Input / Output (I/O) Devices

Data Entry Input Devices Keyboard - QWERTY

function keys numeric keypad

Pointing Devices
Mouse Light pen Joystick Trackball Touchpad (notebooks) Touch Screen

Comp 1001: IT & Architecture - Joe Carthy

Input / Output (I/O) Devices Data Automation Input Devices

OCR: Optical Character Recognition

Utility Bills: ESB Typically use special font e.g. OCR1

OMR: Optical Mark Recognition

(e.g. lotto tickets)

Image scanner

OCR software DIP: Document Image Processing e.g. for CAO forms
Bar code Scanner

Reads an optical code Universal Product Code: UPC (supermarket checkouts/ libraries) Often used as key component of Point-of-Sale system (POS)
Comp 1001: IT & Architecture - Joe Carthy

Input / Output (I/O) Devices

Digital Camera Voice recognition (e.g. Viva Voice by IBM, Dragon) Handwriting recognition HP Ipaq; Palm Pilot Smart Cards contain a processor e.g. Telecom phonecards MICR Magnetic ink character recognition Used on bank cheques

Comp 1001: IT & Architecture - Joe Carthy

Output Devices
Display devices: e.g. computer monitor is what most people use with PCs. A computer terminal is made up of a monitor and a keyboard. It is a dumb device unlike a PC. Terminals may be used to access a mainframe computer. Screen size varies from 15 to 27 inches, measured diagonally across the screen. Resolution Images are usually made up of tiny dots called pixels (picture elements). The higher the resolution , the better the quality of picture.

Comp 1001: IT & Architecture - Joe Carthy

Output Devices Resolution may be measured by either

pixel density e.g. .26 or .28 (distance between pixels in millimetres)

or
as a matrix of pixels e.g. 640 x 480 640 x 480 rows VGA standard 800 x 600 SVGA standard 1024 x 768 XGA standard 1080 x 1024 SXGA standard 1600 x 1200 UXGA

Comp 1001: IT & Architecture - Joe Carthy

Output Devices
Colour Most monitors are RGB (red-green-blue) i.e. form colours by combinations of primary colours. Most monitors produce non-interlaced images i.e all lines are redrawn when the screen is refreshed. TVs produce interlaced images i.e every other line is redrawn on every refresh. The screen is usually refreshed 60 times a second.

Comp 1001: IT & Architecture - Joe Carthy

Output Devices
Landscape: Screen is wider than it is high Portrait: Screen is higher than it is wide CRT versus Flat-Panel Desktop monitors are typically CRT (cathode-ray tube) devices like TVs, although flat screens are becoming more popular as they take up less space but are more expensive. Notebooks use flat-screens which require less power and are lightweight. Flat-screens often use LCD (liquid crystal display) technology. Active-matrix LCDs provide sharper images than passive-matrix LCDs but at higher cost.
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Comp 1001: IT & Architecture - Joe Carthy

Output Devices: Printers

Variety of Print technologies

Ink-jet: high quality and very popular: Usually Colour Laser (page printer): highest quality
Colour laser printers are much more expensive than black&white

Cost of ink-jet cartridges/colour toner is an issue in choosing a printer Dot-matrix: good quality largely replaced by ink-jet Line-printers: Fast, low quality bulk printing on computer paper

Comp 1001: IT & Architecture - Joe Carthy

Output Devices: Others

Plotters: for CAD (Computer Aided Design) output
architectural/engineering drawings A3 laser printers now also used for these applications

Speakers As in sound systems Computer Output on Microfilm (COM) e.g. for archival purposes

Comp 1001: IT & Architecture - Joe Carthy

Communications Devices
Modem: Modulator/demodulator
Uses to allow computers communicate over analog telephone lines Converts computer digital signals to analog signals and vice versa Operates at speeds up to 56Kbps bps = bits per second

ISDN Card
Digital communication device requires digital phone line Operates at speeds from 64Kbps, 128 Kbps (home use) to low Megabit range Much more reliable than modem

DSL/ADSL Card
Similar to ISDN but operates at much higher speeds (140Kbps to 3 Mbps)

Network Card (Ethernet card, LAN card):

Short Distances (<1000m) used inside an organisation like UCD 10Mbps to 100Mpbs to 1000 Mbps

Comp 1001: IT & Architecture - Joe Carthy

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Computer System: Storage and I/O Devices

Printer Phone Socket Speakers Modem

Computer
Mouse Monitor and Keyboard

CD-ROM Tape Unit Disk Unit

Comp 1001: IT & Architecture - Joe Carthy

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I/O Devices and Communication Devices: Review

Data entry
Keyboard, mouse, joystick, light pen, touch pad etc OCR, OMR, Barcode scanner, DIP, MICR Digital Camera, Voice, Smart Cards

Output
Monitor (VGA, SVGA, XGA etc) CRT, LCD Printer Inkjet, Laser, Dot-Matrix Plotter Speakers

Communication Devices
Modem ISDN ADSL/DSL Network Card

Comp 1001: IT & Architecture - Joe Carthy

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