CNG THC MN KINH T VI M

KINH T VI M CC CNG THC Q : Sn lng P : Gi 1. TR : Doanh thu TR = Q * P 2. TC : Tng chi ph TC = FC + VC 3. FC : CP c nh FC = TC VC = AFC * Q 4. VC : CP bin i VC = TC FC = AVC *Q 5. AFC : CP c nh bnh qun AFC = FC/Q 6. AVC : CP bin i bnh qun AVC = VC/Q 7. AC : CP bnh qun AC = TC/Q = AFC + AVC 8. MC : CP bin MC = TC/Q = (TC)= (FC+VC)=(FC)+(VC)=0+(VC) 9. MR : DThu bin MR = TR/Q = (TR) TH TRNG CNH TRANH HON TON 1. Phn tch cn bng : a/ ng cu (P) b/ ng doanh thu bin MR : MR = P c/ ng MC = AC. ng MC ct ng AC ti Acmin Sn lng : Q1 Gi : P1 max = (TR-TC)= P1*Q1 AC*Q1 = (P1-AC)*Q1 */ DN ti thiu ha thua l : - Gi s gi gim t P1 xung P2 (P2=ACmin) DN cn bng MR=MC - Sn lng : Q2 - Gi : P2 = Tr-TC= P2*Q2 AC*Q2 (m P2 = AC) = 0 : DN ha vn */ IM HA VN Nu l mc gi P3 (AVC <P3<AC) DN cn bng MR3 = MC Q3 Xt P3 : P3 < AC DN thua l P3 > AC + DN b vo CPB bnh qun + DN d 1 phn b vo CPCnh + Nu khng sx l hon ton nh ph Vy P3 l mc gi l nhng DN cn sx ti thiu ha thua l */ IM NG CA Nu gi gim xung l P4 = AVCmin Xt P4< AC : DN l P4 = AVC: + Ch b CPB bnh qun + L ton b CP DN ngng sx

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TH TRNG C QUYN HON TON 1. ng cu : P = a.Q + b (a m) 2. ng doanh thu bin : Doanh thu thu thm khi bn thm 1 SP : MR = TR/Q = (TR) = (P.Q)= [(a.Q+b).Q] = (aQ2 +b.Q) MR = 2a.Q + b Sn lng : Qmax Ga : Pmax max = (TR-TC)= Pmax . Qmax AC .Qmax = (Pmax AC) . Qmax 3. Chnh Ph qui nh gi trn (Pt) : Pt = P = MC 4. Chnh Ph nh thu khng theo sn lng : max = TR-TC = Pmax . Qmax AC .Qmax = (Pmax AC) . Qmax 5. Chnh Ph nh thu theo sn lng : DN cn bng MR = MC Q3 Sn lng : Qt Ga : Pt. = TR-TC = Pt . Qt AC .Qt (1) Gi s DN cung ng ti Qt khng thu Sn lng : Qt Ga : Pt. = TR-TC = Pt . Qt AC .Qt (2) 1.pt hm cu: Qd = a- bP(b>=0) 2. pt hm cung: Qs= c+dP (d>=0) 3. tt cn bng: Pe=Pd=Ps, Qe=Qd=Qs 4. Cs: thng d tiu dng Ps: thng d sn xut NSB: li ch rng x hi = Cs+ Ps 5. S co gin ca cu theo gi: Ed= %dentaQ/%dentaP - co gin khong: Ed= dentaQ*P/dentaP*Q

dentaQ=Q2-Q1, Q= (Q1+Q2)/2 dentaP= P2-P1, P= (P1+P2)/2 - co gin im: Ed = Q'd*(P/Q) 6. S co gin ca cu theo thu nhp: - khong: E = dentaQ*I/dentaP*Q - dim: E = Q'd*(I/Q) 7> S co gin ca cu theo gi cho - khong : E = %dentaQx/ %dentaQy= dentaQx*Py/dentaPy*Qx -im : E = Q' * (Py/Qx) 8. s co gin ca cung theo gi - khong: Es= %dentaQs/%dentaP= dentaQs*Ptb/dentaP*Qtb - im: = Q's*(P/Qs) 9) U: li ch tiu dng TU: tng li ch MU: li ch cn bin denta TU: s thay i v tng li ch dentaQ: ............................lng hng ha tiu dng TU= U1 +U2+........................+Un MU= dentaTU/dentaQ= (TU2-TU1)/(Q2-Q1) TH c 2 hng ha dch v th: TU= f(x,y)=>MU= TU' MUx= TU'x, MUy= TU'y 10. T l thay th cn bin trong tiu dng: MRSx/y= -dentay/dentax= MUx/MUy 11. pt ng ngn sch: M=xPx+yPy. dc ca ng ngn sch:= -Px/Py 12. iu kin tiu dng ti u: MUx/MUy= Px/Py 13. ngn hn: nng sut bnh qun (AP): APL=Q/L, APK=Q/K nng sut cn bin (MP): MPL=dentaQ/dentaL= Q'L, MPK= dentaQ/dentaK=Q'K tng chi ph TC= chi ph c nh(FC)+ chi ph bin i(VC) chi ph bnh qun : AC=TC/Q= (FC+VC)/Q= AFC+AVC chi ph bin i bnh qun: AVC= VC/Q chi ph c nh bnh qun: AFC= FC/Q chi ph cn bin: MC= dentaTC/dentaQ= TC'= VC' 14. di hn: chi ph bnh qun di hn: LAC=LTC/Q chi ph cn bin di hn: LMC= dentaLTC/dentaQ t l thay th KTCB: MRTS(L/K)= -dentaK/dentaL= MPL/MPK

ng ng ph: C=Kr+Lw nguyn tc ti thiu ha chi ph trong di hn MPL/MPK= w/r 15. TR: tng doanh thu MR: doanh thu cn bin MC: chi ph cn bin pi: li nhun MR= TR'= dentaTR/dentaQ TR=P*Q, TRmax <=> MR=0 pi= TR-TC= (P-AC)*Q, pi max<=> MR= MC 16. Cu trc th trng AR: DTTB c AR=TR/Q=P Th trng cnh tranh hon ho: nguyn tc ti a ha li nhun l MR=MC=P c quyn: MR=MC Sc mnh c quyn: L= (P-MC)P( 0=<L=<1) nh gi: P= MC/(1+1/Ed)