Professional Documents
Culture Documents
--- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ngy ..thng ..nm 2011
Gio vin hng dn
Trang
1
n vi x l
NHN XT CA HI NG CHM IM
--- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ngy ..thng ..nm 2011
Gio vin phn bin
Trang
2
n vi x l
Ngy nay, khi nim k thut s tr thnh quen thuc vi nhiu ngi, bi
v s pht trin ca ngnh k thut s ny c nh hng rt ln n ngnh kinh t
ton cu. C ngi nu ln tng gi nn kinh t ca thi i chng ta l nn
kinh t k thut s , s ha gn nh vt khi ranh gii ca mt thut ng k
thut . Nh c u im ca x l s nh tin cy trong truyn dn, tnh a thch nghi
v kinh t ca nhiu phn mm khc nhau, tnh tin li trong iu khin v khai thc
mng.
S ha ang l xu hng pht trin tt yu ca nhiu lnh vc k thut v kinh
t khc nhau. Khng ch trong lnh vc thng tin lin lc v tin hc. Ngy nay, k tht
s v ang thm nhp mnh m vo K thut in t, iu khin t ng, pht
thanh truyn hnh, y t, nng nghipv ngay c trong cc dng c sinh hot gia nh.
Ngay t nhng ngy u khai sinh, k thut s ni ring v ngnh in t ni
chung to ra nhiu bc t ph mi m cho cc ngnh kinh t khc v cn m
bo c yu cu ca ngi dng c v cht lng v dch v. ng thi kin thc v
k thut s l khng th thiu i vi mi sinh vin, nht l sinh vin in t.
Cng ngh k thut s c nhiu ng dng rng ri trong thc t, vi nhiu nhng
ng dng rt tin ch s dng trong k thut, trong i sng, trong cng nghip cc
nh my v x nghip sn xut v c nhng tin nghi trong ngi nh ca chng ta.
Mt trong nhng ng dng tin ch ca k thut s l chc nng m vi cc mch
m nh m sn phm, m s ngi vo phng, thang my hay m xe ra vo
cng u l nhng ng dng rt thc t. V trong bi n ny em c
nghin cu v mch m sn phm.
Bi bo co ny c tm kim t nhi
nhiu ngun
gun khc nhau nh: sch bo
,intern
et V do kin thc cn hn hp, nn trong qu trnh thc hin n em khng
ternet
th trnh khi sai st v ti cha c pht trin mt cch hon ho, mong qu thy
c trong hi ng kho th b qua v c hng gip em c th hon chnh kin
thc ca mnh .
Em xin chn thnh cm n..!
Trang
3
n vi x l
CHNG I: T VN
I.1 L do chn ti:
Ngy nay vic nghin cu ng dng vi iu khin vo cc lnh vc cuc sng kh
ph bin,in hnh l cc loi vi iu khin h 8051. trong cng nghip cng nh
trong cc lnh vc lin quan m sn phm th pht huy c li th khi s dng vi
iu khin,vic m sn phm tr nn n gin hn, gim bt c nhiu sc lao
ng v thi gian.c s gi ca gio vin hng dn NGUYN MINH QUN v
qua s tm hiu ca cc thnh vin trong nhm,nn chng em chn ti nghin
cu v thit k mch m sn phm vi ng dng ca h vi iu khin 8051.y cng
l mt c hi tt ng dng nhng kin thc ca mn VI X L hc vo thc t.
I.2 Mc tiu ca ti
ti nhm mc ch thit k v ch to thnh cng mch m sn phm s dng
h vi iu khin 8051,s lng sn phm m c nhp t bn phm,hin th kt qu
m c bng h thng LED 7 thanh v bo hiu bng tn hiu n LED.
I.3 Vn cn gii quyt
+Tm hiu cc ti liu lin quan n cc ti nghin cu, a ra cc gii php ti
u cho vic thit k ch to sn phm thc t.
+Thit k v ch to 1 board mch gm cc khi: khi x l trung tm dng h vi
iu khin 8051,khi cm bin,khi hin th,bn phm.
+Tin hnh vit chng trnh phn mm phi hp hot ng cc khi di s iu
khin ca khi mch chnh cha IC AT89S52
Trang
4
n vi x l
Trang
5
n vi x l
Tn
RxD
TxD
P3.3
a ch bit
B0H
B1H
B2H
Chc nng
Chn nhn d liu ca bit ni tip
Chn pht d liu ca port ni tip
Ng vo ngt ngoi 0
B3H
Ng vo ngt ngoi 1
P3.4
P3.5
P3.6
P3.7
T0
T1
B4H
B5H
B6H
B7H
Ng vo ca b nh thi /im 0
Ng vo ca b nh thi /im1
iu khin ghi b nh d liu
iu khin c b nh d liu
P1.0
P1.1
T2
T2EX
90H
91H
Ng vo ca b nh thi /im 2
Np li /thu nhn ca b nh thi 2
* Chn PSEN:
- PSEN cho php b nh chng trnh,chn s 29
- l tn hiu cho php truy xut (c) b nh chng trinh (ROM) ngoi
- L mc xut tch cc mc thp PSEN =0 trong thi gian CPU tm - np lnh t
ROM ngoi ,PSEN =1 CPU s dng ROM trong.
* Chn ALE :
- ALE cho php cht a ch,chn s 30
-L tn hiu cho php cht a ch thc hin vic gii a hp cho bus a ch byte
thp v byte d liu a hp (AD0-AD7).
Trang
6
n vi x l
f tn s danh nh
Trang
7
n vi x l
Trang
8
n vi x l
Trang
9
n vi x l
P1.0
P1.1
P1.2
P1.3
P1.4
P1.5
P1.6
P1.7
VCC
P0.0
P0.1
P0.2
P0.3
P0.4
P0.5
P0.6
P0.7
RESET
XTAL1
19
XTAL2
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
20
RXD
TXD
INT0
INT1
T0
T1
WR
RD
GND
EA/VP
ALE/P
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
PSEN
29
P2.7
P2.6
P2.5
P2.4
P2.3
P2.2
P2.1
P2.0
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
Trang 10
n vi x l
Tn
P3.0
RXT
Ng vo d liu ni tip.
P3.1
TXD
P3.2
INT0\
Ng vo ngt cng th 0
P3.3
INT1\
Ng vo ngt cng th 1
P3.4
T0
Ng vo caTIMER/COUNTER th 0
P3.5
T1
Ng vo caTIMER/COUNTER th 1
P3.6
WR\
P3.7
RD\
Trang 11
n vi x l
1
2
C6
104
3
4
R1
C3
10uF
RESET
100
R2
10K
Trang 12
Thanh ghi
Ni dung
Thanh ghi
Ni dung
m chng trnh
0000H
IP
XXX00000B
Tch ly
00H
IE
0XX00000B
00H
00H
PSW
00H
SCON
00H
SP
07H
SBUF
00H
DPTR
0000H
PCON(HMOS)
0XXXXXXXB
Port 0-3
FFH
PCON(CMOS)
0XXX0000B
Symbol
Address
Description
PSW.7
CY
D7H
Cary Flag
PSW.6
AC
D6H
PSW.5
F0
D5H
Flag 0
PSW4
RS1
D4H
PSW.3
RS0
D3H
PSW.2
OV
D2H
Overlow Flag
PSW.1
D1H
Reserved
PSW.0
DOH
RS1
RS0
BANK
l d liu nhp. Khi truyn d liu ghi ln SBUF, khi nhn d liu th c SBUF. Cc
mode vn khc nhau c lp trnh qua thanh ghi iu khin Port ni tip (SCON)
c a ch ha tng bit a ch 98H.
- Cc thanh ghi ngt (Interrupt Register):
AT89C51 c cu trc 5 ngun ngt, 2 mc u tin. Cc ngt b cm sau khi b
reset h thng v s c cho php bng vic ghi thanh ghi cho php ngt (IE) a
ch A8H. C hai c a ch ha tng bit.
Thanh ghi iu khin ngun PCON (Power Control Register):
Thanh ghi PCON khng c bit nh v. N a ch 87H cha nhiu bit iu
khin. Thanh ghi PCON c tm tt nh sau:
1 Bit 7(SMOD): Bit c tc Baud mode 1, 2,3 Port ni tip khi set.
2 Bit 6, 5, 4: Khng c a ch.
3 Bit 3 (GF1): Bit c a nng 1.
4 Bit 2 (GF0): Bit c a nng 2.
5 Bit 1* (PD): Set khi ng mode Power Down v thot reset.
6 Bit 0*(IDL): Set khi ng mode Idle v thot khi ngt mch hoc reset.
Cc bit iu khin Power Down v Idle c tc dng chnh trong tt c cc IC h
MSC-51 nhng ch c thi hnh trong s bin dch ca CMOS.
c. B nh ngoi (External Memory)
AT89C51 c kh nng m rng b nh ln n 64K byte b nh chng trnh
v 64K byte b nh d liu ngoi. Do c th dng thm RAM v EPROM nu cn.
Khi dng b nh ngoi, Port 0 khng cn chc nng I/O na. N c kt hp gia
bus a ch (A0 - A7) v bus d liu (D0 - D7) vi tn hiu ALE cht byte ca bus
a ch ch khi bt u mi chu k b nh. Port2 c cho l byte
cao ca bus a ch.
d. Cc tp lnh ca AT89C51
Tp lnh caAT89C51 c chia thnh 5 nhm:
S hc.
Logic.
Chuyn d liu.
Chuyn iu khin.
Chi tit tp lnh ca h 8051 c th tham kho trong H vi iu khin ca tc
gi Tng Vn n v Hong c Hi.
1-i
n tr:
1-in
Trong :
U : l hiu in th gia hai u vt dn in, o bng vn (V).
I : l cng dng in i qua vt dn in, o bng mpe (A).
R : l in tr ca vt dn in, o bng Ohm ().
2-Bin tr
L 1 in tr thay i c , c tc dng l thay i in p
theo yu cu ca ngi s dng. trong ti ny n c tc
dng kim sot sng ca Led pht quang v tc nhn tn
hiu ca led thu hng ngoi.
Trang 20
3-Transistor:
C1815 l Transistor BJT gm ba min to bi hai tip gip pn, trong min
gia l bn dn loi p. Min c mt tp cht cao nht, k hiu n+ l min pht
(emitter). Min c mt tp cht thp hn, k hiu n, gi l min thu (collecter).
Min gia c mt tp cht rt thp, k hiu p, gi l min gc (base). Ba chn kim
loi gn vi ba min tng ng vi ba cc emitter (E), base (B), collecter (C) ca
transistor.
4-T in:
S l in tch b mt t m
d l b giy cht in mi
T in phng gm hai bn phng kim loi din tch t song song v cch
nhau mt khong d.
Cng in trng bn trong t c tr s
E=
0
= 8.86.10
-12
= 1, giy
Trang 21
5-Di
ode:
5-Dio
6- Led:
Led l mt dng diode pht
pht qua
quang, khi phn
phn cc thun th led pht
pht sang,
ng, phn
phn
cc nghch
ghch th led kh
khng sng.
K hi
hiu:
7- Led 7 on
on
L 7 con LED sp xp theo hnh mu. Mt chn ca cc con led c ni
ni chung
ung
vi
vi nhau
nhau (Anod
nod chung
ung hoc
hoc Katod chung)
ung), cc chn cn li c a ra ngoi
ngoi
phn
phn cc cho cc con led
led.
Trang 22
U1
7
6
4
2
1
9
10
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
U2
cc
cc
Dp
led 7 doan Katod chung
8
3
7
6
4
2
1
9
10
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
8
ca 3
ca
Dp
Trang 23
BN PHM
KHI
X
L
KHI HIN TH
KHI CM BIN
3. S nguyn l ca mch
equ
20h
donvi
equ
21h
chuc
equ
22h
tram
equ
23h
nghin
equ
24h
bien
equ
25h
dem_dv
equ
26h
dem_ch
equ
27h
dem_tr
equ
dem_ng
equ
28h
29h
org 00h
ljmp main
org 03h
ljmp ngat_ngoai
org 40h
main:
mov sp,#5fh
setb ea
setb ex0
setb it0
mov nghin,#0ffh
mov tram,#0ffh
mov chuc,#0ffh
mov donvi,#0ffh
mov dptr,#table
mov dem_dv,#1
main_loop:
lcall hien_thi
lcall quet_phim
ljmp main_loop
;**************************************
hien_thi:
lcall lay_ma
lcall sosanh
lcall quet_led
ret
sosanh:
mov a,dem_ng
cjne a,#0,thoat_ra
mov a,dem_tr
cjne a,#0,thoat_ra
mov a,dem_ch
cjne a,#0,thoat_ra
mov a,dem_dv
cjne a,#1,thoat_ra
clr p3.7
ret
thoat_ra:
setb p3.7
ret
quet_led:
mov p0,donvi
clr p2.3
lcall delay
setb p2.3
mov p0,chuc
clr p2.2
lcall delay
setb p2.2
mov p0,tram
clr p2.1
lcall delay
setb p2.1
mov p0,nghin
clr p2.0
lcall delay
setb p2.0
ret
lay_ma:
mov a,dem_dv
movc a,@a+dptr
cpl a
mov donvi,a
;------------------mov a,dem_ch
movc a,@a+dptr
cpl a
mov chuc,a
;------------------mov a,dem_tr
movc a,@a+dptr
cpl a
mov tram,a
;-----------------mov a,dem_ng
movc a,@a+dptr
cpl a
mov nghin,a
ret
;chuong trinh con dich so sang trai
dich_so:
mov a,dem_ng
jz dich
ret
dich:
mov a,dem_tr
jnz tiep_tuc
mov a,dem_ch
jnz tiep_tuc
mov a,dem_dv
cjne a,#1,tiep_tuc
sjmp khong_dich
tiep_tuc:
mov a,dem_tr
mov dem_ng,a
mov a,dem_ch
mov dem_tr,a
mov a,dem_dv
mov dem_ch,a
mov a,bien
mov dem_dv,a
ret
khong_dich:
mov a,bien
mov dem_dv,a
ret
;chuong trinh con xoa so cho phim delete
lui_so:
mov a,dem_ng
jnz lui
mov a,dem_tr
jnz lui
mov a,dem_ch
jnz lui
mov a,dem_dv
cjne a,#1,ve_0
ret
lui:
mov a,dem_ch
mov dem_dv,a
mov a,dem_tr
mov dem_ch,a
mov a,dem_ng
mov dem_tr,a
mov dem_ng,#0
ret
ve_0:
mov dem_dv,#1
ret
;chuong trinh con quet phim
quet_phim:
mov p1,#00001111b; setb cac hang len 5v
nop
jnb p1.0,hang1
jnb p1.1,hang2
jnb p1.2,hang3
khong_bam:
nop
ret
hang1:
mov p1,#11111110b ;dat hang1 la dau ra
phim0_:
jb p1.7,phim1_
phim0_1:
lcall hien_thi
jnb p1.7,phim0_1
lcall phim0
;---------------phim1_:
jb p1.6,phim2_
phim1_1:
lcall hien_thi
jnb p1.6,phim1_1
lcall phim1
;-----------------phim2_:
jb p1.5,phim3_
phim2_1:
lcall hien_thi
jnb p1.5,phim2_1
lcall phim2
;----------------
phim3_:
jb p1.4,khong_bam
phim3_1:
lcall hien_thi
jnb p1.4,phim3_1
lcall phim3
;--------------sjmp khong_bam
hang2:
mov p1,#11111101b ;dat hang2 la dau ra
phim4_:
jb p1.7,phim5_
phim4_1:
lcall hien_thi
jnb p1.7,phim4_1
lcall phim4
;---------------phim5_:
jb p1.6,phim6_
phim5_1:
lcall hien_thi
jnb p1.6,phim5_1
lcall phim5
;-----------------phim6_:
jb p1.5,phim7_
phim6_1:
lcall hien_thi
jnb p1.5,phim6_1
lcall phim6
;----------------
phim7_:
jb p1.4,khong_bam
phim7_1:
lcall hien_thi
jnb p1.4,phim7_1
lcall phim7
;--------------sjmp khong_bam
hang3:
mov p1,#11111011b ;dat hang2 la dau ra
phim8_:
jb p1.7,phim9_
phim8_1:
lcall hien_thi
jnb p1.7,phim8_1
lcall phim8
;---------------phim9_:
jb p1.6,phim10_
phim9_1:
lcall hien_thi
jnb p1.6,phim9_1
lcall phim9
;---------------phim10_:
jb p1.4,thoat
phim10_1:
lcall hien_thi
jnb p1.4,phim10_1
lcall delete
thoat:
ljmp khong_bam
phim0:
mov bien,#1
lcall dich_so
ret
phim1:
mov bien,#2
lcall dich_so
ret
phim2:
mov bien,#3
lcall dich_so
ret
phim3:
mov bien,#4
lcall dich_so
ret
phim4:
mov bien,#5
lcall dich_so
ret
phim5:
mov bien,#6
lcall dich_so
ret
phim6:
mov bien,#7
lcall dich_so
ret
phim7:
mov bien,#8
lcall dich_so
ret
phim8:
mov bien,#9
lcall dich_so
ret
phim9:
mov bien,#10
lcall dich_so
ret
delete:
lcall lui_so
ret
ngat_ngoai:
mov a,dem_ch
jnz ngo03
mov a,dem_dv
cjne a,#1,qua
sjmp thoat1
dec dem_dv
mov a,dem_dv
cjne a,#1,thoat1
mov dem_dv,#1
sjmp thoat1
ngo03:
dec dem_dv
mov a,dem_dv
cjne a,#0,thoat1
mov dem_dv,#10
;---------------------mov a,dem_tr
jnz ngo02
dec dem_ch
mov a,dem_ch
cjne a,#1,thoat1
mov dem_ch,#0
sjmp thoat1
ngo02:
dec dem_ch
mov a,dem_ch
cjne a,#0,thoat1
mov dem_ch,#10
;-------------------mov a,dem_ng
jnz ngo01
dec dem_tr
mov a,dem_tr
cjne a,#1,thoat1
mov dem_tr,#0
sjmp thoat1
ngo01:
dec dem_tr
mov a,dem_tr
cjne a,#0,thoat1
mov dem_tr,#10
;---------------------dec dem_ng
mov a,dem_ng
cjne a,#1,thoat1
mov dem_ng,#0
;---------------------thoat1:
reti
;***********************************
delay:
mov r1,#100
loop:
nop
nop
nop
nop
nop
nop
nop
nop
djnz r1,loop
ret
table:
db 00h, 0fch,60h,0dah,0f2h,66h,0b6h,0beh,0e0h,0feh,0f6h
; trang
0
end
3 4 5
8 9
MC LC
LI M U
Trang
HNG I: T VN
I.1 L do chn ti
.0
.04
I.2 Mc tiu ca ti
.0
.04
I.3 Vn cn gii quyt
.0
.04
CHNG II: GII QUYT VN
II.1.C s l thuyt
....
........
......
...05
II.1.1 Tng quan v h vi iu khin 8051
.
.......
......
........
......
.....05
1.Gii thiu chung v cu trc phn cng..................05
2.Gii thiu chung v cu trc bn trong...............07
II.1.2 Tm hiu IC AT89C52.....10
1.Cu trc phn cng .............10
2.Cu trc bn trong ....13
II.1.3.Cc linh kin thng dng cho ti...20
1-in
intr:
...
....
.20
2-Bin tr ..20
3-Transistor
..
.2
.21
4-T in
...
..
.21
5 -Dio
Diode
..
2
22
6- Led
22
7- Led 7 on
on
.
.
22
II.2.Thit k v thi cng
.
.
..
25
II.2.1 Thit k phn cng
...
..
..2
..26
1.S khi ca sn phm
..
...
2
26
2.Chc nng cc khi
..
..
26
3.S nguyn l ca mch
...
...
..27
II.2.1 Thit k phn mm
..
...
.28
.28