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Jonathan Kendall

12/15/2011

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Transforming the Favelas: The Greening of Rio de Janeiro

In Section 3, following this overview, is an article discussing the utilization of Green and Clean Technologies in the slums of Brazil. The low-income slums in the city of Rio de Janeiro, sometimes referred to as favelas are a key target for social, educational, and structural reform. These areas can become the perfect test bed for new, Clean and Green technologies that could transform the environment and the lives not only of the residents of the favelas but could also set the framework to improve to the lives of all Brazilians. This could put Brazil at the forefront of the new wave of environmentally-friendly technologies. Silicon Valley in the USA, along with Europe, Israel and the Chinese governments have been turning to Clean Technologies as the next big thing. Brazil could utilize the reform of the favelas to usher in a new business sector, supporting Brazilian innovation and economic growth on an international scale. The Brazilian Clean Technology Sector would expand exponentially. This concept document will look at some of the possible technologies and products that could be implemented on a phased or pilot project basis to renovate the favelas and the surrounding areas. Jonathan Kendall, Co-Founder & Senior Partner Rio Energy Consulting Rio de Janeiro, Brasil and Washington, DC RioEnergyConsulting.com JonathanKendallTSS@gmail.com

Jonathan Kendall

12/15/2011

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Rio Energy Consulting Background

Rio Energy Consulting is the premiere and trusted professional services firm to support Brazilian, North American, Asian, and European investors and companies in the energy sector of Brazil. Our firm is a professional services consultancy that provides large investment, project management and financing, tax-friendly investment funds, product representation, and sustainable green energy opportunities for projects in Brazil. We have extensive Clean Technology capabilities. We are specialists in Brazil, with a unique expertise in the fast-growing State of Rio de Janeiro. Please feel free to contact us with your requirements at JonathanKendallTSS@gmail.com. We have a team of professional consultants available to assist you to discover, explore, and manage suitable projects on your behalf. Supporting: GREEN Energy and Clean Technologies Sustainable Infrastructure Education and Training LEED-Certified Construction and GREEN Building Petrochemical and Bio-Fuels Wind, Solar and Renewables Shipping and Transport Environmental Services Brazil, Latin America and Worldwide

Jonathan Kendall

12/15/2011

Jonathan Kendall Washington, DC, USA and Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Mr. Kendall has been launching and growing companies and helping other entrepreneurs do the same for the past 20 years in technology, environmental and consulting. He is an author, consultant, educator and speaker. His direct experience is in clean-green technology & business analysis, IPOs, funding, investment preparation, technology and entrepreneurial issues. To support his management analysis and advice, he has created an infrastructure to assess business risk by applying a structured, scientific methodology. He has client-focused planning, design and integration experience in projects as diverse as the National Defense University in Washington, DC to the business analysis of the Academic Medical Center in Baltimore, as well as energy, LEED Certified real estate, risk management and business development in Brazil. Other international projects include South Korea, Canada and the Middle East. Jonathan has been the featured lecturer at the University of Virginia's Darden Graduate School of Business and The Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth College, as well as the American Institute of Architects and numerous conventions and expos around the World. Hakan Kenneth Olsson Rio de Janeiro, Brasil His 15+ years as a successful entrepreneur in his Brazilian companies has given him a unique understanding of doing business in Brazil. As a professional executive consultant, he possesses business management skills with a Brazilian context relating to foreigners, ex-patriots and investors. He is uniquely qualified to deal with the required interface to the Brazilian agencies, culture and norms regarding company creation and structural issues. Hakan, along with his partners and commercial contacts, has formed a strong commercial and political network in Brazil. This network is a critical platform for business growth with enhanced earnings. He has presented to the Brazilian government on the subject of Green Energy and Energy from Waste, and in Europe on The Brazilian Economy and How to Do Business in Brazil.

Jonathan Kendall

12/15/2011

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Transforming the Favelas: The Greening of Rio de Janeiro

Brazil is a recognized leader in clean technologies and advanced energy development. Its name is synonymous with ethanol and successful deep-water exploration and drilling. The bio-mass and clean bio-fuels that Brazil has developed over decades of research and progress play a prominent role in its position as a leader in the global competition to develop renewable energies and green technologies. The Economist Intelligence Unit is predicting that in 2011 Brazil will move ahead of the UK into 6 th place, Brazil already moved ahead of Italy into seventh place, in the ranking of the largest world economies, with a GDP of US$2+ billion, and energy will be a critical component of this growth. The age-old saying about Brazil is that Brazil is the country of the future, and always will be, but this has changed. With a vast amount of natural resources and the profit thereof, Brazil has been ahead of the curve in terms of renewable technology, but has not been able to solidify a place as a world super-power after a number of social and economic upheavals. Although inflation crippled Brazils expansion through the last half century, it also caused the banks and government to be much more conservative than those in the United States or Europe. This created a type of protective-cocoon that was less affected by the recent global stock market crash. Through government policies, an economic shield, and some good fortune, the country now has a market that is not only ahead of the game in terms of its energy technology, but ready to be a major player in a global economy. Today, Brazil is the country of the present, and the future. Clean technology is poised to be the worlds next great wave of innovation not just the next big thing, but perhaps the biggest thing ever. Confronting the perils of greenhouse gases and climate change is a potential multi-trillion-Reais (the Real is the Brazilian currency) business opportunity. Green energy is the biggest opportunity for success the world has ever seen, and Brazil is poised to take the next step in a global competition. How big is the opportunity? Consider that the sum of the United States yearly utility bills, one component of the nation's overall energy costs, exceeds US$1 trillion or nearly triple the annual global revenues of the semiconductor industry. The solar and

Jonathan Kendall

12/15/2011

wind energy markets, which totaled about US$80 billion in 2008, are projected to nearly triple in size in 10 years, employing 2.6 million people worldwide, according to the clean technology research group, Clean Edge. Brazil already has the experience and the resources available to make the leap to the front of the pack. Brazils energy matrix is 48% renewable, and the country has pledged to reduce about 37% of its carbon emissions by 2020. The green revolution could expand and touch the neediest of people with a new, sustainable, Clean Technology favelaa true step forward to the future to save not just the Brazilian lower class, but the whole of Brazil and maybe the entire world. Favela is the name for the slums and shanty towns that have built up around the major cities of Brazil, especially that of Rio de Janeiro. They house the poor of urban Brazil and have been the catalysts for the gangs and violence that ensues from them, but this is all changing now that the police are taking back control. The housing of the favelas is not planned, meaning that it is a haphazard and chaotic urban environment with new houses being built on top of existing ones and without proper construction technique or organized utilities. These slums have been building up the hillsides of Rio de Janeiro for decades and are in a prime position for improvement, with government intervention finally coming to fruition, to enter a new and much greener stage in their history. A new day is dawning. So, how can a simple-sounding and noble project like upgrading the favelas lead to such success for Brazil? A pilot project to renovate and enhance the technology inside the favelas could be used as a working test bed to compare and enhance clean technologies for Brazil and, eventually, the rest of the world in a real living, breathing community. A microcosm of life both good and bad that can assist planners and developers the world over in choosing technologies that work and technologies that need improvement. We can explore and assess the interaction between technologies and people while enhancing the everyday life of an under-served population. What works in Rocinha, the largest favela in Rio de Janeiro, will work in any number of cities across the globe. There are hundreds of usable clean technologies that we could discuss, such as concrete that utilizes the carbon from a coal burning power plant or simple solar collectors to heat water or even the use of small scale, roof top wind turbines to power the house lights. But lets begin with just one an energy management systems or more specifically, energymanaged street lights. In its most simple form, this can mean a solar switch that turns streets lights on at dusk and off at dawn or the use of Light-Emitting Diode (LED) and the longer-life Induction lamps. The use of street lights can reduce crime and allow the citizens to socialize and enjoy their neighborhoods in the evenings. But these same lights can waste energy and unnecessarily cause the unnecessary emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) when no one is in the vicinity. They become difficult and expensive to maintain, and the costs escalate exponentially in difficult terrain, such as the small streets of a hilly favela. A well implemented LED and Induction lamp lighting installation in Rocinha could consist of a simple interface that would be utilized by the local government and by the supporting maintenance crew responsible for the day-to-day upkeep of the street lights. The system can use remote lighting controllers collocated with the street lights, and a simple low-bandwidth wireless communications network such as the Bluetooth system or a local Wi-Fi link to communicate with a central computer. This link can provide two-

Jonathan Kendall

12/15/2011

way communications to each lamp to check status, lamp condition, lamp usage and expected life, and adjust the light output by switching or dimming individual lamps. Statistics from a lighting consulting company show some of the possible savings and the results of pilot system tests: 46% reduction in KWh consumption resulting in an approximate 30% reduction in streetlight electricity costs. Projected carbon dioxide savings for the city is 70 tons per year, corresponding to the 46% reduction in electricity consumption. Streetlight failure identification within hours, thus providing a 90% reduction in average lamp downtime. Prevention of future lamp failures by triggering alarms when the lamp voltage exceeds recommended levels. Number of on-site maintenance operations is reduced by a minimum 30%. The software enables many of the operations to be performed remotely. And, we can super-charge these savings when we change from standard street lamps to LED and induction lamps. These high-tech lamps are very efficient and clean. A manufacturer claims: Comparing to High Pressure Sodium Lamps, LED and induction street lights can save about 50% - 70% energy. The lifespan of an LED or induction street lamp is 3 - 5 times a Sodium Lamp, and with a 10 year guarantee, the expensive maintenance costs can be cut to almost nothing. Another target area can be trash management and the cost savings with service improvements. The favelas of Brazil were not built with any forethought to the needs of its people, and the waste has built up on the hillsides of Rio de Janeiro. A simple trash or recycling bin could be attached to the lighting and electrical poles that stand in Rocinha. The citizens of the favelas would finally have easily accessible and structured locations for their trash and recyclables, so that it doesnt dirty the sidewalks or spread disease. Being able to navigate the tight streets of Rocinha would be impossible for regular waste collection vehicles (WCV); however, there are specialized, miniature WCVs or even a standard pickup truck might work. The work would be done by either a company or, with the community in mind, a volunteer program. The latter option would not only help the community physically, but also help bring the people of the favela together by letting the residents do the helping. In the planning for a new and improved favela, LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, an international standard for certifying green buildings) can be implemented in the favelas for low cost, high return green-thinking. Probably the most recognizable facets of green technology is the use of photovoltaic solar energy; however, it is still developing, and may not be ready for the streets of Rocinha. Passive solar is a form of architectural design that utilizes the suns vast amount of energy, rather than the use of photovoltaic panels. A passive solar water heating system is an easily implemented system to cut the costs of an extremely important natural resource for the people of the favelas. Simply covering the roof of a home in the favela with white vinyl can significantly decrease the temperature of the house by reflecting the solar spectrum. This, used in tandem with the solar heating system, would significantly decrease the energy resources needed for a standard housing plan.

Jonathan Kendall

12/15/2011

A new hydride, or hydrogen based, battery will soon be available. This battery technology will allow strategic advantages in the emerging energy storage, renewable energy and electric/hybrid vehicle industries. It was developed for and has been in use for 18 years of no-maintenance, constant charge-cycle use in the Hubbell Space Telescope. In addition to supplying hybrid/electric vehicles with cost effective, patented and proprietary battery technology, this battery solution will transition into a variety of channels such as telecom, wind, solar, geothermal, electric grid balancing, and general electrical storage. This technology will also be commercialized for heat engine power generation systems and air conditioning/refrigeration systems for commercial/industrial and consumer uses. This technology features unlimited charge cycles, super-fast recharging, environmentally friendly components, and 100% charge availability. This is a game-changing technology offering exciting societal applications, such as small-scale wind and solar technologies that store electricity collected during the day for use in the evening for a house, a neighborhood or an entire city. Before all of these technologies can be established, however, there must be a structured and sophisticated planning stage that includes LEED and Green Building standards, and health, safety and welfare concerns. This stage is crucial for the immediate success and future improvements of this endeavor. The operational process, after defining the strategy, is the evaluation of the projects segmented into three sequential phases: Preliminary Analysis: initial evaluation of the project, taking into account the strategy defined and the institutional analysis (political stability, regulatory model, economic situation, funding prospects, etc.) of the area of the project focus; Pre-feasibility: general evaluation of the Project as to technical, legal, regulatory, market and financial aspects. On average, pre-feasibility studies conception represents the need of a small investment and of deadlines; Feasibility: detailed studies of engineering (hydrology, topography, geology, energy studies, electric and mechanic infra-structure, logistics, etc.) as well as environmental and financial studies, in addition to business structuring through its Business Plan, which includes risk mitigation, financing sources, profitability of the project, etc. Thanks to the extremely high-profile sporting events that are going to occur, an opportunity for a green revolution has arrived in the favelas of Brazil. The huge number of international spectators that will travel through the major cities of Brazil will not only see the good sides of the country, but also the less-than perfect. A new wave of innovation, especially of clean technology, is exactly what the country needs for a positive image when the FIFA World Cup opens in 2014. When slums like Rocinha are given a new lease on life, it will not only assist them, but the innovations will blossom and create a multitude of heretofore untested technologies that are ready for a world market. The people of these favelas have lived in gang-controlled poverty for decades; now is the time to create a new world for them and for all of Brazil. Author: Jonathan Kendall, Co-Founder & Senior Partner Rio Energy Consulting Rio de Janeiro, Brasil and Washington, DC RioEnergyConsulting.com JonathanKendallTSS@gmail.com

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