PLC Hung Yen

L p trnh PLC
B i: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn
L p trnh PLC
B i: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn
Phin b n tr c tuy n: < http://voer.edu.vn/content/col10164/1.1/ >
Hoc lieu Mo Vietnam - Vietnam Open Educational Resources
Ti li u ny v s bin t p n i dung c b n quy n thu c v Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn. Ti li u ny tun th gi y php Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). Ti li u c hi u nh b i: July 30, 2010 Ngy t o PDF: July 30, 2010 bi t thng tin v ng gp cho cc module c trong ti li u ny, xem tr. 127.
N i dung
1 Chng 1: T ng quan v PLC 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 M U ..................................................................... .............. 1 L ch s pht tri n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 C u trc v nguyn l lm vi c c a PLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Phn lo i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 C u trc ph n c ng PLC S7-300 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 l p trnh v ng d ng
2 Chng 2 : Ngn ng
2.1 Gi i thi u cc ngn ng l p trnh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 2.2 Chu trnh lm vi c, l p trnh v c u trc chng trnh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 2.3 T p l nh PLC S7 - 300 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 3 Chng 3 : Ngn ng 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 l p trinh Step 7
CI T STEP 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 So n th o m t Project m i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 So n th o chng trnh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 104 Ch y th , n p chng trnh xu ng ph n c ng, gim st ho t ng c a chng trnh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
4 Chng 4 : L a ch n, l p t, ki m tra v b o tr h th ng 4.1 L a ch n, l p t, ki m tra v b o tr h th ng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Attributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127
iv
Chng 1
Chng 1: T ng quan v PLC

1.1 M U1
Trong cc h th ng s n xu t, trong cc thi t b t ng v bn t ng, h th ng i u khi n ng vai tr i u ph i ton b cc ho t ng c a my mc thi t b . Cc h th ng my mc v thi t b s n xu t th ng r t ph c t p, c r t nhi u i l ng v t l ph i i u khi n c th ho t ng ng b ho c theo m t trnh t cng ngh nh t nh nh m t o ra m t s n ph m mong mu n. T ng i l ng v t l n l c th c i u khi n b ng m t m ch i u khi n c s d ng tng t hay gin o n. i u khi n nhi u i l ng v t l ng th i chng ta khng th dng cc m ch i u khi n tng t m ph i s d ng h th ng i u khi n l gc. Tr c y cc h th ng i u khi n l gc c s d ng l h th ng l gc r le. Nh s pht tri n nhanh chng c a k thu t i n t , cc thi t b i u khi n l gc kh l p trnh PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) xu t hi n vo nm 1969 thay th cc h th ng i u khi n r le. Cng ngy PLC cng tr nn hon thi n v a nng. Cc PLC ngy nay khng nh ng c kh nng thay th hon ton cc thi t b i u khi n lo gc c i n, m cn c kh nng thay th cc thit b i u khi n tng t . Cc PLC c s d ng r ng ri trong cng nghi p. Ch c nng chnh c a PLC l ki m tra tr ng thi c a cc u vo v i u khi n cc qu trnh ho c cc h th ng my mc thng qua cc tn hi u trn chnh u ra c a PLC. T h p l gc c a cc u vo t o ra m t hay nhi u tn hi u ra c g i l i u khi n l gc. Cc t h p l gc th ng c th c hi n theo trnh t i u khi n hay cn g i l chng trnh i u khi n. Chng trnh i u khi n c lu trong b nh c a PLC c th b ng cch l p trnh b ng thi t b c m tay n i tr c ti p v i PLC ho c l p trnh trn my tnh c nhn nh cc ph n m m chuyn d ng v truy n vo PLC qua m ng hay qua cp truy n d li u. B x l tn hi u, th ng l cc b vi x l t c cao, th c hi n chng trnh i u khi n theo chu k. Kho ng th i gian th c hi n m t chu trnh i u khi n t lc ki m tra cc tn hi u vo, th c hi n cc php tnh lo gc ho c i s c c tn hi u i u khi n, cho n khi pht tn hi u n u ra c goi l chu k th i gian qut.
1 This
content is available online at <http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14656/1.1/>.
CHNG 1. CHNG 1: T NG QUAN V
PLC
Figure 1.1
PLC trong cng nghi p th ng c c u hnh n gi n nh t, b i v cc chng trnh trnh i u khi n qu trnh cng ngh hay my mc th ng c ho t ng 24/24 v khng c n b t c s can thi p c a con ng i trong qu trnh i u khi n. PLC ch d ng qut chng trnh i u khi n khi ng t ngu n ho c khi cng t c ng ng c kch ho t. S kh i n gi n ho c a PLC c th hi n trn hnh Trn u vo c a PLC c th c cc knh tn hi u tng t ho c cc knh tn hi u s . Cc knh tn hi u ny xu t pht t cc c m bi n, t cc cng t c hnh trnh, cng t c ng ng t m ch i n ho c t cc bi n l gc tng ng v i cc cc tr ng thi c a my mc, thi t b . Tn hi u vo c b x l trung tm x l nh cc php tnh l gc hay s h c v k t qu l cc tn hi u ra. Cc tn hi u tn hi u ra l cc tn hi u truy n i n nng n cho cc c c u ch p hnh nh cu n ht, n hi u, ng c vv. i n p trn u vo c a PLC l i n p cng su t th p, tng ng v i m c t 0V n 5V m t chi u. Khi ta n i cc u vo c m c i n p cao hn 5V, th ng ph i dng cc knh c cc m ch chuy n i bi n i n p vo thnh i n p tng ng v i m c +/ 5VDC. i n p trn u ra c a PLC c th c nhi u m c i n p khc nhau, nhng u c m c nng l ng th p. N u c n ph i i u khi n c c u ch p hnh c m c nng l ng cao hn, ta ph i s d ng cc thi t b khuy ch i cng su t.
1.2 L ch s pht tri n2

Vo kho ng nm 1968, cc nh s n xu t t a ra cc yu c u k thut u tin cho thi t b i khi n l gc kh l p trnh. M c ch u tin l thay th cho cc t iu khi n c ng k nh, tiu th nhi u i n nng v th ng xuyn ph i thay th cc r le do h ng cu n ht hay g y cc thanh l xo ti p i m. M c ch th hai l t o ra m t thi u b i u khi n c tnh linh ho t trong vi c thay i chng trnh i u khi n. Cc yu c u k thu t ny chnh l c s c a cc my tnh cng nghi p, m u i m chnh c a n l s l p trnh d dng b i cc k thu t vin v cc k s s n xu t. V i thi t b i u khi n kh l p trnh, ng i ta c th gi m th i gian d ng trong s n xu t, m r ng kh nng hon thi n h th ng s n xu t v thch ng v i s thay i trong s n xu t. M t s nh s n xu t thi t b i u khi n trn c s my tnh s n xu t ra cc thi t b i u khi n kh l p trnh cn g i l PLC.
2 This
3 Nh ng PLC u tin c ng d ng trong cng nghi p t vo nm 1969 em l i s u vi t hn h n cc h th ng i u khi n trn c s r le. Cc thi t b ny c l p trnh d dng, khng chi m nhi u khng gian trong cc x ng s n xu t v c tin c y cao hn cc h th ng r le. Cc ng d ng c a PLC nhanh chng r ng m ra t t c cc ngnh cng nghi p s n xu t khc. Hai c i m chnh d n n s thnh cng c a PLC chnh l tin c y cao v kh nng l p trnh d dng. tin c y c a PLC c m b o b i cc m ch bn d n c thi t k thch ng v i mi tr ng cng nghi p. Cc m ch vo ra c thi t k m b o kh nng ch ng nhi u, ch u c m, ch u c d u, b i v nhi t cao. Cc ngn ng l p trnh u tin c a PLC tng t nh s thang trong cc h th ng i u khi n l gc, nn cc k s lm quen v i s thang, d dng thch nghi v i vi c l p trnh m khng c n ph i qua m t qu trnh o t o no. M t s cc ng d ng c a my tnh trong s n xu t trong th i gian u b th t b i, cng chnh v vi c h c s d ng cc ph n m m my tnh khng d dng ngay c v i cc k s. Khi cc vi x l c a vo s d ng trong nh ng nm 1974 1975, cc kh nng c b n c a PLC c m r ng v hon thi n hn. Cc PLC c trang b vi x l c kh nng th c hi n cc tnh ton v x l s li u ph c t p, i u ny lm tng kh nng ng d ng c a PLC cho cc h th ng i u khi n ph c t p. Cc PLC khng ch d ng l i ch l cc thi t b i u khi n l gc, m n cn c kh nng thay th c cc thi t b i u khi n tng t . Vo cu i nh ng nm b y mi vi c truy n d li u tr nn d dng nh s pht tri n nh y v t c a cng nghi p i n t . Cc PLC c th i u khi n cc thi t b cch xa hng vi trm mt. Cc PLC c th trao i d li u cho nhau v vi c i u khi n qu trnh s n xu t tr nn d dng hn. Thi t b i u khi n kh l p trnh PLC chnh l cc my tnh cng nghi p dng cho m c ch i u khi n my, i u khi n cc ng d ng cng nghi p thay th cho cc thi t b c ng nh cc r le, cu n ht v cc ti p i m. Ngy nay chng ta c th th y PLC trong hng nghn ng d ng cng nghi p. Chng c s d ng trong cng nghi p ho ch t, cng nghi p ch bi n d u, cng nghi p th c ph m, cng nghi p c kh, cng nghi p x l n c v ch t th i, cng nghi p d c ph m, cng nghi p d t may, nh my i n h t nhn, trong cng nghi p khai khong, trong giao thng v n t i, trong qun s , trong cc h th ng m b o an ton, trong cc h th ng v n chuy n t ng, i u khi n r b t, i u khi n my cng c CNC vv. Cc PLC c th c kt n i v i cc my tnh truy n, thu th p v lu tr s li u bao g m c qu trnh i u khi n b ng th ng k, qu trnh m b o ch t l ng, ch n on s c tr c tuy n, thay i chng trnh i u khi n t xa. Ngoi ra PLC cn c dng trong h th ng qu n l nng l ng nh m gi m gi thnh v c i thi n mi tr ng i u khi n trong cc cc h th ng ph c v s n xu t, trong cc d ch v v cc vn phng cng s . S ra i c a my tnh c nhn PC trong nh ng nm tm mi nng cao ng k tnh nng v kh nng s d ng c a PLC trong i u khi n my v qu trnh s n xu t. Cc PC gi thnh khng cao c th s d ng nh cc thit b l p trnh v l giao di n gi a ng i v n hnh v h th ng iu khi n. Nh s pht tri n c a cc ph n m m ho cho my tnh c nhn PC, cc PLC cng c trang b cc giao di n ho c th m ph ng ho c hi n th cc ho t ng c a t ng b ph n trong h th ng iu khi n. i u ny c ngha c bi t quan tr ng i v i cc my CNC, v n t o cho ta kh nng m ph ng tr c qu trnh gia cng, nh m trnh cc s c do l p trnh sai. My tnh c nhn PC v PLC u c s d ng r ng ri trong cc h th ng i u khi n s n xu t v c trong cc h th ng d ch v . PLC c s n xu t b i nhi u hng khc nhau trn th gi i. V nguyn l ho t ng, cc PLC ny c tnh nng tng t gi ng nhau, nhng v l p trnh s d ng th chng hon ton khc nhau do thi t k khc nhau c a m i nh s n xu t. PLC khc v i cc my tnh l khng c ngn ng l p trnh chung v khng c h i u hnh. Khi c b t ln th PLC ch ch y chng trnh i u khi n ghi trong b nh c a n, ch khng th ch y c ho t ng no khc. M t s hng s n xu t PLC l n c tn tu i nh: Siemens, Toshiba, Mishubisi, Omron, Allan Bradley, Rocwell, Fanuc l cc hng chi m ph n l n th ph n PLC th gi i. Cc PLC c a cc hng ny c ng d ng r ng ri trong cng nghi p s d ng cng ngh t ng ho. Cc thi t b i u khi n PLC t o thm s c m nh, t c v tnh linh ho t cho cc h th ng cng nghi p. B ng s thay th cc ph n t c i n b ng PLC, qu trnh i u khi n tr nn nhanh hn, r hn, v quan tr ng nh t l hi u qu hn. PLC l s l a ch n t t hn cc h th ng r le hay my tnh tiu chu n do m t s l do sau: -T n t khng gian: M t PLC c n t khng gian hn m t my tnh tiu chu n hay t i u khi n r le th c hi n cng m t c c nng.
PLC
- Ti t ki m nng l ng: PLC tiu th nng l ng m c r t th p, t hn c cc my tnh thng th ng. -Gi thnh th p : M t PLC gi tng ng c 5 n 10 r le, nhng n c kh nng thay th hng trm r le. - Kh nng thch ng v i mi tr ng cng nghi p: Cc v c a PLC c lm t cc v t li u c ng, c kh nng ch ng ch u c b i b n, d u m , m, rung ng v nhi u. Cc my tnh tiu chu n khng c kh nng ny. - Giao di n t c ti p: Cc my tnh tiu chu n c n c m t h th ng ph c t p c th giao ti p v i mi tr ng cng nghi p. Trong khi cc PLC c th giao di n tr c ti p nh cc m un vo ra I/O. - L p trnh d dng: Ph n l n cc PLC s d ng ngn ng l p trnh l s thang, tng t nh s u c a cc h th ng i u khi n r le thng th ng. - Tnh linh ho t cao: Chng trnh i u khi n c a PLC c th thay i nhanh chng v d dng b ng cch n p l i chng trnh i u khi n m i vo PLC b ng b l p trnh, b ng th nh , b ng truy n t i qua m ng.
1.3 C u trc v nguyn l lm vi c c a PLC3

1.3.1 C u trc chung
PLC l thi t b i u khi n logic kh trnh (Program Logic Control), l lo i thi t b cho php th c hi n linh ho t cc thu t ton i u khi n s thng qua 1 ngn ng l p trnh, thay cho vi c ph i th hi n thu t ton b ng m ch s . Cng nh cc thi t b l p trnh khc, h th ng l p trnh c b n c a PLC bao g m 2 ph n: kh i x l trung tm (CPU) v h th ng giao ti p vo/ra (I/O) nh s kh i:
Figure 1.2
3 This
5 1.3.1.1 Kh i x l trung tm:
L m t vi x l i u khi n t t c cc ho t ng c a PLC nh: Th c hi n chng trnh, x l vo/ra v truy n thng v i cc thi t b bn ngoi. 1.3.1.2 B nh C nhi u cc b nh khc nhau dng ch a chng trnh h th ng l m t ph n m m i u khi n cc ho t ng c a h th ng, s LAD, tr s c a Timer, Counter c ch a trong vng nh ng d ng, ty theo yu c u c a ng i dng c th ch n cc b nh khc nhau: 1. B nh ROM: l lo i b nh khng thay i c, b nh ny ch n p c m t l n nn t c s d ng ph bi n nh cc lo i b nh khc. 2. B nh RAM: l lo i b nh c th thay i c v dng ch a cc chng trnh ng d ng cng nh d li u, d li u ch a trong Ram s b m t khi m t i n. Tuy nhin, i u ny c th kh c ph c b ng cch dng Pin. 3. B nh EPROM: Gi ng nh ROM, ngu n nui cho EPROM khng c n dng Pin, tuy nhin n i dung ch a trong n c th xo b ng cch chi u tia c c tm vo m t c a s nh trn EPROM v sau n p l i n i dung b ng my n p. 4. B nh EEPROM: k t h p hai u i m c a RAM v EPROM, lo i ny c th xa v n p b ng tn hi u i n. Tuy nhin s l n n p cng c gi i h n. M t PLC c y cc ch c nng nh: b m, b nh th i, cc thanh ghi (registers) v t p l nh cho php th c hi n cc yu c u i u khi n ph c t p khc nhau. Ho t ng c a PLC hon ton ph thu c vo chng trnh n m trong b nh , n lun c p nh t tn hi u ng vo, x l tn hi u i u khi n ng ra. nh gi m t b PLC ng i ta d a vo 2 tiu chu n chnh: Dung l ng b nh v s ti p i m vo/ra c a n. Bn c nh cng c n ch n cc ch c nng nh: B vi x l, chu k xung clock, ngn ng l p trnh, kh nng m r ng s c ng vo/ra. Bn c nh , m t b PLC hon ch nh cn i km thm m t n v l p trnh b ng tay hay b ng my tnh. H u h t cc n v l p trnh n gi n u c RAM ch a ng chng trnh d i d ng hon thi n hay b sung. N u n v l p trnh l n v xch tay, RAM th ng l lo i CMOS c pin d phng, ch khi no chng trnh c ki m tra v s n sng s d ng th n m i truy n sang b nh PLC. i v i cc PLC l n th ng l p trnh trn my tnh nh m h tr cho vi c vi t, c v ki m tra chng trnh. Cc n v l p trnh n i v i PLC qua c ng RS232, RS422, RS458,. . . Trong h th ng i u khi n PLC cc ph n t nh p tn hi u nh: chuy n m ch, nt n, c m bi n, ... c n i v i u vo c a thi t b PLC. Cc ph n t ch p hnh nh: n bo, r le, cng t c t,... c n i n l i ra c a PLC t i cc u n i. Chng trnh i u khi n PLC c so n th o d i cc d ng c b n (s c trnh by ph n sau) s c n p vo b nh bn trong PLC, sau t ng th c hi n tu n t theo m t chu i l nh i u khi n c xc nh tr c. H cn cho php cng nhn v n hnh thao tc b ng tay cc ti p i m, nt d ng kh n c p m b o tnh an ton trong cc tr ng h p x y ra s c . PLC c xem nh tri tim trong m t h th ng i u khi n t ng n l v i chng trnh i u khi n c ch a trong b nh c a PLC, PLC th ng xuyn ki m tra tr ng thi c a h th ng thng qua cc tn hi u h i ti p t thi t b vo t c th a ra nh ng tn hi u i u khi n tng ng n cc thi t b ra. PLC c th c s d ng cho nh ng yu c u i u khi n n gi n v c l p i l p l i theo chu k, ho c lin k t v i my tnh ch khc ho c my tnh ch thng qua m t ki u h th ng m ng truy n thng th c hi n cc qu trnh x l ph c t p. 1.3.1.3 Tn hi u vo M c thng minh c a m t h th ng i u khi n ph thu c ch y u vo kh nng c a PLC c c cc d li u khc nhau t cc c m bi n cng nh b ng cc thi t b nh p b ng tay. Tiu bi u cho cc thi t b nh p b ng tay nh: nt n, bn phm v chuy n m ch. M t khc, o, ki m tra chuy n ng, p su t, lu l ng ch t l ng ,... PLC ph i nh n cc tn hi u t cc c m bi n. V d : ti p
PLC
i m hnh trnh, c m bi n quang i n,...tn hi u a vo PLC c th l tn hi u s (digital) ho c tn hi u tng t (analog), cc tn hi u ny c giao ti p v i PLC thng qua cc modul nh n tn hi u vo khc nhau khc nhau DI (Digital Input) ho c AI (Analog Input),.... 1.3.1.4 i t ng i u khi n M t h th ng i u khi n s khng c ngha th c t n u khng giao ti p c v i thi t b ngoi, cc thi t b ngoi thng d ng nh: mt, van, rle, n bo, chung i n,...cng gi ng nh thi t b vo, cc thi t b ngoi c n i n cc c ng ra c a modul ra (output). Cc modul ra ny c th l DO (Digital Output) ho c AO (ra tng t ).
1.3.2 Nguyn l lm vi c
CPU i u khi n cc ho t ng bn trong PLC. B x l s c v ki m tra chng trnh c ch a trong b nh , sau s th c hi n th t t ng l nh trong chng trnh, s ng hay ng t cc u ra. Cc tr ng thi ng ra y c pht t i cc thi t b lin k t th c thi. V ton b cc ho t ng th c thi u ph thu c vo chng trnh i u khi n c gi trong b nh . PLC th c ch t ch y b ng m my v i h th ng s nh phn, do t c qut vng chng trnh c th t n vi ph n ngn giy, cc Software dng l p trnh PLC tch h p c ph n bin d ch. Cc dng l nh khi l p trnh chng ta a t chng trnh vo th trnh bin d ch s chuy n i sang m my v ghi t ng bit 0 hay bit 1 ln ng vo v tr c a ch c quy c tr c trong PLC ln PC c th c thi x y ra ng c l i v trnh bin d ch lm xong nhi m v c a mnh tr c khi tr chng trnh ln Monitor.. H th ng Bus l tuy n dng truy n tn hi u, h th ng g m nhi u ng tn hi u song song: - Address Bus: Bus a ch dng truy n a ch n cc Modul khc nhau. - Data Bus: Bus dng truy n d li u. - Control Bus: Bus i u khi n dng truy n cc tn hi u nh th v i u khi n ng b cc ho t ng trong PLC. Trong PLC cc s li u c trao i gi a b vi x l v cc modul vo ra thng qua Data Bus. Address Bus v Data Bus g m 8 ng, cng th i i m cho php truy n 8 bit c a 1 byte m t cch ng th i hay song song. N u m t modul u vo nh n c a ch c a n trn Address Bus, n s chuy n t t c tr ng thi u vo c a n vo Data Bus. N u m t a ch byte c a 8 u ra xu t hi n trn Address Bus, modul u ra tng ng s nh n c d li u t Data bus. Control Bus s chuy n cc tn hi u i u khi n vo theo di chu trnh ho t ng c a PLC. Cc a ch v s li u c chuy n ln cc Bus tng ng trong m t th i gian h n ch . H th ng Bus s lm nhi m v trao i thng tin gi a CPU, b nh v I/O. Bn c ch , CPU c cung c p m t xung Clock c t n s t 18 MHZ. Xung ny quy t nh t c ho t ng c a PLC v cung c p cc y u t v nhth i, ng h c a h th ng. * Vng qut c a chng trnh: PLC th c hi n cc cng vi c (bao g m c chng trnh i u khi n) theo chu trnh l p. M i vng l p c g i l m t vng qut (scancycle). M i vng qut c b t u b ng vi c chuy n d li u t cc c ng vo s t i vng b m o I, ti p theo l giai o n th c hi n chng trnh. Trong t ng vng qut, chng trnh c th c hi n t l nh u tin n l nh k t thc c a kh i OB1. Sau giai o n th c hi n chng trnh l giai o n chuy n cc n i dung c a b m o Q t i cc c ng ra s . Vng qut c k t thc b ng giai o n x l cc yu c u truy n thng (n u c) v ki m tra tr ng thi c a CPU. M i vng qut c th m t nh sau:
Figure 1.3
Ch : B m I v Q khng lin quan t i cc c ng vo/ra tng t nn cc l nh truy nh p c ng tng t c th c hi n tr c ti p v i c ng v t l ch khng thng qua b m. Th i gian c n thi t cho PLC th c hi n c m t vng qut c g i l th i gian vng qut (Scan time). Th i gian vng qut khng c nh, t c l khng ph i vng qut no cng c th c hi n trong m t kho ng th i gian nh nhau. C vng qut c th c hi n lu, c vng qut c th c hi n nhanh tuthu c vo s l nh trong chng trnh c th c hi n, vo kh i l ng d li u truy n thng. Trong vng qut . Nh v y gi a vi c c d li u t i t ng x l, tnh ton v vi c g i tn hi u i u khi n n i t ng c m t kho ngth i gian tr ng b ng th i gian vng qut. Ni cch khc, th i gian vng qut quy t nh tnh th i gian th c c a chng trnh i u khi n trong PLC. Th i gian vng qut cng ng n, tnh th i gian th c c a chng trnh cng cao. N u s d ng cc kh i chng trnh c bi t c ch ng t, v d kh i OB40, OB80,... Chng trnh c a cc kh i s c th c hi n trong vng qut khi xu t hi n tn hi u bo ng t cng ch ng lo i. Cc kh i chng trnh ny c th th c hi n t i m i vng qut ch khng ph i b g p l ph i trong giai o n th c hi n chng trnh. Ch ng h n m t tn hi u bo ng t xu t hi n khi PLC ang giai o n truy n thng v ki m tra n i b , PLC s t m d ng cng vi c truy n thng, ki m tra, th c hi n ng t nh v y, th i gian vng qut s cng l n khi cng c nhi u tn hi u ng t xu t hi n trong vng qut. Do nng cao tnh th i gian th c cho chng trnh i u khi n, tuy t i khng nnvi t chng trnh x l ng t qu di ho c qu l m d ng vi c s d ng ch ng t trong chng trnh i u khi n. T i th i i m th c hi n l nh vo/ra, thng th ng l nh khng lm vi c tr c ti p v i c ng vo/ra m ch thng qua b nh m c a c ng trong vng nh tham s . Vi c truy n thng gi a b m o v i ngo i vi trong giai o n 1 v 3 do h i u hnh CPU qu n l. m t s modul CPU, khi g p l nh vo/ra ngay l p t c h th ng s cho d ng m i cng vi c khc, ngay c chng trnh x l ng t, th c hi n v i c ng vo/ra.
PLC
1.3.3 u nh c i m c a PLC trong cng nghi p

1.3.3.1 c i m h th ng i u khi n dng Rle - T n km r t nhi u dy d n . - Thay th r t ph c t p. - C n cng nhn s a ch a tay ngh cao. - Cng su t tiu th l n . - Th i gian s a ch a lu. - Kh c p nh t s nn gy kh khn cho cng tc b o tr cng nh thay th . Tm l i: nh ng h th ng relay c i u khi n ng ng t m t thi t b sau khi th c thi tc v theo m t kho ng th i gian xc nh, chng ta hay dng cc b Timer Controller, khi m cc s ki n, s n ph m,. . . chng ta dng cc b Counter Controller c th l b ng s c kh hay hi n th b ng Led 7 o n, LCD. . . cc gi tr ci t c thao tc trn cc b controller ny, nhng v n s b t u ph c t p d n khi trong h th ng c n nhi u b timer hay counter ring l nhng ph i ph i h p c h th ng trong m t tc v lin t c v khng c tnh l p l i, lc ny t i u khi n c a ta b t u qu t i v s l ng controller, dy n i i u khi n, cable ngu n b t u tng ln v khi h th ng c n s thay i cc tham s trong qu trnh i u khi n chng ta s t n r t nhi u cng s c l n l t thi t l p t ng b Timer hay Counter. Qu ph c t p. Chng ta cha tnh n kh nng lo ho cc thi t b , tnh chnh xc s t t km i theo th i gian, cha tnh n kh nng h h ng t c th i c a s l ng thi t b ny s ti u t n c a chng ta kh nhi u ti n chi cho vi c chu n on v thay th v chng ta cn cha tnh n s th i gian v ch khi ng ng h th ng khng v n hnh s n xu t c, c l cc s ki n nu trn hon ton ng v i cng th c: Xc su t c a s l n h ng hc s tng t l thu n v i t ng s cc thi t b c tham gia trong qu trnh i u khi n. 1.3.3.2 c i m h th ng i u khi n dng PLC S ra i c a h i u khi n PLC lm thay i h n h th ng i u khi n cng nh cc quan ni m thi t k v chng, h i u khi n dng PLC c nhi u u i m nh sau: - Gi m 80% s l ng dy n i. - Cng su t tiu th c a PLC r t th p . - C ch c nng t chu n on do gip cho cng tc s a ch a c nhanh chng v d dng. - Ch c nng i u khi n thay i d dng b ng thi t b l p trnh (my tnh, mn hnh) m khng c n thay i ph n c ng n u khng c yu c u thm b t cc thi t b vo, ra. - S l ng rle v timer t hn nhi u so v i h i u khi n c i n. - S l ng ti p i m trong chng trnh s d ng khng h n ch . - Th i gian hon thnh m t chu trnh i u khi n r t nhanh (vi ms) d n n tng cao t c s n xu t . - Chng trnh i u khi n c th in ra gi y ch trong vi pht gip thu n ti n cho v n b o tr v s a ch a h th ng. - L p trnh d dng, ngn ng l p trnh d h c. - G n nh , d dng b o qu n, s a ch a. - Dung l ng b nh l n c th ch a c nh ng chng trnh ph c t p. - Hon ton tin c y trong mi tr ng cng nghi p. - Giao ti p c v i cc thi t b thng minh khc nh: my tnh, n i m ng, cc Modul m r ng. - tin c y cao, kch th c nh . - Gi c c th c nh tranh c. c trng c a PLC l kh nng c th l p trnh c, ch s IP d i quy nh cho php PLC ho t ng trong mi tr ng kh c nghi t cng nghi p, y u t b n v ng thch nghi, tin c y, t l h h ng r t th p, thay th v hi u ch nh chng trnh d dng, kh nng nng c p cc thi t b ngo i vi hay m r ng s l ng u vo nh p v u ra xu t c p ng tu nghi trong kh nng trn c th xem l cc tiu ch u tin cho chng ta khi ngh n thi t k ph n i u khi n trung tm cho m t h th ng ho t ng t ng.
1.3.4
ng d ng c a PLC trong cng nghi p
T cc u i m nu trn, hi n nay PLC c ng d ng trong r t nhi u lnh v c khc nhau trong cng nghi p nh: - H th ng nng v n chuy n. - Dy chuy n ng gi. - Cc robot l p gip s n ph m . - i u khi n bm. - Dy chuy n x l ho h c. - Cng ngh s n xu t gi y . - Dy chuy n s n xu t thu tinh. - S n xu t xi mng. - Cng ngh ch bi n th c ph m. - Dy chuy n ch t o linh ki n bn d n. - Dy chuy n l p gip Tivi. - i u khi n h th ng n giao thng. - Qu n l t ng bi u xe. - H th ng bo ng. - Dy chuy n may cng nghi p. - i u khi n thang my. - Dy chuy n s n xu t xe t. - S n xu t vi m ch. - Ki m tra qu trnh s n xu t .
1.4 Phn lo i4
1.4.1 V hnh d ng
C hai ki u c c u thng d ng v i cc h th ng PLC l ki u h p n v ki u modul n i ghp. Ki u h p n th ng c s d ng cho cc thi t b i u khi n l p trnh c nh v c cung c p d i d ng nguyn chi c hon ch nh. Ki u modul ghp n i: g m nhi u modul ring cho b ngu n, CPU, c ng vo/ra.... c l p trn thanh ray. Ki u ny c th s d ng cho cc thi t b l p trnh m i kch c .
1.4.2 V s l ng cc u vo/ra
Cn c vo s l ng cc u vo/ ra, ta c th phn PLC thnh b n lo i sau: - Micro PLC l lo i c d i 32 knh vo/ ra - PLC nh c n 256 knh vo/ ra - PLC trung bnh c n 1024 knh vo/ ra - PLC c l n c trn 1024 knh vo/ra.
4 This
10
PLC
Figure 1.4
Cc micro PLC th ng c t hn 32 u vo/ra. Trn hnh 1.2 l v d v micro PLC h T100MD-1616 do hng Triangle Research International s n xu t. C u t o tng i n gi n v ton b cc b ph n c tch h p trn m t b ng m ch c kch th c nh g n. Micro PLC c c u t o g m t t c cc b ph n nh b x l tn hi u, b ngu n, cc knh vo/ra trong m t kh i. Cc Micro PLC c u i m hn cc PLC nh l gi thnh r , d l p t. M t lo i micro PLC khc l DL05 c a hng Koyo, lo i ny c 30 knh vo/ ra
Figure 1.5
M t lo i micro-PLC khc l lo i x ri 90 c a Fanuc. Lo i ny c 8 knh vo v 8 knh ra.
11
Figure 1.6
PLC lo i nh c th c n 256 u vo/ra. Trn hnh 1.5 l PLC c a hng OMRON lo i ZEN 10C. Lo i PLC ny c 34 knh vo/ ra g m: 6 knh vo v 4 knh ra trn m un CPU, cn l i 3 m un vo/ ra, v i 4 knh vo v 4 knh ra cho m i m un.
12
PLC
Figure 1.7
Hng Siemens c cc PLC lo i nh nh S5-90U, S5-95U, S5-100U (hnh 1.6), S7 200 l cc lo i PLC lo i nh , c s l ng knh vo/ ra nh hn 256. C u t o c a cc PLC lo i nh cng tng t nh c u t o c a cc PLC lo i trung bnh, v u l d ng m un. i m khc bi t l dung l ng b nh , s l ng knh vo/ ra c a cc m un khc nhau v l n v t c x l thng tin cng khc nhau. PLC c a Siemens c dng r ng ri trong h u h t cc n c c n n cng nghi p pht tri n.
13
Figure 1.8
Cc PLC trung bnh c th c d n 1024 u vo/ra. Lo i CJ1M c a Omron trn hnh 1.8 c 320 knh vo/ ra.
Figure 1.9
Lo i PLC CQM1 hay CQMIH c a Omron trn hnh c 512 knh vo ra
14
PLC
Figure 1.10
Hng Siemens c m t s x ri S7-200 l cclo i PLC h ng trung bnh. S l ng knh vo/ra c a S-300 c th trong kho ng t 256 n 1024. Cc PLC lo i l n c nhi u hn 1024 u vo/ra. Lo i ny c t c x l r t cao, dung l ng b nh l n v th ng c dng trong i u khi n cc h th ng thi t b cng ngh ph c t p. Hng Omron c PLC loai CJ1 trn hnh 1.10, l lo i c t i 1280 knh vo/ ra v lo i CJ1H c t i 2560 knh vo/ra.
Figure 1.11
15 Hng Omron cn c loai CS1 trn hnh, l lo i PLC c l n v i 5120 knh vo/ ra
Figure 1.12
Cc PLC lo i l n c a Siemens l cc lo i x ri S7-300, S7-400. Cc lo i ny c s l ng knh vo/ ra r t l n. Cc knh ny khng th u tr c ti p ln PLC m ph i thng qua cc b d n knh v tch knh ( demultiplexeur v multiplexeur). Trn hnh 1.12 l PLC S7400 c a Siemens. y l lo i PLC m nh nh t c a Siemens hi n nay. C u hnh c a PLC ny c bi u di n b ng hnh. Cc PLC trung bnh v l n c cc m un vo/ra c th l p rp v i nhau trn cng m t gi tiu chu n, cho php l p thm ho c tho b t ra m khng c n t t ngu n. Cc PLC c k t n i v i nhau thng qua m ng ETHERNET cng nghi p
16
PLC
Figure 1.13
17
Figure 1.14
18
PLC
Figure 1.15
Hnh 1.13a.C u trc c a S7-400
19
Figure 1.16
Hnh 1.14. S k t n i m ng c a S7-400 trong cng nghi p Cc PLC lo i l n th ng dng i u khi n m c cao. m c th p th ng l cc thi t b i u khi n tng t , hay thi t b i u khi n s v i cc PLC lo i nh , hay lo i trung bnh. m c th p, ch y u l cc thi t b i u khi n tr c ti p cc thi t b cng ngh , cc c c u ch p hnh, cc ng c, bm, van, cu n ht, n hi u vv. i u khi n m c cao bao g m cc i u khi n lin quan n ph n qu n l h th ng v qu n l d li u c a h th ng i u khi n. m c ny, cc d li u c th c thu th p t cc cc thi t b i u
20
PLC
khi n m c th p ho c t bn ngoi h th ng thng qua m ng n i b v m ng Internet. Cc d li u t cc PLC c truy n v cc my tnh trung tm lu tr v x l. Tr ng h p cc h th ng s n xu t t ng c i u khi n b ng th ng k, y chnh l i u khi n m c cao, tng ng v i c u trc qu n l c a h th ng. Ho t ng c a h th ng i u khi n c i u ch nh d a theo k t qu phn tch, nh gi t cc d li u th ng k, nh v y gip cho vi c s n xu t lun d ng t i u nh t v hi u qu nh t. PLC S7-400 c a Siemens l m t trong nh ng lo i PLC l n v r t m nh trong cc h th ng i u khi n s n xu t qui m nh cc nh my cng nghi p. Lo i PLC ny c th k t n i tr c ti p qua m ng Ethernet cng nghi p v i cc thi t b i u khi n m c cao hn trao i d li u ho c thng cc cc cc knh giao di n khc nh MPI , PROFIBUS, EIB hay giao di n AS thu th p d li u v i u khi n nh hnh 1.14.
1.4.3 V hng s n xu t v s n ph m
C nhi u hng s n xu t PLC. Chng ta ch n 4 hng tiu bi u g m: Mitsubishi, Omron, Siemens, Telemecanique. CP1L - Th h Micro PLC m i cho tng lai T i a 160 I/O, RS-232 / 485 / 422 - K t n i v i mun m r ng CPM1 - B nh 5/10Kstep, c memory unit ngoi - L p trnh c ng USB b ng CX-P V7.1 - Ch y m ph ng b ng CX-Simulator
Figure 1.17
CPM1A, CPM2A - Lo i Micro PLC thng d ng
21
Table 1.1
CP1H - Lo i Compact PLC cao c p (All-In-One)
Figure 1.18
22 PLC c v a CJ1M
PLC
Figure 1.19
Cch th hi n cc dng l nh v nguyn t c g i v th c thi chng trnh cng nh cc cng c dng g r i khi th o chng r t gi ng nhau c php v cch th hi n. Trn n n t ng ph h p cc ng d ng, tnh kinh t , tnh c nh tranh, cc nh s n xu t PLC gi i thi u kh nhi u dng s n ph m ph h p trong dy s n ph m c a mnh, cc s n ph m c ng d ng n gi n nh (Logo-Siemens, Alpha-Mitsubishi, Zen-Omron, Smart-Telemecanique). Chng ta s quan tm t i cc h PLC c i ch vo/ra trn d i 512 I/O (512 input/output) b nh chng trnh tng n 32KB ho c 64KB Step v cc thnh ph n ngo i vi k t n i thm c th i u khi n trong cc h th ng t ng v a v nh , n l , g n nh p ng h u h t cc yu c u i u khi n theo c a cc nh thi t k . Mitsubishi: (Software m t GX-Developer V8.0Up) h Fx-xx c a hng tun th quy c gn a ch mang tnh k th a v pht tri n trong tng lai (ch ni v cc a ch cho cc c ng vo/ra, v cc ng vo v ra ny s c n i tr c ti p v i cc thi t b ra l nh v ch p hnh bn ngoi). V d : dng Fx-xx c a ch ng vo InputDigital c gn theo nhm t ng byte, b t u l byte 0 tng ng chng ta c cc a ch : X000 n X007 (8 bit = 1 byte) hay cn g i l h c s 8. Nh v y, nhm byte th 2 ti p theo quy c gn a ch s b t u b ng X010 n X017 a ch ng ra c gn k hi u Y v b t u t Y000 n Y007 tun th tng t nh cch gn ng vo X Cc a ch c gn theo quy c trn ch bao g m trong dng s n ph m PLC c seri FX, cc dng sau t seri A, Q-A c nng c p ln nhm 2 byte nh v y a ch
23
Figure 1.20
c gn lc ny s b t u b ng X000 cho n X007, tun theo th t m c a h c s 16. . . Tr i qua hn 25 nm, t khi Mitsubishi Electric gi i thi u PLC g n u tin trn th tr ng chu Au. T Mitsubishi tr nn hng d n u th gi i trong khu v c ny, v i hn 6 tri u trong s nh ng s ci t b i u khi n. V i nh ng kch th c g n c a h v chi ph th p nh ng b i u khi n c m ra vi n c nh m i trong k thu t t ng cng nghi p. Nhi u ng d ng cho t ng ha . Lo t FX3U m by gi ang c gi i thi u l h PLCs g n v cng thnh cng c a Mitsubishi Electric th h th ba. Tnh tng thch - nh ph m vi b c p i n (ti p i n) r ng c a h nh ng b i u khi n FX c th c s d ng kh p th gi i. Tnh Ton c u - Nh ng b i u khi n MELSEC FX ph h p v i t t c cc tiu chu n cng nghi p qu c t chnh.
24
PLC
Figure 1.21
FX1N k t h p nh ng l i ch c a m t b i u khi n g n khng t v i nh ng kh nng m r ng linh ho t c a m t h i u khi n m un. N c th c m r ng cho t i 128 u vo v nh ng u ra v v i m t ph m vi ton di n c a nh ng m un ch c nng c bi t. FX1N cng lm n i b t m t b i u khi n nh v t ng h p m nh. Th truy n thng c a FX1N v nh ng kh nng n i d li u lm cho n tr nn l t ng cho nh ng ng d ng ni kch th c ph n c ng b i u khi n, nh ng c tnh truy n thng, nh ng ch c nng v t c x l c bi t l m i th ph bnh. Nh ng u i m c a lo t FX1N: - 14 t i 128 u vo v nh ng u ra - T c x l cao - Ample l p trnh dung l ng nh (nh ng b c 8,000) v nh ng ph m vi thi t b - H p nh t b i u khi n nh v - Ton di n ph m vi c a ch c nng v nh ng m un m r ng c bi t cho nh ng yu c u ring l - Tch h p b i u khi n PID - Cung c p k t n i m nh ng m ng - Tch h p ng h th i gian th c - Giao di n l p trnh thn thi n v i n v l p trnh b ph n m m ng d ng hay c m tay l p trnh trn n n Windows MS S x l tn hi u tng t v i nh ng b ti p h p m r ng ch n The FX2N t nh ng tiu chu n trong khu v c k thu t t ng cng nghi p v l m t trong nh ng b i u khi n tiu th - l n nh t worldwide. N c nhi u c tnh bnh th ng c tm th y trong nh ng b i u khi n l n hn Ch d n FX2N lgc l m t trong nh ng h th ng PLC g n nhanh nh t s n c. N c nh ng kh nng truy n thng v m t ph m vi r ng c a s m r ng r ng l n v nh ng m un ch c nng c bi t s n c cho c u hnh c a nh ng h th ng chnh xc.
25
Figure 1.22
Hng Siemens ( c)
Figure 1.23
PAC S n ph m tch h p gi a PLC v WinCC l p trnh i u khi n v m ph ng h th ng i u khi n t ng
26
PLC
Figure 1.24
Figure 1.25
1.5 C u trc ph n c ng PLC S7-300

1.5.1 H th ng Module5
PLC S7-300 c u trc d ng module g m cc thnh ph n sau:
5 This
27 CPU cc lo i khc nhau: 312IFM, 312C, 313, 313C, 314, 314IFM, 314C, 315, 315-2 DP, 316-2 DP, 318-2, Module tn hi u SM xu t nh p tn hi u tng ng /s : SM321, SM322, SM323, SM331, SM332,SM334, SM338, SM374 Module ch c nng FM Module truy n thng CP Module ngu n PS307 c p ngu n 24VDC cho cc module khc, dng 2A, 5A, 10A Module ghp n i IM: IM360, IM361, IM365 Cc module c g n trn thanh ry nh hnh d i, t i a 8 module SM/FM/CP bn ph i CPU, t o thnh m t rack, k t n i v i nhau qua bus connector g n m t sau c a module . M i module c gn m t s slot tnh t tri sang ph i, module ngu n l slot 1, module CPU slot 2, module k mang s 4. . .
Figure 1.26
N u c nhi u module th b tr thnh nhi u rack (tr CPU312IFM v CPU313 ch c m t rack), CPU rack 0, slot 2, k l module pht IM360, slot 3, c nhi m v k t n i rack 0 v i cc rack 1, 2, 3, trn m i rack ny c module k t n i thu IM361, bn ph i m i module IM l cc module SM/FM/CP. Cp n i hai module IM di t i a 10m. Cc module c nh s theo slot v dng lm c s t a ch u cho cc module ng vo ra tn hi u. i v i CPU 315-2DP, 316-2DP, 318-2 c th gn a ch ty cho cc module.
28
PLC
Figure 1.27
M i a ch tng ng v i m t byte. V i cc module s a ch m t ng vo hay ra l x.y, x l a ch byte, y c gi tr t 0 n 7. V d module SM321 DI 32 c 32 ng vo g n k CPU slot 4 c a ch l I0.y, I1.y, I2.y, I3.y, I l k hi u ch ng vo s . Module analog c a ch theo word, v d module SM332 AO4 c 4 ng ra analog g n slot 5 rack 1 c a ch PQW400, PQW402, PQW404, PQW406, ng ra s c k hi u l Q cn ng vo analog k hi u l PIW. Cc CPU 312IFM, 314 IFM, 31xC c tch h p s n m t s module m r ng CPU 312IFM, 312C: 10 ng vo s a ch I124.0 . . .I124.7, I125.1; 6 ng ra s Q124.0. . .Q124.5. CPU 313C: 24 DI I124.0..126.7, 16DO Q124.0..125.7, 5 ng vo tng ng AI a ch 752..761, hai ng ra AO 752..755 CPU 314IFM: 20 ng vo s I124.0 . . . I126.3; 16 ng ra s Q124.0 . . .Q125.7; 4 ng vo tng ng PIW128, PIW130, PIW132, PIW134; m t ng ra tng ng PQW128.
1.5.1.1 Module CPU Cc module CPU khc nhau theo hnh d ng ch c nng, v n t c x l l nh. Lo i 312IFM, 314IFM khng c th nh . Lo i 312IFM, 313 khng c pin nui. Lo i 315-2DP, 316-2DP, 318-2 c c ng truy n thng DP. Cc n bo c ngha sau: - SF ... ( ) ... l i ph n c ng hay m m, - BATF ... ( ) ... l i ngu n nui, - DC5V ... (l cy) ... ngu n 5V bnh th ng, - FRCE ... (vng ) ... force request tch c c - RUN ... (l cy) ... CPU mode RUN ; LED ch p lc start-up w. 1 Hz; mode HALT w. 0.5 Hz - STOP mode ... (vng) ... CPU mode STOP hay HALT hay start-up; LED ch p khi memory reset request - BUSF ... ( ) ... l i ph n c ng hay ph n m m giao di n PROFIBUS Kha mode c 4 v tr: - RUN-P ch l p trnh v ch y - RUN ch ch y chng trnh - STOP ng ng ch y chng trnh
29 - MRES reset b nh Th nh c th c dung l ng t 16KB n 4MB, ch a chng trnh t PLC chuy n qua v chuy n chng trnh ng c tr l i cho CPU. Pin nui gip nui chng trnh v d li u khi b m t ngu n (t i a 1 nm), ngoi ra cn nui ng h th i gian th c. V i lo i CPU khng c pin nui thi cng c m t ph n vng nh c duy tr. Thng qua c ng truy n thng MPI (MultiPoint Interface) c th n i : my tnh l p trnh, mn hnh OP (Operator panel) , cc PLC c c ng MPI (S7-300, M7-300, S7-400, M7-400, C7-6xx), S7-200, v n t c truy n n 187.5kbps (12Mbps v i CPU 318-2, 10.2 kbps v i S7-200) . C ng Profibus DP n i cc thi t b trn theo m ng Profibus v i v n t c truy n ln n 12Mbps.
Figure 1.28
* Cc vng nh c a PLC Vng nh chng trnh (load memory) ch a chng trnh ng i dng (khng ch a a ch k hi u v ch thch) c th l RAM hay EEPROM trong CPU hay trn trn th nh . Vng nh lm vi c (working memory) l RAM, ch a chng trnh do vng nh chng trnh chuy n qua; ch cc ph n chng trnh c n thi t m i c chuy n qua, ph n no khng c n l i vng nh chng trnh , v d block header, data block Vng nh h th ng (system memory) ph c v cho chng trnh ng i dng, bao g m timer , counter,
30
PLC
vng nh d li u M, b nh m xu t nh p. . . Trn CPU 312IFM v 314 IFM vng nh chng trnh l RAM v EEPROM; cc CPU khc c pin nui, vng nh chng trnh l RAM v th nh . Khi m t ngu n hay ch MRES ( reset b nh ) RAM s b xa. M t s vng nh c a RAM ( timer, counter, vng nh M, kh i d li u..) c th khai bo l lu gi (retentive) b ng ph n m m S7 chuy n cc vng ny sang b nh lu gi (NVRAM non volative ) d khng c pin nui, kch th c c th ty lo i CPU. B ng sau cho m t s thng s chnh c a cc CPU
31
Figure 1.29
32 1.5.1.2 Module ngu n nui (PS)
PLC
Figure 1.30
Module ngu n nui. C 3 lo i:2A, 5A, 10A. 1.5.1.3 Module m r ng c ng tn hi u vo/ra (SM) Module vo s c cc lo i sau: SM SM SM SM SM 321; 321; 321; 321; 321; DI DI DI DI DI 32 _ 24 VDC 16 _ 24 VDC 16 _ 120 VAC, 4*4 nhm 8 _ 120/230 VAC, 2*4 nhm 32 _ 120 VAC 8*4 nhm
Module ra s : SM 322; DO 32 _ 24 VDC/0.5 A, 8*4 nhm SM 322; DO 16 _ 24 VDC/0.5 A, 8*2 nhm
33 SM SM SM SM SM SM SM 322; 322; 322; 322; 322; 322; 322; DO DO DO DO DO DO DO 8 _ 24 VDC/2 A, 4*2 nhm 16 _ 120 VAC/1 A, 8*2 nhm 8 _ 120/230 VAC/2 A, 4*2 nhm 32_ 120 VAC/1.0 A, 8*4 nhm 16 _ 120 VAC ReLay, 8*2 nhm 8 _ 230 VAC Relay, 4*2 nhm 8 _ 230 VAC/5A Relay,1*8 nhm
1.5.1.4 Module vo/ ra SM 323; DI 16/DO 16 _ 24 VDC/0.5 A SM 323; DI 8/DO 8 _ 24 VDC/0.5 A
1.5.1.5 Module Analog in Module analog in c nhi u ng vo, dng o i n p, dng i n, i n tr ba dy, b n dy, nhi t . C nhi u t m o, phn gi i, th i gian chuy n i khc nhau. Ci t thng s ho t ng cho module b ng ph n m m S7- Simatic 300 Station Hardware v/ho c chng trnh ng i dng s d ng hm SFC 55, 56, 57 ph h p (xem m c ) v/ho c ci t nh modulle t m o (measuring range module) g n trn module SM. K t qu chuy n i l s nh phn ph hai v i bit MSB l bit d u.
Figure 1.31
SM331 AI 2*12 : module chuy n i hai knh vi sai p ho c dng, ho c m t knh i n tr 2/3/4 dy, dng phng php tch phn, th i gian chuy n i t 5ms n 100ms, phn gi i 9, 12, 14 bit + d u, cc t m o nh sau: 80 mV; 250 mV; 500 mV; 1000 mV; 2.5 V; 5 V;1 .. 5 V; 10 V; 3.2 mA; 10 mA; 20 mA; 0 .. 20 mA; 4 ..20 mA. i n tr 150 [U+F057]; 300 [U+F057]; 600 [U+F057]; o nhi y dng c p nhi t E, N, J, K, L, nhi t k i n tr Pt 100, Ni 100. Cc thng s m c nh c ci s n
34
PLC
trn module, k t h p v i t v tr c a module t m o (b n v tr A, B, C, D) n u khng c n thay i th c th s d ng ngay
Figure 1.32
Figure 1.33
35
Figure 1.34
Figure 1.35
SM331, AI 8*12bit , 8 knh vi sai chia lm hai nhm, phn gi i 9 (12, 14 ) bit + d u SM331, AI 8*16bit , 8 knh vi sai chia lm 2 nhm , phn gi i 15 bit + d u Module Analog Out:
36
CHNG 1. CHNG 1: T NG QUAN V Cung c p p hay dng ph thu c s nh phn ph hai - SM332 AO 4*12 bit: 4 ng ra dng hay p phn gi i 12 bit, th i gian chuy n i 0.8 ms . - SM332 AO 2*12 bit - SM332 AO 4*16 bit Module Analog In/Out - SM 334; AI 4/AO 2 * 8 Bit - SM334; AI 4/AO 2* 12 Bit
PLC
Figure 1.36
37 1.5.1.6 Module ghp n i (IM) Module IM360 g n rack 0 k CPU dng ghp n i v i module IM361 t cc rack 1, 2, 3 gip k t n i cc module m r ng v i CPU khi s module l n hn 8. Cp n i gi a hai rack l lo i 368. Trong tr ng h p ch c hai rack, ta dng lo i IM365.
Figure 1.37
1.5.1.7 Module c ch c nng i u khi n ring (FM) FM350-1 : m xung m t knh FM350-2 : m xung tm knh FM351, 353, 354, 357-2 : i u khi n nh v FM352: b i u khi n cam i n t FM355: b i u khi n h kn
1.5.1.8 Module ph c v
truy n thng (CM)
Module ph c v truy n thng trong m ng gi a cc PLC v i nhau ho c gi a PLC v i my tnh
38

6
PLC
1.5.2 C u trc b nh
1.5.2.1 Ki u d li u
Figure 1.38
6 This
39
Figure 1.39
1.5.2.2 Vng nh d
li u, i t ng v cch truy c p
PLC th ng yu c u b nh trong cc tr ng h p: Lm b nh th i cho cc knh tr ng thi I/O. Lm b m tr ng thi cc ch c nng trong PLC nh nh th i, m, ghi cc Relay. M i l nh c a chng trnh c m t v tr ring trong b nh , t t c m i v tr trong b nh u c nh s , nh ng s ny chnh l a ch trong b nh . a ch c a t ng nh s c tr n b i m t b m a ch bn trong b vi x l. B vi x l s gi tr trong b m ny ln m t tr c khi x l l nh ti p theo. V i m t a ch m i, n i dung c a nh tng ng s xu t hi n u ra, qu trnh ny c g i l qu trnh c. B nh bn trong PLC c t o b i cc vi m ch bn d n, m i vi m ch ny c kh nng ch a 2000 16000 dng l nh , ty theo lo i vi m ch. Trong PLC cc b nh nh RAM, EPROM u c s d ng. + RAM (Random Access Memory) c th n p chng trnh, thay i hay xa b n i dung b t k lc no. N i dung c a RAM s b m t n u ngu n i n nui b m t. trnh tnh tr ng ny cc PLC u c trang b m t pin kh, c kh nng cung c p nng l ng d tr cho RAM t vi thng n vi nm. Trong th c t RAM c dng kh i t o v ki m tra chng trnh. Khuynh h ng hi n nay dng CMOS RAM nh kh nng tiu th th p v tu i th l n. + EPROM (Electrically Programmable Read Only Memory) l b nh m ng i s d ng bnh th ng ch c th c ch khng ghi n i dung vo c. N i dung c a EPROM khng b m t khi m t ngu n, n c g n s n trong my, c nh s n xu t n p v ch a h i u hnh s n. N u ng i s d ng khng mu n m r ng b nh th ch dng thm EPROM g n bn trong PLC. Trn PG (Programer) c s n ch ghi v xa EPROM. + EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) lin k t v i nh ng truy xu t linh ng c a RAM v c tnh n nh. N i dung c a n c th c xa v l p trnh b ng i n, tuy nhin s l n l c gi i h n. Mi tr ng ghi d li u th t l a c ng ho c a m m, c s d ng trong my l p trnh. a c ng ho c a m m c dung l ng l n nn th ng c dng lu nh ng chng trnh l n trong m t th i gian di.
40
PLC
* Kch th c b nh : - Cc PLC lo i nh c th ch a t 300 -1000 dng l nh ty vo cng ngh ch t o. - Cc PLC lo i l n c kch th c t 1K - 16K, c kh nng ch a t 2000 -16000 dng l nh. Ngoi ra cn cho php g n thm b nh m r ng nh RAM, EPROM. 1.5.2.2.1 C u trc b nh : B nh g m 48KB RAM, 48KB ROM, khng c kh nng m r ng v t c x l g n 0.3ms trn 1000 l nh nh phn, b nh c chia trn cc vng: + Vng ch a chng trnh ng d ng: - OBx (Organisation block): Mi n ch a chng trnh t ch c, trong : - Kh i OB1: Kh i t ch c chnh, m c nh, th c thi l p vng. N c b t u khi qu trnh kh i ng hon thnh v b t u tr l i khi n k t thc. - Kh i OB10 (Time of day interrupt): c th c hi n khi c tn hi u ng t th i gian. - Kh i OB20 (Time delay interrupt): c th c hi n sau 1 kho ng th i gian t tr c. - Kh i OB35 (Cyclic Interrupt): kh i ng t theo chu k nh tr c - Kh i OB40 (Hardware Interrupt): c th c hi n khi tn hi u ng t c ng xu t hi n ng vo I124.0 I124.3 - FC (Function): Mi n ch a chng trnh con c t ch c thnh hm c bi n hnh th c trao i d li u v i chng trnh g i n, c phn bi t b i cc s nguyn. V d : FC1, FC7, FC30ngoi ra cn c cc hm SFC l cc hm c tch h p s n trong h i u hnh. - FB (Function Block): tng t nh FC, FB cn ph i xy d ng 1kh i d li u ring g i l DB (Data Block) v cng c cc hm SFB l cc hm tch h p s n trong h i u hnh. + Vng ch a cc tham s h i u hnh v chng trnh ng d ng: - I (Process image input): Mi n b m d li u cc ng vo s . Tr c khi b t u th c hi n chng trnh, PLC s c t t c gi tr logic c a cc c ng vo r i c t gi chng trong vng I. khi th c hi n chng trnh CPU s s d ng cc gi tr trong vng I m khng c tr c ti p t ng vo s . - Q (Process image output): tng t vng I, mi n Q l b m d li u c ng ra s . Khi k t thc chng trnh, PLC s chuy n gi tr logic c a b m Q t i cc c ng ra s . - M (Memory): Mi n cc bi n c . Do vng nh ny khng m t sau m i chu k qut nn chng trng ng d ng s s d ng vng nh ny lu gi cc tham s c n thi t. C th truy nh p n theo bit (M), byte (MB), theo t (MW) hay t kp (MD). - T (Timer): Mi n nh ph c v b th i gian bao g m vi c lu tr cc gi tr t tr c (PV-Preset Value), cc gi tr t c th i (CV-Current Value) cng nh cc gi tr logic u ra c a Timer. - C (Counter): Mi n nh ph c v b m bao g m vi c lu gi cc gi tr t tr c (PV-Preset Value), cc gi tr t c th i (CV-Current Value) cng nh cc gi tr logic u ra c a Counter. - PI: Mi n a ch c ng vo c a cc module tng t (I/O External input). Cc gi tr tng t t i c ng vo c a module tng t s c module c v chuy n t ng theo nh ng a ch . Chng trnh ng d ng c th truy c p mi n nh PI theo t ng byte (PIB), t ng t (PIW) ho c theo t ng t kp (PID). - PQ: Mi n a ch c ng ra c a cc module tng t (I/O External output). Cc gi tr tng t t i c ng vo c a module tng t s c module c v chuy n t ng theo nh ng a ch . Chng trnh ng d ng c th truy c p mi n nh PI theo t ng byte (PQB), t ng t (PQW) ho c theo t ng t kp (PQD). + Vng ch a cc kh i d li u, c chia thnh 2 lo i: DB (Data block): Mi n ch a cc d li u c t chc thnh kh i. Kch th c hay s l ng kh i do ng i s d ng qui nh. C th truy nh p mi n ny theo t ng bit (DBX), byte( DBB), t ng t (DBW), t kp (DBD). L (Local data block): Mi n d li u a phng, c cc kh i chng trnh OB, FC, FB t ch c v s d ngcho cc bi n nhp t c th i v trao i d li u c a bi n hnh th c v i nh ng kh i g i n. Ton b vng nh s b xo sau khi kh i th c hi n xong. C th truy nh p theo t ng bit (L), byte (LB), t LW), ho c t kp (LD).
41 Kch th c cc vng nh ty thu c vo t ng lo i PLC
Figure 1.40
1.5.2.2.2 Phng php truy c p vng nh : a ch nh trong PLC S7-300 bao g m hai thnh ph n: ph n ch v ph n s .
42 V d :
PLC
Figure 1.41
Truy nh p theo byte: Bao g m cc ki u Byte (1 byte), Word (2 byte), Double word (4 byte) Quy cch: Tn vng nh , kch th c, a ch byte u tin 1.5.2.2.2.1 Vng nh cc u vo I: - T i th i i m u tin m i vng qut PLC l y tn hi u t cc u vo v ghi cc gi tr tng ng vo vng nh u vo. - Truy nh p: Ki u: Bit I[ a ch byte].[ a ch bit] I0.1 Byte, word, Double word I[kch th c][ a ch byte u tin] V d : IB4, IW1, ID2 1.5.2.2.2.2 Vng nh cc u ra Q: - Trong qu trnh th c hi n cc cng vi c trong m t vng qut (bao g m c chng trnh i u khi n), PLC s ghi cc gi tr tng ng c a cc vo vng nh ny, cu i vng qut PLC s g i cc gi tr ny n cc u ra tng ng. - Truy nh p: Ki u: Bit Q[ a ch byte].[ a ch bit] Q0.0 Byte, word, Double word Q[kch th c][ a ch byte u tin] V d : QB2, QW1, QD4 1.5.2.2.2.3 Vng nh M: - Cc nh thu c vng nh (M) dng lu tr tr ng thi c a qu trnh ho t ng ho c cc thng tin i u khi n khc. - Truy nh p:Ki u: Bit M[ a ch byte].[ a ch bit] M10.1 Byte, Word, Double word M[kch th c][ a ch byte u tin] V d : MB20, MW8, MD6 1.5.2.2.2.4 Vng nh th i gian T - M i b th i gian c hai gi tr c lu tr trong vng nh T: Gi tr m th i gian hi n t i (16 bit), v gi tr bit timer (1 bit). - Truy nh p: T [s th t b timer] T3
43 1.5.2.2.2.5 Vng nh b m C: - M i b m c hai gi tr c lu tr trong vng nh C: Gi tr m hi n t i (ki u BDC, 12 bit), v gi tr bit counter (1 bit). - Truy nh p: C [s th t b timer] C1 1.5.2.2.2.6 Vng nh cc u vo, u ra Analog AI, AQ: - PLC chuy n i m t gi tr i n p (ho c dng i n) thnh m t s nh phn (12 bit) lu tr trong vng nh analog (ho c ng c l i). - Cch truy nh p v i tn hi u vo: PI[kch th c][ a ch byte u tin] V d : Truy nh p: Ki u: Byte, Word, Double word PIB20, PIW8, PID6 - Cch truy nh p v i tn hi u ra: PQ[kch th c][ a ch byte u tin] V d : Truy nh p: Ki u: Byte, Word, Double word PQB20, PQW8, PQD6 1.5.2.2.2.7 Vng nh c a cc kh i d li u DB:
- M kh i d li u DB ho c DI b ng l nh OPN V d : OPN DB 1 // M kh i d li u DB (Open data Block) Ho c OPN DI 1 // M kh i d li u DI (Open instance data Block) - M m t bt trong kh i d li u DBX V d : A DB3.DB 0.5 // m bit s 5 c a byte 0 trong kh i d li u DB3 - M m t Byte, m t WORD ho c m t m t DW trong kh i d li u DBx V d : L DB3. DBB2 // ch t i Byte 2 trong kh i d li u DB3 L DB3. DBW2 // ch t i WORD 2 trong kh i d li u DB3 L DB. DBD2 // ch t i DWORD 2 trong kh i d li u DB3 1.5.2.2.2.8 Vng nh trong cc kh i chng trnh OB, FBx v FCx - Ch 1 bit V d : A L0.2// ch bt s 2 c a Byte 0 trong mi n d li u a phng - Ch m t Byte, Word ho c DW V d : L LB0 // ch byte 0 trong mi n d li u a phng L LW0 // ch Word 0 trong mi n d li u a phng L LD0 // ch DWord 0 trong mi n d li u a phng
44
PLC
Chng 2
Chng 2 : Ngn ng l p trnh v ng d ng

2.1 Gi i thi u cc ngn ng l p trnh1
L p trnh cho S7 v cc PLC khc c a hng Siemens d a trn 3 phng php c b n: - Phng php hnh thang (Ladder logic - LAD). - Phng php kh i hm (Function Block Diagram - FBD). - Phng php li t k cu l nh (Statement List - STL). Chng ny s gi i thi u cc thnh ph n c b n c a ba phng php v cch s d ng chng trong l p trnh. N u chng trnh c vi t theo ngn ng LAD (ho c FBD) th c th chy n sang ngn ng STL hay FBD (ho c LAD) tng ng. Nhng khng ph i b t c chng trnh vi t theo STL no cng chuy n sang ngn ng LAD hay FBD c. B t p lnh STL c trnh by trong gio n ny u c m t ch c nng nh cc ti p i m, cu n dy, cc h p (trong LAD) hay IC s trong FBD. Nh ng l nh ny ph i ph i h p c tr ng thi cc ti p i m quy t nh v gi tr tr ng thi u ra ho c gi tr logic cho php ho c khng cho php th c ch c nng c a m t (hay nhi u) cu n dy ho c h p. Trong l p trnh lgic th ng hay s d ng hai ngn ng LAD v STL v n g n gi hn i v i chuyn ngnh i n. Sau y l nh ng nh ngha c n ph i n m khi b t tay vo thi t k m t chng trnh:
2.1.1 Ngn ng b ng l nh (STL)

Ngn ng li t k l nh, k hi u l STL (Statement List). y l ngn ng l p trnh thng th ng c a my tnh. M t chng trnh c ghp b i nhi u l nh theo m t thu t ton nh t nh, m i l nh chi m m t hng v u c c u trc chung l: "tn l nh" + "ton h ng". M t s l nh c bi t th c th ch c tn l nh m khng c n ton h ng. V d :
1 This
45
46
CHNG 2. CHNG 2 : NGN NG
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
Figure 2.1
2.1.2 Ngn ng s thang (LAD)

Ngn ng hnh thang, k hi u l LAD (Ladder Logic) V i lo i ngn ng ny r t thch h p v i ng i quen thi t k m ch i u khi n logic. Chng trnh c vi t d i d ng lin k t gi a cc cng t c: V d :
47
Figure 2.2
2.2 Chu trnh lm vi c, l p trnh v c u trc chng trnh2

2.2.1 Cc phng php l p trnh
2.2.1.1 L p trnh tuy n tnh Ph n b nh c a CPU dnh cho chng trnh ng d ng c tn g i l logic Block. Nh v y logic block l tn chung g i t t c cc kh i bao g m nh ng kh i chng trnh t ch c OB, kh i chng trnh FC, kh i hm FB. Trong cc lo i kh i chng trnh th ch c kh i duy nh t kh i OB1 c th c hi n tr c ti p theo vng qut. N c h i u hnh g i theo chu k l p v i kh ng th i gian khng cch u nhau m ph thu c vo di c a chng trnh. Cc lo i kh i chng trnh khc khng tham gia vo vng qut. V i t ch c chng trnh nh v y th ph n chng trnh trong kh i OB1 c y i u ki n c a m t chng trnh i u khi n th i gian th c v ton b chng trnh ng d ng c th ch c n vi t trong OB1 l nh hnh v sau. Cch t ch c chng trnh v i ch m t kh i OB1 duy nh t nh v y c g i l l p trnh tuy n tnh.
2 This
48
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
Figure 2.3
Kh i OB1 c h th ng g i xoay vng lin t c theo vng qut. Cc kh i OB khc khng tham gia vo vng qut c g i b ng nh ng tn hi u bo ng t. S7-300 c nhi u tn hi u bo ng t nh tn hi u bo ng t khi c s c ngu n nui, c s c ch p m ch cc modul m r ng, tn hi u bo ng t theo chu k th i gian, v m i lo i tn hi u bo ng t nh v y cng ch c kh nng g i m t kh i OB nh t nh. V d tn hi u bo ng t s c ngu n nui ch g i kh i OB81, tn hi u bo ng t truy n thng ch g i kh i OB87. M i khi xu t hi n tn hi u bo ng t h th ng s d ng cng vi c ang th c hi n l i, ch ng h n nh t m d ng vi c th c hi n chng trnh trong OB1, v chuy n sang th c hi n chng trnh x l ng t tong cc kh i OB tng ng. V d khi ang th c hi n chng trnh trong kh i OB1 m xu t hi n ng t bo s c truy n thng, h th ng s t m d ng vi c th c hi n chng trnh trong OB1 l i g i chng trnh trong kh i truy n thng OB87. Ch sau khi th c hi n xong chng trnh trong kh i OB87 th h th ng m i quay tr v th c hi n ti p t c ph n chng trnh cn l i trong OB1. 2.2.1.2 L p trnh c u trc V i ki u l p trnh c c u trc th khc v ton b chng trnh i u khi n c chia nh thnh cc kh i FC v FB mang m t nhi m v c th ring v c qu n l chung b i nh ng kh i OB. Ki u l p trnh ny r t ph h p cho nh ng bi ton ph c t p, nhi u nhi m v v l i r t thu n l i cho vi c s a ch a sau ny.
49
Figure 2.4
Kh i OB (Organization Block): Kh i t ch c v qu n l chng trnh i u khi n. C nhi u lo i kh i OB v i nh ng ch c nng khc nhau ,chng c phn bi t v i nhau b ng m t s nguyn i sau nhm k t OB. V d : OB10, OB85, ... Kh i FC (Program Block): Kh i chng trnh v i nh ng ch c nng ring gi ng nh 1 chng trnh con ho c m t hm ( chng trnh con c bi n hnh th c). M t chng trnh ng d ng c th c nhi u kh i FC v cc kh i FC ny c phn bi t v i nhau b ng m t s nguyn sau nhm k t FC. V d : FC1,FC2. . .. Kh i FB (Function Block): L lo i kh i FC c bi t c kh nng trao i 1 l ng d li u l n v i cc kh i chng trnh khc .Cc d li u ny phh i c t ch c thnh kh i d li u ring c tn g i l Data block.M t chng trnh ng d ng c th c nhi u kh i FB v cc kh i Fb ny c phn bi t v i nhau b ng m t s nguyn sau nhm k t FB. Ch ng h n nh FB1,FB2. . . Kh i DB (Data Block): Kh i ch a cc d li u c n thi t th c hi n chng trnh. Cc tham s c a kh i do ng i dng t t .M t chng trnh ng d ng c th c nhi u kh i DB v cc kh i DB ny c phn bi t v i nhau b ng m t s nguyn sau nhm k t DB. V d : DB1,DB2,... Chng trnh trong cc kh i c lin k t v i nhau b ng cc l nh g i kh i, chuy n kh i. Xem nh ng ph n chng trnh trong cc kh i nh l cc chng trnh con th S7_300 cho php g i chng trnh con l ng nhau ,t c l chng trnh con ny g i m t chng trnh con khc v t m t chng trnh con c g i l i g i t i m t chng trnh con th 3,. . . S cc l nh g i l ng nhau ph thu c vo t ng ch ng lo i module CPU m ta ang s d ng. V d i v i module CPU 314 th s l nh g i l ng nhau nhi u nh t c th cho php l 8.N u s l n g i kh i l ng nhau m v t qu con s gi i h n cho php ,PLC s t chuy n qua ch Stop v t c bo l i.
50 2.2.1.3 Cc kh i OB c bi t
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
Trong khi kh i OB c th c hi n u n t ng vng qut trong giai o n th c hi n chng trnh th cc kh i OB khc ch c th c hi n khi xu t hi n tn hi u bo ng t tng ng ,ni cch khc chng trnh vi t cho cc kh i OB ny chnh l chng trnh x l tn hi u ng t (event).Chng bao g m: OB10 ( Time of Day Interrupt):Chng trnh trong kh i s c th c hi n khi gi tr c a ng h th i gian th c n m trong m t kho ng th i gian c quy nh. OB10 c th g i m t l n ,nhi u l n cch u nhau t ng pht, t ng gi,t ng ngy . . ..Vi c quy nh kho ng th i gian hay s l n g i OB10 c th c hi n nh chng trnh h th ng SFC28 ho c trong b ng tham s c a module CPU nh ph n m m Step 7. OB20 ( Time Day Interrupt): Chng trnh trong kh i s c th c hi n sau m t kho ng th i gian tr t tr c k t khi g i chng trnh h th ng SFC32 t th i gian tr . OB35 (Cyclic Interrupt): Chng trnh trong OB35 s c th c hi n cch u nhau 1 kho ng th i gian c nh.M c nh kho ng th i gian ny s l 100ms,xong ta c th thay i n trong b ng tham s c a module CPU ,nh ph n m m Step7. OB40 (Hardware Interrupt) : Chng trnh trong OB s c th c hi n khi xu t hi n 1 tn hi u bo ng t t ngo i vi a vo module CPU thng qua cc c ng vo ra s onboard c bi t,ho c thng qua cc module SM,CP,FM OB80 (Cycle Time Fault): Chng trnh trong kh i OB80 s c th c hi n khi th i gian vng qut(Scan time) v t qu kho ng th i gian c c i c quy nh ho c khi c m t tn hi u ng t g i m t kh i OB no m kh i OB ny cha k t thc l n g i tr c.M c nh th i gian Scan time c c i l 150ms ,nhng c th thay i n thng qua b ng tham s c a module CPU nh ph n m m Step 7. OB81 (Power Supply fault): CPU s g i chng trnh trong kh i OB81 khi pht hi n th y c l i v ngu n nui. OB82( Diagnostic Interrupt):Chng trnh trong OB82 c g i khi CPU pht hi n s c t cc Modul vo ra OB85( Not Load fault):Chng trnh trong OB82 c g i khi CPU pht hi n th y chng trnh ng d ng c s d ng ch ng t nhng chng trnh s l tn hi u ng t l i khng c trong kh i OB tng ng. OB87 ( Communication fault):Kh i OB87 s c g i khi CPU pht hi n th y l i trong truy n thng v d nh khng c tn hi u tr l i t cc i tc. OB100 ( Start Up Information):Kh i OB100 s c th c hi n 1 l n khi CPU chuy n tr ng thi Stop sang Run. OB121 ( Synchronous error):Kh i OB121 s c g i khi CPU pht hi n th y l i logic trong chng trnh nh i sai ki u d li u ho c l i truy nh p kh i DB ,FC,FB khng c trong b nh CPU. OB122 ( Synchronous error):Kh i OB122 s c g i khi CPU pht hi n th y l i truy c p module trong chng trnh,v d chng trnh c l nh truy nh p module vo ra m r ng nhng l i khng tm th y module ny. SFB: System Function block SFC: System function SDB: System Data Block Ch : FB lun s d ng chung v i DB
2.2.2 Chu trnh lm vi c

PLC th c hi n chng trnh theo m t chu trnh kn c l vng l p hay cn g i l vng qut c b t u b ng vi c s li u ny n vng nh m u vo/ra, ti p theo l b nh th c hi n cc php tnh logic, cc php tnh s h c p l i lin t c cho n khi no c l nh d ng. M i qut cc s li u t cc knh vo/ra, chuy n cc c th c hi n cc l nh ti p theo c a chng trnh xc nh cc tc ng i u khi n, b c k ti p
51 l chuy n d li u t b nh m u ra n cc knh ra. Khi c m t l nh d ng no xu t hi n th PLC s d ng cc ho t ng x l thng tin v truy n tin ki m tra kh i chng trnh tng ng v i l nh ng t.
Figure 2.5
Vng qut cng t l nh d ng th th c hi n cng nhanh. N u chng trnh ho t ng bnh th ng th chu k c a m i vng qut c di nh nhau. T c qut cng cao th c th cho php nh p c nhi u s li u g n nh ng th i trong th i gian qut, v nh v y kh nng i u khi n c ng th i nhi u i l ng l hon ton c th th c hi n c. Kh nng x l tn hi u trong m t chu trnh i u khi n khng c hi n t ng tr cn c g i l i u khi n trong th i gian th c. Cc PLC v cc PC ngy nay c t c x l r t cao nn ch t l ng c a cc h th ng i u khi n s khng km ch t l ng c a cc h th ng i u khi n tng t . Chu k qut c a PLC th ng vo kho ng t 1 n 25 mi li giy. Th i gian qut u vo v u ra tng i ng n so v i chu k qut c a PLC. Ph n l n th i gian dng cho vi c tnh ton cc hm i u khi n. Thng th ng chng trnh c n p vo PLC b i b l p trnh c m tay, thi t b l p trnh chuyn d ng hay my tnh c nhn. B l p trnh c m tay th ng dng cho cc PLC r ti n, n gi n. B l p trnh chuyn d ng c trang b mn hnh v cc phm tng ng v i cc ph n t c a s thang ti n cho vi c l p trnh. Cc thi t b ny cho php ki m tra vi c th c hi n cc l nh c a chng trnh trong th i gian th c. Ngy nay ta thng s d ng cc ph n m m l p trnh cho PLC trn my tnh v sau khi chay th m ph ng c th n p vo PLC thng qua c ng RS232. B n p EPROM cho php n p chng trnh ghi trn EPROM vo b nh c a PLC. Thi t b m ph ng th ng g n v i cc i t quang i n LED ho c cc cang t c th nghi m cc b c c a chng trnh logic.
52
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
B x l ho th ng dng lm giao di n gi a h th ng m ph ng v h th ng hi n th b ng mn hnh. Cc PLC ho t ng lin t c t lc c b t ln. Khc v i my tnh thng th ng, PLC khng c n c h i u hnh, khng c n c ph n m m no ngoi ph n m m c a ng i s d ng v ring i v i cc my CNC ho c r b t c th c thm ph n m m ho dng cho m ph ng cc qu trnh gia cng hay cc ho t ng c a r b t . PLC l n l t c cc u vo, th c hi n tnh ton, xc nh cc tc ng i u khi n, tru n cc tc ng i u khi n n u ra v l p l i. K t n i v i m un vo l cc i l ng v t l. Cc i l ng vo ny c th l c hai d ng: - Cc i l ng tng t (analog): l cc i l ng n t cc c m bi n tng t . - Cc i l ng l gc: l cc i l ng th hi n cc tr ng thi hay cc i u ki n th c hi n m t hm l gc hay chnh l cc quy t nh l gc. Cc i l ng ny n t cc cng t c, c m bi n s . Cc m un ra k t n i cc u ra v i cc ng c, cc cu n ht, cc n tn hi u vv. Tc ng c a chng trnh i u khi n l cc thao tc kh i ng ng c, d ng ng c, b t/t t n, kch ho t m t c c u no vv. T t c cc PLC u th c hi n cc ch c nng i u khi n v m t b n ch t l gi ng nhau. Tuy nhin v cch th b ng l p trnh c th khc nhau, ph thu c vo nh s n xu t PLC. M i u vo c a PLC c n i v i m t hay nhi u thi t b m qua dng i n b ch n l i hay c cho i qua. N u c i n p trn u vo th u vo c c xem nh ang tr ng thi b t. Ng c l i n u khng c i n p trn u vo, c ngha l u vo ang tr ng thi t t. PLC ki m tra tr ng thi cc u vo v so snh v i chng trnh l gc ng hay ng t tn hi u i n p trn u ra. Cc PLC khng c n bi t n cc cc thi t b c c k t n i vo n qua m un vo hay m un ra hay khng, m chng ch n gi n l ki m tra cc tr ng thi c a cc u vo v b t hay t t cc u ra tng ng v i l gc c a chng trnh i u khi n. M i vng i u khi n hon thnh c g i l m t chu k qut. Th i gian c a m t chu k l r t quan tr ng, v n lin quan n s l ng cc y ra c th i u khi n c c a PLC. Th i gian chu k cng nh PLC cng hoath ng nhanh, cng c th i u khi n c nhi u i l ng v t l khc nhau. Chnh v v y PLC tr nn thi t b i u khi n l t ng cho cc my v thi t b cng nghi p. Khi cha c chng trnh i u khi n PLC khng th ho t ng c. PLC ch ho t ng khi c chng trnh i u khi n n p vo b nh c a n. Chng trnh i u khi n c th n p vo PLC b ng 3 phng php khc nhau: - L p trnh nh cc ph n m m l p trnh trn my tnh v n p chng trnh ln PLC qua c ng RS232 hay qua c ng k t n i v i m ng LAN hay m ng Internet. My tnh c nhn l phng ti n l p trnh t t nh t cho PLC, b i v ch ng ta c th quan st c nhi u dng l nh trn mn hnh, so n th o v truy c p vo chng trnh d dng. i u b t ti n l my tnh c nhn khng thch h p l m v i mi tr ng cng nghi p v kh nng di chuy n km. - L p trnh b ng thi t b l p trnh sch tay: l p trnh tr c ti p vo b nh c a PLC. Thi t b ny khng d s d ng nh my tnh, nh ng l i ti n cho vi c mang i theo ng i. L p trnh c th c hi n t ng dng l nh tng ng v i t ng b c c a s thang. - L p trnh trn my tnh, n p ln th nh v sau n p t th nh vo PLC qua c ng tiu chu n. Cc th nh EEPROM l cc b nh ROM c th xo v l p trnh l i c b ng i n. u i m c a EEPROM l n c th thay i chng trnh c a PLC b ng cch c m vo c ng c a PLC. Khi n p chng trnh i u khi n t PC n PLC, chng trnh c th ch y c, n ph i c n p vo b nh c a b x l. Khi n p chng trnh tr c ti p t PC c n ph I ch cc thao tc sau: 1. T t c cc ph n t c lin quan n PLC ph i c ng t i n. 2. N i PC v i PLC 3. Chuy n cng t c trn b x l sang ch i u khi n t xa. 4. B t cng t c ngu n c p i n vo PLC v cc b ph n c a n. 5. Th c hi n b c t i chng trnh i u khi n t PC v PLC. 6. Khi vi c t i chng trnh hon t t, chuy n sang ch gin ti p, ng ng k t n i v i PC (stay offline). Lc ny PLC c th ch y chng trnh m i n p v .
53
2.3 T p l nh PLC S7 - 300

2.3.1 Nhm l nh logic ti p i m3
2.3.1.1 Hm AND: Ton h ng l ki u d li u BOOL hay a ch bit I, Q, M, T, C, D, L
Figure 2.6
Tn hi u ra Q4.0 s b ng 1 khi ng th i tn hi u I0.0=1 v I0.1=1. D li u vo v ra : Vo: I0.0, I0.1: BOOL Ra : Q4.0 : BOOL V d : M t ng c ko bng t i ho t ng khi n v gi ng th i hai nt n S1 v S2 :
3 This
54
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
2.3.1.2 Hm OR: Ton h ng l ki u d
li u BOOL hay a ch bit I, Q, M, T, C, D, L.
Figure 2.7
Tn hi u ra s b ng 1 khi c t nh t m t tn hi u u vo b ng 1. D li u vo v ra : Vo: I0.0, I0.1: BOOL Ra : Q4.0 : BOOL V d : M t bng n s sng n u nh n 1 trong hai cng t c S1 ho c S2 2.3.1.3 Hm NOT: Tn hi u u ra l ngh ch o c a tn hi u u vo
Figure 2.8
D li u vo ra Vo: I0.0: BOOL Ra: Q4.0: BOOL
55 2.3.1.4 Hm XOR: Ton h ng l ki u d li u BOOL hay a ch bit I, Q, M, T, C, D, L.
Figure 2.9
Tn hi u u ra s b ng 1 khi 2 tn hi u u vo ngh ch o nhau. 2.3.1.5 L nh xo RESET: Ton h ng l a ch bit I, Q, M, T, C, D, L.
Figure 2.10
Tn hi u ra Q4.0 s b xo khi tn hi u u vo I0.0 = 1.
56
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
2.3.1.6 L nh SET: Ton h ng l a ch bit I, Q, M, T, C, D, L.
Figure 2.11
Tn hi u ra Q4.0 = 1 (Q4.0 s c thi t l p ) khi I0.0 =1. 2.3.1.7 B nh RS: Ton h ng l a ch bit I, Q, M, D, L
Figure 2.12
57 Khi I0.0 = 1 v I0.1 = 0 Merker M0.0 b Reset v u ra Q4.0 l "0". N u I0.0 = 0 v I0.1 = 1 th Set cho M0.0 v u ra Q4.0 l "1". Khi c hai u vo Set v Reset cng ng th i =1 th M0.0 v Q4.0 c gi tr l "1".
2.3.1.8 B nh SR: Ton h ng l a ch bit I, Q, M, D, L
Figure 2.13
Khi I0.0 = 1 v I0.1 = 0 th Set cho Merker M0.0 v u ra Q4.0 l "1". N u I0.0 = 0 v I0.0 = 1 th M0.0 b Reset v u ra Q4.0 l "0". Khi c hai u vo Set v Reset cng ng th i =1 th M0.0 v Q4.0 c gi tr l "0". Ch : Trong k thu t s tr ng thi c a trig RS s b c m khi R=1 v S=1. Nn RS v SR l lo i Trig u tin S hay u tin R y c hai lo i b nh
2.3.2 B m (Counter)4
2.3.2.1 Nguyn l ho t ng Counter th c hi n ch c nng m t ph thu c vo t ng lo i CPU, k hi S7-300 c 3 lo i b m th ng s d li (CD). M t b m t ng qut c th
4 This
i cc s n ln c a cc xung u vo. S7-300 c t i a l 256 b m u b i Cx. Trong x l s nguyn trong kho ng t 0 n 255. Trong ng nh t l : B m ti n li (CUD), b m ti n (CU) v b m c m t nh sau:
58
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
Figure 2.14
Trong : CU : BOOL l tn hi u kch m ti n CD : BOOL l tn hi u kch m li S : BOOL l tn hi u t PV : WORD l gi tr t tr c R : BOOL l tn hi u xo CV : WORD L gi tr m h m 16 CV_BCD: WORD l gi tr m h m BCD Q : BOOL L tn hi u ra . Qu trnh lm vi c c a b m c m t nh sau: S s n xung m c, c ghi vo thanh ghi 2 Byte c a b m, g i l thanh ghi C-Word. N i dung c a thanh ghi C-Word c g i l gi tr m t c th i c a b m v k hi u b ng CV v CV_BCD. B m bo tr ng thi c a C-Word ra ngoi C-bit qua chn Q c a n. N u CV <> 0, C-bit c gi tr "1". Ng c l i khi CV = 0, C- bit nh n gi tr 0. CV lun l gi tr khng m. B m s khng m li khi CV = 0. i v i Counter, gi tr t tr c PV ch c chuy n vo C-Word t i th i i m xu t hi n s n ln c a tn hi u t t i chn S. B m s c xo t c th i b ng tn hi u xo R (Reset). Khi b m c xa c C-Word v C- bit u nh n gi tr 0. 2.3.2.2 Khai bo s d ng
Vi c khai bo s d ng m t Counter bao g m cc b c sau: - Khai bo tn hi u Enable n u mu n s d ng tn hi u ch ng kch m (S): d ng d li u BOOL - Khai bo tn hi u u vo m ti n CU : d ng d li u BOOL - Khai bo tn hi u u vo m li CD : d ng d li u BOOL - Khai bo gi tr t tr c PV: d ng d li u WORD - Khai bo tn hi u xo: d ng d li u BOOL
59 - Khai bo tn hi u ra CV (h 16): d ng d li u WORD. - Khai bo tn hi u ra CV-BCD n u mu n l y gi tr m t c th i h BCD d ng d li u WORD. - Khai bo u ra Q n u mu n l y tn hi u tc ng c a b m. d ng d li u BOOL. Trong c n ch cc tn hi u sau b t bu c ph i khai bo: Tn c a b m c n s d ng, tn hi u kch m CU ho c CD. 2.3.2.2.1 B m ti n/li: Khai bo
Figure 2.15
Nguyn l ho t ng Khi tn hi u I0.2 chuy n t 0 ln 1b m c t gi tr l 55. Gi tr u ra Q4.0 =1 . B m s th c hin m ti n t i cc s n ln c a tn hi u t i chn CU khi tn hi u I0.0 chuy n gi tr t "0" ln "1" B m s m li t i cc s n ln c a tn hi u t i chn I0.1 khi tn hi u chuy n t "0" ln "1" . Gi tr c a b m s tr v 0 khi c tn hi u tai s n ln c a chn R ( I0.3) 2.3.2.2.2 B m ti n CU: Khai bo Nguyn l ho t ng Khi tn hi u I0.2 chuy n t "0" ln "1" b m c t gi tr l 55. Gi tr u ra Q4.0 =1. B m s th c hin m ti n t i cc s n ln c a tn hi u t i chn CU khi tn hi u I0.0 chuy n gi tr t "0" ln "1" .Gi tr c a b m s tr v 0 khi c tn hi u tai s n ln c a chn R (I0.3). B m s ch m n gi tr <= 999.
60
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
Figure 2.16
2.3.2.2.3 B m li CD: Khai bo
Figure 2.17
Nguyn l ho t ng Khi tn hi u I0.2 chuy n t "0" ln "1" b m c t gi tr l 55. Gi tr u ra Q4.0 =1.
61 B m s th c hin m li t i cc s n ln c a tn hi u t i chn CD khi tn hi u I0.0 chuy n gi tr t "0" ln"1". Gi tr c a b m s tr v 0 khi c tn hi u tai s n ln c a chn R(I0.3). B m s ch m n gi tr >= 0. V d : Vi t chng trnh i u khi n qu n l bi xe t t ng. C m bi n S1 pht hi n xe vo, c m bi n S2 pht hi n xe ra. S xe trong Gara c lu vo a ch QW20.
2.3.3 B th i gian (Timer)5

2.3.3.1 Nguyn l ho t ng c a b Timer B th i gian Timer l b t o th i gian tr T mong mu n gi a tn hi u logic u vo X(t) v u ra Y(t).
Figure 2.18
S7-300 c 5 ki u th i gian Timer khc nhau. T t c 5 lo i Timer ny cng b t u t o th i gian tr tn hi u k t th i i m c s n ln c a tn hi u kch u vo, t c l khi c tn hi u u vo U(t) chuy n tr ng thi t logic "0" ln logic"1", c g i l th i i m Timer c kch. Th i gian tr T mong mu n c khai bo v i Timer b ng gi tr 16 bits bao g m hai thnh ph n: - phn gi i v i n v l mS. Timer c a S7 c 4 lo i phn gi i khc nhau l 10ms, 100ms, 1s v 10s. - M t s nguyn BCD trong kho ng t 0 n 999 c g i l PV (Preset Value - gi tr t tr c). Nh v y th i gian tr T mong mu n s c tnh nh sau: T = phn gi i x PV. Ty theo ngn ng l p trnh m c th khai bo th i gian tr theo hai cch sau:
5 This
62
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
- Cch 1: S5t#5s: Cch khai bo ny dng c cho cc lo i ngn ng l p trnh Step 7 - Cch 2: L W#16#1350, cch khai bo ny ch dng c cho ngn ng STL xc nh c phn gi i trong cch khai bo th nh t ta c th tnh nh sau: p d ng cng th c tnh: T = phn gi i x PV; trong PV l s nguyn l n nh t c th n m trong kho ng 0-999. Nh v y, n u khai bo s5t#5s th c th tnh nh sau: 5s=10mS x 500, v y phn gi i l 10mS. V i cch khai bo ny ta khng th thay i c phn gi i v ph n m m Step7 t gn cho n phn gi i. V i cch khai bo th 2 ta co th l a ch n phn gi i ty . V d mu n khai bo kho ng th i gian tr l 5s ta c th khai bo nh sau: W#16#1050 ho c W#16#2005. Trong , ch s 1 ho c 2 l phn gi i c quy nh theo b ng sau:
Figure 2.19
Cn ba ch s ng sau l gi tr t. Nh v y, trong v d trn v i cng m t gi tr th i gian tr 5s ta c th t c phn gi i l 100ms ho c 1s. Ngay t i th i i m kch Timer, gi tr PV c chuy n vo thanh ghi 16 bits c a Timer T-Word ( g i l thanh ghi CV- Curren value- gi tr t c th i). Timer s ghi nh kho ng th i gian tri qua k t khi kch b ng cch gi m d n m t cch tng ng n i dung thanh ghi CV. N u n i dung thanh ghi CV tr v b ng 0 th Timer t c th i gian mong mu n T v i u ny c bo ra ngoi b ng cch thay i tr ng thi tn hi u u ra Y(t). Vi c thng bo ra ngoi b ng cch i tr ng thi tn hi u d u ra Y(t) nh th no cn ph thu c vo lo i Timer c s d ng. Bn c nh s n ln c a tn hi u u vo U(t), Timer cn c th kch b ng s n ln c a tn hi u kch ch ng c tn l tn hi u ENABLE n u nh t i th i i m c s n ln c a tn hi u ENABLE, tn hi u u vo U(t) c gic l "1". T ng lo i Timer c nh s t 0 n 255 (tu thu c vo t ng lo i CPU). M t Timer c t tn l Tx, trong x l s hi u c a Timer ( 0<=x<=255). K hi u Tx cng ng th i l tn hi u hnh th c c a thanh ghi CV (T-Word) v u ra T-bits c a Timer . Tuy chng c cng a ch hnh th c, nhng T-Word v T-bits v n c phn bi t v i nhau nh ki u l nh s d ng ton h ng Tx. Khi dng lm vi c v i t Tx c hi u l T-Word cn khi lm vi c v i i m thi Tx c hi u l T-bit.
63 xa t c th i tr ng thi c a T-word v T-bit ng i ta s d ng m t tn hi u reset Timer. T i th i i m s n ln c a tn hi u ny gi tr T-Word v T-bit ng th i c gi tr b ng 0 t c l thanh ghi t c th i CV c t v 0 v tn hi u u ra cng c tr ng thi Logic l "0". Trong th i gian tn hi u Reset c gi tr logic l "1" Timer s khng lm vi c. 2.3.3.2 Khai bo s d ng
Cc tn hi u i u khi n cho m t b Timer ph i c khai bo bao g m cc b c sau: - Khai bo tn hi u ENABLE n u mu n s d ng tn hi u ch ng kch. - Khai bo tn hi u u vo U(t). - Khai bo th i gian tr mong mu n TV. - Khai bo lo i Timer c s d ng (SP, SE, SD, SS, SF). - Khai bo tn hi u xo Timer n u mu n s d ng ch Reset ch ng. Trong cc b c trn th b c 1 v 5 c th b qua. D ng d li u vo / ra c a b Timer: S : BOOL BI :WORD TW : S5TIME BCD : WORD R : BOOL Q: BOOL 2.3.3.2.1 B th i gian SP: Khai bo
Figure 2.20
Nguyn l lm vi c T i th i i m s n ln c a tn hi u vo SET th i gian s c tnh ng th i gi tr Logic "1". Khi th i gian t k t thc gi tr u ra cng tr v 0.
u ra l
64
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
Figure 2.21
Khi c tn hi u RESET (R) th i gian tnh l p t c tr v 0 v tn hi u u ra cng gi tr l "0". V d : Vi t chng trnh i u khi n ng c khng ng b 3 pha i n i Y/, ho t ng theo nguyn t c sau: n nt Start kha K1 c i n c p i n cho h th ng, ng th i K2 cng c i n ng c ho t ng ch Y, sau th i gian 5s kha K3 c i n ng c ho t ng ch . n nt Stop h th ng d ng
65 2.3.3.2.2 B th i gian SE: Khai bo
Figure 2.22
Nguyn l lm vi c T i th i i m s n ln c a tn hi u vo SET cu i cng b th i gian c thi t l p v th i gian s c tnh ng th i gi tr Logic u ra l "1". K t thc th i gian t tn hi u u ra s tr v 0. Khi c tn hi u RESET (R) th i gian tnh l p t c tr v 0 v tn hi u u ra cng gi tr l "0".
66
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
Figure 2.23
V d : Vi t chng trnh i u khi n bng n ho t ng nh sau: n nt S n sng sau th i gian 10s bng n t t t.
67 2.3.3.2.3 B th i gian SD: Khai bo
Figure 2.24
Nguyn l lm vi c T i th i i m s n ln c a tn hi u vo SET b th i gian c thi t l p v th i gian s c tnh. K t thc th i gian t tn hi u u ra s c gi tr l "1". Khi tn hi u u vo kch S l "0" u ra cng l p t c tr v "0" ngha l tn hi u u ra s khng c duy tr khi tn hi u kch c gi tr l "0".
68
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
Figure 2.25
Khi c tn hi u RESET (R) th i gian tnh l p t c tr v "0" v tn hi u u ra cng gi tr l "0".
69 2.3.3.2.4 B th i gian SS: Khai bo
Figure 2.26
Nguyn l lm vi c T i th i i m s n ln c a tn hi u vo SET b th i gian c thi t l p v th i gian s c tnh. K t thc th i gian t tn hi u u ra s c gi tr 1 gi tr ny v n duy tr ngay c khi tn hi u u vo kch S c gi tr l 0. Khi c tn hi u RESET (R) th i gian tnh l p t c tr v 0 v tn hi u u ra cng gi tr l "0". V d : M t bng n D c b t theo yu c u sau: n nt S1 sau 5s bng n sng, t t n b ng nt n S2
70
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
Figure 2.27
2.3.3.2.5 B th i gian SF: Khai bo
Figure 2.28
71 Nguyn l lm vi c
Figure 2.29
T i th i i m s n ln c a tn hi u vo SET b th i gian c thi t l p. Tn hi u u ra c gi tr l 1. Nhng th i gian s c tnh th i i m s n xu ng cu i cng c a tn hi u u vao SET(S). K t thc th i gian t tn hi u u ra s tr v 0. Khi c tn hi u RESET (R) th i gian tnh l p t c tr v 0 v tn hi u u ra cng gi tr l "0". V d : M t ng c c i u khi n ho t ng theo nguyn t c sau: B t cng t c S1 ng c ho t ng, ng c d ng l i sau 5s khi t t cng t c S1 ho c d ng l i ngay khi n nt S2
72
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
2.3.4 Cc hm so snh6
2.3.4.1 Hm so snh s nguyn 16 bits: Khai bo
Figure 2.30
Kh i th c hi n ch c nng so snh b ng nhau C cc d ng so snh hai s nguyn 16 bits nh sau: - Hm so snh b ng nhau gi a hai s nguyn 16 bits: == - Hm so snh khc nhau gi a hai s nguyn 16 bits: <> - Hm so snh l n hn gi a hai s nguyn 16 bits: > - Hm so snh nh hn gi a hai s nguyn 16 bits: < - Hm so snh l n hn ho c b ng nhau gi a hai s nguyn 16 bits: >= - Hm so snh nh hn ho c b ng nhau gi a hai s nguyn 16 bits: <= Trong v d trn u ra Q4.0 s l "1" khi MW0 = MW2
6 This
73 2.3.4.2 Hm so snh s nguyn 32 bits
Figure 2.31
Kh i th c hi n ch c nng so snh b ng nhau C cc d ng so snh hai s nguyn 32 bits nh sau: - Hm so snh b ng nhau gi a hai s nguyn 32 bits: == - Hm so snh khc nhau gi a hai s nguyn 32 bits: <> - Hm so snh l n hn gi a hai s nguyn 32 bits: > - Hm so snh nh hn gi a hai s nguyn 32 bits: < - Hm so snh l n hn ho c b ng nhau gi a hai s nguyn 32 bits: >= - Hm so snh nh hn ho c b ng nhau gi a hai s nguyn 32 bits: <= 2.3.4.3 Hm so snh s th c 32 bits
Figure 2.32
Kh i th c hi n ch c nng so snh 2 s th c Trong v d trn u ra Q4.0 s l "1" khi MD0 < MD4 .
74
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
Cc d ng so snh hai s th c 32 bits nh sau : - Hm so snh b ng nhau gi a hai s th c 32 bits: == - Hm so snh khc nhau gi a hai s th c 32 bits: <> - Hm so snh l n hn gi a hai s th c 32 bits: > - Hm so snh nh hn gi a hai s th c 32 bits: < - Hm so snh l n hn ho c b ng nhau gi a hai s th c 32 bits: >= - Hm so snh nh hn ho c b ng nhau gi a hai s th c 32bits: <= V d : M t Gara t t ng c kh nng ch a 100 xe. L p trnh cho b hi n th sao cho n u cn ch th bo n xanh, h t ch bo n .
2.3.5 Cc hm ton h c7
2.3.5.1 Nhm lm vi c v i s nguyn 16 bits. 2.3.5.1.1 C ng 2 s nguyn Khi tn hi u vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 v hm s th c hi n c ng hai s nguyn 16 bits MW0 v i MW2. K t qu c c t vo MW10. Trong tr ng h p tn hi u vo I0.0 = 0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 v hm s khng th c hi n ch c nng.
Figure 2.33
D li u vo ra EN: BOOL IN1: INT IN2 :INT OUT: INT ENO : BOOL V d : Chng trnh tnh t ng s n ph m c a hai bng t i v n chuy n hng vo kho ch a, k t qu c t vo vng nh MW4:
7 This
75 2.3.5.1.2 Tr 2 s nguyn
Figure 2.34
D li u vo ra EN: BOOL IN1: INT IN2 :INT OUT: INT ENO : BOOL Khi tn hi u vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 v hm s th c hi n tr hai s nguyn 16 bits MW0 v i MW2. K t qu c c t vo MW10. Trong tr ng h p tn hi u vo I0.0 = 0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 v hm s khng th c hi n ch c nng. 2.3.5.1.3 Nhn 2 s nguyn
Figure 2.35
D li u vo ra EN: BOOL IN1: INT IN2 :INT OUT: INT ENO : BOOL
76
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
Khi tn hi u vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 v hm s th c hi n nhn hai s nguyn 16 bits MW0 v i MW2. K t qu c c t vo MW10. Trong tr ng h p tn hi u vo I0.0 = 0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 v hm s khng th c hi n ch c nng. 2.3.5.1.4 Chia 2 s nguyn
Figure 2.36
Khi tn hi u vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 v hm s th c hi n chia hai s nguyn 16 bits MW0 v i MW2. K t qu c c t vo MW10. Trong tr ng h p tn hi u vo I0.0 = 0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 v hm s khng th c hi n ch c nng. 2.3.5.2 Nhm lm vi c v i s nguyn 32 bits 2.3.5.2.1 C ng 2 s nguyn
Figure 2.37
D li u vo ra
77 EN: BOOL IN1: DINT IN2 :DINT OUT: DINT ENO : BOOL Khi tn hi u vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 v hm s th c hi n cng hai s nguyn 32 bits MD0 v i MD4. K t qu c c t vo MD10. Trong tr ng h p tn hi u vo I0.0 = 0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 v hm s khng th c hi n ch c nng. 2.3.5.2.2 Tr 2 s nguyn
Khi tn hi u vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 v hm s th c hi n tr hai s nguyn 32 bits MD0 v i MD4. K t qu c c t vo MD10. Trong tr ng h p tn hi u vo I0.0 = 0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 v hm s khng th c hi n ch c nng.
Figure 2.38
D li u vo ra EN: BOOL IN1: DINT IN2 :DINT OUT: DINT ENO : BOOL
78 2.3.5.2.3 Nhn 2 s nguyn
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
Figure 2.39
D li u vo ra EN: BOOL IN1: DINT IN2 :DINT OUT: DINT ENO : BOOL Khi tn hi u vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 v hm s th c hi n nhn hai s nguyn 32 bits MD0 v i MD4. K t qu c c t vo MD10. Trong tr ng h p tn hi u vo I0.0 = 0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 v hm s khng th c hi n ch c nng. 2.3.5.2.4 Chia 2 s nguyn
Figure 2.40
D li u vo ra EN: BOOL IN1: DINT
79 IN2 :DINT OUT: DINT ENO : BOOL Khi tn hi u vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 v hm s th c hi n chia hai s nguyn 32 bits MD0 v i MD4. K t qu c c t vo MD10. Trong tr ng h p tn hi u vo I0.0 = 0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 v hm s khng th c hi n ch c nng. 2.3.5.3 Nhm lm vi c v i s th c 2.3.5.3.1 C ng 2 s th c Khi tn hi u vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 v hm s th c hi n c ng hai s th c MD0 + MD4. K t qu c c t vo MD10. Trong tr ng h p tn hi u vo I0.0 = 0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 v hm s khng th c hi n ch c nng.
Figure 2.41
D li u vo ra EN: BOOL IN1: REAL IN2 : REAL OUT: REAL ENO : BOOL 2.3.5.3.2 Tr 2 s th c
Khi tn hi u vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 v hm s th c hi n tr hai s th c MD0 - MD4. K t qu c c t vo MD10. Trong tr ng h p tn hi u vo I0.0 = 0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 v hm s khng th c hi n ch c nng.
80
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
Figure 2.42
D li u vo ra EN: BOOL IN1: REAL IN2 : REAL OUT: REAL ENO : BOOL 2.3.5.3.3 Nhn 2 s th c
Figure 2.43
D li u vo ra EN: BOOL IN1: REAL IN2 : REAL OUT: REAL ENO : BOOL Khi tn hi u vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 v hm s th c hi n nhn hai s th c MD0 . MD4. K t qu c c t vo MD10. Trong tr ng h p tn hi u vo I0.0 = 0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 v hm s khng th c hi n ch c nng.
81 2.3.5.3.4 Chia 2 s th c
Figure 2.44
D li u vo ra EN: BOOL IN1: REAL IN2 : REAL OUT: REAL ENO : BOOL Khi tn hi u vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 v hm s th c hi n chia hai s th c MD0 : MD4. K t qu c c t vo MD10. Trong tr ng h p tn hi u vo I0.0 = 0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 v hm s khng th c hi n ch c nng. 2.3.5.4 M t s hm khc 2.3.5.4.1 Hm l y gi tr tuy t i ABS
Figure 2.45
82
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
D li u vo ra EN: BOOL OUT: REAL IN : REAL ENO : BOOL Khi tn hi u vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 v hm s th c hin ch c nng l y gi tr tuy t i c a MD8 r i c t vo MD12 Khi tn hi u vao I0.0 = 0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 v hm s khng th c hi n ch c nng. 2.3.5.4.2 Hm SIN, COS, TAN, ASIN, ACOS, ATAN
Figure 2.46
D li u vo ra EN: BOOL OUT: REAL IN : REAL ENO : BOOL Khi tn hi u vo I0.0 = 1 u ra Q4.0 = 1 v hm s th c hin ch c nng tnh SIN, COS, TAN, ASIN, ACOS, ATAN c a MD0 r i c t vo MD10. Khi tn hi u vo I0.0 = 0 u ra Q4.0 = 0 v hm s khng th c hi n ch c nng.
83
2.3.6 Hm di chuy n d li u8
2.3.6.1 Kh i chuy n d li u: Khai bo
Figure 2.47
Nguyn l ho t ng Khi c tn h u kch I0.0 kh i MOVE c thi t l p, tn hi u u ra ENO l Q4.0 =1. ng th i s li u u vo IN l MW0 c Copy sang u ra OUT l MW2. Khi tn hi u kch I0.0 = 0 tn hi u u ra Q4.0 = 0. Trong tr ng h p mu n thay i s li u trong b nh (t c l thay i gi tr trong MW2) ta c th khng c n s d ng tn hi u kch I0.0. V d : M t bng n c ho t ng theo nguyn t c sau: N u n nt S1 n sng 5s, n u n nt S2 n sng 10s, n t t khi n nt S3 2.3.6.2 Cc b ghi d ch v quay s li u trn thanh ghi 2.3.6.2.1 D ch ph i s nguyn 16 bits: Khai bo Khi tn hi u kch I0.0 = 1 Kh i s th c hi n ch c nng dich chuy n sang ph i s li u trong thanh ghi. ng th i tn hi u ra t i ENO l Q4.0 c gi tr l 1. S li u a vo t i IN l MW0 S bit s dich chuy n l MW2 ( t i chn N) K t qu sau khi d ch c c t vo MW4. Trn s cho ta th y k t qu c a b d ch ph i 4 bit.
8 This
84
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
Figure 2.48
Figure 2.49
85 2.3.6.2.2 D ch ph i s nguyn 32 bits: Khai bo
Figure 2.50
Khi tn hi u kch I0.0 = 1. Kh i s th c hi n ch c nng dich chuy n sang ph i s li u trong thanh ghi. ng th i tn hi u ra t i ENO l Q4.0 c gi tr l 1. S li u a vo t i IN l MD0 S bit s d ch chuy n l MW2 (t i chn N). K t qu sau khi d ch c c t vo MW4. Trn s cho ta th y k t qu c a b d ch ph i 4 bit. 2.3.6.2.3 D ch tri 16 bits: Khai bo Nguyn l ho t ng Khi c tn hi u kch I0.0 = 1 tn hi u ra Q4.0 c thi t l p v c gi tr 1. D li u u vo MW0 c d ch sang tri v i s bit c t t i chn N (MW2). K t qu sau khi d ch c ghi vo MW4.
Figure 2.51: Gi n th i gian b d ch tri 6 v tr
86
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
Figure 2.52
2.3.6.2.4 Quay tri s 32 bits: Khai bo
Figure 2.53
87
Figure 2.54
Nguyn l ho t ng Khi c tn hi u kch I0.0 = 1 tn hi u ra Q4.0 c thi t l p v c gi tr 1. D li u u vo MD0 c quay sang tri v i s bit c t t i chn N (MW4) K t qu sau khi d ch c ghi vo MD10. 2.3.6.2.5 Quay ph i s 32 bits: Khai bo
Figure 2.55
Nguyn l ho t ng - Khi c tn hi u kch I0.0 = 1 tn hi u ra Q4.0 c thi t l p v c gi tr 1. - D li u u vo MD0 c quay ph i v i s bit c t t i chn N (MW4) - K t qu sau khi d ch c ghi vo MD10. Gi n th i gian b dich ph i 3 v tr s 32 bits
88
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
Figure 2.56
2.3.7 Hm logic th c hi n trn thanh ghi9

2.3.7.1 Hm AND 2 s 16 bits: Khai bo
Figure 2.57
Nguyn l ho t ng Hm s th c hi n ch c nng nhn hai s nh phn tai u vo IN1 v u vo IN2 k t qu c c t OUT ( MW2) khi c tn hi u kch t i chn EN (I0.0 =1). Tn hi u u ra ENO (Q4.0 = 1) khi hm th c hi n ch c nng. -V d : IN1 = 0101010101010101 S th nh t
9 This
89 IN2 = 0100000000001111 S th 2 OUT = 0100000000000101 K t qu 2.3.7.2 Hm OR 2 s 16 bits: Khai bo
Figure 2.58
Nguyn l ho t ng Hm s th c hi n ch c nng OR hai s nh phn tai u vo IN1 v u vo IN2 k t qu c c t OUT ( MW2) khi c tn hi u kch t i chn EN (I0.0= 1). Tn hi u u ra ENO (Q4.0 = 1) khi hm th c hi n ch c nng. -V d : IN1 = 0101010101010101 S th nh t IN2 = 0000000000001111 S th 2 OUT = 0101010101011111 K t qu
90
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
2.3.7.3 Hm XOR 2 s 16 bits: Khai bo
Figure 2.59
Nguyn l ho t ng Hm s th c hi n ch c nng XOR hai s nh phn tai u vo IN1 v u vo IN2 k t qu c c t OUT khi c tn hi u kch t i chn EN. Tn hi u u ra ENO khi hm th c hi n ch c nng. V d : IN1 = 0101010101010101 S th nh t IN2 = 0000000000001111 S th 2 OUT = 0101010101011010 K t qu 2.3.7.4 Hm AND 2 t kp: Khai bo
Figure 2.60
EN(I0.0): BOOL IN2 : DWORD
91 IN1 : DWOED OUT : DWORD ENO : BOOL Nguyn l ho t ng Hm s th c hi n ch c nng AND hai s nh phn t i u vo IN1 v u vo IN2 k t qu c c t OUT khi c tn hi u kch t i chn EN. Tn hi u u ra ENO khi hm th c hi n ch c nng. V d : IN1 = 0101010101010101 0101010101010101 IN2 = 0000000000000000 0000111111111111 OUT = 000000000000000 0000010101010101 2.3.7.5 Hm OR 2 t kp: Khai bo
Figure 2.61
EN(I0.0): BOOL IN2 : DWORD IN1 : DWOED OUT : DWORD ENO : BOOL Nguyn l ho t ng Hm s th c hi n ch c nng OR hai s c di 2 t t i u vo IN1 v u vo IN2 k t qu c c t OUT khi c tn hi u kch t i chn EN. Tn hi u u ra ENO khi hm th c hi n ch c nng. V d : IN1 = 0101010101010101 0101010101010101 IN2 = 0000000000000000 0000111111111111 OUT = 0101010101010101 0101111111111111
92 2.3.7.6 Hm XOR 2 t
CHNG 2. CHNG 2 : NGN NG kp: Khai bo
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
Figure 2.62
EN(I0.0): BOOL IN1: DWORD
IN2: DWORD OUT: DWORD

Table 2.1
ENO: BOOL
Nguyn l ho t ng Hm s th c hi n ch c nng XOR hai s c di 2 t t i u vo IN1 v u vo IN2 k t qu c c t OUT khi c tn hi u kch t i chn EN Tn hi u u ra ENO khi hm th c hi n ch c nng. V d : IN1 = 0101010101010101 0101010101010101 IN2 = 0000000000000000 0000111111111111 OUT = 0101010101010101 0101101010101010
2.3.8 L nh lm vi c v i tn hi u tng t
2.3.8.1 Cc d ng tn hi u tng t
10
N u tn hi u s (digital signals) l lo i tn hi u ch c 2 m c 0 v 1 tng ng v i 0V v 24V th tn hi u tng t c th nh n b t c gi tr no trong m t d i xc nh. x l tn hi u tng t , cc i lng v t l nh: nhi t , lu l ng, t c t c m bi n s c chuy n i thnh tn hi u i n nh dng i n, i n p, i n tr . Sau tn hi u ny c g i t i PLC x l. Tn hi u ny c chuy n i A/D. Thng th ng b chuy n i A/D dng trong cc module tng t c a PLC l lo i 8bit ho c 12 bit. 2.3.8.2 . Cc cu l nh x l tn hi u tng t
- Ki u gi tr u vo/ ra tng t : Word L nh c v ghi:

10 This
93 L PIW x ( c cc gi tr u vo) T PQW x (Ghi cc gi tr t i u ra) Gi tr cc tn hi u vo/ra tng t s c lu tr t i PI/PQ. Ki u d li u l s t nhin (INT) a ch vng nh c a cc u vo/ra tng t ph thu c vo v tr c a module tng t . N u module slot 4, n s c a ch b t u l 256, cc module cc slot ti p theo s tng ln 16 byte cho m i slot. N u module tng t slot 6 n s c a ch vo b t u l PIW288, a ch u ra u tin l PQW288. - Chuy n i cc gi tr t u vo tng t . chuy n i cc tn hi u u vo tng t c th s d ng cc hm ton h c. gi m sai s chng ta ph i chuy n i ki u s th c tr c khi x l. - Chuy n i tn hi u ra tng t Gi tr c x l c th l ki u s th c trong kho ng no , chng ta s ph i chuy n i thnh s t nhin n m trong d i tng ng.
94
L P TRNH V
NG D NG
Chng 3
Chng 3 : Ngn ng l p trinh Step 7

3.1 CI T STEP 71
Step 7 l m t ph n m m h tr , cho php : - Khai bo c u hnh c ng cho m t tr m PLC thu c h Simatic S7-300/400. - Xy d ng c u hnh m ng g m nhi u tr m PLC S7-300/400 cng nh th t c truy n thng gi a chng. - So n th o v ci t chng trnh i u khi n cho 1 ho c nhi u tr m. - Gim st vi c th c hi n chng trnh i u khi n trong m t tr m PLC v g r i chng trnh. Ngoi ra Step 7 cn c c m t th vi n y v i cc hm chu n h u ch, ph n tr gip Online r t m nh c kh nng tr l i m i cu h i c a ng i s d ng v cch s d ng Step 7, v c php l nh trong l p trnh, v xy d ng c u hnh c ng c a m t tr m cng nh c a m t m ng g m nhi u tr m PLC. Ch : i u ki n ci t thnh cng ph n m m STEP7 vo my tnh l i h i c u hnh my t i thi u : CPU 80586, 8MRAM , c ng tr ng 90MB v c card VGA T i vi t nam hi n c r t nhi u phin b n c a b ph n m m g c c a Step7. ang c s d ng nhi u nh t l phin b n (version) 4.2, 5.0, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3. Trong khi phin b n 4.2 kh ph h p cho nh ng PC c c u hnh trung bnh (CPU 80586, 90MB cn tr ng trong c ng, mn hnh VGA) nhng l i i h i tuy t i c b n quy n. Trong khi phin b n 5.0 v 5.1 m c d i h i my tnh c c u hnh m nh nhng l i khng i h i b n quy n m t cch tuy t i, ngha l phin b n ny v n lm vi c m t m c h n ch khi khng c b n quy n. Ph n l n cc a g c c a Step7 u c kh nng t ci t chng trnh (autorun). B i v y ch c n cho a vo CD v th c hi n theo ng ch d n hi n trn mn hnh. Ta c th ch ng th c hi n vi c ci t b ng cch g i chng trnh Setup.exe c trn a. Cng vi c ci t, v c b n khng khc nhi u so v i vi c ci t cc ph n m m ng d ng khc, t c l cng b t u b ng vi c ch n ngn ng ci t ( m c nh l ti ng Anh), ch n th m c t trn c ng (m c nh l C:\simens), ki m tra dung l ng cn l i trn c ng, ch n ngn ng s c s d ng trong qu trnh lm vi c v i Step7 sau ny.
1 This
95
96
L P TRINH STEP 7
Figure 3.1
Khai bo m hi u s n ph m: m hi u s n ph m lun i km v i s n ph m v c in ngay trn a ch a b ci Step7. Khi trn mn hnh xu t hi n c a s yu c u cho ti t m hi u s n ph m, ta ph i i n y vo t t c cc th m c c a c a s , k c a ch ng i s d ng sau n continue ti p t c.
3.2 So n th o m t Project m i2
Khi ni m Project khng n thu n ch l chng trnh ng d ng m r ng hn bao g m t t c nh ng g lin quan n vi c thi t k ph n m m ng d ng i u khi n, gim st m t hay nhi u tr m PLC. Theo khi ni m nh v y, trong m t Project s c: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. B ng c u hnh c ng v t t c cc module c a t ng tr m PLC. B ng tham s xc nh ch lm vi c cho t ng module c a m i tr m PLC. Cc Logic block ch a chng trnh ng d ng c a t ng tr m PLC. C u hnh ghp n i v truy n thng gi a cc tr m PLC. Cc c a s giao di n ph c v vi c gim st ton b m ng ho c gim st t ng tr m PLC c a m ng.
y, trong khun kh ph n m m Step7 ti ch gi i thi u vi c so n th o m t Project g m cc ph n 1,2,3. Nh ng ph n cn l i b n c c th tham kh o trong cu n ti li u khc

2 This
97
3.2.1 Cc thao tc khai bo v m m t Project m i.

khai bo m t Project, t mn hnh chnh c a Step 7 ta ch n File-> New ho c kch chu t t i bi u t ng "New Project/ Library".
Figure 3.2
Khi trn mn hnh s xu t hi n h p h i tho i nh hnh 3-6. G tn Project r i n phm OK v nh v y ta khai bo song m t Project m i. Ngoi ra ta cn c th ch n ni Project s c c t ln a. M c nh, ni c t s l th m c c quy nh khi ci t Step 7, y l th m c F:\S7_ projects. Trong tr ng h p mu n m m t Project c, ta ch n File -> Open ho c kch chu t t i bi u t ng "Open Project/ Library" t c a s chnh c a Step7 r i ch n tn Project mu n m t h p h i tho i c d ng nh hnh 3-7. Cu i cng n phm OK k t thc.
98
L P TRINH STEP 7
Figure 3.3
3.2.2 Xy d ng c u hnh c ng cho tr m PLC.

Sau khi khai bo xong m t Project m i, trn mn hnh s xu t hi n Project nhng d ng r ng (cha c g trong project), i u ny ta nh n bi t c qua bi u t ng th m c bn c nh tn Project gi ng nh m t th m c r ng c a Window.
99
Figure 3.4
Cng vi c ti p theo ta c th lm l xy d ng c u hnh c ng cho m t tr m PLC. i u ny khng b t bu c, ta c th khng c n khai bo c u hnh c ng cho tr m m i ngay vo ph n chng trnh ng d ng. Song kinh nghi m cho th y cng vi c ny nn lm v khi c c u hnh trong project, lc b t ngu n PLC, h i u hnh c a S7-300 bao gi cng i ki m tra cc module hi n c trong tr m, so snh v i c u hnh m ta xy d ng v n u pht hi n th y s khng ng nh t s pht ngay tn hi u bo ng t l i ho c thi u module ch khng c n ph i i t i khi th c hi n chng trnh ng d ng. Tr c h t ta khai bo c u hnh c ng cho m t tr m PLC v i simatic S7-300 b ng cch vo: Insert -> Station ->Simatic 300- Station:
100
L P TRINH STEP 7
Figure 3.5
Trong tr ng h p khng mu n khai bo c u hnh c ng m i ngay vo chng trnh ng d ng ta c th ch n th ng. ng tc ny s h u ch cho nh ng tr ng h p m t tr m PLC c nhi u phin b n ng d ng khc nhau.
101
Figure 3.6
Mn hnh khai bo c u hnh c ng cho t m PLC Sau khi khai bo m t tr m (chn m t Station), th m c Project chuy n sang d ng khng r ng v i th m c con trong n tn m c nh l Simatic300(1) ch a t p thng tin v c u hnh c ng c a tr m. vo mn hnh khai bo c u hnh c ng, ta nhy chu t t i bi u t ng Hardware. Trong h p tho i hi n ra ta khai bo thanh Ray (Rack) v cc module c trn thanh Ray . V d : Step7 gip vi c khai bo c u hnh c ng c n gi n nh b ng danh m c cc module c a n. Mu n a module no vo b ng c u hnh ta ch c n nh d u v tr ni module s c a vo r i nhy kp chu t tri t i tn c a module trong b ng danh m c cc module km theo.
102
L P TRINH STEP 7
Figure 3.7
3.2.3 t tham s quy nh ch lm vi c cho module.

V i b ng c u hnh c ng ph n m m Step7 cng xc nh lun cho ta a ch t ng module. Ch ng h n Step7 c h tr vi c tch c c ng t theo th i i m cho module CPU module ny pht m t tn hi u ng t g i kh i OB10 m t l n vo ng ngy 16/02/2003 lc 10 gi 30 pht. lm c i u ny ta nhy p chu t t i tn c a module CPU v tr 2 r i ch n Time-Of-Day Interrupt, trn mn hnh s xu t hi n h p h i tho i nh hnh 3-12. i n th i i m, t n su t pht tn hi u ng t r i nh d u tch c c ch ng t vo cc tng ng trong h p h i tho i. Cu i cng n phm OK.
103
Figure 3.8
t tham s cho Modul CPU Cng trong h p h i tho i ta th y module CPU314 ch cho php s d ng OB10 trong s cc module OB10 - OB17 v i m c u tin l ch a chng trnh x l tn hi u ng t theo th i i m. Cc ch lm vi c khc c a module CPU cng c quy nh nh Step7. V d s a i th i gian vng qut c c i cho php t gi tr m c nh 150ms thnh 100 ms, ta ch n Cycle/Clock memory trong h p h i tho i r i s a n i dung Scan time thnh 100. Hon ton tng t ta cng c th s d ng Step7 quy nh ch lm vi c cho cc module m r ng khc, nh xc nh ch lm vi c v i d ng tn hi u i n p, v i d i ? 5V cho module AI:
104
L P TRINH STEP 7
Figure 3.9
3.3 So n th o chng trnh3

3.3.1 Cc thi t b l p trnh
Thi t b l p trnh c s d ng nh p chng trnh c n thi t vo b nh c a b x l. Chng trnh c vi t trn thi t b ny, sau c chuy n n b nh c a PLC. Thi t b ny khng k t n i c nh v i PLC v c th chuy n t thi t b i u khi n ny sang thi t b i u khi n khc. PLC v n hnh m khng c n k t n i v i thi t b l p trnh C hai lo i thi t b l p trnh l thi t b l p trnh PG v thi t b l p trnh PC Thi t b l p trnh PG: y l lo i thi t b l p trnh c m tay, c bn phm nh v mn hnh tinh th l ng. Cc thi t b l p trnh c m tay th ng c b nh lu gi chng trnh trong khi chuy n t v tr ny sang v tr khc. Thi t b l p trnh PC: L cc my tnh c nhn c ci t ph n m m v c thi t l p c u hnh nh cc tr m c a PLC.u i m chnh khi s d ng my tnh l cc chng trnh c th lu trn a c ng ho c a m m d dng, nh c i m l vi c l p trnh kh th c hi n. Chng trnh ch c chuy n vo b nh c a PLC khi c vi t hon ch nh trn thi t b l p trnh.
3 This
105
3.3.2 So n th o trn cc kh i chng trnh

T t c cc kh i Logic (OB, FC, FB, DB) ch a chng trnh ng d ng s n m trong th m c Block. 3.3.2.1 So n th o chng trnh cho kh i OB1: Ch c nng chng trnh so n th o c a Step7 v c b n cng gi ng nh cc chng trnh so n th o khc, t c l cng c cc phm nng g nhanh, c ch c t v dn, c ch ki m tra l i c php l nh.
Figure 3.10
khai bo v so n th o chng trnh cho cc kh i OB khc ho c cho cc kh i FC, FB ho c DB, ta c th t o m t kh i m i ngay tr c ti p t chng trnh so n th o. Cc b c so n th o m t kh i logic cho chng trnh ng d ng c tm t t nh sau: - T o kh i logic ho c t c a s mn hnh chnh c a Step7 b ng cch ch n Einfuegen (Insert) trn thanh cng c r i vo S7 Block d ch n lo i kh i logic mong mu n ( OB, FB, FC ) ho c vo chng trnh so n th o r i t kch bi u t ng New. - Thi t k local block cho kh i logic v a t o. V i t t c cc kh i hon thnh cng vi c thi t k Local Block ta c n ph i ch vi c khai bo theo b ng sau:
106
L P TRINH STEP 7
Figure 3.11
So n th o chng trnh: chng trnh c th c so n th o theo r t nhi u ngn ng khc nhau v d : FBD, LAD, STL.... 3.3.2.2 So n th o m t chng trnh trong kh i logic FC1: Ta th c hi n cc b c nh sau:
107 3.3.2.2.1 T o kh i:
Figure 3.12
T o m t kh i logic m i Sau khi ch n th m c nh hnh v trn trn mn hnh s hi n ra m t c a s sau:
108
L P TRINH STEP 7
Figure 3.13
t tn v ch n ch lm vi c cho kh i logic m i Trong h p h i tho i cho php ta ch n tn c a FC v d FC2. Trong th c t Step7 lun m c nh th t c a cc FC v ta ch c n OK n u ta ch p nh n tn nh m c nh, ngoi ra ta cn c th ch n ch vi t chng trnh trong kh i hm FC2 d i d ng FBD, LAD hay STL. Cu i cng ta nh n nt OK. Trn mn hnh s xu t hi n c a s chnh c a Step7 nh sau:
109
Figure 3.14
G i mn hnh so n th o so n th o chng trnh trong FC2 ta ch c n nh y p chu t tri vo bi u t ng c a FC2 v l p t c s hi n ra c a s so n th o chng trnh cho FC2:
110
L P TRINH STEP 7
Figure 3.15
111
Figure 3.16
3.3.2.2.2 Xy d ng Local block: Trong c a s mn hnh so n th o ta xy d ng local block cho kh i FC2 nh sau:
112
L P TRINH STEP 7
Figure 3.17
Nh p d li u vo kh i Lokal block c a kh i FC 3.3.2.2.3 So n th o chng trnh: Ton b chng trnh c th vi t trong kh i logic FC2 nh sau:
113
Figure 3.18
So n th o chng trnh trong kh i logic FC1 3.3.2.3 So n th o chng trnh cho kh i FB. 3.3.2.3.1 T o kh i FB: Ta c th t o kh i FB b ng cch t c a s mn hnh chnh c a Step7 ta dng chu t ph i v ch n cc i t ng nh hnh sau:
114
L P TRINH STEP 7
Figure 3.19
Sau khi ch n th m c Funktionsblock trn mn hnh xu t hi n m t c a s : Trong c a s ta c n ph i t tn cho kh i FB m ta m i ch n v d FB1 (thng th ng S7 t gn cho m t tn theo th t m ng i l p trnh ch n khi n u ng ta ch c n nh n nt OK). Ngoi ra ta cn c th t tn cho kh i FB; v d : test_1, ch n cch vi t chng trnh STL, LAD, FBD hay S7-GRAPH,..... Sau khi i n cc thng tin vo c a s mn hnh ta nh n nt OK. Mu n so n th o chng trnh trong kh i FB ta ch c n nh n p chu t tri vo bi u t ng FB trn mn hnh chnh. Sau khi th c hi n xong b c ny ta s c c a s so n th o chng trnh cho kh i FB1 v cng vi c ti p theo cng c th c hi n gi ng nh ta th c hi n i v i kh i FC trn, l cc b c nh xy d ng Local block, so n th o chng trnh.
115
Figure 3.20
Ch n ngn ng vi t chng trnh trong kh i FB1 3.3.2.3.2 Th t c g i kh i FB: V kh i FB bao gi cng lm vi c v i kh i d li u DB dng lu gi n i dung cc bi n ki u STAT c a Local block. V v y th c hi n vi c g i kh i FB ta ph i t tn cho kh i d li u DB tng ng. L nh g i kh i hm FB nh sau:
116
L P TRINH STEP 7
Figure 3.21
Tu theo nhu c u s d ng m ta s d ng m t , hai hay nhi u kh i DB ta ph i t tn cho kh i DB m ta v a ch n v d DB1, DB2,... Sau khi ch n xong b c trn ta c th so n th o chng trnh cho kh i DB1 v DB2 nh sau:
117
Figure 3.22
Mn hnh so n th o trong kh i FBs
3.3.3 S d ng bi n hnh th c:
Step7 cung c p m t kh nng s d ng tn hnh th c trong l p trnh thay v cc k hi u a ch , ch s kh i FB, FC,...kh nh . Cc tn hnh th c c thay b i m t a ch hay m t tn kh i tu theo ng i l p trnh t t. lm c i u ny, ng i l p trnh c n ph i khai bo tr c trong m t b ng c tn l Symbols. Kch chu t vo th m c m c a Block, y l th m c v i tn m c nh l S7 Program(1), sau nhy phm chu t tri t i bi u t ng Symbole nh hnh v ta s c mn hnh so n th o b ng cc tn hnh th c sau:
118
L P TRINH STEP 7
Figure 3.23
S d ng bi n hnh th c
Figure 3.24
119 Ghi cc k hi u bi n hnh th c vo b ng Symbol Sau khi i n y tn hnh th c, a ch nh m n thay th ( h u h t ki u d li u u c S7 t xc nh cn c vo a ch nh ) v c t vo Project, ta s quay tr l i mn hnh chnh c a S7. M m t kh i chng trnh, v d OB1 v ch n bi u t ng dng bi n hnh th c ta s chuy n sang d ng so n th o v i nh ng bi n hnh th c nh t s n trong b ng Symbole.
Figure 3.25
Mn hnh so n th o v i cc tn bi n hnh th c Mu n quay tr v s d ng l i cc k hi u a ch tuy t i ta nh n l i nt ch n ban u l bi u t ng ny n m trn thanh cng c .
3.4 Ch y th , n p chng trnh xu ng ph n c ng, gim st ho t ng c a chng trnh4

Tr c khi kh i ng h th ng c n ph i ch c ch n dy n i t plc n cc thi t b ngo i vi l ng, trong qu trnh ch y ki m tra c th c n thi t ph i th c hi n cc b c tinh ch nh h th ng nh m m b o an ton khi a vo ho t ng th c t . lm c i u ny ta c th s d ng m t s cc ph n m m sau: PLC-SIM, SPS VISU,. . .
4 This
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L P TRINH STEP 7
3.4.1 N p chng trnh xu ng ph n c ng

N p chng trnh so n th o t PC xu ng CPU: Chng trnh sau khi so n th o c n c truy n xu ng CPU. Ch : Khi n p chng trnh c n ph i t CPU tr ng thi Stop ho c t CPU tr ng thi RUN-P. 3.4.1.1 Xo chng trnh c trong CPU: th c hi n vi c n p chng trnh m i t PC xu ng CPU ta c n th c hi n cng vi c xo chng trnh c s n trong CPU. i u ny ta th c hi n cc b c nh sau: a tr ng thi c a CPU v STOP T mn hnh chnh c a Step7 ta ch n l nh
Figure 3.26
3.4.1.2 N p chng trnh S d ng bi u t ng n p chng trnh trn thanh cng c c a menu chnh v th c hi n tr l i y cc cu h i c a ph n m m.
121
3.4.2 Gim st ho t ng c a chng trnh

Sau khi n p chng trnh so n th o xu ng CPU lc ny chng trnh c ghi vo b nh c a CPU. Khi ta c th tch r i PC v CPU c a S7 m chng trnh v n ho t ng bnh th ng. th c hi n vi c quan st qu trnh ho t ng c a chng trnh v CPU ta s d ng ch c nng gim st chng trnh b ng cch nh n vo bi u t ng ny trn thanh cng c . Sau khi ch n ch c nng gim st chng trnh ny th trn mn hnh s xu t hi n m t c a s sau: Tu theo ki u vi t chng trnh m ta nh n c s khc nhau v ki u hi n th trn mn hnh (D i y s d ng ki u vi t chng trnh FBD).
Figure 3.27
Quan st qu trnh ho t ng Ngoi ra ta cn c th quan st c n i dung c a nh . Nh ng nh mu n quan st c n ph i khai bo trong b ng Variable.
122
L P TRINH STEP 7
Figure 3.28
Quan st n i dung c a nh Sau khi khai bo t t c cc bi n c n quan st ta kch vo phm quan st trn mn hnh xu t hi n c a s nh hnh trn. Tu theo yu c u m ta kch vo phm quan st tng ng trn mn hnh s hi n th n i dung c a nh t i th i i m hi n t i hay lin t c quan st theo t ng th i i m.
Chng 4
Chng 4 : L a ch n, l p t, ki m tra v b o tr h th ng
4.1 L a ch n, l p t, ki m tra v b o tr h th ng1
4.1.1 XEM XT TNH KH THI
D a vo quy m c a h th ng, n u h th ng s n xu t theo dy chuy n th c th phn dy chuy n ra lm nhi u c m d a trn c i m cng ngh . Sao cho m i c m lm vi c tng i c l p nhau, kho ng cch dy n i n c m bi n v c c u ch p hnh khng v t qu chi u di quy nh tng ng v i t ng lo i, s I/O h p l n m trong kho ng m cc lo i PLC nh cho php.
4.1.2 TRNH T
THI T K
TH NG PLC
Trnh t thi t k h th ng th c hi n qua cc b c sau: 1. T m i c m c chia trong ph n xem xt s kh thi c a h th ng ti n hnh phn tch chi ti t quy trnh cng ngh , h truy n ng v trang b i n. M t chi ti t s lin ng gi a cc ph n t c a h th ng trn c s thnh l p gi n th i gian hay lu thu t ton c bi t ph i ch n cc l i c th x y ra trong qu trnh my ang ho t ng bnh th ng. 2. Tnh ch n thi t b c m bi n v c c u ch p hnh: N u u vo ch c ch c nng logic 0&1 th tnh ch n cho u vo s . N u c ch c nng phn tch tn hi u ph c v cho vi c gim st (nhi t , m, m c, lu l ng, kh i l ng, l c tc d ng. . .) ho c i u khi n c ph n h i th ph i tnh ch n cho u vo analog. N u i u ch nh ng c theo phng php PID loop th ph i tnh ch n cho u ra analog. C c u ch p hnh l Piton thu l c hay kh nn th ph i tnh ch n van thu ho c kh tng ng. i u khi n cc van ny ph i tnh ch n cho u ra s , ngo i tr cc van ti t lu ho c van ph n trm i u khi n thng qua ng c th c th tnh ch n bi n t n ho c b i u ch nh tng ng v i ng c. Ngoi ra c th dng PID loop i u khi n cc van , lc ph i tnh ch n cho d u ra analog. C c u ch p hnh l ng c ph i xem xt c c n thi t ph i i u khi n t c khng. N u c th ph i tnh ch n bi n t n, b i u ch nh i n p n u l ng c m t chi u hay module i u khi n v tr n u l ng c b c. Xem xt c c n thi t ph i k t n i bi n t n v i PLC khng? N u ch n thu n l vi c kh i ng v d ng ng c th khng nh t thi t ph i k t n i qua c ng truy n thng m ch c n dng cc u ra s l . N u c n thi t gim st dng i n, i n p, nhi t . . . ho c t l i gi tr t c th ph i k t n i bi n t n v i PLC thng qua c ng truy n thng theo giao th c ring c a hng. Hi n hai giao th c c s d ng thng d ng nh t i v i bi n t n MicroMaster 430, 440 l USS protocol v Mudbus protocol.
1 This
123
124
CHNG 4. CHNG 4 : L A CH N, L P T, KI M TRA V B O TR H TH NG Tnh ch n cng t c, nt n trn panel i u khi n b ng tay. Ngoi ra cn ph i xem xt dng ra c a c c u ch p hnh: Ich > 1.5A i v i PLC lo i DC/DC/RLY; Ich > 0.2A i v i lo i DC/DC/DC th nh t thi t ph i thng qua h r le trung gian, Transistor, Tiristor hay Triac. 3. Tnh ch n PLC: Cc ng d ng s d ng u ra pht xung nhanh th nh t thi t ph i ch n PLC u ra Transistor (lo i DC/DC/DC). N u khng s d ng cho cc ng d ng c u ra pht xung nhanh th nn ch n PLC lo i u ra l rle (lo i DC/DC/RLY). V lo i ny n gi n hn trong vi c giao ti p v i c c u ch p hnh. Tnh t ng s :
Figure 4.1
Xem xt n u s d ng c ng truy n thng vo nh ng m c ch nh i u khi n bi n t n, k t n i panel, OPs (Operation), PC hay m ng th nn s d ng PLC c hai c ng truy n thng PPI nh CPU 2224XP, 226, 226XM. 4. N u h th ng lm vi c dy chuy n th ph i thi t k m ng k t n i cc PLC l i v i nhau. Quy trnh thi t k v ch y m ng s nu r hn mn h c m ng truy n thng cng nghi p, trong gio trnh ny ch gi i h n trn 1 PLC.
4.1.3 THI T K
CHNG TRNH TRN PLC
Trnh t thi t k chng trnh c a PLC th c hi n theo cc b c sau y: 1. Trn c s gi n th i gian hay lu thu t ton d a theo bi ton cng ngh phn tch ph n 8.2. Ti n hnh phn chia a ch vo/ra, thi t l p nh ng vng nh ph c v cho qu trnh x l d li u. Li t k cc b m, b nh th i c n thi t ph i s d ng trong chng trnh, cc bit, byte. . . trong vng nh c bi t. Li t k cc chng trnh con, chng trnh x l ng t... 2. Sau ti n hnh bin d ch t gi n th i gian hay lu thu t ton sang ngn ng c a PLC. 3. C th dng cc cng t c v n Led hay dng ph n m m PLCsim cho S7-200 ch y th chng trnh ch offline. Trn c s xem xt, nh gi m c t i u c a chng trnh. Chng trnh c n ph i c vi t ng n g n (nh t l cc chng trnh x l ng t) v tin c y, c bi t c n ph i c cc chng trnh x l s c .
4.1.4 T
CH C, B
TR PH N C NG H
TH NG
H th ng PLC bao g m: Module ngu n, module CPU, Module m r ng t t c u c l p trn gi theo ch n DIN nh trong hnh v 1 v 2.
125
Figure 4.2: Gi l p t PLC theo chu n DIN
hai m t giao ti p v i dy n i c a c m bi n v c c u ch p hnh, khng gian t i thi u ph i 25mm. C th l p t cc Rack theo chi u ng ho c ngang. S rack khng v t qu hai rack. Kho ng cch gi a hai m t tr c v sau t khng c nh hn 75mm. PLC ph i t trong khng gian tng i thong, t b i. Trong cc t i n th ng ph i c qu t thng gi.
Figure 4.3: Kho ng cch l p t cho php c a PLC trong t i n
126
CHNG 4. CHNG 4 : L A CH N, L P T, KI M TRA V B O TR H TH NG
4.1.5 CH Y TH
CHNG TRNH
y l qu trnh ch y th t trn my ch online. Tr c khi ch y ch ny ph i th c hi n cc b c sau: 1. Ki m tra m c ti p xc dy n i cng nh a ch u vo c a cng t c, nt nh n, cng t c hnh trnh d a vo cc n tr ng thi trn u vo c a PLC. Dng ng h o c cc tn hi u tng t . 2. Ki m tra dy n i n cc c c u ch p hnh l n cu i tr c khi cho ch y th nghi m. Xem xt ch c ch n u n i ng theo s hay cha. Ki m tra i n p trn cc c c u ch p hnh xem th t cha. 3. C th vi t t ng o n chng trnh nh ki m tra tr ng thi ho t ng c a t ng u ra, nh t l i v i cc c c u thu l c v kh nn. B c ny g i l b c ch y n ng. Th ng th c hi n cho nh ng my mc c cng ngh tng i ph c t p. Cc my n gi n c th b qua b c ny. a cc c c u v tr l i tr ng thi ban u (ng v i quy trnh thi t k theo gi n th i gian hay lu thu t ton). 4. N p chng trnh vo PLC v ch y lin ng ton b h th ng. Xem xt, nh gi m c tin c y c a chng trnh n u cha t t th c th hi u ch nh thm m t vi l n n a.
4.1.6 XAY D NG TI LI U CHO H

4.1.6.1 L p ti li u theo cc gi sau:
TH NG
1. Ti li u chung cho h th ng nh: Ti li u v ph n c ng v ph n m m c a PLC, ng c, bi n t n. . . 2. Ti li u l p t: Cc b n v , ti li u h ng d n l p t cng nh ti li u v cch ci t ph n m m v ch y th nghi m h th ng. 3. Ti li u v n hnh: H ng d n cc quy trnh v n hnh my. 4. Ti li u b o d ng.
Tham gia ng gp
127
Tham gia ng gp
Ti li u: L p trnh PLC Bin so n b i: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn URL: http://voer.edu.vn/content/col10164/1.1/ Gi y php: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Module: "M U" Tc gi : Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn URL: http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14656/1.1/ Trang: 1-2 B n quy n: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn Gi y php: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Module: "L ch s pht tri n" Tc gi : Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn URL: http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14657/1.1/ Trang: 2-4 B n quy n: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn Gi y php: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Module: "C u trc v nguyn l lm vi c c a PLC" Tc gi : Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn URL: http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14662/1.1/ Trang: 4-9 B n quy n: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn Gi y php: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Module: "Phn lo i" Tc gi : Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn URL: http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14665/1.1/ Trang: 9-26 B n quy n: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn Gi y php: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Module: "H th ng Module" Tc gi : Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn URL: http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14664/1.1/ Trang: 26-37 B n quy n: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn Gi y php: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Module: "C u trc b nh " Tc gi : Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn URL: http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14927/1.1/ Trang: 37-43 B n quy n: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn Gi y php: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
128 Module: "Gi i thi u cc ngn ng l p trnh" Tc gi : Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn URL: http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14928/1.1/ Trang: 45-47 B n quy n: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn Gi y php: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Module: "Chu trnh lm vi c, l p trnh v c u trc chng trnh" Tc gi : Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn URL: http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14931/1.1/ Trang: 47-52 B n quy n: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn Gi y php: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Module: "Nhm l nh logic ti p i m" Tc gi : Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn URL: http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14933/1.1/ Trang: 53-57 B n quy n: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn Gi y php: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Module: "B m (Counter)" Tc gi : Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn URL: http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14934/1.1/ Trang: 57-61 B n quy n: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn Gi y php: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Module: "B th i gian (Timer)" Tc gi : Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn URL: http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14936/1.1/ Trang: 61-71 B n quy n: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn Gi y php: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Module: "Cc hm so snh" Tc gi : Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn URL: http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14938/1.1/ Trang: 71-74 B n quy n: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn Gi y php: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Module: "Cc hm ton h c" Tc gi : Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn URL: http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14939/1.1/ Trang: 74-82 B n quy n: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn Gi y php: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Tham gia ng gp
Tham gia ng gp Module: "Hm di chuy n d li u" Tc gi : Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn URL: http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14940/1.1/ Trang: 82-88 B n quy n: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn Gi y php: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Module: "Hm logic th c hi n trn thanh ghi" Tc gi : Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn URL: http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14941/1.1/ Trang: 88-92 B n quy n: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn Gi y php: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Module: "L nh lm vi c v i tn hi u tng t " Tc gi : Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn URL: http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14943/1.1/ Trang: 92-93 B n quy n: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn Gi y php: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Module: "CI T STEP 7" Tc gi : Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn URL: http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14945/1.1/ Trang: 95-96 B n quy n: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn Gi y php: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Module: "So n th o m t Project m i" Tc gi : Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn URL: http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14947/1.1/ Trang: 96-104 B n quy n: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn Gi y php: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Module: "So n th o chng trnh" Tc gi : Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn URL: http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14949/1.1/ Trang: 104-119 B n quy n: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn Gi y php: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Module: "Ch y th , n p chng trnh xu ng ph n c ng, gim st ho t ng c a chng trnh" Tc gi : Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn URL: http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14951/1.1/ Trang: 119-122 B n quy n: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn Gi y php: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
129
130 Module: "L a ch n, l p t, ki m tra v b o tr h th ng" Tc gi : Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn URL: http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14953/1.1/ Trang: 123-126 B n quy n: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn Gi y php: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Tham gia ng gp
Hoc lieu Mo Vietnam - Vietnam Open Educational Resources H c li u m Vi t Nam l h tr vi c qu n l, t o, lu tr ti li u gio d c hi u qu .

PLC Hung Yen

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PLC Hung Yen

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L p trnh PLC

B i: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn

B i: Khoa CNTT HSP KT Hng Yn

Phin b n tr c tuy n: < http://voer.edu.vn/content/col10164/1.1/ >

Hoc lieu Mo Vietnam - Vietnam Open Educational Resources

Chng 1: T ng quan v PLC

content is available online at <http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14656/1.1/>.

CHNG 1. CHNG 1: T NG QUAN V

1.2 L ch s pht tri n2

content is available online at <http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14657/1.1/>.

CHNG 1. CHNG 1: T NG QUAN V

1.3 C u trc v nguyn l lm vi c c a PLC3

content is available online at <http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14662/1.1/>.

5 1.3.1.1 Kh i x l trung tm:

CHNG 1. CHNG 1: T NG QUAN V

CHNG 1. CHNG 1: T NG QUAN V

1.3.3 u nh c i m c a PLC trong cng nghi p

ng d ng c a PLC trong cng nghi p

content is available online at <http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14665/1.1/>.

CHNG 1. CHNG 1: T NG QUAN V

M t lo i micro-PLC khc l lo i x ri 90 c a Fanuc. Lo i ny c 8 knh vo v 8 knh ra.

CHNG 1. CHNG 1: T NG QUAN V

Lo i PLC CQM1 hay CQMIH c a Omron trn hnh c 512 knh vo ra

CHNG 1. CHNG 1: T NG QUAN V

CHNG 1. CHNG 1: T NG QUAN V

CHNG 1. CHNG 1: T NG QUAN V

Hnh 1.13a.C u trc c a S7-400

CHNG 1. CHNG 1: T NG QUAN V

CPM1A, CPM2A - Lo i Micro PLC thng d ng

CP1H - Lo i Compact PLC cao c p (All-In-One)

CHNG 1. CHNG 1: T NG QUAN V

CHNG 1. CHNG 1: T NG QUAN V

PAC S n ph m tch h p gi a PLC v WinCC l p trnh i u khi n v m ph ng h th ng i u khi n t ng

CHNG 1. CHNG 1: T NG QUAN V

1.5 C u trc ph n c ng PLC S7-300

content is available online at <http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14664/1.1/>.

CHNG 1. CHNG 1: T NG QUAN V

CHNG 1. CHNG 1: T NG QUAN V

32 1.5.1.2 Module ngu n nui (PS)

CHNG 1. CHNG 1: T NG QUAN V

Module ra s : SM 322; DO 32 _ 24 VDC/0.5 A, 8*4 nhm SM 322; DO 16 _ 24 VDC/0.5 A, 8*2 nhm

1.5.1.4 Module vo/ ra SM 323; DI 16/DO 16 _ 24 VDC/0.5 A SM 323; DI 8/DO 8 _ 24 VDC/0.5 A

CHNG 1. CHNG 1: T NG QUAN V

trn module, k t h p v i t v tr c a module t m o (b n v tr A, B, C, D) n u khng c n thay i th c th s d ng ngay

truy n thng (CM)

Module ph c v truy n thng trong m ng gi a cc PLC v i nhau ho c gi a PLC v i my tnh

CHNG 1. CHNG 1: T NG QUAN V

content is available online at <http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14927/1.1/>.

CHNG 1. CHNG 1: T NG QUAN V

41 Kch th c cc vng nh ty thu c vo t ng lo i PLC

CHNG 1. CHNG 1: T NG QUAN V

CHNG 1. CHNG 1: T NG QUAN V

Chng 2 : Ngn ng l p trnh v ng d ng

2.1.1 Ngn ng b ng l nh (STL)

content is available online at <http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14928/1.1/>.

CHNG 2. CHNG 2 : NGN NG

2.1.2 Ngn ng s thang (LAD)

2.2 Chu trnh lm vi c, l p trnh v c u trc chng trnh2

content is available online at <http://voer.edu.vn/content/m14931/1.1/>.

CHNG 2. CHNG 2 : NGN NG

CHNG 2. CHNG 2 : NGN NG

2.2.2 Chu trnh lm vi c

CHNG 2. CHNG 2 : NGN NG

Module ra s : SM 322; DO 32 _ 24 VDC/0.5 A, 84 nhm SM 322; DO 16 _ 24 VDC/0.5 A, 82 nhm