image Output): Mien bo em cac d lieu cong ra so .Ket thuc giai oan
thc hien chng trnh,PLC se chuyen gia tr logic cua bo em Q ti cac cong ra
so.Thong thng chng trnh khong trc tiep gan gia tr ti tan cong ra ma ch chuyen
chung ti bo em Q.
M ( Mien cac bien c): Chng trnh ng dung s dung nhng bien nay e lu gi cac
tham so can thiet va co the truy nhap no theo Bit (M) ,byte (MB),t (MW) hay t kep
(MD).
T ( Timer): Mien nh phuc vu bo thi gian ( Timer) bao gom viec lu tr gia tr thi gian
at trc ( PV-Preset Value ),gia tr em thi gian tc thi ( CV Current Value) cung
nh gia tr Logic au ra cua bo thi gian.
C ( Counter): Mien nh phuc vu bo em bao gom viec lu tr gia tr at trc ( PV- Preset
Value),gia tr em tc thi ( CV _ Current Value)va gia tr logic au ra cua bo em.
c/ Vung cha cac khoi d lieu: c chia lam 2 loai:
DB(Data Block):Mien cha d lieu c to chc thanh khoi .Kch thc cung nh so
lng khoi do ngi s dung quy nh ,phu hp vi tng bai toan ieu khien.Chng trnh co
the truy nhap mien nay theo tng bit (DBX),byte (DBB),t (DBW) hoac t kep (DBD).
L (Local data block) : Mien d lieu a phng ,c cac khoi chng trnh OB1,Chng
trnh con,Chng trnh ngat to chc va s dung cho cac bien nhap tc thi va trao oi d lieu
cua bien hnh thc vi nhng khoi chng trnh goi no .Noi dung cua mot khoi d lieu trong
mien nh nay se b xoa khi ket thuc chng trnh tng ng trong OB1 ,Chng trnh
con,Chng trnh ngat.Mien nay co the c truy nhap t chng trnh theo bit (L),byte(LB)
t (LW) hoac t kep (LD).
3/ Vong quet chng trnh:
PLC thc hien chng trnh theo chu k lap .Moi vong lap c goi la vong quet (Scan) .Moi
vong quet c bat au bang giai oan chuyen d lieu t cac cong vao so ti vung bo em ao
For Evaluation Only.
Copyright (c) by Foxit Software Company, 2004 - 2007
Edited by Foxit PDF Editor
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I,tiep theo la giai oan thc hien chng trnh .Trong tng vong quet chng trnh thc hien t
lenh au tien en lenh ket thuc cua khoi OB ( Block End).Sau giai oan thc hien chng
trnh la giai oan chuyen cac noi dung cua bo em ao Qti cac cong ra so .Vong quet c ket
thuc bang giai oan truyen thong noi bova kiem tra loi.
Chu y rang bo em I va Q khong lien quan ti cac cong vao ra tng t nen cac leng truy nhap
cong tng t c thc hien trc tiep vi cong vat l ch khong thong qua bo em.
Thi gian can thiet e PLC thc hien 1 vong quet goi la thi gian vong quet (Scan Time).Thi
gian vong quet khong co nh ,tc la khong phai vong quet nao cung c thc hien trong mot
khoang thi gian nh nhau .Co vong quet c thc hien lau ,co vong quet c thc hien
nhanh tuy thuoc vao so lenh trong chng trnh c thc hien va khoi d lieu truyen thong
trong vong quet o.
Nh vay gia viec oc d lieu t oi tng e x l ,tnh toan va viec gi tn hieu ieu khien
en oi tng co mot khoang thi gian tre ung bang thi gian vong quet .Noi cach khac ,thi
gian vong quet quyet nh tnh thi gian thc cua chng trnh ieu khien trong PLC .Thi
gian vong quet cang ngan ,tnh thi gian thc cua chng trnh cang cao.
Neu s dung cac khoi chng trnh ac biet co che o ngat ,,v du nh khoi OB40,OB80,
chng trnh cua cac khoi o se c thc hien trong vong quet khi xuat hien tn hieu bao ngat
cung chung loai.Cac khoi chng trnh nay co the c thc hien tai moi iem trong vong
quet ch khong b go ep la phai trong giai oan thc hien chng trnh.Chang han neu 1 tn
hieu bao ngat xuat hien khi PLC ang giai oan truyen thong va kiem tra noi bo,PLC se
ngng cong viec truyen thong ,kiem tra e thc hien khoi chng trnh tng ng vi tn hieu
bao ngat o .Vi hnh thc x l tn hieu ngat nh vay,thi gian vong quet se cang ln khi cang
co nhieu tn hieu ngat xuat hien trong vong quet .Do o e nang cao tnh thi gian thc cho
chng trnh ieu khien ,tuyet oi khong nen viet chng trnh x l ngat qua dai hoac qua
lam dung viec s dung che o ngat trong chng trnh ieu khien.
Tai thi iem thc hien lenh vao ra ,thong thng lenh khong lam viec trc tiep vi cong
vao ra ma ch thong qua bo em ao cua cong trong vung nh tham so.Viec truyen thong gia
bo em ao vi ngoai vi trong cac giai oan 1 va 3 do he ieu hanh CPU quan l . 1 so modul
CPU ,khi gap lenh vao ra ngay lap tc,he thong se cho dng moi cong viec khac ,ngay ca
chng trnh x l ngat,e thc hien lenh trc tiep vi cong vao ra.
4 / Cau truc chng trnh:
Chng trnh trong S7_300 c lu trong bo nh cua PLC vung gianh rieng cho chng
trnh va co the c lap vi 2 dang cau truc khac nhau.
a/ Lap trnh tuyen tnh: toan bo chng trnh nam trong mot khoi trong bo nh .Loai hnh
cau truc tuyen tnh nay phu hp vi nhng bai toan t ong nho,khong phc tap .Khoi c
chon phai la khoi OB1 ,la khoi ma PLC luon quet va thc hien cac lenh trong o thng
xuyen,t lenh au tien en lenh cuoi cung va quay lai lenh au tien.
b/ Lap trnh co cau truc: Chng trnh c chia thanh nhng phan nho va moi phan thc
thi nhng nhiem vu chuyen biet rieng cua no,tng phan nay nam trong nhng khoi chng
trnh khac nhau .Loai hnh cau truc nay phu hp vi nhng bai toan ieu khien nhieu nhiem
vu va phc tap .PLC S7_200 co 3 loai khoi c ban sau:
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- Loai khoi OB1 ( Organization Block) : Khoi to chc va quan l chng trnh ieu
khien .Khoi nay luon luon c thc thi,va luon c quet trong moi chu k quet.
- Loai khoi SBR (Khoi chng trnh con): Khoi chng trnh vi nhng chc nang
rieng giong nh 1 chng trnh con hoac mot ham ( chng trnh con co bien hnh
thc).Mot chng trnh ng dung co the co nhieu khoi chng trnh con va cac khoi
chng trnh con nay c phan biet vi nhau bang ten cua chng trnh con o.
Loai khoi INT ( Khoi chng trnh ngat) :La loai khoi chng trnh ac biet co kha nang
trao oi 1 lng d lieu ln vi cac khoi chng trnh khac .Chng trnh nay se c
thc thi moi khi co s kien ngat xay ra.
5 / Cac loai PLC S7_200 (Siemens):
Cac loai PLC thong thng: CPU222, CPU224, CPU224XP ( co 2 cong giao tiep), CPU226 (
co 2 cong giao tiep), CPU226XM
Thong thng S7_200 c phan ra 2 loai chnh:
a/ Loai cap ien ap 220VAC :
Ngo vao : tch cc mc 1 cap ien ap +24VDC ( 15VDC 30VDC)
Ngo ra : Ngo ra r le
u iem cua loai nay la ngo ra r le,do o co the s dung ngo ra nhieu cap ien ap ( co the s
dung ngo ra 0V,24V,220V.
Tuy nhien,nhc iem cua no :do ngo ra r le nen thi gian ap ng cua rle khong c nhanh cho
ng dung ieu rong xung,hoac Output toc o cao
a/ Loai cap ien ap 24VDC :
Ngo vao : tch cc mc 1 cap ien ap +24VDC ( 15VDC 30VDC)
Ngo ra : Ngo ra Transistor
u iem cua loai nay la ngo ra Transistor,do o co the s dung ngo ra nay e ieu rong xung,hoac
Output toc o cao..
Tuy nhien,nhc iem cua no :do ngo ra Transistor nen ngo ra ch co mot cap ien ap duy nhat la
+24VDC,do vay se gap rac roi trong nhng ng dung co cap ien ap ra la 0VDC,trong
trng hp nay buoc ta phai thong qua 1 rle 24Vdc em.
5 / Cac khoi trong S7_200 Siemens:
a/ Khoi Program Block: Co 3 khoi chnh
i/ Khoi OB1: La khoi cha chng trnh chnh,va luon c quet trong moi chu k quet,la khoi
chnh trong viec thiet ke chng trnh.
ii/Khoi chng trnh con: La khoi cha chng trnh con,khoi nay se c thc thi khi no c goi
trong chng trnh chnh.
iii/Khoi chng trnh ngat: La khoi cha chng trnh ngat,khoi nay se c thc thi khi co s
kien ngat xay ra.
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Trong mot chng trnh,luon mac nh co mot chng trnh chnh Main,chng trnh con SBR_0,va
chng trnh ngat INT_0,tuy nhien ta co the them mot hoac nhieu chng trnh con hay chng
trnh ngat cung nh co the xoa no khi khong can thiet bang cach Click chuot phai ,roi chon Insert
Subroutine hay Interrupt.
Tuy nhien ta khong the them hoac bt mot chng trnh chnh,do chng trnh chnh th ch co 1.
b/ Khoi Data Block:
Khoi cha d lieu cua mot chng trnh,ta co the nh dang trc d lieu cho khoi nay,va khi
Download xuong PLC, th toan bo d lieu nay se c lu trong bo nh.
c/ Khoi System Block:
Co 10 khoi chnh:
i/Communication ports: nh dang cho cong giao tiep bao gom:
a ch PLC ( PLC Address): a ch mac nh cho PLC la 2, ta co the thay oi a ch cho PLC
khac 2.Viec nh a ch cho PLC ong vai tro quan trong trong viec ket noi mang.
Ngoai ra trong Port giao tiep ta cung can chon,toc o Baud cho viec truyen thong.Toc o Baud mac
nh la 9600.
ii/Retentive Ranges:
Trong S7_200 cho phep ta chon 5 phan vung co the lu tr d lieu khi mat ien,neu ta chon vung
d lieu nao trong Retentive th gia tr cua vung o se van khong thay oi khi mat ien,ngc lai
gia tr o se b reset ve 0 khi mat ien.
iii/Password:
S7_200 co 3 mc (Level Password) : e bao am bao mat ve ban quyen thong thng ngi s
nen chon mc Password cao nhat. So k t trong Password toi a la 8 k t.
Trng hp PLC a cai Password th ngi khong co password,khong the upload chng trnh t
PLC,nhng ngc lai co the Download chng trnh mi xuong PLC bang cach go clearplc khi
phan mem hoi Password khi download,trng hp khi ta go clearplc th toan bo d lieu cu se
hoan toan mat.
iv/Output table:
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Ngo ra cua PLC cho phep ta chon trang thai ON hay OFF khi PLC chuyen t trang thai Run
sang Stop, che o mac nh cua phan mem la tat ca trang thai ngo ra OFF khi chuyen trang
thai
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v/ Input Filter:
S7_200 cho phep ta chon thi gian loc cua cac tn hieu ngo vao, thi gian loc la thi gian ma
ngo vao phai khong oi trang thai trong khoang thi gian loc o th PLC mi cho phep nhan
trang thai o.
Thi gian loc mac nh la: 6.4ms : Ngo vao phai gi On trong khoang thi gian >= 6.4ms th
PLC mi hieu ngo vao o len 1.
vi/ Pulse catch Bits:
PLC cho phep ngi s dung chon ngo vao co the bat nhng tn hieu nhanh khi chu k quet
cha kp quet. Tn hieu o se c gi cho ti khi chu k quet c thc hien.
vii/ Configure Led:
PLC cho phep ta nh dang trang thai cua Led System fault, hoac led diagnostics,trang thai
Led nay cho phep ta nh dang mau cam,o,.khi chng trnh gap s co.
6/ Cach giao tiep gia may tnh va PLC:
e co the giao tiep gia may tnh va PLC cho thc hien viec Download hoac Upload cho
PLC, ta phai thc hien cac bc sau:
Chon cong giao tiep:
Trng hp cap giao tiep la cap USB th cong giao tiep phai chon USB
Trng hp cap giao tiep la cap COM th phai chon ung cong giao tiep cua may tnh.
e co the chon cong giao tiep,vao muc Communication,chon Set PG/PC Interface
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Sau o chon Properties cua PC/PPI cable (PPI)
Trong Tab PPI: chon ung toc o Bauds phan Transmission Rate:
Toc o e mac nh la 9600, toc o Baud mac nh cap cung la 9600 ( toc o Baud nay ch
ap dung oi cap cong COM),tren cap COM,cho phep ta chon nhieu mc toc o Baud khac
nhau.
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Trong phan Local Connection: cho phep ta chon cong COM
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Sau khi chon cong COM,bc ke tiep la phai chon a ch PLC,thong thng a ch mac
nh cua PLC la 2,neu a ch PLC khac 2 th ta phai chon a ch ung trc khi thc hien
viec Communication.
Trng hp neu khong biet a ch PLC ta co the thc hien nh sau:
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Vao phan Communication,chon Search all baud rate sau o double click vao phan double
click to refresh,khi o chng trnh se t nhan a ch PLC .
Sau khi chon xong cong Com cung nh a ch PLC, ta thc hien viec Download cung nh
Upload

Chon mui ten xuong cho viec Download,mui ten len cho viec upload
Ngoai ra viec Communication con co the thc hien bang cach:
Vao CPU click chuot phai,chon Type
Chon Read PLC,neu lien thong c th chng trnh co the oc c loai PLC,con khong
th no se bao,ta phai chon lai cong COM cung nh a ch PLC trong phan Communications.
16
17
II/ Cac vung nh S7_200
1/ Trong S7_200 co cac vung nh sau:
I: Input, cac ngo vao so.
Q: Output, cac ngo ra so.
M: Internal Memory, vung nh noi.
V: Variable Memory, vung nh bien
AIW: Analog Input, ngo vao analog.
AQW: Analog Output, ngo ra analog.
T: Timer.
C: Counter.
AC: con tro a ch.
Gii han vung nh trong S7_200:
CPU 221 222 224 226
Byte VB 0-2047 0-2047 0-5119 (V1.22) 0-5119(V1.23)
0 8191(V 2.00) 0-10239(V2.00)
0-10239(XP)
IB 0-15 0-15 0-15 0-15
QB 0-15 0-15 0-15 0-15
MB 0-31 0-31 0-31 0-31
SMB 0-179 0-299 0-549 0-549
AC 0-3 0-3 0-3 0-3
2/nh dang d lieu:
* Kieu Bool:
VD: Q0.0, I0.0, V2.3, M1.7.
V2.3
Mot bien kieu Bool ch co 2 gia tr la 0 hoac 1 (True hoac False).
oi vi ngo IN :
Trang thai mc 0 : Mc ap be hn 15VDC, hoac trang thai ngo vao tong tr cao
Trang thai mc 1 :24V ( 15V 30VDC) : so vi 0VDC cap cho chan M ngo Input
oi vi ngo OUT:
Trang thai mc 0 : H tiep iem hoac ngo ra tong tr cao ( High Z)
Trang thai mc 1: xuat 24V hoac ong tiep iem
* Kieu Byte:
1 Byte = 8 Bit. Suy ra, gia tr 1 Byte trong khoang: 0 -(2
8
-1) hay 0-255
VD: QB0, MB3, VB10, SMB2
Ten vung nh
So Byte
So bit cua Byte
18
QB0
So Byte
Ten vung nh
Viet tat cua Byte
19
* Kieu Word:
1 Word = 2 Byte = 16 Bit. Suy ra, gia tr 1 Word trong khoang: 0 -(2
16
-1)
VD: IW0, QW0, MW3, VW10,
QW0
QW0 = QB0+QB1, Trong o, QB0 la byte cao, QB1 la Byte thap.
* Kieu DWord:
1 DWord = 2 Word = 4 Byte = 32 Bit. Suy ra, gia tr 1 Word trong khoang: 0 -(2
32
-1)
VD: ID0, QD0, MD3, VD10,
QD0
MD0=MW0+MW2=MB0+MB1+MB2+MB3, Trong o, MB0 la byte cao nhat,MB3 la Byte
thap nhat.
* Kieu Int: So nguyen
Mot bien kieu Int tng ng mot Word, ngha la dung lng cua 1 bien kieu Int cung gom
16 bit. Tuy nhien, bien kieu Int va Word cung co nhng iem khac nhau nh sau:
i/ Bien kieu Word la bien ko dau, bien kieu Int co dau(bit trong so cao nhat la bit dau).
ii/ Gia tr 1 Word: 0 -(2
16
-1), gia tr mot Int (-2
15
) (2
15
-1) ( do co 1 bit dau)
iii/ nh dang mot bien kieu Word phai co 16# ng au, con Int th khong.
VD: 16#1234, 16#ABCD: mot Word
1,5,100,250: mot Int
* Kieu DInt: So nguyen
Mot bien kieu DInt tng ng mot DWord, ngha la dung lng cua 1 bien kieu Int cung
gom 32 bit. Tuy nhien, bien kieu DInt va DWord cung co nhng iem khac nhau nh sau:
i/ Bien kieu DWord la bien ko dau, bien kieu DInt co dau(bit trong so cao nhat la bit dau).
ii/ Gia tr 1 DWord: 0 -(2
32
-1), gia tr mot Int (-2
31
) (2
31
-1) ( do co 1 bit dau)
iii/ nh dang mot bien kieu DWord phai co 16# ng au, con DInt th khong.
VD: 16#12345678, 16#ABCDABCD: mot Word
1,5,100,250: mot Dint
* Kieu Real: So thc.
Mot bien kieu Real 32 bit, ngha la vung nh cung la Dword.
So Word
Ten vung nh
Viet tat cua Word
So DWord
Ten vung nh
Viet tat cua DWord
20
nh dang: phai co dau . Thap phan.
VD: 1.5, 2.3, 0.09, 1.0, 100.2
III/ Tap Lenh Trong S7_200:
1/ Lenh ve bit:
: tiep iem thng h.
: tiep iem thng ong.
: Cuon coil, ngo ra.
NOT : ao trang thai bit.
S : Set bit
R : Reset bit
P : Vi phan canh len
N : Vi phan canh xuong.
V du:
Neu ngo vao I0.0 =1 : Ngo ra Q0.0 =1
Ngo ra Q0.1 =1 Neu Ngo vao I0.0=1 va I0.1=0 hoac ngo vao I0.2 =1
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Mach t gi: Ngo vao I0.0=1 trong 1 chu k Q0.2 =1 va t gi,Q0.2 =0 khi I0.1 =1 trong 1
chu k ( Ngo vao I0.0 : Start ; I0.1 : Stop )
22
Y ngha Cac Network tng ng.
23
2/ Timer: TON, TOF, TONR.
TON: Delay On.
TOF: Delay Off.
TONR: Delay On co nh
a/TON:
IN: BOOL: cho phep Timer.
PT: Int: gia tr at cho timer(VW, IW, QW, MW, SW, SMW,
LW, AIW, T, C, AC, Constant, *VD, *LD, *AC)
Txxx: so hieu Timer.
Trong S7_200 co 256 Timer, ky hieu t T0-T255
Cac so hieu Timer trong S7_200 nh sau:
Khi ngo vao I0.0 =1 Timer T37 c kch , Neu sau 10x100ms =1s I0.0 van gi trang thai th
Bit T37 se len 1 ( Khi o Q0.0 len 1 ).
Neu I0.0 =1 khong u thi gian 1S th bit T37 se khong len 1.
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b/ TOF:
PT: Int: gia tr at cho timer(VW, IW, QW, MW, SW, SMW,
LW, AIW, T, C, AC, Constant, *VD, *LD, *AC)
Khi Ngo vao I0.0 = 1 th bit T33 len 1 ( Ngo ra Q0.0 len 1)
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Khi I0.0 xuong 0,thi gian Timer bat au tnh ,u thi gian 1s = 100x10ms th bit T33 se tat (
Q0.0 tat)
Neu I0.0 xuong 0 trong khoang thi gian cha u 1s a len 1 lai th bit T33 van gi nguyen
trang thai
26
c/TONR:
PT: Int: gia tr at cho timer(VW, IW, QW, MW, SW, SMW, LW,
AIW, T, C, AC, Constant, *VD, *LD, *AC)
27
Ngo vao I0.0 co tac dung kch thi gian cho Timer,khi ngo I0.0 =1 thi gian Timer c
tnh,khi I0.0=0 thi gian khong b Reset ve 0.Khi u thi gian th Bit T1 se len 1.
Thi gian Timer ch b Reset khi co tn hieu Reset Timer ( tn hieu t ngo I0.1)
4/ Lenh RS va SR:
a/ Lenh SR:
Ngo vao: S1,R : Kieu Bool ( I,Q,M,T,C,V,S,SM,L)
Ngo ra : OUT : Kieu Bool ( I,Q,M,T,C,V,S,SM,L)
Cau truc: S1 R OUT
0 0 Gi nguyen trang thai
0 1 0
1 0 1
1 1 1
a/ Lenh RS :
Ngo vao S,R1 : Kieu Bool ( I,Q,M,T,C,V,S,SM,L)
Ngo ra : OUT : Kieu Bool ( I,Q,M,T,C,V,S,SM,L)
Cau truc: S R1 OUT
0 0 Gi nguyen trang thai
0 1 0
1 0 1
1 1 0
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BAI TAP:
1/ S dung phng phap mach t gi e khi ong ong c theo phng phap sao /tam giac.
2/ S dung cac tap lenh ve Bit e thc hien viec khi ong tuan t 4 ong c theo th t sau:
Nhan Start1 : ong c 1 khi ong ,Stop1 ong c 1 tat
Khi ong c 1 khong u tai,nhan Start2 ong c 2 se hoat ong,nhan Stop2 ong c 2
se tat ( khi a d tai)
Tng t cho ong c 3 va 4 ( se c khi ong khi tai tng ng khong u)
Trong qua trnh hoat ong gap s co ta co the nhan nut Emergency e dng toan bo he
thong.
3/ Phat hien chieu di chuyen cua vat: e phat hien chieu di chuyen cua vat, ta phai s dung
2 Sensor ke tiep nhau. Sensor1 va Sensor2 :
Trng hp vat di chuyen theo chieu thuan : Sensor1 tac ong roi en Sensor2.
Chieu ngc th Sensor tac ong theo th t ngc lai .
Gi y : Bai tap co the s dung lenh P,N,Set,Reset Bit
Hay co the s dung lenh RS hay SR
4/ ieu khien en xanh o tai nga t:
Xanh A : Trong 15s
Vang A : Trong 3s
Xanh B : Trong 25s
29
Vang B : Trong 4s
Ta co the m rong bai toan cho ieu khien co them ng danh cho ngi i bo.
5/ Counter:
Counter Up(em len):
Mo ta:
Moi lan co mot sn canh len chan CU, gia tr bo em (1 Word) c tang len 1.Khi gia
tr hien tai ln hn hoac bang gia tr at PV(Preset value), ngo ra se c bat len ON.
Khi chan Reset c kch (sn len) gia tr hien tai bo em va ngo ra c tra ve 0.
Bo em ngng em khi gia tr bo em at gia tr toi a la 32767 (2
16
1).
gian o xung:
Cxxx: so hieu counter (0-255)
CU: kch em len Bool
R:reset Bool
PV:gia tr at cho counter INT
PV: VW, IW, QW, MW, SMW, LW, AIW, AC, T, C, Constant,
*VD, *AC, *LD, SW
30
31
Counter Down (em xuong):
Mo ta:
Khi chan LD c kch (sn len) gia tr PV c nap cho bo em.
Moi lan co mot sn canh len chan CD, gia tr bo em (1 Word) c giam xuong 1.Khi
gia tr hien tai cua bo em bang 0, ngo ra se c bat len ON va bo em se ngng em.
Gian o xung:
CD: kch em xuong Bool
LD:Load Bool
*VD, *AC, *LD, SW
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Counter Up/Down (em len/xuong):
Mo ta:
Moi lan co mot sn canh len chan CU, gia tr bo em (1 Word) c tang len 1. Moi lan
co mot sn canh len chan CD, gia tr bo em c giam xuong 1.Khi gia tr hien tai ln
hn hoac bang gia tr at PV(Preset value), ngo ra se c bat len ON.
Khi chan R c kch (sn len) gia tr bo em va ngo Out c tra ve 0.
Gia tr cao nhat cua bo em la 32767 va thap nhat la 32768. Khi gia tr bo em at ngng
CU: kch em len Bool
CD: kch em xuong Bool
R:reset Bool
*VD, *AC, *LD, SW
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6/Lenh Move:
Trong S7_200 co cac ham Move sau:
Move_B:Di chuyen cac gia tr cho nhau trong gii han 1 Byte
Move_W: Di chuyen cac gia tr nguyen cho nhau trong gii han 1 Word
Move_DW: Di chuyen cac gia tr nguyen cho nhau trong gii han 1 DWord
Move_R: Di chuyen cac gia tr thc cho nhau trong gii han 1 Dint
a/ Move_B:
a/ Move_W:
a/ Move_DW:
EN: ngo vao cho phep
IN Ngo vao: VB, IB, QB, MB, SB, SMB, LB, AC,
Constant, *VD, *LD, *AC
OUT: Ngo ra VB, IB, QB, MB, SB, SMB, LB, AC, *VD,
*LD, *AC
Khi co tn hieu ngo cho phep,lenh se chuyen noi dung
cua o nh trong (IN) sang o nh trong OUT
IN Ngo vao: VW, IW, QW, MW, SW, SMW, LW, T, C,
AIW, Constant, AC, *VD, *AC, *LD
OUT Ngo ra: VW, T, C, IW, QW, SW, MW, SMW, LW,
AC, AQW, *VD, *AC, *LD
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a/ Move_R:
Cac tn hieu ngo vao cung nh ngo ra cua cac lenh Move phai c chon ung loai theo a
nh dang nh vung Dword oi vi Move_R va Move_DW
Neu chon sai nh dang th chng trnh bien dch se b sai.
V du:
Khi I0.0 len 1 th chng trnh se chuyen noi dung o nh trong VD100 sang o nh VD200
IN Ngo vao: VD, ID, QD, MD, SD, SMD, LD, HC, &VB,
&IB, &QB, &MB, &SB, &T, &C, &SMB, &AIW,
&AQW AC, Constant, *VD, *LD, *AC
OUT Ngo ra: VD, ID, QD, MD, SD, SMD, LD, AC, *VD,
*LD, *AC
IN Ngo vao: VD, ID, QD, MD, SD, SMD, LD, AC,
Constant, *VD, *LD, *AC
OUT Ngo ra: VD, ID, QD, MD, SD, SMD, LD, AC, *VD,
*LD, *AC
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7/Lenh chuyen khoi:
S7_200 co cac lenh chuyen khoi sau:
BLKMOVE_B: chuyen khoi Byte
BLKMOVE_W: chuyen khoi Word
BLKMOVE_D: chuyen khoi Double Word
Lenh BLKMOVE_B:
Khi co tn hieu ngo vao (EN) : chng trnh se chuyen noi dung cua N Byte ( co v tr Byte
bat au (IN) sang N Byte co v tr bat au OUT.
Lenh BLKMOVE_W:
Khi co tn hieu ngo vao (EN) : chng trnh se chuyen noi dung cua N Word ( co v tr
Word bat au (IN) sang N Word co v tr bat au OUT.
Lenh BLKMOVE_W:
IN: v tr Byte bat au ngo vao
N: so byte can Move
OUT: v tr Byte bat au ngo ra
IN: v tr Word bat au ngo vao
N: so byte can Move
OUT: v tr Word bat au ngo ra
IN: v tr DWord bat au ngo vao
N: so byte can Move
OUT: v tr DWord bat au ngo ra
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Khi co tn hieu ngo vao (EN) : chng trnh se chuyen noi dung cua N DWord ( co v tr
DWord bat au (IN) sang N DWord co v tr bat au OUT
VD:
Lenh Nhay:
Khi I0.0 len 1 chng trnh se thc hien lenh nhay: Se nhay ti nhan tng ng,khi o oan
chng trnh gia lenh nhay va nhan se c bo qua chu k o.
K hieu cua nhan nhay phai la mot so nguyen n.
Khi I2.1 ON:
VB20 VB100
VB21 VB101
VB22 VB102
VB23 VB103
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8/Vong lenh For Next:
Vong lenh For Next thc thi oan chng trnh gia lenh For
va lenh Next trong mot so lan at trc.
INDEX: Lu so vong thc hien.
INIT: gia tr bat au.
FINAL: gia tr ket thuc.
Khi gap lenh FOR lan au tien, gia tr INIT se c a vao
bien em INDX. C moi lan thc hien xong 1 chu trnh
ForNext, Bien em INDX se tang 1 n v.en khi INDX
bang gia tr cuoi FINAL th vong lap ket thuc. Chng trnh ke
tiep vong lenh For Next c thc hien.
VD: neu INIT=1, FINAL=10, vong lap se thc hien 10 lan vi
cac gia tr INDX 1,2,3 10.
Khi I2.1 ON. Vong lenh Loop2 c
thc hien 2 lan.
Khi I2.0 ON. Vong lenh Loop1 c
thc hien 100 lan.
Neu ca I2.0 va I2.1 ON th chng
trnh trong vong Loop2 se thc thi
2x100=200 lan
. . .
38
39
9/Cac ham so hoc :
Lenh cong tr:
ADD_I: Cong hai so nguyen 16 Bit
SUBB_I:Tr hai so nguyen 16 Bit
Khi ngo vao cho phep len 1 chng trnh se thc hien viec cong ( hay tr) 2 so nguyen 16
Bit IN1,IN2 tng ng ,ket qua a vao OUT.
Tng t, ta co:
ADD_DI: Cong hai so nguyen 32 Bit
SUBB_DI: tr hai so nguyen 32 Bit
ADD_R: Cong hai so thc
SUBB_R: tr hai so thc
Lenh nhan chia:
MUL_I: Nhan hai so nguyen 16 bit
DIV_I:chia hai so nguyen 16 bit
EN:Ngo vao cho phep
IN1+IN2=OUT
IN1-IN2=OUT
EN:Ngo vao cho phep
IN1*IN2=OUT
IN1/IN2=OUT
Neu ket qua chia co d th
phan d se c bo.
40
Khi ngo vao EN len 1 ,chng trnh se thc hien viec nhan ( hay chia) 2 so nguyen 16
Bit,ket qua cat vao so nguyen 16 Bit
Trng hp chia:do OUT la so nguyen 16 Bit,nen phan d cua phep chia se b bo.
Trng hp nhan:neu b tran bo nh th OUT se cha phan Byte thap.
Tng t, ta co:
MUL_DI: Nhan hai so nguyen 32 bit
DIV_DI:chia hai so nguyen 32 bit
MUL_R: Nhan hai so thc
DIV_R:chia hai so thc
Lenh MUL,DIV : Tng t lenh nhan va chia,nhng trong trng hp nay ngo ra OUT la 32
Bit
Ta se s dung lenh MUL hay DIV khi khong biet ngo ra co b tran 16 Bit hay khong.
41
V du:
Khi I0.0 ON, chng trnh thc thi:
Lenh tang giam:
INC_B: Tang Byte
DEC_B: Giam Byte
Cac ham tng t:
INC_W: Tang Word
DEC_W: Giam Word
EN:Ngo vao cho phep
IN1 + 1 = OUT
EN:Ngo vao cho phep
IN1 - 1 = OUT
42
INC_DW: Tang DWord
DEC_DW: Giam Dword
Ngoai ra con mot so ham khac nh: SQRT(khai can), SIN.COS,TAN,LN, EXP
43
10/Cac lenh so sanh:
a/So sanh bang:
Byte:
Tng t, ta co cac ham so sanh nh sau:
<>: so sanh khac
>=: so sanh ln hn hoac bang
<=: so sanh nho hn hoac bang
> : so sanh ln
< : so sanh nho
Tng t cac ham so sanh cho Byte, ta cung co cac lenh so sanh cho so Int, Dint, Real
Khi thc hien cac ham so sanh th IN1,IN2 phai c chon ung kieu d lieu.
V du:
Khi IN1=IN2 th ngo ra c tch cc.
44
45
11/Cac ham chuyen oi:
a/oi Byte sang Int:
b/oi Int sang Byte:
Mot so kieu Byte ngo vao c chuyen thanh mot
so kieu Int ngo ra
Mot so kieu Int ngo vao (IN) c chuyen thanh
mot so kieu Byte ngo ra (OUT)
Trong trng hp ngo vao nam ngoai khoang
(0,255) th ngo ra khong b anh hng
46
47
Tng t, ta co cac ham chuyen oi sau:
I_DI: oi so nguyen 16 bit sang so nguyen 32 bit
DI_I: oi so nguyen 32 bit sang so nguyen 16 bit
DI_R: oi so nguyen 32 bit sang so thc
BCD_I: oi so BCD 16 bit sang so nguyen 16 bit
I_BCD: oi so nguyen 16 bit sang so BCD.
Trong trng hp viec oi t so dung lng nho sang dung lng ln hn ( nh t Byte sang
Int,t Int sang Dint..) th chng trnh luon thc thi.
Con trng hp ngc lai: Neu gia tr chuyen b tran o nh th chng trnh se khong thc thi
va Bit tran SM1.1 se bat len 1.
V du: Khi chuyen so Int sang Byte,ma so Int ln hn 255 (8Bit),th chng trnh se khong
thc thi va Bit SM1.1 bat len 1.
V du:
48
Khi I0.0 ON
Khi I3.0 ON:
1234 dang BCD la : 0001 0010 0011 0100
1234 dang so Int: 0000 0100 1101 0010
Khi thc hien viec chuyen oi gia so Int va so BCD hoac ngc lai,th gia tr ln nhat cua
so BCD la 9999 trong khi gia tr ln nhat so Int la 2
16
-1.
49
Lenh oi so ASCII sang so HEX va ngc lai:
ATH: oi so ASCII sang so HEX
HTA: oi so HEX sang so ASCII
V du:
Khi I3.2 ON:
x: gia tr khong b thay oi
Lenh oi na thap cua byte sang ma LED 7 oan:
IN: ngo vao
LEN: chieu dai can chuyen
OUT: ngo ra
50
Hoat ong:
Lenh lam tron: ROUND
Lenh lam tron xuong: TRUNC
Bai Tap:
1/ Kiem soat so lng xe ra vao trong 1 tram xe,ieu khien ca ong m t ong ,kiem soat
xe a len may tnh.
e biet c chieu xe ra vao,ta s dung 2 Sensor
e m ca t ong,ta s dung 2 Sensor trc sau,va cac Sensor gii han trong,gii han
ngoai.
IN: ngo vao
OUT: ngo ra
Mot gia tr so thc ngo vao c lam tron va chuyen thanh
so DInt ngo ra. Neu so le >=0.5 th gia tr so thc se c
lam tron len, ngc lai th lam tron xuong.
IN: ngo vao
OUT: ngo ra
Mot gia tr so thc ngo vao c lam tron xuong va chuyen
thanh so DInt ngo ra.
VD: 5.9 TRUNC 5
51
Bit EN : Bit cho phep oc thi gian thc
T ( 8byte): VB,IB,QB,MB,SB,LB,*AC,*VD,*LD
c nh dang nh sau:
T (byte) Gia tr ( nh dang BCD)
0 (nam) 0-99
1 (thang) 0 -12
2 (ngay) 0 - 31
3 (gi) 0 - 23
4 (phut) 0 - 59
5 (giay) 0 - 59
6 (00) 00
7 (ngay trong tuan) 1 7; 1: Sunday
M rong: Moi xe vao ra,co gan 1 Tag ( Ma vach) Tai moi tram ong m ca,ta gan 1 bo
Read,Write e co the kiem soat cac thong so cua xe vao ra,ong thi co the lap report.
M rong cho bai toan tai tram thu ph t ong,moi xe mua 1 SimCard,tai tram thu ph at 1
bo Read,Write kiem soat tng xe ra vao.
2 / ng dung trong nghanh a Granit:
ieu khien tram mai a: He thong mai a co tat ca 10 au mai,khoang cach gia moi au
mai la co nh,toc o bang tai a a vao la co nh (hoac c nhap vao bang man hnh),do
vay thi gian gia 2 au mai la biet trc.a a vao bang tai c phat hien bang 1 cong
tac hanh trnh.
Gi y: Bai toan s dung Timer ( nh thi gian).
Cung bai toan nay,neu ta s dung Encoder e co the kiem soat v tr cua bang tai ,t v tr o
ta co the ieu khien au mai cho hp l.
e co the oc Encoder,Encoder nay c a ve 1 bo em trung gian e Scale lai thanh so
xung toc o thap,a ve PLC.
3/ Tram ep gach 1 tram:
He thong ep gach bao gom cac cong oan :
Cong oan o nguyen lieu vao khuon.(khi khuon nam ngoai)
Cong oan rung khuon (khi ap rung khuon)
Cong oan khuon i vao tram ep
Cong oan ep gach
Cong oan khuon len
Cong oan khuon xuong
Cong oan khuon i ra.
Ket thuc mot chu trnh ep gach.
12/ Mot so lenh m rong:
a/Lenh oc thi gian thc Read_RTC:
b/ Lenh Set thi gian thc Set_RTC:
Khi co tn hieu EN th thi gian thc se c set la thong qua T
Cach nh dang Byte T hoan toan giong tren.
52
Bit EN : tn hieu cho phep truyen d lieu qua cong
Com
TBL : VB,MB,IB,QB.SMB,*LD,*AC,*VD
Port : 0 cho CPU 221,222,224
0,1 cho CPU 224XP,CPU226
Bai tap:
S dung lenh oc thi gian thc e ng dung trong ieu khien en giao thong t ong,ti
cay t ong.
ieu khien en giao thong t ong:Thi gian t 5g sang en 11g sang: hoat ong
bnh thng
T 11g sang en 5g sang ngay hom sau: en vang chp tat xung 1s.
ieu khien ti cay t ong: e phuc vu cho viec ti cay ( trong phong kieng ),Lan
oi hoi nhu cau ti nc rat khac nghiet,oi hoi cach 1 khoang thi gian nhat nh
cho viec ti cay,va con phu thuoc theo tng thang.Thang mua nong nhu cau ti
nc nhieu hn mua ma.
c/ Lenh Giao tiep ( Communication):
Lenh truyen nhan: Lenh truyen ( XMT ); Lenh Nhan (RCV).
TBL : Byte cha so lng byte cung nh v tr byte bat au truyen qua cong Port giao tiep
Port : Ch Port thc hien viec truyen nhan d lieu
V du : Muon truyen chuoi TRI qua cong Port 0 ta thc hien oan lenh sau:
Trong o : 3 la so Byte can truyen ,c a vao VB200
T c a vao Byte VB201
R c a vao Byte VB202
I c a vao Byte VB203
Lenh truyen c thc hien bang lenh XMT
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Viec nhan d lieu qua Port giao tiep c thc hien bang 2 cach:
Co the thc hien viec nhan d lieu bang lenh RCV ( hoan toan tng t viec truyen
d lieu)
Nhan d lieu bang cach dung ngat thong qua Port giao tiep,phng phap nay thng
c dung nhieu hn,do phng phap nay co the quan l c so lng Byte truyen
nhan de dang hn.
e thc hien viec truyen nhan d lieu thong qua phng phap th 2 ,trc het ta phai
thc hien viec thc hien nh dang ngat qua Port giao tiep bang lenh:
Trong o SMB30 la Byte nh dang cho ngat Port giao tiep.
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Bit EN : tn hieu cho phep thc hien lenh ATCH
INT : Chng trnh ngat c goi khi co s kien ngat
xay ra
EVNT : So th t s kien ngat
AC1 la con tro e s dung cho viec nhan d lieu t Port giao tiep.
D lieu c nhan thong qua Port giao tiep nam trong Byte SMB2,do vay sau moi lan
nhan c d lieu thong qua chng trnh ngat,th d lieu o phai c cat vao 1 Byte
tng ng nao o,e giai phong Byte SMB2.
D lieu nhan c a vao Byte VB300 sau o tang con tro len 1,e tro ti Byte
VB301,d lieu nhan tiep theo se c a vao Byte ke tiep,tng t nh vay khi so Byte
nhan ket thuc,th d lieu se nam trong 1 so Byte t VB300,t o ta co the s l Byte nhan
c de dang.
d/ Cac lenh ve ngat:
Lenh ATCH:
V du:
Khi gap s kien ngat so 8 ( S kien ngat Port noi tiep ) ,chng trnh se goi chng trnh
ngat INT_0.
Bang s kien ngat:
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SMB30 va SMB130:
SMB30 la Byte ieu khien giao tiep cho Cong giao tiep 0, SMB130 la Byte ieu khien giao
tiep cho Cong giao tiep 1,Ta co the nh dang cho 2 Byte nay,nhng byte nay co chc nang
nh dang cho tng Port giao tiep nh toc o Baud,dang truyen thong.
Bang nh dang :
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Bit EN : tn hieu cho phep thc hien lenh DTCH
EVNT : So th t s kien ngat ,b cam
v du tren: SMB30=05 tng ng:
Port giao tiep : Port 0
No parity (0 0)
8 data Bits (0)
19200 bps ( 0 0 1)
Freeport protocol (0 1)
Lenh DTCH: Lenh cam ngat
v du:
Cam s kien ngat so 8,S kien ngat so 8 ch c cho phep tr lai bang lenh ATCH
Ngoai ra con co cac lenh cho phep ngat ( ENI) va cam ngat ( DISI ) va lenh tr ve cua
chng tnh ngat ( RETI).
Bai Tap:
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1/ S dung lenh giao tiep va s l ngat e giao tiep gia PLC va may tnh thong qua cong 0
(Port 0).
2/ S dung lenh giao tiep e giao tiep PLC va au can Redlion thong qua Port 0
13/ Cac lenh ve s l logic ( Logical Operation):
a/Lenh ao Byte INV_B: Thc hien viec ao cac bit trong Byte
V du: VB300 : 0100 1001
Sau lenh INV_B VB300 : 1011 0110
b/Lenh ao Word INV_W: Thc hien viec ao cac bit trong Word
c/Lenh ao DWord INV_DW: Thc hien viec ao cac bit trong Dword
d/ Lenh WAND_B: Thc hien viec AND 2 Byte ket qua cat vao Byte Out
VB300 = VB200 AND VB100
VB200 0010 1110
VB100 1111 1001
Ket qua: VB300 0010 1000
e/Lenh WAND_W: Thc hien viec AND 2 Word ket qua cat vao Word Out
e/Lenh WAND_DW: Thc hien viec AND 2 DWord ket qua cat vao DWord Out
Hoan toan tng t ta co cac lenh WOR_B, WOR_W, WOR_DW, WXOR_B , WXOR_W
WXOR_DW.
Cac lenh ve dch Bit:
Lenh Dch trai,phai Byte:
Tng t co lenh dch trai,phai Word,Dword:
Bit EN : Bit cho phep thc hien lenh dch trai,dch
phai
IN : Byte c dch
OUT: Ket qua cua Byte dch
N : So Byte dch
Cac Bit dch ra ngoai,b loai bo
Cac so 0 c dch vao Bit mi
V du:
Byte : 1101 1101 Sau lenh dch N=3 ket qua:
0001 1011 ( 3 Bit 000 mi c ay vao,3
Bit 101 b ay ra)
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Lenh xoay trai ,phai Byte:
Tng t co lenh xoay phai,trai Word,Dword.
14/Cac lenh ve x l chuoi:
a/ Lenh STR_Len : Xac nh chieu dai cua chuoi( In) ket qua cat vao Byte Out
Chieu dai chuoi Hello la 5,do o VB200 = 5
b/ Lenh STR_CPY : Chep chuoi t IN sang OUT
Chep chuoi t VB200 sang VB300
c/ Lenh SSTR_CPY : Chep chuoi t IN t v tr INDX sang OUT ( so k t Copy la N)
Copy chuoi Hello t v tr th 1,so k t copy la 2,do o VB300 = He
d/ Lenh STR_CAT : Noi chuoi t IN them vao OUT
Ban au VB300 = Hello ; sau lenh VB300 la Hello World
Bit EN : Bit cho phep thc hien lenh xoay
trai,xoay phai
IN : Byte c xoay
OUT: Ket qua cua Byte xoay
N : So Byte xoay
Cac Bit dch ra ngoai c xoay tr lai Bit au
V du:
Byte : 1101 1101 Sau lenh xoay N=2 ket qua:
0111 0111
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e/ Lenh STR_FIND: Lenh tm kiem chuoi ton tai trong IN1,chuoi can tm trong IN2 ,Neu
tm thay chuoi co trong IN1,th Out la v tr tm thay trong chuoi o.
VB300 = Hello World
Sau lenh tren VB100 = 7
h/ Lenh CHR_FIND: Tm kiem k 1 trong cac k t trong IN2 trong chuoi IN1
IV/ Cac ng dung quan trong trong S7_200:
1/ Xuat xung toc o cao:
CPU S7_200 co 2 ngo ra xung toc o cao (Q0.0 ,Q0.1),dung cho viec ieu rong xung toc o
cao nham ieu khien cac thiet b ben ngoai.
Viec ieu rong xung c thc hien thong qua viec nh dang Wizard
Co 2 cach ieu rong xung:ieu rong xung 50%,va ieu rong xung theo t le .
a/ieu rong xung 50% (PTO):
e thc hien viec phat xung toc o cao ( PTO) trc het ta phai thc hien cac bc nh
dang sau:
Reset ngo xung toc o cao chu k au cua chng trnh
Chon loai ngo ra phat xung toc o cao Q0.0 hay Q0.1
nh dang thi gian c s ( Time base) da tren bang sau:
Cac Byte cho viec nh dang SMB67 ( cho Q0.0)
SMB77 ( cho Q0.1)
Ngoai ra: Q0.0 Q0.1
SMW68 SMW78 :Xac nh chu k thi gian
SMW70 SMW80 :Xac nh chu k phat xung
SMD72 SMD82 :Xac nh so xung ieu khien
V du : Thc hien viec ieu rong xung nhanh kieu PTO theo gian o tai ngo ra Q0.0:
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Ta thc hien chng trnh nh sau:
Reset Q0.0 chu k quet au
Goi chng trnh con SBR_0
nh dang SMB67 = 16#8D : nh dang xung
toc o cao ngo ra Q0.0,
Thi gian c s la 1ms/cycle,cho phep Load so
xung va chu k thi gian
Nap chu k thi gian la 500x1ms = 500ms
Nap so xung la 4
Lien ket vi s kien ngat so 18 ( khi so xung
phat ra bang so xung at la 4)
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a/ieu rong xung theo t le (PWM):
e thc hien viec phat xung toc o cao ( PWM) trc het ta phai thc hien cac bc nh
dang sau:
Reset ngo xung toc o cao chu k au cua chng trnh
Chon loai ngo ra phat xung toc o cao Q0.0 hay Q0.1
nh dang thi gian c s ( Time base) da tren bang sau:
Cho phep ngat (ENI )
Lenh xuat xung toc o cao ra Q0.0
SMB67 =16#89:thi gian c s 1ms/cycle
nhng khi o ch cho phep Load chu k thi
gian ma thoi.
Khi so xung phat ra bang 4,chng trnh ngat
INT_0 c thc thi
Neu thi gian c s =500ms,th chuyen sang
1000ms roi cho phat xung tr lai
Quay tr lai chng trnh chnh
Neu thi gian c s 1000ms ,th chuyen sang
500ms
Cho phep xuat xung tr lai qua Q0.0
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Cac Byte cho viec nh dang SMB67 ( cho Q0.0)
SMB77 ( cho Q0.1)
Ngoai ra: Q0.0 Q0.1
SMW68 SMW78 :Xac nh chu k thi gian
SMW70 SMW80 :Xac nh chu k phat xung
SMD72 SMD82 :Xac nh so xung ieu khien
V du : Thc hien viec ieu rong xung nhanh kieu PWM theo gian o tai ngo ra Q0.1:
Chng trnh c thc hien nh sau:
Reset Q0.1 au chng trnh
Goi chng trnh con SBR_0
Khi co M0.0 goi chng trnh
con SBR_1 e thay oi o rong
xung
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Ngoai ra ta co the nh dang ngo ra xung toc o cao thong qua viec nh dang
Wizard theo cac bc sau:
Vao Wizard chon PTO/PWM :
SMB77 = 16#DB : nh dang ngo ra xung
Q0.1 ,thi gian c s 1ms /cycle cho phep
Load o rong xung cung nh chu k thi gian.
SMW78 = 10000 : chu k thi gian la
10000x1ms =10000ms
SMW80 = 1000 o rong xung on la 1000ms
Phat xung ra toc o cao ngo ra Q0.1
SMB77 =16#DA :thi gian c ban 1ms,ch cho
phep Load o rong xung on
Load lai xung on la 5000ms,khi co tn hieu
M0.0
Cho phep xuat xung nhanh ra ngo Q0.1
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Chon kieu phat xung ngo ra(Q0.0 hay Q0.1 )
Sau khi chon loai ngo ra,chon next
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Sau o chon loai xung cho viec ieu rong: xung PTO hay xung PWM
Ke tiep chon toc o Max,Min,va toc o ban au:
Toc o Max: 100000pulse/s
Toc o Min : 5000pulse/s
Toc o Start: 5000pulse/s
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Chon thi gian khi ong at Max va thi gian Stop ve Min
Chon Byte bat au cua so Byte cho viec nh Wizard,cuoi cung chon Next va Finish e ket
thuc,
Sau khi ket thuc viec nh Wizard,chng trnh se tao ra 2 chng trnh con cho viec nh
dang phat xung toc o cao,2 chng trnh con o la : X_CTRL, va X_MAN
Sau o ta ch s dung 2 chng trnh con nay cho viec nh dang.
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2/ oc xung toc o cao:
e oc xung toc o cao ,ta thc hien cac bc sau cho viec nh dang Wizard:
Chon Wizard oc xung toc o cao High Speed Counter
Chon Mode oc xung toc o cao va loai Counter nao (HC0,HC1)
Tuy tng loai ng dung ma ta co the chon nhieu Mode oc xung toc o cao khac nhau,co tat
ca 12 Mode oc xung toc o cao nh sau:
Mode 0,1,2 : Dung em 1 pha vi hng em c xac nh bi Bit noi
Mode 0: Ch em tang hoac giam,khong co Bit Start cung nh bit Reset
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Mode 1: em tang hoac giam,co bit Reset nhng khong co bit Start
Mode 2: em tang hoac giam,Co Bit Start cung nh bit Reset e cho phep chon bat au
em cung nh chon thi iem bat au Reset.Cac Bit Start cung nh Reset la cac ngo Input
chon t ben ngoai.
Mode 3,4,5: Dung em 1 pha vi hng em c xac nh bi Bit ngoai,tc la co the chon
t ngo vao input.
Mode 3: Ch em tang hoac giam,khong co Bit Start cung nh bit Reset
Mode 4: em tang hoac giam,co bit Reset nhng khong co bit Start
Mode 5: em tang hoac giam,Co Bit Start cung nh bit Reset e cho phep chon bat au
em cung nh chon thi iem bat au Reset.Cac Bit Start cung nh Reset la cac ngo Input
chon t ben ngoai.
Mode 6,7,8: Dung em 2 pha vi 2 xung vao,1 xung dung e em tang va mot xung em
giam
Mode 6: Ch em tang giam,khong co Bit Start cung nh bit Reset
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Mode 7: em tang giam,co bit Reset nhng khong co bit Start
Mode 8: em tang giam,Co Bit Start cung nh bit Reset e cho phep chon bat au em
cung nh chon thi iem bat au Reset.Cac Bit Start cung nh Reset la cac ngo Input chon
t ben ngoai.
Mode 9,10,11 : Dung e em xung A/B cua Encoder,co 2 dang:
Dang 1 (Quadrature 1x mode): em tang 1 khi co xung A/B quay theo chieu thuan,va giam
1 khi co xung A/B quay theo chieu ngc.
Dang 2 (Quadrature 4x mode): em tang 4 khi co xung A/B quay theo chieu thuan,va giam
4 khi co xung A/B quay theo chieu ngc.
Mode 9: Ch em tang giam,khong co Bit Start cung nh bit Reset
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Mode 10: em tang giam,co bit Reset nhng khong co bit Start
Mode 11: em tang giam,Co Bit Start cung nh bit Reset e cho phep chon bat au em
cung nh chon thi iem bat au Reset.Cac Bit Start cung nh Reset la cac ngo Input chon
t ben ngoai.
Mode 12: Ch ap dung vi HSC0 va HSC3,HSC0 dung e em so xung phat ra t Q0.0,va
HSC3 em so xung t Q0.1 ( c phat ra che o phat xung nhanh) ma khong can au
phan cng,ngha la PLC t kiem tra t ben trong.
Bang Mo ta che o em cung nh loai HSC ,quy nh a ch vao.
Can c vao bang tren e co the chon loai HSC cho tng ng dung phu hp.
VD: Khong the s dung HSC0 cho Mode 5,Mode 8 cung nh Mode 11,v cac Mode nay can
4 chan Input trong khi o HSC0 ch co 3 chan Input.
1 So Bit c s dung e ieu khien cac che o cua HSC:
Bit chon : Reset mc cao hay Reset mc thap.
Bit chon : Start mc cao hay mc thap.
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Bit chon : Che o em 1x hay 4x
Bit chon : Chon hng em tang hoac hng em giam
Bit chon : Chon cho phep Update hng hay khong Update
Bit chon : Chon cho phep Update gia tr Preset hay khong cho phep
Bit chon : Chon cho phep Update gia tr hien tai hay khong cho phep
Bit chon : Cho phep HSC hoat ong hay ngng hoat ong.
Nap gia tr hien tai cho viec Update
Nap gia tr at cho viec Update
Cac bit trang thai mo ta:
Hng em
Khi gia tr hien tai bang gia tr at
Khi gia tr hien tai ln hn hay be hn hoac bang gia tr at.
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V du: Muon s dung HSC0 cho viec em xung toc o cao,trc het ta nh dang Wizard,sau
khi nh dang Wizard,chng trnh se tao ra 1 chng trnh con,HSC_INIT,ta phai goi
chng trnh nay chu k quet au tien
Chng trnh con HSC_INIT
Gia tr hien tai cua HSC0 se nam trong bien HC0
Ngoai ra ta con co the nh dang cho HSC vi nhng che o ngat khac nhau nh:
Chng trnh ngat se c thc thi khi gia tr HSC bang vi gia tr at
Chng trnh ngat se c thc thi khi hng em thay oi ( thay oi t chieu
em thuan sang em ngc,em tang ,em giam)
Chng trnh ngat c thc thi khi Bit Reset c thc thi.
3/ S dung chng trnh ngat:
nh dang cho HSC ( xem chi
tiet cac Bit phan tren)
Load gia tr hien tai cua bo
em bang 0
Load gia tr at bang 0
nh dang che o em ( Mode
em)
Cho phep HSC0
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Viec s dung chng trnh ngat la het sc can thiet trong viec lap trnh S7_200,trong S7_200
co mot so loai ngat nh sau:
Moi loai ngat trong S7_200 tng ng vi mot s kien ngat tng ng.
V du: S kien ngat so 8 tng ng vi s kien khi viec nhan d lieu Port 0 xay ra ( Khi co
d lieu truyen en Port 0 th chng trnh ngat ma lien ket vi s kien ngat so 8 c thc
thi).
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Ngoai ra ta cung co the ket thuc ngat bang lenh sau:
Ngat thi gian Timer_0,ngat thi gian Timer_1:
e nh dang cho viec ngat thi gian Timer 0 cung nh Timer 1,th ngoai viec thiet lap s
kien ngat cho viec nh dang ngat Timer_0 hay Timer_1,ta con phai chon thi gian ngat
Thi gian ngat se c chon nh sau:
O nh SMB34 dung cho viec nh dang thi gian ngat cho Timer_0
O nh SMB35 dung cho viec nh dang thi gian ngat cho Timer_1
V Du: nh dang cho SMB34=10 :C 10ms th chng trnh ngat se c thc thi 1 lan,va
no ch cham dt khi tn hieu khong cho phep ngat c thc thi.
4/ oc tn hieu Analog:
Tn hieu Analog la cac tn hieu tng t ( 0 10VDC,hoac 4-20mA),Hau het cac ng
dung cua chng trnh PLC Siemens noi rieng hay cac ng dung khac eu can phai oc cac
tn hieu analog.Tn hieu analog co the la tn hieu t cac cam bien o khoang cach,cam bien
ap suat,cam bien o trong lng
Cac bc oc tn hieu Analog:
a/oc tn hieu analog t Modul EM231:
Cac tn hieu co the oc c t Modul EM231(tuy thuoc viec chon cac Switch tren modul):
Tn hieu n cc ( Tn hieu ien ap): 0-10VDC, 0-5VDC
Tn hieu lng cc (tn hieu ien ap): -5VDC 5VDC, -2.5VDC 2.5VDC
Tn hieu dong ien :0 20mA ( co the oc c 4-20mA)
Tn hieu Analog se c oc vao AIW0,AIW2 tng ng,tuy thuoc vao v tr cua tn hieu
a vao modul
Modul EM231 co 4 ngo vao Analog,do vay v tr cac ngo vao tng ng la:
AIW0,AIW2,AIW4,AIW6
Tn hieu analog la tn hieu ien ap ,tuy nhien gia tr ma AIW oc vao khong phai la gia tr
ien ap ,ma la gia tr a c quy oi tng ng 16bit.
Trng hp n cc : Gia tr t 0 64000 tng ng vi ( 0-10V,0-5V hay 0-20mA)
Lien ket s kien ngat so 8 vi
chng trnh ngat INT_0 ( Khi
xay ra s kien so 8 th chng
trnh INT_0 c thc thi)
Cho phep ngat ( ENI)
Ket thuc s kien ngat so 8,s kien ngat
so 8 se c cho phep lai khi co lenh
ENI
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Trng hp lng cc : Gia tr t -32000 32000 tng ng vi (-5VDC 5VDC hay -
2.5VDC 2.5VDC).
Vdu :
Trng hp n cc: gia tr oc vao cua AIW0 = 32000,khi o gia tr ien ap tng
ng la : (32000x10VDC/ 64000) = 5VDC ( Tam chon 0 10VDC)
Trng hp lng cc : Gia tr oc vao cua AIW0 = 16000,khi o gia tr ien ap
tng ng la : ( 16000x5VDC/32000) =2.5VDC ( Tam o -2.5VDC 2.5VDC )
Do vay can c vao gia tr oc vao cua AIW ta co the dung quy tac tam suat,t o co the
tnh c gia tr ien ap tng ng.T gia tr ien ap ta co the suy ra gia tr mong muon.
Thong thng cac tn hieu Analog oc vao bao gi ngi s dung cung mong muon
oc c chnh gia tr mong muon ( V du: gia tr khoi lng trong oc au can
Loadcell, gia tr ap suat trong oc tn hieu t cam bien ap suat..)
Phng phap oc Analog trong trng hp nay ta se khong can quan tam nhieu en
che o n cc hay lng cc,ma ch can xac nh c 2 iem,t o lap c
phng trnh ng thang ( Gia tr mong muon oc theo AIW)
V du: e oc khoi lng t au can :Ta xay dng ham Khoi lng theo AIW( la tn
hieu oc vao)
Bc 1: Ta can xac nh 2 iem:
iem 1: Ta online tren may tnh,oc gia tr AIW0 la x1,trong trng hp iem 1 (
iem 1 la iem ta at qua can chuan 1:co khoi lng m1 len ban can) ,Tng t ta co
the xac nh c iem 2 ( tng ng x2 va m2).
T o ta co 2 iem : iem 1 ( x1,m1) , iem 2 (x2,m2).
Phng trnh ng thang i qua 2 iem 1,2 co dang:
(X-X1/X2-X1) = (Y-Y1/Y2-Y1),T o rut Y theo X
o chnh la phng trnh khoi lng theo AIW.
V du cu the: iem 1 (0,0), iem 2 ( 32000,1000)
Phng trnh lap:
(X-0/32000-0) = ( Y-0/1000-0) T o suy ra:
Y= 1xX/ 32
Vay : Khoi lng = AIW / 32
b/Xuat tn hieu analog qua modul EM232:
Cac tn hieu co the xuat ra Modul EM232(tuy thuoc viec chon cac Switch tren modul):
Tn hieu n cc ( Tn hieu dong ien): 0-20mA
Tn hieu lng cc (tn hieu ien ap): -10VDC 10VDC
Tn hieu 0 -20mA tng ng vi gia tr 0 32000
Tn hieu -10VDC 10VDC tng ng -32000 32000
Gia tr xuat ra Modul EM232 c a vao o nh AQW tng ng.
c/ Modul EM235:
Cac tn hieu co the oc c thong qua Modul EM235 ( Tuy theo Switch chon tren
Modul):
n cc : 0 50mV , 0 100mV , 0 500mV , 0 1V , 0 5VDC , 0 20mA , 0 10VDC.
Lng cc : +-25mV , +-50mV , +-100mV , +-250mV , +-500mV , +-1VDC ,+-2.5VDC ,
+-5VDC ,+-10VDC
Gia tr tng ng cho che o n cc : T 0 64000
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Gia tr tng ng cho che o lng cc : -32000 32000
Ngoai ra Modul EM235 con co 2 Ngo ra Analog output tng ng : +-10VDC, 0
20mA
5/ Xuat d lieu va nhan d lieu qua Port giao tiep ( Port 0,Port 1):
S7_200 thong thng cho phep ta s dung cac Port giao tiep e giao tiep vi cac thiet b ben
ngoai,Trng hp CPU s dung co 2 Port giao tiep th ta cung co the s dung ca 2 Port giao
tiep e co the giao tiep vi cac thiet b ben ngoai ( Nh : Giao tiep 485 vi au can,giao tiep
vi cac au o ien.).
a/Xuat d lieu ra Port giao tiep:
e thc hien viec xuat d lieu ra Port giao tiep ta thc hien nh sau:
Bc 1: nh dang cho viec giao tiep qua Port ( Toc o Baud,so Bit d lieu) thong qua 2
byte SMB30 ( cho Port 0),SMB130 ( cho Port 1)
V du:
Bc 2: Thc hien viec xuat d lieu
Y ngha TBL: So Byte c cho phep truyen i
nh dang giao tiep Port 0 ( No
Parity, 8 data bits per
character,toc o baud 9600, che
o Freeport protocol)
Xuat d lieu qua Port 0.
TBL = VB200
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V tr Byte truyen bat au bang TBL + 1
V du: lenh tren Neu VB200 = 5 ,lenh tren se thc hien viec truyen 5 Byte (
VB201,VB202,VB203,VB204,VB205)
b/Nhan d lieu qua Port giao tiep:
e thc hien viec nhan d lieu qua Port giao tiep ,trc het ta cung phai nh dang giao thc
cho viec giao tiep giong nh phan xuat d lieu ra Port giao tiep.
e thc hien viec nhan d lieu,ta thc hien viec lien ket s kien nhan d lieu qua Port giao
tiep ( S kien so 8 cho Port 0,s kien so 25 cho Port 1).
SMB2 la byte cha d lieu nhan c t Port 0 va Port 1 trong qua trnh giao tiep,Ngha la
d lieu nhan c se ay vao SMB2,do vay trong chng trnh ngat ta phai lu lai d lieu
nhan c ,neu khong se b mat d lieu
Sau o se goi chng trnh con e x l chuoi d lieu va mi nhan o.
6/Ket noi TD200:
TD200 la man hnh giao tiep vi CPU S7_200,man hnh TD200 la man hnh dang Text cho
phep ngi s dung thay oi d lieu,canh bao khi gap s co..Tuy nhien loai man hnh nay
khong co phan mem chuyen biet cho viec lap trnh,ma viec lien ket vi no phai thong qua
chng trnh S7_200, Ngha la e co the lien ket vi TD200 ,Trong chng trnh S7_200 ta
phai thc hien viec nh dang bang Wizard.
Cac bc thc hien Wizard:
Lien ket s kien ngat so 8 vi
chng trnh ngat INT_0 ( s
kien nhan d lieu qua Port
giao tiep)
Cho phep ngat (ENI)
D lieu sau khi nhan c a
vao con tro AC1 (tc la a vao
VB300),sau o tang con tro len 1
Con tro ang VB301
Tang con tro len 1
Con tro tro ti o nh VB300
78
Chon Wizard TD200,bang cach Double click vao
TD 200,roi chon next
Sau o chon loai TD200 can dung ( TD200
V2.1,TD 200 V3.0 ,TD200C )
Chon ngon
ng va
loai Font
ch cho
phu hp.
Sau o
tiep tuc
chon
next,e
qua trang
ke tiep.
79
TD200 co 8 nut nhan t F1 F4 , SHIFT F1 SHIFT F4,
Cac nut nhan nay cho phep ta chon a ch Byte cho 8 nut nhan nay.
Mac nh ( Byte M0 ,khi o : F1:M0.0 , F2:M0.1..SHIFT F4 : M0.7)
Cho phep ta chon khi nhan th Bit se c set hay ch ON/OFF
TD200 cho phep ta nh dang khoang toi a 80 man hnh ,moi man hnh cho phep ta nh
dang 40 k t hay 20 k t.
nh dang v tr bat au cho
14 Byte danh cho vung Data
Block ( mac nh VB0)
nh dang Byte danh cho
Bit cho phep cua trang man
hnh can hien th ( Mac nh
VB14)
V tr Byte au tien cho 40
Byte d lieu k t cua man
hnh. (Mac nh VB24)
80
Bit cho phep cua man hnh la V14.7
a ch Byte bat au VB24: Do vay
VB24 = T ,VB25=A" VB26 = I ..
Sau o chon Finish cho viec hoan thanh nh dang Wizard,khi o sau khi Download chng
trnh xuong PLC th PLC se hieu TD200 khi CPU lien ket vi man hnh.
Ngoai viec nh dang Wizard ta con can phai viet lenh trong chng trnh S7_200 e co the
tang hoac giam cac d lieu trong S7_200
Ngoai ra mot so nut nhan tang giam:
Nut tang : V3.3
Nut giam: V3.2
Nut Enter : V3.1
Ngoai ra ta con co the chon :
81
D lieu dang Word,hoac Double Word cho cac o nh tng ng.
V du: Khi nhan nut tang,muon d lieu tang len 1,th trong chng trnh PLC ta phai thc
hien cac lenh sau:
7/ ieu khien PID:
Mot he thong ieu khien mong muon : at gia tr xac lap vi thi gian va sai so nho nhat co
the.e co the at c yeu cau nay th trc tien he thong ieu khien phai la he thong ieu
khien vong kn ( Ngha la phai co vong hoi tiep cho he thong ieu khien).
Yeu cau cua he thong:
Gia tr at ( La gia tr do ngi s dung mong muon)
Gia tr o ( Gia tr o ve t cam bien)
T s chenh lech sai so gia gia tr at va gia tr o t o co phng phap hieu chnh (ieu
khien kp thi)
Cac bc thc hien Wizard cho viec ieu khien PID:
82
Chon gia tr nho nhat cung nh ln nhat cua gia tr Setpoint,chon he so Gain,Sample time
,Integral Time,Derivative Time. Cac gia tr nay phai chon phu hp th thi gian xac lap mi
nhanh,va sai so tot.
Chon Wizard PID,Double click vao PID e chon viec nh dang
cho Wizard PID
Chon so vong (LOOP) cho viec ieu
khien PID,so vong toi a 3
83
Chon loai tn hieu n cc hay lng cc
Chon loai tn hieu ieu khien,tn hieu analog hay tn hieu Digital
Chon co dung Off set 20% hay khong
Chon cac tn hieu cho phep Alarm mc thap ( Gia tr chon tng ng)
Chon tn hieu cho phep Alarm mc cao ( Gia tr chon tng ng)
Chon che o Alarm loi
Chon next va Finish e ket thuc viec nh dang wizard.
Chng trnh se tao ra 2 chng trnh con PID0_INIT va PID_EXE,ta co the s dung 2
chng trnh con nay trong chng trnh ng dung cho phu hp.
Chng trnh con PID0_INIT c thc hien trong chng trnh chnh,con chng trnh
PID_EXE se c thc hien khi qua trnh PID a c xac lap.
8/ S dung Memory Catridge:
S7_200 co them mot cong cu that l thu o la Memory Catridge
84
Memory Catridge la option gan them cho CPU S7_200 khi ngi dung co yeu cau nhng
ng dung lien quan en thiet b nay,thong thng th tai moi CPU v tr cua Memory
Catridge se c che kn bi 1 thiet b phu tr tranh trng hp bui xam nhap vao,moi khi
can dung them thiet b Memory Catridge th ta thay the thiet b che chan o bang Memory
Catridge.
Cac cong dung co them cua Memory Catridge:
M rong dung lng nh cho chng trnh
Thiet lap Recipe
Thiet lap Data Log
Lu tr chng trnh khi can thiet
a/M rong dung lng bo nh chng trnh: Moi CPU ch co mot dung lng cho bo nh
chng trnh nhat nh,trong trng hp chng trnh qua dai,vt qua dung lng cua bo
nh chng trnh ,ch con mot cach duy nhat la s dung Memory Catridge e chia se bt
chng trnh can thiet.
V du: Dung lng bo nh chng trnh thong thng khoang 8KB,neu chng trnh ng
dung co dung lng ln hn 8KB ta phai s dung Memory Catridge gan them.( Memory
Catridge co the la 64KB,128KB,256KB
b/Thiet lap Recipe: Chng trnh S7_200 cho phep ta thiet lap nhng cong thc co san
trong chng trnh S7_200,chng trnh nay se c lu trong Memory Catridge khi
Download.
ng dung nay thng c dung trong nhng he thong can s dung nhieu cong thc co san
biet trc ma khong can phai s dung man hnh nhap t ben ngoai.
Cac bc thc hien thiet lap Recipe:
Chon Wizard Recipe bang cach Double click
vao Recipe
Sau o chon Next
85
Chon cac muc can thiet cho viec thiet lap cong thc nh : Cat,a,Ximang,Nc,Phugia
Thiet lap cac cong thc cho ng dung can thiet
V du: Cong thc 1:
Cat = 1600Kg
a = 2100Kg
Ximang = 300Kg
Nc = 150Kg
Phu gia = 16Kg
Sau o chon Next,roi chon Finish
Khi o chng trnh se t ong tao ra 2 chng trnh con RCP0_Read va RCP0_Write,ta phai
s dung 2 chng trnh nay trong chng trnh ng dung tng ng.
RCP0_Read : dung e oc cong thc t PLC
RCP0_Write: dung e viet cac cong thc len PLC.
V du:
86
c/Thiet lap Data Log:
Chng trnh cho phep ta thiet lap Data Log trong trng hp ngi s dung muon theo doi
s hoat ong cua mot he thong theo thi gian,khi o ngi s dung phai co Option Memory
Catridge ,ong thi phai s dung cong cu Data Log.e oc c Data Log ta phai s dung
S7-200 Explorer,chng trnh nay se oc Data Log tng ng co trong Memory Catridge
Cac bc s dung Data Log:
Chon cac muc tng ng:
Bao gom kem theo thi gian cho moi Record
Khi co I0.0,chng trnh se oc cong thc
1,byte loi se c lu vao VB100
Khi co I0.1 chng trnh se viet cong thc 2
,Byte loi se c a vao VB101
Chon Data Log trong Wizard bang cach Double click vao
Data Log
Sau o chon Next
87
Bao gom kem theo ngay thang cho moi Record
Xoa Data Log khi Upload
Chon So lng Record c lu tr toi a
Chon Ten va loai d lieu cho viec thc hien Data Log
Chon Next va Finish cho viec hoan thanh nh dang Wizard.
Chng trnh se tao ra chng trnh con DAT0_Write,ta se goi chng trnh con nay trong
chng trnh ng dung tng ng.
Khi thc hien viec s dung Memory Catridge ,ta phai chon muc Download to
Memory Catridge khi Download chng trnh ng dung.
e/Lu chng trnh ng dung:
Khi s dung Memory Catridge ta co the lu chng trnh ng dung khi can thiet.Viec li the
cua lu chng trnh ng dung la ta khong can phai download lai chng trnh ng dung khi
thay the CPU (trong trng hp CPU b h hong),ma ta ch can thay the CPU roi gan
Memory Catridge vao CPU,CPU se t ong cap nhat toan bo chng trnh a co san trong
Memory Catridge.
e thc hien c ieu nay th khi DownLoad chng trnh xuong CPU ta phai thc hien
them 1 bc na la lu chng trnh vao trong Memory Catridge.
Khi co I0.0,chng trnh se thc thi viec ghi
Data Log,Byte loi la VB200
88
8/Mot so o nh ac biet s dung trong S7_200:
SMB0 : Status Bits
SM0.0 : Bit nay luon luon ON
SM0.1 : Bit nay ON trong chu k quet au tien cua chng trnh,hoac ON khi
bat t Stop sang Run
SM0.2 : Bit nay ON trong 1 chu k quet neu d lieu cua o nh co kha nang
nh b mat.
SM0.3 : Bit nay ON trong 1 chu k quet khi co ien va ang trang thai RUN
SM0.4 : Bit nay xung nhp chu k 1 phut, 30S ON, 30S OFF
SM0.5 :Bit nay xung nhp chu k 1giay , 0.5s ON , 0.5S OFF
SM0.6 :Bit nay xung nhp chu k 1 vong quet , Vong quet nay ON,vong Quet
ke tiep OFF.
SM0.7 :Bit phan anh v tr cua Switch che o : On khi Switch che o RUN,
OFF khi Switch che o TERM
SMB1 : Status Bits
SM1.0 : Bit nay ON khi viec thc thi lenh cho ket qua la Zero
SM1.1 : Bit nay ON khi ket qua thu c b tran o nh hoac ket qua thu c
khong hp le.
SM1.2 : Bit nay ON khi ket qua thu c la so am.
SM1.3 : Bit nay ON khi thc hien phep chia cho so 0
SM1.4 : Bit nay ON khi viec them d lieu vao mot bang b tran.
SM1.5 :Bit nay ON khi lenh LIFO va FIFO thc hien viec oc t 1 bang
trong.
SM1.6 :Bit nay ON khi lenh chuyen oi khong phai so BCD sang so BIN c
thc thi.
SM1.7 :Bit Nay ON khi viec thc hien chuyen oi so ASCII sang so Decimal
khong hp le.
SMB2 : Nhan d lieu thong qua cong FreePort
D lieu c nhan qua cong FreePort se c a vao SMB2
Ta vao PLC ,chon Program Memory Catridge ( Trong
trng hp phai Online vi gia may tnh va PLC)
Hoac ta co the xoa Memory Catridge bang cach chon
Erase Memory Catridge.
89
SMB3 : Loi Parity thong qua cong Freeport
SM3.0 : Parity loi t Port 0 hay Port 1 ( 0 = No Error , 1= Error c phat hien)
SMB4 : Tran d lieu
SM4.0 : Bit nay ON khi ngat giao tiep b tran.
SM4.1 : Bit nay ON khi ngat ngo vao b tran.
SM4.2 : Bit nay ON khi Ngat thi gian b tran.
SM4.3 : Bit nay ON khi thi gian thc hien chng trnh gap van e.
SM4.4 : Bit nay ON khi viec ngat c cho phep.
SM4.5 :Bit nay ON khi viec truyen d lieu qua Port 0 khong c thc thi
SM4.6 : Bit nay ON khi viec truyen d lieu qua Port 1 khong c thc thi
SM4.7 :Bit Nay ON khi mot so gia tr b ep .(B Force)
SMB5 : Trang thai I/O
SM5.0 : Bit nay ON khi co ngo vao ra b loi.
SM5.1 : Bit nay ON khi qua nhieu I/O c noi vao I/O Bus
SM5.2 : Bit nay ON khi qua nhieu Analog I/O c noi vao I/O Bus
SM5.3 : Bit nay ON khi qua nhieu Modul I/O c ket noi vao I/O Bus.
SMB6 : ID cua CPU
SM6.4 SM6.7:
0000 : CPU 222
0010 : CPU 224
0110 : CPU 221
1001 : CPU 226/CPU 226XM
SMB8 en SMB21 : I/O Modul ID va loi thanh ghi
nh dang Modul ID:
m t t a i i q q
m: Modul ton tai 0 : ton tai
1 : Khong ton tai
tt : Loai Modul
00 :Khong phai Modul I/O thong minh
01 :Modul thong minh
a: Loai I/O
0 : Loai I/O so
1 : Loai Analog
ii : Ngo vao
00 : Khong co ngo vao
01 : 2AI hoac 8DI
10 : 2AI hoac 16DI
11 : 8AI hoac 32DI
qq : Ngo ra
00 : Khong co Output
01 : 2AQ hoac 8DQ
90
10 : 2AQ hoac 16DQ
11 : 8AQ hoac 32DQ
nh dang Modul Error:
c 0 0 b r p f t
c : nh dang loi 0 : khong loi
1 : Loi
b : Loi ng Bus hay loi Parity
r : Loi vt tam
p : Loi nguon ngi s dung
SMB8 : Modul0 ID
SMB9 : Modul0 Error
SMB10 : Modul1 ID
SMB11 : Modul1 Error
SMB12 : Modul2 ID
SMB14 : Modul3 ID
SMB16 : Modul4 ID
SMB18 : Modul5 ID
SMB20 : Modul6 ID
SMW22 en SMW26 : Thi gian quet.
SMW22 : Thi gian quet chu k cuoi (millisecond)
SMW24 : Thi gian quet nho nhat (millisecond)
SMW26 : Thi gian quet ln nhat (millisecond)
SMB28 en SMB29 : ieu chnh gia tr Analog
SMB28 : Gia tr ieu chnh ngo th 1 cua Analog,khi chng trnh chuyen t
Stop/Run
SMB29 : Gia tr ieu chnh ngo th 2 cua Analog,khi chng trnh chuyen t
Stop/Run
SMB30 va SMB130 : Thanh ghi ieu khien FreePort
91
SMB34 va SMB35 : Thanh ghi ieu khien ngat thi gian
SMB34 : Ngat thi gian cho INT_0 (ms)
SMB35 : Ngat thi gian cho INT_1 (ms)
SMB34 en SMB65 : Thanh ghi danh cho HSC0,HSC1 va HSC2
92
93
Xem chi tiet trong hng dan oc High Speed Counter cac muc tren.
SMB66 en SMB85: PTO/PWM Registers
94
SMB86 en SMB94,SMB186 en SMB194 : Receive Message Control
SMW98: Loi tren Modul m rong I/O:
95
SMW98 tang moi khi bits parity loi c kiem tra Modul m rong .Gia tr nay se c
xoa moi khi bat nguon hoac co the xoa bi ngi s dung.
SMB131 en SMB165:HSC3,HSC4,HSC5
96
9/ ieu khien bien tan theo giao thc USS:
CPU S7_200 co the ieu khien bien tan Siemens thong qua Port giao tiep bang giao thc
USS

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Hng dan s dung S7-200

VD: 1011 1000 0101 = B85

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