LABORLAW

GOLDENNOTES2011
UNIVERSITYOFSANTOTOMAS
FACULTYOFCIVILLAW
MANILA

AcademicYear20112012
CIVILLAWSTUDENTCOUNCIL

LesterJohnA.Lomeda
WilfredoT.Bonilla,Jr.
RaissaS.Saipudin
BernadetteFaustineC.Balao
MarcMikhaeleJ.Santos
VictorLorenzoL.Villanuea

President
VicePresident
Secretary
Treasurer
Auditor
PublicRelationsOfficer

TEAM:BAROPS2011

DianeCamillaR.Borja
CarloArtemusV.Diaz
MaryGraceL.Javier
RonnRobbyD.Rosales
MarkArthurM.Catabona
AngeliP.Albaa
VicenteO.PlatonIII
KimverlyA.Ong

Chairperson
ViceChairperson
Secretary
LogisticsCommitteeHead
Asst.LogisticsCommitteeHead
FinanceCommitteeHead
HotelAccommodationsHead
Asst.HotelAccommodationsHead

The UST GOLDEN NOTES is a student-edited work of the University

of Santo Tomas, Faculty of Civil Law. It is updated annually.
Communications regarding the NOTES should be addressed to the
Academics Committee of the Team: Bar-Ops.
ADDRESS:

TEL. NO.:

Team Bar-Ops
Academics Committee
Faculty of Civil Law
University of Santo Tomas
Espaa, Manila 1008
(02) 731-4027
(02) 4061611 loc. 8578

2011ACADEMICSCOMMITTEE

LesterJayAlanE.FloresII
KarenJoyG.Sabugo
JohnHenryC.Mendoza
JeanelleC.Lee
TheenaC.Martinez
EarlLouieM.Masacayan

Chairperson
ViceChairforAcademics
ViceChairforAcademics
ViceChairforAdministrationandFinance
ViceChairforLayoutandDesign
ViceChairforLayoutandDesign

LABORLAWCOMMITTEE

AngeloS.Diokno
KarenJoyG.Sabugo
GenesisR.Fulgencio
RandolphIanClet
PalmaClarissaV.Carillo
MichaelAaronP.Gacutan
LorraineG.Taguiam

LaborLawCommitteeHead
Asst.LaborLawCommitteeHead
Asst.LaborLawCommitteeHead
Member
Member
Member
Member

ADVISER

Atty.JoevenD.Dellosa

FACULTYOFCIVILLAW
UNIVERSITYOFSANTOTOMAS
AcademicYear20112012

ADMINISTRATIVEOFFICIALS

Atty.NILOT.DIVINA
Dean

Rev.Fr.ISIDROC.ABAO,O.P.
Regent

Atty.MARIANJOANNEK.COPUA
FacultySecretary

Atty.ELGINMICHAELC.PEREZ
LegalCounsel
USTChiefJusticeRobertoConcepcionLegalAidClinic

JudgePHILIPA.AGUINALDO
SWDBCoordinator

ANNACHRISTINAS.AQUI,MA,RGC
GuidanceCounselor


Ourdeepestappreciationtoour
Mentors&Inspiration

DeanAntonioH.Abad,Jr.

Atty.SamsonS.Alcantara

Atty.ArnoldE.Cacho
Atty.JoevenD.Dellosa
Atty.CesarE.SantamariaJr.

For activating our magnets of curiosity, knowledge and

wisdom and helping us understand the intricate
sphere of Labor Law.

AcademicsCommittee2011

TABLE OF CONTENTS
SYLLABUS FOR 2011 BAR EXAMINATIONS
LABOR LAW
November 6, 2011
(First Sunday, Morning)

A.

FUNDAMENTALPRINCIPLESANDPOLICIES
1. CONSTITUTIONALPROVISIONS
a. Art.II,Secs.9,10,11,13,14,18,20
b. Art.III,Secs.1,4,8
c. Art.XIII,Secs.1,2,3,14
2. NEWCIVILCODEANDOTHERLAWS
3. LABORCODE
a. Article3
b. Article211
c. Article212
d. Article255

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7

B.

RECRUITMENTANDPLACEMENT
1. RECRUITMENTOFLOCALANDMIGRANTWORKERS
a. RecruitmentandPlacement;defined
b. IllegalRecruitment,Art.38(Local),Sec.6,MigrantWorkersAct,RA8042
a) Licensevs.Authority
b) Essential Elements of Illegal recruitment; Simple Illegal
recruitment; Illegal recruitment in a large scale; Illegal
recruitmentaseconomicsabotage;IllegalRecruitmentvs.Estafa
c) Liabilities
d) PreterminationofContractofMigrantWorkers
c. DirectHiring
2. REGULATIONANDENFORCEMENT
a. RemittanceofForeignExchangeEarnings
b. ProhibitedActivities
c. RegulatoryandVisitorialPowersoftheLaborSecretary
d. PenaltiesforIllegalRecruitment
3. OTHERRELATEDTOPICS

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C.

LABORSTANDARDS
1. HOURSOFWORK
a. Coverage/Exclusions
b. NormalHoursofWork
a) Exceptions:HealthPersonnel;CompressedWorkWeek
c. WorkInterruptionduetoBrownouts
d. MealBreak
e. Idletime,waitingtime,commutingtime,traveltime,whetherpartofhours
ofworkornot
f. OvertimeWork
a) Undertimenotoffsetbyovertime
b) Waiverofovertimepay
g. NightWork
h. CBAprovisionvisavisovertimework
2. WAGES
a. NoworkNoPayprinciple
b. Coverage/Exclusions
c. Facilitiesvs.Supplements
d. Wagesvs.Salaries

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

e. WageDistortion
f. CBAvisavisWageOrdersCBACredibility
g. Nondimunitionofbenefits
h. Workerspreferenceincaseofbankruptcy
i. LaborCodeprovisionsforwageprotection
j. Allowabledeductionswithoutemployeesconsent
k. Attorneysfeesandunionservicefeeinlaborcases
l. Criteria/FactorsforWageSetting
RESTDAY
a. Righttoweeklyrestday;Preferenceoftheemployee;Whenworkonrest
dayauthorized
HOLIDAYS
a. RighttoHolidayPay
a) IncaseofAbsences
b) Incaseoftemporarycessationofwork
c) Ofteachers,pieceworkers,seafarers,seasonalworkers
LEAVES
a. ServiceIncentiveLeavePay
b. MaternityLeave
c. PaternityLeave
d. ParentalLeave
e. Leavesforvictimsofviolenceagainstwomen
SERVICECHARGES
a. CoverageandExclusion
b. Distribution
c. Integration
th
13 MONTHPAYANDOTHERBONUSES
a. Coverage,Exclusion/ExemptionsfromCoverage
b. Natureof13thmonthpay
c. Commissionsvisavis13thmonthpay
th
d. CBAvisavis13 monthpay
WOMENWORKERS
a. Discrimination(Art.135,LC);ProhibitedActs(Art.137,LC)
b. Stipulationagainstmarriage(Art.136,LC)
c. ClassificationofCertainWomenWorkers(Art.138,LC)
d. AntiSexualHarassmentAct(RA7877)
MINORWORKERS
a. Regulation of working hours of a child; Employment of the child in public
entertainment;Prohibitionofemployingminorsincertainundertakingsand
incertainadvertisements
EMPLOYMENTOFHOUSEHELPERS
a. Definition
b. Benefitsaccordedhousehelpers
c. Termination
d. Reliefsforunjusttermination
EMPLOYMENTOFHOMEWORKERS
a. Definition
b. Rightsandbenefitsaccordedhomeworkers
c. Conditionsfordeductionfromhomeworkersearnings
APPRENTICESANDLEARNERS
a. Apprentices
b. Learners
c. Distinctionsbetweenlearnershipandapprenticeship
HANDICAPPEDWORKERS
a. Definitionofhandicappedworkers
b. RightsofDisabledworkers
c. Prohibitionsondiscriminationagainstdisabledpersons
d. Incentivesforemployers

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
D.

TERMINATIONOFEMPLOYMENT
1. EMPLOYEREMPLOYEERELATIONSHIP
a. Fourfoldtest
b. Twotieredtest
c. Probationaryemployment
d. Kindsofemployment
a) Regularemployment
(1) Reasonableconnectionrule
b) Projectemployment
(1) Indicatorsofprojectemployment
c) Seasonalemployment
d) Casualemployment
e) Fixedtermemployment;Requisitesforvalidity
e. JobcontractingandLaboronlycontracting
2. TERMINATIONOFEMPLOYMENT
a. SubstantiveDueProcess
a) JustCauses
(1) SeriousMisconduct
(2) WillfulDisobedience
(3) Negligence
(4) Abandonment
(5) Fraud;BreachofTrust/LossofConfidence
(6) TerminationofEmploymentpursuanttoUnionSecurity
Clause
(7) TotalityofInfractionsDoctrine
(8) CommissionofaCrime
(9) AnalogousCases
b) AuthorizedCauses
(1) Redundancy
(2) Retrenchment
(3) Closure
(4) Disease
b. ProceduralDueProcess
a) AgabonDoctrine
c. Reliefsforillegaldismissal
a) Reinstatementaspect
(1) Immediatelyexecutor;actualreinstatementandpayroll
reinstatement
b) Separationpayinlieuofreinstatement
(1) Strainedrelationrule
c) Backwages
(1) Componentsoftheamountofbackwages
d) ConstructiveDismissal
e) PreventiveSuspension
f) Quitclaim
g) Terminationofemploymentbyemployee
3. RetirementPayLaw
a. Coverage,Exclusionsfromcoverage,ComponentsofRetirementpay
b. Retirement pay under RA 7641 visavis Retirment benefits under SSS and
GSISlaws

E.

MANAGEMENTPREROGATIVE
1. DISCIPLINE
2. TRANSFEROFEMPLOYEES
3. PRODUCTIVITYSTANDARD
4. GRANTOFBONUS

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102

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
5.
6.
7.
8.

CHANGEOFWORKINGHOURS
MARITALDISCRIMINATION
POSTEMPLOYMENTBAN
LIMITATIONSINITSEXERCISE

105
105
106
106

F.

SOCIALLEGISLATION
1. SSSLaw(RA8282)
a. Coverage
b. Exclusionsfromcoverage
c. Benefits
d. Beneficiaries
2. GSIS(RA8291)
a. Coverage
b. Exclusionsfromcoverage
c. Benefits
d. Beneficiaries
3. LIMITEDPORTABILITYLAW(RA7699)
4. EMPLOYEESsCOMPENSATION

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107
108
109
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114
115
116
116
117
123
124
124

G.

LABORRELATIONSLAW
1. RIGHTTOSELFORGANIZATION
a. Whomayunionizeforpurposesofcollectivebargaining
b. BargainingUnit
a) Testtodeterminetheconstituencyofanappropriatebargaining
unit
b) VoluntaryRecognition
c. CertificationElection
d. RunoffElection
e. RerunElection
f. ConsentElection
g. AffiliationandDisaffiliationofthelocalunionfromthemotherunion
a) SubstitutionaryDoctrine
h. UnionDuesandSpecialAssessments
a) UnionDues
b) SpecialAssessments
i. AgencyFees
2. RIGHTTOCOLLECTIVEBARGAINING
a. DutytoBargainCollectively
b. MandatoryProvisionsoftheCBA
a) GrievanceProcedure
b) VoluntaryArbitration
c) NostrikeNoLockoutclause
d) LaborManagementCouncil
c. ULPinCollectiveBargaining
d. UnfairLaborPractice
a) ULPofEmployers
b) ULPofLaborOrganizations
3. RIGHTTOPEACEFULCONCERTEDACTIVITIES
a. FormsofConcertedActivities
b. Whomaydeclareastrikeorlockout
c. Requisitesforavalidstrike/lockout
d. AssumptionofjurisdictionbytheSecretaryofLabororCertificationofthe
LabordisputetotheNLRCforcompulsoryarbitration
e. NatureofAssumptionOrderorCertificationOrder
f. EffectofdefianceofAssumptionorCertificationorder
g. IllegalStrike

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128
128

128
130
131
136
136
136
138
142
142
142
143
144
144
145
149
150
150
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151
151
152
152
157
158
161
161
162

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
a) LiabilityofOfficersoftheUnionandOrdinaryWorkers
b) WaiverofIllegalityofStrike
h. Injunctions
a) RequisitesforLaborInjunctions
b) InnocentBystanderRule

169
170
170
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170

H.

PROCEDUREANDJURISDICTION
1. LABORARBITER
a. Jurisdiction
b. Effectofselfexecutingorderofreinstatementonbackwages
c. RequirementstoperfectappealtoNLRC
2. NATIONALLABORRELATIONSCOMMISSION(NLRC)
a. Jurisdictions
b. EffectofNLRCreversalofLaborArbitersorderofreinstatement
c. RequirementstoperfectappealtoCourtofAppeals
3. BUREAUOFLABORRELATIONS(BLR)MEDARBITERS
a. Jurisdiction
4. NATIONALCONCILIATIONANDMEDIATIONBOARD
a. Conciliationvs.Mediation
b. PreventiveMediation
c. Arbitration
5. DOLEREGIONALDIRECTORS
a. SmallMoneyClaims
6. DOLESECRETARY
a. VisitorialandEnforcementPowers
b. PowertosuspendeffectsofTerminationArt.277(b)oftheLaborCode
7. VOLUNTARYARBITRATORS
a. SubmissionAgreement
b. Rule43,RulesofCourt
8. COURTOFAPPEALS
9. SUPREMECOURT
10. PRESCRIPTIONOFACTIONS

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186
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188
189
190
190

I.

FLOWCHARTS
1. PHILIPPINELABORDISPUTESETTLEMENTSYSTEM(OVERVIEW)
a. OverviewBasedonJurisdiction
b. OverviewBasedonCausesofAction
a) Injunction
b) Article217oftheLaborCode
c) MoneyclaimsunderRA8042asamended
d) UnresolvedGrievances,otherdisputesbypartiesagreements
e) NCMBinvolvingNOSandLockouts
f) EnforcementofLaborStandardLaws(Art.128oftheLC)
g) RecoveryofWages,SimpleMoneyClaimsandBenefits(Art.129
oftheLC)
h) InterIntraUnionDisputes
i) RepresentationIssues
j) CriminalActionforIllegalRecruitment

J.

INDEX

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199

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201
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203

204

K.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

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