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TAI LIEU CH MANG TNH CHAT THAM KHAO
TRNG I HC BCH KHOA TP HCM

KHOA MI TRNG
NGNH K THUT MI TRNG
GVHD:
TS. Nguyn Phc Dn
SVTH:
Nguyn Minh Tun

L Xun Linh
Giang Bu Dn
Triu Gia Phong
Nguyn Thnh Trung
Trn nh Trc
Hong c Thm
L Hong Chng
Tp HCM, thng 01 2006
90203779
90201423
90200324
90201929
90202891
90202924
90202477
90200241
TAI LIEU CH MANG TNH CHAT Tnh

THAM
O h thng x l nc thi
ton KHA
thit k
nh my bt ngt cng sut 2300m3/ngy m.
GVHD: TS. Nguyn Phc Dn.
MC LC
MC LC ................................................................................................................ 1
CHNG 1: TNG QUAN V NC THI BT NGT V LA
CHN CNG NGH X L 2
I) Ngun gc, tnh cht nc thi ........... 2
1). Ngun gc nc thi .. 2
2). Tnh cht nc thi ........... 2
II) Ngun tip nhn, tiu chun thi .. 3
1). Ngun tip nhn .. 3
2). Tiu chun thi 3
III) Cng sut h thng x l ........... 3
IV) Qui trnh x l ................................................................................................... 4
1). La chn qui trnh x l ............................................................................. 4
2). Thuyt minh s cng ngh ................................................................... 4
3). u v nhc im ca phng n x l .................................................... 7
V) Nhim v v mc ch ca bi tp ln ............................................................. 7
1). Mc ch ................................................................................................... 7
2). Nhim v ................................................................................................... 7
CHNG 2: TNH TON THIT K CHI TIT CC CNG TRNH
X L NC THI BT NGT ................................................. 8
A) LU LNG V H S KHNG IU HA ............................................ 8
B) TNH TON CNG TRNH X L NC THI ...................................... 9
I).
II).
III).
IV).
V).
VI).
VII).
VIII).
IX).
X).
XI).
Song chn rc 9
Hm bm tip nhn .. 11
B iu ha . 14
B lng t 1 .. 24
B trung ha .. 27
B bn hot tnh xo trn hon ton - B Aerotank ... 30
B lng t 2 .. 41
B kh trng .. 44
B nn bn .. 46
B phn hy bn k kh ............ 49
Sn phi bn ... 52
TI LIU THAM KHO ............ 54

PH LC
Bng v cc cng trnh x l nc thi trong trm x l (np km theo).
Bi tp ln mn hc k thut x l nc thi.
Page 1 of 54

THAM
O h thng x l nc thi
ton KHA
thit k
CHNG 1: TNG QUAN V NC THI BT NGT

V LA CHN CNG NGH X L
I) Ngun gc, tnh cht nc thi:
1). Ngun gc nc thi:
- Cc nh my sn xut bt ngt (ch yu l axit glutamic v lizin) dng nguyn liu
l bt sn, r ng, cc axit sunfuric, clohidric, canxi cacbonat, natri clorua, than hot tnh
cc mui khong (NH4)2SO4, KH2PO4, MgSO4, cng c th c ur hoc nc amoniac,
v.v Nc thi cc nh my gm c:
+ Nc lm mt my mc, thit b.
+ Nc sinh hot ca cn b cng nhn vin nh my.
+ Nc thi phn xng ch bin tinh bt t sn c (c m) v phn xng
ng ha t tinh bt bng axit sunfuric hay axit clohidric, cng nh x l r ung. Nc
thi y b nhim bn bi nng cao cc hidrat cacbon nh tinh bt, cc loi ng
(sacaroz, glucoz, dextrin), cc mu vn sn c, v sn, vn cn r ng v.v
+ Nc thi t phn xng ln men gm cc cn mi trng ln men c
nhiu ng cng vi xc vi khun, cc mui khong cng nh ur, mui amon, cc cht
bo, cht hot ng b mt d tha.
+ Nc thi t phn xng hon thnh sn phm rt giu cc cht hu c v
cht khong, nc ra sn v lm v sinh ni chung
+ Nc ma thu gom trn ton b din tch khu cng nghip.
2). Tnh cht nc thi:
- T cc ngun nc thi trn m nc thi nh my sn xut bt ngt b nhim
bi cc cht hu c dng l lng, ha tan vi nng cao v cha nhiu vi trng,
nhim bi cht bo, du m, nc c mu v mi kh chu. c im nc thi ca nh
my sn xut bt ngt nh bng 1.
Bng 1:c im nc thi ca nh my sn xut bt ngt
Ch s
Nhit
pH
BOD tb5
COD
Ntng
Ptng
Cht rn l lng (SS)
Coliform
n v
0
C
mgO2/l
Tr s
30 45
46
900
mgO2/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
MNP/100ml
1500
55
15
200
108
Page 2 of 54

THAM
O h thng x l nc thi
ton KHA
thit k
II) Ngun tip nhn, tiu chun thi:

1). Ngun tip nhn:
- Nc thi sau khi c x l qua h thng x l ca nh my c ra sng
(knh, rch), cc loi sng (knh, rch) ny c s dng cp nc cho khu dn c gn
. V vy nc sau khi x l phi t c tiu chun loi A theo tiu chun Vit Nam.
2). Tiu chun thi:
- Theo tiu chun loi A, ta c tiu chun thi nh bng 2.
Bng 2: Tiu chun nc thi u ra theo loi A (TCVN 5945:1995)
Ch s
Nhit
pH
BOD tb5
COD
Ntng
Ptng
Cht rn l lng (SS)
Coliform
n v
0
C
mgO2/l
Tr s
40
69
20
mgO2/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
MNP/100ml
50
30
4
50
103
III) Cng sut h thng x l:

- Cng sut: 2300m3/ngy m.
- iu kin mt bng: nm trong khu cng nghip, din tch t hn ch.
- Kt qu o lu lng v nng BOD5 theo gi th hin bng 3.
Page 3 of 54

THAM
O h thng x l nc thi
ton KHA
thit k
Bng 3: Dao ng lu lng v hm lng BOD5 theo gi trong ngy

Gi (h)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Tng
Q (m3/h)
50
40
40
40
30
45
70
180
190
150
100
82
90
100
165
126
114
120
110
105
100
91
90
72
2300
BOD5 (mg/l)
515
540
610
650
732
850
1020
1460
1525
1420
1325
920
900
885
820
1200
1026
870
730
725
895
740
610
520
21488
IV) Qui trnh x l:

1). La chn qui trnh x l:
- Da vo thnh phn, tnh cht nc thi u vo, mc x l v din tch mt
bng, hiu qu ca d n, tnh kh thi ca d n, chi ph u t, iu kin ca nh my, ta
c s cng ngh trm x l nc thi nh my ch bin bt ngt m t nh hnh 1.
2). Thuyt minh s cng ngh:
- Nc thi sn xut c dn theo ng thot nc ring ra h thng x l nc
thi. Nc thi sau khi c x l cc b ti tng nh my c thu gom bi h thng ng,
cng rnh chy qua song chn rc th nhm loi b cc rc c kch thc ln hn 15mm
ri v hm bm tip nhn c t m su dui mt t.
Page 4 of 54

THAM
O h thng x l nc thi
ton KHA
thit k
- Nc t hm bm tip nhn c bm vo b iu ha, b ny c nhim v iu

ha lu lng nc thi, gim th tch v tng hiu qu x l cho cc cng trnh x l pha
sau. gim bt mi hi, nc thi c thi kh lm thong s b v phn b cht bn
ng u khp b.
- Nc thi sau b iu ha c bm vo b lng 1. Ti y nc thi c loi b
cc tp cht l lng cn li trong nc thi sau khi qua cc cng trnh x l trc , cc
cht l lng c t trng ln hn t trng ca nc s lng xung y, cc cht c t trng
nh hn hn s ni ln trn mt nc v s c thit b gt cn tp trung n h ga t
bn ngoi b.
- Nc thi c nng pH ln khong 7 9 ti b trung ha to iu kin thun li
cho hot ng ca vi sinh vt nng cao hiu qu x l cho cc cng trnh x l sau ny v
m bo cho nc u ra t tiu chun. Nc thi c chm thm bi dung dch NaCl
bng bm nh lng trung ha tnh axit.
- Nc thi sau khi c x l s b c i qua cng on x l sinh hc. Nc
thi c a vo b Aerotank nhm x l cc cht hu c l lng tan trong nc. B c
khuy trn lin tc nhm duy tr s l lng ca bn. Sau mt thi gian nht nh, bng bn
ln dn v nc thi c a qua b lng 2. Mt phn bn c tun hon li b
Aerotank, mt phn bn d c a qua b nn bn. Nc qua mng trn ca b lng 2 i
vo b tip xc Clor kh trng. Nc thi sau khi qua h thng x l t tiu chun loi
A c thi ra sng, h, knh, rch.
- Bn hot tnh d b lng 2 c a v b lng 1, cng vi bn ti b lng 1
s c nn bn trong b lng 1 (b lng 1 kt hp vi b nn bn) nhm gim m. Sau
hn hp bn ny c a qua b n nh bn k kh phn hy mt phn ln lng
bn hu c c trong hn hp bn nh hot ng ca vi sinh vt k kh. Trong qu trnh ny
c sinh ra cc kh Biogas (ch yu l CH4) c thu gom lm cht t. Sau , phn bn
cn li s c a ti sn phi bn tch nc. Bn kh sau khi c tch nc c
vn chuyn n bi chn lp. Phn nc tch bn pht sinh t b n nh bn k kh v sn
phi bn c tun hon li v b iu ha v tip tc qua cc cng on x l nh trn.
Page 5 of 54

Tnh ton thit k h thng x l nc thi
S CNG NGH TRM X L

12
1
2
6
(b)
(a)
(c)
(e)
11
11
11
11
(d)
10
1. SONG CHN RC
2. HM BM TIP NHN
3. B IU HA
4. B TRUNG HA
5. B LNG I + B NN BN
6. B AREOTANK
7. B LNG II
8. B KH TRNG
9. CNG TRNH X
10. B PHN HY BN K KH
11. SN PHI BN
12. TRM KH NN
(a) Bn tun hon

(b) Bn d
(c) Bn lng
(d) Bn
(e) Nc tun hon
Hnh 1: S cng ngh trm x l nc thi nh my ch bin bt ngt
Page 6 of 54


3). u v nhc im ca phng n x l:

- Nc thi u vo c SS cao s dng cng trnh x l c hc, nc thi cha
ch yu cht hu c c kh nng phn hy sinh hc cao l thnh phn dinh dng thch
hp cho s pht trin ca vi sinh vt la chn tip theo l x l bng cng trnh x l
sinh hc. Nn s cng ngh c chn bao gm qu trnh x l 2 bc: x l bc 1 v x
l bc 2.
- Ngoi cc cht dinh dng, cht hu c cn thit cho s pht trin ca vi sinh vt,
cn c mt phn cc cht gy c ch (cht) cho vi sinh vt nh: hm lng kim loi, cc
axit v.v... gy kh khn v lm gim hiu qu ca qu trnh x l.
V) Nhim v v mc ch ca bi tp ln:
1). Mc ch:
- Tnh ton x l nc thi cho nh my sn xut bt ngt lm vic 24/24 c ch
thi nc khng u theo gi, cng sut 2300m3/ngy m nhm m bo nc thi u ra
c thi ra knh rch t tiu chun cho php (Tiu chun loi A TCVN 5947:1995).
2). Nhim v:
- Tm hiu ngun gc, tnh cht c trng, kh nng gy nhim ca nc thi nh
my sn xut bt ngt.
- Tng quan v cc phng php x l nc thi bt ngt.
- La chn cng ngh x l nc thi ph hp.
- Tnh ton thit k cc cng trnh x l nc thi.
- Tnh ton thit k cc cng trnh x l bn thi (pht sinh t qu trnh x l nc
thi).
- Bng v s cng ngh, mt bng trm x l, cao trnh ca cc cng trnh v bn
v chi tit cc cng trnh c trong h thng x l nc thi ca trm x l.
Page 7 of 54

CHNG 2: TNH TON THIT K CHI TIT CC

CNG TRNH X L NC THI BT NGT
A) LU LNG V H S KHNG IU HA
T bng 3 ta tm c:
- Lu lng gi ln nht:
Qhmax = 190m 3 / h
- Lu lng gi nh nht:
Q hmin = 30 m 3 / h
- Lu lng giy:
Q max
.1000 190.1000
q= h
=
= 52,8L / s
3600
3600
q = 52,8L/s
- Lu lng gi trung bnh:
Q tbh =
Q ngay
24
2300
= 95,8m 3 / h
24
Qhtb = 95 ,8 m 3 / h
Trm x l lm vic 3 ca (24h/24h), nn lu lng bm bng lu lng trung bnh gi:
Qb = Qhtb = 95 ,8 m 3 / h
- H s gi cao im:
=
K max
h
Q max
190
h
=
= 1,98
Q tbh
95,8
K hmax = 1 ,98
- H s gi nh nht:
=
K min
h
Q min
30
h
=
= 0,31
tb
Qh
95,8
K hmin = 0 ,31
Page 8 of 54

B) TNH TON CNG TRNH X L NC THI

I) Song chn rc
a) Nhim v:
Nhim v song chn rc l gi li cc tp cht c kch thc ln, ch yu l rc nh:
nhnh cy, l cy, vi vn, giy, bao nilng trnh gy nght bm, van, ng ng cnh
khuy hay gy cn tr cc cng trnh x l pha sau. Song chn rc c t trc hm
bm tip nhn v l cng trnh u tin trong thnh phn ca trm x l nc thi.
b) Tnh ton:
Do cng sut nh v lng rc khng ln nn ta c th chn song chn rc lm sch
bng th cng.
1). Kch thc mng t song chn:
- Chn vn tc dng chy trong mng:
- Chn kch thc mng:
v = 0,5m/s.
rng x su = B x H = 0,5m x 0,7m.
- Chiu cao lp nc trong mng:

Q max
190
h
=
= 0,21m
hn =
3600.v.B 3600.0,5.0,5
hn = 0,21m
2). Kch thc song chn:
- Chn kch thc thanh:
rng x dy = b x d = 8mm x 25mm
- Chn khong cch gia cc thanh:

- Chn nghing song chn:
- S thanh chn:
- Chn
w = 25mm
= 600
B = n.b + (n+1).w
500 = n.8 + (n+1).25
n = 14,4
n = 15 thanh
- Khong cch gia cc thanh iu chnh li:

500 = 15.8 + (15 + 1).w
w = 23,75mm
3). Tn tht p lc qua song chn:
- Tng tit din cc khe song chn:
A = (B b.n).h = (0,5 0,008.15).0,21 = 0,0798m2
A = 0,0798m2
Page 9 of 54

- Vn tc dng chy qua song chn:

V=
q
52,8
=
= 0,66m / s
A 0,0798.1000
V = 0,66m/s
- Tn tht p lc qua song chn:

hL =
1 V2 - v2
1 0,66 2 - 0,5 2
=
= 0,0135m = 13,5mm (150mm) (tha)
.
.
0,7
2g
0,7
2.9,81
hL = 0,0135m = 13,5mm
Hnh 2: S lp t song chn rc

c). Thng s thit k:
STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Tn thng s
Chiu rng mng
Chiu cao mng
Chiu rng song chn
B dy song chn
B rng khe
S thanh
nghing
n v
m
m
mm
mm
mm
thanh
0
S liu thit k
0,5
0,7
8
25
23,75
15
60
Page 10 of 54

II) Hm bm tip nhn

a) Nhim v:
Thu gom nc thi t cc ni trong nh my v trm x l. Hm bm c thit k
chm trong t m bo tt c cc loi nc thi t cc ni trong nh my t chy v h
thu. Nc thi c dn n qua mng dn hay h thng thot nc, qua song chn rc
v vo hm bm t c bm n cc cng trnh x l tip theo. Hm bm sau 1 thi
gian nht nh phi c v sinh.
b) Tnh ton:
1). Kch thc hm bm tip nhn:
- Thi gian lu nc: t (10 30)pht
Chn t = 10pht
- Th tch hm bm tip nhn:

Vb = Q hmax .t = 190.
10
= 31,67 m 3
60
Vb = 31,67m3
- Chn chiu su hu ch:
hhi = 2,5m
- Chn chiu cao an ton bng chiu su y ng cui cng:
hat = 0,7m
- Chiu su tng cng:

H = hhi + hat = 2,5 + 0,7 = 3,2m
H = 3,2m
- Gi s hm bm hnh trn, vy ng knh hm bm tip nhn:
D=
4 Vb
.
=
p h
4 31,67
= 4m
.
p 2,5
D = 4m
- Kch thc hm bm tip nhn:
D x H = 4m x 3,2m
2). ng knh ng dn nc:

- Chn bm nhng chm t ti hm bm c:
- Chn vn tc trong ng:
Q = Qhmax = 190 m 3 / h
v = 0,75m/s
- ng knh ca ng:
d ong =
4.Q
4.190
=
= 0 ,3m = 300mm
v.p
0 ,75.p.3600
dng = 300mm
Page 11 of 54

3). Cng sut my bm:

- Chn ng nha PVC c nhm:
e = 0,2mm
- nhm tng i ca ng dn:

n=
e 0,2
=
= 0,00067
d 300
n = 0,00067
- nht ca nc 250C:
= 0,95.10-3N.s/m2
- Khi lng ring ca nc 250C:
= 997kg/m3
- Tnh s Renold:
Re =
v.d.r 0,75.0,3.997
=
= 236131
m
0,95.10 -3
Re = 236131
y l ch chy ri. T Re = 236131 v n = 0,00067 tra trn th ta c h s

ma st:
= 0,019
- Tn tht ct p trn ng ng:
2
10
0,75 2
L
v
DH = l + z
= 0,019.
+ 4,8 .
= 0,156m
0,3
d
2g
2.9,81
H = 0,156m
Trong : - L: Chiu di ng nc y.
- z : Tng h s cc b.
Chn L = 10m
Chn z = 4 ,8
- Tng ct p ca bm:
Hb = H0 + H = 8 + 0,156 = 8,156m
Hb = 8,156m
Vi:
H0: Chiu cao bm nc t hm bm tip nhn ln b iu ha.

H0 (8 10)mH2O .
Chn H0 = 8mH2O
(0,72 0,93)
- Hiu sut chung ca bm:
Chn = 0,8
- Cng sut ca bm:

Nb =
Q max
190.997.9,81.8,156
h .r.g.H b
=
= 5,26kW
1000.h
1000.0,8.3600
Nb = 5,26kW
Page 12 of 54

- Cng sut bm thc t:

Ntt = 1,2Nb = 1,2.5,26 = 6,312kW
Ntt = 6,312kW = 8,443Hp
c). Thng s thit k:
STT
Tn thng s
1
Chiu cao tng
2
ng knh
3
Cng sut bm
n v
m
m
Hp
S liu thit k
3,2
4
8,443
Page 13 of 54

III) B iu ha
a) Nhim v:
iu ha lu lng v nng cht bn cho tng i n nh, gim kch thc v
chi ph cho cc cng trnh x l sau ny, iu ha cht lng nc thi qua nng cao
hiu qu x l ca cc cng trnh x l pha sau.
Trong b c tin hnh sc kh xo trn u nc thi v trnh s lng ca cc cht
xy ra trong b.
b) Tnh ton:
1). Xc nh th tch b iu ha:
a) Th tch tch ly:
- Th tch tch ly dng vo ca gi th i c xc nh theo cng thc:
VV(i) = VV(i-1) + QV(i)
Trong : - VV(i-1): Th tch tch ly dng vo ca gi trc , m3
- QV(i):
Lu lng nc thi ca gi ang xt (th i), m3/h
- Th tch tch ly bm i ca gi th i:
Vb(i) = Vb(i-1) + Qb(i)
Trong : - Vb(i-1): Th tch tch ly bm i ca gi trc , m3
- Qb(i):
Lu lng bm ca gi ang xt (th i), m3/h
b) Th tch b iu ha:
+ Theo phng php lp bng:
Da vo lu lng theo gi Qh, th tch tch ly vo VV(i) v th tch tch ly
bm i Vb(i), lp bng th tch tch ly theo gi trong ngy nh bng 4.
Th tch l thuyt b iu ha bng hiu i s gi tr dng ln nht v gi
tr m nh nht ca ct hiu s th tch tch ly.
- Th tch l thuyt b iu ha:
Vh(lt) = Vmax Vmin = 355,6 (-35,2) = 390,8m3
Vh(lt) = 390,8m3
- Th tch thc t b iu ha:
Vh(tt) = (1,1 1,2)Vh(lt) = 1,1.390,8 = 430m3
Vh(tt) = 430m3
Page 14 of 54


Bng 4: Th tch tch ly theo gi

Gi
(h)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Q
(m3/h)
50
40
40
40
30
45
70
180
190
150
100
82
90
100
165
126
114
120
110
105
100
91
90
72
Th tch tch
ly vo b (1)
(m3)
50
90
130
170
200
245
315
495
685
835
935
1017
1107
1207
1372
1498
1612
1732
1842
1947
2047
2138
2228
2300
Th tch tch
ly bm i (2)
(m3)
95.8
191.6
287.4
383.2
479
574.8
670.6
766.4
862.2
958
1053.8
1149.6
1245.4
1341.2
1437
1532.8
1628.6
1724.4
1820.2
1916
2011.8
2107.6
2203.4
2300
Hiu s th tch
tch ly (2) (1)
(m3)
45.8
101.6
157.4
213.2
279
329.8
355.6
271.4
177.2
123
118.8
132.6
138.4
134.2
65
34.8
16.6
-7.6
-21.8
-31
-35.2
-30.4
-24.6
0
+ Theo biu ng cong tch ly:

Da vo lu lng theo gi Qh, th tch tch ly vo VV(i) v th tch tch ly
bm i Vb(i), v biu ng cong tch ly theo gi trong ngy nh hnh 2.
V hai ng thng song song vi ng tch ly bm v tip tuyn vi
ng cong tch ly vo 2 cc tr. Th tch b iu ha l tng 2 khong cch thng
ng t 2 im tip tuyn n ng thng tch ly bm.
Page 15 of 54

Da vo th hnh 3, nh vo dc tip tuyn ca ng cong tch ly

vo so vi dc ca ng tch ly bm ta c th xc nh c mc nc thp
nht trong b vo lc 7h (ng vi Vmax = 355,6m3) v mc nc cao nht trong b vo
lc 21h (ng vi Vmin = 35,2m3).
- Th tch l thuyt b iu ha:
Vh(lt) = Vmax Vmin = 355,6 (-35,2) = 390,8m3
Vh(lt) = 390,8m3
- Th tch thc t b iu ha:
Vh(tt) = (1,1 1,2)Vh(lt) = 1,1.390,8 = 430m3
Vh(tt) = 430m3
Hnh 3: Biu ng cong tch ly
www.vinawater.org
Th tch tch ly bm
Th tch tch ly vo
2). Kch thc b iu ha:

Chn b c dng hnh ch nht:
Chn:
Chiu cao lp nc ln nht: hmax(2,5 5)m. Chn hmax = 4,5m

Chiu cao bo v:
hbv = 0,3m
Page 16 of 54

- Chiu cao tng cng b iu ha:

H = hmax + hbv = 4,5 + 0,3 = 4,8m
H = 4,8m
- Din tch mt ct ngang b:
A=
Vdh ( tt )
H
430
= 90m 2
4,8
A = 90m2
Chn chiu di, chiu rng ca b:
L = 10m
W = 9m
- Kch thc b iu ha:

L x W x H = 10m x 9m x 4,8m
3). Hiu qu ca b iu ha i vi ti lng BOD5:
Da vo kt qu phn tch biu ng cong tch ly hoc bng th tch tch ly
theo gi, ta thy thi im b cn nht l 7h. Thi im tnh ton bt u t 8h.
- Th tch nc trong b iu ha gi th i:
Vi = Vi-1 + Vin(i) Vout(i)
Trong : - Vi:
(1)
Th tch nc trong b iu ha g ang xt (i).
- Vi-1: Th tch nc trong b iu ha g trc (i-1).

- Vin(i): Lng nc vo b gi ang xt (i).
- Vout(i): Lng nc bm ra b gi ang xt (i).
Gi s khi nc trong b iu ha c xo trn hon ton.
- Hm lng BOD5 trung bnh bm ra khi b gi th i :
S out ( i ) =
Vin ( i ) . S in ( i ) + V i -1 . S i -1
V in ( i ) + Vi - 1
(2)
Trong : - Sout(i): Hm lng BOD5 trung bnh ca dng ra gi ang xt (i).

- Sin(i): Hm lng BOD5 trung bnh ca dng vo gi ang xt (i).
- Vi-1: Th tch nc trong b iu ha gi trc (i-1).
- Vin(i): Lng nc vo b gi ang xt (i).
- Ti lng BOD5 ca dng vo gi th i:
vao
Lvao
BOD ( i ) = Q h ( i ) . BOD i
(3)
Page 17 of 54

- Ti lng BOD5 ca dng ra gi th i:

LraBOD ( i ) = Qb .BODira
(4)
Trong : - Lvao
BOD ( i ) : Ti lng BOD5 vo b gi th i.
- LraBOD ( i ) :
Ti lng BOD5 ra b gi th i.
- Qh(i):
Lu lng nc thi vo gi th i.
- Qb :
Lu lng bm ra khi b gi th i.
- BOD ivao : Hm lng BOD5 vo b gi th i.

- BOD ira : Hm lng BOD5 ra khi b gi th i.
(BOD
(BOD
vao
i
= S in( i ) )
ra
i
= S out ( i ) )
T cc cng thc (1),(2),(3),(4) ta tnh th cc thng s trn ti gi th 8 (do thi

im tnh ton bt u t 8h) v gi th 9.
+ Th tch nc vo trong b iu ha lc 8h:
V8 = V7 + Vin(8) - Vout(8) = 0 + 180 95,8 = 84,2m3
+ Th tch nc vo trong b iu ha lc 9h:
V9 = V8 + Vin(9) - Vout(9) = 84,2 + 190 95,8 = 178,4m3
+ Hm lng BOD5 trung bnh bm ra khi b iu ha lc 8h:
Sout (8) =
Vin (8 ) .Sin (8) + V7 .S 7
Vin (8) + V7
180.1460 + 0.1020
= 1460 mg / l
180 + 0
+ Hm lng BOD5 trung bnh bm ra khi b iu ha lc 9h:

Sout ( 9) =
Vin ( 9) .Sin ( 9) + V8 .S8

Vin (9 ) + V8
190.1525 + 84,2.1460
= 1505mg / l
190 + 84,2
+ Ti lng BOD5 dng vo lc 8h:

vao
Lvao
= 180.10 3.1460.10 -6 = 262,8kgBOD 5 / h
BOD ( 8 ) = Q h ( 8 ) .BOD 8
+ Ti lng BOD5 dng vo lc 9h:

vao
Lvao
= 190.10 3.1525.10 -6 = 289,75kgBOD 5 / h
BOD ( 9 ) = Q h ( 9 ) .BOD 9
+ Ti lng BOD5 dng ra vo lc 8h:

LraBOD (8) = Q b .BOD 8ra = 95,8.10 3.1460.10 -6 = 139,87 kgBOD 5 / h
+ Ti lng BOD5 dng ra vo lc 9h:
LraBOD ( 9) = Q b .BOD 9ra = 95,8.10 3.1505.10 -6 = 144,18kgBOD 5 / h
Page 18 of 54

(Ghi ch: Lc 7h b cn nc nht, nn th tch nc trong b iu ha lc V7 = 0).

T cc cng thc (1),(2),(3),(4) v cch tnh tng t nh trn ta lp bng tnh ton
hm lng BOD5 trung bnh v ti lng BOD5 trc v sau b iu ha nh bng 5.
Bng 5: Tnh ton hm lng BOD5 trung bnh v ti lng BOD5 trc v sau b
iu ha
Lu
lng
Gi vo Qh(i)
(h)
(m3)
8
180
9
190
10
150
11
100
12
82
13
90
14
100
15
165
16
126
17
114
18
120
19
110
20
105
21
100
22
91
23
90
24
72
1
50
2
40
3
40
4
40
5
30
6
45
7
70
TB
95,8
Th tch
nc
trong b
(m3)
84.2
178.4
232.6
236.8
223
217.2
221.4
290.6
320.8
339
363.2
377.4
386.6
390.8
386
380.2
355.6
310.6
254.8
199
143.2
77.4
26.6
0
BOD5
vo
(mg/l)
1460
1525
1420
1325
920
900
885
820
1200
1026
870
730
725
895
740
610
520
515
540
610
650
732
850
1020
900
BOD5
ra
(mg/l)
1460
1505.04
1477.04
1391.44
1220.83
914.25
895.27
857.24
934.93
1154.38
985.22
837.46
728.91
759.94
865.72
715.42
595.67
519.38
517.85
549.50
616.69
664.20
775.38
973.19
913.123
Ti lng
BOD5 trc
iu ha
(kgBOD5/h)
262.8
289.75
213
132.5
75.44
81
88.5
135.3
151.2
116.96
104.4
80.3
76.13
89.5
67.34
54.9
37.44
25.75
21.6
24.4
26
21.96
38.25
71.4
95.25
Ti lng
BOD5 sau
iu ha
(kgBOD5/h)
139.87
144.18
141.50
133.30
116.96
87.59
85.77
82.12
89.57
110.59
94.38
80.23
69.83
72.80
82.94
68.54
57.06
49.76
49.61
52.64
59.08
63.63
74.28
93.23
87.48
4). So snh lu lng v ti lng ca nc thi trc v sau b iu ha:

Ta lp Biu lu lng trc v sau b nh hnh 4 so snh lu lng nc
thi trc v sau b iu ha, v Biu ti lng BOD5 trc v sau b nh hnh 5
so snh ti lng BOD5 ca nc thi trc v sau b iu ha.
Page 19 of 54


Hnh 4: Biu lu lng trc v sau b
Hnh 5: Biu ti lng BOD5 trc v sau b
Page 20 of 54

5). Cng sut my bm:

Nb =
Q b .r.g.H b 95,8.997.9,81.10
=
= 3,26kW
1000.h
1000.0,8.3600
Nb = 3,26kW
- Cng sut bm thc t:

Ntt = 1,2Nb = 1,2.3,26 = 3,912kW
Ntt = 3,912kW = 5,126Hp
Trong : - Cc h s , g, tnh nh phn Hm bm tip nhn.
- Hb: Ct p bm, Hb (8 10)m. Chn
Hb = 10m
6). Tnh ton h thng cp kh cho b iu ha bng kh nn:

- Lng khng kh cn thit:
L khi = Q htb .a = 95,8.3,74 = 359m 3 / h
Lkh = 359m3/h = 0,1m3/s
Trong : - a: Lu lng khng kh cp cho b iu ha. Chn
a = 3,74 m3 kh/m3 nc thi
- Q tbh : Lu lng nc thi trung bnh gi. Qhtb = 95,8m3/h
Chn h thng ng cp kh bng PVC c c l, bao gm 3 ng t dc theo chiu
di b (10m), cc ng cch nhau 2,5m.
- Lu lng kh trong mi ng:
q ong =
L khi 359
=
= 120m 3 / h
3
3
qng = 120m3/h
- ng knh ng dn kh:
d ong =
4.q ong
p.v ong .3600
4.120
= 0,065m = 65mm
p.10.3600
dng = 65mm
Trong : - vng: Vn tc kh trong ng, vng (10 15)m/s. Chn vng = 10m/s
Chn ng ng = 65mm, ng knh cc l:
Vn tc kh qua l:
dl = (2 5)mm. Chn dl = 3mm
vl (5 20)m/s. Chn
vl = 15m/s.
Page 21 of 54

- Lu lng kh qua 1 l:
q lo = v lo .
p.d 2lo
p.0,003 2
.3600 = 0,382m 3 / h
= 15.
4
4
ql = 0,382m3/h
- S l trn mt ng:
N lo =
q ong
q lo
120
= 315 l
0,382
Nl = 315 l
- S l trn 1m di:
n lo =
N lo 315
=
= 31,5 l/m
L
10
nl = 32l/m
7). Cng sut my nn kh:

- p lc v cng sut ca h thng nn kh:
Hct = hd + hc + hr + H
Trong :
hd: Tn tht p lc do ma st dc theo chiu di ng dn (m).

hc: Tn tht cc b (m).
hr: Tn tht qua thit b phn phi (m).
H: Chiu su hu ch ca b tc su ngp nc ca ming vi
phun, H = 4m.
Tng tn tht hd v hc thng khng vt qu 0,4m. Chn
hd + hc = 0,4m
Tn tht hf thng khng vt qu 0,5m. Chn hf = 0,5m.

Do p lc cn thit s l:
Hct = 0,4 + 0,5 + 4 = 4,9m
Hct = 4,9m
- p lc my nn kh ca my thi kh l:
P=
10,33 + 4,9
= 1,474at
10,33
P = 1,474at
Page 22 of 54

- Cng sut ca my nn kh:

G .R .T1 P2
N = kk

29,7.n.h P1
0 , 283
0,12.8,314.293
.[1,474 0, 283 - 1] = 5,05kW
- 1 =
29,7.0,283.0,8
N = 5,05kW = 6,73Hp
Vi: Gkk:
khi lng ca dng khng kh:

G = Lkk . kk = 0,1.1,2 = 0,12kg/s
Gkk = 0,12kg/s
kk:
khi lng ring ca khng kh 200C, kk = 1,2kg/m3
R:
hng s ca kh,
T1 :
nhit u vo ca khng kh,
P1:
p sut tuyt i ca khng kh u vo, P1 = 1at
P2:
p sut tuyt i ca khng kh u ra, P2 = 1,474at

k - 1 1,395 - 1
n = 0,283
n=
=
= 0,283
k
1,395
n:
R = 8,314 KJ/K.mol 0K
T1 = 2930K
k:
hng s i vi khng kh,
k = 1,395
hiu sut ca my, chn
= 80%
c). Thng s thit k:

STT
1
2
3
4
5
Tn thng s
Chiu cao b
Chiu rng b
Chiu di b
Cng sut bm
Cng sut my nn
n v
m
m
m
Hp
Hp
S liu thit k
4,8
9
10
5,126
6,73
Page 23 of 54

IV) B lng t 1
a) Nhim v:
Loi b cc tp cht l lng cn li trong nc thi sau khi qua cc cng trnh x l
trc . y, cc cht l lng c t trng ln hn t trng ca nc s lng xung y,
cc cht c t trng nh hn s ni ln trn mt nc v s c thit b gt cn tp trung
n h ga t bn ngoi b. Hm lng cht l lng sau b lng 1 cn t 150mg/l
trc khi a vo cc cng trnh x l sinh hc.
b) Tnh ton:
Qtbh = 95 ,8 m 3 / h
Q tb = 95 ,5.24 = 2300 m 3 / ngy

ng
Chn b lng t 1 dng trn, nc thi vo t tm v thu nc theo chu vi b (b

lng ly tm).
1). Din tch b mt lng:
Ti trng b mt:
LA (32 48) m3/m2.ngy
Chn LA= 40 m3/m2.ngy
- Din tch b mt lng:

Q ng
2300
A = tb =
= 57,5m 2
LA
40
A = 57,5m2
2). ng knh b lng:
D=
4A
4.57,5
=
= 8,6m
p
p
D = 8,6m
3). ng knh ng trung tm:

Ta c:
dtt (15 20%)D
Chn 20%D nn:
dtt = 20%D = 0,2.8,6 = 1.72m

dtt = 1,72m
4). Chiu cao b lng :
Chiu su hu ch b lng: H (3 4,6)m
Chiu cao lp trung ha:
hth = 0,2m
Chiu cao lp bn lng:
hb = 0,7m
Chiu cao lp an ton:
hat = 0,3m
Chn H = 3,7m
Page 24 of 54

Chiu cao tng cng: Htc = 3,7+0,2+0,7+0,3 = 4,9m

Htc = 4,9m
5). Chiu cao ng trung tm:
htt (55 65%)H
Chn 60%H nn:
htt = 60%H = 0,6.3,7 = 2,22m

htt = 2,22m
6). Kim tra li thi gian lu nc b lng:
- Th tch phn lng:
V=
p 2
p
( D - d 2 )h = (8,6 2 - 1,72 2 ).3,7 = 206,2m 3
4
4
V = 206,2m3
- Thi gian lu nc:

HRT = q =
V
206,2
=
= 2,2h
h
Q tb
95,8
> 1,5h (tha)
HRT = = 2,2h
7). Ti trng mng trn:
Q ng
2300
L S = tb =
= 85,2m 3 / m.ng
pD p.8,6
< 500 m3/m.ngy (tha)
LS = 85,2m3/m.ngy
8). dc y b: i (4 10)%
Chn i = 10%
i = 10%
9). Chn chiu cao v ng knh cc ng phn phi:
- ng knh ng loe:
dloe = 1,35.dtt = 1,35.1,72 = 2,322m

dloe = 2,322m
- ng knh ng chn:
dchn = 1,3.dloe = 1,3.2,322 = 3,02m

dchn = 3,02m
- Chiu cao ng loe:
hloe (0,2 0,5)m
Chn hloe = 0,3m
hloe = 0,3m
- Chiu cao ng chn:
hchn (0,2 0,5)m
Chn hchn = 0,3m
hchn = 0,3m
Page 25 of 54

10). Hiu qu lng cn l lng v kh BOD5:

Theo cng thc thc nghim ca cc nh khoa hc M:
R=
Trong :
q
a + b .q
R: Hiu qu kh BOD5 hoc SS biu th bng (%).

: Thi gian lu nc (h).
a,b: Hng s thc nghim.
a) Hiu qu lng cn l lng SS:

Vi SS ta c:
a = 0,0075h ; b = 0,014
R SS =
2,2
= 57,44%
0,0075 + 0,014.2,2
RSS = 57,44%
b) Hiu qu kh BOD5:
Vi BOD5 ta c:
a = 0,018h ; b = 0,02
R BOD =
5
2,2
= 35,5%
0,018 + 0,02.2,2
RBOD = 35 ,5%
5
c). Thng s thit k:

STT
1
2
3
4
Tn thng s
Chiu cao tng
ng knh
Chiu cao ct nc
dc y b
n v
m
m
m
%
S liu thit k
4,9
8,6
4,6
10
Page 26 of 54

V) B trung ha
a) Nhim v:
Dng nng lng cnh khuy to ra dng chy ri trn u nc thi vi cc ha
cht cho vo iu chnh pH nc thi nm trong khong thch hp (pH = 6,5 7,5) v
cung cp thm dinh dng cho hot ng ca vi sinh vt.
b) Tnh ton:
ng dn nc thi vo y b, dung dch st NaOH cho vo ngay ca ng dn vo
b, nc i t di ln trn qua ng thu nc pha kia ca thnh b dn sang
Aerotank.
- Chn thi gian khuy trn: tkt = 60s
- Chn cng khuy trn: G = 800s-1
tn = 200C
- Nhit nc:
1). Th tch b trn:
V = Q htb .t kt =
95,8
.60 = 1,6m 3
3600
V = 1,6m3
Chn b trn trn.
2). Kch thc b:
Chn:
- Chiu cao hu ch:
Hhi = 2m
- Chiu cao bo v:
hbv = 0,3m
- Chiu cao tng cng:

Htc = Hhi + hbv = 2 + 0,3 = 2,3m
Htc = 2,3m
- ng knh b:
D=
4.V
=
p.H
4.1,6
= 1m
p.2
D = 1m
3). Kch thc tm chn:
Trong b t 4 tm chn ngn chuyn ng xoy ca nc.
- Chiu cao tm chn:
Hch = 1,8m
- Chiu rng tm chn: Wch = 0,1.D = 0,1.1 = 0,1m

Wch = 0,1m
Page 27 of 54

4). Thng s my khuy :

Dng my khuy tuabin 4 cnh nghing gc 450 hng ln trn a nc t di
ln.
- Chn: ng knh my khuy:
Dkh = 0,35m
Chiu rng cnh khuy:
Wkh = 0,07m
Chiu di cnh khuy:
Lkh = 0,09m
Hiu sut ng c:
= 0,7
- My khuy t cch y 1 on: h = 0,35m

- Nng lng cn truyn vo nc:
P = G2.V. = 8002.1,6.0,001 = 1,024kW
P = 1,024kW
- Cng sut ng c:
N=
P 1,024
=
= 1,47 kW
h
0,7
N = 1,47kW = 1,96Hp
- S vng quay:
P
n =
5
K.r.D kh
3
1,024
3
=
= 5,65 vng/s
5
1,08.1000.0,35
n = 5,65vng/s = 339vng/pht
Trong :
: nht ng lc ca nc,
= 0,001Pa.s
: Khi lng ring ca nc,
= 1000kg/m3
K: H s hiu chnh,
K = 1,08
Phi c hp gim tc cho ng c.

- ng knh ng dn nc ra v dn nc vo ly nh sau:
dra = dvo = 300mm
Page 28 of 54

5). Tnh lng st NaOH s dng trung ha:

- Do pH ca dung dch nc thi u vo l 4 (pH = 4) nn C M
H+
= 10 -4 mol / l
- S mol H+ c trong lu lng dng vo:

N H = C M .Q tbh = 10 - 4.
+
H+
95,8.1000
= 0,16mol / pht
60
N H = 0 ,16 mol / pht

+
- Phng trnh phn ng:

NaOH
H+
0,16
0,16
Na+
H2 O
- Da vo phng trnh ta c s mol NaOH cn dng l: nNaOH = 0,16mol/pht

- Chn dung dch NaOH vo c nng : C M
NaOH
= 1mol / l = 1 M
- Lng NaOH cn dng:

VNaOH =
n NaOH
0,16
=
= 0,16L / pht
CM
1
NaOH
VNaOH = 0,16L/pht = 230,4L/ngy

c). Thng s thit k:
STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Tn thng s
Chiu cao tng b
ng knh
Chiu cao tm chn
Chiu rng tm chn
Cng sut my khuy
S vng quay
Lng NaOH s dng
n v
m
m
m
m
Hp
vng/s
L/ngy
S liu thit k
2,3
1
1,8
0,1
1,96
5,65
230,4
www.vinawater.org
Page 29 of 54

VI) B bn hot tnh xo trn hon ton - B Aerotank

a) Nhim v:
B Aerotank c s dng kh ph bin trong cc qu trnh x l sinh hc hiu kh,
tc l qu trnh phn hy cc cht hu c ha tan khng lng c nh cc vi sinh vt hiu
kh c s dng Oxy ha tan. Ty thuc vo thnh phn nc thi c th, cc cht dinh
dng, ch yu l N v P s c b sung gia tng kh nng phn hy sinh hc ca vi
sinh vt. Nc thi cha 1 lng ln cht hu c, do chng c a vo b Aerotank
vi sinh vt phn hy chng thnh cc cht v c nh: CO2, H2O... v to thnh sinh khi
mi, gp phn lm gim COD v BOD ca nc thi.
b) Tnh ton:
1). Cc thng s tnh ton:
- BOD5 trung bnh sau b iu ha l:
913,123mgO2/L.
- Hm lng BOD5 vo Aerotank (ra b lng t I):

S0 = 913,123.(1 0,355) = 589mgO2/L
S0 = 589mgO2/L
Theo kt qu thc nghim ta tm c cc thng s ng hc nh sau:
- H s bn vn tc:
KS = 50mg/L
- Hm lng c cht:
Y = 0,5mgVSS/mgBOD5
- H s phn hy:
kd = 0,05ngy-1
C th p dng cc iu kin sau cho tnh ton qu trnh bn hot tnh xo trn hon
ton:
a) Hm lng vi sinh, cht hu c c trong bn:
MLVSS:MLSS = 0,75.
b) Hm lng bn tun hon:
Xu = 12000mgSS/l.
c) Hm lng bn hot tnh trong b Aerotank:
MLVSS = 3500mg/l.
d)Thi gian lu bn trung bnh:
c = 10ngy.
e) T s BOD5 so vi BODL (BOD cui cng):
BOD5:BODL= 0,68.
f) BOD5 sau lng II t tiu chun loi A, cn li l:
20mgO2/l.
g) Nc thi sau lng II cha 20mgSS/L cn sinh hc, trong c 65% cn d

phn hy sinh hc.
h) T s BOD5:N:P = 900 : 55 : 15 = 100 : 6,1 :1,6 nn cht dinh dng a lng
cho vi sinh pht trin. Gi s cc cht dinh dng vi lng cng cho sinh trng t
bo.
Page 30 of 54

2). Xc nh BOD5 ha tan sau lng II theo mi quan h sau y:

Tng BOD5 = BOD5 ha tan + BOD5 ca cn l lng
Xc nh BOD5 ca cn l lng u ra:
- Hm lng cn sinh hc d phn hy:
VSS = 0,65.20 = 13mg/L
VSS = 13mg/L
- BODL ca cn l lng d phn hy sinh hc ca nc thi sau lng II:
BODL = 13.1,42 = 18,46mgO2/L
BODL = 18,46mgO2/L
- BOD5 ca cn l lng ca nc thi sau b lng II:
BOD5 = 18,46.0,68 = 12,55mgO2/L
BOD5 = 12,55mgO2/L
- BOD5 ha tan ca nc thi sau b lng II:
20 = C + 12,55
C = 7,45mgO2/L
BOD5 ha tan = 7,45mgO2/L

3). Hiu qu x l BOD5 ca b Aerotank:
E BOD =
5
S0 - S
589 - 20
.100 =
.100 = 96,6%
S0
589
E BOD = 96 ,6%
5
4). Tnh th tch v cc kch thc b Aerotank:

- Th tch b:
Vr =
q c .Q.Y.(S 0 - S) 10.2300.0,6.(589 - 7,45)

=
= 1480m 3
X.(1 + k d .q c )
3500.(1 + 0,055.10)
Vr = 1480m3
V1 = V2 = 1480 : 2 = 740m3
Chia thnh 2 n nguyn:

- Chn chiu cao hu ch:
H = 4m
- Chn chiu cao bo v:
hbv = 0,3m
- Chiu cao tng:
Htc = H + hbv = 4 + 0,3 = 4,3m.

Htc = 4,3m
- Chn t s: rng : cao = W : H = 2 : 1.

Page 31 of 54

- Chiu rng b l:
W = 2.H = 2.4 = 8m.

W = 8m
L=
- Chiu di b l:
V1
740
=
= 23m.
H.W 4.8
L = 23m
- Kch thc b:
L x W x Htc = 23m x 8m x 4,3m
5). Thi gian lu nc ca b Aerotank:

HRT = q =
V 1480
=
.24 = 15,44h
Q 2300
HRT = = 15,44h
6). Tnh lng bn d thi ra mi ngy:
- H s sn lng quan st:
Yobs =
Y
0,6
=
= 0,387 mgVSS / mgBOD 5
1 + k d .q c 1 + 0,055.10
Yobs = 0,387mgVSS/mgBOD5
- Lng bn d sinh ra mi ngy theo VSS:

Px(VSS) = Yobs.Q.(BOD0 BOD5 ha tan) = 0,387.2300.(589 7,45).10-3
Px(VSS) = 518kgVSS/ngy
- Lng bn sinh ra mi ngy theo SS:
Px ( SS) =
Px ( VSS)
0,75
518
= 691kgSS / ngy
0,75
Px(SS) = 691kgSS/ngy
Q, S0, Xo
B Aerotank
B lng
Qe, S, Xe
Qr, Xr, S
Hnh 6 :S lm vic ca h thng

Qw,Xr
Page 32 of 54

- Lng bn d cn x l mi ngy:
Lng bn d cn x l = Tng lng bn - Lng SS tri ra khi lng II
Md(SS) = 691 2300.20.10-3 = 645kgSS/ngy
Md(SS) = 645kgSS/ngy
- Lng bn d c kh nng phn hy sinh hc cn x l:
Md(VSS) = Md(SS).0,75 = 645.0,75 = 484kgVSS/ngy
Md(VSS) = 484kgVSS/ngy
Gi s hm lng bn hot tnh lng y b lng c hm lng cht rn CSS = 1,2%
v khi lng ring l = 1012kg/m3.
- Lu lng bn d cn x l:
Qw =
M du (SS )
r.CSS
645
= 53,11m 3 / ngy
1012.0,012
Qw = 53,11m3/ngy
C th tnh theo cng thc sau:
qc =
1480.3500
Vr .X
10 =
Q w .12000.0,75 + (2300 - Q w ).(20.0,75)
Q w .X r + (Q - Q du )X e
Qw = 53,81m3/ngy
7). Tnh lu lng bn tun hon:

- Hm lng bn hot tnh trong b Aerorank:
MLSS= MLVSS : 0,75 = 3500 : 0,75 = 4667mgSS/L
MLSS = 4667mgSS/L
Gi s X0 = 0 v Qr = Q. H s tun hon:
a=
X
4667
=
= 0,63
X u - X 12000 - 4667
= 0,63
- Lu lng bn tun hon:

Qr = Q = 0,63.2300 = 1449m3/ngy = 60,4m3/h
Qr = 60,4m3/h
Page 33 of 54

8). Kim tra ti trng th tch:

L BOD =
5
Q.S 0 2300.589
=
= 0,92 kgBOD 5 / m 3 . ngy (0,8 1,9) (tha).
-3
Vr
1480.10
LBOD = 0 ,92 kgBOD5 / m 3 . ngy
5
9). Kim tra t s F/M:

F/ M =
S0
589
=
= 0,26 ngy-1 (0,2 0,6)ngy-1 (tha).
15
,
44
q.X
.3500
24
F/M = 0,26ngy-1
10). Tnh lng kh cn thit cho qu trnh bn hot tnh:

Chn: - Hiu sut chuyn ha O2 ca thit b khuych tn kh:
E = 9%.
- H s an ton tnh cng sut thc ca my thi kh: (1,2 2,5) f = 2.

- Lng BODL tiu th trong qu trnh sinh hc bn hot tnh:
M BOD
Q.(S0 - S) 2300.(589 - 7,45).10 -3

=
=
= 1967 kgBOD L / ngy
0,68
0,68
M BOD = 1967 kgBODL / ngy
L
- Nhu cu O2 cho qu trnh:

M O = M BOD - 1,42.Px ( VSS) = 1967 - 1,42.518 = 1231,44kgO 2 / ngy
2
M O = 1231 ,44 kgO2 / ngy

2
Khng kh cha 23,2% trng lng O2 v khi lng ring ca khng kh 1,2kg/m3
( 200C).
- Lng khng kh l thuyt cho qu trnh:
M kk =
MO
0,232.1,2
1231,44
= 4423,3m 3 / ngy
0,232.1,2
Mkk = 4423,3m3/ngy
- Kim tra lng khng kh cn thit cho xo trn hon ton:
q kk =
M kk
4423,3.1000
=
= 23,6L / m 3 . pht (20 40L/m3.pht) (tha)
E.Vr 0,09.1480.1440
qkk = 23,6L/m3.pht
Page 34 of 54

Nh vy lng kh cp cho qu trnh bn hot tnh cng cho nhu cu xo trn

hon ton.
11). Tnh ton cho my thi kh v h thng nn kh:
- Lu lng kh cn thit ca my thi kh:
Q kk = f .
M kk
4423,3
= 2.
= 68,26m 3 / pht
E
0,09.1440
Qkk = 68,26m3/pht = 1,14m3/s
- p lc v cng sut ca h thng nn kh:

Hct = hd + hc + hr + H
Trong :
hd: Tn tht p lc do ma st dc theo chiu di ng dn (m).

hc: Tn tht cc b (m).
hr: Tn tht qua thit b phn phi (m).
H: Chiu su hu ch ca b tc su ngp nc ca ming vi
phun, H = 4m.
Tng tn tht hd v hc thng khng vt qu 0,4m. Chn
hd + hc = 0,4m
Tn tht hf thng khng vt qu 0,5m. Chn hf = 0,5m.

Do p lc cn thit s l:
Hct = 0,4 + 0,5 + 4 = 4,9m
Hct = 4,9m
- p lc my nn kh ca my thi kh l:
P=
10,33 + 4,9
= 1,474at
10,33
P = 1,474at
- Cng sut ca my nn kh:

0 , 283
1,37.8,314.293
G kk .R .T1 P2
N=
- 1 =
.[1,474 0, 283 - 1] = 57,6kW

29,7.n.h P1
29,7.0,283.0,8
N = 57,6kW = 76,8Hp
Vi: Gkk:
khi lng ca dng khng kh:

G = Qkk . kk = 1,14.1,2 = 1,37kg/s
Gkk = 1,37kg/s
kk:
khi lng ring ca khng kh 200C, kk = 1,2kg/m3
Page 35 of 54

R = 8,314 KJ/K.mol 0K
R:
hng s ca kh,
T1 :
nhit u vo ca khng kh,
P1:
p sut tuyt i ca khng kh u vo, P1 = 1at
P2:
p sut tuyt i ca khng kh u ra, P2 = 1,474at

k - 1 1,395 - 1
n = 0,283
n=
=
= 0,283
k
1,395
n:
T1 = 2930K
k:
hng s i vi khng kh,
k = 1,395
hiu sut ca my, chn
= 80%
Chn dng a xp, c mng phn phi dng mn, ng knh = 170mm, din tch
b mt F = 0,02m2. Cng thi kh v = 200L/pht.a = 12m3/h.a.
ngp su nc ca thit b phn phi h = 4m (ly gn ng bng chiu su b).
- S a cn phn phi trong b:
N=
Q kk 68,26.60
=
= 341,3 a
v
12
Chn
N = 344a
- Vy mi Aerotank cn b tr:
n=
N 344
=
= 172 a
2
2
n = 172a
Cch b tr u phn phi kh:

- T ng chnh chia thnh 22 ng nhnh, trn mi ng nhnh c 8 u phn phi.
- Theo chiu di ca b l 23m ta b tr nh sau: khong cch gia 2 ng nhnh
ngoi cng vi thnh b l 0,5m, khong cch gia 2 ng nhnh l 1,047m.
- Trn mi ng nhnh b tr u phn phi: khong cch gia 2 u phn phi
ngoi cng n thnh b l 0,5m v khong cch gia 2 u phn phi kh l 1m.
- Tr : t gia 2 a k nhau tng tr mt.
- Kch thc tr :
L x W x H = 0,2m x 0,2m x 0,2m
12). Tnh ton ng ng dn kh:

- Vn tc kh trong ng dn kh chnh vkh (10 15)m/s. Chn
vkh = 12m/s
- ng knh ng phn phi chnh:

d ong =
4.Q kk
=
p.v khi
4.1,14
= 0,348m
12.p
Page 36 of 54

Chn ng st trng km c:
ng = 350mm
T ng chnh ny chia thnh 2 ng cp kh cho 2 b Aerotank, ng knh mi ng

ng = 200mm.
T mi ng nhnh ta phn lm 22 ng nhnh phn phi kh vo b.
S ng phn phi kh nh sau:
www.vinawater.org
o n g n h a n h n g
o n g c h n h
o n g n h a n h n g a n g
Hnh 7: S ng phn phi kh

- Lng kh qua mi ng nhnh:
Q 'k =
Q kk
1,14
=
= 0,026m 3 / s
2 x 22 2 x 22
Qk' = 0 ,026 m 3 / s
Chn vn tc kh qua mi ng nhnh:
vnhnh = 20m/s
- ng knh ng nhnh:
d nhanh =
4.Q 'k
=
p.v nhanh
Chn loi ng st trng km c:
4.0,026
= 0,04m
20.p
nhnh = 50mm
- Kim tra li vn tc:

- Vn tc kh trong ng chnh:
v chinh =
4.Q kk
4.1,14
=
= 10m / s
2
p.d ong p.0,35 2
vchnh = 10m/s
Page 37 of 54

- Vn tc kh trong ng nhnh:
v nhanh
4.Q 'k
4.0,026
=
=
= 13,2m / s
p.d 2nhanh p.0,05 2
vnhnh = 13,2m/s
13). Tnh ton ng ng dn nc thi vo b:

Chn vn tc nc thi trong ng: v (0,3 0,7)m/s. Chn v = 0,7m/s
- Lu lng nc thi vo mi b:
Q1 =
Q ngay
2
2300
= 0,0133m / s
2.24.3600
Q1 = 0,0133m/s
- ng knh ca ng:
d ong =
Chn ng PVC c:
4.Q
4.0,0133
=
= 0,1555m
p.v
p.0,7
ng = 150mm
- Vn tc thc nc chy trong ng:

v=
4.Q
4.0,0133
=
= 0,75m / s
2
p.d ong
p.0,15 2
v = 0,75m/s
14). Tnh ton ng ng dn bn tun hon:

- Lu lng bn tun hon mi b:
Q2 =
Qr
60,4
=
= 0,0084m 3 / s
2 2.3600
Q2 = 0,0084m3/s
Chn vn tc bn chy trong ng trong iu kin c bm:

Chn:
v (1 2)m/s
v = 1m/s
- ng knh ng dn bn:
d ong =
4.Q
4.0,0084
=
= 0,103m
p.v
p.1
Chn ng PVC c: ng = 100mm
Page 38 of 54

15). Tnh bm bn tun hon:

Chn ct p ca bm:
H = 8m
Hiu sut chung ca bm: (0,7 0,8). Chn
= 0,8
- Cng sut ca bm:

N = f.
Q r .r.g.H
60,4.1000.9,81.8
= 1,5.
= 2,47 kW
1000.h
1000.0,8.3600
N = 2,47kW
16). Tnh ng ng dn nc ra khi b:

- Tng lu lng nc ra khi b:
Qra = Q1 + Q2 = 0.0084 + 0,0133 = 0,0217 m3/s.
Qra = 0,0217m3/s
Chn vn tc trong ng:
vra = 0,7m/s
- ng knh ng:
4.Q ra
=
p.v ra
d ong =
4.0,0217
= 0,199m
p.0,7
Chn ng PVC c: ng = 200mm

17). Bm bn d n b nn bn:
Chn ct p ca bm:
H = 8m
Hiu sut chung ca bm: (0,7 0,8). Chn
= 0,8
- Cng sut ca bm:

N = f.
Q w .r.g.H
53,81.1000.9,81.8
= 1,5.
= 0,092kW
1000.h
1000.0,8.24.3600
N = 0,092kW
18). Tnh ton ng ng dn bn:

Chn vn tc bn trong ng:
v = 1m/s
- ng knh ng dn bn:
d ong =
Chn ng PVC c:
4.Q w
4.53,81
=
= 0,028m
p.v
p.1.24.3600
ng = 30mm
Page 39 of 54

c). Thng s thit k:

STT
1
2
3
4
5
Tn thng s
S b
Chiu cao
Chiu rng
Chiu di
Cng sut my nn kh
n v
b
m/b
m/b
m/b
Hp
S liu thit k
2
4,3
8
23
76,8
www.vinawater.org
Page 40 of 54

VII) B lng t 2
a) Nhim v:
Sau khi qua b Aerotank, hu ht cc cht hu c trong nc thi b loi hon ton.
Tuy nhin, nng bn hot tnh c trong nc thi l rt ln. Do vy, b lng 2 c nhim
v lng v tch hn hp nc, bn hot tnh v cc cht rn l lng. B lng 2 c th l b
lng ng, lng ngang hoc lng ly tm.
b) Tnh ton:
Chn: Ti trng b mt ca bn hot tnh:
LA = 20m3/m2.ngy
LS = 50kg/m2.h
Ti trng cht rn:
1). Din tch b mt b lng tnh theo ti trng b mt:

AL =
Q tbngay
LA
2300
= 115m 2
20
AL = 115m2
2). Din tch b mt b lng tnh theo ti trng cht rn:
AS =
(Q
tb
h
+ Q r ).MLSS (95,8 + 60,4 ).4667

=
= 145,8m 2
LS
5.1000
AS = 145,8m2
Do AS>AL nn din tch b mt b lng tnh theo ti trng cht rn, A = 145,8m2
Chn b lng trn.
3). ng knh b lng:
D=
4.A
=
p
4.145,8
= 13,6m
p
D = 13,6m
4). Chiu cao tng cng b lng 2:
Chn: - Chiu cao b lng:
H = 2,8m
- Chiu cao lp bn lng: hb = 1,5m

- Chiu cao an ton:
hbv = 0,3m
- Chiu cao tng cng b lng 2:

Htc = H + hb + hbv = 2,8 + 1,5 + 0,3 = 4,6m
H = 4,6m
Page 41 of 54

5). ng knh ng trung tm:

dtt = 20%D = 0,2.13,6 = 2,72m
dtt = 2,72m
6). Chiu cao ng trung tm:
htt = 60%H = 0,6.2,8 = 1,68m
htt = 1,68m
7). Kim tra thi gian lu nc:
- Th tch phn lng:
VL =
p
p
.(D 2 - d 2tt ).H = .(13,6 2 - 2,72 2 ).2,8 = 390,5m 3
4
4
VL = 390,5m3
- Thi gian lu nc:

HRT = q =
VL
390,5
=
= 2,5h
Q + Q r 60,4 + 95,8
HRT = = 2,5h
8). Kim tra thi gian lu bn:
- Th tch phn cha bn:
Vb = A.hb = 145,8.1,5 = 218,7m3
Vb = 218,7m3
- Thi gian lu bn:
tb =
Vb
218,7
=
= 3,5h
Q w + Q r 53,81 60,4
+
24
tb = 3,5h
9). Ti trng mng trn:

LS =
Q + Q r 2300 + 60,4.24
=
= 87,76m 3 / m. ngy < 500m3/m.ngy (tha)
p.D
p.13,6
LS = 87,76m3/m.ngy
Page 42 of 54


c). Thng s thit k:

STT
1
2
3
4
Tn thng s
Chiu cao
ng knh
Chiu cao lp nc
Din tch b mt b lng
n v
m
m
m
m2
S liu thit k
4,6
13,6
4,3
145,8
Page 43 of 54

VIII) B kh trng
a) Nhim v:
Sau cc giai on x l: c hc, sinh hc... song song vi vic lm gim nng cc
cht nhim t tiu chun qui nh th s lng vi trng cng gim ng k n 80 95%
Tuy nhin, lng vi trng vn cn cao v theo nguyn tc bo v v sinh ngun nc cn
thc hin giai on kh trng nc thi trc khi x vo ngun tip nhn.
b) Tnh ton:
Gi s hiu qu kh trng ca cc cng trnh x l trn l:
85%
1). S Coliform cn li sau b bn hot tnh:

N0 = (1 0,85).108 = 15.106MNP/100ml
N0 = 15.106MNP/100ml
S Coliform yu cu cn li sau b tip xc:
Nt = 1000MNP/100ml
Chn thi gian tip xc: t (10 20)pht. Chn t = 20pht

2). Lng Clor cn chm vo:
Nt
10 3
= (1 + 0,23.C t .t ) -3
= (1 + 0,23.C t .20) -3
6
N0
15.10
Ct = 5,14mg/l
3). Th tch b tip xc:

Vt = Q tbh .t = 95,8.
20
= 32m 3
60
Vt = 32m3
Chn vn tc dng chy trong b tip xc:
v = 2m/pht
4). Tit din ngang ca b:

A=
Q htb 95,8
=
= 0,8m 2
v
2.60
A = 0,8m2
Chn: - Chiu su hu ch H = 1m
- Chiu cao bo v hbv = 0,3m
5). Chiu cao tng cng ca b:
Htc = H + hbv = 1+ 0,3 = 1,3m
Htc = 1,3m
Page 44 of 54

6). Chiu rng b:

W=
A 0,8
=
= 0,8m
H
1
W = 0,8m
7). Chiu di ca b:
L=
Vt
32
=
= 40m
W.H 0,8.1
L = 40m
Chia b thnh 4 ngn, mi ngn rng
w = 0,8m
Chiu rng tng cng:

B = 4.w = 4.0,8 = 3,2m
B = 3,2m
Chiu di mi ngn:
L=
40
= 10m
4
L = 10m
Ta c L : W = 10 : 0,8 = 12,5 > 10 (tha)

8). Lng Clor tiu th mi ngy:
M Cl = Q tbngay .C t = 2300.
5,14
= 11,82kgCl 2 / ngy
1000
MCl = 11,82kgCl2/ngy
c). Thng s thit k:
STT
1
2
3
4
5
Tn thng s
S ngn
Chiu cao
Chiu rng
Chiu di
Lng Cl2 s dng
n v
ngn
m/ngn
m/ngn
m/ngn
kgCl2/ngy
S liu thit k
4
1,3
3,2
10
11,82
Page 45 of 54

IX) B nn bn
a) Nhim v:
Bn hot tnh t b lng 2 c m cao 99,4% - 99,7%. Mt phn ln loi bn ny
c dn tr li b Aerotank (bn hot tnh tun hon), phn bn cn li c gi l bn
hot tnh d c dn vo b nn bn. Nhim v ca b nn bn l gim m ca bn
hot tnh d v bng phn sinh ra t b to bng trong qu trnh keo t to bng bng cch
lng c hc t m thch hp (94% - 96%) phc v cho vic x l bn v gim kch
thc thit b ca cc cng trnh x l pha sau, gim khi lng phi vn chuyn.
b) Tnh ton:
Gi s bn hot tnh d c bm v b iu ha v bn c lng li b lng 1.
Qu trnh nn bn d v bn ti xy ra y b lng 1.
Lng bn sinh ra gm lng bn ti t b lng 1v bn d b lng 2.
1). Lng bn ti sinh ra b lng 1:
- Hiu sut x l cn l lng b lng 1: RSS = 57,44%
- Lng bn ti sinh ra:
M SS = Q tbngay .SS.R SS = 2300.
1
200
.0,5744 = 264,22kgSS / ngy
1000
M SS = 264 ,22 kgSS / ngy

1
Gi s:
- Bn ti c hm lng cn TS SS = 5% (tc m 95%)

1
- T s: VSS : SS = 0,75
- Khi lng ring ca bn ti:
= 1,053kg/l
- Lu lng bn ti cn x l:
Q SS =
1
M SS
TSSS .r
264,22
= 5,02m 3SS / ngy
1,053.0,05.1000
Q SS = 5 ,02 m 3 SS / ngy
1
- Lng bn ti c kh nng phn hy sinh hc:

M VSS = 264,22.0,75 = 198,17 kgVSS / ngy
1
M VSS = 198 ,17 kgVSS / ngy

1
2). Lng bn hot tnh d sinh ra b lng 2:

- Lng bn hot tnh sinh ra:
M SS = 645 kgSS / ngy

2
- Lu lng bn hot tnh cn x l: Q SS = 53 ,81m 3 SS / ngy

2
Page 46 of 54

- Lng bn hot tnh c kh nng phn hy sinh hc:

M VSS = 484 kgVSS / ngy
2
3). Tng lng bn cn x l:

M SS = M SS + M SS = 264,22 + 645 = 909,22kgSS / ngy
1
MSS = 909,22kgSS/ngy
Tng lu lng bn cn x l:
Q SS = Q SS + Q SS = 5,02 + 53,81 = 58,83m 3SS / ngy
1
QSS = 58,83m3SS/ngy
Tng lng bn c kh nng phn hy sinh hc:
M VSS = M VSS + M VSS = 198,17 + 484 = 682,17 kgVSS / ngy
1
MVSS = 682,17kgVSS/ngy
4). Hm lng TS vo phn nn bn ca lng 1:
TS vao =
Q SS .TSSS + Q SS .TSSS
1
Q SS + Q SS
1
5,02.0,05 + 53,81.0,012
= 1,52%
5,02 + 53,81
TSvo = 1,52%
5). Lu lng bn nn cn x l:
Gi s: - Ton b bn hot tnh lng xung y b.
- Hm lng bn b nn t TSnn = 3%.
Q SS .TS vao = Q nen .TS nen Q nen =
TS vao
1,52
.58,83 = 29,81m 3 / ngy
.Q SS =
3
TS nen
Qnn = 29,81m3/ngy
6). Kim tra ti trng b mt:
LA =
Q SS
58,83
=
= 1,02m 3 / m 2 . ngy < 30m3/m2.ngy (tha)
A lang1 57,5
LA = 1,02m3/m2.ngy
7). Kim tra ti trng cht rn:

L SS =
M SS
909,22
=
= 15,81m 3 / m 2 . ngy < 78kgSS/m2.ngy (tha)
A lang1
57,5
LSS = 15,81m3/m2.ngy
Page 47 of 54

Vy din tch b lng 1 p ng c ti trng bn v ti trng b mt ca nn bn

trng lc. Do ta c th kt hp b lng 1 lm b nn bn.
8). Kim tra thi gian lu gi bn SVR:
Chiu cao lp bn trong b:
hb = 0,7m
- Thi gian lu gi bn SVR:

SVR =
A lang1 .h b
Q nen
57,5.0,7
= 1,35 ngy (0,5 2)ngy (tha)
29,81
SVR = 1,35ngy = 32,4h

c). Thng s thit k:
STT
1
2
3
4
Tn thng s
Chiu cao tng
ng knh
Chiu cao ct nc
dc y b
n v
m
m
m
%
S liu thit k
4,9
8,6
4,6
10
(Ghi ch: Thng s thit k cho b nn bn cng l thng s thit k cho b lng t 1)
www.vinawater.org
Page 48 of 54

X) B phn hy bn k kh
a) Nhim v:
Hn hp bn sau khi qua b nn bn c hm lng bn nn tng i t tiu chun
Trong hn hp ny c cha 1 lng ln bn hu c d bay hi v 1phn lng bn v c.
V vy b phn hy bn k kh c nhim v phn hy 1 phn ln cc cht hu c d bay
hi, phn cn li cng vi phn v c c sn c a i x l bn (tch nc) cng
trnh sau. Qu trnh ny c thc hin nh cc vi sinh vt k kh phn hy cc cht hu c
d bay hi to ra sinh khi mi v cc kh Biogas (ch yu l CH4 v CO2). Kh Biogas c
th c thu gi dn i lm cht t thit kim nng lng.
b) Tnh ton:
1). Tng lng bn phn hy k vo b mi ngy:
- Khi tch bn:
QS=Qnn = 29,81m3/ngy
- Lng cht rn:
MSS = 909,22kgSS/ngy
- Lng cht rn d bay hi:
MVSS = 682,17kgVSS/ngy
Gi s:- Ti trng cht d bay hi:
LVSS = 0,6kgVSS/m3.ngy
- Nhit vn hnh ngoi tri:
t = 280C
- Hiu qu kh VSS t
E = 50%
- Sn lng kh CH4:
0,55m3/kgVSS vo.
- Hm lng cht rn ca bn phn hy: TSph = 6%

2). Th tch cn thit cho qu trnh phn hy bn:
Vr =
M VS 682,17
=
= 1137 m 3
L LS
0,6
Vr = 1137m3
3). Thi gian phn hy:

t ph =
Vr 1137
=
= 38,14 ngy
Q S 29,81
tph = 38,14ngy
4). Lng cht hu c cn li sau qu trnh n nh:

S VSS = M VSS .(1 - E %) = 682,17.(1 - 0,5) = 341,1kgVSS / ngy
SVSS = 341,1kgVSS/ngy
Page 49 of 54

5). Lng cht v c cn li:

SSS = M SS - M VSS = 909,22 - 682,17 = 227,1kgSS / ngy
SSS = 227,1kgSS/ngy
6). Tng lng cht rn cn li:
S TS = SSS + S VSS = 341,1 + 227,1 = 568,2kgTS / ngy
STS = 568,2kgTS/ngy
7). Hm lng cht rn d bay hi ca bn hot tnh:
VS ph =
S VSS 341,1
.100% = 60%
=
STS 568,2
VSph = 60%
8). Tc bn tch ly:

Da vo TSph v VSph c th xc nh khi lng ring ca bn phn hy
ph = 1,019g/ml
- Tc bn tch ly:
Qa =
STS
568,2
=
= 9,3m 3 / ngy
TS ph .r ph 0,06.1019
Qa = 9,3m3/ngy
9). Th tch b phn hy:

Gi s thi gian tr bn phn hy:
tVS = 30ngy
- Th tch b phn hy:

Vph =
(Q S + Q a )
( 29,81 + 9,3)
.38.14 + 9,3.30 = 1024,8m 3
.t ph + Q a .t VS =
2
2
Vph = 1024,8m3
Trong :
- QS: Tc bn vo b phn hy, (m3/ngy).

- Qa: Tc bn tch ly, (m3/ngy).
- tph: Thi gian phn hy bn, (ngy).
- tVS: Thi gian tr bn phn hy, (ngy).
Page 50 of 54

10). Chiu cao b phn hy:

Gi s:
- Chiu cao hu ch ca b:
H = 9m
- Chiu cao phn cha kh:
hkh = 1,5m
- Chiu cao b phn hy:

Htc = H + hkh = 9 + 1,5 = 10,5m
Htc = 10,5m
11). ng knh b phn hy:
D=
4.V
4.1024,8
=
= 12m
p.H
p.9
D = 12m
12). Tc nc trn b mt tr v h thng x l:
Qn = QS Qa = 29,81 9,3 = 20,51m3/ngy
Qn = 20,51m3/ngy
c). Thng s thit k:
STT
Tn thng s
1
Chiu cao tng
2
ng knh
n v
m
m
S liu thit k
10,5
12
Page 51 of 54

XI) Sn phi bn
a) Nhim v:
Bn t b n nh bn k kh c a n sn phi bn tch nc gim th tch
bn d dng vn chuyn, chn lp hn v gim th tch nc c th ngm vo nc
ngm bi chn lp... Tng hm lng ca cn t 3% ln 18%. Bn sau khi c tch
nc c dng bnh s c b.
b) Tnh ton:
Bn ti t b phn hy bn k kh c dn vo sn phi bn lm ro nc.
1). Lng cn dn n sn phi bn:
Q = Qa = 9,3m3/ngy
2). Din tch hu ch ca sn phi bn:
Gi s thi gian lm vic ca nh my trong 1 nm l: t = 300ngy
- Din tch hu ch ca sn phi bn:
F1 =
Q.t 9,3.365
=
= 485m 2
q 0 .n
2.3,5
F1 = 485m2
Trong :
- q0: Ti trng cn ln sn phi bn, m3/m2.nm

q0 (1,5 2,0)m3/m2.nm Chn q0 = 2m3/m2.nm
- n: H s ph thuc vo iu kin kh hu.
n (3,0 4,2) Chn n = 3,5
3). Kch thc sn phi bn:

- Chia thnh 4 , mi c din tch
- Kch thc mi :
Ab = 120m2
di x rng = L x W = 12m x 10m
4). Din tch ph sn phi bn:

- L din tch ng s, mng, mng c xc nh nh sau:
F2 = k.F1 = 0,2.485 = 97m2
F2 = 97m2
Trong :
- k: H s tnh n din tch ph.

k (0,2 0,4)
Chn
k = 0,2
5). Din tch tng cng sn phi bn:

F = F1 + F2 = 485 + 97 = 582m2
F = 582m2
Page 52 of 54

6). Lng bn phi t m 94% xung cn 75% trong 1 nm:

Q b = Q.t.
(100 - P1 )
(100 - 96)
= 9,3.365.
= 543,12m 3
(100 - P2 )
(100 - 75)
Qb = 543,12m3
Trong :
- P1: m trung bnh ca cn khi ln men b mtan.

P1 (96% 97%) Chn
P1 = 96%
- P2: m sau khi phi.

P2 (75% 80%) Chn
P2 = 75%
Khong 20 30 ngy x bn mt ln. Chu k ny ph thuc vo nhiu yu t:

- Tnh cht ca bn dn vo sn phi bn.
- Kh nng thm ca t.
- Ma nng hay ma ma trong nm.
Bn kh (n m 71% 80%) c thu gom bng gu hoc my. Lng bn ny
c th lm phn vi sinh compost.
Nc bn sn phi bn theo h thng rt nc v c dn tr li trm x l nc
thi.
c). Thng s thit k:
STT
1
2
3
4
Tn thng s
S
Chiu di
Chiu rng
Din tch tng cng
n v
m/
m/
m2
S liu thit k
4
12
10
582
Page 53 of 54


TI LIU THAM KHO
1). Lm Minh Trit - Nguyn Thanh Hng - Nguyn Phc Dn, X l nc thi th v
cng nghip. Tnh ton v thit k cng trnh, Nh xut bn i hc Quc gia Tp HCM,
2004.
2). TS. Nguyn Phc Dn, Slide bi ging mn hc k thut x l nc thi, i hc Bch
Khoa Tp HCM.
3). PGS. TS. Lng c Phm, Cng ngh x l nc thi bng bin php sinh hc, Nh
xut bn Gio Dc, 2003
4). TS. Trnh Xun Lai, Tnh ton thit k cc cng trnh x l nc thi, Nh xut bn Xy
Dng, 2000.
5). Metcafl and Eddy, Wastewater Engineering Treatment and Reuse. Fourth Edition, Mc
Graw Hill, 2003.
www.vinawater.org
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TAI LIEU CH MANG TNH CHAT THAM KHAO

TRNG I HC BCH KHOA TP HCM

TS. Nguyn Phc Dn

Nguyn Minh Tun

Tp HCM, thng 01 2006

TAI LIEU CH MANG TNH CHAT Tnh

GVHD: TS. Nguyn Phc Dn.

TI LIU THAM KHO ............ 54

Bng v cc cng trnh x l nc thi trong trm x l (np km theo).

TAI LIEU CH MANG TNH CHAT Tnh

GVHD: TS. Nguyn Phc Dn.

CHNG 1: TNG QUAN V NC THI BT NGT

TAI LIEU CH MANG TNH CHAT Tnh

nh my bt ngt cng sut 2300m3/ngy m.

II) Ngun tip nhn, tiu chun thi:

III) Cng sut h thng x l:

TAI LIEU CH MANG TNH CHAT Tnh

GVHD: TS. Nguyn Phc Dn.

Bng 3: Dao ng lu lng v hm lng BOD5 theo gi trong ngy

IV) Qui trnh x l:

TAI LIEU CH MANG TNH CHAT Tnh

nh my bt ngt cng sut 2300m3/ngy m.

- Nc t hm bm tip nhn c bm vo b iu ha, b ny c nhim v iu

TAI LIEU CH MANG TNH CHAT THAM KHAO

GVHD: TS. Nguyn Phc Dn.

S CNG NGH TRM X L

(a) Bn tun hon

Hnh 1: S cng ngh trm x l nc thi nh my ch bin bt ngt

TAI LIEU CH MANG TNH CHAT THAM KHAO

Tnh ton thit k h thng x l nc thi

3). u v nhc im ca phng n x l:

TAI LIEU CH MANG TNH CHAT THAM KHAO

Tnh ton thit k h thng x l nc thi

GVHD: TS. Nguyn Phc Dn.

CHNG 2: TNH TON THIT K CHI TIT CC

TAI LIEU CH MANG TNH CHAT THAM KHAO

Tnh ton thit k h thng x l nc thi

GVHD: TS. Nguyn Phc Dn.

B) TNH TON CNG TRNH X L NC THI

rng x su = B x H = 0,5m x 0,7m.

- Chiu cao lp nc trong mng:

rng x dy = b x d = 8mm x 25mm

- Chn khong cch gia cc thanh:

500 = n.8 + (n+1).25

- Khong cch gia cc thanh iu chnh li:

TAI LIEU CH MANG TNH CHAT THAM KHAO

Tnh ton thit k h thng x l nc thi

GVHD: TS. Nguyn Phc Dn.

- Vn tc dng chy qua song chn:

- Tn tht p lc qua song chn:

Hnh 2: S lp t song chn rc

TAI LIEU CH MANG TNH CHAT THAM KHAO

Tnh ton thit k h thng x l nc thi

GVHD: TS. Nguyn Phc Dn.

II) Hm bm tip nhn

- Th tch hm bm tip nhn:

- Chn chiu cao an ton bng chiu su y ng cui cng:

- Chiu su tng cng:

2). ng knh ng dn nc:

TAI LIEU CH MANG TNH CHAT THAM KHAO

Tnh ton thit k h thng x l nc thi

GVHD: TS. Nguyn Phc Dn.

3). Cng sut my bm:

- nhm tng i ca ng dn: