Cc cng c c vit trong tag ny s gip bn ci thin tr nh.

Khng nhng c th nh cc thng tin mt cch chnh xc, bn s nh c c cu trc ca thng tin. Vic hc cch ghi nh c chia thnh 2 giai on. u tin bn s hc cc k thut ghi nh, sau l thc hnh bng cch s dng chng ghi nh nhng con ngi, nhng ci tn, nhng ngn ng, cc thng tin cho mt k thi, v.v... Cng ging nh mi cng c khc, cng thc hnh nhiu bn s cng s dng chng hiu qu. Ti s gii thiu nhiu phng php ghi nh vn c nhng ngi biu din tr nh s dng. Nu n lc luyn tp y bn s c th c tr nh tt nh h. K c nu khng c thi gian t c trnh nh vy th cc k thut ny vn hu ch cho bn trong i sng hng ngy. Cc quy tc d nh

Quy tc d nh l mt cch khc dng ch cng c ghi nh. Cc quy tc d nh l cc k thut gip ghi nh cc thng tin m bnh thng kh l kh nh, v d nh s ngy ca cc thng trong nm.

Mc ch ca vic s dng cc quy tc d nh l m ha nhng thng tin kh nh theo mt cch d ghi nh hn.

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Trc y b no ca chng ta pht trin m ha v gii thch nhng s kch thch phc tp, v d nh cc hnh nh, mu sc, cu trc, m thanh, mi v, xc gic, v tr, cm xc v ngn ng. Chng ta s dng nhng s kch thch ny lp nn nhng m hnh phc tp v th gii chng ta ang sng. Tr nh ca chng ta lu tr chng rt hiu qu. Khng may l ngy nay rt nhiu thng tin m chng ta phi ghi nh li c th hin theo mt cch khc, c th l qua nhng ch c in hoc vit trn giy. Mc d vit l mt phng php tinh vi v hiu qu trong vic vic chuyn ti nhng l lun phc tp, b no ca chng ta li khng th d dng m ha nhng thng tin c vit ra, khin vic ghi nh nhng thng tin ny tr nn kh khn. Vy phi lm th no ghi nh thng tin mt cch hiu qu? S dng ton b tm tr ghi nh tng quan trng y l: bng vic s dng nhng hnh nh sinh ng trong tm tr m ha thng tin, bn s c th m ha chng mt cch ng tin cy c v ni dung v cu trc. V bi nhng hnh nh l sinh ng, bn s d dng nh ra chng khi cn. Nhng k thut c gii thiu sau y trong tag ny s gip bn m ha thng tin mt cch sinh ng bng cch s dng nhng cu chuyn, nhng hnh nh bn vng trong tm tr, nhng hnh trnh quen thuc, v.v Bn c th lm nhng iu sau y khin cc quy tc d nh ca bn d ghi nh hn:

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- S dng nhng hnh nh r rng v th v. (B no ca bn thng pht l nhng iu ng ght). - S dng nhng hnh nh r rng, nhiu mu sc v tc ng n nhiu gic quan (bi chng d nh hn l nhng hnh nh u u bun t). - S dng tt c cc gic quan m ha thng tin hoc lm mt hnh nh tr nn d nh hn. Nn nh rng quy tc d nh ca bn c th cha ng m thanh, mi, v, xc gic, chuyn ng, cm xc v hnh nh. - To cho hnh nh cn nh ca bn c 3 chiu, c chuyn ng v c khng gian n sinh ng hn. Bn c th s dng chuyn ng duy tr dng lin tng hoc ghi nh cc hnh ng. - Phng i kch c ca cc phn quan trng trong hnh nh. - S dng s hi hc! Nhng iu bun ci v k d thng d nh hn nhng th bnh thng. - Tng t, nhng giai iu mnh m thng rt kh qun! - Nhng biu tng (n giao thng, ngn tay ang ch, bin bo giao thng, v.v) c th dng m ha rt nhanh v hiu qu nhng thng ip kh phc tp. Thit k cc quy tc d nh: S tng tng, S kt hp v S nh v

3 nguyn l c bn ca vic s dng cc quy tc d nh l: s tng tng, s kt hp v s nh v. Dng nhng nguyn l ny cng vi nhau bn s c th lp ra nhng h thng hiu qu v cc quy tc d nh. S tng tng: l nhng g bn s dng to ra v tng cng nhng s kt hp cn thit nhm c c nhng quy tc d nh hiu qu. S tng tng ca bn l nhng g bn dng to ra nhng quy tc d nh ph hp vi bn. Bn cng tng tng v hnh dung nhiu hn v mt tnh hung th n s khc su vo tm tr bn hn ri sau bn s c th nh li. Hnh nh c s dng trong cc quy tc d nh ca bn c th d di, sinh ng hoc tc ng n gic quan nhiu n mc no cng c, min l n gip bn ghi nh. S kt hp: y l phng php theo bn lin kt mt th cn phi nh vi mt cch ghi nh n. Bn c th to ra s kt hp bng cch: - t chng ln nhau. - chng va chm vi nhau. - Kt hp cc hnh nh vi nhau. - chng bao bc ln nhau. - Lm chng xoay quanh nhau hoc chng nhy ma cng nhau. - Kt ni chng bng cch s dng mu sc, mi v, hnh dng hoc cm xc. V d, bn c th kt ni s 1 vi mt con c vng bng cch hnh dung mt mi xin c hnh dng ging s 1 ang c s dng xin con c. S nh v: cho bn 2 th: th nht l mt khung cnh mch lc bn c th t cc thng tin ln sao cho chng hin ra cng nhau, th hai l mt cch phn chia cc

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phng php d nh. Bng vic b tr mt phng php d nh trong mt th trn ring bit, ta c th phn bit n vi mt phng php d nh tng t c t trong mt thnh ph. V d, bng vic t mt phng php Wimbledon v mt phng php tng t Manhattan chng ta s c th phn bit chng m khng b ln. Bn c th s dng nhng mi v v khng kh ca nhng a im ny trong cc phng php d nh ca bn tng cng cm xc v s nh v. Dragonball88 Xem H s Gi tin nhn n Dragonball88 Tm Bi gi bi Dragonball88 #2 (permalink) 10-16-2009, 11:01 Dragonball88 Senior Member

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Phng php lin kt v phng php k chuyn - Ghi nh mt danh sch n gin

Phng php lin kt l mt trong nhng k thut nh d hc nht. Bn c th s dng n bng cch to nn nhng s lin kt n gin gia nhng vt trong mt danh sch, ni chng li bng mt hnh nh sinh ng cha ng nhng vt ny. Ly hnh nh u tin, to ra mt s kt ni gia n vi vt k tip ri c kt ni mt vt vi vt k tip nh th cho n ht danh sch. Phng php k chuyn cng rt ging th, phng php ny kt ni cc vt li vi nhau bng mt cu chuyn d nh miu t chng. Dng chy ca cu chuyn v s mnh m ca nhng hnh nh s cho bn nhng gi nh li. Lm th no s dng cc phng php trn? Bn c th ch s dng mi phng php lin kt nh mt danh sch cc t. Tuy nhin tt hn l nn gn cc s lin kt vi mt cu chuyn, nu khng th khi qun mt mt s lin kt bn s qun ton b phn cn li ca danh sch. Vi cu trc lng lo ca phng php lin kt (so vi cc h thng cht m s c

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gii thch sau), iu quan trng l cc hnh nh c lu gi trong tm tr bn phi cng sinh ng cng tt. Hy c bi gii thiu bit thm v vic to ra cc hnh nh mnh m v d nh. Khi mt t bn mun ghi nh khng gi ra nhng hnh nh mnh m, hy s dng mt hoc nhiu t tng t m s gi bn nh n t . V d: Bn phi nh mt danh sch ca cc ht min Nam nc Anh: Avon, Dorset, Somerset, Cornwall, Wiltshire, Devon, Gloucestershire, Hampshire and Surrey. Bn c th thc hin iu ny theo 2 cch: dng phng php lin kt v dng phng php k chuyn. Vi phng php lin kt: Bn s da vo mt chui nhng hnh nh c dng m ha thng tin: An AVON (Avon) lady knocking on a heavy oak DOoR (Dorset)

The DOoR opening to show a beautiful SuMmER landscape with a SETting sun (Somerset) The setting sun shines down onto a field of CORN (Cornwall) The CORN is so dry it is beginning to WILT (Wiltshire)

The WILTing stalks slowly droop onto the tail of the sleeping DEVil (Devon).

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On the DEVil's horn a woman has impaled a GLOSsy (Gloucestershire) HAM (Hampshire) when she hit him over the head with it Now the Devil feels SoRRY (Surrey) he bothered her.

Ch rng trong phng php ny khng nht thit phi c bt c l l hay ct truyn no cho th t ca cc hnh nh, ch c cc hnh nh v cc lin kt gia chng mi l quan trng. Vi phng php k chuyn:

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Theo cch ny bn c th m ha thng tin bng cch tng tng mt cch sng ng ra cu chuyn sau: An AVON lady is walking up a path towards a strange house. She is hot and sweating slightly in the heat of high SUMMER (Somerset). Beside the path someone has planted giant CORN in a WALL (Cornwall), but it's beginning to WILT (Wiltshire) in the heat. She knocks on the DOoR (Dorset), which is opened by the DEVil (Devon). In the background she can see a kitchen in which a servant is smearing honey on a HAM (Hampshire), making it GLOSsy (Gloucestershire) and gleam in bright sunlight

streaming in through a window. Panicked by seeing the Devil, the Avon lady screams 'SoRRY' (Surrey), and dashes back down the path. Nhng chnh:

Phng php lin kt rt c th l phng php nh c bn nht, n rt d hiu v s dng. Phng php ny m ha thng tin cn phi nh thnh nhng hnh nh v lin kt nhng hnh nh li vi nhau. Phng php k chuyn rt ging phng php lin kt, n lin kt nhng hnh nh thnh mt cu chuyn. iu ny gip gi nhng s kin theo mt th t hp l v c th ci thin kh nng nh li thng tin ca bn khi bn qun mt s ni tip ca cc hnh nh. C hai phng php u rt n gin v d hc. Tuy nhin khng may l chng c phn no khng ng tin cy bi vic qun cc hnh nh hoc nhm ln th t gia cc hnh nh l d xy ra. Dragonball88 Xem H s Gi tin nhn n Dragonball88 Tm Bi gi bi Dragonball88 #3 (permalink) 10-16-2009, 11:02

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Dragonball88 Senior Member

Phng php nh theo s/vn - Ghi nh nhng danh sch n gin c th t - Mt h thng cht ph bin -

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Ngy gia nhp: Oct 2009 Bi gi: 282 Thanks: 4 Thanked 3 Times in 3 Posts

Phng php nh theo s/vn l mt phng php n gin nh nhng danh sch c th t. N l mt v d ca vic s dng h thng cht - mt h thng m thng tin c "cht" vo mt chui lin tc bit ( y l cc s t 1 n 10) to ra nhng t cht. Bng vic thc hin iu ny bn c th m bo rng mnh s khng qun bt

c chi tit no, bi cc ch thiu st trong thng tin s ngay lp tc hin r. N cng khin vic nh cc hnh nh tr nn d dng hn bi bn lun bit mt phn ca cc hnh nh nh chui kia. mc n gin, bn c th s dng phng php ny nh nhng th nh danh sch cc nh vua ca nc Anh hay danh sch cc tng thng M theo mt th t chnh xc. mc phc tp, n c th c s dng, v d, m ha cc danh sch gm nhng th nghim cn nh cho mt k thi v khoa hc. Lm th no s dng phng php? Phng php nh theo s/vn gip bn lp nn nhng hnh nh trong tm tr, trong bn miu t cc s bng nhng hnh nh vn vi nhng s . T bn s c th lin kt nhng hnh nh ny vi nhng hnh nh ca nhng th cn phi ghi nh. Mt s sp xp theo vn thng thy l: 1. Bun 2. Shoe 3. Tree 4. Paw 5. Hive 6. Bricks 7. Heaven 8. Gate 9. Line 10. Hen

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Nu bn thy nhng hnh nh trn khng hay hoc khng khc su vo suy ngh th hy i chng thnh nhng th khc c ngha vi bn hn. Kt ni nhng hnh nh ny vi nhng hnh nh i din cho nhng th bn phi nh. Thng thng hnh nh phc hp cng ng nghch v bun ci th bn s cng nh n hn - xem bi gii thiu bit lm th no ci thin hnh nh nhm khin n hin ln r rng trong suy ngh ca bn. V d: Bn c th nh mt danh sch 10 trit gia Hi Lp theo th t thi gian nh sau: 1. Parmenides - a BUN topped with grated yellow PARMEsan cheese 2. Heraclitus - a SHOE worn by HERACLes (Greek Hercules) glowing with a bright LIghT 3. Empedocles - A TREE from which the M-shaped McDonalds arches hang hooking up a bicycle PEDal 4. Democritus - think of a PAW print on the voting form of a DEMOCRaTic election 5. Protagoras - A bee HIVE being positively punched through (GORed?) by an atomic PROTon 6. Socrates - BRICKS falling onto a SOCk (with a foot inside!) from a CRATe.

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7. Plato - Heaven is a PLATe with angel's wings flapping around a white cloud 8. Aristotle - a friend called hARRY clutching a bOTtLE of wine vaulting over a gate 9. Zeno - A LINE of ZEN Buddhists meditating 10. Epicurus - a HEN's egg being mixed into an EPIleptics's CURe.

Hy th hnh dung ra nhng hnh nh ny nh cch c gi trn, hoc nu bn khng thch chng, hy ngh ra nhng hnh nh ca ring bn. Sau khi bn lm iu ny, th vit nhng ci tn ca cc trit gia ra mt t giy. Bn nn lm iu ny bng vic ngh n con s, ri mt phn ca hnh nh gn vi con s , v sau l ton b hnh nh. Cui cng bn s c th gii m hnh nh c c tn ca trit gia. Nu phng php nh ny c tc dng, bn s khng nhng nh c tn ca tt c cc trit gia mt cch chnh xc m cn c th xc nh nhng ch no bn nh khng ng trt t. Hy th lm iu - n d dng hn l bn tng. Bn c th s dng mt h thng cht kiu ny nh mt nn tng cho cc kin thc ca c mt lnh vc. V d trn c th to nn mt nn tng cho kin thc v trit hc c i ca bn. Gi y bn c th gn nhng hnh nh i din cho cc cng trnh nghin cu, cc h thng v l thuyt ca mi trit gia vi nhng hnh nh m ha tn ca trit gia .

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Dragonball88 Xem H s #4 (permalink) 10-16-2009, 11:03 Dragonball88 Senior Member

Nhng chnh: Phng php nh theo s/vn l mt phng php rt hiu qu nh cc danh sch. N hot ng bng cch "cht" nhng th cn phi nh vi nhng hnh nh m vn vi nhng con s. Bng vic dng cc con s iu khin nhng s lin kt bn s c mt im khi u tt trong vic nh li nhng hnh nh, s bit nu c thng tin no b thiu, v s c th nht ra v tip tc chui t bt c on no trong danh sch.

Gi tin nhn n Dragonball88 Tm Bi gi bi Dragonball88

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Ngy gia nhp: Oct 2009 Bi gi: 282 Thanks: 4 Thanked 3 Times in 3 Posts

Phng php nh theo s/hnh dng Ghi nh mt danh sch n gin c th t

Phng php nh theo s/hnh dng rt ging vi phng php nh theo s/vn. N l mt phng php rt n gin v hiu qu nh mt danh sch c th t c bit. Phng php ny l mt v d khc ca mt h thng cht da trn nhng hnh nh cht. Lm th no s dng phng php?

Phng php ny hot ng bng cch gip bn lp nn nhng hnh nh trong tm tr, trong cc con s c i din bi nhng hnh nh d nh c hnh dng ging nh nhng con s . Sau bn s c th kt hp nhng hnh nh ny vi nhng hnh nh d nh i din cho nhng th bn mun ghi nh. Di y l nhng v d v cc hnh nh ging vi cc con s t 1 n 10: 1. Candle, spear, stick 2. Swan (beak, curved neck, body) 3. Bifocal glasses, breast, or part of a "love heart" 4. Sail of a yacht 5. A meat hook, a sea-horse facing right 6. A golf club 7. A cliff edge 8. An egg timer 9. A balloon with a string attached, flying freely 10. A hole.

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V d:

Nu bn thy nhng hnh nh ny khng cun ht hoc khng khc su vo tm tr bn th hy thay i chng thnh nhng th khc c ngha vi bn hn. Cng nh vi phng php nh theo s/vn, bn hy kt ni nhng hnh nh trn vi nhng hnh nh i din cho nhng th cn nh. C nhng trng hp m dng phng php nh theo s/hnh dng bn s thy cc hnh nh tr nn sng ng hn l khi dng phng php nh theo s/vn, nhng trong cc trng hp khc bn li thy phng php nh theo s/vn l tt hn. Do khng c l g m bn li khng th kt hp nhng hnh nh r rt nht ca c 2 phng php vi nhau thnh mt s ghi nh hn hp ca ring bn.

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Bn c th s dng mt danh sch nhng nh t tng hin i minh ha cho phng php nh theo s/hnh dng: 1. Spinoza - a large CANDLE wrapped around with someone's SPINe 2. Locke - a SWAN trying to pick a LOCK with its wing 3. Hume - A HUMan child BREAST feeding 4. Berkeley - A SAIL on top of a large hooked and spiked BURR in the LEE of a cliff 5. Kant - a CAN of spam hanging from a meat HOOK 6. Rousseau - a kangaROO SEWing with a GOLF CLUB 7. Hegel - a crooked trader about to be pushed over a CLIFF, HaGgLing to try to avoid being hurt 8. Kierkegaard - a large EGG TIMER containing captain KIRK and a GuARD from the starship enterprise, as time runs out 9. Darwin - a BALLOON floating upwards, being blown fAR by the WINd 10. Marx - a HOLE with white chalk MARks around it's edge. Nhng chnh:

Phng php nh theo s/hnh dng l mt phng php rt hiu qu ghi nh nhng danh sch c th t. N hot ng bng cch kt ni nhng th cn nh vi nhng hnh nh i din cho cc con s. Bng vic s dng n, kt hp vi phng php nh theo s/vn, bn s c th to nn nhng hnh nh ph hp gip bn ghi nh rt tt. Dragonball88 Xem H s

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#5 (permalink) 10-16-2009, 11:04 Dragonball88 Senior Member

Gi tin nhn n Dragonball88 Tm Bi gi bi Dragonball88

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Ngy gia nhp: Oct 2009 Bi gi: 282 Thanks: 4 Thanked 3 Times in 3 Posts

Phng php nh theo bng ch ci Ghi nh nhng danh sch c di trung bnh

- Mt h thng cht ph bin -

Phng php nh theo bng ch ci l mt h thng cht, n tng t nh phng php nh theo s/vn nhng phc tp hn. Phng php ny c hiu qu trong vic gip ghi nh nhng danh sch c th t di hn v do c tnh ca n, bn s c th nhn bit nu c chi tit no trong danh sch b b st.

Phng php nh theo bng ch ci hot ng bng cch kt hp nhng hnh nh i din cho cc ch ci vi nhng hnh nh bn to ra i din cho nhng th cn nh. Lm th no s dng phng php? Khi bn to ra nhng hnh nh i din cho nhng ch ci, hy dng nhng hnh nh lin quan n ng m sao cho m tit u tin trong t u tin ca hnh nh i din chnh l tn ca ch ci. V d, bn c th biu din ch k vi t cake.

Trong quyn S dng tr nh hon ho ca bn ca Tony Buzan, ng ngh s dng mt h thng cho vic to ra nhng hnh nh sng ng m bn s c th ti lp nhng hnh nh ny nu l qun mt chng. Buzan ly m tit ca ch ci lm ph m u tin ca t i din, sau ln lt s dng cc ch theo th t trong bng ch ci to nn nhng ph m cn li trong t i din nhm c c mt t d ghi nh. V d, vi ch ci S (gc t i din l Es), ta s thit lp nn mt t i din bng cch ln lt ghp cc ch ci vo Es: EsA, EsB, EsC, EsD, EsE, v.v ri chn ly t no c hnh nh d nh nht. Cch ca Tony Buzan c u im l to ra mt hnh nh m bn s c th ti lp nu l qun mt n. Tuy nhin, do phng php nh theo ch ci l tng i n gin nn cch trn l mt s phc tp khng cn thit. Trong bt c trng hp no, tt nht l bn hy chn hnh nh n tng nht hin ln trong suy ngh ca bn v gn vi n. Di y l mt danh sch cc hnh nh i din cho cc ch ci: A - Ace of spades B - Bee C - Sea D - Diesel engine E - Eel F - Effluent G - Jeans H - H-Bomb, itch I - Eye J - Jade K - Cake L - Elephant M - Empty N - Entrance O - Oboe

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P - Pea Q - Queue R - Ark S - Eskimo T - Teapot U - Unicycle V - Vehicle W - WC X - X-Ray Y - Wire Z - Zulu

Nu bn khng thy nhng hnh nh trn l d nh, hy thay i chng thnh nhng th khc c ngha vi bn hn. Khi hnh dung chc chn nhng hnh nh ny v ni chng vi nhng ch ci gc, bn s c th kt hp chng vi nhng thng tin cn phi ghi nh to nn nhng bc tranh d nh.

Hy c bi gii thiu bit cch lm nhng bc tranh ny tr nn r rng trong tm tr ca bn. Mt khi thnh tho phng php ny bn s c th m rng n bng cch s dng nhng hnh nh c m t trong cc bi sau ny. V d: Chng ta s tip tc s dng v d v vic ghi nh mt danh sch tn ca cc nh t tng hin i: A - Ace - Freud - a crisp ACE being pulled out of a FRying pan (FRiED) B - Bee - Chomsky - a BEE stinging a CHiMp and flying off into the SKY C - Sea - Genette - a GENerator being lifted in a NET out of the SEA D - Diesel - Derrida - a DaRing RIDer surfing on top of a DIESEL train E - Eagle - Foucault - Bruce Lee fighting off an attacking EAGLE with kung FU F - Effluent- Joyce - environmentalists JOYfully finding a plant by an EFFLUENT pipe G - Jeans - Nietzche - a holey pair of JEANS with a kNEe showing through H - H-Bomb - Kafka - a grey civil service CAFe being blown up by an H-Bomb v.v Nhng chnh:

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Phng php nh theo bng ch ci lin kt nhng th cn nh vi nhng hnh nh i din cho cc ch ci t A n Z. iu ny cho php bn ghi nh mt danh sch c di trung bnh theo mt th t chnh xc. Bng vic cht nhng th cn nh vi nhng ch ci, bn s nhn bit c nu c chi tit no thiu st v s bit nhng gi nh ra n.

Dragonball88 Xem H s Gi tin nhn n Dragonball88 Tm Bi gi bi Dragonball88 #6 (permalink) 10-16-2009, 11:05 Dragonball88 Senior Member

Phng php hnh trnh Ghi nh nhng danh sch di

Phng php hnh trnh l mt phng php ghi nh mnh, linh hot v hiu qu. Phng php ny da trn tng v vic ghi nh nhng im mc ca mt hnh trnh bit r. N kt ni dng k chuyn ca phng php lin kt vi cu trc v trt t ca cc h thng cht to nn mt phng php rt mnh. Lm th no s dng phng php?

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Bn s dng phng php hnh trnh bng cch kt hp thng tin vi nhng im mc ca mt hnh trnh m bn bit r. V d, y c th l mt hnh trnh i lm bui sng ca bn, l on ng i n ca trc khi bn ng dy, l ng m bn i n thm nh cha m, hoc mt chuyn i quanh mt a im no trong k ngh. Khi quen vi phng php ny bn c th to ra nhng hnh trnh tng tng m khc su vo suy ngh ca bn v p dng chng ghi nh. Mun dng phng php ny t hiu qu cao nht th hnh trnh thng phi c chun b trc nhng im mc hin ln r rng trong tm tr ca bn trc khi bn kt ni thng tin vo chng. Mt trong nhng cch thc hin iu l vit tt c nhng im mc m bn c th nh ng th t ra mt t giy. Vic ny cho php bn dng nhng im mc ny nh nhng gi trong quy tc nh. Khi bn bit r hn v tuyn ng, c th s c nhng im mc mi m bn ch n, lc hy phn bit nhng im mc mi vi nhng im mc c. nh mt danh sch, d l v ngi, cc th nghim, cc s kin hay cc vt th tt c nhng g bn cn l kt hp nhng th ny vi nhng im mc trn hnh trnh ca bn. l mt cch cc k hiu qu nh nhng danh sch di. Vi mt

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hnh trnh di bn s c th, v d, ghi nh nhng nguyn t trong bng tun hon, nhng danh sch cc nh vua v cc tng thng, cc thng tin a l, hoc th t ca cc qun bi trong mt b bi c xo trn. Phng php ny cc k linh hot: mun nh c nhiu th hn, bn ch phi ghi nh mt hnh trnh di vi nhiu im mc hn, cn nh mt danh sch ngn, ch cn s dng mt on ca tuyn ng l ! Mt u im ca phng php hnh trnh l bn c th s dng n nh ngc li hoc tin ln trc, v c th khi u bt c ch no trn tuyn ng nh li thng tin.

Bn c th s dng kt hp phng php ny vi nhng phng php ghi nh khc. iu ny c th c thc hin bng vic lp nn nhng hnh nh m ha phc tp nhng im mc trn hnh trnh hoc bng cch lin kt n vi nhng phng php nh khc mi im mc. Bn c th bt u nhng hnh trnh khc mi im mc. Nh mt s la chn, bn cng c th s dng mt h thng cht thit lp danh sch nhng cuc hnh trnh, v.v Hy c bi gii thiu bit lm th no c th nhn mnh nhng hnh nh c s dng trong phng php ny. V d: Bn phi nh mt th g lt vt, v d nh danh sch nhng th cn mua sm ny chng hn: Coffee, salad, vegetables, bread, kitchen paper, fish, chicken breasts, pork chops, soup, fruit, bath tub cleaner. Bn c th gn danh sch ny vi mt hnh trnh n mt siu th. Cc hnh nh d nh c th l: Front door: spilt coffee grains on the doormat Rose bush in front garden: growing lettuce leaves and tomatoes around the roses Car: with potatoes, onions and cauliflower on the driver's seat End of the road: an arch of French bread over the road Past garage: with its sign wrapped in kitchen roll Under railway bridge: from which haddock and cod are dangling by their tails Traffic lights: chickens squawking and flapping on top of lights Past church: in front of which a pig is doing karate, breaking boards Under office block: with a soup slick underneath: my car tires send up jets of tomato soup as I drive through it Past car park: with apples and oranges tumbling from the top level Supermarket car park: a filthy bath tub is parked in the space next to my car!

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Nhng im quan trng: Phng php hnh trnh l mt phng php mnh v hiu qu nh nhng danh sch di bng cch kt ni nhng hnh nh v nhng s kin tng tng vi nhng im mc ca mt hnh trnh. Bi nhng hnh trnh c s dng l khc bit v a im v hnh thc, cc danh sch c ghi nh bng phng php ny s rt d phn bit vi nhau.

 s dng phng php ny bn cn u t mt cht thi gian chun b nhng hnh trnh sao cho chng hin ln tht r trong suy ngh ca bn. Bng vic s dng phng php hnh trnh, s u t thi gian ny s mang li kt qu ln gp nhiu ln. Dragonball88 Xem H s Gi tin nhn n Dragonball88 Tm Bi gi bi Dragonball88 #7 (permalink) 10-16-2009, 11:06 Dragonball88 Senior Member

Phng php cn phng La M Ghi nh nhng thng tin kiu nhm

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Phng php cn phng La M, cn c gi li phng php Loci, l mt phng php c xa v hiu qu ghi nh nhng thng tin m cu trc ca chng khng quan trng. V d, n c th lm nn tng cho nhng h thng ghi nh mnh c s dng hc ngoi ng. Lm th no s dng phng php? s dng phung php cn phng La M, hy tng tng ra mt cn phng m bn bit, chng hn nh phng khch, phng ng, vn phng hay lp hc. Bn trong cn phng l nhng vt. Lc nh li thng tin, bn ch cn dng suy ngh i mt vng quanh cn phng, hnh dung ra nhng vt bit v nhng hnh nh gn lin vi chng. Phng php ny c th c m rng bng cch i vo chi tit v gn nhng thng tin cn nh vo nhng vt nh hn. Bn cng c th c mt la chn khc l m nhng cnh ca ngn cn phng ca bn vi cc phng khc ri s dng nhng vt trong cc cn phng . Khi cn bn c th tng tng ra nhng s m rng i vi cn phng v lp y nhng khong khng mi ny bng nhng vt th ph hp.

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Nhng cn phng khc nhau c th c s dng cha nhng loi thng tin khc nhau. Cc cn phng khng phi l nhng s la chn duy nht gip ghi nh nhng thng tin kiu nhm, nu mun bn c th s dng mt khung cnh hoc mt th trn m bn bit r v gn vo chng nhng hnh nh gip ghi nh. Cn phng La M ch l mt trong nhng cch biu din bn nhn thc ca bn v thng tin sao cho d tip cn. Hy c bi gii thiu bit lm th no nhn mnh nhng hnh nh c s dng trong phng php ny.

V d: Ti s dng phng khch ca ti nh mt nn tng cho phng php. Trong cn phng ny c nhng vt sau: bn, n, sofa, t sch ln, t sch nh, dn CD, in thoi, TV, u DVD, gh, gng, nhng bc nh en trng, v.v

Ti phi nh mt danh sch nhng nh th trong Chin tranh th gii th nht: Rupert Brooke, G. K. Chesterton, Walter de la Mare, Robert Graves, Rudyard Kipling, Wilfred Owen, Siegfried Sassoon, W. B. Yates Ti hnh dung ra mnh ang bc qua ca trc ca cn phng, ai v mt bc tranh th hin mt cnh trong trn Somme ln cnh ca. trung tm ca bc tranh l mt ngi n ng ang ngi trong mt chin ho v vit vo mt quyn v d bn. Tip , ti bc vo trong phng khch v nhn vo chic bn. Trn mt bn l con gu RUPERT ang ngi trong mt dng sui - BROOK - nh (chng ta khng cn quan tm n vic dng sui i vo s tng tng t u). y l s m ha cho Rupert Brooke. Dng nh ai di chuyn mt vi c trong phng: mt chic rng - CHEST - c t ln trn chic sofa, mt vi chic qun jeans (G = Jeans) lng thng bn ngoi mt chic ngn ko v c vi chic bnh nm bn trn chng (K = Cake). y l s m ha cho G. K. Chesterton. Chic n c gn vo mt ci nh trn mt bc tng - WALL - , ci c hnh mt con nga ci - MARE - ang chun b nhy. y l s m ha cho Walter de la Mare. v.v Nhng chnh: Phng php cn phng La M tng t nh phng php hnh trnh, c 2 u hot ng trn nguyn l cht nhng hnh nh m ha thng tin vi nhng th bit. Trong trng hp ca phng php cn phng La M, nhng th bit l nhng vt trong mt cn phng. Phng php cn phng La M t hiu qu cao nht khi c dng ghi nh

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nhng danh sch m cc thng tin trong khng lin quan n nhau, cn phng php hnh trnh th ph hp hn vi vic ghi nh nhng danh sch c th t. Dragonball88 Xem H s Gi tin nhn n Dragonball88 Tm Bi gi bi Dragonball88 #8 (permalink) 10-16-2009, 11:07 Dragonball88 Senior Member

Phng php chnh Ghi nh nhng s rt di

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Phng php chnh l mt trong nhng phng php ghi nh mnh nht hin nay nhng s dng thnh tho n cn rt nhiu thi gian. Phng php ny thng to ra nn tng nhng nh o thut v nhng ngi biu din tr nh thc hin cc mn biu din phi thng ca h. Phng php chnh hot ng da trn nguyn l bin i cc chui s thnh cc danh t, cc danh t thnh cc hnh nh v lin kt cc hnh nh thnh mt chui. Nhng chui hnh nh ny c th rt phc tp v chi tit. Lm th no s dng phng php? Nhng khi cu trc ca phng php ny l s lin kt ca nhng con s di y vi cc ph m theo sau chng: 0 - s, z, c mm - nh z l ch ci u tin ca zero 1 - d, t, th - nh y l nhng ch c 1 nt i xung 2 - n - nh ch ny c 2 nt i xung 3 - m - nh ch ny c 3 nt i xung 4 - R - tng tng ra mt s 4 v mt ch R b dn lng vo nhau 5 - L - tng tng ra s 5 c dng ta vo gy ca mt quyn sch (c hnh ging ch L) 6 - j, sh, ch mm, dg, g mm - nh g l s 6 quay 180 7 - K, ch cng, c cng, g cng, ng - tng tng K l 2 s 7 b xoay v dn lng vo nhau 8 - f, v - tng tng vng trn pha di s 8 nh mt ng thot nc thi eFfluent

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(eFfluent l hnh nh i din cho ch f) 9 - p, b - nh b l s 9 quay 180 . Bn phi ghi nh nhng s kt hp ny mt cch hon ho c th i xa hn vi phng php chnh. Bt u s dng phng php chnh

Phng php ny c nhiu mc s dng, ph thuc vo lng thi gian bn b ra hc phng php. Mc u tin ch l m ha nhng s 1 ch s thnh nhng t ngn. mc ny phng php chnh gn nh l mt bn sao ngho nn ca phng php nh theo s/vn. Ch nhng mc cao hn bn mi c th khai thc sc mnh tht s ca n. Tuy nhin bn nn hc cch s dng phng php chnh mc u tin trc khi tin ln cc mc khc. Mc ch ca th thut bin i cc s thnh cc t ny l CH s dng nhng ph m m ha thng tin ca t, ng thi dng nhng nguyn m n vo gia nhng ph m to ra ngha. Nu bn phi dng thm nhng ph m khc to nn mt t i din cho con s, hy ch s dng nhng ph m KHNG C tc dng m ha cc con s - h, q, w, x v y - trnh nhm ln.

mc u tin chng ta m ha cc s 1 ch s thnh mt danh t ngn. Ban u l to nn phn ph m m ha con s, ri kt hp cc nguyn m vi cc ph m to thnh mt t. Dng mt t giy, hy vit nhng con s t 0 n 9 v ng dng nhng quy tc ny to ra nhng t ghi nh ca ring bn.

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Mt vi v d c th hin di y: 0 - saw 1 - toe 2 - neigh 3 - ma 4 - ray 5 - law 6 - jaw 7 - key 8 - fee 9 - pie Bn c th s dng kt hp nhng t trn ging nh nhng t cht trong cc phng php khc. Tin ti mc th 2 Nhng quy tc tng t cng c p dng to ra cc t i din cho nhng s 2 ch s. Tt nht bn khng nn c s dng nhng t i din cho cc s 1 ch s to nn nhng t i din cho cc s 2 ch s bi iu ny c th gy ln ln cc

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hnh nh i din. Hy vit ra cc s t 01 n 99 v p dng cc quy tc to ra nhng t i din ca ring bn. Mt vi v d: 09 - z, p - zap 17 - t, ch - tech 23 - n, m - name 36 - m, sh - mesh 41 - r,s - rose 52 - l, n - line 64 - ch, r - chair 75 - k, l - keel 89 - f, p - fop 98 - b, f - beef i xa hn vi phng php chnh

Ch s dng nhng t i din cho cc s 2 ch s l c th to ra mt cng c ghi nh mnh cho bn. Tuy nhin bn cng c th s dng nhng t i din cho cc s 3 ch s. Nhng t ny c to ra bi cng cc quy tc cu to nh trong trng hp cc s 2 ch s trn. Mt vi v d: 182 - d, v, n - Devon 304 - m, s, r - miser 400 - r, c, s - races 651 - j, l, d - jellied 801 - f, z, d - fazed

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V d:

mc phc tp ny tt hn l bn nn vit cc t i din ra c th c chng nhiu ln nhm tng cng s lin kt gia tr no ca bn vi cc con s v cc t i din. iu ny gip bn ghi nh nhng t i din nhanh hn. S dng nhng t i din nh nhng s di Khi ngh ra nhng t i din v nhng hnh nh biu din nhng con s, bn c th bt u ng dng phng php chnh ghi nh, v d, cc s di. Mt cch tt lm iu ny l kt hp cc t i din ca phng php chnh vi cc im mc trn mt hnh trnh (xem thm phng php hnh trnh).

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S Pi l 3.14159265359 (11 s sau du phy). S dng kt hp phng php chnh v phng php hnh trnh, ta c th ghi nh nh sau:

Passing my Ma (3) by the front door of my house Seeing that someone has dared (1,4,1) to sleep under the rose bush in the garden Someone has tied a loop (5,9) of yellow ribbon onto the steering wheel of my car I see a poster with a photo of a steaming pile of sausages and mashed potato, with the title 'glorious nosh' (2,7) at the end of the road A lama (5,3) is grazing on grass outside the garage forecourt Another loop (5,9) of yellow ribbon has been tied around the railway bridge. This is getting strange!

Nhng chnh: Phng php chnh hot ng bng cch gn cc ph m vo cc s ri kt ni cc ph m ny thnh cc t. Bng cch s dng nhng hnh nh m nhng t ny to ra v lin kt chng vi nhau theo phng php hnh trnh, mt lng ln thng tin c th c ghi nh chnh xc. Dragonball88 Xem H s Gi tin nhn n Dragonball88 Tm Bi gi bi Dragonball88 #9 (permalink) 10-16-2009, 11:09 Dragonball88 Senior Member

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S dng cc bn khi nim v cc bn k c ghi nh nhng thng tin c cu trc

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I. S dng cc bn khi nim v cc bn k c ghi nh nhng thng tin c cu trc Lm th no s dng cng c?

V mt hnh thc, cc bn k c khng phi l nhng phng php ghi nh. Tuy nhin chng thc s gip bn trnh by cu trc ca mt ch theo mt hnh thc sng sa bn c th ghi nh d dng. Bn s c th thc y bn thn ghi nh nhng thng tin c m ha bn trong hnh thc bng cch ngh n n.

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Vic ny thm ch cn tr nn d dng hn nu bn m ha thng tin bng nhng hnh nh ni bt. Hy c bi gii thiu bit lm th no thng tin tr nn d nh. II. Nhng bn k c (Mind Map) - Mt cng c mnh ghi ch Lm th no s dng cng c? Lp bn k c l mt phng php quan trng gip ci thin vic ghi ch, ng thi h tr v tng cng kh nng gii quyt vn mt cch sng to. Bng vic s dng nhng bn k c bn s c th nhanh chng nhn bit v hiu cu trc ca mt vn , cch m cc thng tin ri li tng thch vi nhau, cng nh ghi li nhng s kin th ging nh nhng kiu ghi ch thng thng. Hn na, cu trc ca nhng bn k c c tc dng khuyn khch vic gii quyt vn mt cch sng to. Nhng bn ny cn lu gi thng tin theo mt hnh thc m s gip bn ghi nh d dng v hi tng nhanh chng. c ph bin bi Tony Buzan, nhng bn k c loi b nhng kiu ghi ch c dng danh sch truyn thng. Chng lm c iu ny l nh mt cu trc 2 chiu. Mt bn k c tt th hin hnh thc ca vn , s quan trng tng i ca tng ring bit v cch m theo cc s vic c lin h n nhau.

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Nhng bn k c thng s dng 1 mt ca t giy, chng sc tch hn nhng cch ghi ch thng thng. iu ny gip bn to nn nhng s kt hp mt cch d dng. Nu tm ra thm cc thng tin sau khi v phn chnh ca bn k c th bn c th d dng b sung vo n m khng b gin on nhiu. Nhng bn k c cng hu dng : Tm tt thng tin Tng hp thng tin t nhiu ngun khc nhau Ngh v nhng vn phc tp Trnh by thng tin theo mt hnh thc m th hin c cu trc chung ca vn

Chng rt d hi tng bi bn lun c th lm mi li thng tin trong k c bng vic lic qua. Do vy chng cng l l nhng cch ghi nh hiu qu. Nh hnh thc v cu trc ca mt bn k c c th cung cp cho bn nhng gi nh li nhng thng tin cha ng bn trong. Vi cc tnh cht nh th, nhng bn k c thu ht tm tr ca bn vo qu trnh tip thu v lin kt nhng s kin nhiu hn nhiu so vi cc phng php ghi ch truyn thng. V nhng bn k c c bn

di y l mt phn nh ca mt bn k c. Bn ny th hin s nghin cu v cc k nng qun l thi gian: Hnh 1 - Mt v d v bn k c

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ghi ch v mt vn bng mt bn k c, bn hy v n theo cch sau: 1. Vit tn ca ch bn ang tim hiu vo gia t giy v v mt vng trn quanh n. Xem hnh 1. 2. Khi bn gp nhng phn on hay nhng tiu ca ch (hoc nhng s vic lin quan n ch ), hy v nhng on thng ni vi vng trn. Gn nhn cho cc on thng ny bng tn ca nhng phn on v tiu . Xem nhng on thng c s 2 trong hnh 1. 3. Khi bn tm hiu vn v khm ph ra mt tng thng tin na thuc v nhng tiu trn (nhng tiu cp tip theo hoc nhng s vic ring l), hy v tng thng tin ny nh nhng on thng gn vi nhng on tiu cp trn. Xem nhng on thng c s 3 trong hnh 1. 4. Cui cng, vi nhng s vic hay nhng ring l, hy v nhng on thng ni vi on thng mc thch hp v gn nhn cho chng. Xem nhng on thng c s 4 trong hnh 1. Khi bn gp nhng thng tin mi, hy kt ni chng vo bn k c mt cch thch hp. Mt bn k c hon thin c th c rt nhiu on ch chnh ta ra theo khp

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mi hng t trung tm. Nhng tiu v nhng s vic s r nhnh ra t cc on ny, ging nh nhng cnh v nhnh cy trn mt thn cy. Bn khng cn bn tm v cu trc c to ra bi n s t pht trin. Nh rng tng v vic nh s cc cp trong hnh 1 ch c s dng th hin mt bn k c c to ra nh th no. Tt c nhng iu ti ang th hin l nhng ch chnh ta ra t trung tm, vi cc tiu cp thp hn v cc s vic r nhnh ra t mc cp cao hn. Mc d vic lp bn k c bng tay l thch hp trong nhiu trng hp, nhng phn mm nh MindGenius c th ci thin vic ny bng cch gip bn to ra nhng bn khi nim (Concept Map) cht lng cao m c th d c sa v phc tho li. Ci thin nhng bn k c ca bn Nhng bn k c ca bn l ti sn ring ca bn: mt khi hiu lm th no ghi ch bng bn k c, bn c th pht trin nhng quy c ca ring bn tin xa hn na. Nhng gi sau y c th gip tng hiu qu:

Dng nhng t n hoc nhng nhm t n gin biu din thng tin: Hu ht cc t dng trong vic vit thng thng l nhng t m, bi chng bo m rng nhng s vic c t ng vn cnh v theo mt hnh thc m to ra s d chu khi c. Trong nhng bn k c ca ring bn, nhng t n mnh m v nhng nhm t c ngha c th chuyn ti tt hn cng mt lng thng tin. Qu nhiu ch ch lm bn tr nn ln xn. Nhng ch in: Nu vit ch qu st nhau hoc khng r rng th s kh c hn, do vy bn hy dng kiu ch in. S dng mu sc phn chia cc : iu ny s gip bn phn chia cc nhng ch cn thit. N cng gip bn hnh dung ra bn k c nh li thng tin. Mu sc cn gip bn th hin cu trc ca vn . S dng cc biu tng v hnh nh: nhng ch m mt biu tng hoc mt hnh nh c ngha vi bn th hy s dng n. Nhng hnh nh c th gip bn ghi nh thng tin hiu qu hn l cc t. S dng nhng s lin kt cho: Thng tin mt phn ca bn k c c th lin quan n mt phn khc. Lc bn c th v nhng on thng th hin nhng s lin kt cho. iu ny gip bn thy mt phn ca vn nh hng n mt phn khc nh th no. Nhng chnh:

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Lp bn k c l mt phng php ghi ch cc k hiu qu. Nhng bn k c khng ch th hin cc s kin m cn th hin cu trc tng th ca vn v s quan trng ca tng phn n l trong n. Nhng bn ny c th gip bn kt hp nhng v to ra s lin kt m c th nhng phng php khc khng lm c.

Nu bn thc hin bt c mt s nghin cu hay ghi ch no, hy th dng cc bn k c, bn s thy chng hiu qu n ngc nhin! Dragonball88 Xem H s Gi tin nhn n Dragonball88 Tm Bi gi bi Dragonball88 #10 (permalink) 10-16-2009, 11:12 Dragonball88 Senior Member

ng dng cc phng php ghi nh: Hc mt ngoi ng v Nh thng tin cho mt k thi

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I. Lm th no hc mt ngoi ng? Cc phng php cn dng: Phng php lin kt Phng php cn phng La M

S dng cc phng php: Hc ngoi ng l lnh vc l tng ng dng cc phng php ghi nh. Khi hc mt t mi ca mt ngoi ng bn thng phi lin kt mt tp hp nhng m tit v ngha vi mt t trong ting m ca bn. Ngi ta hay lm iu ny qua vic nhc i nhc li t cn hc bng ting m v bng ngoi ng. Bn c th ci thin cch hc t nht bng cch s dng 3 phng php hu ch sau: 1. S dng phng php lin kt t: y l mt s m rng n gin ca phng php lin kt: Bn s dng nhng hnh nh i din lin kt mt t trong ting m ca bn vi mt t ngoi ng. V d: khi mt ngi Anh cn hc vi t mi ting Php, anh ta c th tng tng nh sau: English: rug/carpet - French: tapis = an ornate oriental carpet with a TAP as the central

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design woven In chrome thread. English: grumpy - French: grognon = a grumpy man GROaning with irritation. English: to tease - French: taquiner = a woman teasing her husband as she TAKEs IN the washing.

Bn hy t tm cho mnh nhng v d trong trng hp mt ngi Vit hc t mi ting Anh, rt d. Phng php ny c chnh thc ha bi TS. Michael Gruneberg v c bit n vi ci tn Phng php lin kt t. TS. Michael Gruneberg vit nhng quyn sch dy ngoi ng v nhiu cp ngn ng nhm gip cc hc vin c c vn t vng c bn cn thit (thng l khong 1000 t) hc ngoi ng tt hn. Vic s dng phng php ny hc thuc s t vng c bn trong vng 10 gi c xc nhn l kh thi. 2. S dng phng php ngn ng th trn: y l mt phng php rt hiu qu, n kt hp mt bin th phc tp ca phng php cn phng La M vi phng php lin kt t c m t trn. Phng php ny c pht trin da trn thc t rng vn t vng c bn ca mt ngn ng lun gn vi nhng th hng ngy - nhng th bn c th nhn thy trong mt thnh ph, th trn hay lng mc. s dng phng php bn cn chn mt th trn m bn rt quen thuc ri dng nhng th bn trong th trn nh nhng gi nh li cc hnh nh i din gn vi cc t ngoi ng. Nhng danh t trong th trn: Nhng danh t nn c gn vi nhng a im thch hp nht. V d: hnh nh m ha mt t ngoi ng ch mt cun sch c th c kt hp vi mt quyn sch trn mt gi sch trong th vin; mt t ch bnh m nn c kt hp vi mt hnh nh mt bnh m trong mt hiu bnh; nhng t ch thc vt c th c kt hp vi nhng phn pha bn ngoi nh mt ngi bn rau qu; cn v tn cc con vt th bn c th s dng mt nng tri no ngoi ra th trn. Nhng tnh t bn trong cng vin: Nhng tnh t c th c gn vi mt khu vn hoc mt cng vin bn trong th trn: nhng t nh green, smelly, bright, small, cold, v.v.c th d dng c mi lin quan n cc th trong cng vin nh mt ci h, mt khu rng nh, nhng con ngi vi nhng tnh cch khc nhau ang i do xung quanh, v.v ng t trong trung tm th thao: Nhng ng t c th c gn mt cch d dng vi mt trung tm th thao hoc mt sn chi. Nhng th nhng khu vc ny cho php chng ta to nn cc hnh nh i din cho cc hnh ng nh: lifting, running, walking, hitting, eating, swimming, driving, v.v Ghi nh ging ca danh t: Vi nhng ngn ng m gii tnh l quan trng th 1 cch tt ghi nh iu ny l chia th trn ca bn thnh 2 vng chnh. Trong 1 vng bn m ha thng tin cho nhng danh t ging c cn trong vng kia bn m ha thng tin

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cho nhng danh t ging ci. Nu ngn ng c ging trung th hy chia ra 3 vng. Bn c th phn chia vng bng nhng con ng ng c, nhng dng sng, v.v c nh gii tnh ca mt danh t, ch cn gn nhng hnh nh i din ca n vi mt vng chnh xc tng ng ca th trn. iu ny khin vic ghi nh ging ca danh t tr nn d dng.

Nhiu ngn ng, nhiu th trn: Mt bin th hiu qu khc ca phng php cn phng La M cng c dng n khi hc nhiu ngn ng. Vic hc nhiu ngn ng c th gy nhm ln, nhng vi phng php ngn ng th trn, tt c nhng g bn cn lm l chn nhng thnh ph, th trn hay lng mc khc nhau cho nhng ngn ng phi hc. L tng nht l hc ting nc no th chn 1 th trn nc . Tuy nhin trn thc t bn c th ch cn dng mt th trn ngay trn t nc bn, vi iu kin th trn ny c nhng yu t ngoi quc thch hp. 3. 100 t ph bin nht:

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Trong quyn S dng tr nh ca bn, Tony Buzan ch ra rng hu nh ngn ng no cng c 100 t ph bin, nhng t ny tuy t nhng chim ti 50% s lng t dng trong m thoi thng thng. Hc 100 t ph bin s gip bn tin mt on di trong vic luyn k nng ni, mc d y vn ch l mt mc c s. 100 t c bn c s dng trong m thoi ting Anh v nhiu ngn ng khc c nu di y:

Tm lc: 3 cch hc ngoi ng trong bi ny c th rt hiu qu nu bn s dng chng thnh tho. Chng gip ch ra: - Nhng t quan trng nht phi hc. - Lm th no lin kt nhng t trong ting m ca bn vi cc t nc ngoi, v - Lm th no to ra nhng cu trc gip i din gip bn nh ngn ng ang hc thng qua vic s dng nhng hnh nh gn vi mt th trn. II. Lm th no nh thng tin cho mt k thi? Nhng phng php cn dng: Phng php s/vn Phng php s/hnh dng Phng php bng ch ci Phng php hnh trnh Cc bn khi nim hoc cc bn k c

S dng nhng phng php: Mt trong nhng cch rt hiu qu trong vic lp cu trc cho thng tin cn ghi nh l v ra mt bn khi nim hoc bn k c v mt vn , bn ny phi y v c m ha theo nhm. iu ny gip bn quan st cu trc tng th ca ch v cho bn bit nhng s lin kt gia cc phn ca thng tin. Mt bn khi nim tt chnh l mt cng c gip ghi nh hiu qu.

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Vn vi phng php trn l vic bn c th qun mt nhn ca 1 hay vi on thng no trn bn khi nim. Mt phng php ng tin cy hn l ly bn khi nim ca bn, vit n ra thnh 1 danh sch c nh s gm nhng quan trng, sau bn c th s dng mt trong nhng phng php cht (xem nhng ng dn trn) nh nhng trong danh sch. Bn cng c th dng phng php hnh trnh cho nhng danh sch di. Bng vic kt hp nhng trong danh sch vi mt phng php cht hay mt hnh trnh bn s c th kim tra xem liu mnh c nh li y cc thng tin c lu tr trong cng c khng. Nhng s vic ph tr c th c m ha v kt hp thnh nhng hnh nh hay nhng cng c ghi nh cp thp bng cch s dng cc phng php cht hoc phng php hnh trnh. Nh mt s la chn, bn cng c th gn mt cch lng lo nhng s vic c m ha ny vo thng tin cn nh. Nh vy, vic nh li ton b nhng thng tin cn thit tr li cu hi tr thnh mt vic n gin l r sot nhng cng c ghi nh c m ha. Khi tin hnh, bn hy vit ra nhng chnh ph hp vi cu hi, sau p dng cc cng c ghi nh cp thp chi tit ha thng tin cng nh ch gii nhng mi quan h v nhng s lin kt ca cc s vic xut hin trong phn tr li ca mnh. Vic ny m bo

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rng bn s c c tt c mi thng tin c sn v lp ra c mt dn tt. Ht, Chc cc bn c th p dng hiu qu cc phng php trn v thnh cng trong cuc sng!

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