Hacao bc1

TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE
Li cm n
Thi gian va qua c s ng ca Cng ty C Phn Ch Bin HXK Cu Tre v s chp nhn ca Trng i hc Cng Nghip Thnh Ph H Ch Minh. Nhm chng em c tip nhn vo thc tp ti xng thc phm ni tiu ti Cng ty. c s hng dn nhit tnh t pha cng ty v ca nh trng, chng em c dp s dng nhng kin thc ca mnh vo thc t, c hiu bit thm v tch lu c nhiu kinh nghm. y l hnh trang b ch chng em bc vo tng li. Chng em xin chn thnh cm n Ban Gim Hiu nh trng, qu thy c vin Sinh Hc v Cng Ngh Thc Phm dy d chng em trong sut qu trnh hc tp, hng dn nhit tnh, chu o v vn thc tp. Chng em gi li cm n su sc n thy Dng Vn Trng, ngi quan tm v theo sut chng em trong sut qu trnh thc tp. Chng em xin t lng bit n chn thnh n Ban Gim c Cng ty C Phn Ch Bin HXK Cu Tre,cng ton th cn b, cng nhn vin cc phng, ban, cc b phn sn xut to iu kin thun li chng em c nhng bui thc tp th v v b ch ti Cng ty. ng thi cung cp nhng thng tin chng em c th hon thnh tt bi bo co ny. Cui cng chng em knh chc qu Cng ty lun t nhng thng li ln trong sn xut v thnh cng trong kinh doanh. Knh chc Ban Gim Hiu nh trng cng ton th qu thy c ca Trng i hc Cng Nghip TP. H Ch Minh di do sc kho, thnh cng v t kt qu cao trong cng tc o to ca mnh. TP. HCM, ngy 26 thng 11 nm 2011 Nhm sinh vin thc tp
Trang 1
Li m u
Cuc sng hin i ngy cng p ng tt hn cc nhu cu ca con ngi. Bn cnh nhu cu c n no, mc p, cuc sng thoi mi, tin nghi th con ngi cn c nhu cu c n ngon, n y cht dinh dng c sc kho tt. T , con ngi c th lm vic tt hn, hiu qu hn.V th, cng ngh ch bin thc phm ngy cng pht trin mnh m, gp phn p ng nhu cu v n ung cho mi ngi. Thc phm ngy nay khng ch i hi v mt cung cp nng lng m cn phi tit kim thi gian ch bin, an ton v sinh v p ng yu cu v cht lng. H co mt trong cc sn phm ch bin t tht v cc nguyn liu ph. Thnh phn dinh dng h co c cha mt lng ln cc protein, cht bo, cht khong, vitamin. H co c th sn xut th cng (theo qui m gia nh), hoc theo qui m cng nghip. Hin nay trn th trng c rt nhiu loi h co khc nhau nh: H co nhn tht, h co nhn tm, h co c bit, h co chay H co l sn phm thc phm khng th thiu trong cuc sng hng ngy i vi ngi dn Vit Nam c bit l trong cc l hi, ngy TtDo tm hiu v quy trnh cng ngh sn xut h co l mt vn ng c quan tm. Trong khun kh bi bo co ny, nhm chng em xin gii thiu qui trnh cng ngh sn xut h co nhn tht v nhn tm.
Nhm sinh vin thc tp
Trang 2
NHN XT CA N V THC TP
.................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. TP.HCM. Ngy 26 thng 11 nm 2011 P.QLCL & CNCB Xng TPNT Tng Gim c
Trang 3
Mc lc :
Li cm n................................................................................................1 Li m u................................................................................................2 CHNG 1: TNG QUAN V CNG TY C PHN CH BIN HNG XUT KHU CU TRE.............................................................................................6 1.1. S LC V CNG TY......................................................................7 1.2. LCH S THNH LP V PHT TRIN.................................................8 1.2.1 Cng ty Direximco, tin thn ca X Nghip Cu Tre..............................................8 1.2.2 Chuyn th t Direximco sang X nghip Cu Tre ..................................................8 1.2.3. X nghip tr thnh thnh vin ca SATRA............................................................9 1.2.4. X nghip tin hnh C phn ha.............................................................................9 1.2.5. Cc giai on pht trin ca Cng ty.......................................................................9 1.3. A IM XY DNG V MT BNG................................................10 ...............................................................................................................12 ...............................................................................................................12 ...............................................................................................................12 1.4. C CU T CHC ..........................................................................13 1.4.1. S t chc b my sn xut kinh doanh ca Cng ty .......................................13 VII.VIII.1. 1.4.2. B tr nhn s........................................................................................15 1.5. CHC NNG, NHIM V V LNH VC HOT NG CA CNG TY. 18 1.6. XU HNG PHT TRIN SN XUT V KINH DOANH CA CNG TY ...................................................................................................................19 1.7. CC SN PHM CA CNG TY.........................................................19 1.8. V SINH CNG NGHIP V AN TON LAO NG.............................24 CHNG 2 :TNG QUAN V NGUYN LIU SN XUT H CO..............30 2.1.2. Tm........................................................................................................................36 2.1.3. Bt lm v bnh.....................................................................................................39 2.2. NGUYN LIU PH...........................................................................40 2.2.1 C u (c sn)........................................................................................................40 2.2.2. C rt......................................................................................................................42 2.2.3. Cy gia v ...............................................................................................................43 2.3. GIA V..............................................................................................46 2.3.1. Mui ......................................................................................................................46 2.3.2. ng.....................................................................................................................47 2.3.3. Bt ngt..................................................................................................................47 2.4. NGUN THU MUA, VN CHUYN V BO QUN..............................48 2.4.1. Tht.........................................................................................................................48 2.4.2. Tm........................................................................................................................49 2.4.3. Cc nguyn liu khc.............................................................................................49 CHNG 3: QUY TRNH SN XUT H CO...........................................51 3.1. GII THIU V SN PHM H CO..................................................52 3.1.1. ngha tn gi v xut x ....................................................................................52 3.1.2. c tnh..................................................................................................................52 3.1.3. Mc ch s dng...................................................................................................53 3.1.4. Hnh thc................................................................................................................53 3.1.5. iu kin bo qun v thi hn s dng................................................................53 3.1.6. Vn chuyn v phn phi......................................................................................53 3.1.7. Sn phm h co ....................................................................................................53 3.2. QUY TRNH CH BIN H CO.........................................................54 3.2.1. Quy trnh x l cc loi nguyn liu......................................................................54
Trang 4

3.2.2. Quy trnh cng ngh sn xut h co.....................................................................60 3.2.3. Kim tra thnh phm v bn thnh phm...............................................................64 CHNG 4 : GII THIU MY MC........................................................66 1. My xay trc vt..................................................................................67 2.Thit b ly tm ....................................................................................69 3.Thit b cp ng ...............................................................................70 4.Thit b r kim loi.............................................................................72 5.Thit b hp.........................................................................................73 CHNG 5: H THNG QUN L CHT LNG V X L MI TRNG ...................................................................................................................74 1.1 H THNG X L NC NGM .......................................................75 1.3 QUY TRNH X L NC THI.........................................................78 ..............................................................................................................80 1.4 CC QUY PHM V V SINH CHUN (SSOP) CA CNG TY..............80 KT LUN..............................................................................................100 TI LIU THAM KHO............................................................................101
Trang 5
CHNG 1: TNG QUAN V CNG TY C PHN CH BIN HNG XUT KHU CU TRE
Trang 6
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE 1.1. S LC V CNG TY Tn Cng ty : Cng ty C phn Ch Bin Hng Xut Khu Cu Tre STOCK COMPANY Tn vit tt a ch in thoi Telex FAX Email Website : C. T. E. J. S. CO. : 125/208 Lng Th Vinh, Phng Tn Thi Ho Qun Tn Ph, TP.H Ch Minh : (84.8) 9612543 - 9612547 : 813611 CAUTRE VT : (84.8) 9612057 : Cautreent-hcmc@hcm.vnn.vn : http://www.cautre.com.vn Tn giao dch quc t: CAUTRE EXPORT GOODS PROCESSING JOINT
C. T. E. J. S. CO l mt Cng ty chuyn ch bin Thy Hi sn, Thc phm Ch Bin, Tr v cc loi Nng sn khc. C. T. E. J. S. CO c xy dng vo nm 1982 trn din tch 80.000m2 gip vi 3 qun: qun 6, qun 11 v qun Tn Ph. y l ni c nhiu trc ng giao thng ln thun tin cho vic vn chuyn hng ha. Trong Cng ty c 30.000m2 l cc xng sn xut vi nhiu trang thit b hin i do Nht v cc nc Ty u ch to, cc kho tr lnh, kho hng v phng tin khc. Tng s Cn b Cng nhn vin l 2.500 ngi. Doanh thu nm 2006 l: 364 t, li nhun t 10 t ng/nm. Tc tng trng bnh qun trong 3 nm tr li y: 20% / nm. Cng ty xy dng v p dng thnh cng H thng Qun l cht lng v an ton thc phm theo tiu chun ISO, HACCP v c t chc TUV cp giy t tiu chun ISO 9001:2008. Cng ty cng l mt trong nhng n v ch bin hi sn u tin c cp giy php (CODE) xut khu sn phm vo th trng EU. Hin nay, Cng ty c nhiu d n hp tc v pht trin i vi cc i tc nc ngoi nh: Kawasho, Gop (Nht Bn), Mitsui & Co.Ltd (Nht Bn), Pisciculture Magnenat (Thy S),... tinh ch cc sn phm xut khu.
Trang 7
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE 1.2. LCH S THNH LP V PHT TRIN Cng ty trc y l X nghip Ch Bin Hng Xut Khu Cu Tre c chuyn th t Cng ty Xut Nhp Khu Trc dng Cng Nghip (Direximco) theo quyt nh s 73/Q-UB ngy 01-06-1983 ca y Ban Nhn Dn Thnh ph H Ch Minh. Cn c vo ngh nh s 388/HBT ngy 20/11/1996, X nghip c thnh lp Doanh nghip Nh Nc theo quyt nh s 16/Q-UB ngy 15/01/1993 ca y Ban Nhn Dn Thnh ph H Ch Minh. T nm 1995, X nghip l thnh vin ca Tng Cng ty Thng Mi Si Gn (SATRA). 1.2.1 Cng ty Direximco, tin thn ca X Nghip Cu Tre Sau khi c Ngh Quyt 06 ca Trung ng v Ngh Quyt 26 ca B Chnh Tr, trc i hi bc xc ca tnh hnh chung, cui thng 4/1980, Thnh y v y Ban Nhn Dn Thnh ph ch trng thnh lp Ban xut nhp khu thuc Lin Hip X Tiu Th Cng Nghip Thnh ph. Qua mt nm lm th nghim vi mt s thng v xut nhp khu theo cung cch mi chng t c tc dng tch cc v em li hiu qu kinh doanh tt, Thnh ph ra quyt nh s 104/Q-UB ngy 30-5-1981 cho php thnh lp Cng ty Si Gn DIREXIMCO. Thng 3-1982, Direximco khi cng xy dng nh my Ch Bin Thy Hi sn v V lp ti a im 125/208 Hng l 14, phng 20, qun Tn Bnh, TP.H Ch Minh. Ngy 5-6-1982 nh my bt u i vo hot ng. 1.2.2 Chuyn th t Direximco sang X nghip Cu Tre Sau khi c Ngh Quyt 01/NQ-TW ngy 14-09-1982 ca B Chnh Tr, cn c vo Ngh Quyt Hi ngh Ban thng v Thnh y Ban v cng tc xut nhp khu, y Ban Nhn Dn Thnh ph ra Quyt nh s 73/Q-UB ngy 01-06-1983 chuyn Cng ty Xut Nhp Khu Trc Dng Cng Nghip Saigon Direximco thnh X nghip Quc Doanh Ch Bin Hng Xut Khu Cu Tre (X nghip Cu Tre). X nghip l mt n v sn xut ch bin cung ng xut khu trc thuc S Ngoi Thng Thnh ph. Mt hng ca X nghip gm mt s loi: Hi sn kh,
Trang 8
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE ng lnh v mt s hng khc c quy nh c th trong k hoch hng nm ca X nghip. Sau nhiu t t chc li ngnh Ngoi thng Thnh ph, X nghip ln lt trc thuc Tng Cng ty Xut Nhp Khu Thnh ph (IMEXCO), y Ban Kinh t i ngoi, S Kinh t i ngoi, S Thng Mi v nay thuc Tng Cng ty Thng Mi Si Gn. 1.2.3. X nghip tr thnh thnh vin ca SATRA Ngy 15 thng 01 nm 1993 X nghip Quc Doanh Ch Bin Hng Xut Khu c chuyn thnh doanh nghip Nh Nc trc thuc y Ban Nhn Dn Thnh ph H Ch Minh vi tn gi l X nghip Ch Bin Hng Xut Khu Cu Tre theo Quyt nh s 16/Q- UB. Theo phn cp ca y Ban Nhn Dn Thnh ph H Ch Minh t nm 1995, X nghip l thnh vin ca Tng Cng ty Thng Mi Si Gn (SATRA). 1.2.4. X nghip tin hnh C phn ha Ngy 14/04/2006, y Ban Nhn Dn Thnh ph H Ch Minh ra Quyt nh s 1817/Q- UBND ca UBND TP.HCM v vic Ph duyt phng n v chuyn X nghip Ch Bin Hng Xut Khu Cu Tre thnh Cng ty C phn Ch Bin Hng Xut Khu Cu Tre. Ngy 21/12/2006 S K Hoch v u T Thnh ph H Ch Minh cp Giy Chng Nhn ng k kinh doanh s 4103005762 cho Cng ty C Phn Ch Bin Hng Xut Khu Cu Tre. T ngy 01/01/2007, Cu Tre chnh thc hot ng theo m hnh Cng ty C phn. 1.2.5. Cc giai on pht trin ca Cng ty - 1983-1989: Giai on xut khu kt hp kinh doanh, xut nhp khu l mt vng khp kn. Nt ni bt ca giai on ny l kt hp sn xut hng xut khu vi kinh doanh hng nhp khu di hnh thc ch yu dng hng nhp i lu huy ng hng xut, ng thi dng li v chnh lch gi trong kinh doanh hng nhp h tr lm hng xut khu.
- 1998- 1999: Tp trung vo tinh ch hng xut khu, khng huy ng hng
xut th. Nhanh chng gim v chm dt nhp hng kinh doanh. Trang 9

- 2000- 2005: Giai an tp trung vo xut khu v tm kim th trng ni
a, ng thi a mc tiu cnh tranh chim lnh th trng hng u.

- 14/04/2006 n 10/11/2006: X nghip tin hnh C Phn Ha. Mc ch
ca c phn ha nhm nng cao hiu qu kinh t, kh nng cnh tranh ca doanh nghip, pht huy ni lc sng to ca Cn b Cng nhn vin, huy ng thm ngun vn t bn ngoi pht trin doanh nghip. ng thi pht huy vai tr lm ch thc s ca ngi Lao ng v cc C ng.
- T Thng 1/2007: Cng ty i vo C Phn Ha, thnh lp Cng ty C Phn
Ch Bin Hng Xut Khu Cu Tre, hot ng theo Lut Doanh Nghip C Phn. 1.3. A IM XY DNG V MT BNG Cng ty ta lc trn vng t rng gn 80.000m2, gip vi ba qun: qun 6, qun 11, qun Tn Ph ca Thnh ph H Ch Minh. y l mt ni c nhiu trc ng giao thng ln, tin li cho vic vn chuyn hng ho.
Trang 10
Hnh 1.1: S mt bng Cng ty

Trang 11
Hnh 1.2: Khu vc ch bin thy, hi sn
Hnh 1.3: Khu vc ch bin tr
Hnh 1.4: Khu vc hp tc
Trang 12
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE 1.4. C CU T CHC i vi mt Cng ty th cng tc t chc qun l, t chc sn xut ht sc quan trng. N khng nhng nh hng n qu trnh sn xut kinh doanh m cn nh hng n s pht trin v tn ti ca Cng ty. T nhng yu t trn Cng ty Cu Tre phn cng b tr b my qun l, cng tc t chc sn xut ca mnh rt hp l v linh ng. 1.4.1. S t chc b my sn xut kinh doanh ca Cng ty
Trang 13

i hi ng c ng Ban kim sot Hi ng qun tr
Hi ng thi ua khen thng
Ban Tng Gim c

BC PCCC - PCLB BC TH D.A U T BCBHL-TL-TC H THANH L TI SN BC ATVSTP T PHP CH BG DN QUN TV T KIM TRA NI B i HACCP Ban ISO
T Tr L
PHN PHN PHN G KINH DOANH NI A PHN G TI CHNH K TON G T CHC HNH CHNH PHN G K THUT C IN PHN G K G QLCL HOCH & CNCB U T PHNG CUNG NG PHN
XN G HI SN
XN G THC PHM CH BIN
XN G THC PHM NI TIU
XN G PHC V CP NG
XN G CHM
XN G S CH NNG SN
XN G TR
XN G 7 (DA V BNH TRNG)
CHI NHNH NNG TRNG BO LM
XN G C IN
Trang 14
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE VII.VIII.1. 1.4.2. B tr nhn s Cng ty c b my qun l theo m hnh trc tuyn chc nng, Tng Gim c l ngi i din theo php lut ca Cng ty, tham mu v gip vic cho Tng Gim c l cc Ph Tng Gim c. Nguyn tc qun l l: Ban Tng Gim c trc tip ch o Trng phng, Trng xng. Cc Trng phng (Trng xng) ch o trc tip vi cc Ph phng (Ph xng) ph trch cc cng vic chuyn mn. Cc Ph phng (Ph xng) ch o nhn vin thc hin. Ban Tng Gim c khng ch o trc tip nhn vin. Trng hp cn trc tip lm vic vi thnh vin th cc thnh vin phi bo co cho Trng phng (Trng xng) sau . a) Tng Gim c Do Hi ng Qun Tr xem xt b nhim, l ngi ch huy cao nht, c quyn quyt nh v iu hnh mi chin lc ca Cng ty theo ng chnh sch, Php lut ca Nh nc v mi hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca Cng ty. Cn c vo nhim v, kh nng ca Cng ty v yu cu ca khch hng, Tng Gim c chu trch nhim xy dng k hoch sn xut, kinh doanh v k hp ng vi khch hng. Tng Gim c trc tip ch o cc Phng Ban, Xng hot ng theo ng k hoch nh. ng thi, Tng Gim c quyt nh b nhim cc chc v cc cp Trng Ph phng Ban n v thuc Cng ty v tuyn dng cc cng nhn vin. b) Ph Tng Gim c ti chnh L ngi gip vic cho Tng Gim c trong cng tc qun l v tham mu cho Tng Gim c trong cc chin lc kinh doanh. Ph Tng Gim c thc hin cc nhim v do Tng Gim c phn cng, gii quyt cc cng vic trong phm vi c y quyn. c) Ph Tng Gim c ph trch sn xut L ngi gip vic cho Tng Gim c trong cng tc qun l v tham mu cho Tng Gim c trong iu hnh qun l sn xut. Ph Tng Gim c thc hin cc nhim v do Tng Gim c phn cng, gii quyt cc cng vic trong phm vi c y quyn.
Trang 15
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE d) Phng T Chc- Hnh Chnh Tham mu cho BTG v cc vn : T chc nhn s, qun l lao ng tin lng. Thay mt BTG gii quyt cc khiu ni v lao ng. Cc cng tc vn th hnh chnh lu tr. Qun l phng tin vn chuyn, v sinh cy xanh, mi trng. Bo v Cng ty... - Tham mu v thc hin cng tc kinh doanh xut nhp khu ca ton Cng ty. Thc hin k kt hp ng v theo di n hng. Chu trch nhim mua bn nguyn ph liu, bao b, vt t thit b
e) Phng Xut- Nhp Khu
v sa cha bo tr. f) Phng Kinh Doanh Ni a - Tham mu v thc hin cng tc kinh doanh ti th trng ni a. - Thc hin k kt hp ng v theo di n hng ni a. g) Phng K Hoch- u T - Tham mu v thc hin cng tc u t. - Qun l kin trc nh xng, phng ban, sn bi. h) Phng Ti chnh - K ton Theo di v phn nh tnh hnh thc hin cc ch tiu k hoch theo kinh t ti chnh, d on chi ph trong qu trnh sn xut, kinh doanh ca Cng ty. i) Phng Qun l cht lng v cng ngh ch bin Qun l v kim sat, gim st hot ng H thng qun l cht lng ca cc xng ch bin. Nghin cu sn phm mi, cng ngh ch bin mi. Thit lp v theo di cc quy trnh ch bin. j) Phng K thut- C in Tham mu cho BTG v khoa hc k thut; cng ngh, thit b my mc; h thng thng tin in t; qun l mng.
Trang 16
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE - T vn cho cc Xng v ci tin k thut nhm nng cao nng sut lao ng. - ng dng cng ngh thng tin v tin hc vo qun l sn xut kinh doanh, cc bin php v s hu cng nghip. - Theo di, kim tra tnh hiu lc ca cc thit b o lng. - Qun l mi hot ng ca ton b thit b my mc trong ton Cng ty. - Qun l cc ngun nng lng ca Cng ty. - Qun l v theo di h thng cung cp in nc ton Cng ty. k) Phng Cung ng L b phn tham mu v gip vic cho BTG trong lnh vc qun l, t chc thc hin cc hot ng: o Cung ng nguyn, nhin liu o Vt t bao b. o Trang phc- cng c bo h lao ng. o Thit b cng c sn xut. o Vn phng phm. o Thuc v dng c y t cho trm y t ca Cng ty. o Thit k mu m bao b. o Cc hnh thc qung co- hi ch phc v yu cu sn xut kinh doanh ca Cng ty.
l) Cc Xng sn xut: gm Xng nh sau: -
Chc nng: Xng Hi Sn: ch bin nhm sn phm gm: C, Gh, Xng Cp ng: cp ng cc sn phm ng lnh. Xng Thc phm Ni tiu: ch bin nhm thc phm Xng Thc phm Ch Bin xut khu: ch bin nhm Bch tuc v Nghu.
-
phc v cho th trng ni a.

-
thc phm xut khu.
Trang 17

-
Xng CHM (hp tc vi Cng ty Mitsui v Co- Nht
Bn): ch bin nhm sn phm gia cng cho Cng ty Mitsui v Co ti xut khu vo th trng Nht Bn.
-
Xng S ch Nng sn: s ch nguyn liu nng sn. Xng Tr: ch bin cc loi tr. Xng c in: sa cha in, nc, my mc, trang Chi nhnh Nng trng Bo Lm (Lm ng): trng tr
thit b vn hnh in- in lnh trong Cng ty.

-
v ch bin Tr. 1.5. CHC NNG, NHIM V V LNH VC HOT NG CA CNG TY Chc nng Sn xut kinh doanh trong nc v xut khu trc tip cc mt hng ch bin sn nh: Thy Hi sn, Thc phm ch bin, Tr v cc loi Nng sn khc ra th trng nc ngoi. Nhim v v lnh vc hot ng ca Cng ty Cng ty c thnh lp v hot ng trong cc ngnh, ngh ph hp vi Giy chng nhn ng k kinh doanh v cc quy nh ca php lut nhm mc ch ti a ha li nhun, pht trin hot ng kinh doanh, em li li ch cho cc C ng, ng gp cho ngn sch nh nc thng qua cc loi thu t cc hot ng kinh doanh, ng thi em li vic lm, to thu nhp cho ngi lao ng. - Phm vi hot ng: Cng ty hot ng kinh doanh trn tan lnh th Vit Nam v nc ngoi ni c nhu cu hot ng ph hp vi iu l v cc quy nh c lin quan ca php lut. - Ngnh ngh kinh doanh ca Cng ty: trng v ch bin ch (tr); sn xut, ch bin, bo qun tht v cc sn phm t tht; ch bin bo qun thy sn v cc sn phm t thy sn;
Trang 18
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE 1.6. XU HNG PHT TRIN SN XUT V KINH DOANH CA CNG TY Tip tc y mnh tinh ch xut khu, pht huy tt nht cc tim nng v th mnh ca Cng ty cho ph hp vi cc iu kin thc t hin nay. Kin ton c s vt cht k thut m bo p ng nhu cu sn xut trong k hoch ngn hn v di hn. Phi ht sc coi trng cht lng ca sn phm. Ch tng cng u t thit b mi, ci to, nng cp, sa cha cc thit b c nhm m bo gii quyt c lng nguyn liu t khi ma v n, nng cao cht lng ca sn phm. Thng xuyn ci tin, i mi quy trnh cng ngh. Tng cng cn b k thut KCS, cn b kim nghim c trnh chuyn mn gii, trang b y cc phng tin vt cht, m bo thc hin tt cc tiu chun HACCP, ISO 9001. o to, bi dng, hun luyn, nng cao trnh cho cn b cng nhn vin tip cn c hiu qu tt cc tin b khoa hc k thut theo hng pht trin ca Cng ty. Pht trin th trng theo hng a dng ho, a phng ho mi tiu th. Ngoi vic cng c cc th trng sn c m rng mi quan h th trng vi Bc M, Trung ng, khi phc th trng Nga, ti b tr c cu th trng nhm hn ch ri ro khi c bin ng. y mnh cng tc tip th, cng c v m rng mng li tiu th sn phm trong nc cung cp cho siu th, cc i l u mi... 1.7. CC SN PHM CA CNG TY Hin nay, Cng ty Cu Tre sn xut ra nhiu mt hng. Trong c 3 nhm mt hng chnh nh sau:
-
Thy, hi sn: Bch tuc, C, Gh, Nghu. o Bch tuc : Bch tuc ct khc, ru Bch tuc ct luc.
o Nghu: cc sn phm Nghu mt mnh sng, mt mnh chn, Nghu
bp, Nghu tht luc, Nghu tht sng.

o Gh: cc sn phm nh Gh Farci, Gh v, Gh luc nguyn con, Gh
tht.
o C: cc loi C phi-l, c phi-l ln bnh m,...
Trang 19
Hnh 1.5 : Mt s sn phm Nghu ca Cng ty
Hnh 1.6 : Mt s sn phm Gh ca Cng ty
Trang 20
Hnh 1.7 : Mt s sn phm C ca Cng ty
Hnh 1.8 : Mt s sn phm Bch tuc ca Cng ty

-
Thc phm ch bin : H Co, Cho Tm, Cng Cua Bch Hoa, Tm ln bt,
Ch Gi Tm, Bp ci cun nhn Tm, Ch la, Tm vin, Ch Gi Tht, Xu mi, B vin, Mc chin,...
a) Ch la Gi th
b) Lp xng
Trang 21
c) Ch gi r d) H co Xu mi Hnh 1.9 : Mt s sn phm Thc phm ch bin
Trang 22

-
Sn phm nng sn : Tr cc loi, cc loi Rau C ng l Cc sn phm trn c sn xut theo n t hng ca khch hng. V vy c
rt nhiu Quy trnh sn xut khc nhau. Nhng mt hng ca Cng ty ngy cng a dng v phong ph vi bao b p, hp dn, cht lng tt, gi c hp l c bit l tuyt i m bo an ton v sinh thc phm, ph hp cho nhiu i tng khch hng khc nhau. Cng ty nhiu nm lin c bu chn Danh hiu : Hng Vit Nam cht lng cao.
a) Tr Li
b) Tr long
c) Tr Kh qua Hnh 1.10 : Mt s sn phm Tr
Trang 23

Th trng tiu th: -
Trong nc: Cng ty c i l, ca hng gii thiu sn phm ti hn 30 Tnh,
Thnh ph c nc v c sn phm ti hu ht cc Siu th, Ch thuc Thnh ph H Ch Minh.

-
Xut khu: i Loan, Hng Kng, Nht, M, Php, Anh, , H Lan, c, Ty
Ban Nha, Philippine, Trung Quc, Singapore,.
1.8. V SINH CNG NGHIP V AN TON LAO NG a) V sinh c nhn khe. Cng nhn c pht y bo h lao ng sch s. Tt c Cn b, Cng nhn vin khi vo phn xng phi c m bao tc, khu trang, gng tay, ng cao su, bo h.Ym v gng tay s dng phi c st trng thng xuyn.
-
Cng nhn phi khm sc khe inh k 6 thng/ln kim tra tnh trng sc
Trc khi vo Khu vc ch bin trong Phn Xng, Cng nhn phi ra tay v
ng bng dung dch x phng, dng khn lau kh, dng cy ln loi tc, bi trn bo h lao ng, xt cn 700 st trng, ng bc qua dung dch chlorine st trng. Khi lm vic trong phn xng Cng nhn khng c eo n trang, ng h, khng sn, khng mng tay di, khng c ht thuc, tr chuyn, a gin, n qu, tuyt i khng khc nh.
-
Cng nhn khu thnh phm phi sch s. Cch 30 pht phi xt cn 70 0 st b) V sinh dng c sn xut
Trc gi sn xut tan b dng c trong khu vc sn xut phi c ch
khun, kim tra li khng l tc ra ngoi, dng dng c ln loi bi v tc.
ra qua cc bc sau: -
Ra x phng. Sau ra li bng nc thng. Ngm chlorine 40 60 ppm trong thi gian 5 pht, ra li bng nc thng.
V sinh dng c gia gi sn xut:
o i vi dng c tip xc vi du m:
Trang 24
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE -
Tan b dng c c trng cn ln. Sau dng bn chi ch sch cn bm Ra x phng. Ra li bng nc thng. Ngm bng nc chlorine 40 60 ppm trong thi gian 5 pht. Ra li bng nc thng. Ton b dng c c trng cn ln. Sau c bn chi ch sch cn bm Ra bng nc thng. Ngm chlorine 40 60 ppm trong thi gian 5 pht. Ra li bng nc thng.
cng v cn nh.
o i vi dng c khng tip xc vi du m:
cng v cn nh.
Kt thc sn xut : tan b dng c khu vc sn xut phi c ch ra qua
cc bc sau: -
Ton b dng c c trng cn ln. Sau dng bn chi ch sch cn bm Ra x phng. Ra li bng nc thng. Ngm chlorine 40 60 ppm trong thi gian 5 pht. Ngm qua m trong dung dch chlorine 50 ppm. c) V sinh trang thit b my chuyn dng V sinh dng c trc gi sn xut
cng v cn nh.
Ra x phng. Ra li bng nc thng. Ngm bng chlorine 40 60 ppm trong thi gian 5 pht. Cui cng trng trong nc si trong 3 5 pht trc khi sn xut.
Kt thc sn xut : tan b my chuyn dng (my xay, my ct, my
trn) c v sinh nh sau: Tho cc ph tng thuc phn lp rp tip xc vi bn thnh phm (thuc phn cho php). Trang 25
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Tan b ph kin c cn ln. Sau dng bn chi ch sch cn bm cng. Ra x phng. Ra li bng nc thng. Ngm trong chlorine 40 60 ppm trong thi gian 5 pht. ro lau kh bng
V sinh nh k trong qu trnh sn xut (my xay, my ct, my trn):
khn kh sch. Tan b ph kin c trng cn ln. Sau dng bn chi ch sch. Ra li bng nc thng. Ngm chlorine 40 60 ppm trong thi gian 5 pht. Trng li bng nc thng. d) V sinh thnh phm Khng nguyn liu, bn thnh phm, nc , vt t trc tip trn sn nh. Nguyn liu c cha trong st nha, bn thnh phm cha trong thau nha t trn k cao khi sn 0.5m trnh nc bn vng vo. Dng c ng ph liu khng c dng ng nguyn liu, cng khng c dng ng bn thnh phm. Dng c ch bin hng sng v hng chn phi ring bit. Cc loi dng c ch bin hng sng, hng chn, ng ph liu, thau, r phi c phn bit bng mu sc khc nhau trnh dng chung. Dao ko, dng c ch bin phi c st trng, ra sch hng ngy. nh. ln). Khng dng bao gi khng t v sinh bao thnh phm. Khng dm chn ln Khng nguyn liu hoc thnh phm khc vo trong kho cha thnh phm cc thng sn phm. ng lnh. Trang 26 Thnh phm ng lnh ra khun bao gi phi c xp ln bn cao ro (1m tr Hng sng v hng chn phi ring bit. Bn thnh phm trn dy chuyn ch bin lun c p trong nc . Khng c s dng mui nguyn liu mui thnh phm. Cc xe y vn chuyn khun thnh phm i cp ng phi c ra sch bng
chlorine 100 ppm trc khi cht ln khun. Khi dng xong xt nc ra v ni qui
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE e) V sinh phn xng Thng xuyn kim tra bo dng nh xng. Bo dng tt gim c ngun nhim vi sinh vt. Cc b mt kim loi c xem xt co sch g st v sn li. Gch lt c gi sch s nu b thay mi ngay. Cc vt nt trn sn, tng u c trt kn bng xi mng. Thng xuyn qut sch nc trn sn, hnh lang, li i. Tun th ch v sinh nh k 30 60 pht. nh k thay nc h nhng ng 3 4 gi/ ln. Sn nh Xng, bn dng c ch bin c v sinh thng xuyn sau mi bui
lm vic. Tt c cc dng c u c kh trng bng chlorine 100 ppm sau ra bng nc sch ni kh ro thong mt. Ton b my chuyn dng mi ngy kim tra bo tr mt ln, sau mi t hng Cc ca ca phn xng phi thng xuyn c lau chi sch bi bm trnh Cng, rnh that nc hng ngy phi c khai thng, qut rc bn vng vu Lch lm v sinh phn xng: v sinh mt ln. bi thi vo phn xng, ng thi c mn chn trnh cn trng xm nhp. gc kt Thng xuyn theo nh k mi 1 gi trong ca lm vic. Cui mi ca, khu vc sn xut v dng c u phi c ra sch bng x Cui mi ca lm vic, phn xng c ty ra bng dung dch chlorine v xt C 15 ngy cho tng v sinh ton phn xng c ty ra mt bng sn xut f) V sinh kho lnh
Kho lnh c lp k hoch tu sa nh k, thanh trng sau khi kho c xut ht.
phng v thuc st trng chlorine. nc ra sch. v dn sch cng rnh.
Sn kho lnh thng c hin tng ng bng km cht bn v d gy trt Bng n trong kho lnh c bc li bo v phng bng v, mnh thy tinh
ng, c co sch bng phng mi tun mt ln. ri vo thnh phm. Trang 27
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE C mi ba thng v sinh bn trong kho lnh, trc khi v sinh hng tn kho o Cc palet c mang ra ngai kho ch ra bng x phng sau lm sch li bng nc hm lng chlorine 150 200 ppm, sau em phi kh. o Ch ra kho lnh (trn, vch, nn, ch cc khe, gc) bng x phng, dng vi xt tht mnh cho tri ht cc vt bn sau di nc chlorine 150 200 ppm ngm chng 30 pht, qut ro nc. o M qut gi t 3- 5 gi cho tht kh bn trong. o Ly palet sch em vo lt nn, vch kho.
o Chy my ly nhit mng cho kh, khi nhit trong kho t 200C th
c chuyn sang kho khc, tin hnh ty ra kho nh sau:
chuyn sn phm vo kho. g) V sinh xung quanh Cng ty Nh Xng sn xut c xy dng bit lp, xa khu vc cha rc v kho tr Mt t xung quanh Xng c lt gch hoc tri xi mng d qut ra trnh Xung quanh Xng c gi sch s, khng t tp ph liu, mi Xng u c Rnh that nc trong Xng c bng li chn l that ra ngoi. Nh v sinh c ca kn o khng cho sc dch, rui nhng xm nhp. h) nh sng v ting n nh sng trong Phn xng c b tr y ti nhng cng on la hng, kim tp cht. C b tr dn n di ng tng cng nh sng. Nu bng n h phi thay ngay. Cc thit b my mc n o c tp trung ti phng my, cn nhng my mc t trong Phn xng th t nhng ni c t cng nhn qua li v t cng nhn lm vic. Ch c nhng ngi chuyn trch mi c lm vic ti khu vc ny. i) Khm sc khe v t y t Cc Cn b Cng nhn vin ca Cng ty phi khm sc khe nh k 6 thng/ ln. H s khm c lu tr theo di sc khe tt c cc thnh vin trong Cng ty. ha cht. bi bm, bn t li vo Xng. phng cha ph liu ring.
Trang 28
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Cc t thuc c b tr ti nhng ni m cng nhn thng xuyn ra vo, lun
c ngi trc cp pht thuc khi cn.
Trang 29
CHNG 2 :TNG QUAN V NGUYN LIU SN XUT H CO
Trang 30
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Nguyn liu dng trong sn xut H Co gm: Nguyn liu chnh : Tht, Tm, v bnh. Nguyn liu ph : C rt, C sn, Hnh tm, Ti, Bt bp, Du nnh, v cc loi 2.1 NGUYN LIU CHNH 2.1.1. Tht heo 2.1.1.1. Thnh phn ho hc v gi tr dinh dng ca tht Tht ng vt l ngun thc phm c gi tr dinh dng cao, cha cc protein, glucid, lipid, vitamin, khong cht cn thit cho con ngi. Trong , c bit l thnh phn protein tht c y cc acid amin khng thay th vi t l cn i. Thnh phn vitamin cng kh a dng nh : vitamin A, B1, B2, PP, . V vy, tht l ngun thc phm quan trng cho con ngi m kh c mt loi thc phm no thay th c.
Hnh 2.1 : Tht heo Bng 2.1 : Thnh phn ho hc ca tht heo Loi tht Ln m Ln m Ln nc Thnh phn (%) Nc Protid Lipid 47,5 14,5 37,5 60,9 16,5 21,5 73,0 19,0 7,0 Tro 0,7 1,1 1,0 Kcal (100g) 406 268 143 Mui khong (mg/100g) Ca P Fe 8 156 0,4 9 178 1,5 Vitamin (mg/1kg) A 0,1 B1 5,3 B2 1,6 PP 27
Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre Bng 2.2 : Thnh phn protein ca mt s loi thc phm Tn Tht Hm lng protid trung bnh (%) 16,5 Trng 14,8 Gan 18,8 Thn 13,0
Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre Bng 2.3 : So snh thnh phn mt s acid amin thit yu ca mt s loi thc phm Trang 31
Tn acid amin Lysine Methionin Tryptophan Phenylalanin Treonin Vaalin Loxin Izoloxin Arginin Histidin
Tht 1,4 0,4 0,23 0,69 0,74 0,91 1,19 0,94 1,01 0,51
Hm lng trong 100g Trng Gan 1,07 1,26 0,61 0,6 0,22 0,34 0,94 1,15 0,73 0,9 1,08 1,17 1,36 1,58 1,18 1,02 0,95 1,08 0,31 0,95
Thn 0,71 0,35 0,22 0,71 0,6 0,69 1,03 0,68 0,79 0,33
Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre Hm lng nc trong tht kh cao, chim khong 60 75%. Nc ng vai tr rt quan trng trong tht, n nh hng n cht lng ca cc qu trnh ch bin v bo qun tht. Bng 2.4 : Hm lng acid amin trong tht heo (mg %) Acid amin Hm lng Lysine 1440 Tryptophan 230 Phenylalanine 690 Leucine 1190 Arginine 1010 Cystein 202 Methionine 400 Threonine 740 Valine 910 Isoleucine 940 Histindine 510 Tyrosine 644 Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre Tht cung cp dinh dng ch yu l protein vi hm lng t 15 20%. Protein trong c xem l ngun protein hon ho, cha hu nh y cc acid amin cn thit vi t l cn i. Lng acid amin cn thit vo khong 46%. Thnh phn lipid trong tht lm cho tht va c gi tr nng lng cao, va gp phn lm tng hng v thm ngon ca tht. Thnh phn lipid thay i ty thuc vo chng loi, cn nng v v tr ming tht. Trang 32
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Trong tht c cha mt s khong cht cn thit cho s tn ti v pht trin ca c th, loi tht cha nhiu m th lng mui khong thp hn. Bng 2.5 : Hm lng mt s khong trong tht Ca Thc phm Tht ln nc Tht ln ba ch Tht b (mg) 7 9 12 P (mg) 190 178 226 Fe (mg) 1,0 1,5 3,1 Mg (mg) 32 83 Zn (mg) 2,5 378 Co ( g ) 1,1 28 Cu ( g ) 190 Se ( g ) 23,9 -
Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre Tht l ngun vitamin nhm B rt tt, nhng hm lng thay i ty theo loi tht. Tht ln nc cha nhiu Thiamine hn cc loi khc. Bng 2.6 : Hm lng mt s vitamin trong tht Vitamine A ( mg) Vitamine C (mg) Vitamine B1 (mg) Vitamine B2 (mg) Vitamine PP (mg) Tht ln ba ch 10 2 0,53 0,16 2,7 Tht b 12 1 0,1 0,17 4,2
Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre 2.1.1.2. Cc giai on bin i ca tht sau git m Tht d b h hng do trong tht c cha enzym t phn gii. Mt khc tht l ngun dinh dng rt tt cho vi sinh vt pht trin gy h hng tht. Nhng vi sinh vt ny nhim vo tht theo 2 con ng :
-
Ni sinh : do vt b bnh, do thc n cho gia sc n trc khi git m. Ngoi sinh : do nhim bn t bn ngoi vo tht trong qu trnh git m v vn chuyn.
Khi cha c s tham gia ca vi sinh vt, qu trnh bin i ca tht tri qua 3 giai on :
-
Trc co cng : l giai on lc mi git m xong th cc bin sinh ha xy
ra cha mnh, giai on ny ko di t vi pht n vi gi sau. Tht cn ti v nng, c mu , m c mm, n hi, hng thm, ct ngang th tht s nh cn dnh dnh, khng chy nc, khng cng, khng tm ti hay xanh. Trong giai an ny tht c kh Trang 33
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE nng ht nc tt v n c im pH gn bng 7, cch xa im pH ng in ca protein dn n kh nng gi nc ca tht trong giai an ny rt cao.
-
Giai on co cng : m c tr nn cng chc. Giai on sau co cng : m c mm khng n hi.
2.1.1.3. Cc dng h hng ca tht Tht l thc phm c gi tr dinh dng cao, c tnh l ha hc ca tht cng rt thch hp cho vi sinh vt pht trin. S nhim vi sinh vt vo thc phm do ng vt b m, iu kin v sinh khu vc git m kmS nhim vi sinh vt gm cc vi khun v bo t ca nm. Cc vi khun ch yu l loi hoi sinh gy thi v vi khun ng rut. Yu t quyt nh qu trnh h hng ca tht l nhit , m tng i ca khng kh v mc nhim vi sinh vt ban u. Nhiu nghin cu chng t rng tht ch gim cht lng ng k khi s lng vi sinh vt ln khong 107 108 t bo trn 1g hoc 1cm2 b mt sn phm.
S thi ra tht : Do cc vi sinh vt hiu kh cng nh k kh pht trin sinh ra cc enzyme
protease phn gii protein. Sn phm ca qu trnh thi ra bao gm : hydro sulfua, idol, scatol, butyric to mi kh chu cho tht. Cc vi khun hiu kh gy thi thng gp l : Bacterium megatherium, Bacilluc subtilis, Bacillus mensenterium, Cc vi khun k kh gy thi thng gp l : Clostridium perifringens, Clostridium putrificum, Clostridium sporogenes, . S ho nhy b mt : Thng xut hin trn b mt tht p lnh cc bung c m khng kh tng i cao (hn 90%). y l giai on u ca s h hng. Lp nhy ny gm c nhiu vi khun khc nhau nh Micrococcus albus, Bacillus subtilis, Tc sinh nht cn ph thuc vo nhit . Nhit bo qun tht trnh tht sinh nht l 00C.
Tht b chua :
Do vi khun lactic, nm men hoc cc enzyme c sn trong tht gy ra. Tht c cng nhiu glycogen th cng d b chua, qu trnh ln men chua lm cho pH ca tht gim. y l qu trnh trc ca qu trnh thi ra. Sn phm ca cc qu trnh l cc Trang 34
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE acid nh acid formic, acid acetic, acid butyric, acid propyonic, acid succinic Tht chua c mu xm v mi kh chu. Tht b mc : Do cc nm mc Mucor, Aspergillus, pht trin trn tht lm cho tht tng tnh kim do phn hy protein v lipid to thnh cc acid bay hi. Nm mc pht trin lm cho tht c mi mc, dnh nht v bin mu. Tht ch b nhim mc th c th gt b lp mc trn b mt v s dng tip nhng nu c km theo qu trnh thi ra th khng th s dng c na.
S bin mu ca tht : Mu ca tht trong qu trnh bo qun c th chuyn t mu sang mu xm,
nu hoc xanh lc do cc vi khun hiu kh pht trin trn b mt. 2.1.1.4. Mt s ch tiu ca tht
a)
Tht ti
Bng 2.7 : Ch tiu cm quan
Tn ch tiu Cc yu cu Trng thi bn ngoi Mng ngoi kh, m, mu sc, mi v c trng Ch vt ct khi tht Mu sc bnh thng, sng, kh, rn chc, n hi cao Ty Phi bm chc thnh ng ty, n hi, trong Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre Bng 2.8 : Ch tiu l ha Tn ch tiu Phn ng vi giy qu pH nc tht (10g tht xay + 100ml nc ct trung tnh) Phn ng Ebe (nh tnh ammoniac) Hm lng ammoniac Phn ng thuc th ch acetate (nh tnh H2S) Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre b) Tht p lnh: Bng 2.9 : Ch tiu cm quan ca tht ng lnh Tn ch tiu Trng thi bn ngoi Mu sc Trng thi bn ngoi Yu cu theo TCVN 7074:2002 Trng thi lnh ng Khi tht ng cng, lng, dnh tay, b mt kh, g c ting vang, cho php c t tuyt trn b mt khi tht. Mu hng ti c trng. Trng thi sau khi r ng n hi, b mt khng b nht, khng dnh tp cht l. Trang 35 Cc yu cu Acid 5 6,4 m tnh 8 18mg/100g tht m tnh
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Mu sc Mi Mu hng m n ti ca tht. Mi thm t nhin, c trng ca khi tht, khng c mi l.
Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre Bng 2.10 : Ch tiu ha l Tn ch tiu Phn ng vi giy qu Phn ng Ebe (nh tnh ammoniac) Phn ng thuc th ch acetate (nh tnh H2S) Hm lng NH3 Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre Bng 2.11 : Ch tiu v d lng cc kim loi nng Tn ch tiu Ch (Pb) Cadimi (Cd) Thy ngn (Hg) Gii hn ti a (mg/kg) 0,5 0,05 0,03 Yu cu Acid m tnh m tnh 40mg/100g tht
Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre Bng 2.12 : Ch tiu vi sinh Tn ch tiu Tng s vi sinh vt hiu kh E. Coli Staphylococcus aureus Samonella / 25g Gii hn cho php (CFU/1g) 106 102 102 0
Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre 2.1.2. Tm 2.1.2.1. Thnh phn v gi tr dinh dng ca tm Tm l loi hi sn c gi tr kinh t cao th trng trong nc v trn th gii. Mt trong nhng khu then cht khin sn phm xut xng c cht lng cao l gi ch ti ca tm nguyn liu trc khi a vo dy chuyn ch bin. Tm thuc loi gip xc, thn di hi trn, c bao bng mt lp v mng cu to bng cht chitine thm canxi. Mu sc ca tm do sc t thuc lp cuticum hay nhng t bo ring bit quyt nh.
Trang 36
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Tht tm ngon v rt c gi tr, hm lng protid v mui khong tht tm rt cao. Trong tht tm c cha nhiu h enzym khc nhau. Khi tm cn sng, cc enzym ny c tc dng tham gia vo qu trnh kin to nn cc t chc trong c th tm, gip tiu ha thc n v co gin c. Khi tm cht, h enzym vn tip tc hat ng v tham gia vo qu trnh phn gii cc hp cht quan trng trong c th tm nh phn gii adenosintriphotphat (ATP), glycogen, creatinphotphat c bit l s hot ng ca h enzym tiu ha s lm phn gii t chc c tht tm. y chnh l nguyn nhn lm cho c tht tm b mm v tm b gim cht lng. Ngoi ra thnh phn ha hc ca tm cng ph thuc vo trng thi sinh l, ma v, thi tit s khc nhau v thnh phn ha hc v s bin i ca chng lm nh hng rt ln n mi v v gi tr dinh dng ca sn phm, nh hng n vic bo qun ti nguyn liu v qu trnh ch bin.
Hnh 2.2: Tm Bng 2.13 : Thnh phn ha hc ca tm (100g) Thnh phn Nc (g/100g) Prttid (g/100g) Lipid (g/100g) Tro (g/100g) Glucid (g/100g) Trang 37 Hm lng 76 79 19 33 0,3 1,4 1,3 1,87 -
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Canxi (mg/100g) Photpho (mg/100g) St (mg/100g) Natri (mg/100g) Kali (mg/100g) 29 50 33 67,6 1,2 5,1 11 127 127 565
Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre 2.1.2.2. Cc ch tiu cht lng tm
Trang 38
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Bng 2.14 : Ch tiu cm quan Ch tiu Yu cu - C mu sc c trng sng bng. - Khng bc mu. - Khng c m en bt k im no trn thn, u v ui. - Tht ti trong. - Khng b xanh phn tht gn u (tht hm). - Khng c bt k m en no trn tht. - Khng v v. Khng mm v. - Khng t ui, st v, nt t. - Tht n hi, sn chc. - Mi c trng ca tm, khng c mi l. - Thm c trng ca tm luc, khng c mi khai, khng c mi l. - V ngt m. Nc luc trong.
Mu sc bn ngoi Mu sc Mu sc ca tht tm Trng thi bn ngoi Trng thi tht T nhin Mi V Sau khi luc chn V sau khi luc chn
Trng thi
Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre Bng 2.15: Ch tiu vi sinh Ch tiu Gii hn cho php trong 1g Tng s vi khun hiu kh 106 E. coli 102 Staphylococcus aureus 102 Clostridium perfringenes 102 Samonella (trong 25g) 0 Vibrio parahaemolyticus 102 Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre 2.1.3. Bt lm v bnh L ngun nguyn liu chnh lm nn v bnh cung cp cho quy trnh sn xut h co. Bt h co c tng hp v c ch bin bi nhiu loi bt khc nhau nh: bt nng, bt go, bt np Bt rt d ht m nn phi bo qun ng cch v hp l, thng thng thi gian s dng bt l t 6 thng cho n 1 nm.
Trang 39
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Hm lng protein trong bt trung bnh t 2 16%. Phn tch protein ca bt th thy c 4 lai: Anbumin: tan trong nc. Globumin: tan trong dung dch mui trung tnh. Prolamin: tan trong dung dch ru 60 80%. Glutenin: tan trong dung dch kim 0,2%. Hai protein u chim t l khang 20%, cn li chim khang 80% Tinh bt l glucid quan trng cha trn 90% cht kh ca bt. Cht bt c cu to t hai thnh phn chnh l amyloza va amylopectin. Trong glucid ca bt cha mt t ng saccharoza, glucoza, frutoze, maltose, Bng 2.16 : Ch tiu cht lng bt lm v bnh Ch tiu Hm lng (%) m 13 14 Tro 0,6 Protein 10 11 Lipid 1.5 2 Glucid 70 80 acid < 2,5 Khng ln tp cht, khng c su mt, phi c mu trng c trng, khng c mi v l ngoi mi thm t nhin ca bt Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre
2.2. NGUYN LIU PH 2.2.1 C u (c sn) Tn gi: C u (min Bc). Tn Pachyrhizus urban. Hnh thi: thn cun. Hoa to, xp thnh Trang 40 Cy thn tho c mu mn, kh chm di khoa hc: erosus (L)
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE nch. Cy thng ra hoa vo thng 4, 5, qu chn vo thng 11, 12. Ht cha nhiu cht c (Rotenon v Pakyrizon) nn dng lm thuc st trng v tr giun. C th gi nh trn vi du cha mt s bnh ngoi da.
Hnh 2.3 : C sn nc Bng 2.17 : Thnh phn ho hc ca c sn Thnh phn Nc Glucid Protein Hm lng (%) 60 28 1,6
Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre Yu cu cht lng: C sn c thu mua sn xut phi m bo : Khng b dp nt. Khng b su b cn, khng ng
Trang 41
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE 2.2.2. C rt C rt l mt loi rau c cung cp nhiu dinh dng cho con ngi. c bit l cung cp khong (Fe, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, ) v vitamine (C, D, E, B 1, B2 v nhiu carotene ) cho c th ngi, nht l i vi tr em. C rt gip c th gim nhit, cung cp cht dinh dng v to cm quan cho thc phm.
Hnh 2.4 : C rt Bng 2.18 : Thnh phn ho hc ca c rt Thnh phn trong 100g Protid Lipid Glucid Cellulose Hm lng 1,5 8,0 1,2
Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre Yu cu cht lng: C rt t cht lng phi c nhng yu cu sau: Mu vng da cam ti C c rt phi ti, khng ho Khng b dp nt Khng b su b cn, khng ng
Trang 42
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE 2.2.3. Cy gia v Hnh, ti l mt trong nhng loi c gia v c s dng ph bin nht trong ch bin thc n nhm tng hng v cho thc phm. Ngoi ra chng cn c ngha dc liu. C gia v cha nhiu tinh du v cht khng sinh c tc dng khng khun i vi mt s loi vi khun, ko di thi gian bo qun thc phm. Mt s tc dng ca c gia v: -
To mi v tt, t i mi v xu, v d mi nng ca hnh ti t i mi Cha nhiu cht khng sinh thc vt. Cung cp nhiu cht dinh dng, cht khong, vitamin cn thit cho c
tanh ca tht, c
th sng. 2.2.3.1. Ti Tn khoa hc : Allium sativum L. H Hnh thi : Liliaceace. : cy thn tho, mc hng nm, thn c chia ra nhiu mi gi
l mi ti ( hay tp ti). V ngoi c mu tm hay mu trng. Ty thuc vo mu sc v khc nhau m c chia thnh hai loi: ti ta, ti trng. Bng 2.19: Thnh phn ho hc chnh ca ti Thnh phn Nng lng (kcal) Nc Protein Lipid Glucid Cellulose Tro Hm lng (%) 118 67,7 4,4 0,2 2,3 0,7 1.3
Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre Ti ta c mu tm , s nhnh t, nhnh to, v cay hng, thng c trng vo ma xun, nn gi l ti xun, hp n sng hoc lm gia v. Ti trng c v mu trng, v cay hng thng c trng vo ma thu nn gi l ti thu, thng dng ngm gim. Trang 43
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Ngoi ra, ti cn cha mt lng ln alixin gip dit khun mnh. Tuy nhin trong ti ti khng c cht alixin ngay m c cht anilin. Di tc dng ca enzyme anilase c trong ti mi to thnh alixin. Cng dng: Ti l mt mn gia v rt c bit, dng ch bin cc loi nc chm, xo, nu, mui da hay n sng. Ngoi ra ti cn c tc dng khng khun, khng nm, ngn nga x ng mch v bin chng bnh tiu ng. Ti cn c dng lm m phm do cc thnh phn cha trong ti kch thch cc mch mu ca da mt, lm gim cc sc t en 2.2.3.2. Hnh tm: Tn khoa hc : Allium fistulosum L H Hnh thi : Liliaceae : Cy thn tho, sng lu nm, c mi c bit.
Cng ging nh ti th hnh cng l mt gia v c thm vo nhm lm cho sn phm c mi thm v gip cho sn phm c c v ngon hn khi dng. Hnh cha nhiu loi thnh phn dinh dng, trong hm lng caroten v axit ascobic kh phong ph. Bng 2.20 : Thnh phn ho hc ca hnh tm Thnh phn Nng lng (kcal) Nc Protein Lipid Glucid Cellulose Hm lng (%) 24 92,5 1,3 4,8 0,7
Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre Ngoi ra, trong hnh c cha acid malic, phytin v alylsunfit. c bit l tinh du, ch yu l khng sinh alixin C6H10OS2 (0.015%) c tc dng dit khun mnh. Cng dng: Ngoi chc nng lm gia v cho thc phm, hnh cn c tc dng kch thch thn kinh, lm tng s bi tit ca dch tiu ho, dng lm thuc tr vim ph qun, cha ho, cha chng ra m hi, li tiu, cm nhc u, lm sng mt, 2.2.2.3. Tiu Trang 44
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Tn khoa hc : Piper nigrum L. H Hnh thi : Piperaceae : Cy tiu l loi cy leo, thn mm do. Thn mang r cc mt
nn c th b trn vch . Thnh phn ho hc Ht tiu thng phm cha t 12 14 % nc v 86 88% cht kh. Bng 2.21: Thnh phn ho hc ca tiu Thnh phn Cht khong Cht m Cellulose Cht bt ng Cht bo Tinh du Piperin Nha Hm lng (%) 1,62 11,71 6,35 62,3 9,21 1,86 8,59 1,19
Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre Cng dng Tiu l mt gia v thng c dng trong ch bin thc phm, tiu c v cay nng, ngt, mi thm rt c bit. Khi cho tiu vo trong thc phm s lm tng thm hng v, to s hp dn. Trong ch bin, tiu l mt trong nhng gia v rt cn thit nhm nng cao gi tr cm quan, c tc dng tr tiu ha, gii c v khng khun. Dc tnh quan trng ca tiu:
-
Tinh du tiu: c tc dng lm gim au, li tiu, nhun trng, khng khun Piperin : c tc dng lm gia tng tnh kh dng sinh hc ca nhiu cht dinh
dng thit yu cho c th. Yu cu k thut khi dng tiu trong ch bin Bng 2.22: Ch tiu cm quan ca tiu Tn ch tiu Trng thi Mu sc Mi v Tp cht Yu cu Ti, mn, kh, khng ln tp cht C mu nu sm v en V cay, nng t nhin, c mi thm c trng, khng c v l Khng c nm mc, su mt Trang 45
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre Bng 2.23 : Ch tiu ha l ca tiu Tn ch tiu Hm lng m Cht khng bay hi chit c Tinh du bay hi (ml/100 khi lng) Hm lng piperin (% khi lng) Tro tng s (% khi lng) Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre Yu cu < 13 6 1 4 <6
2.3. GIA V 2.3.1. Mui Mui l mt loi gia v khng th thiu trong ch bin. Vai tr: - To v cho sn phm, nng cao tnh bn vng ca sn phm khi bo qun. - C kh nng xc tin qu trnh oxy ha cc thnh phn trong tht lm thay i mu ca sn phm. - Lm tng tnh kt dnh ca actin v miozin trong tht qua qu trnh to p sut thm thu. Mui lm nhim v trung ha nhng m ny, lm tng kh nng gi nc ca tht. - Mui c tnh st khun nh, vi nng 4.4% c th lm ngng s pht trin ca mt s vi sinh vt gy ra bnh. V vy, khi p mui c th c ch v tiu dit mt s loi vi sinh vt. Bng 2.24: Ch tiu ca mui trong ch bin Tn ch tiu Trng thi bn ngoi Mu sc Mi v m Tp cht Yu cu Ht kh, ri, trng sch Mu trng, trong V mn thun khit, khng c mi v l Khng qu 20% Khng ln tp cht, ct sn
Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre
Trang 46
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE 2.3.2. ng ng s dng trong ch bin l ng saccharose sn xut t ma mua t cc nh my ng trong nc. ng c tc dng lm du v mn cho thc phm, cng vi cc loi gia v khc lm cho sn phm c v hi ho hn. Bng 2.25: Yu cu v ch tiu cm quan ca ng Tn ch tiu Hnh dng Mi v Mu sc Yu cu Dng tinh th tng i u, ti kh khng vn cc C v ngt, khng c mi l Mu trng, sng ng nh
Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre 2.3.3. Bt ngt Bt ngt l mui ca mononatri ca acid glutamic tn ti hai dng: dng bt v dng tinh th. Bt ngt c s dng tng thm mi v v gi tr dinh dng trong thc phm. N l cht iu v c gi tr trong cng nghip thc phm. Trong cng nghip, bt ngt c tng hp t nhiu phng php khc nhau. Bt ngt c Cng ty s dng trong sn xut c mua t Cng ty VEDAN. Bng 2.26: Yu cu khi dng bt ngt ch bin Tn ch tiu Trng thi Cm quan Mu sc Mi thm V pH Hm lng nc Hm lng Ho l Natri glutamate Hm lng NaCl St Gc sunfua Yu cu Mn, khng vn cc, d tan trong nc, s lng im en trong 10cm2 < 2 Trng sang Thm c trng, khng ln chua, khng tanh, khng c mi l C v ngt c trng ca bt ngt 6,5 7 <1,4% >80% 18% <0,05% <0,002%
Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre Trang 47
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Cc loi gia v rt d ht m. V vy, chng c bo qun kn trong hp, d tr trong phng c nhit khong 200C, m khng kh 20 40%, c qut ht bo m khng kh trong phng lun kh ro v thong gi.
2.4. NGUN THU MUA, VN CHUYN V BO QUN 2.4.1. Tht Ngun thu mua Mng li thu mua ca Cng ty rt rng ln, nm ri rc t Thi Bnh n C Mau. Tht heo ng c mua Thi Bnh thng khong 10 20 tn, c kim dch ti ch trc khi vn chuyn v Cng ty. iu kin vn chuyn Cng ty mua tht nguyn cu trc c lm sch v cp ng nn tht c vn chuyn v x nghip bng xe lnh. Tht trc lc vn chuyn i phi c kim tra cht lng, nhit , Trong qu trnh vn chuyn cn phi m bo v sinh sch s, lun lun ch khng ch nhit v m, m bo vic thng gi tt. Bo qun ti Cng ty Khi v n Cng ty, tht s c bo qun lnh ng trong kho lnh, tht nguyn cu trc c xp chng ln nhau trn gi trong kho c khng kh i lu. Do c cu trc phc tp, tht khng c bao gi. gim mc mt nc ca tht, khng kh trong kho c m ln hn 75 - 80%. Trc khi nhp vo Cng ty sn xut phi c kim nghim k cng v a im sn xut, giy chng nhn ca Bc s Th y v du ng trn c s sc vt. Sau tin hnh kim nghim phm cht ca tht. to ra sn phm c cht lng cao, Cng ty ch chn mua tht ti, tht c ngun gc t ni khng c dch bnh, tht phi c chn t vt nui khe mnh v chn tht c trng thi bn ngoi: mng ngoi kh, m c mu t nhin, gn trong n hi tt, mi t nhin. Tht c trng thi vt ct l mu sng t nhin, c tht ti, kh, hi dnh, ty xng bm chc vo xng v thnh ng, n hi tt.
Trang 48
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Nu tht cn gi trong thi gian ngn th ch cn lm lnh s b ri bo qun. Nu thi gian bo qun di th trc tin phi ng lnh sau a vo kho bo qun lnh ng c nhit t -18 oC n -25 o C. 2.4.2. Tm Ngun thu mua Tm hay hi sn ni chung c thu mua Cn Gi, C Mau, hoc mua bn thnh phm ca cc Cng ty c uy tn trn th trng trong thnh ph iu kin thu mua Nguyn liu Tm sau khi thu mua, c a n Xng ch bin thc phm dng bn thnh phm cp ng v bo qun lnh ng. Cng ty chn mua Tm sau khi r ng c mu sc t nhin, khng b b v, v tm c th mm nhng khng b bong ra khi thn. Thn c mu sng bng, khng b dp nt, u dnh vo thn. Tht Tm sn chc, khng c mi n. Tuyt i khng nhn loi Tm c mi n, nng tht, v mu v thn b bin en hon ton. bo m nguyn liu tt, Cng ty phi thng xuyn ly mu kim tra cc ch tiu ho hc v vi sinh. Bo qun Tng t nh tht, nu ch cn c bo qun trong thi gian ngn, tm c lm lnh s b nhit 0 20C, phng php ny gi ti nguyn liu khong 3 5 ngy. Nu cn bo qun trong thi gian di, s dng phng php lnh ng, bo qun nhit -18 n -250C. 2.4.3. Cc nguyn liu khc 2.4.3.1. Ngun thu mua nng sn Nng sn ch yu c mua cc ch u mi, cc i l t nhn ( qun 6 ) 2.4.3.2. iu kin vn chuyn Trc khi bc xp v vn chuyn, nng sn cn c ng trong bao b trnh cho nguyn liu b xay xt,dp nt to mi trng tt cho vi sinh vt xm nhp v pht trin s dn n vic gy h hng nguyn liu. Trang 49
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Trn ng vn chuyn v Cng ty cn phi c che ph cn thn trnh bi, nng, ma nhng phi c thong kh khng lm tng m bn trong khi nguyn liu s l nguyn nhn gy h hng. Xe vn chuyn nguyn liu phi thng xuyn c v sinh trnh s nhim cho cho nguyn liu. 2.4.3.3. Cch bo qun nng sn ti Cng ty Nng sn c bo qun trong kho tr mt. Nguyn liu sau khi nhp vo Cng ty s c s ch ti xng s ch, sau cho vo cc st, vn chuyn n kho tr mt c nhit 0 100C. Khi xp cc st cn trnh khng chn p lm dp rau qu, to iu kin vi sinh vt xm nhp gy h hng rau qu. Ch chiu cao ca bn gc st nha bao gi cng cao hn chiu cao ca nng sn trong thng, cc st nha c t trn sn tip nhn cch palet khong 20cm. Nng sn bo qun trong kho mt c cht theo l da trn nguyn tc vo trc xut trc, m bo khe h thng thong ng thi c dn giy ghi ngy nhp kho bo m nng sn lun ti, khng b trong kho.
Trang 50
CHNG 3: QUY TRNH SN XUT H CO
Trang 51
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE 3.1. GII THIU V SN PHM H CO 3.1.1. ngha tn gi v xut x H co l mn n ca ngi Trung Hoa, c dng vo cc ba n sng (kp vo bnh m, n km vi tng) v hay trong cc ba tra. T H y c ngha l Tm, Tht bm nh (hoc Tm nguyn con), cn t Co c ngha l hnh thc dng vin trn. Nh vy H co l loi bnh c hnh dng trn v c nhn l Tm, Tht bm nh cng vi mt s nguyn liu khc ty thuc vo khu v ca ngi dng.
a) H co b) H co tm cua c) H co mini Hnh 3.1: Cc sn phm H co 3.1.2. c tnh H co l mt loi sn phm n lin ( c hp chn), hoc cng c th ch bin thm bng cch hp li hoc chin. H co hp th mm, do; H co chin th gin, bo, mi v hp dn. H co c gi tr dinh dng kh cao do c tnh cc thnh phn nguyn liu c y cht m, bo, khong, vitamine... Hnh dng ca H co kh bt mt, ging nh nhng con s nh, ng trong bao nha hoc trong hp nha c bc bao nha bn ngoi, v c trng lng trung bnh 500g Ty loi H co dng cho ni a hay xut khu m thnh phn nguyn liu ca nhn, da bnh s khc nhau ph hp vi khu v ca ngi tiu dng.
Trang 52
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE 3.1.3. Mc ch s dng H co s dng c cho mi la tui, s dng H co c th thay th cho ba n chnh v c y cht m, bo, vitamin, khong Tho b bao b, sn phm t r ng sau c th hp li s c mt mn n mm, do dng vi nc chm v rau sng hoc cho v du chin s c mt mn n gin, bo, thm ngon. 3.1.4. Hnh thc Sn phm c ng trong bao nha hoc trong hp nha c bc bao nha bn ngi, c trng lng trung bnh l 500g. C y thng tin v sn phm nh thnh phn, thi hn s dng, cch bo qun ng theo quy nh nh nc. Hnh dng ca sn phm rt p, khi ta trnh by ra a nhn ging nh nhng con s nh rt xinh xn d thng v ngon mt, mi bnh c trng lng 25g. Ty loi H co ni a hay xut khu m thnh phn cu to ca nhn, da s khc nhau ph hp vi khu v ca ngi tiu dng. 3.1.5. iu kin bo qun v thi hn s dng Sn phm H co c thi gian s dng l 6 thng v c bo qun nhit < -18oC. 3.1.6. Vn chuyn v phn phi Khi vn chuyn khng c mnh tay hoc vt nng ln sn phm v c th lm sn phm b b, v dn n h hng sn phm. H co c gii thiu v phn phi cc i l, ca hng gii thiu sn phm v cc siu th trong nc v xut khu sang nc ngoi. 3.1.7. Sn phm h co Ch tiu cht lng :
-
Ch tiu cm quan : bnh phi c hnh dng p, khng c tp cht, np Ch tiu ha l : pH = 4,5 5,5 Ch tiu ha hc :
o mn : 1,5 2 %
gp ngay, ng trng lng (500g / 20 bnh)

-
Trang 53
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE o Brix

-
: 20%
Ch tiu vi sinh : Bng 3.1 : Ch tiu vi sinh vt trong sn phm H co Tn ch tiu Tng s vi sinh vt hiu kh Coliform E.coli Staphylococcus aureus Samonella / 25g Shigella V.parahaemoliticus Gii hn cho php trong 1g 106 100 0 0 0 0 0
Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre iu kin bo qun : bo qun nhit - 180C

Thi hn s dng : 6 thng k t ngy sn xut. Vn chuyn v phn phi Khi vn chuyn khng c mnh tay hoc vt nng ln sn phm v c
th lm sn phm v, h hng. Sn phm c vn chuyn bng xe lnh, phn phi n cc i l, c hng gii thiu sn phm, cc siu th hay xut khu ra nc ngoi.
S dng : H co c s dng cho mi la tui. L loi sn phm n lin, ngoi ra cng
c th hp hoc chin.
3.2. QUY TRNH CH BIN H CO 3.2.1. Quy trnh x l cc loi nguyn liu 3.2.1.1. Tht Tht s dng y l Tht ti v ng lnh.
a) Yu cu nguyn liu:
Tht ti mu sc bn ngoi ti, mu hng nht, c tht cng. Gn Tht ng lnh sau khi r ng tht c mi c trng. Trang 54
cng, c mu trng hoc mu tro.
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Tht heo
Kim tra
Lm sch
Ct nh
Xay
Bn thnh phm Hnh 3.2: S quy trnh s ch tht heo b) X l

Tht ti :
Kim tra loi b gn v m theo tiu chun quy nh.
Tht ng lnh Thc hin r ng ti Cng ty, tht c r ng t nhin Mc ch : R ng s lm cc tinh th tan ra, khi phc li trng thi v tnh cht ca nguyn liu, to iu kin d dng cho qu trnh ch bin Yu cu: Tht sau khi r ng: c tht c mu , mt ct ca c tht cn nguyn vn, tht mm, c mi c trng. Bin i trong qu trnh r ng: Vt l: Nhit th tng dn cc tinh th tan ra dn n cc bin i cu trc tht nh th b mm, khi lng v th tch gim. Vi sinh: Nhit tht tng lm vi sinh vt pht trin, s ha nhy b mt, s trch ly dch bo. Trang 55

c) Lm sch
Mc ch : Loi b tp cht, chun b cho qu trnh xay. Thc hin: Tht c lc gn, khng lng v cc tp cht cn st li trn tht. Tht sau c ct thnh tng ming nh c kch thc khong 4 x 4 x 4 cm to iu kin thun li cho qu trnh xay.
d) Xay
Tht sau khi c lm sch s c em xay bng my vi ng knh l 6mm Tht ti v tht ng s dng t l: 1/1. Mc ch : Lm gim kch thc ca khi tht theo yu cu, tng b mt tip xc ca khi tht to thun li cho qu trnh phi trn v p gia v sau ny. Trc v sau khi xay, tht u c p c ch s pht trin ca vi sinh vt, gi c ti. Cc qu trnh bin i Bin i vt l: Trong qu trnh xay to ra lc ma st lm nhit khi tht tng ln. Kch thc ca tht cng s thay i ty theo my xay. Bin i ha l: Di tc dng ca trt vt v l p m, m c v m m b ph hy cc mi lien kt trong m lm bin dng cu trc. vit kt ni gia cc ht phn ct ch yu nh vo c tnh chc nng ca protein ha tan ca khi tht. lng protein ny phng thch t trong qu trnh ct tht. 3.2.1.2. Tm Lm sch :
Tm ti : thc hin nh sau : B u, lt v Ly ch tm. Ra sch.
Tm ng lnh
-
R ng t nhin Lm sch, kim tra: Sau khi r ng, tin hnh rt ch tm, phn loi
v kim tra loi b hon ton tp cht cn st li Tm. Trong qu trnh ny, tm c g nhit thp bng vy. Ra : Sau khi kim tra, tm c ra li bng nc thng, ro ri xay. Trang 56
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Xay : xay tm cng s dng my xay trc vt nh i vi tht heo.
Tm
Kim tra
Lm sch
Kim tra Ra
Xay
Bn thnh phm Hnh 3.6: S quy trnh s ch tm 3.2.1.3. Nng sn : C sn v c rt Quy trnh ngm ra nng sn Ngm ln 1 Trc khi gt v, ngm trong nc chlorine vi nng 20ppm trong thi gian 15 pht nhm dit vi khun bm trn lp v bn ngoi nng sn, ng thi lm gim tp cht (t, ct) bm trn v. Gt v S dng dao gt b lp v bc bn ngoi, loi b cc phn dp. Ra xi ln 1 Xi nc ln c sau khi gt loi t, ct, v, cn bm li trn c. Ngm ln 2 Trang 57
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Nng sn sau khi lm sch v tip tc ngm trong dung dch chlorine chlorine vi nng 10ppm trong thi gian l 10 pht. Tc dng: Loi b tp cht, vi sinh vt cn bm li trn c. Ra ln 2 Ra li bng nc thng 2 ln lm sch chlorine trn c, lm sch hon ton nng sn. C rt Sn c
Ngm, ra 1 Gt v Ngm, ra 2
Ngm, ra 1
Gt v
Ch Ct nh Ngm, ra 2 Hp s b Xay Lm ngui Ly tm Ly tm
Bn thnh phm c rt
Bn thnh phm sn
Hnh 3.7: S quy trnh s ch nng sn
Trang 58

a) C rt
Ct nh : Nguyn liu c rt sau khi kim tra t tiu chun c a vo my ct chiu di l 4 5 cm v b dy l 0,3 cm, sau ct thnh si v cui cng l ct thnh ht lu. C rt v sn s c a vo my ct vi. Ly tm: Ly tm trong 3 pht tch bt nc, trnh nh hng n sn phm sau ny. b) C sn c x l tng t C rt. 3.2.1.4. C gia v : Hnh tm, ti Gt ra : Hnh tm, ti trc khi a vo ch bin phi c ct b gc r, ra bng nc loi t, ct v cc tp cht khc. Ngm ra: Ngm nc chlorine, vt ra, bc lp v mm bn ngoi. Sau ngm dung dch chlorine. Ra li bng nc thng 2 ln, ro, ct nh thnh ming dy khong 1,5cm v xay nhuyn 3.2.1.5. Chun b v bnh Trn nho bt Bt h co sau khi mua v c bo qun trn nhng palet nha cch mt t khong 5cm ch s dng. Bt khi c s dng lm v h co s c ry vi ng knh l ry 0,5mm. Sau c trn s b bng tay, lng nc cho vo theo t l 5kg bt / 6kg nc, nhit nc trn l 1000C. Trong qu trnh trn s cho thm gia v nh: mui, bt ngt, ng, du n. Sau khi trn bng tay, bt s c a vo trn bng my. Mt m trn thng khong 50kg bt nho trong vng 6 giy. Bt sau khi trn my chuyn sang nho bng tay n khi bt nho t yu cu k thut th a n my cn Bt s c chia thnh nhng phn nh hn d cn, thng l cn 5 ln n dy quy nh (1 2 mm). Bt sau khi cn thnh tm mng (chiu dy 1-2mm), s c to hnh bng khun lm v h co. V h co c hnh trn ng knh 75mm, khi lng v t 12 - 12,5g. Ch tiu cht lng khi bt nho Trang 59
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE - pH : 6,6
- Mui : 0,05% - Brix : 25% Yu cu v h co: -
Da khng b rch. Khng qu mm, c dai nht nh. ng knh 7,5 cm. Khng dnh tp cht. Khi lng nht nh : 230 235g/ 20 ming
3.2.2. Quy trnh cng ngh sn xut h co Nguyn liu sau khi qua s ch nh trn s c tip tc thc hin qua cc cng on theo quy trnh sau :
Trang 60
Cc bn thnh phm Phi trn nh lng 1 V h co

Khay
Gia v
nh hnh Xp khay nh lng 2 Hp Lm ngui Kim tra nh lng 3 Cp ng Tp cht
Bao b
ng gi R kim loi ng thng Thnh phm c kim loi
Sn phm
Hnh 3.9 : S quy trnh sn xut H co
Trang 61

3.2.2.1. Phi trn
y l giai on quan trng to nhn cho sn phm h co. Gia v dng trong phi trn gm c: mui, ng, bt ngt, tiu, ti, hnh tm.
Mc ch : - Phn b u cc thnh phn trong hn hp nguyn liu, to nn trng thi
tng i ng nht. - To gi tr cm quan cho thnh phm v cu trc, mi, v.
Cc qu trnh bin i : cc qu trnh vt l, ha hc, ha l, ha sinh, vi sainh
t xy ra v gia on ny t tn thi gian. Thit b : - Qu trnh phi trn hn hp nguyn liu c thc hin trong my trn. - My trn c dng hnh tr ng, c trc khuy, nng sut ca my l 300kg/h. 3.2.2.2. nh lng 1

Mc ch : Chun b cho qu trnh nh hnh. Tin hnh : Qu trnh nh lng cn phi thc hin cng nhanh cng tt, trnh
qu lu ngoi khng kh c th lm gim cht lng sn phm. Khi nhn c chia thnh tng vin vi khi lng 12 13g/ vin. 3.2.2.3. nh hnh :
Mc ch : to hnh cho sn phm thu ht ngi tiu dng
Tin hnh : Qu trnh nh hnh h co c thc hin bng tay vi nhn v v
bnh c chun b trc. Sau khi nh hnh, bnh c xp vo khay nha, mi khay 20 bnh.
Yu cu : o Bnh phi no trn, u, hnh con s. o Bnh khng b b, v bnh khng b rch. o Ming bnh khng b n bt. o S np ly l 7, 8 hay 9 ly. 3.2.2.4. nh lng 2
Mc ch : Cn kim tra trng lng ca tng khay bnh. Khi khay bnh t yu cu s c xp vo v hp bng inox (4 khay / v) Trang 62
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE 3.2.2.5. Hp

Mc ch : Lm chn sn phm, tiu dit vi sinh vt. Cc qu trnh bin i: Bin i vt l :

+ + +
Nhit tng Khi lng sn phm gim do s mt hi nc Mu sc thay i, c mu xm do s chn ca tht
Bin i ha l : Cc protein c tng gii phng t cc t bo khi xay nghin s to nn mt n keo kt ni cc cu phn trong hn hp khi nu. s thai bin cc protein ha tan bt u nhit 500C. nhit 700C, gn nh chng hon ton b bin tnh v 800C s bin tnh ny l hon ton. Khi cc enzym s b tiu hy v gel s to thnh t cc protein ha tan ny t bn vng ti a. Cc protein si c thoi bin nhit thp hn nhit ca protein c tng. Nhit tng lm thot hi nc nn m ca sn phm tng, mi trng ny s co rt cc chui protein lin kt ca collagen xy ra nhit khong 550C. nhit gia tng lm mt phn protein ha tan, to nn gel khi ngui. Tnh cht v cu trc ca gel ny ph thuc vo s ti to nn cc kt ni gia cc chui, thay i ty theo cc thng s ca qu trnh nu, nng collagen v vo vn tc lm ngui. Bin i vi sinh : Mt s vi sinh vt s b tiu dit 1000C 3.2.2.6. Lm ngui Mc ch : Chun b cho qu trnh kim tra v ng gi. Thc hin : Lm ngui bng qut trong thi gian 15 20 pht, n khi nhit xung khong 25 - 300C th dng c qut ln mt bnh mt lp du thc vt. Xp bnh vo hp, 20 banh/1 hp v cho vo khay nha chuyn vo cp ng. 3.2.2.7. Cp ng Cho tng hp bnh ln bng ti cp ng, thi gian cp ng l 40 - 50 pht, nhit bung cp ng l -400C, nhit tm sn phm -180C.
Mc ch : Bo qun sn phm. 3.2.2.8. ng gi
Trang 63
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE H co sau khi cp ng c ng gi trong cc bao PE c kch thc ph hp ri tin hnh ng gi chn khng. 3.2.2.9. R kim loi

Mc ch : Kim tra v pht hin kim loi trong h co cp ng. 3.2.2.10. Hn m Mc ch : hon thin v bo qun. Hon thin : Thun tin cho ngi s dng. Thu ht ngi tiu dng. D vn chuyn v phn phi. Bo qun : Bo v sn phm khi nh hng khng tt ca mi trng xung
quanh nh : nhit , m, vi sinh vt . 3.2.3. Kim tra thnh phm v bn thnh phm Mc ch : bo m cht lng sn phm trong qu trnh ch bin v bo qun. Phng php tin hnh :

Kim tra : bo qun cht lng sn phm trong qu trnh sn xut, nhn vin phng k thut tin hnh kim tra bn thnh phm. Kim tra xng thng xuyn v ghi biu gim st v : o Nhit phng
o Tiu chun k thut (ct, cun c ng kch c quy nh, c ng theo
quy trnh) o V sinh xng trong khi sn xut, xem ph liu c vt ba bi khng. o Kim tra nc dng trong phn xng c t yu cu khng. o Nc dng trong phn xng, nc dng sn xut vy phi t tiu chun nc sch. o V sinh cc b mt tip xc trc tip v gin tip vi sn phm, m bo sn phm khng b ly nhim t nh xng, my mc thit b v dng c ch bin. o V sinh c nhn v sc khe cng nhn : ngn nga nhim vi sinh vt t ngi sang thc phm. o V sinh bao b. Trang 64
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE o Kim sot, tiu dit ng vt gy hi. o X l cht thi, trnh nhim bn vo ngi. o Bo qun v s dng ha cht : ngn nga vic nhim cc ha cht c hi vo sn phm.
Bn thnh phm v thnh phm : ly mu gi ln phng vi sinh, ha l kim tra.
Cc ch tiu cm quan : Mu sc : trng, khng c vt nu en Trng thi : vin h co cn nguyn vn, khng c v nt trn b mt, khng li nhn ra ngoi. Ch tiu ha l : Kch thc : cc vin h co tng i ng u Trng lng tnh : 500g 5g/ 20 vin h co Cc yu t lm gim cht lng sn phm cn kim tra thng xuyn : Ti phng thay : bo h lao ng b d, ti ng khng sch s, khi vo sn xut s d ly sang thc phm. Ti khu s ch : Nguyn liu sch v khng sch gn nhau, cc thau ng nhiu loi nguyn liu, t c ra. Ti khu phi trn : nh lng thiu hay tha cc thnh phn nguyn liu, gia v, khuy trn khng u. Ti khu nh hnh : Sn phm khng p, khi lng khng u, dnh tp cht. Ti khu hp : cn tun th ng s lng v trong mt ln hp, thi gian, nhit ng quy nh. Nu s v qu nhiu hay qu t, nhit tm sn phm thay i, nh hng cht lng sn phm. Ti khu lm ngui : d nhim vi sinh vt do cng nhn ng tay vo. Ti khu bao b : d nhim vi sinh vt t cng nhn. Ti khu cp ng : c th cn vi sinh vt a lnh trn sn phm. Ti khu r kim loi : kim tra nh k phng my h. Ti khu bo qun : xut nhp hng phi nhanh chng, nu chm lm nhit trong kho tng, to iu kin vi sinh vt pht trin.
Trang 65
CHNG 4 : GII THIU MY MC
Trang 66
1. My xay trc vt Thit b s dng l my xay trc vt. My c s dng xay cc loi sn phm c cu trc tt, c bit l cc loi tht.
Hnh 3.3: a sang v dao
1 0 8 7 6
1. ng tr 2. Vt t 3. Phu np 4- 6. Li dao hnh ch thp
5-7. a sng 8. ng lt 9. V lng 10. Trc
Hnh 3.5: Mt ct my xay trc vt
Trang 67
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Bn trong ng tr c trc vt, trn trc vt c cc ren hnh xon c; cng
v cui trc vt, bc ren cng gim vi mc ch to p lc y nguyn liu qua a sng vo cc con dao ch thp mi sc hai cnh. ng lt c tc dng gi cht a sng v dao. My c 2 a sng c ng knh ln v ng knh nh. -
Trong qu trnh chuyn ng, trc truyn chuyn ng cho vt v lm V lng ca my c cc ren c vn gi cht dao ch thp v a sng. C 2 loi a sng thng c s dng: a c kch thc l 6mm v Cng sut thit b: 1 tn/h u v nhc im: u im Cu to v vn hnh n gin. C th dng xay nhiu loi nguyn liu khc nhau. D v sinh.
cc dao ch thp v a sng ng yn trong qu trnh lm vic.
a c kch thc l 8mm.
Nhc im Phi thay i a sng c ng knh l sng ph hp vi yu cu xay nguyn liu. Cc s c thng gp: My s dng t 1- 2 nm th thng h bc n nn phi thay. Dao thng xuyn phi mi.
o o
Trang 68
2.Thit b ly tm o Cu to:
1.ng c 2.Dy ai 3.Bnh ai ch ng
4.Bnh ai b ng 5.Lng quay 6-7 Trc quay chuyn ng Hnh 3.8 : My ly tm
o Thng s k thut Ngun gc: c Hng sn xut: STEIMEL Sn xut nm: 1969 S vng/ pht: 1000v/ pht. o Nguyn l hot ng ng c quay truyn chuyn ng cho dy ai nh bnh ai ch ng. Dy ai truyn chuyn ng cho bnh ai b ng. Bnh ai truyn chuyn ng cho lng quay thng qua trc truyn ng.
Trang 69
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Lng quay quay lm cho nguyn liu quay theo, di tc ng ca lc ly tm lm cho nc trong nguyn liu thot qua cc l trn lng quay. Lng quay quay cng nhanh th nc thot ra cng nhiu. o u v nhc im
-
u im:
* Thit b n gin, d s dng. * D lm v sinh. * Nguyn liu c ly tm trit nc.
Nhc im: khi hot ng vi tc cao d gy ting n, do iu chnh tc thch hp khng gy ting n khi s dng.
3.Thit b cp ng Thit b cp ng bng chuyn ca hng MYCOM. y l dng thit b lnh ng nguyn liu dng ri vi thi gian lm lnh ngn (IQF) o Cc thng s k thut
Mi cht lm lnh s dng l NH3. Chiu di bng ti: 9m. Chiu rng bng ti: 1m. Nng sut: 259 kg/h. Thi gian cp ng ti a l 40 pht. Nhit trong t ng: -400C.
o Nguyn l hot ng T ng l phng cch nhit, cch m, dng hnh hp ch nht vi chiu di ln hn rt nhiu so vi chiu ngang. Thc phm c xp thnh mt lp khng tip xc nhau trn bng chuyn kim loi c dng tm phng v c a vo t ng. tng trao i nhit v hn ch s bm dnh ca sn phm, trn bng ti thng gn b phn to rung. Trong t ng c nhiu dn lnh, qut gi t pha trn bng chuyn. Chng to ra dng khng kh lnh chuyn ng ngang trn b mt bng chuyn v thnh phm. Bng chuyn c h s truyn nhit ln nn n c nhit thp hn thnh phm. V vy, thnh phm c lm lnh. cc ca ra vo ca bng Trang 70
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE chuyn c tm chn bng cao su hoc bng nha mm hn ch khng kh i lu qua ca m. Tc bng ti c iu chnh tu theo kch thc, cu trc ca thnh phm khi cp ng xong nhit tm sn phm t theo yeu cau la c. Nhit trong t gim dn theo ng i ca thc phm. chnh lch nhit khng kh nhiu do chng t ng i lu vi nhau. o u - nhc im u im Thit b hot ng t ng. Vic vn chuyn thc phm nh bng chuyn chuyn ng lin tc, hn ch c s ch i sn phm trc khi cp ng. Nng sut sn xut tng i ln. Nhc im Thit b ny khng ph hp vi qu trnh sn xut nh, khng n nh v i hi sn phm cp ng phi lin tc th mi t hiu qu cng mt hng hoc nng sut. sut my.
Hnh 3.10 : Thit b cp ng bng chuyn
Trang 71
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE 4.Thit b r kim loi - My r kim loi lin tc, c bng chuyn vn chuyn bn thnh phmi qua b phn cm bin c t tnh pht hin kim loi. - Kch thc kim loi pht hin : St : 1 mm Cc kim loi khc : > 1.5mm - Nng sut kim tra ca my : 1 gi thnh phm dng 1kg trong 2s.
Trang 72
Hnh 3.11 : My r kim loi
Thc hin : Cng nhn s t ln bng chuyn ca my cc bao bn thnh
phm. Nu c kim loi, my lp tc dng li v cng nhn s loi bao bn thnh phm .
5.Thit b hp Nguyn l hot ng: - My c cp hi nc qu nhit ( 1000C) t ni hi thng qua ng dn. - p sut c iu p bng van t ng, ngoi ra p sut c quan st v iu chnh van tay thng qua p k. - Hi nc s lm chn bnh (nhit tm 850C ) nhit v p sut ( 3 kg/cm2) c qui c trong l hi. Cc bc vn hnh: - Chun b v lm v sinh sch s thit b. - Chun b cc khay bnh t ln trn dng khung inox. - y dng khung inox vo trong l hp bng xe y. - ng ca l hp v bt u m van cho hi nc t l hi vo. - nh thi lng vi p sut v nhit qui c. Hi nc s l chn sn phm (nhit tm 850C ). p sut trong qu trnh s c iu p bng van t ng v van tay p ng yu cu cht lng ca sn phm. - ng van l hi. M ca l, ko dn khung inox vi cc khay bnh chuyn qua cng on lm ngui. - Tip tc tng t vi cc t bnh khc. Trang 73
CHNG 5: H THNG QUN L CHT LNG V X L MI TRNG
Trang 74
1.1 H THNG X L NC NGM

Cng ty c h thng x l nc ngm cung cp nc sch t tiu chun v sinh ca Cng nghip thc phm. S h thng x l nc : Nc ging
Bnh lc
B cha
Thp nc
S dng Hnh 1.11 : S h thng x l nc
Trang 75
Hnh 1.12 : H thng x l nc

- Nc ngm : c hnh thnh trong lng t l do nc b mt thm xung v
chy trong lng t. Do cch hnh thnh nh trn nn nc ngm c lc mt cch t nhin khi thm qua cc lp t nn tng i sch. Ging nc ngm ca Cng ty c su khong 120m. - Nc ging bm ln c x l c hc v ha hc, sau bm ln thp cao 25m. T y nc c phn phi n ton khu vc trong Cng ty. o X l c hc : Nc c a qua 10 bnh lc c t song song vi nhau thnh 2 hng. Trong cch bnh sp xp cc vt liu theo th t: ln, dm, ct ln, ct mn v sau cng l than hot tnh loi b tp cht c kch thc ln trong nc v kh mi. o X l ha hc: ha cht s dng l chlorine v natri hydroxyt. Nc ging sau khi x l c hc c bm ln gin phun, ti y c mt ng ng nh lng chlorine v natri hydroxyt t ng tiu dit vi sinh vt
Trang 76
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE 1.2 .KIM SOT CHT THI Cht thi ti Cng ty ch yu thuc loi cht hu c, h thng thot nc c thit k theo h thng cng chm nn khng nh hng n mi trng sn xut v khu vc. Khu vc ch bin c xy dng bit lp, thng thong, c ra st trng thng xuyn bng nc c pha Chlorine. Ph liu: v Tm, v Khoai, v Sn,... nhanh chng vn chuyn ra khi khu vc ch bin, c phng ph liu ring v c chuyn khi Cng ty thng xuyn trong ngy ch bin thc n gia sc, nui c hoc lm phn bn. Cht thi chia lm 2 loi : cht thi lng v cht thi rn
Cht thi lng
c tp trung vo khu x l nc thi. Cc h ga u c np y, c tm li chn lc cc cht thi. nh k khai thng cng rnh, h ga mi thng 1 ln. Sau khi c x l s cho thot ra knh bn ngoi. Ph liu, ph phm thng xuyn c chuyn ra khi khu vc ch bin Ph liu c thu dn lin tc trnh gy nhim, ly nhim. Ph liu c bn cho nhng ni ch bin thc n gia sc, lm phn bn Ni cha ph liu kn, c li i ring, d v sinh v kh trng xa khu Cc dng c cha ph liu chuyn dng thng xuyn c ra bng
Cht thi rn
cng sm cng tt v tp trung trong phng cha ph liu.
vc thnh phm trnh s ly nhim. nc c pha Chlorine.
Trang 77
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE 1.3 QUY TRNH X L NC THI

Quy trnh cng ngh: NC THI
NGN TIP NHN Kh

SC R
Nc tch bn
B IU HA
B LNG T 1 Bn hon lu Kh B SINH HC HIU KH B NN BN
B LNG T 2
HT BN NH K
DD CHLORINE KH TRNG
B TIP XC
NGUN TIP NHN Bng M t s cng ngh h thng x l nc thi
Trang 78
M T S CNG NGH H THNG X L NC THI
Nc thi (NT) t cc phn xng theo mng li thot nc ring qua song chn rc c dn n ngn tip nhn, ti y c b tr bm nhng chm. Song chn rc c nhim v gi li v loi b rc v cc tp cht v c c kch thc ln nh bao ni lng, giy, vi vn, si, nhm trnh gy h hi bm hoc tc nghn cc cng trnh pha sau. Rc s c vt nh k sau thu gom li v a n h rc. Nc sau khi qua song chn rc t chy vo b iu ha. B iu ha c tc dng iu ha lu lng v nng nc thi, trnh hin tng qu ti vo cc gi cao im, do gip h thng x l lm vic n nh ng thi gim kch thc cc cng trnh n v tip theo sau. Trong b iu ha c b tr h thng thi kh. Tc dng ca h thng ny l xo trn nc thi ng thi cung cp oxy nhm gim mt phn BOD. T b iu ha nc thi tip tc c bm vo b lng ri vo b x l sinh hc hiu kh. Trong b sinh hc ny cc cht hu c ha tan v khng ha tan chuyn ha thnh bng bn sinh hc qun th vi sinh vt hiu kh c kh nng lng di tc dng ca trng lc. Nc thi chy lin tc vo b sinh hc trong kh c a vo cng xo trn vi bn. Sau khi lu nc thi gian cn thit nc trong b sinh hc hiu kh tip tc chy qua b lng. B lng c nhim v lng v tch bn hot tnh ra khi nc thi. Bn sau khi lng c hm lng SS = 8000 mg/L, mt phn s tun hon tr li b sinh hc (25-75% lu lng) bo m nng vi sinh trong b iu kin phn hy nhanh cc cht hu c, ng thi n nh nng MLSS = 2000 mg/L. m bn hot tnh dao ng khong 98,5 99,5%. Lu lng bn d Qw thi ra mi ngy c bm vo b nn bn. Nc thi tip tc c a qua b tip xc vi cht kh trng chlorine. Ngoi mc ch kh trng, chlorine cn c th s dng gim mi. Hm lng chlorine cn thit kh trng cho nc sau lng, 3-5 mg/L. Thi gian tip xc loi b vi sinh khong 20-40 pht. Nc thi sau khi qua b tip xc chlorine t tiu chun x ra ngun loi B. B nn bn tip nhn bn d t b lng. Nhim v ca b nn bn lm gim th tch bn t m trn 99% xung 95-96%. Lng bn nn sau c ly nh k v ch ni qui nh hoc c th dng lm phn bn cho cy xanh.
Trang 79
1.4 CC QUY PHM V V SINH CHUN (SSOP) CA CNG TY

SSOP1: AN TON NGUN NC 1.Yu cu: - Nc tip xa trc tip vi thc phm hoc cc b mt tip xa vi thc phm phi ly t ngun nc an ton, c nhit ph hp p ng c yu cu v sinh dung trong cng nghip thc phm thep quy nh 1329/BYT-QD ca b Y T. 2.Thc trng cng ty: - Hin nay cng ty x dng ngun nc ngm qua x l. S x l nc ca cng ty Nc ging Gian phun ma Bnh lc B cha Thp nc S dng -Cch x l nc ngm ca cng ty: + Nc ging s c phun ln gin phun ma , trn ng i c mt ng c nh lng clorine v NaOH t ng tiu dit vi sinh vt v iu chnh PH ca nc. Trang 80
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE + Ti gin phun ma, nc c phun xung to iu kin cho cc ion kim loi kt hp vi oxy khng kh chuyn thnh oxit kim loi ch yu l Fe2O3.Sau c a ra 10 bnh lc, cc bnh lc ny c t song song vi nhau. + Bn trong cc bnh lc c cha cc dng c lc loi cc tp cht nng v kh mi bng than hot tnh. Trong qu trnh lc, nc s c duy chuyn qua cc lp ln, dm, ct ln, ct mn v cui cng l than hot tnh.Vi sinh vt v cc vt th trong nc s b gi li cc lp ct mn cui cng. Lp lc thng xuyn c v sinh. + Nc sau khi lc xong s a qua b lng v c a ln thp cao 25m v t thp ny nc s c phn phi n ton x nghip. + Ton b h thng n ng nc cung cp nc lm bng nha. + Khng c bt k s ni cho no gia cc ng ng qua x l v ng ng cha qua x l. + H thng bon, x l nc, b cha nc, ng ng nc thng xuyn c lm v sinh v trong tnh trng bo tr tt. 3.Cc th tc cn thc hin: + Ly mu nc ti cc v tr nh theo k hoch ly mu nc c ph duyt, em i phn tch ti phng th nghim ca cng ty. Vic ly mu c tin hnh theo ng quy nh trong ch th 98/83/EEC v nu c th trong k hoch hng nm. + Cch ly mu: *M n cn t nh xung quanh ming vi nc kh trng. *M van cho nc chy khong 2 pht. Khi m van cn u chnh sao cho nc chy y ming vi, khng m qu ln lm cho nc bn tung te. * Dng bnh xt cn kh trng tay v dung n cn t nh xung quanh ming bnh thy tinh ch mu. * M np bnh, nhanh chng hng nc t vi. Ch khng nc trn ra ming bnh hoc vng ra ngoi. * Vn kn np bnh khi nc bng 2/3 th tch bnh cha. Cho bnh ly mu vo tiPE v trng (sau khi dung cn kh trng bnh ng mu). Ghi tn, v tr
Trang 81
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE vi vo th nhn din v cho th vo ti PE chung vi bnh cha mu. Ct kn ming ti bng dy thun hoc bm bng kim bm. + Nc dung trong ch bin thc phm phi t c cc tiu chun Vit Nam nh tiu chun 1329/2002/BYT-Q B Y T. + Lm v sinh h thng x l nc ngn nga nc b nhim bn. V sinh bnh lc 1 thng/ 1 ln. V sinh b cha, thp nc 3 thng/ 1 ln. +Kim tra h thng ng ng dn nc trong x nghip. Loi b cc ng ng hng v ng ng khng cn thit Ngn nga hin tng chy nc ngc, khng ng ng b tt, b r r, khng u vi chm gp trong nc bn. 4. Phn cng thc hin v gim st - Hng ngy nhn vin ph trch x l nc phi kim tra thit b v h thng ng ng. Khi pht hin s c phi kp thi bo co v sa cha. - QC c phn cng kim tra tnh trng ca h thng cung cp nc nh k v sau mi ln lm v sinh. - QC phn cng c trch nhim kim tra , theo di kt qu phn tch mu nc ti cc vou2 quy nh mi thng mt ln ti phng kim nghim ca cng ty v mi nm 2 ln ca phng th nghim ti vin Pasteur Tp.HCM r sot tnh an ton ca nc. Nu c vn an ton v ngun nc bo co ngay cho i trng HACCP tm cch khc phc. - Tt c h s ghi chp trong qu trnh gim sot, kt qu xt nghim ha l, vi sinh v cc bin php c lien quan v nc c lu gi trong thi gian t nht 2 nm. SSOP2: AN TON NGUN NC . 1.Yu cu: - Nc dung trong sn xut thc phm phi c ly t ngun nc sch, bo m yu cu v sinh an ton thc phm. 2.Thc trng ca cng ty: - i vi nc cy: X nghip k hp ng vi ni sn xut nc bn ngoi , l ni c cng nhn v v sinh an ton thc phm ca cc c quan chc nng v cy c bo qun kho tr . Trang 82
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE - i vi vy c x nghip sn xut bng my vy. My lm nc vy trong tnh trng hot ng tt. Cc my lm bng thp khng r v c kim tra v sinh thng xuyn mi thng mt ln. - Nc c sn xut trc tip cng nh dung ch bin vy, nc dung chung cho c x nghip u c s dng ngun nc sch trn. 3. Cc th tc cn thc hin: - V sinh xe vn chuyn cy trc v sau mi ln ly . - Trong khu vc sn xut, nc vy c gi trong thng cch nhit. - Ni sn xut nc phi sch. - Cc my mc sn xut v dng c cha ng phi v sinh trc khi sn xut bng nc clotine 200ppm, sau xi li bng nc sch. - Ly mu nc em i phn tch ti phng kim nghim c cng ty. Vic ly mu phi ng theo quy nh trong ch th 98/83/EEC v nu c th trong k hoch nm. - Ly mu nc t nhiu cy khc nhau. Mi cy ly cc v tr khc nhau( dung dao cht cy thnh tng khc, p vn, trn u ri cho vo bnh ng). nc tan ht n khi nhit tang ln bng nhit phng th em kim nghim ngay khi kim tra nc thng. i vi vy cng c ly mu v kim nghim tng t. - V sinh thng cch nhit sau khi ht lng dung cho sn xut. +Vn chuyn thng cch nhit ra ni khc +Sau ti clorine vo trong v xung quanh thng cch nhit v ch sch thng bng bn chi. +Xi li bng nc thng. - Cng nhn phi eo gng tay sch trc khi tip xc vi . - Trng hp phat hin c s c an ton nc , x nghip s dng sn xut ngay lp tc xc nh thi d9eim63 xy ra s c v gi li tt c sn phm c sn xut trong thi gian c s dng nc cho n khi c bin php khc phc, ng thi xc nh nu cn, ch xut xng nhng sn phm m bo cht lng. 4. Phn cng thc hin v gim sot. -T vn hnh sn xut v cng nhn v sinh c trch nhim thc hin quy phm ny. Trang 83
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE - Trng v ph xng c trch nhim gim sot quy phm ny. - T vn hnh sn xut phi theo di thit b hng ngy, nu pht hin nhng s c phi bo co kp thi c hnh ng sa cha - QC kim tra hng ngy lng d clorine trong , trong b cha. - QC kim tra kho tr , cch v sinh kho v cc khu thit b sn xut vy - Tt c h s ghi chp trong qu trnh gim sot kt qu xt nghim ha l, vi sinh v cc bin php c lien quan v nc c lu gi trong thi gian t nht 2 nm. SSOP3: V SINH CC B MT TIP XC VI SN PHM. 1.Yu cu: Cc thit b v dng c tip xa trc tip hoc gin tip vi sn phm phi: -Lm bng vt liu khng to ra mi, v v cc cht c khng nh hng n cht lng, an ton v sinh thc phm. -c thit k m bo chu c mi trng s dng, chu c hot ca cc ha cht ty ra thc phm v cc cht v sinh. -Khng ngm nc, khng r st, khi6ng b n mn, c th ra v kh trng nhiu ln m khng b h hi. - Nhn v d lm v sinh. 2. Thc trng ca cng ty: -Tt c nhng dng c vhe61 bin , khun khay v cc b mt tip xc vi sn phm. Cc thit b u c lm bng inox hoc nhm cv c v sinh trc gi,gia gi v cui gi v cui gi sn xut. -Dng c cha ng nh r,gi, thng cha ng nguyn liu c lm bng nha. Cc dng c cha sn phm hoc ph phmu c phn b r rang bng mu sc hoc cht liu cu to trnh ln ln. - Cc dng c v sinh cng c phn bit r rng v ng ni quy nh. - Ha cht ty ra:x phng - Ha cht kh trung: clorine 12%. - H thng cung cp hi nc lm v sinh cc b mt thit b kh c ra nh dy chuyn IQF. 3. Cc th tc cn thc hin: - Chun b: Trang 84
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Ly dng c lm v sinh ti ni quy nh: bn chi, vi nc, x phng. Ch tnh chuyn dng ca dng c. -Dng clorine dng dung dch c nng 12% v sinh dng c sn xut. - Cch v sinh dng c trc gi sn xut. Ra Ra li dng c Ngm clorine Clorine 90 100ppm Thi gian 3 5 pht Ra li bng nc Lau kh Xt cn 700
Trang 85
Gia gi sn xut:
Ton b dng c Trng cn ln
Ch sch cn bm cng v cn nh bng bn chi Ra bng nc thng i vi dng c khng tip xc vi du m Ngm clorine(90-100ppm, T=5 pht) Ra li bng nc thng Lau kh Ra li bng nc thng Xt cn 700 Lau kh Xt cn 700 Ra sch bng nc thng Ngm clorine(90-100ppm, T=5 pht) Ra bng x phng i vi dng c du m
Trang 86
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Khi kt thc sn xut:
Ton b dng c trong khu vc sn xut c v sinh nh sau: Ton b dng c Trng cn ln Dng bn chi ch sch cn cng v cn nh Ra bng x phng Ra li bng nc thng Ngm clorine(90-100ppm, T=5 pht) Ngm dng c qua m vi dung dch clorine 50-60ppm Ring i vi khan th sau khi x sch x bng th ngm qua m trong H2O2 0,04% (25CC/30 lt nc) V sinh cc trang thit b my chuyn dung: + Ngi iu khin my phi c hiu bit v my, chu trch nhim v sinh my do mnh ph trch. + Khi kt thc sn xut,ton b my chuyn dung nh: my xay, my phi trn, my ct, my ly tm, l hp, my cp ng, my qut,.c v sinh nh au:
Trang 87
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Tho cc ph tng thuc phn lp rp tip xc bn thnh phm Trng ton b ph kin bng nc thng Dng bn chi ch sch cn bm Ra bng x phng Ra li bng nc thng Ngm clorine(90-100ppm, T=5 pht)
ro Lau kh bng khn kh sch + Thi gian tin hnh v sinh. i vi my ct, my qut cng nhn s v sinh V sinh bng chuyn ca my cp ng. Khi kt thc sn xut, ton b my cp Tt my cp ng, m tt c cc ca bung ng xt nc cho n khi tan bng ngay khi x l xong 1 loi sn phm. ng bang chuyn( bao gm c bang ti hng) c v sinh nh sau: ton b trong bung ng, dn qut, cc gc trn mt bng chuyn Gom tt c cc sn phm ri vi trong qu trnh ch bin v a v ph liu. + Cho mt bng chuyn chy vi tc thch ng lm v sinh. Cc bc lm V sinh bang chuyn trong qu trnh sn xut: v sinh cng ging nh dng c sau ch bin: Khi mt bang chuyn hot ng, b tr 1 cng nhn ng u bang chuyn xi ln mt bang chuyn dung dch Javen vi nng 30-50ppm. V sinh bang chuyn trc khi sn xut hay chuyn i mt hang cp ng khng cng tnh cht:
Trang 88
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Cho mt bng chuyn chy khng ti, xi nc ch x phng tua, xi li bng nc sch ( tua) . Sau xi dung dch Javen 120-150ppm. Xi li bng n sch. + + + V sinh kh trng gng tay v ym Trc khi sn xut: Ra sch bng nc sch Dng bn chi v x phng ra sch Ngm dung dch clorine 200ppm trong 10 pht Ra sch bng nc sch ri phi cho kh nc, bo qun ni quy nh. Giua ca sn xut: Dng nc sch v x phng ra, treo ti ni quy nh Sau khi sn xut: Gng tay c ra sch bn trong ln bn ngoi nc sch, sau lau kh trc khi mang vo tay. Ym trc khi vo sn xut c ra bng nc sch. 4. Phn cng v thc hin gim sot Cng nhn ti mi khu vc phi thc hin nhng quy nh trn. SSOP4: NGN NGA S NHIM CHO 1. 2. 3. Yu cu: Ngn nga s nhim bn t cc vt th khng sch vo sn phm, t nhng vt Khng s nhim cho xy ra t sn phm sng sang sn phm chn. Thc trng cng ty: Cc phng ch bin c thit k m bo dy chuyn sn xut khp kn to Cu trc nh my v b tr mt bng sn xut ca x nghip m bo cch ly Cng nhn vn chuyn hng sng v hng chnh c phn bit. Mt s thnh phm v bn thnh phm c vn chuyn bng thang my. Nn, tng, ca v cc vt th c nh khc c cu trc d lm v sinh, khng Cc th tc cn thc hin. Trang 89
liu bao gi v cc b mt tip xc vi sn phm.
khu u n cui, vic xp xp thi gian cho tt c cc khu rt hp l. hon ton cc cng on sn xut.
tch t cht bn ly nhim vo bn thnh phm v thnh phm.
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Cc dng c, b mt tip xc vi sn phm, tay cng nhn, gng tay, ym phi Sau khi tip xc vi vt th khng sch phi lm v sinh v kh trng tay, gng Dng c ch bin hng chnh v hng sng phi ng ring bit, c phn bit Khng ch nh cng nhn lm vic khu thc phm sng sang lm vic khu
c lm v sinh v kh trng sau khi gii lao vo u mi ca. tay trc khi tip xc vi sn phm. vi nhau bng mu sc, hnh dng, kch thc. thc phm chn. Nu cn ch nh th QC phi m bo rng nhng cng nhn v sinh tay, gng tay, qun o bo h lao ng sch s trc khi sang lm vic khu thc phm chn. 4. Khng thc phm sng khu vc ch bin thc phm chn. Phn cng thc hin v gim st. Trng, ph xng, cc t trng c nhim v phn cng gaim1 st qui phm
ny. Cng nhn tham gia sn xut ch bin, t v sinh c trch nhim thc hin qui phm ny. C 4 gi mi ln, QC s theo di cc hot ng ny v ghi nhn vo biu mu SSOP 5: V SINH C NHN 1. 2. Yu cu: Cng nhn trc tip sn xut phi c trch nhim, tinh thn t gic duy tr iu Cng nhn phi c kin thc c bn i vi cc yu cu v v sinh thc phm Thc trng cng ty: Cc im ra tay, ch nhng tay, bn chy, x phng, bnh xt cn, vt dng kim tra.
kin v sinh tt trc khi bt u v trong thi gian sn xut. trong sn xut.
ln tc, thau nc trong c khn sch c t ti cc ca ra vo ca khu ch bin thc phm. Bn nhng ng c t ca ra vo ca mi khu vc ch bin, khong 2-3 gi Nh v sinh nam n ring bit, sch s c y vt dng nh x bng, bn thay nc mt ln. chi, giy v sinh v khn lau tay sao khi v sinh xong. Trang 90
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE 3. 1. Cc th tc cn thc hin: Qui phm v sinh c nhn trc khi vo phng ch bin: Cng nhn khi vo ch bin phi c sc khe tt, khng b mc cc bnh truyn
+ Sc khe: nhim, ri lon tiu ha, tiu chy hoc mc bnh c th ly nhim cho sn phm nh b bng, c vt thng b nhim trng, b bnh ngoi da. phm. + bo h lao ng: + Tay: Mng tay phi ct ngn, sch, khng b try xc,b bnh ngoi da. i vi cng nhn ca cc khu yu cu mang bao tay pho c bao tay sch v Phi c git sch sau mi ca ch bin, c treo ring bit khng ln ln vi Khu trang, nn, ym phi sch s kh ro. ng phi ch ra sch s, ni ring bit. Khi thay ng, giy dp ca tng c qun o khc v tay phi sch trc khi mt bo h lao ng. Nu c mc phi cc bnh trn phi bo co ngay vi ngi c trch nhim gii quyt cho ngh iu tr hoc b tr cng vic ph hp, khng nh hng xu n sn
nhn phi b gn vo bao xp ngay ngn trn k ring.
c kh trng. + Tc, t trang: 2. Tc phi gn gang v phi c bc kn trong nn bo h. Khng c eo bt k t trang no (khoen, nhn, dy chuyn) v cc vt Cch v sinh c nhn khi vo phng ch bin:
dng kim loi vo phng sn xut. + Mc bo h lao ng vo, dng nn li bc kn tc trc sau i nn trm ln khng tc a ra ngoi. Ra nn c nhn gn vo bn trong c o bo h. + Khu trang phi che kn mi, ming. + ng qun phi tm gn khi mang ng. + Sau khi xong cc yu cu trn, cng nhn phi thc hin tt hai bc sau trc khi vo phng sn xut. Li qua b nhng ng c cha nc chlorine nng 200-300ppm. Trang 91
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE 3. Thc hin thao tc ra tay: Tay o phi c vn ln pha trn ci nh. Dng chn p bn p pha di bn nc nc chy ra, ra tay qua mt Sau nh bn p, dng tay n bnh x phng, ra tay bng x phng ln tn Tip theo ra tay li bng mt ln nc na cho ht lp x phng. Ngi trc trn s dng cy ln tc trn o. Sau i vo khu vc ch bin, Khng c dng tay s vo khu trang, nn hoc bt k th g khi tay v Cch v sinh c nhn khi cn i ra ngoi (i v sinh, n cm, ung nc)
ln nc. khuu tay.
dng ci ch gt tm bt nha che ca i vo. sinh xong. + Cng nhn phi bo co vi t trng hoc t ph ni mnh ang lm. + Ra tay, ra ym sch s v treo ym ng ni quy nh. + Sau ln phng thay bo h lao ng ra, k c giy. + Khi tr li phng ch bin phi tun th thao tc v sinh c nhn ging nh trc khi vo phng ch bin. 4.V sinh c nhn trc khi kt thc cng vic: Ra cc dng c ch bin ( dao, gng tay, khay) ti bn ra trong phng ch Ch sch cc cn, mnh vn ca sn phm dnh trn dng c bng bn chi. bin bng x phng. Ngm dng c vo dung dch chlorine c nng 50-100ppm trong 2-3 pht ri trng li bng nc sch. Ra sch gang tay, ym v treo ng quy nh. giy ng ch quy nh.
5.Phi loi tr cc tt xu nh: lau chi tay vo qun o, gi u, chi mi. Nu vi phm th phi thc hin li thao tc ra tay mi tip tc lm vic. 4. Phn cng thc hin v gim st: Hng ngy cng nhn v sinh phi kim tra cc phng tin v sinh, kh trng
tay, chn, nu pht hin c h hng phi kp thi bo co.
Trang 92
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE QC trc nht kim tra tnh trng v sinh, cc phng tin v sinh v kh trng
tay, chn cng nhn, kim tra cht ty ra, khn lau tay, nng chlorine trc khi bt u vo sn xut v 4 gi mt ln. 1. 2. inox. Ti cc khu vc s dng hi nc nng ( khu hp, luc) trong phng ch bin u c trang b h thng qut ht hi, trnh tnh trng ngng t hi nc cc cu trc pha trn v tng. 3. Cc th tc cn thc hin: Trong sut qu trnh ch bin lun kim tra, gim st m bo sn phm v Sp xp dng c ch bin, dng c cha ng ng ni qui nh. Kim tra iu kin v sinh ca tt c cc khu vc ch bin vi tn sut 2 Hng tun thc hin tng v sinh ton x nghip. Lp chng trnh bo tr thng xuyn cho h thng thng gi trong khu vc Tt c cc loi du nhn thuc loi thc thm dng trong x nghip phi khng Trong sut thi gian sn xut, kt qu kim tra c ghi chp trong bo co Cc kt qu gim st c lu tr vo h s t nht 2 nm. SSOP 6: BO V SN PHM KHNG B NHIM BN Yu cu: Khng thc phm, bao b v cc b mt tip xc vi sn phm b nhim bn Thc trng cng ty: Nguyn liu, bn thnh phm, thnh phm trong sut qu trnh ch bin c Dng c cha ng, dng c ch bin bng inox c xp gn trn k bng kim tra v sinh c nhn hng ngy.
bi cc tc nhn gy nhim.
thc hin trn bng inox v khng tip xc trc tip vi sn nh.
cc dng c cha ng sn phm khng c tip xc trc tip vi sn nh.
ln/ngy.
nhm ngn nga vic kt t trong cc khu vc ch bin v lu gi thc phm. c hi v c lu gi xa cc loi du nhn khng thuc loi thc phm, c dn nhn ng cch.
Trang 93
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE 4. ny. Hng ngy, QC s kim tra, ghi chp tnh trng v sinh ca khu vc ch bin. SSOP 7: S DNG BO QUN NG CCH CC HA CHT 1. 2. ton. 3. X nghip lun c kha o to cng nhn v cch s dng ha cht c hi. Cc th tc cn thc hin: Lit k ton b ha cht c v khng c ang s dng, tin hnh ghii nhn Mi loi ha cht c sp xp v ghi tn r rng t ti v tr c nh trnh Ha cht dit cn trng c bo qun trong t ring, kha cn thn v giao cho Ha cht ty ra, ha cht kh trng c ng trong thng kn c np y Ha cht s dng cn trong hn s dung. Ch c ngi c thm quyn mi c phn phi ha cht n ni c nhu cu Yu cu: m bo vic s dng v bo qun ha cht khng gy hi cho sn phm. Thc trng cng ty: Kho ha cht v ph gia c b tr ring bit vi khu vc sn xut. Ha cht c hi v cht ph gia c tc ring trong kho bo qun. S dng cht ty ra v kh trng theo ng qui nh ca b y t. Cc loi ha cht c hng dn c th v cch s dng v bin php gi an Cc sn phm trong qu trnh vn chuyn phi u c vt liu bao che l vt Phn cng thc hin v gim st: Trng, ph xng phn cng gim st qui phm ny. Th kho, t v sinh v cng nhn sn xut chu trch nhim thc hin qui phm
liu bao gi PP, PE, HDPE c kim tra v sinh.
cho tng loi. khng nhm ln vi cc ha cht khc. ngi c trch nhim qun l. chc chn, bo qun khu vc kh ro, thng thong.
v km theo cc bin bn cng nh vic hng dn s dng. Trang 94
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE 4. ny. a. b. c. T v sinh, t trc v sinh, cng nhn tham gia ch bin c trch nhim thc QC v th kho phi ghi nhn cho tng loi ha cht khi nhp kho. Cc h s lu tr gm: Danh mc ha cht s dng trong x nghip. H s theo di vic nhp, xut ha cht. Biu mu theo di vic s dng hng ngy. Cc h s ghi chp trong qu trnh gim st phi lu tr t nht 2 nm. SSOP 8: KIM TRA SC KHE CNG NHN 1. 2. 3. Yu cu: m bo cng nhn khng l ngun ly nhim vo thc phm. Thc trng cng ty: Hin ti cng ty c mt phng y t lm nhim v chm sc sc khe cho cng Cc th tc cn thc hin: Cng nhn khi c tuyn dng phi c giy chng nhn sc khe y ca Tt c cng nhn v cn b trong phn xng c khm sc khe nh k 6 hin quy phm ny. Kho bo qun ha cht phi c qut ht, c v sinh mi ngy, lun gi kho Khi s dng phi theo hng dn s dng c ghi trn nhn. Khi pht hin ha cht b chy nc, b bin cht hay ht hn dng th phi Trng hp pht hin s c khi s dng ha cht c cn tin hnh ngng sn Phn cng thc hin v gim st: Trng, ph xng, cc t trng c trch nhim phn cng gim st quy phm
thong mt v kh ro.
bo co cho cp trn x l kp thi. xut. Tm nguyn nhn, nh gi mc v ra cc bin php sa cha.
nhn ng thi t chc kim tra sc khe nh k cho cng nhn 6 thng/ln.
c quan y t c thm quyn. thng/ln.
Trang 95
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Ngi ang mc bnh truyn nhim, vt thng nhim trng u khng c Kim tra tnh trng sc khe v sinh trc khi vo v trong qu trnh sn xut.
lm vic trong phn xng ch bin thc phm. Nu pht hin ngi mang bnh truyn nhim, mn nht, vt thng nhim trng th cho php ngh cha bnh. Cng nhn khi mc bnh ni trn phi iu tr cho ht bnh khi tr li lm vic phi c giy chng nhn sc khe hoc nhn vin QC phi trc tip kim tra khng nh ht bnh. 4. Ra quyt nh yu cu cng nhn t gic khai bo tnh trng bnh, c hng Phn cng thc hin v gim st: Trng, ph xng c trch nhim gim st qui phm ny. Cng nhn tham gi sn xut thc hin cc qui nh v kim tra sc khe trc B phn y t c trch nhim t chc, khm sc khe nh k. C trch nhim x l ph hp, trnh ly nhim vo thc phm.
khi tuyn dng v nh k hng nm. gim st v lu tr h s lin quan n vic iu tr ca cng nhn mc bnh trong sut qu trnh lm vic. SSOP 9: KIM SOT NG VT GY HI 1. 2. 3. Yu cu: Khng cn trng xm nhp vo bt k mt khu vc no trong x nghip. X nghip c thit k sao cho gim thiu nguy c gy nhim thc phm cc m bo ngn nga v tiu dit hiu qu ng vt gy hi, trnh ly nhim vo Thc trng cng ty: Trc ca ra vo phng ch bin c gn h thng n dit rui, cn trng. Cc h gas, cng thot nc c li hoc np y. Ca ra vo phng ch bin l ca t ng v m bo kn. X nghip s dng by t cc v tr theo quy nh trn s dit chut. Cc th tc cn thc hin:
giao din tip xc vi thc phm v vt liu ng gi thc phm. thc phm.
Trang 96
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE Thng xuyn kim tra mn chn cn trng, m bo ngn chn cn trng xm
nhp v kim tra bo tr n by cn trng hot ng c hiu qu, mt tun v sinh mt ln. Cch v sinh cc thit b dit cn trng: tt n, i vi b phn bng nha th ta lau bng x phng, i vi b phn bng kim loi th ta lau bng cn sau ra sch bng nc. Cun bng keo dnh cn trng th mt tun thay mt ln. Thng xuyn dn v chuyn ph liu, ph phm ra khi phng ch bin. Lp s by chut v k hoch t by. Mc mi bng thc n khng tm ha Thng ng ph liu phi trang b np y trnh to iu kin dn d cn trng. cht. Trong trng hp trong thi gian di khng by c chut th gim tn s t by. Dng ha cht dit cn trng phun trong v bn ngoi khu sn xut vo cui ngy, tn xut 2 ngy/ln. 4. Vch tng khng c k nt, hc kt, trnh rui b chen vo n np. Rnh thot nc trong phn xng phi c tm li chn ch thot nc. Nh v sinh c ca kn o nhm khng cho chut b, rui nhng xm nhp. Phn cng thc hin v gim st: Trng, ph xng chu trch nhim gim st qui phm ny. T v sinh c trch nhim thc hin qui phm ny. iu hnh sn xut c nhim v kim tra v t chc vic sa cha, bo tr mn QC kim tra v sinh khu vc tp trung ph liu hng ngy, t chc vic phun Vic kim tra, gim st k hoch thc hin c ghi chp vo phiu kim tra v SSOP 10: KIM SOT CHT THI 1. 2. + Yu cu: m bo hot ng ca h thng thu gom x l cht thi khng gy nhim Thc trng cng ty: Cht thi ca x nghip chia lm 2 loi: Cht thi lng: Trang 97
chn, n by cn trng, h thng ca ra vo khu sn xut. thuc dit cn trng v t by theo k hoch. sinh, kim sot ng vt gy hi v lu tr h s t nht 2 nm.
cho sn phm.
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE + X nghip hin ang nng cp h thng x l nc thi. H thng thot nc khng b ng. Cht thi rn: Ni cha ph liu kn, c li i ring, d v sinh v kh trng, c t xa khu Cc ph phm ca nguyn liu nh v tm, v khoai, v sn c ng trong
vc thnh phm trnh ly nhim. thng cha ring, c np y, c thu gom v lin tc vn chuyn nhanh chng ra khi kho sn xut khi s ch xong bng phng tin ring ca x nghip. 3. 4. Cc th tc cn thc hin: K hiu phn bit thng ng ph liu cc cng on, trnh nhm ln vi Cng nhn v sinh phi thng xuyn thu gom v chuyn ph liu ra khi khu Lm v sinh thng cha ph liu, lm v sinh khu vc tp trung ph liu ca x Cc h gas phi c np y, c tm li chn lc cht thi. nh k lm v sinh cng rnh, h gas mi ngy sau khi sn xut,kim tra s Phn cng thc hin v gim st: T v sinh, cng nhn trong qu trnh sn xut s chuyn ph liu ra khu nhim
dng c cha sn phm. vc ch bin. nghip vi tn sut 1 ngy/ln.
chy ngc.
v kim tra vic lm v sinh trn vi tn sut 2 ln/ngy.
H THNG QUN L CHT LNG

S dng h thng qun l cht lng theo tiu chun HACCP v ISO. H thng HACCP da trn nn tng khoa hc v c h thng. H thng ny
nhn bit cc mi nguy c bit v cc bin php kim sot cc mi nguy m bo an ton thc phm. HACCP l cng c nh gi cc mi nguy v lp thnh h thng kim sot tp trung vo vic ngn nga hn l da vo thu nghim sn phm cui cng. Bt c h thng HACCP no cng c kh nng cung cp s tin b trong thit k thit b, k thut ch bin hoc phng trnh k thut.
Trang 98
TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE HACCP c th c ng dng trong sut dy chuyn thc phm t nh my x
l s b n ngy sn xut cui cng. Vic ng dng h hng HACCP c hng dn bi cn c khoa hc v ri ro i vi sc khe,. Cng vi vic p dng h thng HACCP cn h tr cc c quan kim tra nh nc trong hoat6 ng kim tra v thc y thng mi quc t nh tin cy v ATTP lu hn. Vic ng dng thnh cng HACCP i hi s cam kt v tham gia lnh o v ton th cng nhn. Vic ng dng HACCP thch hp vi vic ng dng cc h thng qun l cht lng nh ISO 9001 v h thng ny c chn qun l an ton thc phm. u im: p ng c yu cu cu ca ngi tiu dng hin nay. Giam chi ph chung cho x hi. To c nim tin cho ngi tiu dng. Ngoi ra x nghip cng c cp giy chng nhn ISO 9001 2008. V vy sn
xut ca cng ty c ci tin. Khc phc c nhng khc bit tiu chun, phng thc lm n ca quc gia, trnh s kim tra lp li nhiu ln t lm gim chi ph thng mi choc cc quc gia.
Trang 99
KT LUN
Cng ty CPCBHXK Cu Tre l mt cng ty sn xut v ch bin cc sn phm thc phm a dng v phong ph, t ngun nguyn liu l thu, hi sn; nng sn v sc sn. Trong , mt hng sn phm H Co c sn xut kh n nh t xa n nay. Cng ty lun ly cht lng v an ton v sinh t ln hng u. Vic p dng h thng qun l cht lng v an ton thc phm theo tiu chun ISO v HACCAP c Cng ty t chc v thc hin thnh cng. V vy, sn phm H Co cng nh cc sn phm khc ca Cng ty lun m bo tiu chun cht lng, v sinh an ton thc phm, to c nim tin cho ngi tiu dng trong v ngoi nc. Nhm chung, d mi sn phm c mt c trng ring, khc nhau c bn v mt s thnh phn nguyn liu v hnh dng sn phm, tuy nhin cc mt hng ny u c mt quy trnh ch bin chung gm cc cng on chnh nh sau: - S ch nguyn liu. - Phi ch. - nh hnh. - Bao b. - Cp ng. - R kim loi. - ng gi thnh phm. V lc lng lao ng, phn ln lao ng trong Cng ty l lao ng th cng cc khu s ch, nh hnh, bao b v c ng gi; bn cnh , Cng ty c trang b my mc hin i khu phi trn, ly tm, r kim koi, p ht chn khng, cp ng bng chuyn t ng. Trn th trng tiu th, sn phm ca Cng ty c bnh chn l Hng Vit Nam cht lng cao trong nhiu nm lin n nay, l mt trong nhng n v ch bin thc phm hng u trong nc v c uy tn th trng Quc t.
Trang 100
TI LIU THAM KHO

[1] - L Bch Tuyt v cc cng s, Cc qu trnh cng ngh c bn trong sn xut thc phm,NXB Gio dc, H Ni 1996 [2] - Phan Hong Thi, Bo qun v ch bin tht ng vt,NXB Khoa hc K thut 1986. [3] - L Vn Lin, Cng ngh bo qun sau thu hoch i vi sn phm chn nui,NXB Khoa hc K thut 1998. [5] - Trn c Ba, K thut lnh ng thc phm, [6] - L ngc T, Ha sinh cng nghip,NXB Khoa hc k thut H Ni, 1998. [7] - Lng c Phm, Vi sinh vt hc v an ton v sinh thc phm,NXB Nng
nghip H Ni-2000
Trang 101

Hacao bc1

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Hacao bc1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE

TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE

Nhm sinh vin thc tp

TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE

TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE

TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE

TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE

TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE

a, ng thi a mc tiu cnh tranh chim lnh th trng hng u.

TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE

Hnh 1.1: S mt bng Cng ty

TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE

Hnh 1.2: Khu vc ch bin thy, hi sn

Hnh 1.3: Khu vc ch bin tr

Hnh 1.4: Khu vc hp tc

TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE

Ban Tng Gim c

XN G THC PHM CH BIN

XN G THC PHM NI TIU

XN G 7 (DA V BNH TRNG)

CHI NHNH NNG TRNG BO LM

e) Phng Xut- Nhp Khu

phc v cho th trng ni a.

thc phm xut khu.

TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE

Xng CHM (hp tc vi Cng ty Mitsui v Co- Nht

thit b vn hnh in- in lnh trong Cng ty.

bp, Nghu tht luc, Nghu tht sng.

TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE

Hnh 1.5 : Mt s sn phm Nghu ca Cng ty

Hnh 1.6 : Mt s sn phm Gh ca Cng ty

TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE

Hnh 1.7 : Mt s sn phm C ca Cng ty

Hnh 1.8 : Mt s sn phm Bch tuc ca Cng ty

TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE

c) Ch gi r d) H co Xu mi Hnh 1.9 : Mt s sn phm Thc phm ch bin

TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE

c) Tr Kh qua Hnh 1.10 : Mt s sn phm Tr

TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE

Trong nc: Cng ty c i l, ca hng gii thiu sn phm ti hn 30 Tnh,

Thnh ph c nc v c sn phm ti hu ht cc Siu th, Ch thuc Thnh ph H Ch Minh.

Xut khu: i Loan, Hng Kng, Nht, M, Php, Anh, , H Lan, c, Ty

Ban Nha, Philippine, Trung Quc, Singapore,.

khun, kim tra li khng l tc ra ngoi, dng dng c ln loi bi v tc.

TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE -

o i vi dng c khng tip xc vi du m:

Kt thc sn xut : tan b dng c khu vc sn xut phi c ch ra qua

phng v thuc st trng chlorine. nc ra sch. v dn sch cng rnh.

ng, c co sch bng phng mi tun mt ln. ri vo thnh phm. Trang 27

c chuyn sang kho khc, tin hnh ty ra kho nh sau:

c ngi trc cp pht thuc khi cn.

TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE

CHNG 2 :TNG QUAN V NGUYN LIU SN XUT H CO

TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE

Trc co cng : l giai on lc mi git m xong th cc bin sinh ha xy

Giai on co cng : m c tr nn cng chc. Giai on sau co cng : m c mm khng n hi.

S thi ra tht : Do cc vi sinh vt hiu kh cng nh k kh pht trin sinh ra cc enzyme

S bin mu ca tht : Mu ca tht trong qu trnh bo qun c th chuyn t mu sang mu xm,

Bng 2.7 : Ch tiu cm quan

Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre

Ngun : Cng ty c phn ch bin hng xut khu Cu Tre Trang 47

TM HIU QTSX H CO TI CTY CBHXK CU TRE

CHNG 3: QUY TRNH SN XUT H CO