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CHNG III: AMIN AMINO AXIT - PROTEIN A.TM TT L THUYT: Amin Aminoaxit Amin l hp cht hu c coi nh Aminoaxit l hp cht hu c Khi nim c to nn khi thay th mt hay tp chc, phn t cha ng nhiu nguyn t H trong phn t NH3 thi nhm amino -NH2 v nhm bng gc hidrocacbon cacboxyl -COOH. TQ: RNH2( Bc 1) VD: CH3 NH2 CH3 NH CH3 CH3 N CH3 | CH3 Tnh baz: CH3 NH2 +H2O [CH3NH3]+OH To mui R NH2 + HCl [R NH3]+Cl C6H5 NH2 ( anilin ) TQ: H2N R COOH VD: H2N CH2 COOH (glyxin) CH3 C H COOH | (alanin) NH2 Lng tnh p/ ha este p/ trng gng
CTPT
Peptit v Protein Peptit l hp cht cha t 2 50 gc amino axit lin kt vi nhau bi cc lin kt peptit CO NH Protein l loi polipeptit cao phn t c PTK t vi chc nghn n vi triu. p/ thy phn. p/ mu biure.
Ha tnh
khng tan
HCl
Kim NaOH Ancol Br2/H2 Cu(OH)2 Trng ngng 1/ Ha tnh ca Amin: a)Tnh baz:
trng
To mui H2N - R- COOH + HCl ClH3N R COOH To mui H2N R COOH + NaOH H2N RCOONa + H2O To este
To mui hoc thy phn khi un nng Thy phn khi un nng
To hp cht mu tm
+) Anilin khng tan trong nc, khng lm i mu qu tm. +) Tc dng vi axit: RNH2 + HCl RNH3Cl +) Cc mui amoni tc dng d dng vi kim: RNH3Cl + NaOH RNH2 + NaCl + H2O. b) So snh tnh baz ca cc amin: Tnh baz ca amin ph thuc vo s linh ng ca cp electron t do trn nguyn t nit: +) Nhm y e s lm tng linh ng ca cp electron t do (n) trn nguyn t N nn tnh baz tng. +) Nhm ht e s lm gim s linh ng ca cp e t do trn nguyn t N nn tnh baz gim. +) Khi c s lin hp n - ( nhm chc amin gn vo cacbon mang ni ) th cp e t do trn nguyn t N cng km linh ng v tnh baz gim. +) Tnh baz ca amin bc 3 cn ph thuc vo nhiu yu t khc trong c nh hng hiu ng khng gian ca cc gc R. c) Phn ng th gc thm: +) Halogen ha: Tng t phenol, anilin tc dng vi nc Br2 to thnh kt ta trng 2,4,6tribrom anilin.
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+) Sunfo ha: un nng anilin vi H2SO4 1800C s xy ra mt chui phn ng m sn phm cui cng l axit sunfanilic.Cc amit ca axit sunfanilic gi l sunfonamit hay sunfamit c tnh cht st trng khng sinh, c dng nhiu lm thuc tr bnh. d) Phn ng vi axit nitr: +) iu ch HNO2 : NaNO2 + H+ Na+ + HNO2. +) Phn ng ca amin vi HNO2: Amin bc 1 s c hin tng si bt kh: R-NH2 + HO NO R OH + N2 + H2O.
R
Amin bc 2 s to hp cht nit z mu vng:
R
N H + HO N = O
R'
R'
NN=O+
H2O. Amin bc 3 khng phn ng. 2/ Ha tnh ca Aminoaxit: a) Tnh cht lng tnh: +) Phn ng vi axit mnh: HOOC- CH2NH2 + HCl HOOC CH2 NH3 +Cl +) Phn ng vi baz mnh: NH2- CH2- COOH + NaOH H2N CH2 COOONa + H2O +) Tnh axit- baz ca dung dch amino axit ( R(NH2)a(COOH)b )ph thuc vo a,b. - Vi dung dch glyxin: NH2- CH2- COOH +H3N- CH2 COODung dch c mi trng trung tnh( a = b = 1) nn qu tm khng i mu - Vi dung dch axit glutamic ( a = 1, b= 2)lm qu tm chuyn thnh mu - Vi dung dch Lysin ( a=2, b =1)lm qu tm chuyn thnh mu xanh. b) Phn ng este ho ca nhm -COOH
H 2 N -CH2 -COOH + C H OH 2 5
khHCl
2H
N -CH -COOC H + H O 2 5 2 2
c) Phn ng trng ngng - Cc axit-6-aminohexanoic v 7-aminoheptanoic c phn ng trng ngng khi un nng to ra polime thuc loi poliamit.
H ,t +) Vi peptit: H2N- C H-CO-NH- C H-COOH+H2O NH2 - C H-COOH + NH2- C H-COO | | | | hay enzim
R1 R2 R1 R2 +) Vi protein: Trong mi trng axit hoc ba z, protein b thy phn thnh cc aminoaxit. b) Phn ng mu biure Tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 cho hp cht phc mu tm . a s cc aminoaxit trong thin nhin l -aminoaxit. Sau y l s liu lin quan n 15 aminoaxit thng gp trong cu trc ca protein: CNG THC A. Axit monoaminomonocacboxylic 1/ C H2 COOH | NH2 2/ CH3 C H - COOH | NH2 TN GI Glyxin M= 75 Alanin M= 89 Valin VIT TT Gly Ala Val TAN 25,5 16,6 6,8 pHI 5,97 6,00 5,96
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3/ CH3 C H C H COOH | | CH3 CH3 NH2 NH2 4/ CH3 C H CH2 C H COOH | | 5/ CH3 CH2 C H C H COOH | | CH3 NH2 B. Axit iaminomonocacboxylic 6/ C H2 CH2 CH2 CH2 C H COOH | | NH2 NH2 C. Axit monoaminoicacboxylic 7/ HOOC CH2 C H COOH | NH2 8/ HOOC CH2 CH2 C H COOH | NH2 9/ H2N C CH2 C H COOH || | O NH2 10/ H2N C CH2 CH2 C H COOH || | O NH2 D. Aminoaxit cha nhm OH , -SH, -SR 11/ HO CH2 C H - COOH | NH2 12/ CH3 C H C H COOH | | OH NH2 NH2 14/ CH3S CH2 CH2 C H COOH | NH2 E. Aminoaxit cha vng thm 15/ C6H5 CH2 C H COOH | NH2 13/ HS CH2 C H COOH | M= 117 Leuxin M= 131 Iso leuxin M= 131 Lysin M= 146 Axit aspactic M= 133 Axit glutamic M= 147 Asparagin M= 132 Glutamin M= 146 Serin M= 105 Threonin M= 119 Xistein M= 121 Methionin M= 149 Phenylalanin M= 165 Leu Ile Lys 2,4 2,1 Tt 5,98 6,00 9,74
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B.CC DNG BI TP: 1.Xc nh CTPT ca hp cht cha Nit da vo phn ng chy: y z y t CxHyOzNt + ( x + ) O2 x CO2 + H2O + N2. 4 2 2 2 V d 1: t chy hon ton hn hp hai amin no, n chc, mch h l ng ng lin tip thu c 2,24 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) v 3,6 gam H2O. CTPT ca hai amin l: A. CH3NH2 v C2H5NH2. B. C2H5NH2 v C3H7NH2. C. C3H7NH2 v C4H9NH2. D. C4H9NH2 v C5H11NH2. HD: CTPTTQ ca amin no, n chc, mch h l CnH2n+3N. nC(hh) = nC(CO2) = 2,24/22,4 = 0,1 (mol); nH(hh) = 2nH(H2O) = 2.3,6/18 = 0,4 nC : nH =1:4
Chn p n A. 2. Xc nh CTCT ca amin, ng phn amin: V d 2: Cho 10 gam amin n chc X phn ng hon ton vi HCl (d), thu c 15 gam mui. S ng phn cu to ca X l: A.8. B.7. C.5. D.4. ( Trch TSH A 2009 ) HD: Phn ng: R NH2 + HCl [R-NH3]+Cl - . S mol n amin = nHCl = (15 10)/ 36,5 m amin = ( R + 16)/ 7,3 = 10 R = 57 R l C4H9 - . Cc ng phn amin ca X l: CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2; CH3CH(CH3)CH2NH2; (CH3)3 C(NH2);CH3CH2CH(NH2)CH3; CH3CH2CH2NHCH3;CH3CH2NHCH2CH3;(CH3)2 CH(NH)CH3; CH3CH2N(CH3)2; C 8 ng phn. Chn p n A. Ch : Khi vit ng phn amin nn vit t ng phn bc 1( R-NH2), n bc 2(R-NH-R), bc 3(R-N-R). | R 3. Xc nh cng thc aminoaxit: V d 3: Cho 1 mol aminoaxit X phn ng vi dung dch HCl (d), thu c m1 gam mui Y. Cng 1 mol aminoaxit X phn ng vi dung dch NaOH (d), thu c m2 gam mui Z. Bit m2 m1 = 7,5. Cng thc phn t ca X l: A. C4H10O2N. B. C5H9O4N. C. C4H8O4N2. D. C5H11O2N. ( Trch TSH A 2009 ) HD: (H2N)xR(COOH)y + x HCl (ClH3N)xR(COOH)y; (H2N)xR(COOH)y +y NaOH (H2N)xR(COONa)y + y H2O. Theo bi ra v theo cc phn ng ta c: m2 m1 = 23 y 36,5x y = 7,5 44y = 73x +15. Ch c x =1; y = 2 l ph hp vi cc kt qu trong p n. Chn p n B. Ch : Nu y l bi ton t lun th s c v s p n v c v s cp x,y tha mn, mt khc mi cp x, y li tng ng vi gc R ty . V d 4: Cho 0,02 mol aminoaxit X tc dng va vi 200 ml dung dch HCl 0,1M thu c 3,67 gam mui khan. Mt khc 0,02 mol X tc tc dng va vi 40 gam dung dch NaOH 4%. Cng thc ca X l: A. H2NC2H3(COOH)2. B. H2NC3H5(COOH)2. C. (H2N)2C3H5COOH. D. H2NC3H6COOH. ( Trch TSH B 2009 ) HD: (H2N)xR(COOH)y + x HCl (ClH3N)xR(COOH)y; (H2N)xR(COOH)y +y NaOH (H2N)xR(COONa)y + y H2O. Ta c: nHCl = 0,1.200.10 -3 = 0,02 (mol) = nX; nNaOH = 40.4%/40 = 0,04 (mol) = 2nx x =1; y = 2. mMui = 0,02( R + 52,5 + 2.45) = 3,67 R = 41 R l C3H5. Chn p n B.
n =1/4 2 n +3
n = 1,5
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4. Vit cng thc cu to cc ng phn Peptit v protein; V d 5: S ipeptit ti a c th to ra t mt hn hp gm alanin v glyxin l: A. 3. B. 1. C.2. D. 4. ( Trch TSH B 2009 ) HD: Gly Ala v Ala Gly l hai cht khc nhau. H2NCH2CONHCH2COOH (Gly Gly); H2NCH2CONHCH(CH3)COOH ( Gly Ala); H2NCH(CH3)CONHCH(CH3) COOH; H2NCH(CH3)CONHCH2COOH ( Ala Gly); Chn p n D. 5. Bi tp tng hp: V d 6: Hn hp X gm 1 mol aminoaxit no, mch h v 1 mol amin no, mch h. X c kh nng phn ng ti a vi 2 mol HCl hoc 2 mol NaOH. t chy hon ton X thu c 6 mol CO2, x mol H2O v y mol N2. Cc gi tr x, y tng ng l A. 7 v 1,0. B. 8 v 1,5. C. 8 v 1,0. D. 7 v 1,5. ( Trch TSH A 2010 ) HD: aminoaxit l CmH2m -1O4N, amin l CnH2n+3N 2m 1 1 O Phn ng chy: CmH2m -1O4N + 2 m CO2 + H2O + N2 2 2 2n + 3 1 O CnH2n+3N + 2 nCO2 + H2O + N2 2 2 S mol CO2 l : n+m =6 nH2O = n + m+ 1 = 7. S mol N2 = 1. Chn p n A. V d 7: t chy hon ton V lt hi mt amin X bng mt lng oxi va to ra 8V lt hn hp gm kh cacbonic, kh nit v hi nc (cc th tch kh v hi u o cng iu kin). Amin X tc dng vi axit nitr nhit thng, gii phng kh nit. Cht X l A. CH3-CH2-CH2-NH2. B. CH2=CH-CH2-NH2. C. CH3-CH2-NH-CH3. D. CH2=CH-NH-CH3. ( Trch TSH A 2010 ) HD: L amin bc 1: R NH2 + HO NO R OH + N2 + H2O. Chn p n A. V d 8: Hn hp X gm alanin v axit glutamic. Cho m gam X tc dng hon ton vi dung dch NaOH (d), thu c dung dch Y cha (m+30,8) gam mui. Mt khc, nu cho m gam X tc dng hon ton vi dung dch HCl, thu c dung dch Z cha (m+36,5) gam mui. Gi tr ca m l A. 171,0. B. 165,6. C. 123,8. D. 112,2. ( Trch TSH B 2010 ) HD: S dng phng php tng gim khi lng. m gam X + HCl (m+36,5) gam mui. Do : nX = nHCl = 1 mol. CH3 CH(NH2)- COOH + NaOH CH3 CH(NH2)- COONa + H2O mol: x x C3H7N (COOH)2 + 2 NaOH C3H7N (COONa)2 + 2 H2O. mol: y y
x+ y = 1 Ta c h: x , 2 2 + 4 4y = 3 08
Chn p n D.
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C. CU HI V BI TP TRC NGHIM T GII 1 ( Dng cho kim tra 45 pht): 1. Nguyn nhn gy ra tnh baz ca amin l: A. do amin d tan trong nc. B. do nguyn t N cn cp electron t do. C. do phn t amin b phn cc. D. do amin c kh nng tc dng vi axit. 2. Trong cc cht: CH3CH2NH2; (CH3)2NH; (CH3)3N v NH3. Cht c tnh baz mnh nht l: A. NH3. B. (CH3)3N. C. (CH3)2NH. D. CH3CH2NH2. 3. Trong cc cht: CH3NH2; C2H5NH2; (CH3)2NH; C6H5NH2.Cht c tnh baz mnh nht l: A. CH3NH2. B. C2H5NH2. C. (CH3)2NH. D. C6H5NH2. 4. tch ring hn hp kh CH4 v CH3NH2 c th dng dung dch: A. HCl. B. HNO3. C. HCl v NaOH. D. NaOH v Br2. 5. Pht biu no sau y khng ng? A. Anilin tc dng c vi HBr v trn N cn c i electron t do. B. Anilin c tnh baz yu hn NH3 v nh hng ht e ca nhn thm ln nhm chc NH2. C. Anilin tc dng c vi dung dch Br2 v c tnh baz. D. Anilin khng lm i mu giy qu tm m. 6. Tn gi ca aminoaxit c cng thc cu to CH3 CH(NH2) COOH l: A. axit - aminopropionic. B. axit - aminoaxetic. C. axit - aminopropionic. D. axit - aminoaxetic. 7. Trong cc hp cht sau, hp cht no khng lng tnh? A. Amino axetat. B. Lizin. C. Phenol. D. Alanin. 8. S ng phn aminoaxit ca C4H9O2N l: A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6. 9. S ng phn cu to c cng thc phn t C4H11N l: A. 5. B. 6. C. 7. D. 8. 10. Dung dch glixin ( axit amino axetic) c mi trng: A. axit. B. baz. C. trung tnh. D. khng xc nh. 11. Cht X c cng thc phn t C3H7O2N. X c th tc dng vi NaOH, HCl v lm mt mu dung dch brom. Cng thc cu to ca X l: A. CH2=CHCOONH4. B. H2NCH2CH2COOH. C. CH3CH(NH2)COOH. D. CH3CH2CH2NO2. 12. Khng nh no sau y khng ng? A. Cc amin u kt hp vi prpton. B. Tnh baz ca cc amin u mnh hn NH3. C. CTTQ ca amin no, mch h l CnH2n+2+kNk.D. Metylamin c tnh baz mnh hn anilin. 13. Cho (CH3)2NH vo nc, lc nh, sau yn th c: A. hn hp c nh sa. B. hai lp cht lng khng tan vo nhau. C. dung dch trong sut ng nht. D. cc ht kt tinh khng mu lng xung y. 14. Cp ancol v amin no sau y cng bc? A. (CH3)2CHOH v (CH3)2CHNH2. B.(CH3)3COH v (CH3)3CNH2. C. C6H5CH(OH)CH3 v C6H5NHCH3. D. C6H5CH2OH v (C6H5)2NH. 15. Phn ng no di y khng th hin tnh baz ca amin? A. CH3NH2 + H2O CH3NH3+ + OH -. B. Fe3++ 3CH3NH2+ 3H2O Fe(OH)3 +3CH3NH3+. C. CH3NH2 + HNO2 CH3OH + N2 + H2O. D. C6H5NH2 + HCl C6H5NH3Cl. 16. Cho s phn ng: X C6H6 Y anilin. X v Y tng ng l: A. C2H2 v C6H5NO2. B. C2H2 v C6H5-CH3 C.xiclohecxan v C6H5-CH3. D. CH4 v C6H5NO2. 17. phn bit 3 dung dch H2NCH2COOH, CH3COOH v C2H5NH2 ch cn dng mt thuc th l: A. Na kim loi. B. dung dch NaOH. C. qu tm. D. dung dch HCl. 18. Pht biu no sau y l ng?
GV: TH NGUYT
A. Anilin tc dng vi axit nitr khi un nng thu c mui iazoni. B. Benzen lm mt mu nc brom nhit thng. C. Etylamin phn ng vi axit nitr nhit thng, sinh ra bt kh. D. Cc ancol a chc u phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 to dung dch mu xanh lam. ( Trch TSH A 2009 ) 19. Thuc th c dng phn bit Gly Ala Gly vi Gly Ala l: A. Cu(OH)2 trong mi trng kim. B. dung dch NaCl. C. dung dch HCl. D. dung dch NaOH. ( Trch TSH A 2009 ) 20. Dy gm cc cht v thuc u c th gy nghin cho con ngi l: A. penixilin, paradol, cocain. B. heroin, seduxen, erythromixin. C. cocain, seduxen, cafein. D. ampixilin, erythromixin, cafein. ( Trch TSH A 2009 ) 21. Ngi ta iu ch anilin bng s sau: 4 ) Benzen + HNO 3c ( H 2 SO Nitrobenzen Fe + HCl ( Anilin. t ) Bit hiu sut giai on to thnh nitrobenzen t 60% v hiu sut giai on to thnh anilin t 50%. Khi lng anilin thu c khi iu ch t 156 gam benzen l: A. 186,0 gam. B. 55,8 gam. C. 93,0 gam. D. 111,6 gam. ( Trch TSH B 2009 ) 22. Hp cht X mch h c cng thc phn t l C4H9NO2. Cho 10,3 gam X phn ng va vi dung dch NaOH sinh ra mt cht kh Y v dung dch Z. Kh Y nng hn khng kh , lm giy qu tm m chuyn mu xanh. Dung dch Z c kh nng lm mt mu nc brom. C cn dung dch Z thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l: A. 8,2. B. 10,8. C. 9,4. D. 9,6. ( Trch TSH A 2009 ) 23. Cht X ( cha C,H,O,N) c thnh phn % theo khi lng cc nguyn t C,H,O ln lt l 40,45%;7,86%; 35,96%. X tc dng vi NaOH v vi HCl, X c ngun gc t thin nhin v MX <100. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l: A. CH3CH(NH2)COOH. B. H2NCH2CH2COOH. C. H2NCH2COOH. D. H2NCH2CH(NH2)COOH. 24. Cho 18,6 gam mt ankylamin tc dng vi dung dch FeCl3 (d), thu c 21,4 gam kt ta. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca ankylamin l: A. CH3NH2. B. C2H5NH2. C. C3H7NH2. D. C4H9NH2. 25. X l mt - aminoaxit ch cha 1 nhm NH2 v 1 nhm COOH, Cho 0,89 gam X phn ng va vi NaOH to ra 1,11 gam mui. Cng thc cu to ca X c th l: A. NH2 CH2 COOH. B. CH3 CH(NH2) COOH. C. NH2 CH2 CH2 COOH. D. NH2 CH = CH COOH.
0
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C. CU HI V BI TP TRC NGHIM T GII 2 ( Dng cho kim tra 90 pht): Cu 1: S ng phn amin c cng thc phn t C2H7N l A. 4. B. 3. C. 2. D. 5. Cu 2: S ng phn amin c cng thc phn t C3H9N l A. 4. B. 3. C. 2. D. 5. Cu 3: S ng phn amin c cng thc phn t C4H11N l A. 5. B. 7. C. 6. D. 8. Cu 4: S ng phn amin bc mt ng vi cng thc phn t C3H9N l A. 4. B. 3. C. 2. D. 5. Cu 5: S ng phn amin bc mt ng vi cng thc phn t C4H11N l A. 4. B. 3. C. 2. D. 5. Cu 6: C bao nhiu amin cha vng benzen c cng cng thc phn t C7H9N ? A. 3 amin. B. 5 amin. C. 6 amin. D. 7 amin. Cu 7: Anilin c cng thc l A. CH3COOH. B. C6H5OH. C. C6H5NH2. D. CH3OH. Cu 8: Trong cc cht sau, cht no l amin bc 2? A. H2N-[CH2]6NH2 B. CH3CH(CH3)NH2 C. CH3NHCH3 D. C6H5NH2 Cu 9: C bao nhiu amin bc hai c cng cng thc phn t C5H13N ? A. 4 amin. B. 5 amin. C. 6 amin. D. 7 amin. Cu 10: Trong cc tn gi di y, tn no ph hp vi cht CH3CH(CH3)NH2? A. Metyletylamin. B. Etylmetylamin. C. Isopropanamin. D. Isopropylamin. Cu 11: Trong cc tn gi di y, cht no c lc baz mnh nht ? A. NH3 B. C6H5CH2NH2 C. C6H5NH2 D. (CH3)2NH Cu 12: Trong cc tn gi di y, cht no c lc baz yu nht ? A. C6H5NH2 B. C6H5CH2NH2 C. (C6H5)2NH D. NH3 Cu 13: Trong cc tn gi di y, tn no ph hp vi cht C6H5-CH2-NH2? A. Phenylamin. B. Benzylamin. C. Anilin. D. Phenylmetylamin. Cu 14: Trong cc cht di y, cht no c tnh baz mnh nht ? A. C6H5NH2. B. (C6H5)2NH C. p-CH3-C6H4-NH2. D. C6H5-CH2-NH2 Cu 15: Cht khng c kh nng lm xanh nc qu tm l A. Anilin B. Natri hiroxit. C. Natri axetat. D. Amoniac. Cu 16: Cht khng phn ng vi dung dch NaOH l A. C6H5NH3Cl. B. C6H5CH2OH. C. p-CH3C6H4OH. D. C6H5OH. Cu 17: C 3 cht lng benzen, anilin, stiren, ng ring bit trong 3 l mt nhn. Thuc th phn bit 3 cht lng trn l A. Dung dch NaOH phenolphtalein Cu 18: Dy gm cc cht u lm giy qu tm m chuyn sang mu xanh l: A. anilin, metyl amin, amoniac. B. amoni clorua, metyl amin, natri hiroxit. C. anilin, amoniac, natri hiroxit. D. metyl amin, amoniac, natri axetat. Cu 19: Kt ta xut hin khi nh dung dch brom vo A. ancol etylic. B. benzen. C. anilin. D. axit axetic. Cu 20: Cht lm giy qu tm m chuyn thnh mu xanh l A. C2H5OH. B. CH3NH2. C. C6H5NH2. D. NaCl. Cu 21: Anilin (C6H5NH2) phn ng vi dung dch A. NaOH. B. HCl. C. Na2CO3. D. NaCl. Cu 22: C 3 cht lng benzen, anilin, stiren, ng ring bit trong 3 l mt nhn. Thuc th phn bit 3 cht lng trn l A. dung dch phenolphtalein. B. nc brom. B. Giy qu tm C. Nc brom. D. Dung dch
GV: TH NGUYT
C. dung dch NaOH. D. giy qu tm. Cu 23: Anilin (C6H5NH2) v phenol (C6H5OH) u c phn ng vi A. dung dch NaCl. B. dung dch HCl. C. nc Br2. D. dung dch NaOH. Cu 24: Dung dch metylamin trong nc lm A. qu tm khng i mu. B. qu tm ha xanh. C. phenolphtalein ho xanh. D. phenolphtalein khng i mu. Cu 25: Cht c tnh baz l A. CH3NH2. B. CH3COOH. C. CH3CHO. D. C6H5OH. Cu 26: em trng ngng hn hp gm 22,5 gam glyxin v 44,5 gam alanin thu c m gam protein vi hiu sut mi phn ng l 80%. Vy m c gi tr l: A. 42,08 gam. B. 38,40gam C. 49,20gam D. 52,60 gam Cu 27: Cho 9,3 gam anilin (C6H5NH2) tc dng va vi axit HCl. Khi lng mui thu c l A. 11,95 gam. B. 12,95 gam. C. 12,59 gam. D. 11,85 gam. Cu 28: Cho 5,9 gam etylamin (C3H7NH2) tc dng va vi axit HCl. Khi lng mui (C3H7NH3Cl) thu c l (Cho H = 1, C = 12, N = 14) A. 8,15 gam. B. 9,65 gam. C. 8,10 gam. D. 9,55 gam. Cu 29: Cho 4,5 gam etylamin (C2H5NH2) tc dng va vi axit HCl. Khi lng mui thu c l A. 7,65 gam. B. 8,15 gam. C. 8,10 gam. D. 0,85 gam. Cu 30: Cho anilin tc dng va vi dung dch HCl thu c 38,85 gam mui. Khi lng anilin phn ng l A. 18,6g B. 9,3g C. 37,2g D. 27,9g. Cu 31: Trung ha 11,8 gam mt amin n chc cn 200 ml dung dch HCl 1M. Cng thc phn t ca X l A. C2H5N B. CH5N C. C3H9N D. C3H7N Cu 32: Nicotine l mt cht hu c c trong thuc l, gy nghin v mm mng ca bnh ung th. Hp cht ny c to bi 3 nguyn t C,H,N. em t chy ht 2,349 gam nicotine , thu c nit n cht, 1,827 gam H2O v 3,248 lit ( ktc) kh CO2. CTG ca nicotine l: A. C3H5N. B. C3H7N2. C. C4H9N. D. C5H7N. Cu 33: Cho - aminoaxit mch thng X c cng thc H2NR(COOH)2 tc dng va vi 100 ml dung dch NaOH 1M, thu c 9,55 gam mui. Tn gi ca X l: A. Axit 2- aminopropanioic. B. Axit 2- aminobutanioic. C. Axit 2- aminopentanioic. D. Axit 2- aminohexanioic. Cu 34: Hn hp A gm hai aminoaxit no, mch h, ng ng k tip, c cha mt nhm amino v mt nhm chc axit trong phn t. Ly 47,8 gam hn hp A cho tc dng vi 200 ml dung dch HCl 3,5 M (c d), c dung dch B. tc dng ht cc cht trong dung dch B cn 1300 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Cng thc hai cht trong hn hp A l: A. CH3CH(NH2)COOH ; CH3 CH2CH(NH2)COOH. B. CH3 CH2CH(NH2)COOH ; CH3 CH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH. C. CH3 CH2CH2CH(NH2)COOH ; CH3 CH2CH2 CH2CH(NH2)COOH. D. H2NCH2COOH ; CH3CH(NH2)COOH. Cu 35: Keo dn ure fomanehit c tng hp theo s : H2NCONH2 + HCHO t, x t H2NCONH-CH2OH ( - NH CONH CH2 - )n Bit hiu sut ca c qu trnh trn l 60%. Khi lng dung dch HCHO 80% cn dng tng hp c 180 gam keo dn trn l: A. 156,25 gam. B.160,42 gam. C. 128,12 gam. D. 132,18 gam. Cu 36: Este X c iu ch t mt aminoaxit v ancol etylic. t chy hon ton 20,6 gam X thu c 16,2 gam H2O, 17,92 lit CO2 v 2,24 lt N2. Cc th tch kh o ktc. T khi hi ca X so vi khng kh gn bng 3,552. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l: A. H2NCH2COOC2H5. B. H2N(CH2)2COOC2H5. C. H2NC(CH3)2COOC2H5. D. H2NCH(CH3)COOC2H5.
0
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Cu 37: t chy hon ton 8,9 gam mt cht hu c X thu c 13,2 gam CO2 , 6,3 gam H2O v 11,2 lt kh N2 ( ktc). T khi hi ca X so vi hidro l 44,5. Cng thc phn t ca X l: A. C3H5O2N. B. C3H7O2N. C. C2H5O2N2. D. C3H9ON2. Cu 38: t chy hon ton 2 amin no, n chc, mch h, ng ng lin tip thu c CO2 v H2O theo t l mol tng ng l 1 : 2. Cng thc phn t ca 2 amin l: A. CH5N v C2H7N. B. C2H7N v C3H9N. C. C3H9N v C4H11N. D. C4H11N v C5H13N. Cu 39: t chy hon ton m gam aminoaxit X cha 1 nhm - NH2 v 1 nhm COOH thu c 6,72 lt CO2 , 1,12 lt N2 v 4,5 gam H2O. Cc th tch kh o ktc. Gi tr ca m l: A. 17,4. B. 15,2. C. 8,7. D. 9,4. Cu 40: X l mt - aminoaxit ch cha 1 nhm NH2 v 1 nhm COOH. Cho 1,72 gam X phn ng va vi HCl to ra 2,51 gam mui. Cng thc cu to ca X l: A. CH2 = C(NH2) COOH. B. CH3 CH(NH2) COOH . C. H2N CH = CH COOH . D. H2N CH2 CH2 COOH . Cu 41: Mt mui X c cng thc phn t C3H10O3N2. Cho 14,64 gam X phn ng ht vi 150 ml dung dch KOH 1M. C cn dung dch sau phn ng c cht rn v phn hi. Trong phn hi c mt cht c Y bc 1, trong phn rn ch l hn hp ca cc hp cht v c. Cht rn c khi lng l: A. 14,8 gam. B. 14,5 gam. C. 13,8 gam. D. 13,5 gam. Cu 42: Cht hu c X c 1 nhm amino, 1 chc este. Hm lng nit trong X l 15,73%. X phng ha m gam cht X, hi ancol bay ra cho i qua CuO nung nng c anehit Y. Cho Y thc hin phn ng trng bc thy c 16,2 gam Ag kt ta. Gi tr ca m l: A. 3,3375 gam. B. 6,6750 gam. C. 7,6455 gam. D. 8,7450 gam. Tuyn sinh i hc KB 2010: Cu 43: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol mt amin no, mch h X bng oxi va , thu c 0,5 mol hn hp Y gm kh v hi. Cho 4,6 gam X tc dng vi dung dch HCl (d), s mol HCl phn ng l A. 0,3. B. 0,1. C. 0,4. D. 0,2. Cu 44: Thy phn hon ton 1 mol pentapeptit X, thu c 2 mol glyxin (Gly), 1 mol alanin (Ala), 1 mol valin (Val) v 1 mol phenylalanin (Phe). Thy phn khng hon ton X thu c ipeptit ValPhe v tripeptit Gly-Ala-Val nhng khng thu c ipeptit Gly-Gly. Cht X c cng thc l A. Gly-Phe-Gly-Ala-Val. B. Gly-Ala-Val-Phe-Gly. C. Gly-Ala-Val-Val-Phe. D. Val-Phe-Gly-Ala-Gly. Cu 45: Trung ho hon ton 8,88 gam mt amin (bc mt, mch cacbon khng phn nhnh) bng axit HCl, to ra 17,64 gam mui. Amin c cng thc l A. CH3CH2CH2NH2. B. H2NCH2CH2CH2NH2. C. H2NCH2CH2NH2. D. H2NCH2CH2CH2CH2NH2. Cu 46: ipeptit mch h X v tripeptit mch h Y u c to nn t mt aminoaxit (no, mch h, trong phn t cha mt nhm -NH2 v mt nhm -COOH). t chy hon ton 0,1 mol Y, thu c tng khi lng CO2 v H2O bng 54,9 gam. t chy hon ton 0,2 mol X, sn phm thu c cho
GV: TH NGUYT
li t t qua nc vi trong d, to ra m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l A. 120. B. 45. C. 30. D. 60. Cu 47: Hai hp cht hu c X v Y c cng cng thc phn t l C3H7NO2, u l cht rn iu kin thng. Cht X phn ng vi dung dch NaOH, gii phng kh. Cht Y c phn ng trng ngng. Cc cht X v Y ln lt l A. axit 2-aminopropionic v axit 3-aminopropionic. B. axit 2-aminopropionic v amoni acrylat. C. vinylamoni fomat v amoni acrylat. D. amoni acrylat v axit 2-aminopropionic. Cu 48: Hn hp X gm alanin v axit glutamic. Cho m gam X tc dng hon ton vi dung dch NaOH (d), thu c dung dch Y cha (m+30,8) gam mui. Mt khc, nu cho m gam X tc dng hon ton vi dung dch HCl, thu c dung dch Z cha (m+36,5) gam mui. Gi tr ca m l A. 171,0. B. 165,6. C. 123,8. D. 112,2. Tuyn sinh i hc KA 2010: Cu 49: Cho 0,15 mol H2NC3H5(COOH)2 (axit glutamic) vo 175 ml dung dch HCl 2M, thu c dung dch X. Cho NaOH d vo dung dch X. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, s mol NaOH phn ng l A. 0,70. B. 0,50. C. 0,65. D. 0,55. Cu 50: Hn hp kh X gm imetylamin v hai hirocacbon ng ng lin tip. t chy hon ton 100 ml hn hp X bng mt lng oxi va , thu c 550 ml hn hp Y gm kh v hi nc. Nu cho Y i qua dung dch axit sunfuric c (d) th cn li 250 ml kh (cc th tch kh v hi o cng iu kin). Cng thc phn t ca hai hirocacbon l A. CH4 v C2H6. B. C2H4 v C3H6. C. C2H6 v C3H8. D. C3H6 v C4H8.
P N CHNG 3: Trc nghim 1: 1B, 2B, 3C, 4C, 5C, 6A, 7C, 8C, 9D, 10C, 11A, 12B, 13C, 14C, 15C, 16A, 17C, 18C, 19A, 20C, 21B, 22C, 23A, 24A, 25B. Trc nghim 2: 1C, 2A, 3D, 4C, 5A, 6B, 7C, 8C, 9B, 10D, 11D, 12C, 13D, 14D, 15A, 16A, 17C, 18D, 19C, 20B, 21B, 22B, 23C, 24B, 25A, 26A, 27C, 28D, 29B, 30D, 31C, 32D, 33C, 34D, 35A, 36A, 37B, 38A, 39C, 40B, 41C, 42A, 43D, 44B, 45B, 46A, 47D, 48D, 49C, 50B.
GV: TH NGUYT