Bai Bao Cao Truyen Khoi Word 2003

Bi bo co: Dng thp mm chp hp thu NH3 GVHD: Nguyn HuTrung
CHNG I. GII THIU TNG QUAN

I. GII THIU S LC HP THU
I.1. Khi nim
Hp thu l qu trnh xy ra khi mt cu t ca pha kh khuch tn vo pha lng do
s tip xc gia hai pha kh v lng. Nu qu trnh xy ra ngc li, ngha l cn s
truyn vt cht t pha lng vo pha kh, ta c qu trnh nh kh. Nguyn l ca c hai
qu trnh l ging nhau.
I.2. p dng ca hp thu
Trong cng nghip ha cht ,thc phm, qu trnh hp thu c dng :
- Thu hi cc cu t qu trong pha kh
- Lm sch pha kh
- Tch hn hp to thnh cc cu t ring bit
- To thnh mt dung dch sn phm.
I.3. La chn dung mi
Nu mc ch ca qu trnh l tch cc cu t hn hp kh th khi vic la chn
dung mi tt ph thuc vo cc yu t sau:
1) ha tan tt: c tnh chn lc c ngha l ch ha tan cu t cn tch v ha
tan khng ng k cc cu t cn li. y l iu kin quan trng nht.
2) nht ca dung mi: cng b th tr lc qu trnh cng nh, tng tc hp
thu v c li cho qu trnh chuyn khi.
3) Nhit dung ring: b s tn t nhit khi hon nguyn dung mi.
4) Nhit si: khc xa vi nhit si ca cht ho tan s d tch cc cu t ra
khi dung mi.
5) Nhit ng rn: thp trnh tc thit b, khng to kt ta, khng c v
thu hi cc cu t ha tan d dng hn.
6) t bay hi, r tin, d kim v
7) khng c hi vi ngi v
8) khng n mn thit b.
1.4. Phng php hp th
Hp th vt l: c da trn s ha tan ca cu t pha kh trong pha lng.
1
Hp th ha hc: c phn ng ha hc gia cht b hp th v cht hp th. Khi
ny hiu nng b mt phn chia pha tng, vn tc hp th ha hc tng hn khi
hp th vt l. Vn tc phn ng ha hc cng tng, vn tc hp th ha hc cng
tng.
1.5 Cc lai thp hp th
Thit b hp th c chc nng to ra b mt tip xc gia hai pha kh v lng cng
ln cng tt. C nhiu dng thp hp thu:
a) Thp phun:
L thp c c cu phun cht lng bng c hc hay bng p sut trong cht
lng c phun thnh nhng git nh trong th tch rng ca thit b v cho dng kh
i qua. Thp phun c s dng khi yu cu tr lc b v kh c cha ht rn.
b) Thp si bt:
Kh c cho qua tm c l bn trn c cha lp nc mng .
c) Thp sc kh:
Kh c phn tn di dng cc bong bng i qua lp cht lng. Qu trnh phn
tn kh c th thc hin bng cch cho kh i qua tm xp, tm c l hoc bng cch
khuy c hc.
d) Thp m:
Cht lng c ti trn lp m rng v chy xung di to ra b mt t ca
lp m dng kh tip xc khi i t di ln. Thp m thng c s dng khi
nng sut nh, mi trng n mn, t l lng: kh ln, kh khng cha bi v hp th
khng to ra cn lng.
e) Thp a (thp mm)
Cho php vn tc kh ln nn ng knh thp tng i nh, kinh t hn nhng
thp khc. c s dng khi nng sut ln, lu lng lng nh v mi trng khng
n mn.
Thp hp th phi tho mn nhng yu cu sau: hiu qu v c kh nng cho
kh i qua, tr lc thp (<3000Pa), kt cu n gin v vn hnh thun tin, khi
lng nh, khng b tc nghn bi cn sinh ra trong qu trnh hp th.
2
Khi ng thi hp th nhiu kh, vn tc hp th ca mi kh b gim xung. Kh hp
th ho hc trong thp xut hin i lu b mt, ngha l trn b mt phn chia pha
xut hin dng i lu cng bc thc y qu trnh truyn khi.
1.6. Cc yu t nh hng n qu trnh hp th
a) nh hng ca nhit :
Khi cc iu kin khc khng i m nhit thp tng th h s Henry s tng.
Kt qu l nh hng ng cn bng dch chuyn v pha trc tung. Nu ng lm
vic AB khng i th ng lc trung bnh s gim, s a l thuyt s tng v chiu
cao ca thit b s tng. Thm ch c khi thp khng lm vic c v nhit tng
qu so vi yu cu k thut. Nhng nhit tng cng c li l lm cho nht c hai
pha kh v lng tng.
b) nh hng ca p sut:
Nu cc iu kin khc gi nguyn m ch tng p sut trong thp th h s cn
bng s tng v cn bng s dch chuyn v pha trc honh.
Khi ng lm vic AB khng i dn n ng lc trung bnh tng qu trnh
truyn khi s tt hn v th s a l thuyt s gim lm chiu cao ca thp thp hn.
Tuy nhin, vic tng p sut thng km theo s tng nhit . Mt khc, s tng
p sut cng gy kh khn trong vic ch to v vn hnh ca thp hp th.
c) Cc yu t khc:
Tnh cht ca dung mi, loi thit b, cu to thit b, chnh xc ca dng c o,
ch vn hnh thp u c nh hng nhiu n hiu sut hp thu.
II. S LC NH
3
2.1. Ngun gc pht sinh
- Cc hot ng cng nghip pht thi amoniac l: sn xut amoniac, sn xut phn
bn, CN tinh lc du, luyn cc, sn xut soda, cc c s s dng amoniac
- Qu trnh t rc,
- t cc nguyn liu ha thch,
- Qu trnh d ha ca ngi v ng vt, qu trnh thi ra, phn hy him kh.
2.2. Tnh cht NH
3
+ Amoniac l mt kh c mi hc, khi tan trong nc to thnh dung dch kim yu:
NH
3
+ H
2
O = NH
4
OH
3
+ NH3 phn ng mnh vi cc axit to thnh mui tng ng
2.3. Tc hi NH
3
Amoniac thm nhp vo c th qua ng h hp, n ung v thm thu qua da.
Tc ng ca Amoniac trc ht gy kch thch mnh v ph hy cc nim mc
mt, mi v li hu qu.
Khi hm lng amoniac trong no tng n 50 mg/kg, xut hin hin tng co
cng cc c v i vo hn m.
i vi h tun hon, khi hm lng amoniac tng n 100 mg/kg c th s li
nhng hu qu nghim trng.
Khi tip xc vi amoniac cao trong khng kh thng c biu hin sau: gy kch
thch cung hng lp tc (280 mg/m3), gy ho (1200 mg/m3), e da s sng (1700
mg/m3), gy cht ngi (> 3500 mg/m3).
4
CHNG II. QUI TRNH CNG NGH
I. CHN QUY TRNH CNG NGH
- Chn ngun x l kh l t ng khi ca nh my sn xut amoniac. Kh c
x l s b trc khi vo thp.
- C nhiu loi dung mi hp th NH
3
, nhm em chn dung mi hp thu l
nc v nc l dung mi hp thu r tin , d kim , khng n mn thit b, c
tnh kinh t.
- Thp hp thu l thp m nn dung mi hp thu l nc sch khng to ra
cn lng lm cn tr dng kh v lng.
HOT NG CA THP
- Cho kh NH
3
vo thp trc v i t di y thp ln, kh c a ln bng
qut p sut 5,8 atm (v p sut thp). Lng kh c iu chnh bng van
v lu k kh.
- Dung mi hp thu l nc i t trn xung . Nc sch t b cha c bm
ln bn cao v . Sau i qua lu lng k o lu lng dng chy v i vo
thp hp thu.
- Hn hp kh NH
3
v nc tip xc vi nhau a (ti y thc hin qu trnh
truyn khi gia 2 pha kh v lng)
5
CHNG III. TNH TON THIT K THP MM CHP
I. CC THNG S U VO
- p sut p = 5,8 atm = 5,8 x 760 = 4408 mmHg
- Nhit t = 35
0
C, T
0
C = 35 +273 = 308
0
C
- Hm lng NH
3
ban u y
d
= 26% = 0,26
- hp th A = 87% = 0,87
- Lng dung mi L
tr
= 430 kg NH
3
/h.
Chn dung mi l nc L
tr
= 430 kg NH
3
/h = 430/M
H2O
= 430/18 = 23,88 kmol/h
II. TNH TON CN BNG VT CHT
L
d
, L
c
: lu lng hn hp pha lng vo v ra khi thit b (kmol/h)
G
d
, G
c
: lu lng hn hp pha kh vo v ra khi thit b (kmol/h)
L
tr
: lng dung mi tinh khit cn s dng (kmol/h)
G
tr
: lng kh tr vo thit b (kmol/h)
X
d
,X
c
: nng u v cui hn hp lng (kmol/kmol dung mi)
Y
d
,Y
c
: nng u v cui hn hp kh (kmol/kmol dung mi)
y
d
, y
c
: Nng th tch ban u v cui ca dng kh
x
d
, x
c
: Nng th tch ban u v cui ca dng lng
X
cmax
: nng cn bng ng vi nng hn hp kh c xc nh thng qua ng
cn bng
S tnh ton cn bng vt cht cho thp :
Cht lng vo Kh ra
L
d
, x
d
G
c
, y
c
L
tr
, X
d
G
tr
, Y
c

Cht lng ra Kh vo
L
c
, x
c
G
d
, y
d
6

x L y
G
X L
tr
Y G
tr

L
tr
, X
c
G
tr
, Y
d
Tnh ton cn bng vt cht
y
d
= 26% = 0,26
Y
d
=
d
d
y
y
1
= 0,351(Kmol NH
3
/Kmolkhtr)
Y
c
= Y
d
(1 A) = 0,351 (1 0,87 ) = 0,0456 (KmolNH
3
/Kmolkhtr)
y
c
= Y
c
/(1 + Y
c
) = 0,0436
Phng trnh cn bng ca dung dch hp thu NH
3
bng H
2
O c biu din
theo nh lut Henry :
P = H.x hoc y
t
P
H
=mx .
Trong :
y : nng phn mol ca NH
3
trong dng kh iu kin cn bng .
x : nng phn mol kh ha tan trong pha lng .
P : p sut ring phn ca cu t kh ha tan khi cn bng .
P
t
: p sut tng ca h hp thu .
H : h s Henry .
V 35
o
C khng c trong bng nn ly xp x 30
0
C : H = 0,00241 x 10
6
(mmHg) Tra bng IX.1 (s tay cng ngh ha cht tp 2).
m : h s phn b .
m =
t
P
H
=
760 . 8 , 5
10 . 00241 , 0
6
= 0,5467
y =
Y
Y
+ 1
x =
X
X
+ 1
Thay vo trn ta c : y = m.
X
X
+ 1
=>
Y
Y
+ 1
=m.
X
X
+ 1
Y =
X m
mX
) 1 ( 1 +
=
X
X
). 5467 , 0 1 ( 1
. 5467 , 0
+
M : y = y
d
= 0,26 ; X = X
cmax
y = m.
X
X
+ 1

=> 0,26 = 0,5467.
X
X
+ 1
7
=> X = X
cmax
= 0,9069
Theo thc nghim ta c: L

= (1,2 1,3)L
min
.
Chn L= 1,2L
min
=> L
min
= L
tr
/1,2 = 23,88/1,2 = 19,9
Hp thu NH
3
bng nc , chn dung mi sch khi vo thp nn : X
d
= 0
G
tr
= 59,09
G
d
= G
tr
/(1 y
d
) = 59,09/(1 0,26) = 43,73 (kmol/h)
G
c
= G
tr
/(1 - y
c
) = 59,09/(1 0,0436) = 56,51(kmol/h)
G
d
=

RT
PV
> V
d
= G
d
.RT/P= 43,7266 x 0,082 x 35/5,8 = 21,63 (m
3
/h)
Phng trnh cn bng vt cht c dng ;
G
tr
.Y

+ L
tr
.X

= G
tr
.Y
c
+ L
tr
.X
c
Suy ra :
d c
c d
tr
tr
X X
Y Y
G
L
Suy ra : X
c
=
tr
tr
c d
G
L
Y Y
=
7559 , 0
404 , 0
0456 , 0 351 , 0
(mol NH
3
/KmolH
2
O)
x
c
= X
c
/(1 + X
c
) = 0,7559/(1 + 0,7559) = 0,4305.
III. TNH TON CC THNG S CA THP
III.1. Thng s vt l
III.1.1. Thng s vt l pha kh
- Lu lng kh trung bnh i trong thp hp thu :
2
c d
ytb
V V
V
+
V
d
, V
c
lu lng kh vo v ra khi thp , m
3
/h .
V
c
= V
tr
x ( 1 + Y
c
)
=
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 704 , 16 0436 , 0 1 . 26 , 0 1 . 63 , 21 1 . 1 + +
c d d
Y y x V
(m
3
/h)
Suy ra : V
ytb
=
16 , 19
2
7 , 16 63 , 21
+
(m
3
/h) .
- KLR trung bnh ca pha kh :
( ) [ ]
T
M y M y
tb tb
ytb
. 4 . 22
273 . . 1 .
2 1 1 1
+

8
Yc Yd
Xd Xc
L G
tr
max
min
Trong :
+ M
1
, M
2
: Khi lng mol ca NH
3
v khng kh .
+ T : nhit lm vic trung bnh ca thp hp thu . T = 35
0
C
+ y
tb1
: nng phn mol ca NH
3
ly theo gi tr trung bnh.

2
1 1
1
c d
tb
y y
y
+
Vi y
d1
, y
c1
: nng phn mol ca NH
3
vo v ra khi thp .
y
d1
= y
d
= 0,26
0436 , 0
1
1

+
c
c
c
Y
Y
y
Suy ra :
1518 , 0
2
0436 , 0 26 , 0
1

+
tb
y
+ M
1
= M
NH3
= 17 (g/mol)
M
2
= M
kkh
= 28.8 (g/mol)
Suy ra : ytb
=
( ) [ ]
( )
068 , 1
35 273 . 4 , 22
273 . 8 , 28 . 1518 , 0 1 17 . 1518 , 0
+
+
kg/m
3
- nht trung bnh pha kh (ca hn hp kh):

2
2 2
1
1 1
. .

M m M m M
hh
hh
+
+ M
hh
, M
1
, M
2
: khi lng phn t ca hn hp kh , ca NH
3
v khng kh ,
kg/kmol .
M
1
= 17(kg/kmol)
M
2
=

M
kk
= 28.8 (kg/kmol) .
( ) ( ) 008 , 27 8 , 28 . 1518 , 0 1 17 . 1518 , 0 . 1 .
2 1 1 1
+ + M y M y M
tb tb hh

(kg/kmol) .
+ m
1
, m
2
: nng ca NH
3
, khng kh tnh theo phn h tch.
m
1
= y
tb1
= 0,1518
m
2
= 1 y
tb1
= 1 0,1518 = 0,8482
+ 35
0
c :

2
=
kk
= 0,024.10
-3
(kg/m.s).

1
=
3
NH
= 0,0173.10
-3
(kg/m.s).
9
Thay vo ta c :
2
2 2
1
1 1
. .

M m M m M
hh
hh
+
=> 3 3
10 024 , 0
8 , 28 8482 , 0
10 0173 , 0
17 1518 , 0 008 , 27

hh
Suy ra :
5
10 3142 , 2

hh
(kg/m.s).
- Lu lng khi lng pha kh trung bnh:

2
c d
ytb
G G
G
+
, kg/s
G
d
, G
c
: lu lng kh vo v ra khi thp , kg/s .
Suy ra :
12 , 50
2
51 , 56 73 , 43
ytb
G
(kmol/h) = 50,12/3600 = 0,0139222
(kg/s)
III.1.2. Thng s vt l pha lng
- V
xtb
: lu lng dng lng trung bnh.
Do lng cu t ho tan trong dung dch nh , xem qu trnh hp thu khng lm
thay i ng k th tch nn :

tr
tr tr tr xtb
M L V V
1
. .
Vi : tr
l khi lng ring ca nc 35

0
C .

tr
= 994,2 (kg/m
3
) .
M
tr
: khi lng phn t ca H
2
O , kg/kmol .
L
tr
: lu lng nc , kmol/h .
Suy ra :
0175 , 3
2 , 994
1
18
18
300

xtb
V
m
3
/h
- Khi lng ring trung bnh ca pha lng :

( )
2 1 1 1
. 1 .
tb tb tb tb xtb
V V +
1 tb
, 2 tb
: khi lng ring trung bnh ca NH

3
, H
2
O trong pha lng .
1 tb
V
, V
tb2
: th tch trung bnh ca NH
3
, H
2
O trong pha lng.
Do lng NH
3
ho tan trong dung dch nh nn : V
tb1
0 .
10

2 , 994
2
2

O H tb xtb

(kg/m
3
).
- nht trung bnh ca pha lng:
Do lng cu t NH
3
ho tan trong dung dch nh nn c th xem :

3
10 7679 , 0
2

O H xtb

(kg/m.s).
- Lu lng khi lng trung bnh ca pha lng:

2
xc xd
xtb
G G
G
+
xd
G
, xc
G
: lu lng khi lng dng lng vo v ra khi thp .

5 , 1
3600
1
. 18 . 300 *
tr tr xd
M L G
(kg/s) .

( )
3600
17 7559 , 0 300 18 300
* * *
2
+
+
SO c tr tr tr xc
M X L M L G

= 2,5708 (kg/s).
Suy ra : G
xtb
=
0354 , 2
2
5708 , 2 5 , 1
2

+
+
xc xd
G G
(kg/s).
III.2. Tnh ng knh thp hp th
Tc bt u to nh tng , cn gi l tc o pha W
s
(m/s ) c xc nh
theo cng thc :

8
1
4
1
16 . 0
3
2
. ) .( 75 , 1
. .
. .
lg

,
_

1
1
]
1
,
_
xtb
ytb
y
x
n
x
xtb d
ytb d p
G
G
A
V g
W

Vi :
+ G
x
, G
y
: lu lng dng lng v kh trung bnh , kg/s .
G
x
= G
xtb
= 2,0354 (kg/s).
G
y
= G
ytb
= 0,0139 (kg/s).
+
xtb
,
ytb
: khi lng ring trung bnh ca pha lng v kh .

xtb
= 994,2 (kg/m
3
) .

ytb
= 1,068 (kg/m
3
) .
+
x
: nht trung bnh pha lng theo nhit trung bnh.

x
=
xtb
= 0,7679 10
-3
(kg/m.s).
+
n
: nht ca nc 20
0
C .

n
= 1,005.10
-3
(kg/m.s) .
11
A : h s , A = 0,022
Chn m vng Raschig bng s, kch thc 12 x 12 x 1,8mm cc thng s ca
m :
d
: b mt ring

d
= 360 m
2
/m
3

V
d
: th tch t do
V
d
= 0,67 m
3
/m
3
d
: khi lng ring

d
= 800 kg/m
3
8
1
4
1
16 . 0
3
2
. ) .( 75 , 1
. .
. .
lg

,
_

1
1
]
1
,
_
xtb
ytb
y
x
n
x
xtb d
ytb d p
G
G
A
V g
W

Thay s vo ta c:
lg
8
1
4
1
16 . 0
3
3
3
2
2 , 994
299 , 1
.
0139 , 0
0345 , 2
. 75 , 1 022 . 0
10 . 005 , 1
10 . 7679 , 0
.
2 , 994 . 67 , 0 . 81 , 9
068 , 1 . 360 .
,
_
,
_

1
1
]
1
,
_
p
W

p dng cng thc logarit: log
a
N = y => N = a
y
W
p
= 0,1364 (m/s).
Chn tc lm vic :
12272 , 0 9 , 0
p tb
W
(m/s).
ng knh thp c xc nh theo cng thc :

23 , 0
396 , 0 3600
16 , 19 4
3600
4

tb
tb
V
D
(m) .
III.3. H s khuch tn
III.3.1. H s khuch tn pha lng

( )
6 . 0
'
5 . 0
12
.
. . 10 . 4 , 7
A
B
x
V
T M
D
, m
2
/s .
Trong : M
B
l khi lng mol ca dung mi , M
B
=
18
2

O H
M
(kg/kmol)
l h s kt hp cho dung mi , = 2.6 cho dung mi l nc .
T = 273 + 35 = 308
0
K , nhit khuch tn .
V
A
= 25,8 cm
3
/mol , l th tch mol ca dung cht .
: l d nht ca dung dch .
12
=
7679 , 0
2

O H
(Cp) .
Suy ra :
( )
10
6 . 0
3 . 0 12
10 . 61135 , 9
8 , 44 . 7679 , 0
305 . 18 . 6 , 2 10 . 4 , 7

x
D (m
2
/s)
III.3.2. H s khuch tn pha kh
2
1
2
3
1
3
1
2
3
7
1 1
.
. 10 . 3 , 4
,
_
,
_
B A
B A
y
M M
V V P
T
D
.
Trong : T = 273 +35 = 308
0
K
P = 1 at , Ap sut khuch tn .
M
A
, M
B
: l khi lng mol kh NH
3
v khng kh .
M
A
=
2
SO
M
= 17 (kg/kmol) .
M
B
= M
kk
= 28,8 (kg/kmol) .
V
A
, V
B
: th tch mol ca SO
2
v ca khng kh .
V
A
= 25,8 (cm
3
/mol). Tra bng 1.4 gio trnh /trang 21
V
B
= 29,9 (cm
3
/mol) . Tra bng 1.4 gio trnh/trang 21
2
1
2
3
1
3
1
2
3
7
1 1
.
. 10 . 3 , 4
,
_
,
_
B A
B A
y
M M
V V P
T
D
Th vo ta c :
6
2
1
2
3
1
3
1
2
3
7
10 339 , 3
8 , 28
1
17
1
9 , 29 8 , 25 . 8 , 5
308 . 10 . 3 , 4

,
_
,
_
y
D
(m
2
/s).
III.4. Mt s thng s khc
+ G
y
, L
x
l tc khi lng ca kh v lng tng ng mt n v tit din ngang
ca thp (kg/m
2
.s).
Tit din ngang ca thp : 04 , 0
4
23 , 0
4
2 2
D
F
t
(m
2
)
3475 , 0
04 , 0
0139 , 0

t
ytb
y
F
G
G
(kg/m
2
.s).
885 , 50
04 , 0
0354 , 2

t
xtb
x
F
G
L
(kg/m
2
.s).
13
+
y
=0,0173.10
-3
kg/m.s , l nht pha kh.
+
y
=
ytb
= 1,068 kg/m
3
l khi lng ring pha kh.
+ D
x
, D
y
: l h s khuch tn trong pha kh v trong pha lng (m
2
/s).
G
x
= G
xtb
= 2,0354 (kg/s).
G
y
= G
ytb
= 0,0139 (kg/s).
36 , 7
10 7679 , 0 360 04 , 0
0354 , 2 04 , 0 04 , 0
Re
3

x t
x
x
F
G

75 , 12
10 0173 , 0 07 , 0 360
0139 , 0 4 , 0
4 , 0
Re
3

y t
y
y
F
G

61 , 803
10 . 61135 , 9 2 , 994
10 . 7679 , 0
Pr
10
3
x x
x
x
D
851 , 4
10 . 339 , 3 068 , 1
10 0173 , 0
Pr
6
3
y y
y
y
D
III.5. H s thm t
-U
tt
=
t
x
F
V
l mt ti thc t , (m
3
/m
2
.h) .
Trong : V
x
= V
xtb
= 3,0175 (m
3
/h) .
F
t
= 0,04 (m
2
) .

Suy ra :

4375 , 75
04 , 0
0175 , 3

tt
U
(m
3
/m
2
h) .
-Mt ti thch hp U
th
:
U
th
= B.
d
, (m
3
/m
2
h) .
B = 0,158 (m
3
/m.h)
d
= 360 m
2
/m
3
Suy ra : U
th
= 0.158 x 360 = 56,88 (m
3
/m
2
h) .
Vy :
3261 , 1
88 , 56
43 , 75

th
tt
U
U

Khi mt ti ln > 5m
3
/m
2
.h, ta chn = 1 dung mi thm t u ln
m.
14
III.6. Chiu cao thp mm chp
H
d
= m
y
.h
y
Chiu cao mt n v thp
h
Y
= h
G L
h
l
m
+
m = 0,5467
Vi :
404 , 0
tr
tr
G
L
G
L
l
Suy ra :
2 , 1 8009 , 0
404 , 0
5467 , 0
1161 , 0 +
Y
h
(m) (1)
Xc nh m
y
:
y
d
= y
d
m.x
c
= 0,26 0,5467 x 0,4350.10
-3
= 0,26
y
c
= y
c
y
c
*
= 0,0436 0,000237 = 0,043353
Da vo phng trnh y=mx=
y
c
*
= =0,000237
X
c
= 0,00534
Lp t s: y
d
/y
c
= 5,997 > 2
y
tb
=
c
d
c d
y
y
y y

ln
= 0,1209
m
y
= (y
d
y
c
)/ y
tb
= (0,26 0,0436)/0,1209 = 1,789 (2)
T (1) v (2), ta c
H
d
= m
y
.h
y
= 2,147 m
15
III.7. Tr lc thp
III.7.1. Tr lc a kh
(cng thc tra s tay truyn nhit tp 2 trang 192)
Trong :
: h s tr lc
= 4,5 5
ytb
= 1,068 khi lng ring pha kh(kg/m
3
)
12272 , 0
0

tb
: tc i qua rnh chp (m/s)
k
P
=
036 , 0
2
12272 , 0 068 , 1
5 , 4
2
3.7.2. Tr lc ca a do sc cng b mt s
p
(cng thc tra s tay truyn nhit tp 2 trang 192)
d
td
= ng knh tng ng ca khe rnh chp m
: sc cng b mt
= 360 m
2
/m
3
Chn m vng Raschig bng s, kch thc 12 x 12 x 1,8mm
B H f
12 x 1,8 = 21,6 (rnh hnh ch nht)
Khi rnh chp m hon ton
50 , 27
6 , 21 4 4
f
d
td
s
p
= (4 x 360)/27,5 = 52,36
Tng tr lc
P = s
p
+ k
P
= 52,36 + 0,036= (N/m
2
).
16
TI LIU THAM KHO
1. Khoa my v thit b ha hc , gio trnh Qu trnh & Thit b truyn khi, H
CNG NGHIP TP.HCM 2011 .
2. Cc tc gi , S tay Qu trnh & Thit b tp 1 , NXB KHKT H Ni 1999
3. Cc tc gi , S tay Qu trnh & Thit b tp 2 , NXB KHKT H Ni 1999
17

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Bai Bao Cao Truyen Khoi Word 2003

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Bi bo co: Dng thp mm chp hp thu NH3 GVHD: Nguyn HuTrung

CHNG I. GII THIU TNG QUAN

l khi lng ring ca nc 35

: khi lng ring trung bnh ca NH

: khi lng ring

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