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LONG TH B TT Ngrjuna

TRUNG LUN
Mdhyamaka-stra Hn dch: Tam tng Php s CU-MA-LA-THP Kumrajva Vit Dch THCH N CHN HIN Nh Xut Bn Tn Gio - H Ni PL. 2546 - DL. 2003 ---o0o--Ngun http://thuvienhoasen.org Chuyn sang ebook 28-7-2009 Ngi thc hin : Nam Thin namthien@gmail.com Link Audio Ti Website http://www.phatphaponline.org Mc Lc
LI CA DCH GI TA TI BN TA TRUNG LUN TNG DU CHNG I: QUN NHN DUYN[1] CHNG II: QUN KH LAI[1] CHNG III: QUN LC TNH CHNG IV: QUN NG M[1] CHNG V: QUN LC CHNG[1] CHNG VI: QUN PHP NHIM, NGI NHIM CHNG VII: QUN BA TNG[1] CHNG VIII: QUN TC, TC GI[1] CHNG IX: QUN BN TR[1] CHNG X: QUN NHIN, KH NHIN[1] CHNG XI: QUN BN T CHNG XII: QUN KH CHNG XIII: QUN HNH CHNG XIV: QUN HIP CHNG XV: QUN HU V[1] CHNG XVI: QUN PHC GII CHNG XVII: QUN NGHIP CHNG XVIII: QUN PHP[1] CHNG XIX: QUN THI CHNG XX: QUN NHN QU[1] CHNG XXI: QUN THNH, HOI[1] CHNG XXII: QUN NH LAI CHNG XXIII: QUN IN O CHNG XXIV: QUN T

CHNG XXV: QUN NIT BN CHNG XXVI: QUN THP NH NHN DUYN. CHNG XXVII: QUN T KIN

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LI CA DCH GI
Pht php vn cao siu huyn diu, nu khng c cc bc hin trit tip ni ra i th thit tng rng chng ta cng ch nhn Pht php bt ngt bao la nh tri bin ch khng bit lm th no t ng v p dng vo i sng tu hnh. B lun ny mang li cho chng ti mt vi tia sng t ng khi thm tm cn nng tru Ng chp v Php chp. nh du pht giy thc tnh m ngi gi ln cho chng ti, y l T.T.V.C. (bc Gio th S ca chng ti) khin chng ti sng t vn , dit c phn no kin chp Ng v Php. V l , ti mo mui dch Lun ny, trong khi kin thc cn nng cn; i vi ngha l ca n th hong v bao la! B lun ny c ra c cng gp phi nhiu tr ngi kh khn. "Tr ngi kh khn," khi dng t ng ny, ti bit rng ti i sai tinh thn Trung qun lun. T tng Trung qun lun l Znyat (Tnh Khng), ch con ngi cng tt c hin tng s vt trong v tr, khng gian, thi gian, u khng c yu tnh quyt nh. C ra, l do duyn hp nhiu nhn t phng tin v iu kin hnh thnh, nh huyn, nh ha. K c nghip lc ca con ngi cng khng tht, m ti sao ti li ni danh t trn. "Tr ngi kh khn" l quan nim v nghip lc. Trc khi nghe b Trung Qun Lun, ti c mt vn gi l li tha. Ti t ln v Gio th s ca chng ti. Nhng khng c bc Thy gii quyt tha ng. Ti rt bun, song lc ny Trung qun lun n vi ti kp thi gii quyt nhng vn cho chng ti lm ti nh nhng thanh thn hn ln. Lc hc ti c ngh rng ti s dch b lun ny t Hn vn ra Vit vn hu ph bin c li ch. Va nghe va dch n khi nghe ht l ti dch xong. Ti c li bn tho, nhng t thy cha va nn dp b. Th l ti"nhp tht cht" hai thng dch li. Thm thot hai thng tri qua k hn nhp tht mn v ti cng dch xong b Lun. em trnh T.T.V.C duyt li v bt u tnh vic in. Trong lc i ch cho qua dp tt in tp ny. Thy G.. khuyn ti nn vit i mi phm. Ti v c li bn Trung qun lun ch Hn mi phm th nhn thy Lun ny hm sc qu

nhiu ngha, li thm dn d nhiu chiu hng, kh m tm tt i mi chng. V phn gii thch Tng vn c Ngi Thanh Mc Phm Ch. Ti da vo ngha ca nhng bi tng cng nh lc nghe thu thp c v c tham kho phn lc thch bn dch Trung qun lun ca T.T.Q.L. xin lc gii thch i khi mi chng, hu gip bt phn no kh khn cho nhng c gi cn nghin cu Trung qun lun ng dng vo i sng tu hnh theo ng chnh php. Ln ny, ti hin cho c b Lun kHi ph lng ch bc Tn tc nng v phng din tinh thn cho chng ti, l Ha Thng Vin Trng Vin ha o, GHPGVNTN, S Trng Hu lm, S B Diu Khng v Thy Tu S, gp sc nhiu trong vic phin dch; cng ch Tng Ni tr gip nhng phng tin khc v nhng Pht t quen bit, trc tip hoc gin tip gip ti lc cho chng ti. Vi tinh thn h o Php ca ton th qu v, chng ti tng khng nu ra y cng cm thng. Ngng mong cc bc Tn tc chng minh cho, v xin tri n Ch Tng, Ch Ni cng ton th qu Pht t. Nam m Long Th B Tt. Thin tht Diu Trm u Xun nm 1974 Thch n Chn Hin ---o0o---

TA TI BN
T khi bn dch ny hon thnh, khong vo nm 1983, n nay ti khng bit c xut bn my ln. Nhng s ti bn ln ny vn cn thit, v nhu cu nghin cu Pht php nuc ta, v nht l s ph bin ca Thin v Mt. Nu khng y trn Tnh Khng nghin cu v tu tp, th Thin v Mt d dn n nhng phn tc dng c gi l tai bin ca Thin, hay ca Mt. Trong mt dp gp Ni s Chn Hin ti cha Gi lam, ti c Hi Ni s v vic xut bn bn dch Trung lun ca Ni s m ti c duyn c bit cch y gn hai mi nm. Cho n nay, ti vn ch bit qua bn tho. Nhn c ln lc cc th tch c ti Th vin cha Gi lam, ti tm thy bn in Roneo,

b mi mt gm kh hng. V tic cng trnh dch thut, mt cng trnh rt kh i vi mt tc phm c xem l kh hiu nht trong s cc tc phm trit hc v i nht v c nh hng ln nht ca trit hc ng phng trc y, v Ty phng ngy nay, nn ti mang i nh Pht t nhp vn bn vi tnh tr li, v b khuyt nhng ch b mi mt khot. Nhn , ti thm mt s kin hiu chnh cho bn vn tng i kh d hiu c. Ci kh trong vic nghin cu, v nht l phin dch, i vi Trung lun, l vn ngn ng. Ph bnh tnh hin thc v chn thc ca nhn thc trong Trung lun thng bt u t nhng ph bnh cu trc ngn ng. Y trn cu trc ngn ng tin hnh phn tch qu trnh hot ng nhn thc trn phng din tm l hc. Ri t li tin ln vn dng iu m ngn ng trit hc phng Ty gi l Bin chng php siu nghim ph phn bn cht cng nh tnh nng v gii hn ca l tnh hay l tr. Ri t , nhn tr li cc khi nim cng vi nhng t ng ni hm cc khi nim ny trong Gio php ca Pht. Nh th c nhn thc kh d ni l chn chnh v gio php ca Pht, m nh kinh Kim cang ni: Ng thuyt php nh phit d gi, php thng ng x, h hung phi php. Php m Ta ni, nh l chic b. Php cn phi c x, hung g l phi php. Nhng php no cn x, v x nh th no. l vn . Nhn xt i khi nh vy thy rng tr ngi ln nht v cng l khi u nht l cu trc ngn ng ting Phn. Trong tnh hnh nghin cu Pht php nc ta, ng php ting Phn cn rt kh xa l. Ngay trong bi tng m u m ta quen gi l bi tng Bt bt cng cn c mt khi nim s ng v ng php ting Phn c th tung i d nm bt hn. Tt nhin, chn l siu vit ngn ng. T Hu Nng, ngay c ch Hn cn khng bit hung h l ting Phn. Nhng xa nay ai dm ni l mnh hiu Trung lun hn T Hu Nng? V vy, trong bn dch ting Vit ny, ni phn cc ch, ngoi nhng ghi ch nhn xt ca Ni s dch gi, thnh thong ti cng thm mt s gi , m phn ln l da nguyn bn Sanskrit hin c, vi hy vng bn dch s tr nn d hiu hn. Bn dch Hn c nhng c im ring ca n. Khng th ni bn Hn tuyt i trung thnh vi chnh tc gi l Ngi Long Th. Do khc bit v nhng quy c cu trc gia hai h ngn ng Phn v Hn, nn nhiu ch dch gi Hn l Ngi La-thp phi thc hin nhng bin i cn thit. Nhng bin i ny i b phn phn nh t tng ca dch gi m vn c phn nh

trung thc chnh t tng ca Ngi Long Th hay khng, y l vn ngoi kh nng ph phn ca chng ta. V vy, im cn bn l bn dch ting Vit ny hon ton y trn bn Hn ca ngi La-thp, coi nh khng bit n s hin hu ca bn ting Phn. Mt vi cc ch i chiu nguyn bn ting Phn l ct lm r ngha trong bn Hn, ch khng c mc ch i thng vo thm ca Lun ch l Ngi Long Th. Trong s kin hn ch ca mnh, ti nhn thy bn dch ca Ni s Chn Hin tng i sng, v c th l bn dch Vit u tin. V vy, ti mn php xin gp thm mt phn cng c nh, gi l ty h v tn tr mt cng trnh rt kh thc hin i vi mt tc phm rt kh hiu ny. Nguyn cu Pht php sng t th gian. Pht lch 2544, Qung Hng Gi-lam NGUYN CHNG cn ch. ---o0o---

TA TRUNG LUN TNG DU


TRUNG LUN c nm trm bi k, l tc phm ca Long Th. Ly ch Trung m nu Danh, l soi t ci Tht, ly ch Lun m gi tn, l sut cng ngn ng. Ci Tht m khng c nu danh th khng th t ng, do g vo Trung m t. Ngn ng m khng c gii thch th khng th sut cng, do mn Lun hin by[1]. Khi ci tht c m t, ngn ng c hin by, th s thc hnh ca B tt, v s qun chiu ni o trng by gi c bung lng[2] mt cch r rng vy. V, phin no m hoc sanh ra t kin chp in o, c ba ci v th m phi ni chm; s chng ng thin khng[3] khi ln t tr tu ym ly[4], bc cnh gii[5] do y m thnh lc no. V th bit rng, s gic ng tuyt i l do s qun chiu bao la; m tr tu nh nhoi b buc rng bi tm hn hp[6]. Qun chiu m khng bao la, th khng san bng hu v v, thng nht o v tc. Ci bit m khng sut cng, th cha th bc vo Trung o, xa tuyt nh bin[7]. No o tc nu khng c san bng, li nh bin cha c xa tuyt, th y l ni u t ca B tt vy.

V l , i s Long Th phn chit bng Trung o, khin cho hng hiu lm th[8] trng theo ngn tr o Huyn[9] m mt phen chuyn hng; bao qut bng tc ha[10], khin cho khch xu hng huyn mn[11], qun hi han, trong pht giy thu trit[12]. Vi vi thay[13], tht c th ni, dn ng thng vo thin khng[14], rp ca huyn trong v tr[15]; qut gi hu qua cnh kh[16], tun cam l ln cy a[17] y vy. Ka kin trc trm tng c dng, th nh c nh tranh bn cnh ng k l qu ma; khi thy s hong v bao la ca lun ny, th bit r s chng ng thin khng cng thp hn qu lm. May thay Chu qun[18] ca phng vc ny bng u li c Linh thu di sang trn gi; tm tnh bin a him hc nh th m c thm trn d m ca nng r. Ri y v sau, bc hin trit mi khi m o mi c th lun n l tht vy. Nghe ni cc nc bn Thin trc, nhng ngi dn thn vo s hc khng ai khng thng thc lun ny, v coi n l cm nang trng yu[19]. Nhng ngi thm bt mc a ra gii thch qu khng phi l t. Bn gii thch c cng b y vn l ca v Phm ch ngi Thin trc, tn gi l Tn-gi-La (Pigala), i Tn dch l Thanh Mc. ng tuy l ngi c tin v hiu chnh php su xa[20], nhng vn t khng c trau chut v chnh xc, trong li c nhiu sai lm, thiu st v trng lp. Php s (La Thp) mi ct xn b sung, khin cho l ph hp vi kinh c thu sut. Vn hoc c tha hay thiu, cha phi l hon ho ton vn vy. Bch lun[21] nhm i tr ngoi gio dp b l t; tc phm ny nhm chnh l ni gio khai thng s b tc. i tr thch lun[22] th uyn bc; Thp nh mn lun[23] th c ng. Nghim xt c bn tc phm ny, qu tht nh mt tri soi tn ci lng, khng ci g m khng soi sut rng ngi. Ti thng thc v ngt y n i tay khng ri sch, qun lun c s qu vng ca mnh, bn gi gm ci lng t ng vo mt bi ta; ng thi tm tt phm mt ln u mi phm. y th nhng no dm gii thch, m ch l by t ni vui mng vi nhng ai cng chung ch hng vy thi. Nguyn Chng dch v ch thch. Qung hng Gi-lam,

Ma an c, Pl. 2527- 1983. [1] Danh v tht l mi quan h gia l lun v thc tin, gia ngn ng v thc ti; y l ti quan trng chung cho cc h t tng ca Trung quc; nht l Lo Trang, h t tng m Tng Du chu nh hng rt nhiu trc khi bit n o Pht. Trong phn m u ca bi ta ny, Tng Du gii quyt nhng mu thun tranh lun gia cc h t tng Trung quc v vn Danh Tht bng thuyt Nh ca Trung lun nh c trnh by Chng 24 "Qun T Thnh ." [2] Huyn gii , t ca Trang t, ch trng thi vt ln tt c sng v cht, bun v vui. Trang t "Dng Sinh Ch": "Thch lai phu t thi d, thch kh phu t thun d. An thi nhi x thun, ai lc bt nng nhp d. C gi v th chi huyn gii." . Gii thch ca Ct tng (T42n1824_p0002c02), c hai ngha: (a) S tu nhn ca B tt thnh tu v s qun chiu ti o trng c hin l, by gi hon ton vt ngoi nhng ni bun vui sng cht; ging nh ni bun v ni vui khng len vo c tm t. (b) c tri buc gi l huyn (treo) khng c tri buc gi l gii (ci). C tri buc ch cho b tri buc vo cc thin chp on v thng; cc kin chp khi vng bt c gi l gii. [3] Thin ng , s chng ng thin lch hay phin din, ch cho hng Nh tha chng ng sanh khng m khng t ng c php khng. [4] Ym tr , tr tu do nhm chn sanh t vi n lc gp rt i vo Nit-bn vnh vin tch dit. [5] Cnh gii , gi tit tho khng b lung lay. S t, "Cu bin"; "c cnh gii nh bt ty h, nguyn m tin thnh chi d gio" . Ct Tng (T42n1824_p0003a21): Cnh gii y c ngha l ch tit ; gi cht kh s tri v t cho l rt ro, khng chuyn hng tiu tm v i tha. [6] i tm , tm hn hp nh quan i him yu. Ct Tng (T42n1824_p0003b13), dn Kinh Th: "Nht nhn th i, vn phu mc tin.".

[7] Nh t ; Ct Tng dn Nit bn: "Sanh t chi tht t, cp d Nit bn tht t.". [8] Hoc th chi , Ct Tng (ibid.): hoc ngha l m hoc; th ngha l hng th. y ch hng Tiu tha hiu sai lm v th su xa ca Pht. [9] Huyn ch , ni theo th d "ngn tay ch mt trng." [10] Tc ha . Ct Tng dn chng Tng Triu: "o vin h tai, xc s tc chn. Thnh vin h tai, th chi tc thn." Li dn thm Ta Thp nh mn lun: "Ng i gic mng cnh, tc bch ho d an quy." y, nh vy, tc ha ch cho ngha tt c cc php vn v sanh. [11] Huyn ng chi tn . T ng ny thng ch cho cc nh Huyn hc Trung quc ch yu l Lo Trang. y, mn n bao gm cc nh siu hnh hc n . [12] Triu trit , ngha en, thu trit ch ni trong mt bui mai; y ch s n ng. T ng ny ly t Trang t, thin i tng s: "D sanh ngoi h nhi hu nng triu trit. Triu trit nhi hu nng kin c". . . Ct Tng dn Quch Tng gii thch: "Khin sanh t, vong ni ngoi, hot nhin v tr, kin c nhi tc, c vn triu trit d.". Sau li gii thch thm: "Bt sng triu nhi trit l" , chng y mt bui mai m thu trit l. [13] ng ng , Ct Tng dn KinhTh: "Vng o ng ng, v thin v ng.". [14] Xung giai , Xung tc xung h; Lo t: "o xung nhi dng chi" . Giai ch giai on, y ch B tt a. B tt a c thnh tu do qun khng, do gi l xung giai. [15] Huyn mn , mn t ca Lo T: "Huyn chi hu huyn, chng diu chi mn.". [16] Trn mai , cnh cy tr tri khng l. y ch hng phm phu cha c mt cht Thnh tr.

[17] Kh ty , cy a, ch Nh tha vi tr tu ym ly sanh t, th chng tch dit. [18] Xch huyn , thng ni l "Thn chu xch huyn" ch ton b lnh th Trung quc. [19] Hu khm ; Ct Tng, y ch cho tng ch trng yu: hu (c hng) ch s trng yu bn trong; khm (vt o) ch s trng yu bn ngoi. [20] Thm php ; ch cho php ca i tha. [21] Bch lun , -b B tt (rya-Deva) to, B-tu Khai s (Vasu[bandhu?]-Bodhisattva) gii thch Hn dch, Cu-ma-la-thp; i 30, No 1596. [22] Ch i tr lun, Long Th B tt to, Cu-ma-la-thp dch; i 25, No 1509. [23] Thp nh mn lun , Long Th B tt to; Cu-ma-la-thp dch; i 30 No 1568. Chn Thnh Cm T S B Thch N Chn Hin Trao Tng Th Vin Hoa Sen Cun Sch Ny Nhn Dp Ban Bin Tp n Thm S B Vo u Xun Gip Thn 2004 ti Hu (Tm Diu) ---o0o---

CHNG I: QUN NHN DUYN[1]


Khng sanh cng khng dit, Khng thng cng khng on, Khng nht cng khng d, Khng lai cng khng kh; Kho ni nhn duyn ny [2], Thin[3] dit nhng h lun.

Con ci u l Pht, Bc thuyt gio nht. Hi: V c g lm lun ny? p: c ngi ni: Vn vt do tri i T Ti [4] sanh ra. C ngi ni: Do tri Vi-nu[5] sinh ra. C ngi ni: Do s ha hip m sanh ra[6]. C ngi ni T thi gian sanh ra. C ngi ni: T th tnh pht sanh[7]. C ngi ni: Do s bin ha sanh ra. C ngi ni: Do t nhin m sanh ra. C ngi ni: Do vi trn m sanh ra. Nhng thuyt nh th u sai lm, ri vo trong cc t kin nh: V nhn, Thng nhn, on, Thng v chp cc th Ng v Ng s, khng bit r chnh php. c Th Tn mun on tr nhng t kin sai lm nh vy dn n Chnh Php, nn trc ht, i trong hng Thanh vn ni php Thp nh Nhn duyn. Li v nhng v tu tp hnh tr, tm tr qung i, c kh nng nhn lnh thm php; Ngi em l i Tha, ni tng Nhn duyn. Php Nhn duyn tc l tt c cc php u khng Sanh, khng Dit, khng Nht, khng D, v.v rt ro l khng, hon ton khng hin hu. Nh trong kinh Bt-nh ba-la-mt, Pht bo Ngi Tu-b-: B tt khi ngi o trng, qun Thp nh Nhn duyn cng nh h khng, khng cng tn. Sau c Pht dit 500 nm, trong thi k tng php, cn tnh con ngi tr thnh m n, m su cc php; i tm tng quyt nh ni mi hai Nhn duyn, 5 m, 12 nhp, 18 gii. Khng hiu thm ca Pht m ch chp vo vn t. Nghe kinh i tha ni: Rt ro Khng; chng bit v nhn duyn g m ni l Khng, t pht khi kin chp nghi ng rng: Nu tt c u rt ro l Khng, lm th no phn bit bo ng ca ti phc v.v V nh vy, khng c Th v nht ngha . Chp th tng Khng y, khi ln s tham trc, trong l rt ro Khng y m sinh khi v s sai lm. V nhng l do , nn Ngi Long Th lm b lun ny. Khng sanh cng khng dit, Khng thng cng khng, Khng nht cng khng d, Khng Lai cng khng kh;

Kho ni nhn duyn y, Thin, dit nhng h lun. Con ci u l Pht, Bc thuyt gio nht. Vi hai bi tng tn thn Pht. Nh vy l ni mt cch c ng v nht ngha. Hi: Cc Php v lng, sao ch dng tm iu y ph? p: Php tuy v lng, nhng lc ni tm s th cng gm ph tt c Php. Ni l khng sanh, bi v cc lun s c nhiu ch trng khc nhau v tng sanh. C ngi ni rng nhn qu nht th; nhn qu d th; trong nhn trc c qu; trong nhn trc khng qu. Hoc ni rng, sanh ra t chnh n, hoc sanh t ci khc, hoc ni sanh ra t c hai; hoc l c sanh; hoc ni khng c sanh. Nhng ch trng v tng sanh y u khng ng, iu ny sau s ni rng. V khng th tm thy tnh cht c nh ca tng sanh nn ni l Khng Sanh. khng sanh lm th no c hoi dit. V khng sanh, khng dit cho nn su iu cn li cng khng. Hi: Khng sanh, khng dit tng ph tt c php, sao cn ni chuyn su iu? p: V thnh ngha bt sanh, bt dit. C ngi khng chp nhn bt sanh bt dit, nhng li tin nhn bt thng, bt on. Nu thm tm tin bt thng bt on, th cng tc ng ngha bt sanh,bt dit. Ti sao? Nu php tht s hin hu th chng phi l Khng. Trc c nay khng tc l on. Nh nu trc c tnh c nh, tc l thng. Th nn ni khng thng, khng on l dn vo ngha khng sanh, khng dit. C ngi tuy nghe cc php b bc b bi bn trng hp trn, nhng li chng minh s tn ti ca cc php bng bn trng hp khc, v iu ny vn khng ng. Nu l nht th th khng duyn; d th th chng tng tc. Sau s ni rng, th nn ni khng nht, cng khng d.

C ngi nghe dng su s th ny bc b cc php, nhng vn chng minh s tn ti ca cc php bng s n (lai) v i (xut). Ni l n (lai) ngha l cc php t T Ti Thin, t Th tnh, t vi trn v.v.. n. Ni l i (Xut) l i v bn x. Li na, vn vt khng c sanh. V sao? V theo ci thy hin thc ca th gian, theo ci thy bng con mt ca th gian, th vo bui kip s la khng sanh. Ti sao? V la ht la ca kip s th la hin ti khng th c. Nu la la ca kip s m c la hin ti th c sanh; nhng tht chng phi, nn khng sanh. Hi: Nu khng sanh th c dit? p: Khng dit. V sao? V theo ci thy hin thc ca th gian vy. Theo ci thy bng con mt ca th gian th la ca kip s khng hoi dit; nu n dit, l ra nay chng c lu; nhng tht c la, nn khng dit. Hi: Khng dit th thng? p: Khng thng. V sao? V theo ci thy hin thc ca th gian vy. Theo ci thy bng con mt ca th gian th vn vt khng thng, nh la khi ny mm th ht ging kia mc r; th nn khng hng. Hi: Nu khng thng th on? p: Khng on. Ti sao? V theo ci thy hin thc ca th gian vy. Theo ci thy bng con mt ca th gian th vn vt chng on. Nh t ht la m c mm, nn khng on; nu on th chng tng tc. Hi: Nh th vn vt l Mt? p: Khng mt. Ti sao? V theo ci thy hin thc ca th gian vy. Theo ci thy bng con mt ca th gian vn vt chng phi mt. Nh la khng phi mm; mm l la th l mt. Nhng tht chng phi; th nn khng phi mt. Hi: Nu chng phi mt th khc? p: Khng phi khc. V sao? V theo ci thy hin thc ca th gian vy. Theo ci thy bng con mt ca th gian th vn vt chng khc. Nu khc,

lm th no phn bit mm la, nhnh la, l la, m khng ni: mm cy, nhnh cy, l cy v.v..; th nn khng khc. Hi: Nu khng khc th c n? p: Khng n. Ti sao? V theo ci thy hin thc ca th gian vy. Theo ci thy bng con mt ca th gian th vn vt khng n; nh mm trong ht la khng t u n. Nu n, th mm phi t ch khc n; nh chim kia n u trn cnh cy, nhng tht khng phi nn khng n. Hi: Nu khng n th c i? p: Khng i. Ti sao? V theo ci thy hin thc ca th gian vy. Theo ci thy bng con mt ca th gian th vn vt chng i. Nu c i th l ra thy mm t ni ht la m i ra; nh con rn t hang b ra, nhng tht chng phi th, nn khng i. Hi: ng tuy gii thch ngha bt sanh, bt dit. Nhng ti mun nghe quan im ca Lun ch. p: Cc php khng t sanh, Khng t ci khc sanh, T c hai, khng nhn. Th nn bit khng sanh[8] [1]

Khng t sanh l vn vt khng t t th pht sanh, phi nh cc duyn. Li na, nu t t th sanh ra th mt php c hai th: 1) S sanh. 2) Ci sanh. Nu la cc nhn khc m t t th sanh th khng nhn, khng duyn. Li na, sanh ri li sanh na, s sanh s v cng. V t th khng c nn tha th cng khng. Ti sao? C t nn c tha, nu khng t t th pht sanh cng chng t tha th pht sanh. Cng sanh th c hai li: t sanh, tha sanh. Nu khng nhn m c vn vt tc l thng; iu y khng ng. Khng nhn th khng qu. Nu khng c nhn m c qu th nhng ngi b th, tr gii v.v nn a a ngc, k to ti thp c, ng nghch c sanh thin ng, v khng nhn vy.

Li na, Nh t tnh cc php, Khng tn ti trong duyn. V vn khng t tnh, Nn tha tnh cng khng[9] [2]

T tnh ca cc php khng c trong cc duyn; ch do cc duyn ha hip m c c tn gi. T tnh tc l t th. Trong cc duyn, chng c t tnh. T tnh khng, nn chng t pht sanh. T tnh khng th tha tnh cng khng. V sao? Do t tnh m c tha tnh. Tha tnh i vi tha th cng l t tnh. Nu ph hy t tnh tc hy ph tha tnh. Th nn, khng phi t tha tnh sanh ra. Nu ph t tnh, tha tnh tc ph hy ngha cng tnh. Nu ni khng nhn, th c li ln. C nhn m cn b ph hung h khng nhn. Trong bn trng hp y khng tm thy c s sanh, th nn khng sanh. Hi: Cc nh A-t-m ni: Cc Php do bn duyn m pht sanh. Ti sao ni khng sanh? Bn duyn nh th no? Nhn duyn, th duyn, Duyn duyn, tng thng duyn; Bn duyn sanh cc php, Khng c duyn th nm[10] [3]

Tt c cc duyn c bit n u thu tm trong bn duyn; do bn duyn ny m mun vt c pht sanh. Nhn duyn[11], ch tt c cc php hu vi. Th duyn[12]; tr tm v tm s st na ti hu ca A-la-hn thuc qu kh v hin ti, cn li cc tm v tm s thuc qu kh khc.

Duyn duyn[13] v tng thng duyn[14], ch tt c cc php. Qu l t duyn sanh, Hay l phi duyn sanh? Chnh duyn y c qu, Hay l Duyn khng qu?[15]. [4] Nu ni c qu, th qu y t duyn pht sanh hay t phi duyn pht sanh? Nu ni c duyn th chnh duyn y c qu hay l khng qu? C hai trng hp u chng ng. Ti sao? Qu sanh do php y, Php y gi l duyn. Nu qu y cha sanh, Sao khng ni phi duyn? [5] Cc duyn khng c tnh cht quyt nh. V sao? Nu qu cha pht sanh, lc y khng gi l duyn; ch khi con mt thy t duyn pht sanh qu mi gi n l duyn. Duyn th tu thnh l do qu th; v qu c sau. duyn c trc. Nu cha c qu, u c gi duyn. Nh chic bnh l do t, nc phi hp m pht sanh; thy bnh th bit t, nc v.v l duyn ca bnh. Nu bnh khi cha c, sao khng ni t, nc v.v l phi duyn? Th nn qu khng t duyn pht sanh. T duyn m n cn chng sanh hung l t phi duyn. Li na: Qu trc trong duyn, C, khng u bt thnh. Trc khng, duyn ci g? Trc c, cn g duyn?[16]. [6]

Trong duyn, trc khng c qu, cng chng phi khng qu. Nu trc c qu, khng gi l duyn. V qu trc c. Nu trc khng qu cng chng l duyn; v khng pht sanh vt khc. Hi: tng ph nhn duyn. Nay mun nghe mi ph cc duyn. p: Nh qu khng c sanh[17], Cng chng phi khng sanh, Chng phi c khng sanh, Sao c ni c duyn?[18] [7]

Nu duyn c th pht sanh qu th c ba trng hp: C, khng, hoc va c va khng. Nh bi tng trc ni; trong duyn, nu trc c qu th khng nn ni sanh; v trc c. Nu trc khng qu cng chng c ni sanh, v trc khng c; v trong trng hp duyn hay phi duyn u nh nhau. Va c va khng cng khng sanh; va c va khng l na c na khng, c hai u li. Li c v khng tri ngc. Khng v c tri ngc nhau, th lm th no mt php c th c cng hai tng y? Nh th, trong ba trng hp khng th tm thy c tng sanh ca qu, lm sao ni c nhn duyn? V Th duyn: Qu nu khi cha sanh, Th khng th c dit. Php dit, lm sao duyn, Nn khng th duyn. [8]

Cc tm vng, tm s php, trong ba thi tip ni sanh khi. Tm s php hin ti hy dit lm th duyn cho tm v tm s php v lai. Nhng php v lai cha sanh th chng lm th duyn cho ci g? Nu php v lai c, tc pht sanh th cn g th duyn? Tm v tm s hin ti th nim nim lin tc chng nh tr[19]. Nu khng nh tr, th th no c

th lm th duyn? Nu c nh tr th chng phi php hu vi. V sao? Tt c php hu vi thng l dit tng. Nu hy dit th khng th lm th duyn cho ci g c. Nu ni php hy dit nhng vn tn ti th tc l thng; thng th chng c ti phc v.v Hoc ni rng ngay khi ang dit, n c th lm th duyn; nhng ang dit c ngha l na dit, na cha dit ch khng c php th ba no khc c gi l ci ang dit. Li na, c Th Tn dy: Tt c Php hu vi nim nim hy dit, khng c chng khong mt nim nh tr, lm sao ni php hin ti c s kin sp dit v sp cha dit? Nu ng ni rng trong mt nim khng c ci sp dit v cha sp dit[20], nh vy l t bc b ch trng ca mnh. V trong A-t-m ca ng c ni rng: C php dit v php khng dit; c php sp dit, v php khng sp dit. Php sp dit l php hin ti sp mun hy dit. Php khng sp dit l tr php hin ti sp mun hy dit; cn li cc php khc thuc hin ti v cc php thuc qu kh, v lai v v vi, l nhng php khng sp dit. Cho nn, khng c th duyn. V duyn duyn[21]: Php chn tht vi diu[22], Nh Ch Pht ni: l php khng duyn, Vy u c duyn duyn.[23] [9]

c Pht dy, trong cc php i tha, nhng g hoc c sc, hoc khng sc, hu hnh, v hnh, hu lu, v lu, hu vi, v vi. Nhng php tng y nhp php tnh. Tt c u Khng, khng tng, khng duyn. V nh dng sng chy vo bin, ng lm mt v. Tht Php c th tin nhng c ni ra theo c nghi nn khng th cho l tht. Do , khng c s duyn duyn. V Tng thng duyn: Cc php khng t tnh, Nn khng c tng c.[24] Ni rng: Ci ny c, Nn kia c.[25] Khng ng. [10]

Kinh ni v Mi hai nhn duyn rng Ci ny c, cho nn ci kia c. iu y khng ng. Ti sao? V vn php t cc duyn pht sanh, cho nn t n khng c nh tnh. Khng c nh tnh, do khng c tng c. Tng c khng c lm sao c th ni: Ci ny c, cho nn ci kia c. Do , khng c tng thng duyn. c Th Tn ty theo s phn bit c v khng ca phm phu m thuyt php. Li na: Trong nhn duyn ring, chung[26], Khng th tm thy qu. Trong nhn duyn nu khng, Lm sao t duyn khi? [11]

Chng l ch cho s tp hp ca cc duyn, trong khng c qu. Ring l ch cho tng nhn duyn ring bit, trong cng chng c qu. Nu trong nhn duyn chung v ring m khng qu, lm th no ni qu t nhn duyn pht sanh? Li na: Nu ni duyn khng qu, M t duyn pht sanh; Qu y sao chng t Trong phi duyn pht xut? [12] Nu khng th tm thy qu trong nhn duyn, th ti sao n khng xut hin t ci phi duyn? Nh trong t bn, khng c bnh, th ti sao bnh khng xut hin t sa? Li na: Nu qu t duyn sanh; Duyn y khng t tnh.[27]

T v t tnh sanh, Sao c t duyn sanh. Qu chng t duyn sanh, Khng t phi duyn sanh. V qu vn khng c, Duyn, phi duyn cng khng [14] Qu t cc duyn pht sanh. Duyn y khng c tnh c nh. Nu khng c t tnh th khng c php; khng c php lm th no c th pht sanh? Th nn qu khng t duyn sanh. Khng t duyn sanh tc l ph nh duyn, nn ni l phi duyn. Tht ra, chng c php phi duyn. Th nn, khng t phi duyn m sanh. Nu n khng sanh khi t hai trng hp , th th qu khng c. Khng c qu, do duyn v phi duyn cng khng. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1] Nhn duyn, hay duyn, Skt. pratyaya: iu kin quan h. Cn phn bit vi nhn duyn ch hai yu t nhn (hetu:nguyn nhn) va duyn (pratyaya).TS [2] Trong bn Skt., cac t bt bt, duyn khi (prattyasamutpdam), dit h lun (prapacopazamam) v thin (zivam) l nhng t ng cch, do d c hiu l ng ngha, va cng ch chung mt thc ti. TS [3] Thin, trong cc gii thch Hn u hiu l trng t, do thin dit... c gii thch l dit tr mt cch kho lo, ton thin. Thin trong bn Sanskrit l ziva: an n, ct tng, tch tnh... Gii thch ca Prasannapda: sarvaprapacopamazivalakwaa nirva... cc phm tnh dit h lun, an n (ziva), ch cho Nit-bn. TS [4] i T Ti thin, hay Ma-h-th-la thin (Skt. Mahezvara), bit danh ca Ziva (Thn Thp-b), Thng , hay Thn sng to th gi, vn vt; mt chi phi tn ngng thuc n gio. [13]

[5] Vi-nu thin (Viwu), Thng , hay Thn sng to. Nguyn l thn Mt tri. Cng vi Brahman, v Ziva, hp thnh Tam v nht th (trimrti) hay Cha Ba ngi ca n gio. TS [6] Ct Tng, Trung qun lun s (i 42, tr. 15a): dn -b, C mt phi ngoi o ch trng trc khi c loi ngi, tn ti mt ngi nam v mt ngi n.T hai ngi ny sinh ra vn vt; do ni l sinh t s ha hip. Bn Skt., Akutobhaya (V y lun): zvarapuruwobhaya-..., t Cha tri, t Linh hn nguyn thy, t c hai... TS [7] Ct Tng, sd. : ch trng ca phi Minh s. Th gii khi nguyn t s ti tm mng mui. Ch trng ny lin h vi thuyt Prakfti ca S lun (Sankhy). TS [8] Ngi Long Th B tt mun chng ta nhn nh li hoc hiu thm v l nhn duyn sanh mt cch hu l, khng ri vo thin kin, m chp, c nh. Pht Php l bt nh php. N phi c th hin qua thi gian, khng gian, ty cn c ca mi tng lp nhn sanh, trnh tr thc hay km tr thc. Bnh trm trng ca nhn loi chng sanh l bnh thin kin, c chp; cc php thng tn, on dit, hay l do Thng , Phm Thin sng to v.v. chnh nguyn nhn c chp lm tr ngi con ng khai phng t ti gii thot. C chp l khng c tinh thn uyn chuyn, m tm mt, tm hn khong i, nhn lnh v quan st cng tn chn l ph qut, tan din. Ni rng cc php c nhn duyn sanh; s tht ngy nay khng ai cn ngh rng s vt trong v tr ny l t v nhn hay ngu nhin c, m khng phi t nhiu nhn t, phng tin iu kin hp thnh, nh ci bn, ci gh. Ngay bn thn chng ta, cng do nhiu nhn t hp thnh Nhng chng ta ng khng nh rng tt c u do nhn duyn sanh m c chp nhn duyn. [9] Cc php do nhn duyn sanh l chnh n khng c t tnh. T tnh l ch bn th thng tr m Long Th B Tt gi l Znya, tnh chn khng. Bn th ny khng phi t nhn duyn hay phi nhn duyn. Do t tnh bn th chn khng l tnh bt sanh bt dit [10] Nhng nu chng ta quan nim rng, ngoi php nhn duyn sanh c mt t tnh thng tr khc, thuc phi nhn duyn, quan nim nh th cng l sai lm thin kin. Cn c quan nim v hu nhn duyn, phi nhn duyn v.v l cn cc bin chp trc c khng.

[11] Nhn duyn (hetu-pratyaya), iu kin sanh l nguyn nhn trc tip. Khng nn nhm vi t nhn duyn trong ca chng. TS [12] Th duyn, cng gi l ng v gin duyn (samanantara-pratyaya), iu kin pht sanh l s tip ni lin tc. TS [13] Duyn duyn, hay s duyn duyn (lambana-pratyaya), iu kin thc sanh khi l i tng thc bm vo. TS [14] Tng thng duyn (adhipati-pratyaya), iu kin l nhng tc ng gian tip (ca mi trng). TS [15] Chng ta thng hiu qu l t nhn duyn sanh ra. Nh th vi nhn ging nhau hay khc? Theo quan nim rng qu khng khc nhn, bi nhn sanh ra qu. Nhn no qu y quan nim nh th khng phi sai, song khng phi hon ton ng. Bi v, nu qu ging nhn, nhn qu khng khc, nh vy ngi ta t danh t nhn qu lm g? Nhn qu khng khc, c ngha nhn tc l qu, qu tc l nhn. V nh th nhn qu l mt. Khi ni nhn trong y c qu th khng cn ni qu ca nhn, thm tha. [16] Nh nu ni qu khc vi nhn. iu ny cng khng ng. Nhn khc, qu khc th cng nh ni ht mang cu (nhn) sanh ra tri mt (qu). Quan nim trong nhn c qu, trong nhn khng c qu, qu chng phi l nhn duyn, hu qu, v qu, phi nhn, phi qu l quan nim cn trong t tng ln qun. Thu trit chn l Pht gio l ngi phi nhn nh phn minh cc ngha hp, ngha rng, s l v tng i tuyt i dung ha khng gian thi gian, ty duyn bt bin, bt bin ty duyn. [17] Hn: phi hu sanh, nn hiu l khng hin hu hay khng tn ti; Skt. na san... TS [18] Bi tng ny ph phn khi nim nhn hay nguyn nhn (hetu), tc duyn th nht trong bn duyn. Nhng theo Ct Tng, c 4 bi tng trn u nhm ph phn v nhn duyn; 3 bi k tip, ph phn 3 duyn cn li. TS [19] Ct Tng, Trung qun lun s 3 (i 30, tr. 49b): Trong Thng ta b, c mt Lun s ch trung (y ch Ttheravda-Pali) rng sc php dit ngay khi va sanh, nhng tm php tn ti trong 15 st-na mi dit. TS

[20] Hn: dc dit, v dc dit. Lun s ca Ct Tng c l dc dit bt dc dit, v gii thch: dc dit, ch phn sp dit trong hin ti.; bt dc dit, ch phn bt u sanh trong hin ti. (Trung qun lun s 3, i 30, tr. 50a). TS [21] Phn bit hai t duyn ng m nhng khc ngha. T duyn trc, Skt. lambana, s (hay ci, ) vin vo, bm vo. T duyn sau, Skt. pratyaya, iu kin cn c pht sanh. TS [22] T Skt. trong bn La-thp c l sad- dharma (chn tht vi diu php. Cc bn Sanskrit hin c u c l san dharma (php ang tn ti). TS [23] Chnh th, B tt Long Th p dng lun c uyn chuyn bng hc thuyt Tnh Khng trong Trung Qun lun, bt u bng nguyn l nhn duyn sanh. V y l u mi a n dit vng chp v gii thot ton din, gic ng vin mn qua l Trung o nht ngha . [24] Tham chiu bn Skt.: bhvn nihsvabhvn na satt vidyate yatah, v khng th nhn thc c s hin hu ca nhng hu th vn khng t hu. [25] Tm tt pht biu v duyn khi ca Pht: th hu c b hu, th sanh c b sanh... (asmin satda bhavati). TS [66] Hn: lc qung nhn duyn trung; tham chiu bn Skt.: (...) vyastasamastewu pratyayewv-..., trong cc iu kin b tch ri hay c kt hp. TS [27] Tham chiu Skt.: phala ca pratyayamaya pratyatz csvayammayh, kt qu l ci c tc thnh bi duyn (iu kin); nhng cc duyn li l nhng ci khng t tc thnh. ---o0o---

CHNG II: QUN KH LAI[1]


Hi: Theo ci thy bng con mt ca th gian, c tc ng trong ba thi, tc l ci i ci cha i; v ci ang i[2]. V c tc ng nn bit c cc Php. p:

1) Ci i khng i. Cha i cng khng i. Ngoi ci v cha, ang i cng chng i.[3] Ci i khng i, v i. Nu la s i m c tc nghip i[4] th khng ng. Ci cha i cng khng i, v s kin i[5] cha c. Ci ang i c ngha mt na i, na cha i; v n khng ngoi i v cha i. Hi: 2) C i trong c ng[6]; Trong y c ang i, Ch khng phi , cha, Vy ang i c i[7]. Ty theo ch no c tc nghip th ch y c s kin i. Theo ci thy ca con mt, c tc nghip trong khi ang i. Trong ci i th tc nghip dit; trong ci cha i th cha c tc nghip. Th nn bit trong khi ang i c s i. p: 3) Lm sao khi ang i, M c s kin i[8]? Nu la s kin i, Ci ang i khng th. Ci ang i c s kin i, iu ny khng ng. V sao? La s kin i khng c ci ang i. Nu la s kin i m c ci ang i[9] th mi c th ni trong ci ang i c s kin i, cng nh trong a kia c tri cy[10]. Li na:

4) Nu ni ang i i, Ni nh vy l sai. La i, c ang i, ang i, i mt mnh[11]. Nu ni rng khng c s kin i trong ci i v cha i, nhng ci ang i tht s c i[12]; ni nh vy l sai. Nu la s kin i m c ci ang i th khng cn n s lm nhn cho nhau. Ti sao? Nu ni ci ang i c s kin i, nh vy l c hai s i. Nhng s tht khng nh vy. Do khng th ni la s kin i c ci ang i. Li na: 5) Nu ang i c i[13]; Th c hai s i: Mt l ci ang i, Hai, s i ang i[14] Nu ni ci ang i c s i, ni nh vy l sai lm ch c hai s i: mt l do s kin i m c ci ang i, hai l trong ci ang i c s kin i. Hi: Nu c hai s i c li g? p: 6) C hai s kin i, Th c hai ngi i[15]. V la ngi i ra, S i khng th c. Nu c hai s kin i, tc c hai ngi i. V sao? Do s kin i m c ngi i. Mt ngi m c hai s kin i v hai ngi i th chng ng. Th nn ci ang i cng khng i.

Hi : La ngi i khng c s kin i, th c th ng. Nhng nay trong ba thi quyt nh c ngi i. p: 7) Nu la ngi i ra, S i chng th c. V chng c s i; Lm g c ngi i? Nu la ngi i; s kin i chng th c. Nay lm th no trong s kin khng i m ni rng ba thi quyt nh c ngi i? Li na: 8) Ngi i th khng i, Ngi khng i chng i. La ngi i, chng i, Khng ngi i th ba. Khng c ngi i, v sao? Nu c ngi i th c hai trng hp: hoc l ngi i, hoc l ngi khng i. Ngoi hai ngi ny, chng c ngi th ba. Hi: Nu ngi i c i th c li g? p: 9) Nu ni ngi i i; Lm g c ngha ny. Nu la s i ra, Ngi i, khng th c.

Nu ni, quyt nh c ngi i thc hin s kin i; ni th th khng ng. Ti sao? V la s kin i, ngi i khng th c. Nu la ngi i m quyt nh c s kin i th ngi i mi c th thc hin s kin i, nhng s tht chng phi vy. Li na: 10) Nu ngi i c i, Th c hai th i Mt l ngi i i, Hai l ci i i. Nu ni ngi i thc hin s kin i th c hai li, l trong mt ngi i m c hai s i: Mt l do s kin i tu thnh ngi i, hai do ngi i tu thnh s kin i. Ngi i tu thnh ri, sau mi thc hin s i. iu y khng ng, th nn trong 3 thi quyt nh c ngi i dng ci i, chng ng. Li na: 11) Nu ni ngi i i, Ni vy l sai lm. La i c ngi i. Ngi i c s i. Nu ni ngi i thc hin s kin i th c li: la s kin i c ngi i. Ti sao? Ni rng ngi i thc hin s kin i; th l ngi i c trc, sau mi c s kin i. Nhng iu khng hp l. Ba thi khng c ngi i. Li na, nu quyt nh c s i v ngi i th phi c s ct bc u tin nhng trong ba thi khng tm thy c s ct bc. V sao? 12) i chng ct bc[16]; Cha i khng ct bc; ang i khng ct bc;

Ct bc vo lc no? V sao trong ba thi khng c s ct bc? 13) Trong khi cha ct bc[17], Khng ang i, i. Hai s y mi ct, Cha i u ct bc? 14) Khng i, cha i, Cng l khng ang i, Tt c chng ct bc, Vy sao li phn bit. Nu mt ngi cha ct bc th khng ang i, cng khng i. Nu c s ct bc, th ch c trong hai trng hp: Trong i v ang i. Nhng c hai u chng ng. Cn khi cha i th v cha c s ct bc, do trong trng hp cha i lm g c ct bc, khng c s ct bc cho nn khng c s i. Khng c s i, nn chng c ngi i. Vy lm th no c s i, cha i v ang i? Hi: Nu khng c s i, khng c ngi i, th c s ng, ngi ng? p: 15) Ngi i th chng ng[18], Ngi khng i chng ng. Ngoi ngi i, khng i, Ngi th ba no ng? Nu ni c s ng, c ngi ng, th phi ni ngi i y ng hay l ngi khng i y ng? La hai trng hp ny ra m c ngi th ba ng th iu chng ng.

Ngi i m khng ng l v s i cha chm dt. Ngc li i gi l ng. Ngi khng i cng chng ng. Ti sao? Nhn s kin i chm dt mi c ng; khng i th chng ng. La ci ngi i v ci ngi khng i, khng c ngi th ba no ng. Nu c ngi th ba no ng th ngi y ch c th l ngi i hay ngi khng i. V th, khng th ni ngi i no ng. Li na: 16) Ngi i m l ng. Lm g c ngha ny; Nu la s kin i, Ngi i chng th c[19]. ng ni rng: Ngi i y ng iu ny khng ng. V sao? La s kin i, ngi i chng th c. Nu ngi i trong tnh trng i, th lm th no c th ng? i v ng tri hn nhau vy. Li na: 17) Cha i th khng ng; ang i cng chng ng; Mi bin hnh, nh ch, u cng ngha s i. Nu ni ngi i c ng th ngi ny phi ng trong ba trng hp i, cha i v ang i. Nhng c ba trng hp chng c ng. Th nn ng ni ngi i c ng l khng ng. Cng nh s bc b s kin i v s kin ng, s bc b cc s kin bin hnh v nh ch cng ging nh vy. S bin hnh l nh t ht ging la tng tc n khi ny mm m chi, tri l v.v S nh ch ch l ht ging la mc r, th mm, nhnh, l cng r. S tng tc l s bin hnh. S gin on l s nh ch. Li nh duyn v minh m c cc hnh cho n lo t, th gi l hnh[20]. V minh dit nn cc hnh dit v.v gi l ch.

Hi: ng tuy bng mi cch bc b s i, ngi i; s ng, ngi ng. M theo ci thy ca con mt th vn c s i, ng. p: Ci thy ca con mt tht chng th tin. Nu tht c s i, ngi i, th do mt php thnh hay hai php thnh tu? C hai u c li. V sao? 18) S i tc ngi i, iu y th khng ng. S i khc ngi i, iu y cng chng ng. Nu s kin i v ngi i l mt th khng ng, m khc cng chng ng. Hi: Mt v khc c li g? p: 19) Nu ni s kin i, Cng chnh l ngi i. Tc gi v tc nghip, C hai phi l mt. 20) Nu ni s kin i, C khc vi ngi i. La ngi i c i, La i, c ngi i. C hai trng hp nh vy u c li, ti sao? Nu s kin i tc l ngi i, th l thc lon ph hy nhn duyn. Do s i m c ngi i; nhn ngi i mi c s i. Li s i l php, ngi i l nhn. Nhn th vn thng, m php th vn v thng. Nu c hai l mt th c hai hoc u l thng, hoc u l v thng. Nu c hai l mt th c nhng li nh th.

Nu chng khc nhau th s c s mu thun, cha c s kin i m li c ngi i, cha c ngi i m li c s kin i. Chng chng c quan h nhau. Nh vy, s kin ny chm dt m s kin kia vn tn ti. Trong trng hp chng khc nhau cng c li nh th. Li na: 21) S i v ngi i, D mt hay d khc, C hai u bt thnh, Trng hp no chng thnh. Nu ngi i v s kin i c chng thnh rng chng l mt, hay c chng thnh rng khc. C hai trng hp u khng th. trn ni chng c s kin th ba no c chng thnh. Nu ni c tu thnh th phi ni rng: ch l do nhn duyn. y cn ni thm v khng c s i v khng c ngi i. 22) Nhn i bit ngi i, Khng cn s i . Trc chng c s i, Nn khng ngi i i. Vi s kin i no m ngi i c bit n th chnh ngi i y chng th thc hin s i y. V sao? V khi m s kin i cha c, th khng c ngi i, cng khng c ci ang i, i v s i. y khng phi nh trng hp trc tin c con ngi, c thnh p ri mi c s i n. Bi v, y ngi i c chng minh do s kin i, v s kin i c chng thnh do bi ngi i. Li na: 23) Nhn i bit ngi i, (Ngi i) khng cn s i khc.

V trong mt ngi i, Khng c hai s i.[21] Vi s kin i no m ngi i c bit n, th ngi i y khng th thc hin s i khc. Ti sao? Trong mt ngi i khng th c hai s kin i. 24) Ngi i quyt nh c, Khng dng ba s i. Ngi i khng quyt nh, Cng khng ba s i. 25) S i nh, khng nh, Ngi i chng dng ba. Nn s i, ngi i, Ch i n u khng. Quyt nh c ngha l vn tht c, chng nhn s kin i m pht sanh. S kin i l s c ng ca thn. Ba s i l ci i, cha i v ang i. Nu ngi i quyt nh c, th la s kin i m c ngi i; ch khng th c s ng. Do , ngi i quyt nh c, th n khng th thc hin ba s i. Gi s ngi i khng quyt nh c. Khng quyt nh ngha l vn tht s khng c. Nhng nhn s kin i m c th ni n ngi i. V khng c s kin i nn ngi i m khng thc c th khng th thc hin ba s i. Nhn s kin i m c ngi i. Nu trc tin khng c s kin i th chng c ngi i; lm sao c th ni: ngi i khng quyt nh c m c th thc hin ba s i? Nh trng hp ngi i, s kin i cng th. Nu trc la ngi i m quyt nh c s kin i th khng do ngi i m c s kin i. Th nn ngi i chng th thc hin ba s kin i. Nu quyt nh khng c s kin i th cn g n ngi i. Nh th, suy ngh quan st: s kin i, ngi i, ch i n u do tng quan m tu thnh. Nhn s kin i m c ngi i, do c ngi i nn c s kin i, nhn hai s th ny m c ch i n, ch chng th ni: Quyt nh c hay quyt nh khng.

Th nn, quyt nh bit ba php h vng khng tht, ch c gi danh, nh huyn nh ha. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1] Chng ny khng d nm bt vi nhng v cha lm quen vi ng php Sanskrit; v nhng phn tch v s thnh lp cc t ng v quan h gia cc t ng u da trn cc quy lut ng php Sanskrit rt phc tp. Mt s ch thch Skt. s cn thit. TS [2] Hn: d kh, v kh, kh thi; Skt. gata (qu kh phn t ca ng GAM: i); agata (ph nh ca gata), gamyamna (hin ti phn t th ng ca GAM). Ts [3] Qun kh lai l tho lun v thi gian v v tr di dch ca s vt, kh ngha l i (Skt. gata), ch thi gian i qua. Lai l n (Skt. gata) l ni thi gian n. Thi gian chia lm 3 giai on: qu kh hin ti v v lai. Lm th no ngi ta minh nh tht ti mi gii gia thi gian qu kh v thi gian v lai, ngha l ranh gii thi gian qua v thi gian cha n (d kh, v lai)? Thi gian khong gia, i (d kh) v cha n (v lai), phi chng gi l hin ti? y l vn c Ngi Long Th a ra tho lun. Trong bi tng 17, 18 v 19, B tt Long Th a ra nhng nghi vn v d kh, v kh v kh thi (lc chuyn ng i). D kh l ch ng tc i, v kh l ch ng tc cha i, kh thi l ch ng tc ang lc chuyn ng. Nu i tc l ni n ng tc i ri (d kh). i ri u cn g na m ni c i (hu kh). Cn cha i (v kh) l ni cha c s ng tc di dch, th khng th ni rng c i. Ngoi ci i v cha i m c ci lc i (kh thi) l khng ng. V kh thi l ch lc ng tc. D kh v v kh khng c th chnh kh thi cng khng th c c. Do , t cu 20, 21 Long Th B Tt nhn mnh gii by ci lm li y. [4] Hn: kh nghip; Skt. gata-karma, hnh ng i (vn chuyn). TS [5] Hn: kh php; Skt. gata-dharma= gati, danh t c lp t ng t GAM ch trang thi. Hn cng dch l th trong t lc th tc su no lun hi. TS [6] Hn: ng x; Skt. cewa: s c ng tay chn; s vn ng, hnh ng. TS

[7] Hn: kh thi kh; Skt.: gamyamne gatis, c s i trong s ang i. Ch th i c chng minh bng hnh vi ang i. TS [8] Hn: kh php y, Skt.: gamana, ch tc ng i; khng ng nht vi kh php trong bi tng 2 trn, m Skt. l gati, ch trng thi vn ng. TS [9] Tham chiu Skt.: gamyamnam agamana, tc ng khng i trong hin ti ang i. Cu trc ng php ca lun l y kh t nh. Hin ti phn t th ng gamyamna (ang i) v danh t ch hnh ng agamana u ng cch, cho thy pht biu tuy hp quy tc theo ng php nhng t mu thun trong khi nim. TS [10] Theo th d ny th quan h ng cch (xem cht. 4 trn) c gii thch l quan h mi trng hay s y ( tht chuyn thanh).TS [11] Tham chiu Skt.: (...) gamyamna hi gamyate, phn t hin ti (gamyamna) lm ch t cho ng t chia th th ng (gamyate), th hin ti. TS [12] Xem cht. 6 trang trc. TS [13] Skt.: gamana-dvaya: hai hnh ng i. TS [14] Hn: kh thi kh. Skt.: atra gamana, bn thn hnh ng i. TS [15] Skt. gantf, ch th (nhn cch) i. TS [16] Hn: d kh trung v pht. Ct Tng gii thch, pht tc pht tc: d chn ln; Th gian ni, i nghn dm ng, u nhn bi s pht tc. Skt. : gate nrabhyate gantum, (n) khng bt u i trong ci i. y dng ng t th v hn (gantum) ch hng vn ng. TS [17] Hn: v pht. Skt.: prva gamanrambhd, trc khi khi s i. TS [18] Hn: tr. Skt. tihati, nh tr, ng hay dng li. TS [19] Thi gian chuyn ng lin l v tn, n khng c hnh tng mi gii, nn kh phn nh ranh gii ca thi gian, ng tc qu kh, hin ti v v lai. Qu kh khng c th hin ti, v lai cng khng. Qu kh qua, v lai cha n, hin ti khng an tr. S tng quan tng duyn gia ng chuyn thi gian, v tr khng gian, l mt th trin min t nh. Nu vng

tm c chp nh th ny, th khc, u l sai lm vng kin. Bi mi s vt mt khi c ci ny, th c ci khc. Kh hoc khng th ni ci ny c trc ci kia. Ci n chnh l ci cha n trc kia, ci cha n chnh l ci ri sp n. N xoay vn nh bnh xe quay trn khng bit u l u mi trc sau, sau trc ca thi gian. Ch do khi nim ca con ngi t ra mt ngy m 24 ting ng h, mt thng 30 ngy, mt nm 12 thng, bn ma xun h thu ng. Ban ngy l ch ch no qu t xoay ng chiu hng mt tri ri sng, ban m l ch ni no qu t cha xoay qua hng mt tri. Nh th trong khi cc nc phng ng, nh nc V.N chng hn, tri sng gi l ban ngy, th trong lc y cc nc nm trong khu vc Ty phng qu t xoay cha n hng mt tri th gi l ban m. Nh th thi gian ngy m sng ti l da vo qu t xoay v mt tri, thi gian t n khng phn bit c sai khc, cng nh xun n, thu tn, h nhit, ng hn, bn ma trong mt nm, v nm no cng nh nm ny, bng s hn nh nhn to 365 ngy, 100 nm l mt th k. [20] Hnh (Skt. saskra) trong 12 nhn duyn ng m nhng khng ng ngha vi hnh trong bin hnh (Skt. sampravftti) y. [21] Mt ngi trong lc di chuyn gi l i (kh) trong lc i, chnh l lc n cng ang qua, lc ang, th khng th c ci cha n; ngi cha i, cng khng c hnh ng i (kh php) th s i, ang i v khi i (d kh, hin kh, thi kh) cng khng cn c vo u m gi l i Chn tnh tht th bn lai khng c kh lai , ng ty nam bc, m khng ch no khng lc no, chn tnh bn th khng hin hin, ch v nhn loi chng sanh m mui v minh, do c phn bit l mt l hai, khc v khng sai khc, i n ch thin kin c chp h vng; C chp, l s tr lc to ln i vi o gii thot. ---o0o---

CHNG III: QUN LC TNH


Hi: Trong kinh ni c su tnh[1]. l: 25)Su tnh l: mt, tai, Mi, li, v thn .[2] Su tnh gm mt ny.

Hnh su trn l sc[3]

[1]

Trong y, mt l ni tnh, sc l ngoi trn. Mt c kh nng thy sc, cho n l ni tnh. Php l ngoi trn. c kh nng nhn thc php. p: Chng khng hin hu. Ti sao? 26)Con mt y khng th, T thy th ca n. Nu chng th t thy, Lm sao thy ci khc? [2] Con mt chng th thy t th ca n. V sao? Nh ngn n c th soi sng chnh n ng thi c th soi sng ci khc. Mt, nu c c tnh thy th n phi thy n ng thi thy ci khc. Nhng s tht khng phi vy. Th nn bi tng[4] ni: Nu mt chng t thy lm th no thy ci khc?. Hi: Mt tuy khng th t thy nhng c th thy ci khc; nh la c th t chy vt khc m chng th t t. p: 27)D la th khng th, Chng thnh cho mt thy. i, cha i, ang i. tng p iu ny. [3]

ng tuy dng la th d, nhng khng th chng thnh cho s thy ca con mt. iu ny trong chng Kh Lai: cng nh ci i khng i, ci cha i-khng i, ci ang i cng khng i. V cng nh ci t, ci cha t, ci ang t u khng c t. Cng vy, ci thy, ci cha thy, ci ang thy u chng c tnh nng thy. Li na: 28)Ci thy khi cha thy,

Th chng gi l thy. M ni ci thy thy[5], Tt l ny chng ng.[6] [4]

Mt khi cha tip xc sc trn th khng th thy, by gi n khng c gi l ci thy. Tip xc sc trn by gi mi gi l ci thy. Th nn li tng ni: Khi cha thy th khng thy. Vy lm th no ci thy c th thy? Li na: Trong c hai trng hp u khng c s kin thy. 29)Ci thy khng c thy, Ci khng thy chng thy. Nu ci thy ph, Th ph lun ngi thy[7] [5]

Ci thy khng th nhn thy, trn kia nu r s sai lm. Ci khng thy cng chng thy, v khng c c tnh thy; nu chng c c tnh thy lm th no n c th thy? V chng c s kin thy m c ngi thy th ngi khng c mt c th dng c quan khc thy. Nu dng ci thy trng thy, th trong ci thy c tnh nng thy. Th nn li tng ni: Nu ph ci thy th ph lun ngi thy. Li na: 30)La thy chng la thy, Ngi thy u khng thy. V chng c ngi thy, u c thy, b thy. [6]

Nu c s thy th ngi thy khng thnh. Nu khng c s thy, ngi thy cng khng c chng thnh. V khng c ngi thy, lm th no c c thy? Bi th nn bi tng ni: V khng c ngi thy, lm sao c ci thy, ci b thy.

Li na: 31)Nng kin, s kin khng. Bn php: thc.. u khng, Bn th v cc duyn, Lm sao c th c?[8] [7]

V ci thy v ci b thy u khng nn bn php: thc, xc, th v i cng u khng. V chng i nn bn th[9] v.v v 12 phn Nhn duyn cng khng. Li na: 32)Tai, mi, li, thn, , Ting v c ngi nghe. Nn bit ngha nh th, u ng nh ni trn [8]

Cng ging nh ci thy v ci b thy vn l khng, v l thuc cc duyn nn khng quyt nh hu. Cc tnh cn li nh tai .v.v.. v 5 trn nh m thanh v.v.. nn bit ngha cng ging nh ci thy v ci b thy, y khng cn ni ring. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1]Lc tnh l lc cn. Nhng lun khng dng ch lc cn, m ni lc tnh, v trong lun tng, lun ch thay v ni con mt th dng ch ci thy (darzaam) ch nhn cn. Dch gi dng ch tnh vi ni hm l tn ti nh l tc dung ch khng ch l tn ti vt l. Nguyn ting Phn ca chng ny l Cakzur-indriya-parkz (ph bnh v cn con mt). TS. [2] Nguyn ting Phn: darzana... indriyni wa: su cn l ci thy... Khng ni l con mt c th vt l nh trong bn dch Hn. [3] Tc gi dch thot. Nguyn ting Phn: mi trng hnh ng ca chng l ci c thy... (etew drawavyadni gocarah). Lu ch dng

trong nguyn bn hiu r quan h ch th nhn thc v i tng nhn thc (ci thy v ci c thy) m lun nhm n trong chng ny. TS. [4] Bi tng ni (hiu theo nguyn bn ting Phn): Ci thy khng nhn thy t ng ca chnh n cho nn c th ni ngn n c th t chiu, nhng khng th ni nh n t chiu. TS. [5] Mu thun ni ti ngay trong cu: Ci thy thy. TS. [6] Long Th B tt em lc cn lc thc phn tch s lin quan gia cn, trn, thc bng cch no. Ngi ly nhn cn phn tch ci thy ca con mt nh th no, n t ngoi n hay t n c. [7] Mt khng th t thy n, lm th no thy c cnh vt bn ngoi, y l cu nghi vn. Ngi nu ln mi ngi tm hiu. Nh trong kinh Lng Nghim c Pht bo ngi A nan tm th ci tm ch no. [8] Cu 44 ni khng th em la lm th d, ngha l la t n t chy v chiu sng. Con mt khng th nh th c, ngha l mt khng th thy mt. Cu 45, 46 cho bit mt nu khi cha tip xc (nng duyn) vi trn cnh (s duyn) th khng th ni mt c thy, nh la t chy t sng. Hn na thy n khng c tng trng ci thy, thy khng th t thy, hung h ci khng thy (phi kin) m c tng thy (kin tng) ? Ci thy l lun khng thnh th ngi thy cng khng th ng vng c. [9] Bn th, bn chp th: dc th, kin th, gii cm th v ng ng th. TS. ---o0o---

CHNG IV: QUN NG M[1]


Hi: Kinh ni c nm m; s kin y nh th no? p: [2] 33)Nu ngoi nhn ca sc, Th sc khng th c[3].

Nu la sc qu ra, Nhn ca sc cng khng. [1] Nhn ca sc; nh nhn ca vi l si. Ngoi si khng c vi, ngoi vi khng c si. Vi nh sc, ch si nh nhn. Hi: Nu la nhn ca sc m c sc th c li g? p: 34)La nhn sc c sc, Th sc y khng Nhn. Khng nhn m c Php, Th iu y khng ng. [2] Nh l si c vi, th vi y khng nhn; khng nhn m c php, trong th gian khng h c iu . Hi: Trong php Pht, php ngoi o v php th gian, u c nhng php khng nhn. Nh Php Pht th c ba th v vi. V vi l thng nn khng nhn. Php ngoi o th c h khng, thi gian, phng s, bn ng, vi trn[4], Nit-bn v.v Trong php th gian, h khng, thi gian, phng s, ba php y chng c ch no l khng c nn gi l thng. Thng cho nn khng nhn. Ti sao li ni th gian khng c ci g l khng nhn? p: Php khng nhn ny ch c ngn thuyt, nu suy ngh phn tch th chng khng thc hu. Nu php do nhn duyn m c th khng nn ni khng nhn. Nu khng nhn duyn, th nh ti ni. Hi: C hai th nhn; mt l tc nhn hai l ngn thuyt nhn.[5] Php khng nhn y khng c nhn to tc m ch c nhn ngn thuyt khin ngi ta bit n c. p: Tuy rng c nhn ngn thuyt nhng cng khng ng. H khng s c bc b trong Phm Lc chng. Nhng th cn li s c bc b sau.

Li na, nhng s th hin thy cn c th b bc b hung l vi trn v.v l php khng th thy. Th nn ni th gian khng c g l php khng nhn. Hi: Nu la sc m c nhn ca sc th c li g? p: 35)Nu la sc c nhn, Th l nhn khng qu. C nhn m khng qu, Nh th l v l. [3]

Nu la sc qu ch c sc nhn tc l c nhn m khng qu Hi: Nu nhn khng qu, th c li g? p: Th gian khng c ci nhn g m khng qu. Ti sao? V c qu nn gi nhn, nu khng qu lm th no gi nhn? Li na, nu trong nhn khng c qu th ti sao mi vt li khng sinh ra t ci khng phi l nhn ca chnh n? iu y nh trong chng Nhn duyn ph. Th nn khng c ci nhn khng qu. Li na: 36)Nu sc c ri, Cn g nhn c sc. Nu sc vn khng c, Cng chng cn nhn sc.[6] [4] C hai trng hp cho thy khng th c nhn ca sc. Nu sc c sn trc trong nhn th nhn khng th gi l nhn ca sc. Nu sc khng sn trc trong nhn, th nhn cng chng gi l nhn ca sc. Hi: Nu c hai trng hp u chng ng, nhng c sc khng nhn th c li g?

p: 37)Khng nhn m c sc, Nh th l khng ng. Th nn ngi c tr, Khng nn phn bit sc.[7] [5]

Nh trng hp trong nhn c sn qu, hay trong nhn khng sn qu, iu ny cn khng ng hung l th sc khng c nhn. Th nn ni, "Khng nhn m c sc, Nh th l khng ng. Khng nn phn bit sc." Phn bit ch cho phm phu. V v minh i nhim tham m sc, sau do t kin m khi s phn bit h lun ni, "Trong nhn c qu hay khng qu, v.v Nay y (sc m) khng th tm thy c sc. V th nn k tr khng nn phn bit. Li na: 38)Nu qu ging vi nhn. Nh th l khng ng. Qu nu khng ging nhn, iu y cng chng ng. [6] Nu qu v nhn ging nhau th khng ng. V nhn th nh nhim m qu th to ln. Nhn v qu khc nhau v hnh thi v nng lc. Nh vi ging ch tt chng gi vi. V ch nhiu m vi ch c mt. Vy nn khng th ni nhn qu ging nhau. Hoc ni rng nhn qu khng ging nhau cng khng ng. Nh ch gai khng th dt thnh ra la; ch th chng lm thnh vi mn. Th nn khng th ni nhn qu khng ging nhau. C hai s kin u chng ng, cho nn khng c Sc, khng c nhn ca sc. 39)Th m v tng m, C hnh m, thc m. V tt c php khc,

u ng vi sc m.

[7]

Bn m kia v tt c php cng nn suy ngh nh th hy ph. Nay Ngi Lun ch mun tn thn ngha Khng nn ni bi tng rng: 40)Nu c i phng Hi, La Khng m ng p. Th l khng thnh p, V cng ng nghi kia. 41)Hoc gi c nn vn, La Khng m ch trch. Th chng thnh nn vn, V cng ng nghi kia. [9] [8]

Trong lc lun thuyt, mi bn c ch trng ring. Nu s Hi v p m khng cn c trn Ngha Khng th s Hi v p y bt thnh, v n ch lp li ni dung ca s nghi ng. T d nh ni, Chic bnh l v thng. Ngoi nhn Hi, Ti sao v thng? p, V t nhn v thng pht sinh. Nh th chng gi l p. Ti sao? V trong ci nhn duyn vn cn c s hoi nghi l chng bit n thng hay v thng. Do , ni dung ca tr li vn ng vi nghi vn c t ra. Ngi Hi khi mun ch im s sai lm ca n, nu chng y vo Khng tnh nu r rng cc php l v thng, th khng phi l nn vn c. Ti sao? Bi v ng nhn l v thng ph hy ngha thng ca ti; ti cng em l hng thng tr ph hy ngha v thng ca ng. Nu tht v thng th khng c nghip bo. Cc php nh mt, tai v.v.. nim nim hoi dit cng chng th hoi dit, cng chng th phn bit. C nhng li nh th, nn u khng tu thnh nn vn, m ch lp li nghi vn ca ngi kia thi. Nu cn c tnh Khng ph hy thng tnh th khng c li. Ti sao? V ngi ny chng chp th tng Khng. Th nn, khi Hi v p m cn phi bng vo tnh Khng, hung l mun cu tng ly kh tch dit. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] Ting Phn skandha, cu dch l m, tn dch (Huyn Trng) l un. TS [2] Chng III qun lc tnh, nhn thc cn, trn, thc khng phi t n c, m do s tng quan, tng duyn gia cn trn m c thc tnh phn bit. Do cc php t nhn duyn sanh, u khng tht c. Chng IV ny, ngha khng khc g chng III l ph tr thnh kin c chp. Ng m cng gi Ng Un l sc, th, tng, hnh v thc. [3] Hn: bt kh c, khng th th c, khng th quan nim c. TS [4] Ch trng ca phi Thng lun v nhng tn ti c gi l tht vt, hay tht th. [5] Tc nhn v ngn thuyt nhn, cng gi l sanh nhn, nhn m t cc php c sanh ra; v liu nhn, nhn m t cc php c nhn thc. TS [6] Tng 3-4, Long Th B tt ly mt th Sc m trong nm m bin minh nguyn nhn v kt qu ca sc. Sc php l t nhn sanh ra hay phi nhn pht sanh. Nu n t phi nhn m c sc php, th sc php d nhin khng cn n ci nhn. Ni cch khc l qu chng cn n ci nhn. Khng nhn m c qu l iu khng th. V nh tm vi, l kt qu t ch si dt thnh. Vi l qu, ch si l nhn. Khng ch si m lm thnh tm vi l iu khng th c c. [7] T cu 4-5 da vo cc cu trn ni v sc nhn sc qu. Ngi gii by minh bch thm chng ta trnh ng nhn c nhn khng qu, c qu khng nhn, trong nhn c qu, trong nhn khng c qu, hoc trong qu c nhnNn hiu rng, nhn qu din tin mt cch thm n v t nh. Phm phu thiu tr kh phn bit. Phn bit trc sau trong ngoi, c khng l ri vo vng chp. V cc php duyn sanh l Tnh khng. Nu chng hiu tnh khng (Snya) th khng th no gii quyt c nghi vn, trong lc ngi c nghi vn v thuyt Hu hay V. Nu ngi nghi vn, chp l c th ngi gii p phi p dng l khng gii thch s li lm ca ngi chp HU. Nu chng dng KHNG ph HU, th chnh ngi p ng li nh ngi nghi vn. ---o0o---

CHNG V: QUN LC CHNG[1]


Hi: Su i chng u c tng nht nh. V c nh tng nn c su i chng. p: 42)Tng khng khi cha c, Th khng php h khng. Nu trc c h khng, Tc h khng, khng tng[2] [1] Nu khi cha c tng h khng , m c trc php h khng, th h khng chng c tng. V sao? Ch no khng c sc, gi l tng h khng. Sc l php c to tc, v thng. Sc nu cha pht sanh, m cha sanh th khng c hoi dit, by gi chng c tng h khng. Nhn sc nn c ch khng sc. Ch khng sc c gi l tng h khng. Hi: Nu khng c tng m c h khng th c li g? p: 43)Trong tt c mi ni, Khng c php khng tng. trong php khng tng[3], Tng khng c s tng. [2] Nu i tm php khng c tng, trong php thng hay v thng th chng th c[4]. Nh Lun gi ni: L c, l khng; lm th no bit? V mi ci u c tng trng ring ca n. Sanh, tr, dit l tng hu vi; khng sanh, tr, dit l tng v vi. H khng nu khng c tng th chng c h khng. Nu ni rng trc vn khng c tng, sau tng hin n lm thnh tng trng cng khng ng. Nu trc vn khng c tng th chng c php s tng. V sao? 44)Tng trng khng tn ti,

Trong c tng, Khng tng. N cng khng tn ti, Ngoi c tng, khng tng. [3] Nh c cc c, c i sng, cht ui c lng, di c c diu thng xung gi l tng ca con b. La nhng tng y khng c con b. Nu khng c con b th cc tng y chng c ch an tr. Th nn ni trong php khng c tng tt chng c s tng. Tng cng khng tn ti trong ci c tng, v trc c tng. Nh tng la khng tn ti trong tng trng nc, v trc c t tng. Li na, nu tng tn ti trong ci khng c tng, th l khng c nhn. Khng nhn ngha l khng c php m li c tng, v nng tng v s tng thng lm nhn i i nhau. La php c tng v khng c tng, chng th c trng hp th ba c s tng. Th nn li tng ni, Tng khng tn ti ngoi c tng, khng tng. Li na: 45)V nng tng chng c, Php s tng cng khng. Php s tng khng c, Th nng tng cng khng. [4] V tng khng c ch no an tr nn chng c php s tng. V chng c php s tng nn php nng tng cng khng. Ti sao? Nhn nng tng mi c s tng, nhn s tng c nng tng, v chng lm nhn i i nhau. 46)Th nn khng nng tng, Cng chng c s tng. La tng nng s ra, Lm th no c vt. [5]

Trong php nhn duyn suy cu t gc n ngn khng th tm thy c tnh cht quyt nh ca nng tng v s tng. V khng th thy c hai ci nn tt c Php u khng. Bi tt c cc php nhip thuc nng tng, s tng. Hoc nng tng tc thnh s tng hay s tng tc thnh nng tng, nh la ly khi lm tng, khi cng ly la lm tng. Hi: Nu khng c ci Hu l ra nn c ci V? p: 47)Gi s khng c Hu, Lm g c ci V. Hu V l khng, Bit hu v l ai? [6]

Phm s vt g t n hoi dit hay b ci khc hy dit gi l V[5]. Ci V khng t n c, m n c t ci hu th nn ni: Gi s khng ci hu lm sao c php v. Ci m mt thy c, tai nghe c cn khng th hin hu, hung h ci khng hin hu. Hi: Bi khng c php hu nn php v cng khng, vy c th c ngi bit n ci hu v ci v y khng? p: Nu c ngi bit th ngi phi thuc v hu hay thuc v v? Hu v v b bc b th ngi bit cng b bc b theo. 48)Th nn bit h khng, Chng Hu cng chng V, Khng nng khng s tng Nm kia ng H Khng.[6] [7] Cng nh h khng, bng mi cch vn khng tm thy tng trng ca n, nm i chng cn li cng ging nh th. Hi: H khng, khng trc, khng sau, ti sao b bc b trc?

p: t, nc, la, gi do cc duyn ha hp cho nn d ph. Thc bi do nhn duyn kh vui nn bit n v thng, bin d, v vy d ph. H khng chng c tng trng nh th; ch do phm phu h vng chp c; th nn ph hy trc. Li na, h Khng c kh nng duy tr t i, do nhn duyn t i m c thc. V th trc ph hy cn bn, cn bao nhiu t ph hy. Hi: Ngi th gian u thy cc php; hoc hin hu hoc khng hin hu. Ti sao ring ng cng th gian tri ngc, ni rng, khng c cch g c thy? p: 49)Thin tr chp cc Php, Hoc c tng hay khng. Ngi khng th thy, Php an n dit kin. [8]

Nu ngi cha c o khng th trc nhn Tht tng cc php. Do nhn duyn i v kin m pht khi th h lun. Khi thy cc php pht sinh cho rng c; chp th tng m ni rng hu. Khi thy hoi dit th cho l on dit, chp th tng m ni l v. Ngi c tr tu nhn thy cc php pht sanh th dit tr c kin chp v v; thy cc php lc hoi dit lin hy dit kin chp hu. Th nn i vi tt c php tuy c thy, nhng u nh huyn nh mng. Cho n kin giai on v lu o cn b hy dit hung l nhng kin chp khc. Th nn, nu ai khng thy c php an lnh do dit tr kin chp, ngi y s thy c hu, thy c v. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1] Lc chng cng gi lc gii hay lc i, gm c: a, thy, ha, phong, h khng v thc. [2] Trong su i, bn i trc a, thy, ha, phong, ngi ta d nhn thc, v n c hnh tng i tng cm xc, n l do nhn duyn ha hip. Mn th nm l h khng, l mt th v hnh v tng tng i kh lnh hi h khng l c hay khng c, hn l cc i khc nh a i, thy i. t nghi vn h khng c tng trng hay khng, hnh nh khng phi cch. Song suy ngh k, nu h khng khng c tng php th lm th

no bit c h khng. Cn ni h khng c tng th n cng nh tng khc nh: t, nc v.v sao gi l h khng? [3] Tng, ting Phn l lakwaa, c hiu l c tnh, yu tnh, hay c trng. Trong ng php, bt c mt danh t no cng u c t nht mt tnh t thch ng m t. Cng vy, khng mt tn ti no c nhn thc m khng mang trong n yu tnh c trng no . TS [4] Ni theo ng php, mt php l mt danh t. V thng, v.v.. cho n, c (hin hu, tnh t) hay khng (khng hin hu, tnh t), u l nhng tnh t m t hay phm nh danh t . TS [5] V, ting Phn l abhva, ci khng tn ti, hay khng hin hu, khng l ci g c. Tc l ph nh ca ci ang tn ti. Nu khng c ci ang tn ti, n khng ph nh ci g c, do khng chng minh c n l ci g. Cu tng y , theo bn Phn, c th hiu nh vy: trong khi khng chng minh c ci bhva, th th ci abhva s l ca ci g : kasybhvo bhaviwyati. Cn lu mt cht v ng php trong cu ting Phn ny. C danh t abhva (v, hay v th) v ng t hot dng thi v lai, trc thuyt, bhaviwyati (n s l) u c chung ng cn l BH (l). Cho nn cu ting Phn nu dch st ting Vit s l ci-khng-l s l. l mt mnh mu thun ni ti. TS [6] H khng l v tng nn khng c tr x. Khng tr x ch khng phi khng tr ch no. V h khng mc d khng hnh tng song n l ci kh tng (ng gi l tng) mt th i tng trng rng so snh vi tng ng c nh t, v.v.. Ngi tr nn hiu rng t, nc, gi, la l yu t nhn duyn th h khng kia cng th. t, nc.. kia khng th ni l c tht tng, th h khng, mt i trong su i cng l nh th. Bit c hnh tng c cht l nh c h khng trng rng. Bit c h khng v n khng phi c cht, chp c chp khng l vng chp. ---o0o---

CHNG VI: QUN PHP NHIM, NGI NHIM


Hi: Kinh ni: Tham dc, sn nhu, ngu si l cn bn ca th gian. Tham dc c nhiu tn. u tin l i. K n l trc. K n na l nhim. K n na l dm. K n na l tham dc. C nhiu tn gi khc nhau nh vy. l kt s, y ch vo chng sanh. Chng sanh l ngi nhim, tham

dc gi php nhim, v c php nhim v ngi nhim nn c tham dc. Ngoi ra, hai th kia cng th. C sn nhu th c ngi sn. C si nn c ngi si. Do nhn duyn ba c ny m pht khi ba nghip. Do nhn duyn ba nghip m sanh khi tam gii. V th tt c php c hin hu. p: Kinh tuy c ni n tn gi ca ba c; nhng khng th tm thy tnh thc hu ca chng. V sao? 50)Nu ngoi php nhim ra, Trc t c ngi nhim. Nhn k nhim dc y, Hn phi sanh php nhim[1] [1] 51)Nu khng c k nhim, Lm sao m c nhim. Hoc c hoc khng nhim, Ngi nhim cng nh th[2] [2]

Nu trc quyt nh c ngi nhim th khng cn php nhim, v ngi nhim trc c. Nu trc quyt nh khng c ngi nhim cng khng th khi ln nhim. iu ch yu l trc c ngi nhim sau mi pht khi nhim php. Nu trc khng c ngi nhim th khng c ngi th nhn nhim. Php nhim cng nh th. Nu trc la ngi ra quyt nh c php nhim; th l khng nguyn nhn, lm th no pht khi? Nh ngn la m khng ci. Nu trc quyt nh khng php nhim th khng c ngi nhim. Th nn li tng ni, Hoc c hoc khng nhim, ngi nhim cng nh th. Hi: Nu khng th c s kin rng php nhim v ngi nhim quan h nhau m pht khi theo th t trc sau; v s khin y khng th nhn thc c. Vy gi s chng ng thi sinh khi th c li g? p: 52)Ngi nhim v php nhim,

ng tu thnh; khng ng. Ngi nhim php nhim ng, Th chng c tng quan[3] [3]

Nu ngi nhim v php nhim tu thnh trong cng mt lc th khng c i i nhau. Khng nhn ngi nhim m c php nhim, v khng nhn php nhim m c ngi nhim. Vy c hai s l thng, v khng nhn m thnh. Nu thng th c nhiu li; khng c php gii thot. Li na, nay s cn c trn tnh ng nht v d bit bc b php nhim v ngi nhim. 53)Ngi nhim php nhim mt; Php mt lm sao hip? Ngi nhim php nhim khc; Php khc lm sao hip? [4]

Php nhim v ngi nhim kt hp[4] nhau do ng nht hay do d bit? Nu ng nht th khng c kt hp. Ti sao? Php nht th lm sao t kt hp? Nh u ngn tay khng th t n tip xc chnh n. Nu kt hp do d bit th cng khng th. Ti sao? V thnh tu mt cch ring bit ri. Nu mi ci tu thnh th khng cn kt hp na; d c kt hp th cng vn d bit. Li na, nht th hay d th u khng th kt hp. V sao? 54)Nu nht th m hp; Kt hp khng ng bn. Nu d th ha hp: Kt hp khng ng bn.[5] [5]

Nu ngi nhim v php nhim l nht th, nhng min cng gi l kt hp, tt ngoi nhn duyn ra m c php nhim ngi nhim.

Li na, nu l nht th, th khng nn c hai tn; php nhim v ngi nhim. Nhim, l php. Ngi nhim l nhn cch. Nu nhn cch v php l mt tt l i lon. Nu php nhim, ngi nhim mi ci d bit, m ni kt hp th khng cn cc nhn duyn cng kt hp. Nu d th ha hp, th tuy cch nhau xa cng c th ha hp.[6] Hi: Nu ni khng ha hp th ng vy. Nhng hin thy cc php d bit kt hp li vi nhau. p: 55)Nu khc m c hp, Nhim, ngi nhim lm g? Hai tng y trc khc, Nhin hu ni tng hp. [6] Nu php nhim v ngi nhim, trc quyt nh c tng d bit ri sau mi ha hp, tt khng th ha hp. Ti sao? V hai tng ny trc d bit nhng sau min cng m ni ha hp thi. Li na: 56)Nu nhim v ngi nhim, Trc thnh tng d; thnh tng d bit, Lm th no m hp? [7]

Nu php nhim v ngi nhim, trc tin mi t th thnh tng d bit, nay ng sao min cng ni tng ha hp? Li na: 57)Tng d khng tu thnh, Th nn ng mun hp.

Tng hp khng tu thnh, M li ni tng d. [8]

ng v Php nhim v ngi nhim khng tu thnh tng trng d bit nn mi ni tng ha hp. Trong tng ha hp c sai lm. Php nhim v ngi nhim vn khng tu thnh. V chng thnh tng trng kt hp nn li ni tng d bit. ng t cho l quyt nh, nhng li ni khng quyt nh. Ti sao? 58)V tng d bt thnh, Tng hp cng khng thnh. trong tng d no, M mun ni tng hp. [9] V trong y php nhim, ngi nhim khng thnh tu tng trng d bit, do tng ha hp cng khng tu thnh. ng trong tng trng d bit no m ni tng ha hp? Li na: 59)Php nhim v ngi nhim, Khng phi hp, khng hp. Cc php cng nh th, Chng phi hp, khng hp.[7] [10] Tt c phin no, tt c cc php cng vy. Khng c chng thnh bng cc iu kin (nhn duyn) nh kt hp hay tn mc, c trc hay c sau.[8] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1] Nhim l cc th nhim c nghip, cn bn ca tnh trc l tham, sn, si, v minh v cc phin no i v.v..

[2] Nhim gi l ngi b tham, sn, si, i v.v.. lm nhim hoc ngi to cc th nhim phin no. [3] Mun tm nhim t u c. N c trc ngi to nhim hay c sau. Long Th B tt gii by trong bi tng th 3-4 rng: Nu nh cho rng trc tin c ngi nhim (nhim gi), trc c ngi nhim mi c nhng nhim dc vng (nhim php) xut sanh. Quan nim trc c ngi nhim ri sau c nhim khng ng. y c ngha nhim sn c trong mi ngi ri. c sn trong mi ngi th cn u c nhim hoc cn g ci nhim bn ngoi nhim na. Nh nu cho rng con ngi trc khng c nhim. Nhim gi khng c, th cng khng c, nhim php v khi nhim. [4] Bn Hn ni l hp v thng cho php hiu l ha hp. Ting Phn y l sahabhva, nu dch st, ni l cng hu hay cng th. Tc l c hai cng tn ti trong mt nht th (ekatva). Hai khi nim, sahabhva, v ekatva, y l cn bn ca cc quan im nht nguyn lun v nh nguyn lun, l hai lun quan trng hng u trong lch s t tng n . TS [5] t cu 4-5 Ngi bi bc cho rng nhim gi v nhim php l ng thi c, ngi nhim v php nhim l mt, l khc. Nhim gi v php nhim khng th ng thi c, bi v nu ngi nhim v php nhim ng lc c th khng c s tng quan v tng i. S tht trong th gian l khi ngi to nhim tham sn v.v v tham sn nhim php xut c s nng ta lin quan gia nhim gi v nhim php. Nhim gi v nhim php l mt cng khng ng. Nu mt th khng th ni hai bn ha hip nhau. V ch l mt c ci no khc na m ha hip. Cn nhim gi v nhim php khc nhau cng khng ng. Cu cui Long Th B tt c kt: ni khc ni ng, hip hay khng hip, u l trong php tng i. Chnh bn th chn khng (Snya) l khng phi hip. Sanh t tc Nit-bn, phin no tc B . [7] hiu kh hn bi tng ny, cn lu s cu to t ng ca ting Phn. T sahabhva ni gm hai t saha, cng nhau, v bhva, tn ti. Trong t saha li gm sa: n v ha (do dha); c ni li; ngha l hai ci n c ni li. Nh vy, t mu thun ngay trong khi nim nh nguyn v nht nguyn, lun tng a ra mt pht biu ngch l: sahya vinpi sah, trong ci saha, khng c ci sa. TS

[8] Trong Nho gio, Ngi Mnh T ni: Nhn chi s Tnh bn thin: tnh con ngi u tin vn l thin. Ngi Tun T ni: Nhn chi s Tnh bn c: Tnh u tin con ngi vn l c Cn Dng Hng ni, Tnh hn hp, ngha l thin c ha ln nhau. Nhng li ni ca cc nhn vt Nho gio ni ngun gc tnh con ngi l thin, l c v.v.. Li ni ng hay khng, nn xem li l lun ca Long Th B tt trn y th r. [9] Vn hp v khng hp, ting Phn l saha, asaha. Vn cng l lun im cn bn trong cc lun gii A-t-m. l cc php cu hu (saha), l mi quan h tn ti v hot ng ca tm v tm s, hay tm s vi tm s. V vy, c mt nhn thc chnh xc v bn cht hot ng ca b my tm l, cn nhn thc r ngha saha ny. TS ---o0o---

CHNG VII: QUN BA TNG[1]


Hi: Kinh ni: Php hu vi c ba tng, sanh, tr, dit. Vn vt sanh ra do bi s kin sanh, tr do bi s kin tr v dit do bi s kin dit. Th nn c cc php. p: Khng ng. Ti sao? ba tng khng tht th. Ba tng y l hu vi c th biu hin cho tng trng hu vi? Hay l v vi c th biu hin cho tng trng hu vi? C hai trng hp u khng ng. V sao? 60)Nu sanh l hu vi, N phi c ba tng. Nu sanh l v vi, Sao gi tng hu vi? [1] Nu sanh l hu vi, n phi c ba tng sanh, tr, dit. iu y khng ng. Ti sao? V tnh cht tri ngc nhau. Tri ngc ch tng sanh phi khin cho php sanh, tng tr phi khin cho php tr, tng dit phi khin cho php dit. Nu khng php khi sanh khi, khng th c tnh cht tri ngc l tr v dit cng mt lc. Nh nh sng v bng ti khng ng thi. Bi th nn sanh khng th l php hu vi. Tr tng v dit tng cng nh th.

Hi: Sanh chng phi l hu vi, nhng nu l v vi th c li g? p: Nu sanh l v vi, lm th no c th biu hin cho php hu vi? V sao? Php v vi khng c th tnh. Nhn bi dit hu vi m ni l v vi. Th nn ni Khng sanh, khng dit l tng v vi. Ch v vi chng c t tng. Cho nn, php m khng hin hu th chng th biu hin cho php no c. Nh lng ra, sng th v.v khng th lm tng trng cho php g c. Th nn sanh chng phi l v vi. Tr v dit cng th. Li na: 61)Ba tng hay t tn, Khng th c S tng. Lm sao cng mt ch, ng thi c ba tng[2]. [2] Nhng tng sanh, tr, dit, mi tng ring bit c th biu hin cho php hu vi? Hay s ha hp ca chng c th biu hin cho php hu vi? C hai trng hp u khng ng. Ti sao? Nu ni mi mi ring bit, th trong mt x s hoc c tng hu hoc c tng v, khi sanh th khng c tr v dit; khi tr th khng c sanh v dit; v khi dit th khng c sanh v tr. Nu ni cng ha hp; nhng nhng tnh cht tri ngc nhau lm sao c th c mt trong cng mi lc? Nu cho rng mi mt tng hu vi ny cng c ba tng ca n, nh vy l khng hp l. V sao? 62)Ni rng sanh, tr, dit, Li c tng hu vi. Nh vy thnh v cng. Nu khng, phi hu vi. [3] Nu ni mi tng sanh, tr, dit cng c ring tng hu vi ca n th sanh y li c sanh, c tr v c dit. Nh vy, ba tng ny li c thm cc tng trng ca chng. Nu vy s tr thnh v cng[3]. Nu chng khng c thm cc tng trng na chng chng phi php hu vi, cng khng th biu hin cho php hu vi.

Hi: ng ni ba tng s thnh v cng. Khng ng. Sanh, tr, dit tuy l hu vi nhng chng phi v cng. V sao? 63)S sanh ca sanh sanh, Sanh ra bn sanh kia. S sanh y bn sanh, Sanh tr li sanh sanh. [4] Php khi sanh, k lun c t th, c by php cng sanh: 1. Php, 2. Sanh, 3. Tr, 4. Dit, 5. Sanh ca sanh, 6. Tr ca tr, 7. Dit ca dit. Trong by php, bn sanh, tr t th, c th sanh su php. Sanh ca sanh, c th sanh ra bn sanh. Bn sanh c th sanh ra sanh ca sanh. Th nn, ba tng tuy l hu vi nhng khng phi v cng. p: 64)Nu ni sanh sanh y, C th sanh bn sanh. Sanh sanh t bn sanh, Sao sanh bn sanh c. [5] Nu ni sanh ca sanh c th sanh ra bi sanh th khng th ni sanh ca sanh y sanh ra t bn sanh. Ti sao? V sanh ca sanh y sanh ra t bn sanh lm th no c th sanh ra bn sanh? Li na: 65)Nu ni bn sanh y, Hay sanh ra sanh sanh. Bn sanh t kia sanh, Sao sanh ra sanh sanh.[4] . [6] Nu ni bn sanh sanh ra sanh ca sanh, th bn sanh y khng th sanh ra

t sanh ca sanh. V sao? Bn sanh sanh ra t sanh ca sanh, lm th no c th sanh ra sanh ca sanh? Php sanh ca sanh ng l sanh ra bn sanh m nay sanh ca sanh khng th sanh ra bn sanh. Sanh ca sanh cha c t th lm th no c th sanh ra bn sanh? Th nn bn sanh khng th sanh ra sanh ca sanh? Hi: Sanh ca sanh y khi ang sanh ra, th c th sanh ra bn sanh; ch khng phi l trc hay sau. Nh vy, sanh ca sanh ngay khi sanh ra th c th sanh ra bn sanh. p: Khng ng. V sao? 66)Sanh sanh nu ang sanh, C th sanh bn sanh. Nhng sanh sanh cha c, Sao sanh c bn sanh.[5] [7] Nu ni sanh ca sanh khi ang sanh, lc c th sanh bn sanh; iu ny tm ng. Nhng tht s sanh ca sanh cha c, th nn sanh ca sanh khi ang sanh chng th sanh ra bn sanh. Li na: 67)Bn sanh nu ang sanh, C th sanh sanh sanh. Nhng bn sanh cha c, Lm sao sanh sanh sanh. [8] Nu ni bn sanh khi ang sanh c th sanh ra sanh ca sanh th tm chp nhn. Nhng tht s bn sanh cha c, cho nn bn sanh khi ang sanh khng th sanh ra sanh ca sanh. Hi: 68)Nh ngn n t chiu,

C th chiu ci khc. Php sanh cng nh th, T sanh cng sanh kia. [9] Nh ngn n c em vo nh ti n soi r cc vt ng thi cng c kh nng t chiu. S sanh cng th, c th sanh ra ci khc v cng c th t sanh. p: Khng ng. V sao? 69)Trong n khng bng ti, Ch cng khng ti. Ph ti c gi chiu, Chng ti th khng chiu.[6] [10] Th ca ngn n t n chng c bng ti; ci c sng v ch sng cng khng c bng ti. V sng v ti tri nhau; ph hy bng ti gi l chiu. Khng c ti th chng chiu. Vy u c th ni ngn n t chiu sng cng chiu sng ci kia? Hi: Ngn n khng phi chiu sng lc cha sanh, cng chng chiu sng lc sanh. M ch lc ang sanh n c th t chiu v chiu ci khc. p: 70)Lm sao khi ang sanh, n c th ph ti? Ngn n khi mi sanh, Khng th n gp ti. [11] Ngn n ang sanh, l na sanh, na cha sanh; th ca ngn n cha tu thnh, lm th no c th ph hy bng ti? Li ngn n khng th n tip xc bng ti. Nh ngi bt c gic mi gi l ngi ph gic. Nu

ni ngn n tuy chng th i n bng ti m c kh nng ph hy bng ti th cng khng ng. V sao? 71)n cha n bng ti, M c th ph ti. Vy n t ch ny, Ph ti khp mi ni. [12] Nu n khng i n bng ti, nh c nng lc c th ph hy ti, th ngn n c t ln ch ny, l ra ph hy bng ti khp mi ch khc. Li na: Ngn n khng phi t chiu, cng chng chiu ci khc. Ti sao? 72)Nu n hay t chiu, Cng hay chiu ci khc. Bng ti s t ti, V che ti ci khc. [13] Nu ngn n do tri ngc vi bng ti nn c kh nng t chiu v chiu vt khc, th bng ti do tri ngc vi ngn n nn t che ti v che ti ci khc. Nu bng ti do tri ngc ngn n nn khng th t che ti v che ti vt khc, th ngn n do tri ngc bng ti cng khng th t chiu v chiu ci khc. Th nn d ngn n khng ng. V s ph hy nhn duyn ca sanh cha dt, nn nay s ni tip. 73)S sanh nu cha sanh, Lm th no t sanh? Nu sanh ri li sanh, sanh cn g sanh? [14] S sanh y khi t sanh, l s sanh ca ci sanh hay l s sanh ca ci cha sanh? Nu l s sanh ca ci cha sanh th l php v. Php v lm th no c th t sanh? Nu ni l s sanh ca ci sanh th n l ci

tu thnh, cn g sanh na. Nh ci c lm ra ri khng cn phi lm ra n na. Hoc sanh, hoc cha sanh, c hai trng hp u khng sanh. Do khng c s sanh. Trc ng ni s sanh cng nh ngn n; c kh nng t chiu v chiu ci khc. S y khng ng. Tr v dit cng th. Li na: 74)Sanh khng sanh sanh, Cng khng cha sanh sanh, ang sanh cng chng sanh, Chng "Kh Lai" p.[7] [15] Sanh ch cho cc duyn ha hp m pht sanh. Trong ci sanh khng cn tc ng, nn khng sanh. Trong ci cha sanh, lm th no c tc ng, nn khng sanh. ang sanh cng khng ng; v la ci ang sanh th s kin sanh cng chng th c; lm sao ci ang sanh li sanh c? Vn ny c gii p trong phm Kh lai. Php sanh khng th sanh. V sao? V sanh ri li sanh na, nh th xoay chuyn thnh ra v cng. Nh ci c lm ra ri li cn lm ra na. Li na, nu sanh ri li sanh na, th do php sanh g m sanh? Nu sanh tng y cha sanh m ni rng ci sanh y sanh ra th t mu thun vi lun c ca ng. V sao? Tng sanh cha sanh ra m ng gi l sanh. Nu cha sanh m ni sanh th php c th do sanh m sanh, hay l c th do cha sanh m sanh? trn ng ni ci sanh sanh ra nh vy l khng xc nh. Li na, nh ci t th khng th t na. Ci i th khng th i na. V nhng nhn duyn nh th, ci sanh khng th sanh, ci cha sanh cng chng sanh. Ti sao? Php nu cha sanh th khng ha hp vi duyn ca sanh. Nu khng ha hp vi duyn ca sanh, th khng c php sanh ra. Nu php cha phi hp duyn ca sanh m li sanh ra, th l ra lm m khng c s kin lm, i m khng c s kin i, nhim m khng c s nhim, sn m khng c s kin sn, si m khng c s kin si; th l ph hy php th gian. Th nn, php cha sanh chng sanh. Li na, nu php cha sanh m li sanh, th php cha sanh ca th gian u phi sanh; tt c phm phu cha sanh B nay phi sanh B . A-la-hn bc bt hoi vn chng c phin no, l ra nay phi sanh phin no. Con th v.v vn khng

c sng, l ra nay cng c sng, nhng s tht khng ng. Th nn php cha sanh chng c sanh. Hi: Php cha sanh m chng sanh, l v cha c duyn, khng c to tc, chng c tc gi, khng thi gian, chng phng s, cho nn khng sanh khi. Nu duyn, c to tc, c tc gi, c thi gian v phng s phi hip th php cha sanh s sanh. Th nn khng th ni rng, Tt c php cha sanh u chng sanh. p: Nu php th duyn; c thi gian v phng s ha hip th sanh, nhng nu n c trc th cng khng sanh. Ba trng hp y b bc b trn. Th nn, sanh th khng sanh, cha sanh cng khng sanh, ang sanh cng khng sanh. V sao? Phn sanh khng sanh, phn cha sanh chng sanh, nh trc p. Li na, nu la s sanh chng c ci ang sanh, th nn ci ang sanh cng khng sanh. Li na, nu ni ci ang sanh sanh ra, th sai lm ch c hai s sanh. Mt l do sanh m ni l ang sanh. Hai l do ang sanh m sanh. C hai u chng ng. V khng c hai php lm th no c hai th sanh? Th nn, ci ang sanh cng khng sanh. Li na, php sanh cha pht xut th khng c ci ang sanh. V ci ang sanh khng c, th s sanh tng nng vo u? Th nn, khng th ni ci ang sanh sanh ra. Nh th, tm k, sanh th khng sanh, cha sanh khng sanh, ang sanh cng khng sanh. V khng sanh ci sanh, cho nn s sanh bt thnh. Sanh khng thnh, tr v dit cng chng thnh. V sanh, tr, dit khng thnh nn php hu vi chng thnh. Th nn, li tng ni: gii p trong khi ni v i, cha i, ang i . Hi: Ti khng quyt nh ni sanh, cha sanh, ang sanh pht sanh, ch ni cc duyn ha hp cho nn c sanh. p: Tuy ng ni th; nhng cng khng ng. V sao? 75)Nu ni ang sanh, sanh, iu y bt thnh. Lm sao cc duyn hp, Lc by gi c sanh?[8] [16]

ang sanh v sanh b bc b bng mi nhn duyn. ng v sao li ni, do cc duyn ha hp m c sanh? D cc duyn y hay chng y , cng b bc b nh s sanh. Li na: 76)Nu php do duyn sanh, Tc l tnh tch dit. Th nn sanh, ang sanh, C hai u tch dit. [17] Php c sanh do cc duyn, khng c t tnh, do l tch dit. Tch dit ngha l khng y, khng kia, n khng c t tng, bt ng ngn ng ht h lun. Tn cc duyn cng nh nhn ch c vi, nhn lt c chiu. Nu ch c tng nht nh th khng nn t gai pht xut. V cng th, nu vi c nh tng, chng phi t ch pht xut. Nhng s tht th ch si dt thnh vi; t gai c ch th nn ch khng c tnh c nh. Vi cng th. Nh s t v ci b t, do nhn duyn ha hp m thnh, khng c t tnh. Ci b t khng, nn s t cng chng c. S t khng, nn ci b t cng khng. Tt c php cng nh th. Th nn, php t cc duyn sanh u khng c t tnh. V khng t tnh nn khng. Nh nga ng[9] vn khng tht c. Th nn li tng ni: sanh v ang sanh u tch dit. Khng th ni ci ang sanh c sanh. ng tuy dng mi cch mun chng thnh tng sanh; nhng u l h lun; khng phi l tng tch dit. Hi: Quyt nh c s sai bit ca ba thi. Php thi v lai c th sanh. C nhn duyn th n sanh. Ti sao ni khng c sanh? p: 77)Nu c php cha sanh, ni rng c sanh. Php ny trc c;

Nay cn g m sanh? [18] Nu trong thi v lai c php cha sanh m ni sanh; th php y, trc c, nay cn g sanh? Php c khng th sanh na. Hi: Php v lai tuy c nhng chng nh tng hin ti. Ni sanh l ni theo tng trng hin ti. p: Trong v lai khng c tng hin ti. Nu chng c, lm sao ni php sanh thuc v lai sanh ra? Nu n hin hu th khng gi v lai m nn ni l hin ti. hin ti th khng c th sanh na. C hai trng hp u khng c s sanh, cho nn ni khng sanh. Li na, ng ni rng ci ang sanh sanh ra v cng c th sanh ci kia. Nay s ni tip: 78)Nu ni ang sanh sanh. Sanh y c s sanh; u c thm ci sanh, sanh s sanh y? [19] Nu s sanh khi ang sanh ra, c th sanh ra ci khc, th ci g sanh ra s sanh y? 79)Nu c thm s sanh, Sanh sanh thnh v cng. La sanh sanh c sanh, Php thy u t sanh. [20] Nu s sanh c thm s sanh sanh ra n, th s sanh thnh v cng. Nu s sanh khng c thm s sanh khc m t n sanh ra n, th tt c php cng c th t sanh. Nhng s tht khng phi th. Li na: 80)Php hu khng th sanh,

Php v cng khng sanh. Hu v u chng sanh, Ngha ny trc ni. [21] Phm vt g sanh ra, l php hu c sanh hay php v c sanh, hay l php va hu va v c sanh? u khng ng; iu ny trc ni. La ba s th ny khng c s sanh no na. Th nn khng sanh. 81)Nu cc php khi dit, Lc y khng th sanh. Php nu chng c dit, Khng c trng hp ny. [22] Nu php c tng dit y chng th sanh. Ti sao? V hai tng tri ngc: Mt l do tng dit m bit php y l dit; hai l do tng sanh m bit php y l sanh. Hai php th tri nhau, mt lc cng pht hin th khng ng. Th nn php thuc tng dit th khng th sanh. Hi: Nu cc php thuc tng dit khng th sanh. Vy Php khng thuc tng dit th c th sanh? p: Tt c php hu vi do nim nim hoi dit nn khng c php g khng dit. La hu vi ra, quyt nh khng php v vi. Php v vi ch c danh t, th nn ni chng c trng hp no m php khng dit. Hi: Nu cc php khng sanh vy c th tr? p: 82)Php khng tr khng tr, Php tr cng chng tr. ang tr cng khng tr, Chng sanh lm sao tr? [23]

Php khng tr th khng c tr, v khng c tng tr. Php tr cng khng tr. Ti sao? V tr. Nhn c i nn c tr. Nu php tr vn c sn trc, th khng th c tr na. Php ang tr cng chng tr. Ngoi trng hp tr v khng tr, khng c ci ang tr no khc, th nn ci ang tr cng khng tr. Nh th trong mi trng hp, khng th tm thy c tr, do khng c sanh. Nu khng sanh lm g c tr? Li na: 83)Nu cc php khi dit, Php y khng th tr. Php nu chng hy dit, u khng c l ny. [24] Nu php thuc tng dit, php y chng c tng tr. Ti sao? V trong mt php m c hai tng tri ngc; mt l tng dit, hai l tng tr. Trong mt thi v mt x m c tng va tr va dit, th iu y chng ng. Th nn, khng th ni php thuc tng dit m c tr. Hi: Nu php khng hy dit m n c tr th sao? p: Chng c Php khng hoi dit. Ti sao? 84)Tt c php hin hu, Thy l tng gi cht. Khng h thy c php. La gi cht c tr. [25] Tt c php khi sanh ra, lun lun b chi phi bi v thng. V thng c hai l lo v t. Nh th, tt c cc php lun lun c tng lo, t, nn chng c lc no tr. Li na: 85)Tr chng t tng tr,

Cng khng d tng tr. Nh sanh khng t sanh, Cng chng d tng sanh. [26] Nu c php tr, th n tr bng tng trng ca chnh n hay tr bng tng trng ca ci khc? C hai u khng ng. Nu tr vi tng trng ca chnh n, th n l php hng thng. Tt c php hu vi t cc duyn pht sanh. Nu php tr m tr vi chnh n th khng gi l hu vi. Tr th, nu t tng tr th php th cng l t tng tr. Nh con mt khng th t thy. Tng tr cng nh th, nu tr vi d tng th tr y li c thm ci tr khc th th v cng. Li na, ta thy rng php d bit sanh ra tng d bit. Ch khng th khng nhn ni php d bit m c tng d bit. V nh th th tng d bit s nht nh. Nhng nhn tng dit m tr, y l khng ng. Hi: Nu khng tr th phi c dit? p: Khng c. Ti sao? 86)Ci dit khng dit, Ci dit cng khng dit. ang dit cng khng dit, Khng sanh sao c dit? [27] Nu php hoi dit th khng dit, v trc dit ri. Cha hy dit cng chng c dit. Ngoi hai trng hp trn, chng c ci ang dit. Nh th xt k, php hy dit tc l khng sanh. Chng sanh lm sao c dit? Li na: 87)Nu php m c tr, Php y chng th dit. Php nu nh khng tr, Php y cng chng dit. [28]

Nu php quyt nh tr th khng c dit. V sao? Trc c tng tr. Nu Php tr m dit, th th c hai tng; tng tr v tng dit. Th nn, khng th ni trong tr c dit. Nh sanh v t khng th hin hu mt lc. Nu php chng tr cng khng c dit. Ti sao? V la tng tr. Nu la tng tr th khng c php. Khng c php lm sao c hy dit. Li na: 88)Php y thi y, Khng dit thi y. Php y thi khc, Khng dit thi khc. [29] Nu php c tng hoi dit, th php y dit vi t tng hay l vi d tng? C hai u khng ng. V sao? Nh sa chng hy dit khi ang c sa. V khi no c sa th khi y tng sa nht nh tn ti. Khi n khng l sa, n cng chng dit. V khng phi l sa th khng th ni sa hy dit. Li na: 89)Nh tt c cc Php, Tng sanh khng th c. V khng c tng sanh. Th tng dit cng khng. [30] Nh suy nghim trn, khng th tm thy tng sanh ca php, by gi tc chng c tng dit. Sanh b bc b cho nn l khng sanh. Khng sanh lm th no dit? Nu ng cha dt khot. Nay s bc b thm na nhn duyn ca dit. 90)Nu Php vn thc hu, Php y khng c dit. Chng th trong mt php,

C tng va hu v. [31] Cc php khi ang hin hu th khng th tm thy tng dit. V sao? Lm g trong mt php m c tng va hu va v. Nh nh sng v bng ti khng th cng mt ch. Li na: 91)Nu Php vn khng th, Php y chng c dit. Nh ci u th hai, Khng, nn chng th cht. [32] Php nu l v th th chng c tng dit. Nh ci u th hai, cnh tay th ba vn chng c, nn khng th b cht. Li na: 92)Php khng t tng dit, Khng do tha tng dit, Nh t tng khng sanh, Tha tng cng chng sanh. [33] Nh trc ni v tng sanh; sanh chng t sanh, cng khng t ci khc sanh. Nu do t th pht sanh th khng ng. Tt c Php u t cc duyn sanh pht khi. Cng nh u ngn tay t n khng th xc chm chnh n. Cng vy, sanh khng th t sanh. T ci khc m sanh cng chng ng. Ti sao? V sanh chng c; lm th no t ci khc sanh? S sanh y khng sanh, nn khng c t th. T th khng, th tha th cng khng. Th nn, t ci khc sanh cng chng ng. Php dit cng nh th; khng do t tng dit, chng phi do tha tng dit. Li na: 93)Sanh, tr, dit chng thnh,

Nn khng c hu vi. V php hu vi khng c, u c php v vi. [34] Trc y ng c ni tng sanh, tr, dit nn c php pu vi. V c hu vi nn c v vi. Nay dng l xt k, ba tng chng th c, lm sao ni c hu vi? Nh trc ni, chng c php no khng c tng. V php hu vi khng, lm th no ni c v vi? Tng v vi, l chng sanh, chng tr, chng dit. Do ph nhn tng hu vi nn gi l v vi. V vi t n khng c tng ring bit. Nhn ba tng y m c tng v vi. Nh la l tng ca s nng; t l tng ca s cng; nc l tng ca s lnh. V vi th chng phi th. Hi: Nu sanh, tr, dit y hon ton khng c, ti sao trong lun c th ni n danh t ca chng? p: 94)Nh huyn cng nh mng, Nh thnh Cn-tht-b. Sanh, tr, dit c ni, Tng ca chng cng vy. [35] Tng sanh, tr, dit khng c quyt nh. Ngi phm phu tham chp, ni c tng c nh. Cc bc Hin Thnh, v thng xt, mun dt s in o kia, nn dng cc danh t b chp trc kia m ni. Ngn ng tuy ng nhng tm li khc bit. Khng nn thc mc v cch ni tng sanh, tr, dit nh vy. Cng nh ci c to ra bng o thut th khng nn gn Hi nguyn do ca n; cng chng nn trong m c t tng bun, vui; ch nn ly con mt m nhn thi. Nh iu c thy trong chim bao khng nn cho l tht. Nh thnh Cn-tht-b khi mt tri mc th xut hin nhng n khng c thc, m ch c gi c danh c t m thi, khng bao lu n s bin mt. Sinh, tr, dit cng nh th. K phm phu phn bit cho l c, ngi tr xt k th khng th c.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1] Nguyn theo bn Phn hin ti l Qun hu vi (Saskfta-parkw), ph phn khi nim hu vi. [2] Ba tng l sanh tng, tr tng v dit t ng. Thng thng quan nim rng: Tt c cc php hu tnh u c ba tng l sanh, tr v dit. Ngha l cc php sanh ra th an tr v tiu dit, l l v thng v bin chuyn. Long Th B tt li c quan nim c th mun chng ta truy suy cc php hu tnh v tnh, thuc php hu vi y c ba tng sanh, tr v dit, bng cch no. Nu c nh chp nh th, theo Ngi cho l khng xc tht. Cho nn trong cu 3-4-4, Long Th B tt dy rng, nu php hu vi u c 3 tng th sanh cng c tr dit, tr cng c sanh dit.. v nh th v cng ci sanh tr dit. Li na, trong mt php khng th no ng thi c ba tng khc nhau. Bi v nu php sanh, th khng phi l tr l dit. Php tr th khng phi l sanh l dit. Ba tng khi tr khi tn, chnh n khng c s tng nht nh. Nu n khng c s tng nht nh, th n l v vi, ch khng phi hu vi. [3] y Lun ch a ra nguyn tc nghch suy v cng m trong phng php lun ca trit hc phng Ty gi l gim tr bi l. Vn c rt dn cho n ch t n chng t n l v l. [4] Cu 80 ni rng ba tng khng th cho l v cng nh on trn cp. Bi v khi c php sanh, n lin quan n by php m thi. by php trng phng lc l: 1) Php, 2) Sanh, 3) Tr, 4) Dit, 5) Sanh sanh, 6) Tr tr, 7) Dit dit. Bn thc trc l Php, Sanh, Tr v Dit, chng ta tm hiu nh trn. Cn mn sanh sanh l c t bn sanh m c. Bn sanh c hiu nh mt th ct cn sanh ra ci s sanh, ri t ci s sanh sanh cc php gi l sanh sanh, ri t sanh sanh c su php hu vi kia. C sanh sanh tc c tr tr, c tr tr tc c dit dit. [5] T cu 81- 84 a ra mt nghi vn na. nu cho rng ci sanh sanh c l t ci bn sanh, th ci sanh sanh lm th no sanh ra ci bn sanh. Ci sanh sanh n cn cha c, hung h c th sanh ra ci bn sanh, v ci bn sanh, sanh s sanh cng th. [6] T cu 10 11 ly ngn n th d sanh sanh c th pht ra bn sanh, v bn sanh c th sanh ra ci sanh sanh. Nh vy, n t n c kh nng chiu sng v chnh n cng c chiu sng ci khc lm tan bng ti.

[7] Cu 15 ni ngc li, nu ngn n c th t n chiu n v c th chiu sng ci khc th ci ti cng c th t n ti v lm ti ci khc, ti v sng hai i tng tng phn nhng rt tng quan tng h. Bi v khng sng th khng ti. Khng c ti th khng sng. Bit c c sng l nh c ti v ngc li. [8] T cu 90 tr xung l lun v tr dit cng ng nh sanh. Mc ch ca Long Th B tt l mun l lun tn cng, nhm dp thin kin chp trc c nh nh th ny, th khc. Cc php duyn sanh khng t th, khi hip gi l sanh, l tr, khi tan r gi l dit. Tuy nhin bn th chn khng (Snya) khng v nhn duyn hip tan m c sanh dit. Phm phu tr cn sng khng phn bit vng kin, nhn gi lm chn, nh ngi nm mng, thy cnh trong mng cho l tht. Song n ch l mng o. Cc Php sanh tr d bit cng l nh th Nh chim bao, o huyn khng chn tht. [9] D m. La-thp dng in Trung quc dch. Trang T Nam hoa kinh. D m d, trn ai d. Sinh vt chi d tc tng xuy d. Nga ng, tc l khi bi vy. Sinh vt ly hi m thi nhau vy. Tc ch hi nng trong cc ng rung bc ln lm hoa mt, trong thy nh by nga ang chy. ---o0o---

CHNG VIII: QUN TC, TC GI[1]


Hi: Hin thc c s to tc, c tc gi v tc php c vn dng. Ba s th ny phi hp cho nn c qu bo, th nn bit c tc gi v tc nghip. p: T trc ti nay trong mi chng, ph tt c php, chng cn php no. Nh ph ba tng, sinh, tr, dit. V ba tng khng nn chng c hu vi. V hu vi th chng c v vi. Hu vi, v vi khng, th tt c php u khng. Tc v tc gi, nu thuc hu vi, trong on hu vi php ph hy. Nu thuc v vi, cng hy ph trong v vi. ng l khng nn lp li. V tm chp trc ca ng qu su dy nn li Hi na. Nay s p: 95)Tc gi nu thc hu, Khng to nghip thc hu. Tc gi khng thc hu, Khng to nghip bt thc.[2] [1]

Nu trc tin tc gi thc hu[3] v tc nghip thc hu, th khng th c s to tc. Bng trc tc gi khng thc hu, tc nghip khng thc hu th cng khng c s to tc. V sao? 96)Nghip thc hu khng tc, V nghip khng tc gi. Tc gi thc khng tc, V tc gi khng nghip. [2] Nu trc tin tc nghip l thc hu, th chng cn n tc gi. Nu ri tc gi m c tc nghip, th l ra c nghip c to. Nhng iu y khng ng. Hoc trc tin tc gi l thc hu, cng khng cn c tc nghip. Nu ri tc nghip m c tc gi th iu y khng ng. Hoc trc tin tc gi l thc hu, cng khng cn c tc nghip. Nu ri tc nghip m c tc gi th iu y khng ng. Do tc gi thc hu v tc nghip thc hu u khng th c s to tc. Tc gi khng thc hu v tc nghip khng thc hu th cng khng th c s to tc. V sao? V bn lai n vn khng c. C tc gi v c tc nghip m cn khng th to tc, hung l khng tc gi v khng c tc nghip. Li na: 97)Nu tc gi thc hu, V tc nghip thc hu. Tc gi to tc nghip, Lin ri vo v nhn. [3] Nu trc tin tc gi l thc hu v tc nghip cng thc hu m ng cho rng tc gi c to tc l v nhn. La tc nghip c tc ga, la tc gi c tc nghip; th khng t nhn duyn m hin hu. Hi: Nu khng t nhn duyn m c tc gi v tc nghip th c li g? p: 98)Nu ri vo v nhn,

Th khng nhn, khng qu.[4] Khng tc, khng tc gi. Khng tc php vn.[5] [4] 99)Nu php khng to tc, Th khng c ti phc. V ti phc u khng, Qu bo ti phc khng. [5] 100)Chng qu bo ti phc, Cng khng c Nit-bn. Nhng g c to tc, Trng khng khng kt qu. [6] Nu ri vo ngha v nhn, th tt c php khng nhn, khng qu. Php nng sanh lm nhn, php s sanh l qu, c hai s khng. Do c hai u khng, cho nn khng c s to tc. Chng c tc gi cng khng c tc php c vn dng, cng chng c ti phc. V ti phc khng c, nn chng c qu bo ti phc v con ng i n Nit-bn. Th nn, khng th t v nhn pht sinh. Hi: Nu tc gi khng thc hu, nhng tc nghip thc hu th c li g? p: Mt ci khng, cn chng th khi ln tc nghip, hung l c hai ci u khng. Th nh ngi huyn dng ngi nh bng h khng, y ch c ni ngn thuyt m khng tc gi v chng c tc nghip. Hi: Nu khng c tc gi, chng c tc nghip, th khng c ci c to tc, nhng y nu c tc gi, c tc nghip vy c th c s to tc? p: 101)Tc gi thc, bt thc,

Khng to tc hai nghip. V c, khng tri ngc, Mt ch chng th hai. [7] Tc gi va thc hu va khng thc hu, khng th to tc nghip va thc va bt thc. Ti sao? V c v khng tri nhau; trong mt x chng th c hai. C, l thc hu; khng, l chng thc hu. Mi con ngi mt s vic, lm th no c th va c va khng? Li na: 102) C chng th lm khng, Khng chng th lm c. Nu c tc, tc gi, Li kia nh trc ni. [8] Nu c tc gi, m chng c tc nghip, th lm sao c ci c to tc? Hoc chng tc gi, nhng c tc nghip cng khng th c ci c to tc. V sao? Nh trn ni v trng hp c. Nu trc c tc nghip, th tc gi s to tc ci g? Nu l khng c tc nghip, lm sao c th to tc? Nh th l ph nhn duyn v qu bo ca ti phc v.v.. Th nn li tng ni: Ci c chng th to ci khng, ci khng chng th to ci c. Nu c tc v tc gi, li kia nh trc ni. Li na: 103)Tc gi khng to nghip, Thc hu hay bt thc. Va thc va bt thc, Li kia trc ni.[6] [9] Nghip thc hu ph hy, nghip bt thc cng ph hy lun, nghip va thc va bt thc cng ph. Nay mun nht thi ng ph hy nn li tng

ni: Th nn tc gi khng th to tc ba trng hp ca nghip. Nay tc gi vi ba trng hp cng chng c to nghip v sao? 104)Tc gi thc, bt thc, Va thc, va bt thc, Khng th to tc nghip; Li y trc ni. [10] Tc gi thc hay bt thc, hay va thc va bt thc thy u khng th to nghip. V sao? Nh trn ni v nhn duyn sai lm ca 3 trng hp: y cng ni rng. Th th trong mi trng hp khng th tm thy c tc gi v tc nghip. Hi: Nu ni rng khng c tc gi, chng tc nghip th li ri vo v nhn? p: Nghip y t cc duyn m pht sanh, gi gi l c, cng khng phi l thc hu nh ng ni. V sao? 105)Nhn nghip c tc gi, Nhn tc gi c nghip. Thnh nghip ngha nh th, Cng khng th khc hn. [11] Nghip trc tin chng quyt nh. Nhn ngi khi nghip; nhn nghip, c tc gi, tc gi cng chng c quyt nh. Nhn c tc nghip m ni c tc gi. C hai s th y phi hp m tu thnh tc v tc gi. Nu do s ha hp m pht sanh th khng c t tnh, v khng c t tnh, nn l Khng. Khng th khng c ci g c sanh ra. Nhng ty theo s c tng phn bit ca phm phu m ni c tc gi c tc nghip. Trong nht ngha chng c tc nghip, tc gi. Li na: 106)Nh ph tc, tc gi,

Th, th gi cng th. V tt c cc php, Cng nn nh th ph.[7] [12] Nh tc v tc gi, khng th tch ri nhau, v chng tch ri nhau, nn khng c nh; v khng c nh nn khng t tnh. Th v th gi cng nh th. Th l thn ng m; th gi l ngi. Nh th, ngoi ngi, khng c nm m; ngoi nm m chng c ngi. Ch t cc duyn m pht sanh. Nh th v th gi, tt c php cn li cng nn nh th m ph. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1] Nguyn trong bn Phn hin ti: Karma-kraka-parkw, qun nghip v tc gi. Nhng y t nghip c hiu theo ngha rt rng v rt tng qut, nn dch l tc, hay tc nghip. Tc ph php khi nin hnh dng v tc gi ca hnh ng. TS [2] tc tc hnh ng to tc, tc gi l ni ngi hnh ng. Ngoi to tc l tc gi, cn c tc php, ngha l cc php do tc gi hnh ng to tc ra n. Nh ngi n cp chic o n cp l ch hnh ng to tc, ngi l ch nhn vt, chic o l ch tc php. Do ba nhn t ny nn mi to thnh nhn qu nghip bo. [3] Trong Hn dch phn ny, cc t, nh, quyt nh, quyt nh hu, u dch t tnh t ting Phn l sadbhta, c rnh cht chn thc hin thc, hay thc hu. TS [4] Ch nhn trong cu u, ting Phn l hetu, nguyn nhn hay l do. Nhn trong cu th hai, ting Phn l karaa, ch tc nhn hay ng lc; cng lin h l qu, ting Phn l krya, ch thnh qu ca hnh ng. C hai t ny u phi xut t ng t cn l KF, lm hay hnh ng hay to tc. Trong cu th t ca bi tng, Hn dch s dng tc php, ting Phn l kriy, ch s thc hnh, thi hnh, hnh vi, hay phng thc hnh ng. Nhm gia tc t ng nh vy nn lu , c th theo di s ph phn ca Lun ch. TS [5] Do y, Long Th B tt nu nhng nghi vn v tc nghip, tc gi i p, tm hiu ngun gc chn l ca n. C ngi cho rng: trc c tc gi v nh nghip. Nu trc c tc gi v nh nghip, th u cn n

hnh ng to tc mi c nghip bo. Khng to tc m c nghip qu l iu v l. V li, trc c nh nghip ri th khng cn n tc gi to tc mi c nghip bo. Qun nim nh th l quan nim v nhn. Khng nhn th khng c qu, khng ti phc. Khng ti phc, nhn qu th khng a ngc Nit-bn. N khng khc g h khng trng rng. [6] T cu 118 Long Th B tt cao nhng ngoi o thng chp nhn sinh trc c nh nghip v bt nh nghip. Ngi chng minh rng khng th trong mt ngi hoc mt ch m c c nh v bt nh. Bi v c v khng mu thun nhau. [7] Cc php duyn sanh, ci ny c th ci kia c. Nhn v nghip mi c tc gi. Nhn v tc gi, mi c nghip v to nghip. y chnh l l tng quan tng duyn, nn phi nhn thc mt cch thit thc v hu l. ---o0o---

CHNG IX: QUN BN TR[1]


Hi: C ngi ni: 107)Cc cn nh mt, tai; Cc php nh kh, lc; Ci g s hu chng, Ci l bn tr. [1] 108)Nu khng c bn tr, Ci g lm ch mt? V th nn phi bit, Trc c bn tr. [2] (Bi tng ni:) Cc cn nh mt, tai l ch cho cc cn gm mt, tai, mi, li, thn v mng. (Bi tng ni:) Cc php nh kh, lc l ch cho cm

th kh, cm th lc, cm th khng kh, khng lc, v cc tm v tm s nh tng, t, c, nim v.v C lun s ni: Trc khi cha c cc php nh mt v.v.. c bn tr. Do bi bn tr y m cc cn nh mt v.v.. c tng trng. Nu khng c bn tr, th cc cn nh thn, mt v.v... do nguyn nhn no pht sanh m c tng trng? p: 109)Nu la cn con mt, Php kh, lc vn vn, M bn tr c trc, Do u m bit c? [3] Nu la cc cn mt, tai, v.v. v nhng php kh, lc m trc c bn tr, th do u ni? lm th no c bit? Nhng php ngoi ti nh ci bnh, ci o v.v.. do cc cn nh mt v.v.. m c bit. Nhng php ni ti, do cc cn kh lc v.v.. tri nhn. Nh kinh ni: C th b hoi dit l tng ca sc; c kh nng lnh th l tng ca th; c kh nng nhn thc, l tng ca thc. ng ni, la mt, tai, kh, lc v.v m trc c bn tr, th do u m bit v ni rng c php ? Hi: C Lun s ni, Hi th ra vo; nhn ngm, nhy lic; th mng, suy ngh, kh, vui, yu, ght, c ng, pht khi v.v.. l tng ca thn ng. Nu chng c thn ng, lm th no c cc hin tng hi th ra vo v.v.. Th nn bit rng, ngoi cc cn mt, tai v.v.. v nhng php kh, lc, trc c bn tr. p: Thn ng nu c, th phi trong thn, nh trong vch nh c ct tr; hay ngoi, th nh ngi mc o gip. Nu trong thn, th thn chng th hoi dit, v thn ng lun lun hin hu. Th nn, thn ng trong thn, ch l ngn thuyt h vng khng tht. Nu ngoi thn, che ph thn nh ci o gip, th thn khng th thy c v b thn ng che ph kn, v cng chng th hy dit. Nhng nay hin thy thn c hoi dit. Th nn phi bit la kh, lc v.v.. trc chng c php no. Nu ni rng khi cht tay, Thn

ng co rt li trong nn khng th b cht; th th khi cht u, thn ng cng co rt li vo trong khng th cht. Nhng tht s c cht. Th nn bit, m la kh vui v.v.. trc c thn ng ch l ngn ng h di khng tht. Li na, nu ni thn ln th thn ng ln, thn nh th thn ng cng nh. Nh ngn n ln th nh sng ln. Ngn n nh th nh sng cng nh. Th l thn ng ty theo thn, chng phi thng. Nu theo thn, thn khng, thn ng chng c. Nh ngn n tt th nh sng hy dit. Nu thn ng l v thng tc ng vi mt, tai, kh vui v.v.. Th nn bit, la mt, tai v.v. trc chng ring c thn ng. Li na, nh ngi b bnh phong cung, chng c t ti i nhng vic khng nn lm m lm. Nu c thn ng lm ch cc hnh ng th sao ni l chng c t ti? Nu bnh cung lon khng lm no hi thn ng th l ra la thn ng ring c s hnh ng. Nh th mi mi xt k, la mt, tai v.v.. v nhng php kh, lc v.v.. trc chng c bn tr. Nu qu quyt ni rng la cc cn mt, tai v.v.. v cc php kh lc v.v.. m trc c bn tr, th khng c l y. Ti sao? Nh y ni: 110)La cc cn mt, tai , M ni c bn tr; Cng nn la bn tr, C mt, tai vn vn.[2] [4] Nu la cc c quan mt, tai v.v.. v nhng php kh lc v..v m trc c bn tr, th nay nhng con mt, tai v.v v ci kh, lc v.v cng nn la bn tr m c. Hi: Hai s kin y c th tch ri nhau. Song gi s c bn tr th sao? p: 111)Do php bit c ngi, Do ngi nhn thy php. La php u c ngi,

Ngoi ngi u c php?[3] [5] Php l mt, tai, kh, lc v.v.. Ngi l bn tr. ng ni, Do c php nn bit ngi, v nhn thy ngi nn bit c php. Nay la nhng php mt, tai v.v.. lm th no c ngi? Ngoi ngi ra lm sao c cc php mt, tai v.v.. Li na: 112)Cc cn nh mt, tai, Tht chng c bn tr. Cc cn nh mt, tai. Do d tng phn bit. [6] Nh cc con mt, tai v.v, nhng php kh, lc v.v.. tht chng c bn tr. Nhn mt duyn sc, pht khi s nhn thc ca con mt, do nhn duyn ha hp bit rng c nhng cn mt, tai v.v; chng phi do bn tr m nhn bit, th nn bi tng ni, Cc cn mt, tai v.v tht chng c bn tr. Nhng cn mt, tai v.v mi ci c th t phn bit. Hi: 113)Mt vn vn cc cn, khng c bn tr. Mt vn vn mi cn, Lm sao nhn bit trn? [8] Nu tt c cc cn mt, tai v.v. v nhng php kh, lc v.v.. khng c bn tr, th y mi mt cn lm th no phn bit cc trn? Cc cn mt, tai v.v.. chng c suy t, khng th c s nhn bit, khi tht s chng c kh nng bit cc trn nn bit la cc cn mt, tai v.v cn ci khc c kh nng nhn thc cc trn. p: Nu vy trong mi mt cn u c ch th nhn thc hay l ch mt ch th nhn thc chung cho cc cn c li, V sao?

114)Ngi thy tc ngi nghe, Ngi nghe tc ngi th. Cc cn m nh th, Th mi c bn tr. [9] Nu ngi thy tc ngi nghe, ngi nghe tc ngi th, th c mt thn ng. Cc cn mt, tai v.v.. nh th mi c th c sn bn tr. Th th sc, thanh, hng v.v.. khng c ch th nhn thc nht nh; hoc c th dng mt nghe ting, nh ngi ng gia su hng ty thy hay nghe. Nu ngi nghe, ngi thy cng l mt th c th ty thy hay nghe bng con mt c c. Song iu y khng ng. 115)Nu thy nghe u khc, Ngi cm th cng khc. Khi thy cng l nghe, Th th nhiu thn ng. [10] Nu ngi thy c nghe v ngi cm th u khc th khi thy cng l nghe. Ti sao? V la ngi thy m c ngi nghe. Nh th, thn ng trong mt lc phi khp trong tai, mi, li, thn. Nu vy ngi ch mt m thn ng th nhiu v tt c cn cng mt lc nhn bit cc trn. Nhng tht chng phi. Th nn ngi thy, ngi nghe v ngi cm gic khng th s dng ln ln. Li na: 116)Cc cn nh mt, tai, Cc php nh kh lc, u sinh t i chng; i chng cng khng ng. [11]

Nu ni rng la nhng cn mt, tai v.v.. v cc php kh vui v.v.. ring c bn tr, iu y trc ph. Nay i vi nguyn nhn ca mt, tc bn i. Trong bn i y cng khng c bn tr. Hi: C th khng c bn tr ca cc cn mt, tai v.v v cc php kh vui v.v Nhng phi c cc cn mt, tai v.v nhng php kh vui v.v p: 117)Cc cn nh mt, tai, Cc php nh kh, lc v.v.. Nu chng c bn tr, Th mt ti cng khng. [12] Nu mt, tai, kh, lc v.v cc php khng c bn tr th ci g lm ch mt, tai cc th? Do duyn g m chng c? Th nn mt tai v.v.. cng khng. Li na: 118)Mt, tai khng bn tr, Nay v sau cng khng. V ba thi chng c, Khng c, chng phn bit. [13] Suy ngh cng tn, bn tr khng c trc mt, tai v.v..; nay v sau ny cng khng. Nu ba thi chng c tc l tch dit v sanh, khng nn c nn vn rng, Nu khng bn tr lm sao c mt, tai v.v Vn p nh th, h lun lin hy dit. H lun chm dt cc php tc khng. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1] Bn tr, nguyn ting Phn prva, nguyn thy, khi thy, ci c trc. Ct Tng ch gii: Thn Ng, Pht tnh, Nh Lai tng, A-li-da thc, u l nhng t ng ngha ca bn tr.

[2] Bn tr l ch thn ng thng thng gi linh hn. Cu 124-125 ni mt s lun s ngoi o quan nim rng: Con ngi c ci tnh Bn tr, do c bn tr nn c cc cn: mt, tai, mi, li v.v.. v cc cn xc, lnh th s vui bun nu trc khng c bn tr th ai l s hu cc vic . Cho nn bit rng trc c bn ng. [3] T cu 126-129, c ngha phn li quan nim trn v nhn mnh rng, khng c thn ng trc hoc tch ri cc cn trn Nh c php bit c ngi, nh c ngi bit c php. Mt, tai v.v. nhng cn tip xc cc trn cnh m pht sanh s nhn thc. Nh nhn duyn ha hip cn cnh m c thc, s tht khng c thn ng no ng ngoi cn trn nhn thc. V th, xa nay khng c thn ng, ch do vng tm phn bit chp trc. Tt c do t i ha hip hnh thnh n l gi hu m thi.

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CHNG X: QUN NHIN, KH NHIN[1]


Hi: Nn c th v th gi; cng nh la v ci. La l th gi, ci l th; tc l nm m. p: iu y khng ng. V sao? Ci t (nhin) v ci b t (kh nhin) u bt thnh. Ci t v Ci b t c chng thnh bng php mt hay bng php hai? Nhng c hai trng hp u bt thnh. Hi: Hy gc qua vn nht th hay d th. Nu ni rng khng c ci t v ci b t nay ti sao li bc b chng bng tnh cht nht th v d th? Nh lng ra, sng th, khng hin thc nn chng b ph hy. C nh s thy ca th gian, trc ht phi c s th thc hu, sau mi c th t duy. T d nh c vng sau mi c s thiu t v trui luyn. Cng th, nu khng tha nhn la v ci th vn nht th v d th ca chng c t ra lm g? Nu ng cho rng c nht, d th th phi bit c la v ci. Nu chp nhn c tc l c. p: Vn c t ra l cn c vo tp qun ngn ng ca th tc cho nn khng c li. t vn la v ci vo nguyn l nht d khng phi l tha nhn chng. Nu la ngn ng th tc th khng c y c lun bn. Nu khng ni n ci t v ci b t, th lm sao c ci ph. Nu chng c ci g c ni, th ngha khng c sng t. Nh cc lun gia

mun ph v ci c v khng tt phi ni n chng; ch khng phi v ni n c v khng m cho l chp nhn c. y l ty theo ngn thuyt ca th gian nn khng c li. Nu cho rng c th ming ni l c th chp nhn, vy th li bc b ca ng chnh l t bc b. La v ci cng nh th. Tuy c ni n, nhng khng phi tha nhn. Th nn, dng nht th hay d th t duy v la v ci, c hai u khng tu thnh. Ti sao? 119)Nu la tc l ci, Tc, tc gi l mt. Nu la khc vi ci, La ci ra c la.[2] [1] Ci t l la; ci b t l ci. Tc gi l ngi, tc l nghip. Nu la v ci l nht th, th tc, tc gi cng th. Nu tc v tc gi l nht th th ng th gm v chic bnh cng l mt. Tc gi l ng th gm, tc l chic bnh. ng th gm khng phi bnh, bnh chng phi ng th gm, lm sao c nht th? Tc, tc gi khng phi mt th la v ci cng chng phi mt. Nu ni rng nht th chng c th d th cng khng ng. V sao? Nu la v ci khc th la ci ra, ring c la. Phn bit rng y l ci, y l la th bt c u khng ci t c la bc chy, nhng tht khng phi vy, th nn d th chng c. Li na: 120)Nh th la thng chy, Khng cn dng n ci. Chng cn cng t la, Cng l la v tc. [2] Nu la v ci khc bit th la khng cn ci m thng t bc chy. Nu thng bc chy, la s tn ti vi t th ca n, khng cn nhn duyn; v cng ca ngi tr thnh v ch. Cng ca ngi l ngi gip cho la chy. Nhng cng tc y hin c, th nn bit la v ci khng phi hai d th bit lp.

Li na, nu la v ci d bit, th la khng do to tc. La m khng ci th t ci g? Nu th la s l ci khng do to tc. Khng c iu y. Hi: Ti sao nu la chng t nhn duyn sanh th cng ca ngi s v ch? p: 121)La khng cn n ci, Th chng t duyn sanh. La nu thng bc chy, Cng ngis v ch. [3] Nu la v ci l hai d th bit lp. Khng cn c ci m vn c la. Nu khng cn ci m c la, s khng c s h tng quan h. Th th, la khng t nhn duyn pht sanh. Li na, nu la khc vi ci, l ra la thng chy. Nu thng xuyn bc chy th khng cn c ci m vn thy c la ring bit v khng cn cng ngi. V sao? 122)Nu ni rng khi t, Gi l vt b t. By gi ch c ci, Vt g t, b t.[3] [4] Nu ni trc c ci, lc bc chy gi l vt b chy (kh nhin); iu y khng ng. Nu la la ring c ci, ti sao li ni khi bc chy th c gi l ci b t (kh nhin)? Li na: 123)Khc th khng tip xc, Khng tip xc chng chy.

Khng chy th khng tt, Khng tt th thng tr. [5] Nu la v ci l hai d th bit lp th la khng i n vi ci t chy ci. Ti sao? V chng khng quan h nhau thnh tu. Nu la khng do tng quan m thnh tu, th t n tr bn v ca n, cn g n ci? Th nn, n chng n tip xc. Nu khng n th s khng t ci b t. Ti sao? V khng c trng hp khng tip xc m c th t chy. Nu khng chy, chng c tt, nn thng tr t tng. iu y khng ng. Hi: 124)La v ci d bit, M c th n ci. Nh ngi ny n kia, Ngi kia n ngi ny. [6] La v ci d bit m la c th n vi ci, cng nh ngi nam n vi ngi n, ngi n n ngi nam. p: 125)Nu ni la v ci, C hai tch ri nhau. Nh th la c th, i n t ci kia. [7] Nu la la c ci, hoc la ci c la chy, mi ci t thnh, nh th la mi c th n t ci; m s tht khng phi vy. V sao? La la khng c ci, la ci khng th c la. Nhng nay la ngi nam c n, la ngi n c nam, th nn d ca ng bt thnh. La chng th n vi ci. Hi: La v ci nng nhau m c. Nhn ci c la; nhn la c ci. Hai s kin y quan h nhau m thnh.

p: 126)Nhn ci m c la, Nhn la m c ci. Trc nh c php g, M c la v ci? [8] Nu ni do c ci m c la, th ngc li, do c la m c ci, vy ci no c trc v ci no c sau? Nu do c ci m c la, th tt ci c trc. Nu do c la m c ci, tt la c trc. Nay nu nhn ci to thnh la th trc c ci sau mi c la. Khng cn i la, vn c ci. Ti sao? V ci c trc, la c sau. Nu la khng t c ci, th ci khng thnh. Li, ci khng hin hu ni khng c la. Nu ci khng thnh, la cng chng thnh. Nu trc c la sau c ci, la cng c li nh vy. Th nn, la v ci u bt thnh. Li na: 127)Nu do ci c la, La thnh ri thnh na. Nh th l trong ci, Khng c la hin hu. [9] Nu cho rng do c ci m la thnh tu. La tu thnh ri li thnh na. V sao? La t tr bn v ca n. Nu la khng tn ti vi t th ca n m li thnh tu t ci, chng c u y. Th nn c la t ci m tu thnh th nay la thnh ri, li tu thnh na, nh th c li. Li c li, ci khng c la. Ti sao? V la ci, la t tr th ca n. Th nn, ni la v ci lm nhn cho nhau, iu y khng ng. Li na: 128)Nu php do nhn thnh, Php y li thnh nhn.

Nay khng c nhn thnh, Cng chng php c thnh. [10] Nu php no cn c nhn thnh tu, th ngc li ci nhn gc cng cn n php ny thnh tu. Mt cch quyt nh nh vy, th th khng c hai s kin. Nh nhn bi ci b t m ci t c chng thnh. Ri li nhn bi ci t m ci b t c chng thnh. Th th c hai u bt nh. Bt nh, cho nn khng th nhn thc c. V sao? 129)Nu thnh do quan h; Cha thnh, quan h g? thnh mi quan h; thnh, quan h g? [11] Nu cho rng php c chng thnh nhn bi quan h i i; nhng t th trc cha tu thnh th khng c t th; khng t th lm th no c i tng i i? Nu t th y, trc tu thnh; thnh khng cn tng quan i i. C hai u chng c s tng nhn. Th nn, trc ng ni, La v ci do i i nhau tu thnh, iu y khng ng. Th nn: 130)Do ci th khng la, Khng do cng chng la. Do la khng c ci. Khng do cng khng ci. [12] Nay, do quan h ci, th la khng tu thnh; khng do quan h ci, la cng khng tu thnh. Ci cng nh th. Do la hay khng do la, u khng thnh. Li y trc ni. Li na: 131)La khng ch khc n, Ch t cng chng la.

Ci cng ging nh th, Ngoi ra nh kh, lai. [13] La khng t ch ci; trong ci cng khng c la. V ch ci tm la, khng th c. Ci cng nh th, khng t ch no n vi la; trong la cng khng ci. Nh t th khng c t; cha t khng c t, ang t cng khng t, ngha y trong chng Kh lai ni. Th nn: 132)Ci khng phi l la,[4] La ci cng khng la. La m khng c ci[5], Trong la khng c ci, 133)Trong ci khng c la.[6] [13] Ci khng phi l la, ti sao? V cng li nh tc v tc gi l mt ni trc. Ngoi ci khng c la, v c nhng li l n thng chy. La khng c ci, trong la khng c ci, trong ci khng c la; v c s sai lm v d th. Do , c ba trng hp u bt thnh. Hi: V sao li bn n la v ci? p: Cng nh do ci mi c la. Nh th, do th mi c th gi. Th, tc l nm m. Th gi l con ngi. V la v ci khng tu thnh th th v th gi cng bt thnh. V sao? 134)Vi trng hp la ci, M ni th, th gi. V ni n bnh, o, V tt c cc php. [14] Cng nh ci khng phi la. Cng th, th chng phi th gi, v ng li nh tc v tc gi l mt. Li la th khng c th gi v chng khng th d

bit v v c sai lm v d th cho nn c ba trng hp u bt thnh. Cng nh th v th gi, tt c cc php ngoi gii nh ci bnh v ci o v.v. u ng nh trn ni. Chng khng sanh khi, rt ro l khng. Th nn: 135)Ngi no ni c nga, V cc php d bit; Nn bit ngi nh th, Khng thm nhun Pht Php. [15] Cc php t xa n nay vn khng sanh; rt ro l tng tch dit. Th nn cui chng ni bi tng ny. Ngi no ni c tng ng, l ch cc nh c t b ni rng, khng th ni sc tc l ng, khng th ni la sc c ng. Ng thuc v nhm th nm gi l bt kh thuyt tang. Nh cc nh Tt-b-a ch trng tng trng sai bit ca cc php rng, y l thin, y l bt thin, y l v k, y l hu lu, v lu, hu vi, v vi v.v.. sai bit. Nhng ngi nh th chng chng c tch dit tng ca cc php; em li Pht dy to thnh nhng h lun.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1] Nguyn ting Phn, Agnndhana, la v ci (hay nhin liu). Nhng t la v ci trong bn Vit; trong bn Hn u l nhin v kh nhin, t v b t. TS [2] t l ch la chy, "t, kh t" l ch vt b t nh ci. on ny ging nh on trc ni v tc v tc gi, th v th gi (lnh th v ngi lnh th) la t v d cho ngi th, kh t v d cho vt lnh th. V tc gi, tc nghip. [3] La t v ci vt b t khng phi mt, cng khng phi khc. Nu mt; tc la vi ci khng khc. nu l khc th la v ci khng lin h nhau, la khng th lm chy ci. Cng nh ngi to tc v vt to l mt

th ngi ta c th ni ngi lm bnh vi ci bnh l mt. Nh vy khi gi ci bnh, th ngi lm bnh cng c th c gi l ngi bnh Trong tc gi c bnh, trong bnh c tc gi Cn vng chp l cha nhn chn c php vi diu ca Pht php vy. [4] bn: kh nhin tc phi nhin. Cc bn Tng-Nguyn-Minh: Nhc kh nhin v nhin. i chiu bn Phn: indhana punar agnir na, ngnir anyatra cendhant, li na, ci khng phi l la; nhng ngoi ci khng c la. [5] bn: nhin v hu kh nhin. Cc bn Tng-Nguyn-Minh: nhin dic v kh nhin. Bn Phn ni: ngnir indhanavn, la khng l ci cci ; trong , indhanvat (c-ci) l tnh t pht xut ca danh t indhana (ci), y c hiu l thut t (tc v ng) lm chc nng phm nh cho danh t agni (la). Quan h danh t v tnh t nh y l cn c ng php phn tch quan h th v tng. y cng l iu cn lu . TS [6] Trong bn Hn, bi tng cng gm 5 cu.

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CHNG XI: QUN BN T


Hi: Trong kinh V bn t c ni: Chng sanh qua li sanh t, nhng khng th tm thy bn t. Trong y kinh ni c chng sanh, c sanh t, v nhn duyn g m ni li y? p: 136)c i Thnh dy rng: Bn t khng th c, Sanh t khng c u, Cng li chng c cui. [1] Thnh nhn c ba hng: 1) Ngoi o chng ng thn thng. 2) A-la- hn, Bch-chi Pht. 3) i b tt c thn thng. c Pht i trong ba hng y

l hn ht, nn ni l i Thnh. Nhng li Pht dy khng iu no l khng chn tht. Ni Sanh t khng c khi u l v sao? Tm trc v sau ca sanh t khng th c, th nn khng c u. ng ni trc v sau khng c, th l ra c khong gia. Cng khng ng. Ti sao? 137)Nu khng c u cui, Lm g c trung gian. Th nn trong y, Khng va trc va sau.[1] [2] Nhn gia v sau nn c u, nhn u v gia nn c sau. Nu khng u, khng sau; lm th no c gia? Trong sanh t, khng c u, gia v sau. Th nn ni trc sau cng lc l khng th c. 138)Gi s trc c sanh, Ri sau c lo t. Khng lo t c sanh, Khng sanh c lo t.[2] [3] 139)Nu trc c lo t, Ri sau mi c sanh. Th l khng c nhn; Khng sanh, c lo t. [4] Chng sanh sanh t; nu trc sanh ra, dn dn gi yu, ri sau mi cht. Nh th s sanh m khng c s gi cht. Theo l sanh phi c gi cht, gi cht phi c sanh; khng gi cht m c sanh l khng ng. Li na, nhn sanh m c gi cht. Nu gi cht c trc, sanh c sau; th gi cht khng c nhn, v sanh sau gi cht. Li, khng sanh lm th no c gi cht? Nu ni, sanh, gi v cht khng th trc sau, nhng ng thi tu thnh, th cng c li, v sao? 140)Sanh i vi gi cht,

Khng th cng mt lc. V khi sanh l cht, Th c hai khng nhn. [5] Nu sanh, gi v cht ng thi th khng ng. Ti sao? V khi sanh tc l c cht. Theo l khi sanh l hin hu, lc cht l khng cn. Nu khi sanh c cht, iu y khng ng. Nu ng thi sanh th khng h tng quan h. Nh cp sng con tru cng lc xut hin, cho nn khng h tng quan h. Th nn: 142)Gi s trc sau chung, y u l khng ng. Ti sao m h lun, Ni c sanh, gi, cht. [6]

V suy ngh c ba trng hp sanh, lo, t u c li; cho nn khng sanh, rt ro khng. Nhng nay v sao m chp h lun, ni quyt nh c sanh, lo, t ? Li na: 142)Nhng g thuc nhn qu, Php nng tng, s tng, Th, th gi vn vn, K tt c cc php. [7] 143)Chng nhng ch sanh t, Bn t khng th c. Nh th tt c php,

Thy u khng bn t. [8] Tt c php l nhn qu, nng tng s tng, th v th gi v.v u khng bn t, ch khng phi ch ni sanh t khng c bn t. Bi v khai th tm tt, nn ch ni sanh t khng bn t. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1] Bn t l ch tnh nguyn th, chn nh tht th bn tnh bt dit. Cc php nhn duyn sanh, chng sanh xa nay sanh t, sanh t trin min, khong u khng cui. Cho nn khng th ni rng trc do c ci bn t. Th (u) khng c, chung (cui) Khng c, th trung gian cng khng. Khng th ni rng, gia ci th v ci chung gi l trung. [2] Chp sanh c trc ri sau c lo t, hay lo t c trc ri sau c sanh, hoc sanh lo t ng thi c u l vng chp. V sanh t khng c th tnh, ly bn t lm th, m bn t, v th, v chung, do , khng th ni, ci ny c trc ci kia c sau Do v bt gic vng ng m c sanh t vng tng ---o0o---

CHNG XII: QUN KH


C thuyt ni rng: 144)T tc v tha tc, Cng tc, v nhn tc. Ni cc kh nh th, Kh qu khng phi vy.[1] [1] C ngi ni, kh do mnh t to, hoc ni ngi khc to, hoc ni va t to, va do ngi khc to, hay ni khng do nguyn nhn no. Xt nh l qu,nh th khng ng. Kh qu khng phi vy, l v chng sanh do cc duyn a n s kh, ri nhn kh mun tm v tch dit. Nhng khng bit nhn duyn ch tht ca kh no, do c bn th sai lm th nn ni, Kh qu khng phi vy.

V sao? 145)Kh nu l t tc, Th chng t duyn sanh. Do v c m ny, M c m kia sanh. [2] Kh, nu t tc th khng t cc duyn sanh. T, l t ni t tnh pht sanh; iu ny khng ng. V sao? Nhn nm m trc m c nm m sau. Th nn, kh khng th t n to ra n. Hi: Nu ni nm m ny to ra nm m kia th n do ci khc to? p: iu y khng ng, V sao? 146)Nu ni nm m ny, Khc vi nm m kia. Nh th th nn ni, T ci khc to kh. [3] Nu nm m ny d bit nm m kia, v nm m kia d bit nm m ny, th mi c th kh t ci khc to. Nh ch si v vi khc nhau th s la ch m c vi. Nu la ch, khng c vi, th vi khng khc vi ch. Cng th, nm m kia khc vi nm m ny, th th c th la nm m ny c nm m kia. Nu la nm m ny m khng c nm m kia; th th, nm m ny khng khc nm m kia. Th nn khng th ni kh t ci khc to. Hi: T tc ngha l mi con ngi t to ci kh cho mnh v t mnh th kh. p: 147)Nu ngi t to kh; La kh u c ngi,

M ni do ngi kia, C th t to kh. [4] Nu ni con ngi t to kh, th la ci kh ca nm m ra, u c con ngi ring bit c th t to kh? Phi ni rng, chnh con ngi , cn khng th ni. Th nn, kh khng phi con ngi t to. Nu ni con ngi khng t to kh, nhng ngi khc to kh ri mang n cho ngi ny, cng khng ng. V sao? 148)Nu kh ngi khc to, Ri mang cho ngi ny. Nhng nu la ci kh, u c ngi ny th. [5] Nu ngi khc to kh ri mang n cho ngi ny; th la nm m, khng c con ngi th ny. Li na: 149)Nu kh ngi kia to, Mang n cho ngi ny. La kh no c ngi, M trao cho ngi ny? [6] Nu bo ngi kia to kh ri trao cho ngi n th la s kh ca nm m ra u c con ngi kia to kh mang n cho con ngi ny. Nu c, th phi nu r tng trng ca n. Li na: 150)Kh t to khng thnh, Lm sao kia to kh. Nu ngi kia to kh,

Tc cng gi t to. [7] Bng mi nhn duyn xt, th con ngi kia t to kh bt thnh, m ni rng do ngi khc to kh, cng khng ng. Ti sao? V y v kia i i nhau. Nu ngi kia to kh th i vi ngi kia, cng gi t to kh. T to cc kh, trc ph. V ch trng t to kh ca ng khng thnh, cho nn ngi khc to cng khng thnh. Li na: 151)Kh khng gi t to; Php khng t to php. Ci khc khng t th, Sao c kia to kh. [8] T to kh, khng ng. V sao? Nh con dao khng th t ct n. Cng th, php khng th t to ra php. Th nn, khng th t to. Ngi khc to cng khng ng. V sao? Ngoi kh, khng c t tnh ca ngi kia. Nu la kh c t tnh ca ngi kia, th mi c th ni con ngi kia to kh. Nhng con ngi kia cng chnh l kh, lm sao kh t to kh? Hi: Nu t to; tha to u khng ng. vy c th c chung cng nhau to? p: 152)Kh kia, y nu thnh, Mi c chung to kh. y, kia cn khng to, Hung l v nhn to. [9] T to, tha to cn c li hung l v nhn to. Nhn to c nhiu li, nh ph trong chng "Tc v Tc gi". Li na:

153)Khng nhng ni ci kh, Bn trng hp bt thnh. Mi vn vt ngoi gii, Bn trng hp cng khng. [10] Trong Pht Php tuy ni nm th m l kh, v c ngoi o ni, kh th l kh, th nn ni chng nhng ni i vi kh, bn trng hp u khng thnh; m vn vt bn ngoi nh t, nc, ni, cy v.v.. tt c php u khng thnh.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1] Qun cc php kh do t u c, n do t mnh lm nn kh, hay s ngi khc, hoc do bn ngoi to kh. Kh khng th t n to ra kh, v nh th thnh v nhn, khng nhn kh thnh qu kh, cng bt thnh. Nu cho rng v c thn ng m ny nn c kh. Nh vy thn ng m to ra kh, hay do to kh m c thn ng m. Thn ng m ny v thn ng m khc, trc sau nh th no? L ng hay khc? y cng ging nh cc chng trc, bi bc ng, d, t tc, tha tc v.v

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CHNG XIII: QUN HNH


Hi: 154)Nh kinh Pht c ni, Php b cp[1] l di. Cc hnh b cp ot, Cho nn l h di. [1]

Trong kinh Pht c ni: Php b (v thng) cp ot, l h di. Php chn tht nht c gi l Nit-bn, khng phi l php b (v thng) cp ot. V kinh c ni nh vy, cho nn bit rng c cc hnh, vn l php h di, v b v thng cp ot. p: 155)H di, b cp ot; Ci g b cp ot? Pht dy vic nh th, Mun ch by ngha khng. [2] Nu php b cp ot l h di, th trong cc hnh y ci g b cp ot? Pht ni iu nn bit, l ni v tnh Khng. Hi: Lm th no bit tt c cc hnh u l tnh khng. p: V tt c cc hnh c tnh cht h i, cho nn khng. Cc hnh sanh dit khng dng ngh, khng t tnh nn khng. Cc hnh l nm m. T hnh sanh ra, nn nm m c gi l hnh. Nm m u h di, khng c tng quyt nh. V sao? Nh sc ca c b khi l hi nhi khng phi nh sc a b lc bit b; sc a b lc bit b chng phi nh sc a tr khi bit i; sc ca a tr lc bit i khng phi nh sc ca tr thiu nin; sc tng ca tr khi thiu nin khng phi nh sc lc trng nin; sc tng ca ngi lc trng nin khng phi nh sc tng ca ngi gi nua. Nh th sc tng st na khng nh tr, do khi phn tch, khng th tm thy tnh cht quyt nh. Sc ca a hi nhi chnh l sc ca a b bit b, cho n sc lo nin, hay l khc? C hai u c li. V sao? Nu sc ca hi nhi tc l sc bit b cho n sc lo nin, nh th ch c mt sc u l hi nhi, khng c sc khi bit b cho n lo nin. Li nh t st ch l t st th khng bao gi thnh ci bnh. Ti sao? V sc lun lun c nh. Nu sc khi hi nhi khc vi sc khi bit b th hi nhi khng th tr thnh b bit b, bit b khng th lm nn hi nhi. Ti sao? V hai sc khc nhau. Nh th sc ca ng t thiu nin, trng nin cho n lo nin, khng th tng tc, s sai lm ch mt php thn thuc; Khng cha, khng con. Nu th ch c hi nhi mi c cha, ngoi ra, t bit b cho n gi u khng th c phn. Th nn c hai u c li.

Hi: Sc tuy khng quyt nh, nhng sc ca hi nhi dit ri tng tc ti sanh khi; cho n ti sanh khi sc khi lo nin; nh vy khng c li nh trn. p: Sc ca hi nhi nu tng tc sanh khi; l hy dit ri tng tc sanh, hay l khng dit m tng tc sanh? Nu sc hi nhi hy dit, lm th no c tng tc? Bi v khng nhn. V nh, tuy c ci b t nhng la dit nn khng c tng tc. Nu m hi nhi khng hy dit m tng tc th sc hi nhi khng dit l thng tr bn tng cng khng tng tc. Hi: y ti khng ni do hy dit hay khng hy dit m tng tc pht sanh; ti ch ni n khng nh tr, m sanh khi theo tnh cht tng t cho nn n tng tc sanh khi. p: Nu ng ni th y th c sc xc nh ri li pht sanh na, nh th s c ngha l c mun vn th sc sanh ra, song iu y khng ng. Th l cng khng c tng tc. Nh th, trong tt c mi trng hp, tm k cc sc, khng c tng quyt nh; ch v do ngn ng th tc m c thi. Nh ni cy chui, tm li tht khng th c, ch c b l. Nh th, ngi tr suy nghim v sc tng, mi nim mi nim hoi dit, khng c tht sc no c th c c. Sc hnh sc tng khng nh tr, tng t tip ni pht sanh; kh c th phn bit. Nh ni nh la, phn bit sc quyt nh ca n chng th c. Th nn, sc do khng c t tnh, nn khng, ch do ngn ng th tc m ni c. Th v.v.. cng nh th. Ngi tr qun st bng mi cch, thy rng v n tip ni tng t nn sanh v dit; kh c th phn bit m bit. Nh dng nc tng tc chy. Ch do s gic tri m ni c ba th th thn. Th nn, phi bit th cng c ni nh sc. Tng, do bi danh tng m pht sanh, nu la danh tng th khng sanh. Th nn Pht dy, Phn bit, bit danh t tng nn gi l tng. N khng phi quyt nh c trc. T cc duyn pht sanh nn khng c tnh quyt nh. V khng c nh tnh, nh bng theo hnh; nhn hnh c bng; khng hnh th khng bng. Bng khng c tnh c nh. Nu quyt nh c, th la hnh, nn c bng; m tht khng nh th. Th nn t cc duyn pht sanh v khng t tnh nn khng th hin hu. Tng cng nh th, ch nhn danh tng bn ngoi, do ngn ng th tc m c. Thc do bi sc, thanh, hng, v, xc; v mt, tai, mi, li, thn m pht sanh. V cc cn mt v.v.. ring bit, nn thc n c s ring bit. Thc y

mt hay l ni sc, hay l khong gia? Khng c quyt nh, ch c pht sanh ri mi nhn thc trn cnh, nhn thc ngi ny, nhn thc ngi kia. Ci nhn thc v ngi ny chnh l ci nhn thc vi ngi kia, hay hai ci khc nhau, c hai u kh c th phn bit. Nh ci no l thc con mt, ci no l thc l tai cng kh phn bit. Do v kh phn bit, nn d c mt, hay ni khc u khng c s phn bit quyt nh. V n t cc duyn m pht sanh. Mt v.v.. do phn bit nn khng c t tnh. Nh con ht ngm ht chu, sau khi nh ra, ri li cho ngi khc thy, ngi ta s nghi ng, c phi l ht chu c khng, hay l ht khc? Thc cng nh th. Sanh ri li sanh; thc y vn l ci thc gc hay l ci thc no khc? Th nn bit, thc khng nh tr nn khng c t tnh, h di nh huyn. Cc hnh cng nh th. Cc hnh l thn, khu, . Hnh c hai th; tnh v bt tnh. Nhng g l bt tnh? Nhng s tham trc gy tn hi cho chng sanh gi l bt tnh. Lm cc vic g chng no hi chng sanh; ni li chn tht, khng tham trc v.v.. gi l tnh. Hnh c tng, c gim; Hnh thun tnh s sanh trong ci ngi v cc ci tri, Dc, Sc, V sc; th qu bo ri th gim, li to na gi l tng. Hnh bt tnh cng nh th. trong a ngc, ng qy, sc sanh, A tu la th qu bo ri th gim; tr li to nn gi l tng. Th nn, cc hnh vi c tng c gim, do khng dng tr. Nh ngi c bnh, ty trng hp cha tr thch hp th bnh c lnh, nu khng thch hp, bnh s tr li. Cc hnh cng nh th, c tng c gim nn khng c nh; ch do ngn thuyt ca th tc m c. Nhn th tc m thy c nht ngha . l, duyn v minh c cc hnh, t cc hnh m c thc kt sanh, do thc kt sanh nn c danh sc, t danh sc c su nhp, t su nhp c xc, t xc c th, t th c i, t i c th, t th c hu, t hu c sanh, t sanh c lo t, u bi kh no, n i bit ly kh, on tng hi kh v.v. Nh th cc kh u do hnh lm gc. c Th Tn theo th tc m ni. Nu chng c nht ngha , pht sanh tr hu chn tht, th dt c v minh. V minh dt, cc hnh cng khng tp khi. Cc hnh khng tp khi th cc phin no b an tr kin o nh thn kin, nghi, gii cm th v.v.. cng b on tr, v cc phin no b on tr bi t duy (tu o) nh tham, nhu, sc i, v sc i, v minh cng on. Do s on tr nh vy m tng phn mt b hy dit. Tc l v minh, cc hnh, thc, danh sc, su nhp, xc, th, i, th, hu, sanh, lo t, u bi kh no, n i bit ly, on tng hi kh v.v. u dit. Do s dit tr nh vy m thn nm m hon ton b dit khng cn na, duy ch c tnh khng. Th nn, c Pht v mun ch by ngha khng, nn Ngi ni cc hnh l h di.

Li na, v cc php khng t tnh nn h vng, v h vng nn khng. Nh bi tng ni: 156)Cc php v d bit, Nn bit khng t tnh. Php khng tnh cng khng, V tt c Php khng.[2] [3] Cc php khng c tnh. V sao? Cc php tuy sanh khi, nhng khng tr t tnh, th nn Khng tnh. Nh a hi nhi nu quyt nh thng tr t tnh s khng bao gi tr nn a b bit b cho n lo nin. Nhng a hi nhi theo s tng tc tip ni c xut hin tng d bit t bit b cho n lo nin. Th nn ni, v thy tng d bit ca cc php nn bit khng t tnh. Hi: Nu cc php do tng d bit nn khng c t tnh; vy th c php vn v tnh, iu y c li g? p: Nu khng t tnh lm th no c php? Lm g c tng. V sao? V khng ci gc, m ch do ph tnh nn ni khng c tnh. Php v tnh nu c th khng ni rng tt c php u khng, nu tt c php u khng, lm th no c php v tnh? Hi: 157)Cc php nu v tnh, Lm sao ni hi nhi. Cho n lc lo nin, C rt nhiu d bit? [4] Cc php nu khng t tnh th khng c tng d bit; m ng ni c tng d bit nn mi c tnh ca cc php. Nu khng c t tnh ca cc php lm sao c tng d bit? p:

158)Nu cc php c tnh, Lm sao c d bit? Nu cc php v tnh, Lm sao c d bit? [5] Nu cc Php quyt nh c tnh, lm th no c th c tnh d bit? tnh ngha l hin hu c nh, khng th bin i. Nh vng rng chng th bin i. Li nh tnh ti khng th bin i thnh sng, tnh sng chng th bin thnh ti. Li na: 159)Php ny khng d bit, Php khc cng khng d. Nh tr khng thnh gia, Gi cng chng thnh tr. [6] Nu php c d bit, tt phi c tng d bit. Vy chnh php y d bit, hay php khc d bit? C hai u khng ng. Nu chnh php y l d bit, th s gi mi tr thnh gi. Nhng tht ra s gi khng tr thnh gi. Nu php khc l d bit th gi v tr khc nhau mi c th tr tr thnh gi. Nhng tht ra, tr khng tr thnh gi. C hai u c li. Hi: Nu chnh Php y l d bit, c li g? Nh ngy nay mt thy, thiu nin tri qua bao nhiu ngy, thng, nm thnh gi. p: 160)Nu chnh php y d, cng Sa phi chnh l b. La sa c php g, C th tr thnh b. [7]

Nu chnh php y l d bit, th sa l ra phi l b, ch khng cn nhn duyn; iu y khng ng. V sao? V sa v b c nhiu s sai khc nhau, nn sa khng th chnh l b. Th nn, chnh php khng phi l d bit. Nu cho rng, php khc l d bit, cng khng ng. V la sa chng c vt g thnh ra b. Nh th suy ngh chnh php khng phi l d bit. Nu cho rng php khc l d bit, cng khng ng. Va la sa chng c vt g thnh ra b. Nh th suy ngh chnh php khng d bit, php khc cng khng d bit. Do , khng nn c s chp phin din. Hi: D bc b khng phi chnh ci hay ci khc, vn cn c tnh khng. Tnh khng chnh l php? p: 161)Nu c php bt khng, Th mi c php khng. Tht khng php bt khng, Lm sao c php khng? [8] Nu c php bt khng, do quan h nhau, c th c php khng. M t trc n nay dng mi cch ph php bt khng. Khng c php bt khng, th khng c s i i nhau; do khng c s i i nhau, lm th no c php khng? Hi: ng ni v php bt khng khng c nn php khng cng khng c. Nu th, chnh l ni v khng. Nhng v khng c s quan h i i, cho nn khng nn c chp trc. Nu c s tng i th phi c quan h i i. Nu khng c tng i, th khng quan h i i. Khng c quan h i i nn khng c tng, v khng c tng, nn khng c chp. Nh th chnh l ch trng c tnh khng. p: 162)i thnh ni php khng, V la kin chp. Nu li thy c khng,

Ch Pht kh ha . [9] c i Thnh v ph 62 th kin chp v cc phin no nh v minh, tham i v.v nn ni tnh khng. Nu ngi i vi tnh khng li pht sanh kin chp, ngi y khng th ha . Th nh, ngi c bnh cn ung thuc iu tr, nu thuc li thnh bnh th khng th iu tr. Nh la t ci pht xut, dng nc ti c th mt; nu n t nc pht sanh la th dng g dp tt? Nh tnh khng l nc, hay hy dit c cc la phin no. C ngi ti nng, tm tham lam chp trc su dy, tr tu cn ct, nn i vi tnh khng pht sanh kin chp, hoc ni, c tnh khng, hay ni khng c tnh khng. Nhn ni c, khng tr li sinh khi phin no. Nu dng khng m ha ngi ny, th h ni rng, Ti lu nay bit khng y. Nu la khng, chng c i Nit-bn. Nh kinh dy, La ba mn khng, v tng v v tc m c th gii thot, y ch l ni sung. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1] Hn: vng th tng, tng ca s chp th mt cch sai lm. Bn Phn ni: mowa-dharma: php h vng, cng c ngha php b cp ot. Lun Cu-x phm 1 tng 7 ni: cc php b v thng nut chng. [2] Qun hnh l qun tng cc hnh nghip h o v minh. Trong kinh c Pht thng din by, nhng th vng tng v cc th th chp m hoc. V Ngi cng ch by phng php cc hnh tu hnh ch qun, dp tr cc h vng th chp. Vic lm ca c Pht l ty theo phng tin, c duyn, khi ni c, khi ni khng. Ni c dp thnh kin chp khng; ni khng gt b quan nim th hu. S tht tt c u v tnh. V tnh nn khng c ci g gi l tht c th chp h vng. Nhng nu li chp c ci khng tnh, cng l ri vo h vng, m chp. ---o0o---

CHNG XIV: QUN HIP


Trong chng ph cn trn[1] ni: s thy, ci b thy, v ngi thy, u khng thnh. V ba iu ny khng c php d bit nn khng hip. Nay s ni ngha khng hip. p: 163)Thy, b thy, ngi thy,

C ba tng i mt. Ba d bit nh th, Khng khi no kt hip.[2] [1] Ci thy l con mt, ci b thy l sc trn, ngi thy l ng. B ba mi ci u ring mi ni khng khi no kt hip. ring bit mi ni ngha l mt th trong thn, sc th ngoi thn, ng hoc ni trong thn hoc ni tt c ch; th nn khng c s kt hip. Li na, nu ni c s kin thy l do kt hip m thy hay l khng do kt hip m thy? C hai u khng ng. V sao? Nu hip m thy, th bt c ch no c trn cnh u phi c cn v ng, song iu y khng ng th nn khng hip. Nu khng hip m thy th cn, ng v trn mi ci ring mi ni m vn c s thy; th m khng thy. V sao? Nh mt y, khng thy chic bnh cch xa. Th nn, c hai u khng thy. Hi: Ng, , cn, thn; do b t ny c hip nn pht sanh ci bit; c th nhn bit, ci bnh, ci o, vn vt. Th nn, c ci thy, ci b thy v ngi thy. p: iu y trong chng lc tnh ph. Nay s ni thm. ng ni, do bn s th y hip, nn ci bit pht sanh. Ci bit l do thy bnh, y v.v cc vt ri mi pht sanh; hay l cha thy m pht sanh? Nu thy ri mi pht sanh th ci bit v dng. Nu cha thy m pht sanh, tc l cha hip, lm th no c ci bit pht sanh? Nu ni bn s th mt lc hip th ci b bit pht sanh cng khng ng. Nu sanh mt lc th khng c quan h i i? V sao? Trc c bnh; k , thy; sau na, ci bit pht sanh. Cng mt thi th khng c trc sau. Ci bit khng c nn ci thy, ci b thy v ngi thy cng khng. Nh th cc php nh huyn nh mng, khng c tng quyt nh, lm th no m c hip; v khng hip nn khng. Li na: 164)Nhim vi ci b nhim, V ngi nhim cng th. Ngoi ra, nhp, phin no,

u cng nh th c. [2] Cng nh ci thy, ci b thy v ngi thy khng hip. Do , ci nhim, ci b nhim v ngi nhim cng khng hip. Cng nh ni v b ba, ci thy, ci b thy, ngi thy; ni v cc b ba khc thuc v cc nhp, nh ci nghe, ci b nghe, v ngi nghe cng vy. Cng nh ni v b ba, ci nhim, ci b nhim v ngi nhim; ni v cc b ba thuc cc phin no nh, sn, ngi sn v b sn v.v cng ging vy. Li na: 165)Php d mi c hip, Thy, vn vn, khng d. V tng d khng thnh, Thy, vn vn, sao hip. [3] Phm s vt g u do d bit m c hip. Nhng khng th tm thy tng d bit ca ci thy v.v; th nn khng hip. Li na: 166)Khng nhng, nhng ci thy. Tng d khng th c. M tt c cc php, u khng tng d bit. [4] Khng nhng tng d bit ca b ba gm ci thy, b thy, ngi thy v.v khng th c; m tt c cc php cng u khng c tng d bit. Hi: v c g khng c tng d bit? p: 167)Do d c d bit, D la d khng d.

Php no do nhn sanh, Php y khng khc nhn. [5] Ci m ng ni l d bit, ci d bit y do c s d bit khc m thnh ra d bit. La s th d bit ra khng th ni c d bit. V sao? Nu php t cc duyn pht sanh, php y khng d bit vi nhn ca n. V nhn hoi dit th qu cng hy dit. T nh, nhn ko, n tay v.v, c nh. Nh khng khc ko n tay; ko v n tay v.v.. hoi dit, nh cng theo hoi dit. Hi: Nu c s th d bit mt cch xc nh, th c li g? p: 168)Khng t d m d, Ci khc cng thnh d. Khng t d khng d, Th nn khng s d;2 [6] Nu la ci d bit xut x m c s d bit, th t bt c s d bit no cng c th c s d bit ny. Nhng s tht th la ci d bit lm xut x khng c s d bit, do khng c s d bit no khc. Cng nh la s d bit ca nm ngn tay m c s d bit ca nm tay, th s d bit ca nm tay c th c s d bit ca n ni cc vt khc nh ci lu chng hn. Nhng y, la s d bit ca nm ngn tay, khng c s d bit ca nm tay. Th nn s d bit ca nm tay khng c s kin d bit ni ci lu cc th. Hi: Trong kinh ca ti[3] ni, tng d bit khng t cc duyn pht sanh, nhng do phn bit vi tng ph qut m c tng d bit. Do bi tng d bit m c s th d bit. p: 169)Trong d khng tng d, Trong khng d cng khng. V khng c tng d,

Khng d bit y kia. [7] ng ni v phn bit vi tng ph qut nn c tng d bit; do bi tng d bit m c s th d bit. Nu vy, tng d bit t cc duyn pht sanh, nh th l chp nhn n l php do cc duyn; v la tng d bit s khng c s th d bit c. Tng d bit nhn php d bit m c, khng th n c m thnh. Nay trong php d bit cng c tng d bit. Trong php khng d bit cng khng tng d bit. V sao? Nu tng d bit trong php khng d bit th chng gi l php d bit. Nu c hai trng hp u khng tc khng c tng d bit, v tng d bit khng c, php ny v php kia cng khng. Li na, v php d bit khng c nn cng khng hip. 170)Php y khng t hip, Php khc cng chng hip. Ngi hip ci ang hip, V php hip u khng. [8] Chnh php ny khng kt hp vi t th ca php ny, v l mt; cng nh mt ngn tay khng th t hip. Php khc cng khng hip, v khc. S th khc thnh ri khng cn hip na. Nh th m suy ngh, php hip khng th c. Th nn ni, tc gi hip, ci ang hip, v s kin hip u khng th hin hu. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1] Tc chng V Qun lc tnh. [2] Qun hip ngha l qun cc php ha hip nhau, hay khng ha hip nhau. Trong cu 179, Long Th B tt a ra mt t d: S thy (kin), vt b thy (kh kin) v ngi thy (kin gi) ba th v tr khc nhau, lm th no m ha hip c. Mt th ti thn, sc trn ngoi thn, ngi thy (bn ng) th trong thn hoc khp cc ch. V tr tr x khc nhau khng th hip li c. 2 Cu 181 ni tng s nh d php, ngha l php tng khc nhau, chnh n c th hip. Nh vy khi thy cng nh lc nghe, lc nm, khng khc nhau. S tht th thy, nghe v nm c khc nhau nn d tng hip khng

thnh. Khc hay khng khc, khc khc hay khng khc khc, ngoi nhng th ny khng c g gi l khc. Do phn bit m c khc hay khng khc, hip hay khng hip. Nu bit rng cc php l duyn sanh. C nh mt bn mt th u l sai lm thin kin; ngi hip, php hip, lc hip l huyn ha. Tt c u khng. Hp tan l l ng nhin ca lut sanh dit.. [3] Ct Tng, Trung qun lun s 7: y l ch trng ca Thnh tht lun. TS ---o0o---

CHNG XV: QUN HU V[1]


Hi: Cc Php thy u c t tnh v c lc dng. Nh chic bnh c t tnh ca bnh, vi cng c t tnh ca vi. Khi no cc duyn ha hip, tnh y xut hin phi khng? p: 171)Trong cc duyn c tnh, iu y th khng ng. Tnh xut hin t duyn, Phi l php to tc.[2] [1] Nu cc php c t tnh, khng th xut hin t cc duyn. V sao? Nu xut hin t cc duyn th l php to tc, khng c t tnh c nh. Hi: Nu t tnh ca cc php c tc thnh t cc duyn, th sai lm ch no? p: 172)Nu tnh do to tc, Lm sao c ngha ny. Tnh khng do to tc,

Khng l thuc php khc. [2] Nh vng ln ln ng th chng phi vng rng. Cng th, nu c t tnh th khng cn n cc duyn. Nu t cc duyn m xut hin nn bit chng phi l tht tnh. Li na, tnh nu c nh th khng cn phi l thuc ci khc mi c th xut hin. Khng phi nh di v ngn, ci ny v ci kia. V chng khng c t tnh quyt nh, nn phi l thuc ci khc mi c. Hi: Cc php nu khng c t tnh, vy chng c th c tha tnh? p: 173)Php nu khng t tnh, Lm g c tha tnh. T tnh i tha tnh, Cng gi l tha tnh. [3] V do cc duyn to ra, v cng v do i i m thnh cho nn cc php vn khng c t tnh. Nu th, tha tnh i vi tha tnh cng l t tnh, bi t cc duyn m sinh. Do nng nhau nn cng l khng, khng lm th no ni cc php t tha tnh pht sanh v tha tnh cng l t tnh. Hi: Nu la t tnh v tha tnh m c cc php th c li g? p: 174)La t tnh, tha tnh, Lm sao c cc php. Nu c t, tha tnh, Cc php mi c thnh. [4] ng ni la t tnh v tha tnh m c cc php; iu ny khng ng. Nu la t, tha tnh, khng c cc php. V sao? C t tnh, tha tnh th php mi c th tu thnh. Th d nh chic bnh l t tnh th y phc cc th l tha tnh.

Hi: Nu ly t tnh, tha tnh ph ci c th y c th c ci khng? p: 175)Hu nn khng thnh tu, V lm sao c thnh. V nhn c php hu, Hu hoi gi l v. [5] Nu ng chp nhn ci hu khng thnh, th cng nn chp nhn ci v cng khng. V sao? Php hu b hoi dit, nn gi l v. V, ngha l ci hu b hoi dit m thnh v. 176)Nu ngi chp hu v, Chp t tnh, tha tnh; Nh th tt khng thy, Ngha chn tht Pht php. [6] Nu ngi m chp cc php, tt tm cu ci kin chp v hu. Nu ph t tnh th c kin chp v tha tnh. Nu ph tha tnh th c kin chp hu. Ph hu li kin chp v. Nu ph v th m hoc! Nu hng li cn t tm chp trc, bit rng hy dit nhng kin chp, tt c an n, s khng cn sanh khi bn th h lun: c, khng, chng phi c, chng phi khng; cng c, cng khng; ngi y, quyt nh thy ngha chn tht ca Pht Php. Th nn ni bi tng trn. Li na: 177)Pht hay dit hu v, Nh c ni trong kinh Gio gii Ca-chin-din, La Hu cng la v. [7]

Trong kinh San- Ca-chin-din, c Th Tn ging cho Ca-chin- din v ngha chnh kin, la c, khng. Nu trong cc php c mt cht g l thc hu; c Pht khng bao gi c th hy ph c khng. Nu ph c th ngi ta cho l khng. Pht thng t tng ca ch php nn ni c hai u khng. Th nn ng phi b kin chp c khng. Li na: 178)Nu php tht c tnh, Sau khng th bin d. Tnh nu c tng d, iu y khng h ng. [8] Nu cc php u quyt nh c tnh th khng bao gi c th bin d. V sao? Nu quyt nh c t tnh, khng th c tng d bit nh v d vng tht trn. V nay hin thy cc php tng d bit, nn bit khng c tng c nh. Li na: 179)Nu php tht c tnh, Sao c th bin d? Php nu tht khng tnh, Sao c th bin d? [9] Nu php quyt nh c tnh, lm th no c th bin i? Nu khng t tnh, chng c t th, lm sao c th bin i? Li na: 180)Tht c l chp thng, Tht khng l chp on. Th nn ngi c tr,

Chng nn chp c khng. [10] Nu php quyt nh c tng hu th khng bao gi c tng v; y tc l thng. V sao? Nh ni ba i. Trong i v lai c tng ca php; php y i n hin ti ri chuyn sang qu kh m khng mt bn tng ca n, tc l thng. Li ni, trong nhn trc c qu; cng l thng. Nu ni quyt nh c ci v; ci v y, tt trc c nay khng, th l on dit; on dit l khng c s tng tc. Do v hai kin chp m xa la Pht Php. Hi: V sao nhn chp c m sanh thng kin; nhn chp khng pht sanh on kin? p: 181)Nu php c nh tnh, Phi v tc l tng. Trc c m nay khng. y tc l on dit. [11] Nu php tnh quyt nh c; th l tng c ch khng phi l tng khng, v khng bao gi c th tr thnh khng. Nu khng, th khng phi l c, tc l php v. trn ni n s sai lm ny. Theo , n s ri vo thng kin. Nu php trc c, hoi dit m thnh khng th gi l on dit. Ti sao? V ci c chng th l ci khng. V ng ni c v khng u c tng c nh. Nu c kin chp on, thng th khng c ti, phc v.v.. l hy ph s thc th gian, th nn phi x. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1] chng theo bn Phn hin ti l Svabhva-parkw, ph phn khi nim svabhva, thng dch l t th, hay t tnh. y l mt trong cc t kha ca Trung lun. T ny cng ng tc vi cc t hu (bhava), khng (abhava), th (bhva), v th (abhva), l nhng t phi xut ca ng t cn BH: l, hay tr thnh; v thng thng cng dch l hin hu hay tn ti. Do , lm r ngha hu (bhava) v v (abhava) cng l lm r ngha svabhva. l lun im chnh ca chng ny. TS

[2] Qun hu v l qun tt c cc php hu vi, v vi, cc t tnh hay khng t tnh. Cc php nu tht c t tnh ring bit th n khng b thay i bin dch. Cn nu n khng t tnh, th tha tnh cng khng. Ngoi tha tnh v t tnh tm khng thy c tnh no khc. Chp cc php c nh tnh th mc phi li chp thng (thng kin). Chp cc php khng c nh tnh th b li chp on (on kin). Ngi c tr tu sng sut, khng nn chp thng, on, hu, v v.v khng mt php no c tnh quyt nh, v tt c u do nhn duyn ha hip, hnh thnh lun lun thay i, khng php tng no nht nh mi mi ---o0o---

CHNG XVI: QUN PHC GII


Hi: Sanh t chng phi hon ton khng cn bn; trong y nn c chng sanh lun chuyn. Nu cc hnh c lun chuyn, th v nhn duyn g ng ni chng sanh v cc hnh u khng, khng c lun chuyn? p: 182)Nu cc hnh lun chuyn; Thng, khng th lun chuyn. V thng, cng khng th. Chng sanh cng nh th.[1] [1] Cc hnh lun chuyn trong sanh t lc o, chng lun chuyn nh l thng hay v thng? C hai u khng ng. Nu chng lun chuyn nh l thng s khng c dng tng tc ca sanh t, v c nh, v vnh vin an tr vi t tnh. Nu chng lun chuyn nh l v thng, li cng khng c dng tng tc ca sanh t lun chuyn, v khng c nh v v khng c t tnh. Nu cho rng chng sanh c lun chuyn cng c li nh th. Li na: 183)Nu chng sanh lun chuyn, Trong cc un, x, gii;

Nm th tm u khng, Ci g s lun chuyn? [2] Sanh t, un, x, v gii u cng mt ngha. Nu chng sanh lun chuyn trong un, x v gii ny, th chng sanh khng th c tm thy di nm trng hp nh trong phm Nhin kh nhin. Vy ai s l ngi lun chuyn trong un, x v gii y? Li na: 184)Chuyn t thn n thn, Nh vy l khng thn. Nu nh khng c thn, Th chng c lun chuyn. [3] Nu ni chng sanh lun chuyn, vy n lun chuyn nh l c thn hay l khng thn? C hai khng ng. V sao? Nu n lun chuyn nh l c thn, th phi t mt thn ny n mt thn khc; nh th n lun chuyn m khng c thn. Li nu trc c thn, th khng th t thn ny n thn kia. Nu trc khng thn, th n khng c. N khng c, lm th no c th lun chuyn sanh t? Hi: Kinh ni c Nit-bn, l s dit tn tt c kh. l s dit tn cc hnh? Hay s dit tn chng sanh? p: C hai u khng ng. V sao? 185)Ni cc hnh dit tn, iu u khng ng. Ni chng sanh dit tn, iu y cng khng ng. [4] ng Hi, Hoc cc hnh dit tn hay chng sanh dit tn? iu y trc p. Cc hnh khng c t tnh, chng sanh cng khng t tnh. Kho st

di mi trng hp, vn khng th thy c s lun chuyn sanh t. Th nn cc hnh khng dit tn, chng sanh cng khng dit tn. Hi: N th, khng c tri buc v gii thot, v khng th nm bt c cn bn? p: 186)Cc hnh l tng sanh dit, Khng buc cng chng m. Chng sanh nh trc ni, Khng buc cng chng m. [5] ng ni cc hnh v chng sanh c tri buc v ci m, khng ng. V cc hnh nim nim sanh dit nn khng th c buc hay m. Chng sanh, nh trc ni, khng th tm thy di nm trng hp. Lm th no c tri buc v gii thot? Li na: 187)Nu thn gi l buc, C thn th khng buc. Khng thn cng khng tri, Ch no m c tri. [6] Hoc ni, thn nm m gi l tri. Nu chng sanh trc c nm m, th khng th tri buc. Ti sao? V mt ngi c hai thn. Khng thn cng khng th tri. Ti sao? Nu khng thn, khng c nm m. Khng nm m nn l khng. Lm th no c th b tri? Cng th, ci th ba cng khng th b tri. Li na: 188)B tri truc s tri, Mi tri ci b tri.

Trc tht khng s tri, Ngoi ra, nh Kh lai. [7] Nu ni ci b tri c trc s tri buc th mi c th tri ci b tri. Nhng tht s la b tri, trc khng c s tri. Th nn, khng th ni chng sanh c tri buc. Hoc ni chng sanh l ci b tri buc; nm m l s tri buc. Hay ni, trong nm m, cc phin no l s tri buc; nm m l ci b tri buc. iu y khng ng. V sao? Nu la nm m m trc c chng sanh th mi c th ly nm m tri chng sanh. Nhng tht s ngoi nm m khng ring c chng sanh. Nu la nm m ring c phin no th mi c th ly phin no tri buc nm m. V tht s la nm m chng ring c phin no. Li na, nh trong chng Kh lai ni, Ci i th khng i; ci cha i cng khng i; ang i cng khng i. Cng th, ci tri buc, th khng b tri buc; ci cha tri buc cng khng tri buc; ci ang buc cng chng tri buc. Li na, cng khng c s ci m. V sao? 189)Ci tri th khng ci; Khng tri cng khng ci. Nu ci khi ang tri; Tri ci cng mt thi. [8] Ci tri buc th khng c ci m. V sao? V tri. Ci khng tri buc cng khng m. Ti sao? V khng c tri. Nn ni, khi ang tri l c m; th th tri, m cng mt lc. iu y khng ng. V tri, m tri nhau. Hi: C ngi tu o, hin nhp Nit-bn, chng c gii thot. V sao ni khng? p: 190)Ta khng th cc php, Ta s nhp Nit-bn. Nhng ai ni nh vy, Li b tri bi th. [9]

Nu c ngi khi ln ngh, TA la cc th m c Nit-bn th chnh ngi y b tri buc bi th. Li na: 191)Khng la ni sanh t, M ring c Nit-bn. Ngha tht tng nh th, Ti sao khi phn bit? [10] Trong nht ngha ca tht tng cc php, khng ni la sanh t ring c Nit-bn. Nh kinh ni, Nit-bn tc sanh t, sanh t tc Nit-bn. Trong tht tng cc php nh th, lm th no ni, y l sanh t, y l Nitbn? -------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1] Phc l ni sanh t phin no tri buc. Gii l m, gii thot phin no sanh t. Phin no sanh t khng c t tnh. Khng nh tnh lm th no c th tri buc chng sanh trong ba ci sanh t lun hi. Khng c phin no tri buc th khng cn ci m. Khng gii kt, khng trin phc. Sanh t tc Nit-bn, phin no tc B . Tm Pht chng sanh khng ai khc. Trong chn l Nht Ngha , khng ni la sanh t, ring c Nit-bn. Nh kinh ni: Sanh t tc Nit-bn, phin no tc B . ---o0o---

CHNG XVII: QUN NGHIP


Hi: ng tuy dng mi cch ph cc php, nhng nghip quyt nh c, nn khin tt c chng sanh th qu bo. Nh kinh ni: Tt c chng sanh u ty nghip th sanh. Nh k lm nhng vic c a vo a ngc; ngi tu phc sanh thin ng, ngi hnh o c Nit-bn. Th nn, tt c php chng th khng. Nghip y l:

192)Ngi hay hng phc tm, Lm li ch chng sanh; y gi l t thin, Ht ging qu hai i.[1] [1] Con ngi c ba th c. V gy tn hi cho k khc m pht sanh hnh ng. Ngi thin, trc t dit nhng iu c. Th nn ni Hng phc tm mnh lm li ch ngi khc. Li ch ngi khc l lm vic b th tr gii v.v.. khng gy tn hi cho chng sanh. l lm li ch cho ngi, cng gi l t thin phc c, cng gi ht ging ca qu bo an lc i ny v i sau. Li na: 193)i Thnh ni hai nghip, T v t t sanh. Bit tng ca nghip y, Phn bit thnh nhiu loi. [2] c i Thnh ni tm tt rng nghip c hai th: 1) T nghip. 2) T t sanh[2]. Hai nghip ny n c ni y trong A-t-m. 194)Ci Pht ni l t, tc l nghip. c pht sanh t t, Tc l nghip, thn khu. [3] T, l tm s php; trong cc tm s php n c kh nng pht khi hnh ng, nn gi n l nghip. Nhn bi t tm s ny m pht xut nghip bn ngoi l thn v khu. Tuy l nhn cc tm v tm s php khc vn c hnh ng, nhng t l gc ca hnh ng. Do mi ni t l nghip. Nghip y nay s ni r tng trng ca n.

195)Thn nghip v khu nghip, Biu cng v biu nghip[3]. Nh th trong bn iu, Cng c thin, bt thin. [4] 196)T dng sanh phc c, Ti sanh cng nh th. V t l by php, Nu r tng cc nghip. [5] Khu nghip, bn nghip thuc khu. Thn nghip, l ba nghip thuc thn. By loi nghip ny c hai th sai bit, biu v v biu; khi ang hnh ng n c gi l biu nghip[4]; Sau khi hnh ng n vn tim tng lu chuyn nn gi l v biu nghip[5]. Hai th y c thin v bt thin. Bt thin l khng trnh xa vic c. Li c nhng phc c sanh ra t s th dng, nh ngi th ch b th cho ngi th th; nu ngi th y th dng th th ch c hai phc, mt l do chnh s b th ca mnh v hai l s th dng ca ngi kia. Nh ngi dng mi tn bn k khc, nu mi tn git cht ngi th c hai th ti, mt l do t chnh s bn ca mnh v hai l do t s cht ca ngi khc. Nu bn m khng cht, ch mc ti bn khng c ti git. Th nn trong bi tng ni: Ti v phc t th dng m pht sanh. Nh th gi l su th nghip. Th by l t nghip. By th ny chnh l tng trng sai bit ca nghip. Nghip y c qu bo i ny, i sau. Th nn quyt nh c nghip, v c qu bo; cho nn cc php chng th l khng. p: 197)Nghip tr n th bo, Nghip y tc l thng. Nu dit tc v thng, Lm sao sanh qu bo. [6]

Nghip, nu thng tr cho n khi th qu bo tc l thng; iu y khng ng. V sao? Nghip l hnh thi c sanh c dit, ngay trong mt nim n cn khng dng tr, hung l dn n qu bo. Nu ni nghip b hy dit, hy dit tc khng c, lm th no pht sanh qu bo? Hi: 198)Dng tng tc ca chi (v.v..) u sanh t ht ging; T y pht sanh qu. La ging khng tng tc. [7] 199)T ging c tng tc, T tng tc c qu. Trc ging, sau c qu, Khng on cng chng thng. [8] 200)Cng vy t s tm, Tng tc ca tm sanh. T m c qu, La tm khng tng tc. [9] 201)T tm c tng tc, T tng tc c qu. Trc nghip, sau c qu. Khng on cng khng thng. [10] Nh t ht la c mm, t mm c dng tng tc ca cnh l v.vT dng tng tc y pht sanh qu. La ht ging, khng c dng tng tc

pht sanh. Th nn t ht la c dng tng tc. T dng tng tc c qu. Trc ht c ht ging sau c qu, cho nn khng on cng chng thng. Cng nh v d v ht ging y, nghip qu cng nh th. Tm st na ti s pht khi ti v phc, cng nh ht ging la. Do bi tm y, m dng tng tc ca tm v tm s php ny pht sanh, cho n khi to qu bo. Nghip c trc, qu c sau nn khng on cng khng thng. Nu la nghip c qu bo th b li on thng. y, nhn duyn ca thin nghip l: 202)Hay thnh phc nghip y, Do mi bch nghip o. Nm dc lc hai i, Tc qu bo bch nghip. [11] Bch tc l thin, tnh. Nhng nhn duyn thnh tu phc c y pht sanh t mi bch nghip o. Mi bch nghip l, khng st sanh, khng trm cp, khng t dm, khng ni di, khng ni hai li, khng ni li c, khng ni li v ch, khng tt , khng sn gin v khng t kin. gi l thin, pht sanh t thn, khu, . Qu bo ca chng l c danh li i ny v i sau sanh vo ni tn qu trong ci nhn, thin. S b th, cung knh v.v tuy c nhiu loi phc c khc na, nhng tm tt li cng c bao gm trong mi thin nghip o. p: 203)Nu phn bit nh ng, Li kia th rt nhiu. Th nn ng ni ra, Ngha y tt khng ng. [12] Nu do nghip, qu bo tng tc, dng t d ht la ging, li rt nhiu; song trong y khng ni rng. ng ni d ht la ging, d y khng ng. V sao? Ht la ging c xc chm, c hnh tng nn c th thy l c tng tc. Ti suy ngh vic y cn cha nhn li ng, hung l tm v nghip vn khng xc chm, khng hnh tng, khng th thy, sanh dit

khng ngng, nhng mun ly iu cho l tng tc th khng ng. Li na, t ht la m c dng tng tc ca mm v.v..; y l hy dit ri tng tc hay l khng hy dit m tng tc? Nu ht ging dit ri tng tc, tt khng nhn. Nu ht la khng hoi dit m tng tc th t ht la ging thng pht sanh rt nhiu la. Nu th, mt ht la pht sanh tt c la y th gian, iu y chng phi. Th nn ni c s tng tc ca nghip v qu bo l iu khng ng. Hi: 204)Nay ti s li ni, Ngha thun nghip qu bo. Ch Pht, Bch-chi-pht, Hin thnh u khen ng. [13] Tc l ni: 205)Php khng mt[6] nh khon. Nghip nh l mn n. Tnh ny l v k, Phn bit c bn th. [14] 206)Kin cha on c, Ch t duy mi on. Do php khng mt y, Cc nghip c qu bo. [15] 207)Nu do kin on, M nghip n tng t [7]. Nh th phm sai lm,

L nghip b ph v. [16] 208)Tt c cc hnh nghip; Tng t, khng tng t. Mt ci mi th thn, By gi bo ring sanh. [17] 209)Hai th nghip nh th, i ny, th qu bo. Hoc ni th bo ri, M nghip vn tn ti. [18] 210)Hoc vt qu th dit, Hoc cht ri th dit. trong y phn bit, Hu lu v v lu. [19] Php khng mtging nh chng khon. Nghip ging nh s vay n. Php khng mt y h thuc dc gii, h thuc sc gii, h thuc v sc gii, hay khng l thuc sc gii no? Nu phn bit theo thin, bt thin v v k th n ch l v k. ngha v k ny c ni rng trong A-t-m. N khng b on tr kin o[8]. T mt Thnh qu ny tin ln mt Thnh qu khc, n b on tr bi tu o. Cho nn, do bi php khng mt m cc nghip i n qu. Nu n b on tr kin o, m nghip i n tng t[9], th phm sai lm l ph nghip. iu ny c ni r trong A-t-m. Li na, php khng mt c ngha l cc nghip tng t v khng tng t trong mt gii a khi ban u mi th thn by gi duy ch qu bo ring sanh. Ni thn hin ti, t nghip li pht sanh ra nghip, nghip y c hai th, ty nghip no nng th qu bo trc. Hoc c ngi ni nghip y vn tn ti sau khi th qu bo; do v nim nim khng dit. Ni rng, hoc vut[10] qu th dit, hay cht ri hy dit c ngha l n hy dit sau khi siu vit thnh qu nh Tu--hon v.v.. ni cc A-

la-hn v cc phm phu n hy dit sau khi cht. Ni rng, Trong y phn bit hu lu, v lu, ngha l i vi cc Hin Thnh nh Tu--hon v.v.. th cn phn bit hu lu, v lu. p: ngha y u khng la c li on, v thng. Th nn cng khng th chp nhn. Hi: Nu th khng c qu bo ca nghip sao? p: 211)Tuy khng cng khng on. Tuy c m khng thng. Qu ca nghip khng mt, y gi li Pht dy.[11] [20] ngha m lun ny ni l la c on, thng. Ti sao? V nghip rt ro khng; l tng tch dit; t tnh la c; th php g c th on? php no c th mt? Ch v nhn duyn in o m qua li trong sanh t, cng khng phi l thng. V sao? Nu php t in o pht khi tc l h vng khng tht; khng tht nn khng thng. Li na, v tham m in o, chng bit tht tng, cho nn ni Nghip khng mt. y l li Pht dy. Li na: 212)Cc nghip vn khng sanh, V khng tnh c nh. Cc nghip cng khng dit, V chng chng sanh vy. [21] 213)Nu nghip c t tnh, y tc gi l thng; Khng to cng gi nghip,

Thng th khng th to. [22] 214)Nu c nghip khng to, Chng to m c ti. Khng lm mt phm hnh, M c li bt tnh? [23] 215)Th th ph tt c, Php ngn ng th gian. To ti v lm phc, Cng chng c sai bit. [24] 216)Nu ni nghip quyt nh, M c tnh c nh. Th ni qu bo ri, M th li na sao? [25] 217)Nu cc nghip th gian, T phin no pht xut, Phin no y khng tht, Nghip l no c tht. [26] Trong nht ngha, cc nghip khng sanh. Ti sao? V khng tnh, cho nn khng sanh. Do nhn duyn, nn chng dit. Khng phi do thng m khng dit. Nu chng phi th, th nghip tnh mi quyt nh c. Nu nghip quyt nh c, tc l thng. Thng th khng to nghip. V sao? Php thng khng c to tc. Li na, Nu c nghip do khng to, th ngi kia to ti, ngi ny chu qu bo. Li ngi khc on phm hnh m ngi ny c ti, th ph php

th tc. Nu nghip trc c th ma ng khng th ngh vic ma xun; ma xun khng th ngh vic ma h; c nhng li nh th. Li na, ngi lm phc v k to ti s chng c sai bit. Khi nghip b th, tr gii v.v gi l phc; khi nghip st sanh, trm cp v.v.. gi l to ti. Nu khng to m c nghip th chng phn bit! Li na, nghip nu quyt nh c tnh, th mt lc th qu bo ri li nn th na. Th nn, ng ni do php khng mt nn c nghip bo c nh, c nhng li nh th. Li na, nu nghip t phin no khi; phin no chng quyt nh, ch t nh tng phn bit m c. Nu cc phin no khng tht, nghip lm th no c tht? Ti sao? V nhn khng t tnh, nghip cng khng t tnh. Hi: Nu cc phin no v nghip khng t tnh, khng tht. Nhng nay thn qu bo hin c, nn phi tht? p: 218)Cc phin no v nghip, L nhn duyn ca thn. Phin no cc nghip khng, Hung l c cc thn. [27] Cc bc Hin Thnh ni, phin no v nghip l nhn duyn ca thn. Trong y tham i c kh nng lm ti nhun s sanh; nghip c kh nng a n qu bo tt, xu, sang, hn v.v.. vi mc thng, trung v h. Nay bng mi cch xt nghim m khng thy c tnh quyt nh ca cc phin no v nghip, hung l c qu bo quyt nh ca cc thn. Ti sao? V qu bo ty nhn duyn. Hi: ng tuy dng mi cch, ph nghip v qu bo. Nhng trong kinh ni c ngi to nghip. V c ngi to nghip, nn c nghip c qu bo. Nh ni: 219)B v minh che lp,

B i kt rng buc. Nhng tc gi, th gi; Khng khc cng khng mt. [28] Trong kinh V th ni chng sanh b v minh che lp, do i kt rng buc, qua li trong sanh t t v th, th nhng kh vui. Ngi i nay th i vi ngi to i trc, khng phi mt cng chng phi khc. Nu mt th ngi to ti chu hnh tru, tc ngi khng lm tru, tru khng lm ngi. Nu khc th mt qu bo ca nghip, ri vo v nhn. V nhn l on dit. Th nn ngi th i vi ngi to trc, khng phi mt cng chng phi khc. p: 220)Nghip khng t duyn sanh, Chng t phi duyn sanh. Th nn khng tht c, Ngi hay khi nghip y. [29] 221)Khng nghip, khng ngi to, Qu no do nghip sanh. Nu kia khng c qu, Sao c ngi th qu. [30] Nu khng nghip, khng c ngi to nghip, lm th no c qu sanh ra t nghip? Nu khng c qu bo lm sao c ngi th qu bo? Nghip c ba th. Con ngi gi danh trong nm m gi l tc gi. Nghip y hoc sanh t ch no thin, c, gi l qu bo. Nu ngi to nghip cn khng hung l c nghip c qu bo v c ngi th qu bo. Hi: ng tuy dng mi cch ph nghip, qu bo v ngi to nghip, nhng nay hin thy chng sanh to nghip, th qu bo, iu y th no? p:

222)Th Tn dng thn thng, Ha ra ngi bin ha. Ngi bin ha nh th, Li bin ha ngi na.[12] [31] 223)Nh ngi bin ha u, y gi l tc gi. Cc ngi ha to ra, y tc gi l nghip.[13] [32] 224)Cc phin no v nghip, Ngi to v qu bo. u nh huyn nh mng, Nh quang nng, m vang. [33] Nh sc thn thng ca Pht bin ha ra mt ngi huyn ha; ri ngi huyn ha y, li ha lm ngi ho khc nh th. Ngi bin ha s tht khng c, ch c th trng thy. Li ngi huyn ha y ha khu nghip ni php, thn nghip b th v.v.. Nghip tuy khng tht m mt c th thy. Vy nn thn sanh t, tc gi v nghip cng nn bit nh th. Cc phin no l ba c, phn bit thnh v lng phin no. C 98 s, 9 kt, 10 trin, 6 cu v.v.. Nghip l nghip thn, khu, , di nay, i sau; phn bit c thin, bt thin, v k. C nhng qu bo kh, lc, khng kh khng lc; nghip hin bo, nghip sanh bo v nghip hu bo. Nh th v.v.., v lng. Tc gi l ngi hay to khi cc nghip phin no. Ngi hay th qu bo l th gi.

Qu bo l t nghip thin, c pht sanh thn nm m v k. Cc nghip nh th u khng; khng t tnh, nh huyn, nh mng, nh m vang, nh qung nng. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1] C ngi hi rng: Cc php chp vng tng b cng kch, nhng cc nghip khng th khng c. Nh trong kinh ni: Tt c chng sinh u t nghip m sinh. K to c, a a ngc, ngi tu phc c sanh thin, ngi tu o c Nit-bn. Cho nn khng th ni khng c nghip. Long Th B Tt dn li Pht dy: Nghip c ba l t nghip, thn v khu nghip. T thn, khu, nghip to ra mi nghip c v mi nghip lnh. Tc gi l thp thin v thp c. Ngi hnh nghip lnh th hng qu an vui trong hin ti v tng lai. K to ra mi iu c th b qu bo kh s. Nghip cn chia hai th l hu lu v v lu. Ngi to phc nghip hu lu l hnh nghip ca Thnh nhn Siu Thng, dit tr nhng phin no vi t v minh, c sanh Nit-bn. [2] Cu x ni: t cp t s tc. [3] Nguyn bn Hn l tc nghip v v tc nghip. y dch theo ch ca lun Cu x. [4] Gi l biu, v n biu ra bn ngoi cho ngi khc c th nhn bit. [5] T khi thnh tu cn bn nghip o, cho n lc pht sanh kt qu, nghip c tn ti trong trng thi khng biu l ra ngoi cho nn ni l v biu. [6] Ct Tng, Trung qun lun s 8A, dn Lut minh liu nh thp lun, v ch trng ca Chnh lng b. B ny ni, khi mt nim c khi ln, hnh thnh hai loi nghip l ch c v bt tht. Ch c gm c ba tnh thin, c v v k. Bt tht duy ch v k. Vi nghip c to, nhng trong khi kt qu cha pht, sm hi m dit c; l ch c. Nghip bt tht th khng th sm hi m dit c. Ch khi no qu sanh, tc c bo ng, by gi ci bt tht mi mt. Nh t khon vay n. Ch khi no mn n c tr, t khon mi b hy. Bt tht, ting Phn l avipraza, khng b hy.

[7] Nguyn Hn: nghip ch tng t. Gii thch ca Thanh Bin, Bt nh ang lun 10, php khng mt, cng vi nghip i n i sau. Tc nghip chuyn n i sau, ri bin thi; lc by gii nghip ny c coi l dit, hay n c thanh ton. Nguyn ting Phn l sakrama, ngha l cng tin hnh, hay cng i. Gii thch ca Ct Tng: ch tc ch c (xem ch thch trn). V nghip ch c thng c ba tnh, nn khi kt qu pht sanh, qu ny cng mang tnh thin, c hay v k, d ni l tng t. [8] Giai on bt u thy Thnh , chng Tu--hon hng. Sau tip tc tu tp chng t Tu--hon qu cho n A-la-hn hng, gi l tu o. A-la-hn qu thuc v hc o. [9] Ch tng t, xem cc ch thch trn. [10] T qu thp vt ln qu cao. y gii thch s tn ti v bo ng ca nghip ni cc Thnh gi. [11] C ngi hi rng: Cc php chp vng tng b cng kch, nhng cc nghip khng th khng c. Nh trong kinh ni: Tt c chng sinh u t nghip m sinh. K to c, o a ngc, ngi tu phc c sanh thin, ngi tu o c Nit-bn. Cho nn, khng th ni khng c nghip. Long Th B Tt dn li Pht dy: Nghip c ba l t nghip, thn v khu nghip. T thn, khu, nghip to ra mui nghip c v mi nghip lnh. Tc gi l thp thin v thp c. Ngi thc hnh nghip lnh th hng qu an vui trong hin ti v tng lai. K to ra mui iu c th b qu bo kh s. Nghip cn chia hai th l hu lu v v lu. Ngi to phc nghip hu lu th c sanh ci nhn thin, hng phc bo. Ngi to nghip v lu l hnh nghip ca Thnh nhn Siu Thng, dit tr nhng phin no vi t, v minh, c sanh Nit-bn. [12] Bin hoc l cc phin no c on tr kin o tc giai on chng nghim bn Thnh v do y m chng Tu hon. T hoc l cc phin no c on tr Tu o tc giai on t duy v tu tp v do y m c bn qu ca Thanh vn l Tu Hon qu, T hm qu, A na hm qu v A la Hn qu. [13] B tt (v tng t) tr ht Trn sa hoc chng c thp a v khi no dit ht v minh hoc lin chng c v thng Pht qu. ng trn phng din tng i tc th chng ta thy c nghip nhn th bo v ngi to nghip chu qu. Trn phng din tuyt i, Chn ,

th nghip nhn qu bo cng nh ngi to tc, tt c u khng. N nh khi la, nh ting vang u gnh, hip ri tan. ---o0o---

CHNG XVIII: QUN PHP[1]


Hi: Nu cc php u rt ro tnh khng, khng sanh, khng dit, l tht tng ca cc php, th lm th no th nhp? p: Hy dit s m chp ng, ng s, chng c tt c php l khng; c tr tu v ng. gi l nhp. Hi: Lm th no bit cc php l v ng? p: 225)Nu ng l nm m, Ng y l sanh dit. Nu ng khc nm m, Tt khng tng nm m.[2] [1] Nu nh khng c ng, u th c ng s. Do dit ng, ng s, Gi c tr v ng. [2]

Nu c tr v ng, y gi l tht qun. Ngi c tr v ng, Ngi l hy hu. [3]

Trong ngoi ng, ng s, V dit ht khng cn; Cc th y cng dit, Th dit tc thn dit. [4] Nghip dit, phin no dit, Gi l gii thot. Nghip, phin no khng tht, Nhp khng, h lun dit. [5] Ch Pht hoc ni ng; Hay ni l v ng. Trong tht tng cc php, Khng ng, chng phi ng. [6] Tht tng cc php , Tm hnh ngn ng on; Khng sanh cng khng dit, Tch dit nh Nit-bn. [7] Tt c tht, phi tht, Va tht va phi tht, Khng va tht phi tht; y gi ch Pht php. [8] T bit khng do ai,

Tch dit, chng h lun. Khng khc, khng phn bit; tt gi tht tng. [9] Nu php t duyn sanh, Khng mt, khng khc nhn;. Th nn gi tht tng, Khng on cng khng thng. [10] Khng nht, cng khng d, Khng thng, cng khng on; y l v cam l, Gio ha ca Th Tn. [11] Nu Pht khng xut th, Pht php dit tn. Tr cc Bch-chi-Pht, T ni xa la sanh. [12] Nu c ai ch trng v thn ng, th c hai trng hp. Hoc nm m tc l thn ng. Hoc la nm m c thn ng. Nu nm m l thn ng, thn ng l tng sanh dit, nh trong bi tng ni, Nu ng l nm m, y l tng sanh dit. Ti sao? V sanh ri bi hoi. V l tng sanh dit, nm m l v thng. Nh nm m v thng, hai php sanh dit cng v thng. V sao? Sanh dit cng sanh ri bi hoi, nn v thng. Thn ng nu l nm m; v nm m v thng, thn cng sanh dit tng v thng. Song iu y khng ng. Nu nh la nm m c thn, thn ng chng c tng nm m. Nh trong bi tng ni, Nu thn ng khc nm m th khng phi tng nm m. V la nm m khng c php no na. Nu la nm m m c php; bng tng g, bng php g m c?

Nu ni rng thn ng nh h khng, la nm m m c, cng khng ng. V sao? Trong chng Ph lc chng hy ph h khng; khng c php g gi l h khng. Nu ni do c Tn nn c thn ng; iu y khng ng. Ti sao? Tn c bn th: 1) Vic hin c, ng tin. 2) Do loi suy nn tin: nh thy khi bit c la. 3) Th d c th tin: nh trong nc khng c ng, d ng nh vng. 4) Cc bc Hin Thnh ni ra ng tin; nh ni c a ngc, c thin ng, c ci Ut-n-vit. Khng c ngi thy, nhng tin li Thnh nhn m bit. Thn ng y khng c nhn bit trong tt c Tn. Trong vic hin ti cng khng; trong loi suy cng khng. Ti sao? Loi suy l v trc thy, sau so snh cng loi m bit. Nh ngi thy trc la c khi, sau ch thy khi bit c la. Ngha l thn ng khng phi th, ai c th trc thy thn ng cng nm m hip; sau thy nm m bit c thn? Nu ni c ba th loi suy: 1) Nh ci gc. 2) Nh ci cn li.3) L thy chung. Nh ci gc, ngha l trc thy la c khi, nay thy khi nh trc bit c la. Nh ci cn li, nh l thi la nu cm mt ht cm chn th bit bao nhiu ht cn li u chn. Thy chung, nh l mt trng thy ngi t y i n kia v kia cng thy s i ca n. Mt tri cng nh th, t phng ng xut hin n phng ty, tuy khng thy n i nhng v tnh cch i ca con ngi nn bit mt tri cng c i. Cng th, kh, vui, yu, ght, gic, tri v.v cng phi c ch ta. Nh thy nhn dn trong nc, bit h tt ta ni vua. iu y u khng ng. V sao? Trong s i do tng chung. Trc thy ngi cng s i phi hip m n phng khc; sau thy mt tri n phng khc nn bit c s i. Nhng khng c trc thy nm m cng thn ng hip, sau thy nm m bit c thn ng. Th nn trong loi suy bng tng chung cng khng thn ng. Trong li Thnh nhn ni cng khng thn ng. V sao? Thnh nhn ni ra l trc mt thy ri sau ni. Li cc bc Thnh nhn ni nhng iu khc u ng tin. Nn bit ni a ngc v.v.. cng ng tin. Nhng thn ng khng phi th, khng c trng hp trc thy thn ri sau ni. Th nn trong bn iu tin, ton thn ng khng th c. V tm thn ng chng th nn khng. Th nn ngoi nm m khng ring c thn ng. Li na, trong chng Ph lc cn, ph ci thy, ngi thy, ci b thy, thn ng cng ng ph. Li nh mt nhn thy nhng php th cn khng th nm bt c, hung l c tng v..v h di m c thn ng. Th nn bit khng c ng.

Nhn c ng nn c ng s. Nu khng ng, khng c ng s. Tu tp tm phn thnh o l nhn duyn hy dit ng v ng s, c tr tu quyt nh v v ng, v ng s. Li v ng, v ng s i trong nht ngha cng khng th nm bt c. Ngi c v ng, v ng s c th nhn thy cc php mt cch chn tht. Ngi phm phu do ng v ng s ngn che tu nhn, khng th thy s tht. Nay thnh nhn v v ng, v ng s nn cc phin no tiu dit. Cc phin no dit ht, cho nn c th thy tng tht cc php. V trong, ngoi, ng, ng s hy dit nn cc th cng dit. V cc th dit, v lng thn sau u dit, gi l V d Nit-bn. Hi: Hu d Nit-bn nh th no? p: V nhng phin no v nghip hy dit nn gi l tm c gii thot. Cc phin no, nghip u t c tng phn bit, u t h lun pht sanh. Chng c tht tng ca cc php rt ro khng; nhng h lun hy dit, th gi l Hu d Nit-bn. Tht tng cc php l nh th. Ch Pht dng Nht th tr qun cc loi chng sanh, ty nghi ging thuyt; c lc ni c ng, cng c khi ni v ng. Nu ngi tm cha thun thc, cha c phn Nit-bn, chng bit s ti li; v nhng ngi y ni c ng. Nu c ngi c o, nhn bit cc php l khng, ch gi danh c ng; v nhng ngi ni hu ng cng khng li. Li, c ngi b th, tr gii, phc c v.v.. Chn la kh no sanh t, s Nit-bn l vnh vin tch dit, th nn c Pht v nhng ngi y ni v ng. Cc php ch l nhn duyn ha hip; khi sanh, ch l ci khng sanh; lc dit ch l ci khng dit. Th nn ni v ng; ch gi danh ni c ng. Li, v ngi c o bit v ng, khng ri vo on dit, ni v ng khng li. Th nn, trong bi tng ni, Ch Pht ni c ng, cng c lc v ng. Nu trong ngha chn tht, khng ni ng hay phi ng. Hi: Nu v ng l tht, ch v th tc ni c ng c li g? p: Nhn ph hy php ng nn c v ng. Ng quyt nh khng th c, hung l v ng. Nu quyt nh c v ng, tt l on dit; s sanh s tham m. Nh trong kinh Bt-nh ni, Nhng v B-tt c ng cng chng phi l hnh Bt-nh; v ng cng chng phi hnh (Bt-nh). Hi: Nu khng ni ng, phi ng, khng, bt khng, th trong Pht Php ni ci g? p: c Pht ni v tht tng cc php. Trong tht tng khng ng ngn ng, dit cc tm hnh. Tm do duyn s chp th tng m sanh, v

nghip qu bo bao i trc nn c, khng th thy tht cc php, th nn ni tm hnh dit. Hi: Nu tm ca cc phm phu khng th thy chn tht, nhng tm thnh nhn l ra thy chn tht. Ti sao? V tt c tm hnh u dit. p: Tht tng cc php tc l Nit-bn; Nit-bn gi l dit. Dit l hng v Nit-bn nn cng gi dit. Nu tm y tht, cn g ba gii thot mn, Khng, v tng, v nguyn; v trong cc thin nh ti sao ly Dit tn nh lm bc nht? Li, cng chung qui v V d Nit-bn. Th nn phi bit, tt c tm hnh u h vng. V h vng nn phi hy dit. Tht tng cc php vt ra cc tm s php, khng sanh, khng dit, tng tch dit nh Nit-bn. Hi: Trong kinh ni: Cc php t trc n gi tng l tch dit; y chnh l Nit-bn; sao li ni nh Nit-bn? p: Bi v ngi chp trc cc php, phn bit php c hai th, y l th gian, kia l Nit-bn. Ni Nit-bn l tch dit, khng ni th gian tch dit. Trong lun y ni, tt c php l tnh khng, l tng tch dit. V ngi chp php, khng hiu r, nn ly Nit-bn lm t d. Nh ng ni, tng Nit-bn l khng, v tng, tch dit, khng h lun. Tt c php th gian cng nh th. Hi: Nu c Pht khng ni ng, v phi ng, cc tm hnh dit, ng ngn ng chm dt; lm th no mi ngi bit tht tng cc php? p: Ch Pht c v lng sc phng tin. i cc php khng c tng quyt nh, v chng sanh m hoc ni, tt c l tht; hoc ni tt c khng tht; hoc ni tt c va tht va khng tht; hay ni tt c khng phi va tht va khng tht. Tt c tht, l do xt k tht tnh cc php, thy u nhp vo nht ngha; bnh ng, nht tng, tc l v tng. Nh cc dng sng, tuy mu sc khc, v khc, nhng khi vo bin c ch c mt mu, mt v. Tt c khng tht, l khi cc php cha nhp tht tng, mi mi phn bit qun st u khng c tht, ch do cc duyn ha hp nn c. Tt c va tht va khng tht l chng sanh c ba hng, thng cn, trung cn v h cn. Hng thng cn, qun tng cc php, chng tht, chng

phi khng tht. Hng trung cn qun tng cc php, tt c tht hoc tt c khng tht. Hng h cn v tr lc cn ct, qun tng cc php,mt t tht v mt t khng tht. Qun Nit-bn l php v vi khng hoi dit nn tht; qun st sanh t l php hu vi h ngy nn khng tht. Khng va tht, va khng tht, l v ph hy ci va tht, va khng tht nn ni khng va tht, va khng tht. Hi: c Pht ch khc ni: La phi hu, phi v. Trong y sao li ni phi hu, phi v bo l li Pht dy? p: Nhng ch khc l v ph bn s tham m nn ni. Nhng trong y i vi bn c khng h lun, nghe Pht dy th c o; th nn ni, khng tht chng phi khng tht. Hi: Bit rng Pht ni bng nhn duyn t c; nhng do tng no c th bit s chng c tht tng ca cc php, v tht tng l g? p: Nu c th khng do ai khc l. Khng do ai khc y l, hoc ngoi o dng sc thn thng hin by ni th ny l o, th kia chng phi ; nhng t tin tm mnh ch khng theo k . Cho n bin ha thn, tuy khng[3] bit chng phi l Pht, nhng kho r tht tng, tm khng b chuyn theo h. Trong y khng c php ng th, ng x, gi l tng tch dit. V tng tch dit, khng b h lun bi s h lun. H lun c hai th: 1) i lun. 2) kin lun. Trong y khng c hai th h lun ny. V khng c hai th h lun th khng c c tng phn bit, khng c tng d bit; y gi l tht tng. Hi: Nu cc php u khng, h khng ri vo on dit ? Li, khng sanh khng dit, hoc s ri vo thng chang? p: Khng ng. Trc ni tht tng l khng h lun; tm tng tch dit, ng ngn ng chm dt. Nay ng tham m chp tng, i trong php chn tht m phm sai lm ca kin chp on, thng. Ngi chng c tht tng, ni cc php t cc duyn sanh, chng phi ng nht vi nhn cng khng phi l khc vi nhn, th nn khng on, khng thng. Nu qu khc vi nhn tc l on, nu qu khng khc nhn y l thng. Hi: Nu hiu r nh th c li ch g?

p: Nu ngi hnh o, m c th thu sut ngha nh th, th i tt c php, khng phi mt, chng phi khc, khng phi on, chng phi thng. Nu c th nh th, lin hy dit cc phin no h lun, c thng lc Nit-bn. Th nn ni, ch Pht dng v cam l gio ha. Nh ngi th gian ni, c nc cam l ca ch thin th khng c gi, bnh, cht v chng c cc suy no. Php tht tng ny ging nh v cam l. Pht dy tht tng c ba th. Nu chng c tht tng cc php, dit cc phin no gi l php Thanh vn. Nu sanh lng i t bi, pht tm v thng, gi l i tha. Nu Pht khng xut th, lc khng c Pht php, hng Bch-chi Pht nhn sng vin ly m pht sanh tr tu. Hoc Pht chng sanh ri nhp v d Nit-bn, Php Pht lu truyn b dit ht. Nu c ngi i trc l ng c o, ch do nhn duyn c thiu phn qun ym ly, nay mt mnh vo sn lm, xa la n no c o, gi l Bch-chi Pht. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1] Tiu chng trong bn Phn: tma-parkw, kho st v t ng, hay phm Qun ng. [2] Qun php l qun st ng php do u m c . Thn ta l do 5 m ha hip hnh thnh, nn n khng tht c. Ng v vt s hu ca ng cng l gi hu. Nhn thc nh th th khng b m nhim ng, php v c tr v ngi. c Th Tn ni tht tng chn Nh, khng phi thng, on, mt v khc. Chn l Pht nh nc cam l lm ti mt mun vt sng ng an vui, khng t b mt chng sanh no. Nhn thc cc php v thng v ng v.v.. theo kinh Pht ni c ba hnh: 1) Hng Thanh Vn, l do thnh php vn Kinh t php m Pht m gic ng. 2) B tt, l nhng v thc hnh B tt hnh ph i nguyn sanh m chng qu. 3) hng Bch Chi Pht (Duyn Gic) l do t qun tng cc php t nhn duyn sanh m pht sanh, d c Pht ti th hay khng, cc v Bch Chi Pht vn chng qu, do t mnh qun tng, khng m nhim cc php m c chng c o qu. [3] Bt tri phi Pht: trong cc bn ch gii, ch bt ny b b. ---o0o---

CHNG XIX: QUN THI


Hi: Nn c thi gian, v nhn i i nhau m tu thnh. Nhn c thi qu kh th c thi v lai v hin ti. Nhn thi hin ti c thi qu kh v lai. Nhn c thi v lai nn c thi qu kh, hin ti. Cc php thng, trung, h, ng nht, d bit v.v cng do bi tng i m tu thnh. p: Nu nhn thi qu kh, C v lai, hin ti. V lai v hin ti, Phi thuc thi qu kh.[1] [1] Nu nhn thi qu kh c v lai v hin ti th trong thi qu kh phi c v lai v hin ti. V sao? Php thnh tu do bt ngun t u th phi c php . Nh nhn ngn n, thnh c nh sng, ty ch no c n th c nh sng ch . Nh th, nhn thi qu kh m thnh thi v lai, hin ti; th trong thi qu kh nn c hin ti, v lai. Nu trong thi qu kh, c thi v lai, hin ti; th ba thi u gi l thi qu kh. Ti sao? V thi v lai, hin ti trong thi qu kh. Nu tt c thi u qu kh th khng c thi v lai v hin ti, v u l qu kh. Nu khng c hai thi v lai, hin ti th cng nn khng c thi qu kh. Ti sao? V nhn hai thi v lai hin ti nn gi thi qu kh. Cng nh nhn thi qu kh m thnh thi v lai v hin ti; cng nh th phi nhn thi v lai, hin ti m thnh thi qu kh. Nay khng c thi v li, hin ti nn thi qu kh cng phi l khng c. Th nn, trn ni nhn thi qu kh thnh thi v lai, hin ti; iu y khng ng. Nu trong thi qu kh khng c hai thi v lai, hin ti m nhn thi qu kh thnh thi v lai, hin ti cng khng ng. V sao? Nu trong thi qu kh, Khng v lai hin ti. Thi v lai hin ti, Lm sao nhn qu kh? [2]

Nu thi v lai, hin ti khng trong thi qu kh, lm th no nhn thi qu kh m thnh thi v lai, hin ti? V sao? Nu ba thi u c tng d bit, khng th tng i m thnh. Nh chic bnh, chic o v.v mun vt, mi ci t ring thnh khng nhn i i. Nhng nay khng nhn thi qu kh th thi v lai v hin ti khng thnh; khng nhn thi hin ti, thi qu kh, v lai cng khng thnh; khng nhn thi v lai, thi qu kh, hin ti cng khng thnh. Trc ng ni, trong thi qu kh, tuy khng thi v lai, hin ti m nhn thi qu kh c thnh thi v lai, hin ti iu y khng ng. Hi: Nu khng nhn thi qu kh, thnh thi v lai v hin ti, c li g? p: Khng nhn thi qu kh, Th khng thi v lai. Cng khng thi hin ti, Th nn khng hai thi. [3] Khng nhn thi qu kh, chng tu thnh hai thi v lai, hin ti. V sao? Nu khng nhn thi qu kh c thi hin ti, th cn c ch no m c thi hin ti? V lai cng th, ch no c thi v lai? Th nn khng nhn thi qu kh th khng c hai thi v lai, hin ti. Nh th, do i i m c, s tht khng c thi gian. V do ngha nh th, Th bit hai thi khc; Thng, trung, h, nht, d Cc php y u khng. [4] V ngha nh th, nn bit; ngoi ra, v lai, hin ti, cng nn khng; v: Trn, gia, di, mt, khc v.v.. cc php cng u khng tht. Nh nhn trn c gia, di; la trn khng c gia v di. Nu la trn c gia v di th khng nn lm nhn i i nhau. Nhn mt nn c khc, nhn khc nn c mt. Nu mt tht c, khng nn nhn khc m c; nu khc

tht c, khng nn nhn mt m c. Cc php nh vy cng nn nh th m ph. Hi: Nh c nhng s sai bit ca nm, thng, ngy, khonh khc , nn bit c thi gian. p: Thi gian dng khng th, Thi gian i cng khng. Thi nu khng th c, Lm sao ni tng thi. [5] Nhn vt nn c thi, Ngoi vt u c thi. Vt cn khng th c, Hung l c thi gian. [6] Thi gian nu khng dng li, th khng th nm bt c n. Thi gian dng li cng khng. Nu thi gian khng th c, lm th no ni tng thi gian? Nu khng thi gian th khng c thi gian. Nhn s vt pht sanh nn quyt chc c thi gian, nu la s vt khng c thi gian. T trc n nay dng mi cch ph hy cc php khng thc, lm g c thi gian. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1] ngha chng thi gian khng khc g vi chng kh lai. Thi gian c qu kh hin ti v v lai. Qu kh qua v lai cha n, hin ti lin l khng an tr, cho nn tt c u khng tht c. C thi gian hay khng ch l do tm thc phn bit ca con ngi qua s vt bin i. ---o0o---

CHNG XX: QUN NHN QU[1]


Hi: Cc nhn duyn ha hip, hin c qu pht sanh; do bit rng qu t chng duyn ha hip m c. p: Nu cc duyn ho hip,, M c qu sanh y. Trong ha hip c, u cn ha hip sanh.[2] [1] Nu ni cc nhn duyn ha hip c qu pht sanh; qu y tt trong ha hip c, ri t ha hip sanh; iu y khng ng. V sao? Qu, nu trc c nh th, khng th t ha hip sanh. Hi: Trong cc duyn ha hip, tuy khng c qu; m qu t cc duyn sanh th c li g? p: Nu cc duyn ha hip, Trong y khng c qu. Lm sao t cc duyn, Ha hip m sanh qu? [2] Nu t cc duyn ha hip pht sanh qu, m trong ha hip khng qu nhng t ha hip pht sanh, cng khng ng. V sao? Nu vt khng t tnh, vt y khng bao gi sanh. Li na: Nu cc duyn ha hip, Trong y m c qu.

Trong ha hip nn c. Nhng tht khng th c. [3] Nu t cc duyn ha hip, trong y c qu; nu l mu sc, l ra mt c th thy; hoc l phi sc th c th bit. Nhng tht trong ha hip khng tm thy c qu; cho nn ni: Trong ha hip c qu iu y khng ng. Li na: Nu cc duyn ha hip, Trong khng c qu. Vy n t cc duyn, Cng phi duyn ging nhau. [4] Nu trong s ha hip ca cc duyn khng c qu th nhn duyn hay phi nhn duyn u nh nhau. Nh sa l nhn duyn ca b. Nu trong sa khng c b, m trong nc cng khng c b. Nu trong sa khng c b th cng ging nh nc, khng nn ni ch t sa mi sanh b. Th nn, trong s ha hip ca cc duyn khng c qu, y th khng ng. Hi: Ci nhn, sau khi lm nhn cho qu ri th dit, m c nhn qu pht sanh, nh th khng li. p: Nhn lm nhn cho qu, Lm nhn ri th dit. Nhn y c hai th, Mt cho v mt dit. [5] Nu nhn sau khi lm nhn cho qu ri dit; nhn y tt c hai th; mt, nhn cho; hai, nhn dit. y khng ng. V trong mt php c hai th. Th nn nhn sau khi lm nhn cho qu ri hy dit; iu y khng ng.

Hi: Nu ni nhn khng lm nhn cho qu ri hy dit m cng c sanh qu, c li g? p: Nu nhn khng cho qu, Lm nhn ri m dit. Nhn dit ri sanh qu, Qu y tt khng nhn. [6] Nu nhn khng lm nhn cho qu xong, ri hy dit; nhn dit ri, pht sanh qu, th qu khng nhn. y khng ng. V sao? Hin thy tt c qu chng c ci no khng nhn. Th nn, ng ni nhn khng lm nhn cho qu xong ri hy dit, cng c sanh ra qu; iu y khng ng.

Hi: Khi cc duyn hip c qu pht sanh, c li g? p: Cc duyn khi ha hip, Ri c qu sanh y. Nng sanh v s sanh, L mt thi cng c. [7] Nu lc cc duyn ha hip c qu sanh th ci sanh v ci c sanh mt thi ng c; nhng iu y khng ng. V sao? Nh cha v con khng th sanh mt lc; th nn ng ni khi cc duyn hip nht sanh qu khng ng. Hi: Nu trc c qu sanh, sau chng duyn ha hip, c li g? p: Nu trc c qu sanh,

Ri sau cc duyn hip. Tc la ngoi nhn duyn, Gi l qu khng nhn. [8] Nu cc duyn cha hip m trc c qu sanh; iu y khng ng. V qu la nhn duyn tt gi qu khng c nhn. Th nn ng ni khi cc duyn cha hip, trc c qu sanh, iu y gii quyt khng th. Hi: Nhn hy dit, bin lm qu c li g? p: Nu nhn bin lm qu, Nhn tt i n qu. Th nhn y sanh trc, Sanh ri m li sanh. [9] Nhn c hai th: 1. Sanh trc. 2. Cng sanh. Nu nhn dit bin lm qu; qu, th nhn sanh trc, ri tr li sanh na. iu y khng ng. Ti sao? Vt sanh khng nn sanh na. Nu ni nhn y tc bin lm qu cng khng ng. V sao? Nu tc l (ci y y) khng gi l bin; nu bin th khng gi tc l. Hi: Nhn khng dit ht, ch danh t dit, m th ca nhn bin lm qu. Nh t st bin lm chic bnh, mt tn t st c tn bnh. p: t st trc dit m c bnh, khng gi l bin. Li th ca t st khng nhng lm bnh m c th lm bn, gh, h v.v; u t t st pht sanh. Nu t st ch c tn, khng th bin lm bnh. Bin, l nh sa bin thnh b; th nn ng ni, tn nhn tuy dit, nhng nhn bin lm qu; y khng ng. Hi: Nhn tuy dit mt m hay sanh qu; th nn c qu, khng c nhng li nh th. p:

Lm sao nhn dit mt, M hay sanh ra qu? Li, nu nhn c qu, Lm sao nhn sanh qu? [10] Nu nhn dit mt ri, lm th no c th pht hin qu? hoc nhn khng dit m cng qu hip, lm sao c th sanh qu na? Hi: Nhn y bin c qu m sanh qu. p: Nu nhn bin c qu, Sanh ra qu g na. Thy nhn khng thy qu, C hai u khng sanh. [11] Nhn nu khng thy qu, cn khng th sanh qu, hung l thy. Nu nhn t n khng thy qu, khng th sanh qu. V sao? Nu khng thy qu, qu tt khng ty theo nhn. Li, cha c qu lm th no sanh qu? Nu, nhn trc thy qu, khng nn sanh qu na; v c. Li na: Nu trong nhn qu kh, M c qu qu kh; Qu v lai, hin ti, Chng khng bao gi hip. [12] Nu nhn trong v lai M c qu v lai;

Qu hin ti, qu kh, Chng khng bao gi hip. [13] Nu nhn trong hin ti M c qu hin ti; Qu qu kh,v lai Chng khng bao gi hip. [14] Qu qu kh, khng cng vi nhn hin ti, v lai, qu kh ha hip. Qu v lai khng cng vi nhn v lai, hin ti, qu kh ha hip. Qu hin ti khng cng vi nhn hin ti, v lai v qu kh ha hip. Nh th, ba th qu u khng cng nhn qu kh, v lai v hin ti ha hip. Li na: Nu khng ha hip y, Nhn lm sao sanh qu? Nu c ha hip y, Nhn lm sao sanh qu? [15] Nu nhn qu khng ha hip th khng c qu. Nu khng qu, lm th no nhn pht sanh qu? Nu ni nhn qu ha hip th nhn c th sanh qu. y cng khng ng. V sao? Nu qu trong nhn; th trong nhn c qu, cn g pht sanh na. Li na: Nu nhn khng, khng qu, Nhn lm sao sanh qu? Nhn chng khng, c qu, Nhn lm sao sanh qu? [16]

Nu nhn khng c qu, v v khng c qu, nn nhn l khng, lm sao nhn c th pht sanh qu? Nh ngi khng mang thai lm th no sanh con? Nu nhn, trc c qu, v c qu, khng th sanh na. Li na: Nay s ni qu. Qu chng khng chng sanh; Qu chng khng chng dit. Bi v qu chng khng, Khng sanh cng khng dit. [17] Qu khng nn chng sanh, Qu khng nn chng dit. V qu y l khng, Khng sanh cng khng dit. [18] Qu nu l bt khng, chng th sanh, khng th dit. V sao? Nu trong nhn, trc quyt nh c qu; qu khng th sanh na. V khng sanh nn khng dit. Th nn, do qu l bt khng nn khng sanh, khng dit. Nu ni qu l khng nn c sanh dit. y cng khng ng. Ti sao? Qu nu l khng; khng gi l khng c g; lm th no c sanh c dit? Th nn, ni qu m l khng, nn khng sanh, khng dit. Li na, nay dng mt v khc ph nhn qu. Nhn qu l nht th, iu ny tt khng ng. Nhn qu l d th, iu ny cng khng ng. [19] Nu nhn qu nht th, Nng sanh s sanh mt,

Nu nhn qu d th, Nhn tt ng phi nhn. [20] Qu quyt nh c tnh, Nhn s sinh ci g? Qu quyt nh khng tnh, Nhn s sinh ci g? [21] Nu nhn khng sanh qu, Th khng c tng nhn. Nu chng c tng nhn, Ci g c qu y. [22] Nu do cc nhn duyn, M c php ha hip. Ha hip khng t sanh, Lm th no sanh qu? [23] Th nn qu khng t, Duyn hip chng hip sanh. Nu qu m khng c, Th php hip u? [24] Php do cc duyn ha hip, khng th sanh ra t th. V t th khng c, lm th no sanh ra qu? Th nn, qu khng t cc duyn ha hip sanh, cng khng t ci khng ha hip pht sanh. Nu khng c qu th php ha hip s hin hu ch no? --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] Tiu theo bn Phn hin ti: smagr-parkw, qun ha hip. Danh t ha hip ny c th tm thy trong cc trng hp sau: Ngn n l nhn ca nh sng, hay l do s ha hip ca cc nhn sanh trc m ngn n v nh sng cng sanh khi? Cu x 6 (Phn bit cn, tng 51). nim nhn qu y khng phi l t nhn sanh qu; m l t s ha hip hay ha iu ca nhiu yu t v iu kin pht sinh ra kt qu. i tng chnh ca chng ny, khng phi l kho st quan h nhn qu, m chnh l quan h phi hp tc thnh lut nhn qu. TS [2] Qun nhn qu bin lun cng ging nh chng qun nhn duyn, tm hiu nhn v qu ha hip ny n kt qu nh th no. Nhn c trc hay qu c trc, nhn trong qu hay qu c sn trong nhn, nhn v qu l mt th hay khng phi, ng th hay khc tnh Nu quan nim rng nhn sanh ra qu, th hi rng nhn v qu khc nhau hay khng khc nhau? Nu nhn khc vi qu, th nhn y khng sinh ra qu c. Nh ht u khng th sanh cy bp. Cn nhn qu khng khc nhau, khng khc tc l nhn v qu l mt. L mt th khng cn phn bit y l nhn kia l qu hay ni nhn sanh qu. Nu ni rng nhn qu khc nhau, khc nhau m c sanh qu, th qu y ging nh phi nhn, khng nhn m c qu. Ci li khng phi l c hay khng, m chnh nguyn nhn c chp quyt nh c khng, nn thnh c li. ---o0o---

CHNG XXI: QUN THNH, HOI[1]


Hi: Tt c s kin th gian, chnh c hin tng hoi dit, th nn c hoi. p: La thnh v cng thnh, Trong y khng c hoi.[2] La hoi v cng hoi, Trong cng khng thnh.[3] [1] Hoc c thnh hay khng c thnh, vn khng hoi. Hoc c hoi hay khng hoi, u khng c thnh. V sao?

Nu la thnh y ra, Lm th no c hoi? Nh la sanh c t, iu y tt khng ng. [2] Thnh, hoi cng c chung, lm sao c thnh hoi? Nh th gian sanh t, ng thi th khng ng. [3] Nu la hoi y ra, Lm th no c thnh? Khng bao gi v thng, Khng ni cc php. [4] Nu la thnh, hoi khng c th c. V sao? Nu la thnh m c hoi th khng nhn ni thnh m c hoi, hoi y tt khng nhn. Li na, khng c php thnh m c th hoi. Thnh, l cc duyn phi hip. Hoi, l chng duyn ly tn. Nu la thnh m c hoi; khng c tu thnh, ci g hoi dit? Nh khng c ci bnh, chng c ni chic bnh hy hoi. Th nn l thnh khng c hoi. Nu ni cng vi thnh m c hoi, cng khng ng. V sao? S vt trc tu thnh ring sau mi c hip. Php hip khng th khng c tnh cch d bit. Nu hoi m khng c tnh cch d bit th hoi y khng nhn. Th nn, cng vi thnh cng khng hoi. Ni rng la hoi hay cng vi hoi khng c thnh, ngha l nu la hoi c thnh tt thnh thng; thng l tng khng hoi dit. Nhng s tht chng thy c php thng hng tng hoi dit, th nn la hoi khng c thnh. Nu ni rng cng vi hoi m c thnh cng khng ng. V sao? Thnh v hoi n tri nhau, lm th no trong mt lc c c thnh v hoi. Nh ngi khng th cng mt lc va c tc va khng tc; thnh hoi cng vy. Th nn, cng vi hoi m c thnh, iu y khng ng. V sao? Nu bo phn bit php, ni trong thnh thng c hoi, iu y khng ng. V sao? Nu trong

thnh thng c hoi th khng th c php nh tr. Nhng tht c php tr. Th nn la hoi hay cng hoi khng th c thnh. Li na: Thnh hoi chung, khng thnh; la cng khng c thnh. Hai ci u khng th, Lm th no c thnh? [5] Nu thnh hoi chung, khng c thnh. La cng chng c thnh. Nu chung thnh th hai php tri nhau, lm th no ng thi c? Nu la th khng c nhn, c hai u khng tu thnh, lm sao s c thnh? Nu c th hy ni th. Hi: Hin c php c tng tn dit. Php vn l tng dit tn y. Ni l tn cng ni l bt tn. Nh th, tt c thnh hoi. p: Tn th khng c thnh; Khng tn cng chng thnh. Tn th khng c hoi; Khng tn cng chng hoi. [6] Cc php trong ngy m mi nim mi nim thng dit tn qu kh; nh dng nc chy mi khng ngng nn gi l tn dit. Ci y khng th chp th, khng th ni. Nh bng nga ng[4] khng th tm thy tnh quyt nh. Cng th, dit tn khng c tnh quyt nh c th nm c; lm th no c th phn bit m ni thnh? Th nn, ni tn cng khng thnh. V thnh khng, nn cng chng c hoi. Th nn ni tn cng khng c hoi. Li, nim nim sanh dit tng tc khng dt, nn gi bt tn. Nh th php quyt nh thng tr khng an; lm sao phn bit c rng hin nay l thnh? Th nn ni khng c dit tn cng khng thnh. V thnh

khng, nn khng hoi. Th nn ni bt tn cng khng hoi. Nh th, tm xt k s tht khng th c, nn khng thnh khng hoi. Hi: Hy gc li vic thnh hoi i, ch cho hin nay c php c, c li g? p: Nu la thnh hoi ra, Th khng c php c. Nu la cc php ra, Cng khng c thnh hoi.[5] [7] La thnh v hoi, khng c php. Ngha l nu php khng c thnh, hoi; php y phi hoc l khng, hoc l thng. Nhng th gian ny khng c php no thng. ng ni la thnh hoi c php, iu y khng ng. Hi: Nu la php ch c thnh hoi, c li g? p: La php, c thnh hoi cng khng ng. V sao? Nu la php, ci g thnh, ci no hoi? Th nn, la php c thnh, hoi, iu y khng ng. Li na: Nu php tnh l khng, ci g c thnh, hoi. Php tnh nu bt khng, Cng chng c thnh hoi. [8] Nu php tnh l khng; khng, th no c thnh hoi. Nu cc php tnh bt khng; bt khng tc l quyt nh c, cng khng th c thnh hoi. Li na: Thnh hoi nu nht th, iu y th khng ng.

Thnh hoi nu d th, iu y cng khng ng. [9] Tm xt k thnh, hoi l mt khng th c. Ti sao? Bi tng khc, v nhiu kha cnh phn bit. Li thnh v hoi l khc, cng khng th. Ti sao? V khng c ring khc, v cng khng c nhn. Li na: Nu ni cho mt thy, C nhng php sanh dit. Th do vng si, Nn thy c sanh dit. [10] Nu ni do mt nhn thy c sanh dit, v sao dng ngn ng ph? iu y khng ng. Ti sao? Mt thy sanh dit l v k ngu si in o. Thy cc php tnh khng, khng c quyt nh, nh huyn nh mng. Ch nhng k phm phu bi nhn duyn in o i trc m c c con mt ny; v i ny do nhn duyn nh ngh phn bit, ni mt thy sanh dit. Trong nht ngha tht khng c sanh dit; iu y ni rng trong chng ph tng[6]. Li na: T php khng sanh php[7], Cng khng sanh phi php. T phi php khng sanh, Php v c phi php. [11] T php khng sanh php l, hoc n (n: t ci ny sanh ci kia); hoc mt (hoi mt ci ny thnh ci kia) c hai u khng ng. T php sanh php l, hoc n, hoc mt u l v nhn. V nhn th ri vo thng kin, on kin. Nu n, t php sanh php; php y n m gi l sanh, tc l thng. Li, sanh ri sanh na v cng l v nhn m

pht sanh; iu y khng ng. Nu do mt m t php sanh php tc l mt nhn, sanh y v nhn. Th l t ci mt cng khng sanh php. T php khng sanh phi php; phi php[8] l khng c g c. Php l c, lm th no t tng c pht sanh tng khng? Th nn, t php khng sanh phi php. T phi php khng sanh php; phi php l khng. Khng lm th no sanh c? Nu t khng pht hin c, tc l v nhn. Khng nhn c li rt ln. Th nn, khng t phi php sanh php. Khng t phi php sanh phi php; phi php gi l khng, lm th no t khng c m sanh khng? Nh sng con th khng sanh lng ra. Th nn khng t phi php sanh phi php. Hi: Php v phi php, c phn bit di nhiu hnh thc nn khng sanh. Nhng theo l, php sanh php. p: Php khng t t sanh, Cng khng t tha sanh. Khng t t, tha sanh, Lm th no c sanh. [12] S vt lc cha pht sanh l khng c g c. V li, t n khng sanh n. Th nn php khng t sanh. Nu php cha sanh th cng khng c ci khc. V ci khc khng c, chng c ni t ci khc sanh. Li, cha sanh th khng c t. Khng t u c tha? Cng[9] cng khng sanh. Nu trong c ba trng hp u khng sanh; lm th no c t php sanh php? Li na: Nu c php chp nhn[10], Tc ri vo on thng. Phi bit php chp nhn,

Hoc thng hoc v thng. [13] Php chp nhn, ngha l phn bit thin, bt thin, thng, v thng v.v.. Ngi y, tt ri vo hoc thng kin hay on kin. Ti sao? Php c chp nhn c hai th, hoc thng hoc v thng. C hai u khng ng. V sao? Nu thng tc ri bn thng kin, nu v thng l ri bn on kin. Hi: Nhng g c chp nhn, Khng ri vo on thng. V nhn qu tng tc, Khng on cng khng thng. [14] C ngi tuy tn th phn bit ni cc php, nhng khng ri vo on thng. Nh kinh ni, nm m l v thng, kh, khng, v ng m khng on dit. Tuy ni ti phc v lng kip s khng mt, nhng khng phi thng kin. Ti sao? V php y, do nhn qu, thng sanh dit tng tc, qua li khng chm dt. Bi sanh dit nn khng thng. V tng tc nn khng on. p: Nu nhn qu sanh dit, Tng tc m khng on. Dit ri khng sanh na, Nn nhn tc on dit. [15] Nu ng ni cc php do nhn qu tng tc nn khng on, khng thng. Nu php dit ri, khng c sanh na; th th nhn on. Nu nhn on lm th no c tng tc; v dit ri khng sanh vy. Li na: Php tr t tnh,

Khng nn c hu v. Nit-bn dit tng tc, Th ri vo on dit. [16] Php, nu quyt nh trong tng c, lc by gi chng c tng khng. Nh chic bnh quyt nh trong tng bnh, lc y khng c tng hoi dit. Ty khi c bnh khng c tng hoi dit, lc y khng bnh cng chng c hoi tng. V sao? Nu khng bnh tt khng c tng hoi. Do ngha y nn dit khng th c c. V la dit, nn cng khng sanh. Ti sao? Sanh dit l nhn i i. Li, c li thng v.v.. Th nn, khng th trong mt php m c c hu ln v. Li, v trc ng ni, Nhn qu do sanh dit tng tc, tuy th cc php m khng ri vo on, thng. iu y khng ng. Ti sao? ng ni, do nhn qu tng tc cho nn c ba ci tng tc; hy dit tng tc gi Nit-bn. Nu vy, th Nit-bn s ri vo on dit. Bi v dit s tng tc ca ba ci. Li na: Nu thn s hu dit, Th khng c hu hu. S hu nu khng dit, Cng khng c hu hu. [17] S hu l thn i hin ti, hu hu l thn i v lai. Nu thn s hu hy dit, k l thn hu hu; th tc l khng nhn. iu y khng ng. Th nn khng c ni thn ban u dit c thn sau. Nu s hu khng dit cng khng nn c hu hu. V sao? Nu s hu cha dit m c hu hu tc l ng thi c hai thn. iu y khng ng. Th nn, s hu khng dit cng khng c hu hu. Hi: hu hu khng do s hu dit m sanh; chng do khng dit m sanh; ch khi ang hy dit n pht sanh, c li g? p: Nu s hu hy dit,

M hu hu pht sanh. Khi dit, mt ci hu. Lc sanh l mt hu. [18] Nu khi dit s hu, sanh hu hu; tc hai thn ng mt thi. Mt thn ang dit, mt thn ang sanh. Hi: ang dit, ang sanh; hai ci u c th khng ng. Nhng hin thy thn s hu hoi dit, thn hu hu pht sanh. p: Nu ni i sanh dit, M gi l nht thi. Ngay khi m ny dit, Tc l m kia sanh. [19] Nu ang sanh v ang dit, cng mt thi khng c hai ci hu, m ni rng lc s hu dit, sanh hu hu; th nay phi trong m no m cht, ngay trong m y m sanh; ch khng th trong m khc sanh. Ti sao? V cht tc l sanh. Nh th, php sanh t tri nhau, khng th ng thi c. Th nn, trc ng ni, ang dit, ang sanh, cng mt lc khng c hai s hu, ch hin thy khi dit s hu c sanh hu hu. iu y khng ng. Li na: Trong ba i tm hu, Tng tc khng th c. Trong ba i nu khng, u c thn tng tc. [20] Tam hu l ci Dc, ci Sc v ci V sc. Bi trong sanh t t v th, v khng c tht tr, thng c ba ci tng tc. Nay i trong ba i tm k khng th. Nu trong ba i khng c, s ch no c hu tng tc? Nn

bit rng, hu tng tc u t ngu si in o nn c, trong chn tht th khng.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1] Tiu theo bn Phn hin ti: sambhava-vibhava-prkw, kho st v khi nim sambhava (xut sanh) v vibhava (phi hu), tc l vn xut hin v bin mt. Nh vy, hai t thnh v hoi y khng nm trong ng cnh thnh tr hoi khng nh l chu k khng u khng cui. TS [2] Tham chiu Phn vn: vin v saha v nsti vibhavah sambhavena vai, Tch ri (ly) s xut hin hay cu hu (cng) vi s xut hin (thnh), u khng c s bin mt (hoi). [3] Qun thnh hoi l qun st cc php hnh thnh v hoi dit. V tr quan th c thnh, tr, hoi v khng. Nhn sanh quan th c sanh, lo, bnh v t. Cu 281, 282, ni rng khi cc php cng nhau ha hip hnh thnh th gi l thnh. Khi khng cn ha hip th gi l hoi dit. Khng c tng thnh th khng c tng hoi dit v ngc li. [4] Xem ch thch 1 trang 61 trn. [5] Thnh v hoi khng th ng thi c. Nh ti v sng, khng th mt lc c. cu 286 l ni cc php trong ngy m. Mi nim mi nim sanh ri dit, dit ri sanh, tng tng nh n c tn cng. Nhng s tht sanh dit n tip tc mi mi, t h nh v tn. Do , nn khng th chp on, chp thng, tr hay khng tr. [6] Tc chng Qun Ba tng. [7] Hn: php; bn Phn: bhva, ci hu; th, tnh; hu th, hu tnh. [8] Hn: phi php. Phn: abhva, v th. [9] Cc bn Tng-Nguyn-Minh: bt cng. [10] Hn: s th php. Phn: bhvam abhyupapannasya, (i vi ai chp nhn (ng , tin tng) hu. Xem cc ch thch trang trc.

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CHNG XXII: QUN NH LAI


Hi: Bc tn qu nht trong tt c th gian ch c Nh Lai l ng Chnh bin tri, hiu l Php Vng. L tt nhin phi c bc Nht th tr,. p: Nay hy suy ngh k, nu c nn chp nhn, nu khng th nhn ci g? Ti sao? Nh Lai, Khng m, chng la m, y kia khng trong nhau.[1] Nh Lai khng c m, Ch no c Nh Lai?[2] [1] Nu Nh Lai tht c, th nm m chnh l nh Lai hay l la nm m c Nh Lai? Hay trong Nh Lai c nm m? Hay trong nm m c Nh Lai? Hay Nh Lai c nm m? iu y khng ng. Nm m chng phi Nh Lai. Ti sao? V nm m l tng sanh dit. Nu Nh Lai tc l nm m; Nh Lai tc l tng sanh dit. Nu l tng sanh dit, th Nh Lai tc c nhng li v thng, on dit v.v.. Li, th gi, th php l mt. Th gi l Nh Lai. Th php l nm m. iu y khng ng. Th nn, Nh Lai chng phi tc l nm m. La nm m cng khng c Nh Lai. Nu la nm m m c Nh Lai, th khng nn c tng sanh dit. Nu vy Nh Lai c nhng li thng v.v.. Li, mt v.v.. cc cn khng th thy bit Nh Lai. Song iu y khng ng. Th nn la nm m cng khng Nh lai. Trong Nh Lai cng khng nm m, V sao? Nu trong Nh Lai c nm m, nh trong da c tri cy, hay l trong nc c c; th l c d bit. Nu d bit tc c li thng v.v.. nh trn. Th nn, trong Nh Lai khng nm m. Li trong nm m cng khng c Nh Lai, V sao? Nu trong nm m c Nh Lai, nh trn ging c ngi, nh trong ly c sa; nh th th c s c

bit v d bit, mc li ni nh trn. Th nn trong nm m khng c Nh Lai. Nh Lai cng khng c nm m. V sao? Nu Nh Lai c nm m, nh ngi c con, th l c c bit v d bit; nu vy, c li nh trn. iu y khng ng. Th nn Nh Lai khng c nm m. Nh th trong nm, th tm k, khng th c. Vy, ci g l Nh Lai? Hi: Bng nhng ngha nh th m tm Nh Lai khng th c. Nhng nm m ha hip c Nh Lai c chng? p: m hip[3] c Nh Lai, Th khng c t tnh. Nu khng c t tnh, Lm sao nhn tha c?[4] [2] Nu Nh Lai do nm m ha hip m c, tc l khng t tnh. Ti sao? V nhn nm m ha hip m c. Hi: Nh Lai khng do t tnh m c; nhng nhn tha tnh c? p: Nu khng c t tnh, lm th no nhn tha tnh c. V sao? Tha tnh cng khng t tnh. Li, v khng c nhn tng i, nn tha tnh khng th. V khng th c nn khng gi l tha. Li na: Php nu nhn tha tnh, y l chng phi ng. Nu php khng phi ng, Lm g cNh Lai? [3] Php nu do cc duyn ha hip sanh th khng c ng. Nh nhn nm ngn tay m c nm tay; nm tay khng c t th. Nh th, nhn nm m gi l

ng. Ng tc l khng t th. Ng c nhiu tn; hoc l chng sanh, hoc gi Tri, ngi, Nh Lai v.v Nu Nh Lai nhn nm m m c, tc l khng c t tnh. V khng c t tnh nn khng c ng. Nu khng c ng; lm th no ni l Nh Lai? Th nn trong bi tng ni, Php nu nhn tha sanh, th chng phi c ng. Nu php khng c ng, ci g l nh Lai? Li na: Nu khng c t tnh, Lm sao c tha tnh? La t tnh, tha tnh, u gi l Nh Lai? [4] Nu khng c t tnh, tha tnh cng khng th c. V nhn t tnh nn gi tha tnh; bi y khng, kia cng khng; th nn t tnh, tha tnh c hai u khng. Nu ngoi t tnh, tha tnh, ci g l Nh Lai? Li na: Nu khng nhn nm m[5], M trc c Nh Lai; Th nay v th m, Nn ni l nh Lai. [5] Nay tht khng th m[6], Li khng php Nh lai. Nu khng, v khng th, Nay lm sao c th?[7] [6] Nu kia cha c th, S th khng gi th[8] .

Chng c php khng th, M gi l nh Lai. [7] Nu i trong nht, d[9], Nh Lai khng th c. Nm th tm cng khng, Lm sao c trong th? [8] Li s th nm m, Khng t t tnh c[10]. Nu khng c t tnh, Lm g c tha tnh? [9] Nu cha c th (chp th) nm m, m trc c Nh Lai y; th Nh Lai y nay sau khi th nm m ri cng c th l Nh Lai. Nhng tht s khi cha th nm m, trc khng c Nh lai, nay lm th no c th th? Li khng th nm m, th nm m khng c gi l th; khng th khng c th m gi l Nh Lai. Li, Nh Lai trong ngha nht d tm khng th c; trong nm m, bng nm cch, tm cng chng th; nu vy lm th no trong nm m ni c Nh Lai? Li, s th nm m khng t t tnh c, lm th no c t tha tnh. V sao? Bi khng c t tnh th tha tnh cng khng. Li na: Bi v ngha nh th, Th khng, th gi khng. Lm sao chnh do khng, M ni khng Nh Lai? [10] Theo ngha m t duy, th v ngi th u khng. Nu Th khng, lm sao do th khng m ni Nh Lai khng?

Hi: ng ni th khng, th gi khng; th th quyt nh c ci khng chng? p: Khng phi vy. V sao? Khng th khng th ni, Chng khng cng khng th. Khng ni cng bt cng, Ch bng gi danh ni. [11] Cc php khng, th khng th ni. Cc php bt khng, cng khng th ni. Cc php va khng va bt khng cng khng th ni. Ti sao? V loi b mu thun (tng vi), nn bng vo gi danh m ni. Nh th, chnh qun m t duy, trong tht tng cc php, khng nn dng cc php vn nn. V sao? Trong tch dit khng c Thng, v thng vn vn. Trong tch dit khng c Bin, v bin vn vn. [12] Tht tng cc php l tch dit vi diu nh th. Cn c i qu kh khi bn th t kin: Th gian hu thng; th gian v thng; th gian va thng va v thng; th gian phi thng phi v thng. Trong tng tch dit u khng c nhng ci nh vy. V sao? Tht tng cc php cu knh thanh tnh, khng th chp th. Khng, cn chng th th hung l c bn th kin chp u do th pht sanh. Tht tng cc php khng c s nhn bi th. Trong bn th kin chp, u cho kin chp ca mnh l qu, cn kin chp ca k khc l thp km. Tht tng cc php khng c y kia. Th nn ni trong tch dit khng c bn th kin chp. Cng nh cn c i qu kh m c bn th kin chp, cng nh th: Th gian hu bin, th gian v bin; th gian va hu bin va v bin, th gian phi hu bin phi v bin. Hi: Nu bc b Nh Lai nh th, th khng c Nh Lai chng?

Ngi t kin thm hu, Th ni khng Nh Lai. Nh Lai tng tch dit, Phn bit c, chng phi. [13] T kin c hai th: 1- Bc b s an lc ca th gian. 2- Bc b o Nit-bn. Bc b s an lc th gian l t kin th; ni khng ti, khng phc, khng c qu bo ca ti phc, khng c Nh Lai v nhng bc hin, thnh v.v..; khi cc t kin, b thin, lm c. y l ph s an lc th gian. Ph o Nit-bn, l do tham m ni ng, phn bit c, khng, khi nim thin, c; v lm thin th c s an lc th gian; bi phn bit c v khng nn chng c Nit-bn. Th nn, nu ni khng c Nh Lai chnh l t kin su dy lm mt s an lc th gian hung l Nit-bn. Nu ni c Nh Lai cng l t kin. V sao? Nh Lai vn l tng tch dit nhng do cc th phn bit, th nn trong tng tch dit m phn bit c Nh lai; y cng khng ng. Nh th trong tnh khng, Suy ngh cng khng th. Nh Lai sau khi dit, Phn bit thnh c khng. [14] Tht tng ca cc php l Tnh Khng, cho nn khng th t duy phn bit rng Nh Lai sau khi dit hoc c, hoc khng hay va c va khng. Nh Lai t trc n gi, rt ro l khng, hung l sau khi dit . Nh Lai vt h lun. M ngi sanh h lun. H lun mt tu nhn, u khng th thy Pht.[11] [15]

H lun, l do tng tng m chp th tng, ri phn bit y kia. Ni Pht dit hay l khng dit v.v.. ngi y b h lun che lp mt tr tu, khng th thy Php thn Nh Lai. Trong chng nh Lai ny, t khong u khong gia v khong cui, suy ngh v Nh Lai m khng th tm thy c tnh quyt dnh. Th nn bi tng ni: Nh Lai m c tnh, Tc l tnh th gian. Nh Lai khng c tnh, Th gian cng khng tnh[12]. [16] Trong chng ny, t duy suy tm v tnh Nh Lai cng tc l tnh tt c th gian. Hi: Nhng g l tnh Nh Lai? p: Nh Lai khng c t tnh cng ng th gian khng c t tnh. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1] Hn: b th bt tng ti. Phn: nsmi skandh na tewu sah, cc un khng trong Nh Lai; Nh Lai khng trong cc un. [2] Nh Lai: Nh ngha l nh nh bt ng, trc sau khng sai khc. Li ngha l n tam gii, sanh khng g chng ngi. Thn Nh Lai khng phi l thn ng m cng khng phi hon ton khng ng m. N l phi hu phi v. Thn ng m do nhn duyn ha hip, thn Nh Lai khng phi t s ha hip ca ng m t i. Do thn Nh Lai khng phi t s th lnh m c hoc khng t s th lnh m c. Bi v thn Nh Lai l chn khng (Snya), ngoi bn t kin v bin kin. [3] Hn: m hip. Phn: skandhn updya, y ch trn cc un. [4] Hn: nhn tha hu. Phn: sa parabhvatah, t tha th (tha tnh) m c. [5] Hn: nhn ng m. Phn: skandhn updya. T Phn ny y c dng theo hai ngha: y ch trn cc un; v chp th cc un, m t kp thng gp l updna-skandha, th un, un do chp th.

[6] Hn: bt th m. Phn: skandhn anupdya, khng y ch trn cc un; t dn n khi nim anupdna-skandh, phi th un, tc un khng do chp th, hay khng c chp th. [7] Hn: nhc d bt th v, kim ng vn h th. Phn: yaz ca nsty anupdya sa updsyate katham? Ci g khng do y ch (= ci g c khng do chp th), lm sao b y ch (=lm sao b chp th)? [8] Hn: nhc k v hu th, s th bt danh th. Phn: na bhavaty anupdattam updna ca kicana, nu khng c ci b chp th, th ci chp th cng khng. [9] Hn: nht d trung. Phn: tatvnyatvena, bng tht th v d th [10] Phn: yad apdam upadna tat svabhvn na vidyate, th khng c tm thy t t th. [11] H lun: l ch t tng vng chp sai lm t kin. [12] Phn: tathgato yat svabhvas tat svabhva ida jagat, tathgato nihsvabhvo nihsvabhvam ida jagat: t tnh (hay t th) ca Nh Lai cng chnh l t tnh ca th gian ny. Nh Lai ly t tnh, th gian ny cng l ly t tnh.

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CHNG XXIII: QUN IN O


Hi: T c tng phn bit, Pht sanh tham, sn, si. Tnh, bt tnh in o, u t chng sanh duyn[1] [1] Trong kinh ni: Nhn c tng in o m phn bit tnh, bt tnh, ri pht khi tham, sn, si. Th nn bit c tham, sn, si.

p: Nu nhn tnh, bt tnh, in o sanh ba c. Ba c l khng tnh, Nn phin no khng tht. [2] Nu cc phin no do tng tng in o phn bit tnh v bt tnh m pht sanh, tc khng t tnh. Th nn, cc phin no khng tht. Li na: Ng php, c v khng, iu y khng t thnh. Khng ng, cc phin no, C khng cng chng thnh. [3] Ng khng thnh do bi nhn duyn hoc c hoc khng. Nay ng khng c, cc phin no lm th no c hay khng c th tu thnh? V sao? Ai c phin no ny? Khng th chng thnh c. La ngi y m c, Phin no s khng ch. [4] Phin no ngha l ci hay lm no hi ngi khc. Ci ngi khc b no hi y chnh l chng sanh. Chng sanh y i tt c mi trng hp tm k khng th c. Nu ni ngoi chng sanh ring c phin no; phin no y tc khng s thuc. Nu ni, tuy khng c ng m phin no thuc v tm, iu y cng khng ng. v sao? Nh nm loi thn kin,

Tm ng khng th c. Phin no nhim tm, Nm th tm khng c. [5] Cng nh trong nm trng hp u khng tm thy c thn kin. Trong nm m cng vy, trong nm trng hp cng khng tm thy cc phin no trong tm nhim. Li na, trong nm trng hp cng khng tm thy c tm nhim trong phin no. Li na: Tnh, bt tnh in o, l khng t tnh. Sao nhn hai ci ny, M sanh nhng phin no? [6] Tnh, bt tnh in o; in o gi l h vng. Nu l h vng, l khng t tnh. Khng c t tnh th khng in o. Nu khng c in o, lm th no nhn in o m khi nhng phin no? Hi: Sc, thanh, hng, v, xc V php l su th. Nh th su th l, Cn bn ca ba c. [7] Ci gc ca ba c y l su nhp. Do lc nhp ny sanh khi in o tnh, bt tnh. Nhn bi in o tnh, bt tnh m pht khi tham, sn, si. p: Sc, thanh, hng, v, xc,

V php th su th, Khng, nh qung, nh mng, Nh thnh ph gia tri. [8] Trong su th nh th, No c tnh, bt tnh. V nh ngi huyn ha, Cng nh nh trong gng. [9] T th ca sc, thanh, hng, v, xc v php khi cha cng tm ha hip, th khng c g c, ch nh qung nng, nh gic mng, nh ngi huyn ha, nh nh trong gng, khng c tng quyt nh, ch do tm m hoc. Nh th trong su nhp, c ci g c tng tnh v bt tnh? Li na: Khng nhn ni tng tnh, Khng c tnh,bt tnh. Nhn tnh c bt tnh, Th nn khng bt tnh. [10] Nu chng nhn ni tnh, trc khng c bt tnh; do u m ni bt tnh? Th nn khng c bt tnh. Li na: Chng nhn ni bt tnh, Th cng khng c tnh. Nhn bt tnh c tnh, Th nn khng c tnh. [11]

Nu chng nhn bt tnh, trc khng c tnh; do u m ni tnh? Th nn, khng c tnh. Li na: Nu l khng c tnh, Do u m c tham? Nu khng c bt tnh, Do u m c sn? [12] V khng c tnh v bt tnh, tt khng sanh khi tham, sn, si. Hi: Kinh ni: Bn th in o, thng v.v. Nu trong v thng m thy thng gi l in o. Bng trong v thng m thy v thng; y khng phi in o. Ngoi ra ba th in o khc cng nh th. V c in o cng nn c ngi in o, do g ni u khng? p: i v thng chp thng, Th gi l in o. Trong khng chng c thng, No c thng in o. [13] Nu i trong v thng m chp thng gi l in o. Trong tnh khng ca cc php, khng c thng; trong y, ch no c s in o v thng? Ngoi ra, ba th kia cng th. Li na: Nu trong v thng, Chp v thng khng o. Trong khng, chng v thng,

u c khng in o. [14] Nu chp rng, v thng ni l v thng th chng gi l in o; nhng trong tnh khng ca cc php, chng c v thng. V v thng khng c, th th ci g khng phi l in o? Ngoi ra ba th kia cng nh th. Li na: Ngi, s chp, ci chp, V phng tin chp; u l tng tch dit, Lm th no c chp? [15] Ngi chp l tc gi. S chp l s vt. Ci chp l nghip. Php s dng chp l phng tin chp; thy u tnh khng, tng tch dit, nh trong chng Nh Lai ni; th nn khng c ci chp. Li na: Nu khng c php chp, Ni t l in o. Ni chnh khng in o, Ci g c nh th? [16] Chp ngha l tng tng phn bit vt ny, vt kia, c, khng v.v Nu khng c nhng php chp ny th ci g l t in o, ci g l chnh khng in o? Li na: C o khng sanh o, Khng o chng sanh o. Ngi o khng sanh o,

Khng o cng chng o. [ 17] Nu chnh khi in o, Cng khng sanh in o. ng c th qun st, Ci g sanh in o? [18] Ci g in o, th khng sanh in o na, v sanh khi in o. Ci khng in o cng chng khi in o, v khng c in o. Ci ang in o cng khng in o, v c hai li. Nay ng nn tr tm kiu mn, kho t qun st, ci g l ngi in o? Li na: Nhng in o khng sanh, Lm sao c ngha ny? V khng c in o, u c ngi in o? [19] V dng mi cch ph in o tn cng n ch bt sanh, kia li chp bt sanh; cho rng bt sanh l tht tng ca in o. Th nn li tng ni, Lm th no bt sanh, gi l tng in o? Cho n php v lu cn khng gi tng bt sanh, hung l in o l tng bt sanh. V in o khng, lm g c php in o mi c ngi in o. Nhn in o m c ngi in o. Li na, Nu thng,lc,ng,tnh, M l tht c y; Thng,lc,ng,tnh , Tt chng phi in o. [20]

Nu bn th thng, lc, ng v tnh c tht tnh; th thng, ng, lc, tnh y tc chng phi in o. Ti sao? V quyt nh c s tht lm sao ni in o? Nu ni bn th thng, lc, ng, tnh l khng; th th bn th v thung, kh, v ng, bt tnh y tht c, khng gi in o v cng in o tri nhau. Nu ni khng in o, iu y khng ng. Ti sao? Nu ng, thng, lc, tnh, M l tht khng c. V thung, kh, bt tnh, Th cng nn khng c. [21] Nu bn th thng, lc, ng v tnh tht khng; v tht khng, nn bn iu v thng v.v.. cng khng nn c. Ti sao? V khng lm nhn i i nhau. Li na: Nh th in o dit, V minh tt cng dit. Do v v minh dit, Hnh vn vn cng dit. [22] Nh th, ngha l theo nh ngha , v dit nhng in o th v minh l cn bn ca hai nhn duyn cng dit. V hy dit v minh; ba th hnh nghip cho n lo t v.v.. u hy dit. Li na: Nu phin no tht tnh, M l c s thuc. Lm sao c th on, Ai s on tnh kia? [23]

Nu nhng phin no tc l in o m tht c t tnh, lm th no c th on? ci g on tnh kia? Nu ni cc phin no u h vng, khng tnh m c th on th khng ng. V sao? Nu phin no h vng, Khng tnh khng s thuc. Lm sao c th on, Ai hay on khng tnh? [24] Nu nhng phin no h vng khng c tnh, th khng c s thuc, lm th no c th on, ci g on php khng c tnh?

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1] Trong chng ny, Long Th B tt nhn mnh s quan st in o phin no, tam c tham sn si, t u c pht sanh. Phin no t n khng c t tnh. Nu tht c t tnh th khng th no dit c. Chnh bn ng v tt c phin no in o u do nhn duyn ha hp m c. N khng tht c th tnh. Do ngi to phin no v s to tc phin no chnh cng khng c, khng c s thuc. Cho nn, khng ai l ngi s hu phin no. Phin no khng s hu ca ai, nn khng c ngi on phin no. Tt c l nhn duyn sanh. Nu ni c ngi c php, c phin no, c on dit phin no, l chnh mnh b v minh rng buc ly mnh. ---o0o---

CHNG XXIV: QUN T


Hi: Ph c bn in o, thng t bn Thnh , c bn qu sa mn. Nu tt c u khng, Khng sanh cng khng dit; Nh th th khng c,

Php bn Thnh y.[1] [1] V bn Thnh khng; Thy kh cng on tp, Chng dit v tu o, Vic nh th u khng. [2] Bi v vic y khng, Khng c bn o qu. V khng c bn qu, c, hng[2] y cng khng. [3] Nu khng Tm Hin Thnh[3], Th khng c Tng bo. Do v khng T , Cng khng c Php bo. [4] Php, Tng bo khng c, Cng khng c Pht bo. Ni ngha khng nh vy, Th l ph Tam Bo. [5] Nu tt c th gian u khng, khng tht c, tc khng sanh khng dit. Bi v khng sanh, khng dit nn khng c php bn Thnh . V sao? T Tp sanh Kh . Tp l nhn, Kh l qu. Dit kh tp 0 gi l Dit . C kh nng a n Dit gi l o . o l nhn, Dit l qu. Nh th T c nhn, c qu. Nu khng sanh khng dit th khng T . V T khng c, nn khng thy kh, on tp, chng dit, tu o. V bn s kin y l khng nn khng c bn Sa mn qu; v khng bn sa mn qu cho nn khng c bn hng v bn c. Nu khng c bn

bc Hin Thnh ny th khng c Tng bo. Li v bnThnh khng; Php bo cng khng. Nu khng Php bo v Tng bo, lm sao c Pht bo? c Php gi l Pht, khng php lm th no c Pht? ng ni cc php u khng th ph hoi Tam bo. Li na: Php Khng, hoi nhn qu, cng hoi l ti phc. Cng l hoi tt c, Nht thit php th gian. [6] Nu ngi chp nhn php khng th ph ti phc v qu bo ti phc, cng ph lun php th tc. V c nhng li nh th v.v.. nn cc php chng th khng. p: Nay ng tht khng th, Bit khng, nhn duyn khng[4]; V chng bit ngha khng; Th nn t sanh no. [7] ng khng hiu r tnh khng l g? v nhn duyn g m ni khng? Cng chng hiu r ngha khng. V khng th bit nh tht nn sanh khi nghi nn nh th. Li na: Ch Pht y hai , V chng sanh ni php. Mt l th tc . Hai nht ngha . [8]

Nu ngi khng th bit, Phn bit hai ny; i thm thm Pht Php, Khng bit ngha chn tht. [9] Th tc , theo , tt c php tnh l khng, nhng v th gian in o sanh khi php h vng; i vi th gian, n l tht. Ch Hin Thnh bit mt cch chn tht tnh n in o; bit tt c php u khng, khng sanh. i vi bc Thnh nhn nht ngha c gi l tht. Ch Pht y trn hai v chng sanh ni php. Nu ngi khng th bit nh tht phn bit hai , i vi php thm thm ca Pht, khng th bit ngha chn tht. Nu ni, tt c php khng sanh l nht ngha m khng cn ci th hai l th tc ; iu y cng khng ng. Ti sao? Khng y th tc , Khng c nht ngha. Khng t nht ngha, Th khng c Nit-bn. [10] nht ngha u nhn ngn thuyt; ngn thuyt l th tc. Th nn, nu khng y th tc th nht ngha khng th ni. Nu khng c nht ngha, lm th no t n Nit-bn? Th nn, cc php tuy khng sanh m c hai . Lina: Khng th chnh qun khng, n cn tt t hi. Nh khng kho ch thut, Khng kho bt rn c. [11] Nu ngi n cn khng kho hiu r php khng; do hiu sai lc Khng m sanh khi t kin. Nh ngi v ham li m bt rn dc; khng bit kho

bt, tr li b n lm hi. Cng nh ch thut, mun lm iu g m khng th kho thnh, tt tr li t hi. Ngi n cn qun php khng cng nh th. Li na: Th Tn bit php y, Tng thm thm vi diu; n cn khng th t, Th nn chng mun ni. [12] c Th Tn i vi php thm thm vi diu, chng phi k n cn c th hiu; th nn khng mun ni. Li na: ng ni ti chp Khng, M bo ti sai lm. Sai lm m ng ni, Khng c trong Tnh khng. [13] ng ni ti v chp Khng l ti c li. Nhng tnh Khng m ti tuyn b l Khng cng khng, nn chng c li nh th. Li na: Bi v c ngha khng, Tt c php c thnh. Nu khng c ngha khng, Nht thit php khng thnh. [14] V c ngha khng nn tt c php th gian v Xut th gian u tu thnh. Nu khng c ngha Khng th khng tu thnh.

Li na: Nay ng t c li, M xoay v cho ti. Nh ngi ci lng nga, T qun mnh ang ci! [15] ng i trong php C, c nhng li lm khng th t bit; m i trong php Khng li thy li ti. Nh ngi ci trn lng nga m qun con nga ang ci. V sao? Nu ng thy cc php, c tnh quyt nh y; Tc l thy cc php, Khng nhn cng khng duyn. [16] ng ni cc php c tnh quyt nh; nu th, tt thy cc php khng nhn, khng duyn. Ti sao? Nu php c tnh quyt nh th l ra khng sanh khng dit. Php nh th cn g n nhn duyn? Nu cc php t nhn duyn khi th khng c t tnh. Nhng php y quyt nh c t tnh th khng nhn duyn. Nu ni cc php quyt nh tr t tnh, th th khng ng. V sao? Tc l ph nhn qu, Tc, tc gi, tc php. Cng l hoi tt c, Sanh dit ca vn vt. [17] Cc php c tnh c nh th khng c nhng iu nhn qu v.v. Nh bi tng ni: Php do cc duyn sanh,

Ti ni l khng, Cng chnh l gi danh, Cng l ngha Trung o. [18] Cha tng c mt php, Chng t nhn duyn sanh. Th nn tt c php, Khng g khng phi Khng. [19] Php do cc duyn sanh, ti ni tc l khng. V sao? Cc duyn y ha hip pht sanh s vt. S vt y thuc cc duyn, nn khng c th tnh. V khng t tnh nn khng. Ci Khng cng khng, ch v dn o chng sanh dng gi danh m ni. La hai bn c v khng gi l Trung o. Bi php y khng t tnh khng th ni C. V cng chng c ci Khng nn chng c ni khng. Nu php c th tnh v tht tng th khng i cc duyn m c. Nu khng nh cc duyn th khng c php. Th nn chng c php bt khng. Php Khng m ng ch trch l sai lm trn, sai lm y nay tr v ng. V sao? Nu tt c bt khng, Th khng c sanh dit. Nh th l khng c, Php bn Thnh y. [20] Nu tt c php mi mi c th tnh, khng phi l khng, th khng c sanh dit. V khng sanh, khng dit nn khng c php bn Thnh . V sao? Nu khng t duyn sanh, Lm th no c kh? Ngha kh l v thng, nh tnh chng v thng. [21]

Nu khng t duyn sanh th khng c kh. V sao? Kinh ni v thng l ngha kh. Nu kh c tnh quyt nh, lm sao c v thng, v n khng b mt t tnh. Li na: Nu kh c t tnh, Lm sao t tp sanh? Th nn khng c tp, Bi v ph ngha Khng. [22] Nu kh quyt nh c t tnh th khng th sanh na, v trc c. Nu vy, khng c Tp , v ng ph hy ngha khng. Li na: Kh nu c nh tnh, Th khng nn c dit. ng chp tnh c nh, Tc ph ngha Dit . [23] Kh nu c tnh c nh th khng th dit. V sao? Tnh, tt khng hoi dit. Li na: Nu kh, tnh c nh, Th khng c tu o. o c th tu tp, Th tnh khng c nh. [24]

Php nu c tnh c nh th khng c tu o. V sao? Nu php tht tc l thng. Thng nn khng th thm. Nu o c th tu tt khng c tnh c nh. Li na: Nu khng c Kh , V khng Tp, Dit . Th o dit tr kh, S i n ch no? [25] Cc Php nu trc c tnh c nh th khng c Kh, Tp, Dit . Vy nay o dit kh s dn n ch dit kh no? Li na: Nu kh c nh tnh, T trc gi khng thy. Nay y lm sao thy, V tnh kia khng khc. [26] Nu trc kia khi cn l phm phu, khng th thy tnh kh, nay cng khng th thy. Ti sao? V khng thy tnh c nh. Li na: Nh thy Kh, khng ng, on Tp v chng Dit, Tu o v chng qu, Cng u l khng ng. [27] Nh t tnh trc Kh trc khng th thy, sau cng khng nn thy. Nh th cng khng nn c on Tp, chng Dit, tu o. V sao? Tnh ca

Tp y, t trc ti gi khng on, nay cng khng th on. V t tnh th khng th b on. Dit t trc n gi khng chng, nay cng khng th chng, v t trc n gi khng chng. o khng th tu, v t trc n gi khng tu. Th nn bn hnh tng ca bn Thnh l kin, on, chng v tu, u khng th c. V bn hnh tng khng, bn o Qu cng khng. V sao? Tnh bn o Qu y, Trc gi khng th c. Nu cc php nh tnh, Nay lm sao kh c? [28] Nu cc php c tnh c nh, bn qu Sa mn trc gi cha chng c, nay lm th no c th chng c? Nu c th chng c, th tnh khng c nh. Li na: Nu khng c t qu, Th khng c c, Hng. V khng c Tm, Thnh, Nn khng c Tng bo. [29] V khng c bn qu Sa mn nn khng c c qu, hng qu. V khng c tm bc Hin Thnh nn khng c Tng bo; m kinh ni tm bc Hin Thnh l Tng bo. Li na: V khng bn Thnh , Cng khng c Php bo. Khng Php bo,Tng bo, Lm sao c Pht bo.[30]

Tu hnh bn Thnh c php Nit-bn. Nu khng c bn Thnh th khng c Php bo. Khng c hai bo, lm th no c Pht bo? ng bng nhn duyn nh th m ni cc php c tnh c nh, tt l ph hoi Tam bo: Hi: ng tuy ph cc php, nhng cu cnh o V thng Chnh ng Chnh gic nn c, v nhn o y m gi l Pht. p: Ni th th, chng phi Nhn B c Pht. Cng khng phi nhn Pht M c o B . [31] ng ni cc php c tnh c nh th khng nn nhn B m c Pht; nhn Pht[5] c B ; v hai tnh y thng quyt nh. Li na; Tuy l cn tinh tn, Tu hnh o B . Nu trc khng Pht tnh, Chng th c Pht qu. [32] Do v trc khng c tnh, nh st khng c tnh cht ca vng, tuy c luyn lc theo nhiu cch, nhng khng th thnh vng. Li na: Nu cc php bt khng, Khng ngi to ti phc. Bt khng tc dng g?

Bi v kia nh tnh. [33] Nu cc php Bt khng, th khng bao gi c ngi to ti, tu phc. Ti sao? V tnh ti phc trc c nh, li do khng c tc, tc gi. Li na: ng cho trong ti phc, Khng sanh qu bo y. Th th la ti phc, M c cc qu bo? [34] ng cho rng trong nhn duyn ca ti phc, thy u khng c qu bo; th th la nhn duyn ca ti phc m c qu bo. Ti sao? V qu bo khng i nhn m pht hin. Hi: La ti phc c th khng c qu bo thin, c, nhng t ti phc c qu bo thin, c. p: Nu ni t ti phc, M pht sanh qu bo. Qu t ti phc sanh, Lm sao ni bt khng. [35] Nu la ti phc th khng c qu thin, c; vy lm th no ni qu l bt khng? Nu vy, la tc v tc gi th khng ti phc: trn ng ni cc php bt khng, iu y khng ng. Li na: ng ph tt c php, Cc nhn duyn, ngha khng;

Cng hy ph tt c, Cc php th tc khc. [36] ng, nu bc b nht ngha khng ca cc php do nhn duyn, th cng ph tt c php th tc. Ti sao? Nu hy ph ngha khng, Tc l khng to tc. Khng tc m c tc, Khng tc gi tc gi. [37] Nu ph ngha khng th tt c qu u khng c nhn. Li, ci khng to tc m to tc. Li na, tt c tc gi khng th c s tc g c. Li na, la tc gi nn c nghip, c qu bo, c th gi. Song nhng iu y khng ng. Th nn khng th bc b Khng. Li na: Nu c tnh c nh, Mi tng trng th gian. S khng sanh khng dit, Thng tr m khng hoi. [38] Nu cc php c tnh c nh, th mi tng trng sai bit ca th gian nh tri, ngi, sc sanh, vn vt, u nn khng sanh, khng dit, thng tn khng hoi dit. Ti sao? V c tht tnh nn khng th bin i. Nhng hin thy vn vt u c tng bin i sanh dit bin d, th nn khng th c tnh c nh. Li na; Nu m chng c Khng, Cha c khng th c;

Cng khng on phin no, Cng chng vic kh tn. [39] Nu chng c php khng, th nhng cng c th gian v xut th gian vn cha chng c u khng th chng c; cng khng nn c on phin no v khng c s dit tn kh. Ti sao? V tnh c nh. Th nn trong kinh ni, Nu thy php nhn duyn. Th l hay thy Pht, Thy Kh, Tp, Dit, o.[6] [40] Nu ngi thy tt c php u t cc duyn m sanh khi; ngi y tc thy php thn Pht, thm ln tr tu, c th thy c bn Thnh Kh, Tp, Dit, o. Thy bn Thnh , chng c bn Thnh qu, dit nhng kh no; bi th khng nn hy ph ngha Khng. Nu ph ngha Khng tc ph php nhn duyn. Ph php nhn duyn th ph Tam bo. Nu hy ph Tam bo tc l t ph hy mnh. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1] Chng ny t li vn l c T Thnh hay khng? Bi l tt c php u khng, trong y c php t diu . Kh, tp, dit v o. Nu cho rng T Thnh l php tht c th thnh ra chp thng. Tht c tc l do nh tnh. C nh tnh th n khng th thay i, khng thay i th khi ngi hiu bit kh, h cn phi tu tp, dit kh, chng Nit-bn khng thnh vn , v kh n c nh tnh, thay i, on dit. Tp , dit v o cng vy, u c nh tnh c, c tu hay khng tu, n vn nh th khng i thay. Nu ni rng T Thnh khng c. y l chp on. T Thnh thuc Php bo, nu Php bo khng c th Tng bo v Pht bo cng khng. Tng bo l nhn vt thc hnh gio php tu tp chnh l, gic php chnh l khng, tu hnh ci g m gi l Tng bo. Khng c Tng chng tu hnh th ai thnh Pht m gi l Pht bo.

[2] Tc bn qu v bn hng, gm tm bc Hin Thnh trong bn bc Thanh vn. [3] Tm Hin Thnh, tc bn qu v bn hng ni trong bi k trc. Xem cht. trn. [4] Phn: ...znyatay na tva vetsi prayojana..., v ng khng hiu mc tiu (nguyn nhn hay ng c) ca tnh khng. [5] Cc bn Tng-Nguyn-Minh: nhn Pht o. [6] Phn: yah prattyasamutpda pazytda sa pazyati, duhkha samudaya caiva nirodha mrgam eva ca, ai thy duyn khi, ngi y cng thy ci ny, l kh, tp, dit v o. ---o0o---

CHNG XXV: QUN NIT BN


Hi: Nu tt c php khng, Khng sanh cng khng dit; on ci g, dit g, M gi l Nit-bn? [1] Nu tt c php Khng th khng sanh, khng dit. Khng sanh, khng dit, th on ci g, dit ci g m gi Nit-bn? Th nn, tt c php khng th Khng. Bi v php l bt khng, cho nn on cc phin no, dit ng m gi l Nit-bn. p: Nu cc php bt khng, Th khng sanh, khng dit. on ci g, dit g,

gi l Nit-bn ?[1] [2] Nu tt c th gian l bt khng, khng c sanh dit; on ci g, dit g m gi l Nit-bn? Th nn, hai cnh ca c v khng chng m vo Nit-bn. c gi l Nit-bn: Khng c cng khng n[2], Khng on cng khng thng; Khng sanh cng khng dit, y gi l Nit-bn. [3] Khng c, khng c g l s c i vi hnh v i vi qu. Khng n, l khng ch no t n. Khng on, l nm m t trc n gi rt ro Khng; khi c o, nhp V d Nit-bn cng khng c ci b on tr. Khng thng l, nu c php no c th phn bit c tc gi l thng. Nit-bn l tch dit, khng c php no c th phn bit, nn khng gi thng. Sanh dit cng vy. Tng nh th gi l Nit-bn. Li na, Kinh ni Nit-bn chng phi c; chng phi khng; chng phi va c va khng; chng phi va chng c va chng khng. i tt c php m khng th, ni tm tch dit; l Nit-bn. V sao? Nit-bn khng gi c, c tc tng lo t. Khng h c php c, La tng lo t ra.[3] [4] Nhn thy thc t rng tt c vn vt u sanh dit, l tng gi cht. Nitbn nu c th cng phi c tng gi cht. Song iu y khng ng. Cho nn Nit-bn khng gi l c. Li khng thy la sanh t ring c php c nh no gi l Nit-bn. Nu Nit-bn l C, tc c tng sanh dit, gi cht. Bi v la tng gi cht m gi l Nit-bn. Li na: Nu Nit-bn l hu,

Nit-bn tc hu vi. Khng c php hu no, M gi l v vi. [5] Nit-bn chng phi l hu. V sao? Tt c vn vt t cc duyn sanh khi, u l hu vi khng c mt php no gi l v vi. Tuy php thng hng c gi danh l v vi, nhng dng l suy xt, php v thng cn khng c hung l php thng hng. V khng th thy, khng th c. Li na: Nu Nit-bn l hu, Lm sao gi v th[4]? Khng c mt php no, Chng t th m hu.[5] [6] Nu ni Nit-bn l php c (hu th) th kinh tt khng nn ni V th l Nit-bn, V sao? Chng c php c (hu th) no khng c th m hin hu. Th nn Nit-bn chng phi c (hu th). Hi: Nu c chng phi Nit-bn th khng l Nit-bn chng? p: C[6] cn chng Nit-bn, Hung l khng[7] y ! Nit-bn khng c Hu, Ch no s c V? [7] Nu c (hu) chng phi Nit-bn th khng (v) lm sao l Nit-bn? V sao? Nhn c hu nn c v; nu khng ci hu lm g c ci v. Nh kinh ni, Trc c nay khng th gi khng (v). Nit-bn khng phi th. Ti sao? V chng phi l php c (hu) bin i thnh khng (v), nn ci khng (v) cng chng tr thnh Nit-bn.

Li na: Nu Nit-bn l khng(v), Lm sao ni khng th? Cha tng c v th, M gi l php khng (v)[8]. [8] Nu ni khng (v) l Nit-bn; th kinh tt khng ni, khng chp th l Nit-bn. [9] V sao? Khng c trng hp no khng chp th m c gi l php khng (v php). Th nn Nit-bn chng phi khng (v ). Hi: Nu Nit-bn chng phi hu chng phi v, th ci g l Nit-bn? p: Chp th cc nhn duyn, Lun chuyn trong sanh t. Khng th cc nhn duyn, y gi l Nit-bn[10]. [9] Bi khng bit nh tht nhng in o, nhn nm th m m qua li trong sanh t. V bit nh tht cc th in o th khng tr li chp th nm th m qua li sanh t. Do nm m vn khng t tnh chng cn tip ni tr li, gi l Nit-bn. Li na: Nh trong kinh Pht dy: on hu, on phi hu. Th nn bit, Nit-bn Chng c cng chng khng. [10]

Hu ch cho ba ci. Phi hu ch cho s on dit ca ba ci. Pht dy on tr hai s ny, nn bit Nit-bn chng phi hu cng chng phi v.

Hi: Nu hu hay v u khng chng phi l Nit-bn, nay hu v v chung hip, l Nit-bn chng? p: Ni s hu v v, Hip li thnh Nit-bn. hu, v tc gii thot, iu y th khng ng. [11] Nu ni s hp nht hu v v l Nit-bn; tc l hp nht hai iu hu v v thnh gii thot; iu y khng ng. V sao? Hai s th hu v v tri nhau, lm th no cng tn ti mt ch? Li na: Nu ni hu v v, Hip li thnh Nit-bn. Nit-bn phi v th, Hai s t th sanh. [12] Nu hu v v hip thnh Nit-bn th kinh khng nn ni Nit-bn l v th. V sao? Hai iu hu v v t th m sanh, i i nhau m c; th nn hai iu hu v v chng th hip thnh Nit-bn. Li na: Hu, v chung hip thnh, Lm sao gi Nit-bn?

Nit-bn l v vi, Hu v l hu vi. [13] Hai s th hu v v chung hip khng th gi Nit-bn. Nit-bn l v vi. Hu v v l hu vi. Th nn hu v v chng phi Nit-bn. Li na: Hai s hu, v hip, Lm sao l Nit-bn? Hai s khng cng ch, Nh sng, ti bt ng. [14] Hai iu hu v v, chng th gi Nit-bn, V sao? Hu v v mu thun nhau, khng th c chung mt ch. Nh sng v ti khng cng chung. Th nn, lc c th chng th khng, khi khng th chng th c. Lm th no C v Khng chung hip m gi Nit-bn? Hi: Nu hu v v chung hip chng phi Nit-bn; nay chng phi hu chng phi v, nn l Nit-bn chng? p: Nu phi hu phi v, Gi l Nit-bn; Phi hu phi v ny, Do u m phn bit? [15] Nu Nit-bn l phi hu phi v; phi hu phi v ny do u m phn bit? Th nn, phi hu phi v l Nit-bn, iu y khng ng. Li na: Phn bit phi hu v,

Nh th l Nit-bn. Nu hu, v thnh tu, Phi hu phi v thnh. [16] ng phn bit phi hu phi v l Nit-bn; iu y khng ng. V sao? Nu hu v m thnh nhin phi hu phi v mi tu thnh. Tri hn vi hu gi l v; tri hn vi v gi l hu. Hu v y, trong c ngha th ba ph. V khng c hu v, lm th no c phi hu phi v? Th nn, Nit-bn chng phi phi hu, chng phi phi v. Li na: Nh Lai sau dit , Khng ni C cng Khng. Cng khng ni C Khng, Chng C v chng Khng. [17] Nh Lai ang hin ti, Khng ni C cng Khng. Cng khng ni C khng. Chng C v chng Khng. [18] Nh Lai sau khi dit , hoc ang hin ti, m ni rng c Nh Lai, khng c tha nhn[11]; ni rng khng c Nh Lai, cng khng c tha nhn; va c Nh Lai va khng c Nh Lai, cng khng c tha nhn; chng phi c Nh Lai, chng phi khng Nh Lai cng khng c tha nhn. Bi v khng chp th, khng nn phn bit Nit-bn l hu hay v. La Nh Lai ra, ai s chng c Nit-bn? Khi no, u? bng php g m ni c Nit-bn? Th nn, tt c thi, v mi cch, tm tng Nit-bn khng th c. Li na: Nit-bn cng th gian,

Khng c cht phn bit. Th gian v Nit-bn, Cng khng cht phn bit. [19] V nhn duyn nm m tng tc qua li m gi l th gian. Tnh ca nm m hon ton khng, khng chp th, tch dit; ngha ny trc ni. Bi v tt c php khng sanh, khng dit; nn th gian khng khc bit Nitbn; Nit-bn cng khng khc bit th gian. Li na: Tht t ca Nit-bn, V tht t Th gian.[12] Nh th hai tht t Khng ho ly sai bit. [20] Cu cnh tm k, tht t ca Nit-bn v th gian u l bin t v sanh; bi v bnh ng, bt kh c, khng ho ly sai bit. Li na: Sanh dit, c hay khng, Hu bin, thng vn vn. Kin chp y Nit-bn, i qu kh, v lai. [21] Nh Lai sau khi dit , Nh Lai tn ti, hay Nh Lai khng tn ti, hay Nh Lai va tn ti va khng tn ti, hay Nh lai chng phi va tn ti va khng tn ti. Th gian l hu bin; th gian l v bin; th gian va hu bin va v bin; th gian chng hu bin chng v bin. Th gian l thng; th gian l v thng; th gian va thng va v thng; th gian chng phi va thng va v thng. Ba th ny cng thnh mi hai kin chp. Nh Lai sau khi dit , c hay khng cc th, bn kin chp ny y trn Nit-bn m sanh khi. Th gian hu bin, v bin cc th, bn kin

chp, y i v lai pht khi; th gian Thng, V Thng v.v.. 4 kin chp ny y theo i qu kh sanh khi. Nh Lai sau khi dit cn tn ti hay khng tn ti, khng th nhn thc c. Nit-bn cng nh th. Nh th gian tin t, hu t, hu bin, v bin, hu thng, v thng cc th; u khng th nhn thc. Nit-bn cng vy. Th nn ni, Th gian v Nit-bn v.v.. khng c sai bit. V ht thy php Khng, No c bin, v bin. Va bin va v bin, Chng hu chng v bin. [22] Ci g l nht, d? No c thng, v thng, Va thng va v thng, Phi thng, phi v thng. [23] Cc php bt kh c, Dit tt c h lun. Khng ngi cng khng x, Pht cng khng tuyn thuyt. [24] Tt c php, tt c thi, tt c mi th, u t cc duyn sanh, cu cnh l Khng, nn khng c t tnh. Trong cc php nh th, ci g l hu bin? ci g l v bin? ai l v bin? ci g va hu bin va v bin? ci g l phi hu bin phi v bin? ai l phi hu bin phi v bin? ci g l thng? ai thng? ci g l v thng; va thng va v thng; phi thng phi v thng? ai l phi thng phi v thng? Sao l thn tc ng; sao l thn khc ng? Nh th trong tt c su mi hai th t kin cu knh Khng, thy u bt kh c, nhng g l s c u dt bt, mi h lun u dit. V hy dit h lun nn khng t tht tng cc php, t c con ng an n.

T chng Nhn duyn cho n y, phn bit qun st cc php, hu cng khng; v cng khng; hu v cng khng; phi hu phi v cng khng; gi tht tng cc php, cng gi l Chn nh, l Php tnh, l Tht t, l Nit-bn. Th nn Nh Lai khng thi gian, khng x s, v ngi ni Nit-bn l tng c nh, th nn ni: Nhng g l s c u dt bt, mi h lun hy dit. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1] Nit-bn ting Phn gi l Nirvana. VANA ngha l dc vng au kh, nh th Nit-bn l ni an tnh tuyt i. Ni th chng ta ng ngh Nitbn c mt cnh gii ring c v tr thanh tnh an lc. Nit-bn c nhn thc bng chn khng (Snya), n khng nm trong ci hu hay v, siu vit i i. V phng tin i vi chng sanh m c Pht dng ngn ng din t th no l cnh gii Nit-bn. Chng ta nh gii thch hiu bit c th Nit-bn. Do khng nn ngh ngn ng l c hay khng. Nh ngi dng ngn tay ch mt tri ngi khc trng mt tri. Ngn tay ngi ch, khng phi mt tri, song nh ngn tay ch mt tri, ngi khc c th nng ni nhn hng mt tri. Khi trng thy r mt tri ri, th ngn tay kia khng cn dng na. [2] Hn: v c dic v ch. Bt nh ng: v thi dic v c. Phn: apraham asamprptam, khng c ci g b on tr, khng c ci g c chng c. [3] sau khi c Nh Lai nhp Nit-bn, ngha l tr v bn tnh tch tnh, chng sanh sinh nhiu vng chp, ni Nit-bn, cnh gii Nit-bn thng tr v bin. Nit-bn khc vi th gian v.v. tt c bn bc nh th no cng u sai lm. V Nh Lai Nit-bn l ly ngn ng vn t, ly tm duyn tng, bt kh c, bt kh t ngh. Nh Kinh Kim Cang Bt Nh ni: Nit-bn v Nit-bn th danh Nit-bn, ng v s tr nhi sanh k tm. [4] Hn: v th. Phn: anupdya, khng chp th; khng y ch (cc un). [5] Hn dch ca Bt-nh ng: Nit-bn nhc hu th, vn h th v nhn? Dic v hu nht php, ly nhn nhi c hu, Nit-bn nu l hu th, lm sao li khng nhn? Cng khng mt php no, khng cn nhn m hin hu. Phn: bhvaz ca yadi nirvam anupdya tat katha, nirva nnupdya kazcid bhvo hi vidyate, Nu Nit-bn l hu th, lm sao ci

li khng chp th (khng y ch)? Khng c bt c hu th khng chp th no c nhn thc nh l Nit-bn. [6] Hn: hu. Phn: bhva (hu th). [7] Hn: v. Phn: abhva: v th. [8] Hn dch ca Bt nh ng: Nhc Nit-bn v th, vn h th v nhn, Nit-bn nu l v th, lm sao li l v nhn? Phn: nirva na hy abhvo sti yo nupdya vidyate, Nit-bn l v th nn hon ton khng phi l v th. V cch dng t updya (v anupdya) trong bn Phn, v cch dch ca bn Hn, xem cht. 1 tr. 150 chng XXII. [9] Hn: Bt th danh Nit-bn. Xem Pali, Sn. 638: anupdya nibbuto, Sau khi khng cn chp th (khng th trc hay khng s y), v y chng tch dit (tc Nit-bn). [10] Bt nh ng: Nhc v nhn v duyn, th danh vi Nit-bn. Phn: so prattynu- pdya nirvam upadiwyate, Khng l thuc cc duyn, khng cn chp th, ci c ni l Nit-bn. [11] Hn: bt th; cng hiu l khng chp th. [12] Phn: nirvasya ca y koih koih sasarasya ca: bin t ca Nit-bn v bin t ca sanh t. ---o0o---

CHNG XXVI: QUN THP NH NHN DUYN.


Hi: ng thuyt con ng nht ngha bng php i tha. Nay ti mun nghe php Thanh vn vo o nht ngha. Chng sanh b si ph, V sau khi ba hnh. Bi v khi ba hnh, Theo hnh vo su no[1] Do nhn duyn cc hnh,

Thc th thn su o. [1] V do cc thc nhim, Tng trng ni danh sc. [2] V danh sc tng trng, Nhn sanh su nhp. Tnh, trn,thc ha hip, M sanh ra su xc.[2] [3] V nhn ni su xc, Lin sanh khi ba th. Bi do sanh ba th, M pht sanh kht i. [4] Nhn i c bn th, Nhn th nn c hu. Nu th y khng th, Th gii thot khng hu. [5] T hu m c sanh, T sanh c lo t. T lo t m c, u bi cc kh no. [6] Nh th tt c s, u t sanh m c.

Ch l do nhn duyn, T tp i kh m. [7] y gi l sanh t, Cn bn ca cc hnh. To tc l v minh, Ngi tr khng to tc. [8] V do ci ny dit, Nn ci y khng sanh. Ch l t kh m, Nh th l chnh dit. [9] Phm phu v b v minh lm m ti. Vi ba nghip thn, khu, m sanh khi cc hnh dn vo su no to thnh thn i sau. S pht khi su hnh c ba bc, thng, trung, h. Thc i vo su no, ty theo hnh m th thn. Do bi nhn duyn thc m nhim m c danh sc t tp. V danh sc t tp, nn c su nhp. Do nhn duyn su nhp m pht khi su xc. Bi nhn duyn su xc, m c ba th. V nhn duyn ba th m pht sanh kht i. Do nhn duyn kht i, m c bn th. Khi chp th bn th, do thn, khu, khi nghip ti phc, khin cho c tng tc ca ba ci i sau. T hu m c sanh; t sanh m c lo t; t lo t m c u bi kh no, mi s au kh, ch l t tp ca kh m. Th nn k phm phu v tr khi cn bn ca cc hnh dn n sanh t ny. Ngi tr khng khi nhng hnh . Do thy bit nh tht nn v minh dit. Do v minh dit, cc hnh cng dit. Bi nhn duyn dit nn qu cng dit. Nh th, tu tp Tr qun mi hai nhn duyn sanh dit, nn s y dit. Do s y dit, cho n, sanh, lo t, u bi, i kh m, u nh tht chnh dit. Chnh dit l cu cnh dit tn. Ngha mi hai nhn duyn sanh dit y, nh trong Kinh, Lun ni rng. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1] Phn Qun Thp nh nhn duyn c tnh cch quan trng trong b T.Q.L. nhng v chng I Qun nhn duyn trc kia Ngi Thanh Mc

lun bn nhiu v vn Nhn duyn ri nn chng ny ch gii thch s lc nhng t ng v Php s m thi. Mi hai nhn duyn l: v minh, hnh,thc, danh sc, lc nhp, xc, th, i, th, sanh v lo t. [2] Ba nghip l thn khu v . Su ng l ng qu, sc sanh, Thin, Nhn, A tu la, sc: l sc php. Tm l th, Tng, hnh v thc. Su th xc: Ch su cn tip xc su trn m c cm xc: thy, nghe, ngi, nm, xc v php. Ba th: l kh th, lc th v x th. Bn i th: Dc th, ng th, kin th v gii cm th. Ngun gc sanh t l v minh. Khi v minh on dit, th cc kh phin no ng m theo tiu dit ht. ---o0o---

CHNG XXVII: QUN T KIN


Hi: nghe php i tha ph t kin, nay mun nghe php Thanh vn ph t kin. p: Ti i qu kh, L c hay l khng? Th gian thng, cc kin, u y i qu kh.[1] [1] Ti i v lai, L tc, l v tc. Chp hu bin, v bin, u y i v lai. [2] Nay ti i qu kh l c hay l khng? L va c va khng? l chng phi c chng phi khng? gi l nhng kin chp thng v.v.. ;u y i qu kh. Ti i v lai l to tc hay khng to tc? L va to tc va khng to tc? chng phi to tc chng phi khng to tc? y l nhng t

kin hu bin, v bin v.v.. cn c i v lai. Nhng t kin nh th, bi nhn duyn g m gi t kin? iu y nay s ni: i qu kh c ti, iu y khng th c. Ti trong i qu kh, Khng lm ti i nay. [3] Nu ni ng tc th, M thn c tng khc. Nu nh la thn ny, Ch no ring c ng?[2] [4] La thn khng, c ng, iu y l thnh. Nu ni thn tc ng, Hoc u khng c ng.[3] [5] Nhng thn khng l ng, V thn tng sanh dit. Lm sao cho ci th, M lm thnh Th gi? [6] Nu la thn c ng, iu y tt khng ng. Khng th m c ng, Nhng tht khng th c. [7]

Nhng nay khng la th, M chng phi chnh th. Chng khng th chng khng, y tc ngha quyt nh. [8] Ti c mt trong i qu kh; iu y tt khng ng. V sao? Ti trong i trc, khng phi l ti hin nay. V c li v thng hng. Nu chp thng c th v lng li. V sao? Nh ngi do nhn duyn tu phc lm tri sau lm ngi; nu ti i trc tc l ti i nay th tri tc l ngi. Li, v ngi bi nhn duyn gy nghip ti li lm Chin--la, sau lm B-la-mn; nu ti i trc tc l ti hin nay th Chin--la tc l B-la-mn. Th nh ngi B-la-mn nc X-v tn l -t i n thnh Vng x n cng gi l -t, khng v n thnh Vng x m c tn khc. Nu trc lm tri sau lm ngi, thi tri tc l ngi, Chin-la tc B-la-mn. Song iu y khng ng. V sao? Tri khng phi l ngi, Chin--la khng phi l B-la-mn. C nhng li v s thng hng nh vy. Nu ni ti i trc khng tr thnh ti hin nay, nh ngi khi git o gi l ngi git, khi ct c gi l ngi ct; nhng ngi git cng ngi ct tuy hnh ng c khc nhng thn khng khc. Nh th, ti khi th thn tri gi l tri, ti lc th thn ngi gi l ngi, ti khng khc m thn c khc. iu y khng ng. V sao? Nu chnh l ngi, khng th ni tri lm ngi. Nay ngi git y v ngi ct c l khc hay l khng khc? Nu khng khc ngi git y tc l ngi ct c, nh th tri i trc chnh l ngi, Chin--la, chnh l B-la-mn, nu th ti cng c li thng. Nu l khc, ngi git y, tc khng tr thnh ngi ct c, nh th, tri khng tr thnh ngi, ti cng v thng. V thng th khng c tng ti; th nn khng c ni chnh l (tc th). Hi: Ti chnh l mt, song v nhn bi th m phn bit l tri, l ngi. Th l thn ng m; v nhn duyn nghip cho nn phn bit l tri, l ngi, l Chin--la l B-la-mn m ti tht chng phi tri, ngi, Chin--la, B-la-mn. Th nn, khng c nhng sai lm nh vy. p: iu y khng ng. V sao? Nu thn l l tri, l ngi, l Chin-la l B-la-mn ch chng phi l ti, tt khi la thn m c ng ring bit. Nay to ti phc, sanh t qua li, u chnh l thn y m chng phi l ti.

V nhn duyn to ti b a trong ba no. L do nhn duyn lm phc c sanh vo ba ng lnh. Nu nhng bun, vui, gin, mng, lo s v.v.. u l thn y m chng phi l ti th cn c ti lm g? Nh tr ti k th tc, khng lin h ngi xut gia. Nhn duyn ng m tng tc ti phc khng mt cho nn c gii thot. Nu u l thn y nhng chng phi l ti, th cn c ti lm g? Hi: Ti phc v.v.. l y ch ng; v ng c s tri, thn khng s tri, tri tc l ng. Nhn duyn khi nghip ti, phc l php to, nn bit phi c tc gi. Tc gi l ng, thn l s dng ca ng cng l ni s tr ca ng. Th nh ng ch nh dng c, nc, t, bn, gch v.v.. lm nh, ty theo s a thch ca mnh m xy dng ngi nh c tt hay xu; ng cng nh th, ty theo s to tc, tu thin v.v.. m c thn tt, xu. Su ng sanh t u do ng to nn, th nn, thn ti phc u thuc ng. V nh ngi nh ch thuc ca ng ch nh, khng thuc ngi khc. p: D y khng ng. Ti sao? V ng ch nh c hnh tng, c xc chm, c kh lc cho nn c th sa sang nh. Ng m ng ni khng c hnh dng, xc chm nn khng c sc to tc. T n khng c sc to tc cng khng th bo ngi khc to tc. Nu trong th gian c mt php no khng hnh tng, khng xc chm m c th to tc c th ti c th tin nhn, bit c tc gi; song iu y khng ng. Nu ng l tc gi th l ra khng nn t to nhng vic kh; nu l ngi ngh nh, nn ngh iu vui thch khng th qun mt. Nu ng khng to kh m kh min cng sanh; th ngoi ra tt c cng t pht sanh, chng phi ci do ti to. Nu ngi thy l ti, th khi mt nhn thy sc; mt tc l ng. Nu mt thy sc nhng n khng phi l ti th tri vi li trc ca ng, ni rng ngi thy l ng. Nu ngi thy l ng; ng tt khng th nghe ra ting v.v.. Ti sao? V mt l ngi thy, khng th nghe ting vy. Th nn ni rng ng thy, iu y khng ng. Nu ni nh ngi ct c dng lim ct c, ng cng nh th, dng tay v.v.. lm cc cng vic nh vy. D y khng ng. V sao? Nay ri lim, ring c ngi ct c; nhng la thn tm, cc cn, khng th ring c tc gi. Nu ni, tc gi tuy chng phi s c cc th mt, tai v.v nhng cng c to tc, th ngi thch n c th sinh con. Nh th tt c cc cn u nn khng c ng. Nu ni, mt bn hu nhn thy s vt m mt bn tri nhn bit, nn bit ring c ngi thy; iu y khng ng. Ti sao? Nay, tay bn hu quen lm, m tay bn tri th khng th; th nn khng ring c tc gi. Nu ring c tc gi th iu m tay mt quen lm, tay tri cng lm c, m tht khng th; th nn khng c tc gi. Li na, ngi ch trng ng c to tc[4] ni rng thy ngi khc n qu me,

trong ming chy nc ming; l tng ng, iu y khng ng. Ti sao? V l nim lc, khng phi sc ca ng vy; do khng phi sc ca ng, li cng tc l nhn duyn ph ng. Nh ngi trong m ng bit h thn lc chy nc ming m nc ming vn chy; khng c t ti, nn bit khng c ng. Li na, nu c ti li in o. i trc l cha i nay l con, th cha v con, ng l mt, nhng thn c khc. Nh t mt nh n mt nh, cha vn l cha, khng do vo nh khc m c khc. Nu c ng th c hai (cha v con) tc l mt; nh th th c i li. Nu ni, v ng trong nm m tng tc; cng c li y. iu khng ng. V sao? Nm m tuy tng tc, nhng c khi hu dng, hoc c lc v dng. Nh nc nho, ngi gi gii nn ung; nhng cng nuc y em lm ru, khng nn ung; nu l ru thuc tr bnh th c ung. Nm m tng tc cng vy, c lc hu dng, c lc v dng. Nu thy chung mt ng, c li nh vy; nhng nm m tng tc khng c li nh th. Song ng m ha hip gi danh l ng, khng c quyt nh. Nh ko v n tay phi hp lm nh, ngoi n tay v ko khng ring c nh.. Cng vy, nm m ha hp cho nn c ng. Nu la nm m, tht khng ring c ng. Th nn ng ch c gi danh, khng quyt nh c tht. ng, trc ni, la th, ring c ngi chp th[5]. Do th m phn bit k chp th l tri, l ngi; y u khng ng. Nn bit, ch c th, khng ring ngi chp th. Nu la th, ring c ng, iu y khng ng. Nu la th c ng, lm th no c th c ni l tng ca ng? Nu khng c tng c th ni, th la th khng c ng. Nu ni, la thn khng c ng, nhng chnh thn l ng; iu cng khng ng. V sao? Thn c tng sanh dit, ng khng phi th. La na, lm sao cho rng th tc l ngi chp th? Nu bo, la th c ngi chp th; iu y cng khng ng. Nu khng chp th nm m m c ngi chp th th nn la nm m ring c ngi chp th. Nhn cn v.v.. kh c (c ng) m tht bt kh c; th nn ng khng la th, khng tc l th, cng chng phi khng th, cng li chng phi l khng. y l ngha quyt nh. Th nn, phi bit, i qu kh c ng, iu y khng ng. V sao? Ng qu kh khng to, iu y tt khng ng.

Ng trong i qu kh, Khc nay cng khng ng. [9] Nu ni ng c khc, La kia nn c nay. Ng tr qu kh, M ng nay t sanh. [10] Nh th th on dit, Mt ht nghip qu bo. Kia to m y th, C nhng li nh th. [12] Trc khng m nay c, Trong y cng c li. Ng tt l tc php, cng chnh l v nhn. [13] Ng trong i qu kh khng to ra ng hin nay, iu y khng ng. V sao? Ng i qu kh v ng hin nay khng khc. Nu ng ngy nay ng i qu kh khc th nn la ng kia, c ng ny. Li ng i qu kh cng nn tr , cn thn ny th t sinh ra. Nu th, ri vo cc oan on dit, mt nhng qu bo ca nghip. Li ngi kia to ti, ngi ny chu qu bo; c nhng v lng li nh th. Li, ng y, l trc khng nay c, cng c li. Ng tt l tc php (t to ra) cng l khng nhn m sanh. Th nn ng qu kh khng to ng hin nay; iu y khng ng. Li na: Nh trong i qu kh, Chp c ng khng ng.

Hoc cng hoc bt cng, iu y u khng ng. [14] Nh th, suy tm t kin lin h i qu kh: c, khng; va c va khng; chng phi c, chng phi khng; nhng t kin , trc dng mi cch ni sai lm ri, nn u khng ng. Ng i v lai, C to hay khng to; Kin chp nh th , u ng thi qu kh. [15] Ng trong i v lai l to hay khng to, bn c ngha nh th cng nh li trong i qu kh, cn phi hiu theo . Li na: Nu tri tc l ngi, l cc oan thng. Tri nh vy khng sanh; V php thng, khng sanh. [16] Nu tri tc l ngi; nh th l thng. Nu tri khng sanh vo loi ngi, lm sao c gi l ngi? V php thng, l khng sanh. Nh vy, l khng ng. Nu tri khc vi ngi, Nh th l v thng. Nu tri m khc ngi, Th tt khng tng tc. [17]

Nu tri v ngi l khc, nh th l v thng. V thng th phm cc sai lm ca cc oan on dit. Li nh trc ni. Nu tri v ngi c khc, nh th th khng tng tc. Nu c tng tc, khng c ni l khc. Li na: Nu na tri, na ngi, Th ri vo nh bin, Thng cng vi v thng; iu y th khng ng. [18] Nu chng sanh, phn na thn l tri, na thn l ngi; nu th, tt l va thng va v thng: phn na tri l thng, phn na ngi l v thng, song iu y khng th. Ti sao? V c li mt thn m hai tng. Li na: Nu thng v v thng, Hai s th m thnh; Nh th th nn thnh, Phi thng, phi v thng. [19] Nu thng v v thng, c hai u tu thnh, nhin hu mi tu thnh phi thng phi v thng, v cng vi thng v thng tri nhau. Nay tht s thng v v thng khng thnh, th nn phi thng phi v thng, cng khng thnh. Li na, hin nay sanh t v th, y cng khng thnh. V sao? Php quyt nh c n, V quyt nh c i; Sanh t tt v thy. M tht khng vic ny. [20]

Php nu quyt nh c ch n v c ch i th sanh t hn l v thy. Php y, bng tr tu m suy tm, khng th c t ch no n v s i v u; cho nn sanh t v th; iu y khng ng. Li na: Nay nu khng c thng, Lm sao c v thng? Va thng va v thng? Phi thng phi v thng? [21] Nu vy, bng tr tu m tm k, khng c php no c th c nhn thc nh l thng, th th ai s c ci v thng? V nhn bi thng m c v thng; nu c hai u khng, lm th no c va thng va v thng? Nu khng c thng v v thng, lm sao c phi thng phi v thng? V nhn va thng va v thng m c phi hu thng phi v thng. Th nn cn c i qu kh vi bn c ngha thng v.v.. l bt kh c. Y ch i v lai vi bn c ngha hu bin, v bin v.v..; iu y khng th c. V sao? Nay s ni: Hoc th gian hu bin, Lm sao c i sau? Nu th gian v bin, Lm g c i sau? [22] Nu th gian hu bin, khng th c i sau. Nhng nay tht c i sau. Vy nn, th gian hu bin, khng ng. Nu th gian v bin, cng khng th c i sau, m tht c i sau; vy nn, th gian v bin, cng khng ng. Li na, hai bin y l bt kh c. V sao? Nm m thng tng tc, Cng nh ngn n chy. V vy, nn th gian,

Khng hu bin, v bin. [23] T nm m li sanh nm m. Nm m y th t tip ni nhau, nh cc duyn ha hp c ngn n chy; nu cc duyn khng ht th ngn n khng tt; nu cc duyn ht th n tt. Th nn, khng th ni, th gian hu bin hay v bin. Li na: Nu nm m trc hoi, Khng nhn nm m ny, Li sanh nm m khc, Th gian tt hu bin. [24] Nu m trc khng hoi, Cng khng nhn m ny, M sanh nm m sau, Th gian tt v bin. [25] Nu nm m trc hoi dit, khng nhn nm m ny sanh nm m sau; nh vy, tt th gian l hu bin. Nu nm m trc hoi dit ri li khng sanh nm m khc, y gi l bin t. Bin t l thn cui cng. Nu nm m trc khng hoi dit th khng nhn nm m ny m sanh nm m sau, th gian tt v bin, y l thng. Nhng tht khng phi. Th nn, th gian v bin. iu y khng ng. Th gian c hai th, quc th gian v chng sanh th gian. y, l chng sanh th gian. Li na: Nh trong Lun T bch qun[6] ni: Php, ngi ni, ngi nghe, Ba chn tht, kh c. Nh th tt sanh t, Phi hu bin v bin. [26]

V nhn duyn khng c php chn tht, nn sanh t qua li khng c bin t. Hoc gi c khi c nghe chn php, c o; khng th ni khng bin t. Nay s li ph va hu bin va v bin. Th gian na hu bin, Th gian na v bin; Th gian va hu bin Va v bin, khng ng. [27] Nu th gian na hu bin, na v bin th c th va hu bin va v bin. Nu vy, th mt php c hai tng; iu y khng ng. V sao? Kia chp th nm m, Lm sao mt phn ph, V mt phn khng ph? iu y tt khng ng. [28] Th cng li nh th, Lm sao mt phn ph, V mt phn khng ph? iu y tt khng ng. [29] Nm m b chp th y, lm th no mt phn b ph mt phn khng b ph? Cng mt s th, khng th va thng va v thng. Th cng nh th, lm sao mt phn b ph, mt phn khng b ph? V c li v hai tng thng v v thng. Th nn, th gian va hu bin va v bin; y tt khng ng. Nay s hy ph kin chp, phi hu bin, phi v bin. Va hu bin, v bin, Hai iu y nn thnh;

Phi hu, phi v bin, iu ny mi c thnh. [30] Tri vi hu bin m c v bin; tri vi di m c ngn; tri vi ci c v khng th mi c ci va c va khng. Tri vi ci va c va khng th mi c ci phi c ci phi khng. Nu ci va hu bin va v bin quyt nh tu thnh th mi c phi hu bin phi v bin. Ti sao? V tng i vy. Trn ph c ngha th ba l va hu bin va v bin, nay lm th no c phi hu bin phi v bin? Bi v khng i i nhau. Nh th suy tm hu bin, v bin v.v.. bn kin chp y ch i v lai u khng th. Li na: V tt c php khng, Th gian thng vn vn, x no thi no, Ai khi cc kin ? [31] Trn dng php Thanh vn ph cc kin chp. Nay y trong php i tha ni cc php t xa n nay cu knh Khng tnh, trong php tnh Khng nh th, khng ngi, khng php, khng nn sanh t kin, chnh kin. X l ch t ai. Thi ch cho s ngy thng nm. Ai [7]l ch v ngi. l th ca nhng kin chp. Nu c kin chp hu thng v thng v.v.. , th quyt nh phi c ngi xut sanh kin chp ny. V ph ng cho nn khng ngi sanh khi kin chp y. Sc php c ni chn c thy bng hin thc, cn c th b ph, hung l thi gian phng s. Nu c nhng t kin th nn c quyt nh tht, nu c nh tht th khng nn ph. T trc n y dng mi cch ph; th nn phi bit kin chp khng c t th c nh, lm th no c sanh? Nh bi tng ni: Ch no, thi no, ai khi c kin chp y. i Thnh cha C-m, Thng tng ni php ny;

on tt c kin chp, Con nay ci u l. Tt c kin chp, lc ni nm th, ni rng th 62 kin chp. V on tr nhng kin chp m ni php. c i Thnh Cha C m l ngi tr tu v lng, v bin bt kh t ngh, th nn con ci u nh l. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------[1] Chng Qun T Kin l chng cui cng trong b T.Q.L. Ngi Long Th B Tt mc ch mun chng ny sau cng l mun nhc hnh gi nghin cu chn l Pht gio. S d chng sanh say m trong lc o sanh t lun hi, chnh l do nhn thc sai lm, nhn gi lm chn, thy t lm chnh, chp cc php v thng cho l thng. Nu nhn thc sai lm, cc oan thin v, th tm hn c thanh thot. Mun chm dt t kin, th phi nhn nh rng cc php u do nhn duyn sanh, khng tht c. Nh trong chng I gii by. [2] Phn: sa evtmeti tu bhaved updna viziwyate, updnavinirmukta tm te katamah punah, Nu cho rng N l t ng th th n khu bit vi th. Nu tch bit th, lm sao c t ng ca ngi? [3] .Hai cu 416, 417, Long Th B Tt em ci ng thi qu kh v thn ng hin ti v ci ng v lai, dng phn tch ci ng thi no c tht, hay khng tht. N l thng tn hay on dit; N l thuc hu bin, c gia hn, hay v bin khng ngn m? Ng qu kh c ng vi thn hay khc vi thn ng hin ti Ng qu kh hin ti, n c th to ci ng tng lai khng? Kt Lun: c Pht thuyt php gio ha, c s, c l, c tnh, c tng. ng v phng din s tng, th mun s mun vt ngoi cnh khng phi khng c. Nhng ng v l tnh, th tt c cc php l Chn khng tnh khng bao la php gii, khng php no ng ngoi m c. [4] bn: hu ng. Tng-Nguyn-Minh: hu ng tc. [5] Hn: th v th gi. [6] T bch qun lun, hay T bch lun, tc phm ca Thnh Thin (ryaDeva). Ct Tng phn vn khng bit bi tng ny do chnh Long Th t

dn hay do ngi ch gii trch dn. Trong bn Phn hin khng ghi bi k ny. [7] X, thi v ai: Cc t trong bi k c gii thch. ---o0o--HT Chn Thnh Cm T S B Thch N Chn Hin Trao Tng Th Vin Hoa Sen Cun Sch Ny Nhn Dp Ban Bin Tp n Thm S B Vo u Xun Gip Thn 2004 ti Hu (Tm Diu)

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