How to maximize the value of mature HC fields?

Workshop
Budapest, 18. November 2010.

Society of Petroleum Engineers

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Getting the Most out of PNC & PNS Logs To Increase Production in Mature Fields
Jason Gendur and Frank Thompson Schlumberger

Getting the Most out of PNC & PNS Logs To Increase Production in Mature Fields

Diagnose Existing Problems in Producing Wells Find Bypassed Hydrocarbons Remedial Actions

Petrophysical Evaluation Problems

Completions Restrictions (Tool OD) Behind-Casing Measurements Flowing or Shut in

Tubing Scale or Corrosion

Casing Condition

Completions Design 4

PNS Vs PNC
PNC

Pulsed Neutron Capture

GR Count Vs time Measuring macroscopic neutron cross section (S)

Pulsed Neutron Spectroscopy

GR Count Vs Energy For C/O Ratio Spectroscopy

PNS

Applications in Mature Fields

Problem
water saturation in depleted oil reservoir water saturation in depleted oil reservoir

Conditions
Salty connate water Fresh water

Solution
PNC logging PNS logging

Bypassed gas zone detection Petrophysical evaluation in old field

Oil saturation Current oil saturation Water production

Thin layers Only resistivity-SP open hole logs available

Gas cap Water injection, variable water salinity Flow behind casing

PNC logging with WINR gas detection PNS & PNC Spectrolith for lithology
PNS and PNC PNS and PNC Water flow logging

PNC and PNS Diagnostics

RST Pro

PNC Measurement
Sigma (S)
Porosity Borehole Salinity

Sigma Log

Sigma Log
GR
Correlation Shale Volume

Neutron Porosity

Gas Indication
Count Rates IRAT WINR

Sigma

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Problem
Bypassed gas zone detection

Conditions
Thin layers

Solution
PNC logging with WINR gas detection

GR
Correlation Shale Volume

Neutron Porosity

Gas Indication
Count Rates IRAT WINR

Sigma
log = (water * fSw) Water + (hydrocarb * f(1-Sw)) Hydrocarbon + (matrix * (1-f-Vshale)) Matrix + (shale * Vshale) Shale

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Sigma Log

S Sw

log

S ma f S hy S ma Vcl S cl S ma

f S wa S hy

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WINR Curve for Gas

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PNC Measurement

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PNS Measurement C/O

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PNS Measurement C/O

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PNS Measurement Spectrolith

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PNS Spectrolith

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Problem

Conditions

Solution
Spectrolith for lithology determination

Petrophysical evaluation in Only resistivity-SP open old field hole logs available

SHALLOW
SHALLOW MEDIUM GAMMA RAY MEDIUM DEEP DEEP SONIC SONIC TRAVEL TIMES TRAVEL TIMES

Are high resistivity intervals pay?

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Problem

Conditions

Solution
Spectrolith for lithology determination

Petrophysical evaluation in Only resistivity-SP open old field hole logs available

SHALLOW
SHALLOW MEDIUM GAMMA RAY MEDIUM DEEP DEEP SONIC SONIC TRAVEL TIMES TRAVEL TIMES

Are high resistivity intervals pay?

Pay Zone?

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Problem

Conditions

Solution
Spectrolith for lithology determination

Petrophysical evaluation in Only resistivity-SP open old field hole logs available

SHALLOW MEDIUM
GAMMA RAY DEEP SONIC TRAVEL TIMES

Are high resistivity intervals pay? NO

Pay zone in sand? YES

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Problem
Oil saturation

Conditions
Gas cap

Solution
PNS and PNC

Lithology
Gas Sigma Oil Sigma & C/O

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Problem

Petrophysical evaluation in Only resistivity-SP open old field hole logs available

Conditions

Solution

Spectrolith for lithology determination

Old Logs

Depleted Layer
Unswept Oil

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Problem
Current oil saturation

Conditions
Water injection, variable water salinity

Solution
PNC logging

RST

OH

Water injection: Fingering of injected water drops initial production (300b/d) Variable water salinity C/O mode

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Conclusion

PNS and PNC measurements from RSTPro (Sigma, C/O, Spectrolith) are used to maximize the value of mature fields
Diagnose existing problems
Water saturation in depleted oil reservoirs Identify fluid contacts (water-oil-gas)

Find bypassed hydrocarbons

Gas detection in thin zones Remaining oil saturation

Remedial actions
Water production behind casing Quantitative petrophysical evaluation in old wells
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Questions

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