MOZ@C

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Marking Scheme Peperiksaan Percubaan SPM (PKPSM - Kedah) 2008
Biology 1

1 D 26 A
2 C 27 B
3 A 28 B
4 C 29 D
5 A 30 A
6 B 31 A
7 C 32 D
8 C 33 B
9 D 34 B
10 D 35 A
11 D 36 D
12 A 37 C
13 D 38 B
14 C 39 D
15 D 40 C
16 B 41 C
17 D 42 B
18 A 43 C
19 D 44 B
20 D 45 B
21 C 46 A
22 C 47 B
23 B 48 C
24 B 49 C
25 D 50 C

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Biology 2 Peperiksaan Percubaan SPM (PKPSM-Kedah) 2008
Answer Scheme

Question Sample Answer M1 M2

1 (a) (i) Organelle X : Chloroplast 1

(ii) Organelle Y : Mitochondrion 1 2
(b) P:
- P is the stroma 1
- Dark reaction takes place in the stroma 1 max
- Carbon dioxide is fixed and then reduced to form glucose 1 2

Q:
- Q is the granum 1
- Light reaction takes place in the granum 1 max
- granum trapped light energy to break down water molecule into 1 2
hydrogen ion and hydroxyl ion.

R:
- Cellular respiration takes place in R 1
- glucose is oxidized by oxygen to produce energy. 1 2

(c) - process in organelle X absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen 1

- process in organelle Y absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide 1
- process in organelle X use energy to synthesis glucose 1
- process in organelle Y break down glucose to produce energy 1 4

Total 12

2 (a) (i) - semi-permeable membrane is the membrane which only permit some 1 1
substances to move across it freely while other cannot.
(ii) - fluidity characteristics is caused by the protein molecules which are 1
floating in the phospholipids bilayer.
- the position of the molecules also keep on changing / not fixed in the 1 2
position.
(b) (i) Fatty acids , glycerol , carbon dioxide, oxygen, water – any two 1 1
(ii) - molecule Q bind with the binding site of structure X. 1
- ATP provides energy to structure X and cause structure X to change 1
its shape.
- structure X push / pump molecule Q across it. 1 3
(c) (i) Solution X : salt solution
Solution Y : distilled water
- both correct 1 1
(ii) - distilled water is hypotonic compare to the cytoplasmic fluid in the 1
red blood cells.
- osmosis takes place 1
- water molecules diffuse into red blood cell. 1
- red blood cells swell and burst / haemolysis occur 1 max
- cytoplasmic fluid of red blood cells cause the solution change into 1 4
clear red
Total 12

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Question Sample Answer M1 M2

3 (a) (i) Organ X : small intestine 1

Organ Y : liver 1 2
(ii) Molecule K : maltose 1
Molecule M : glucose 1
Enzyme L : maltase 1 3
(b) - enzyme L is highly specific, it means that it can only catalyse one 1
kind of enzyme.
- enzyme L is not used up / destroyed at the end of the process. 1 2
(c) - muscle cells need to produce a lot of energy to carry out body 1
activities / movement.
- muscle cells need molecule M to carry out cellular respiration to 1
produce energy.
- molecule M will be oxidised by oxygen to produce energy 1 3
(d) - excess blood sugar/glucose will be converted into glycogen and 1
stored in the liver.
- excessive of blood sugar may lead a person to diabetes mellitus. 1 max
- glycogen will be converted back into glucose when the glucose 1 2
level in the body drops.
Total 12

4 (a) Factor X : Vitamin K 1

Factor Y : Ion Ca2+ 1 2
(b) Structure W: Fibrin 1 1
(c) Fibrinogen is soluble plasma protein whereas structure W is fibrin 1 1
which is insoluble protein.
(d) - to prevent serious blood loss when a person is injured 1
- to prevent the entry of microorganisms and foreign particles into the 1
blood/ body through the damage blood vessels
- to maintain normal blood pressure 1 max
- to maintain circulation of blood in a closed circulatory system 1 2
(e) (i) P : Thrombus/ Cholesterol / Plaque / deposit 1 1
(ii) - Excessive cholesterol, saturated fats and calcium are deposited on 1
the inner lining of the arteries.
- Detached deposited cholesterol on the arteries wall can stimulate the 1 2
agglutination of platelets which lead to the formation of blood clot /
thrombus in the arteries to obstruct the blood flow
(f) (i) - Haemophilia 1 1
(ii) - Lack of certain blood clotting factors / factor VIII in Adam’s blood,. 1 1
(iii) - XhY 1 1
Total 12

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Question Sample Answer M1 M2

5 (a) - discontinuous variation 1

- discontinuous variation 1
- continuous variation 1 3
(b) - The differences between organism of the same species are known as 1 1
variation.
(c) Continuous variation Discontinuous variation
- caused by genetic factor and - caused by genetic factor only 1
environmental factor.
- has intermediate characteristics - no intermediate characteristics 1 max
- shows gradual differences for a - shows distinct differences for a 1 2
particular characteristics particular characteristics.
(d) (i) No 1 1
(ii) Because they are not the same species. 1 1
(iii) Lepus alleni
- has bigger ear, to increase the ratio of TSA/V 1
- to increase the rate of the heat loss from the body 1
- to bring down the body temperature in the hot environment/ habitat 1
Lepus articus
- has smaller ear, to reduce the ratio of TSA/V 1
- to slow down the rate of the heat loss from the body, 1 max
- to maintain body temperature in the cold environment / habitat. 1 4
Total 12

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Question Sample Answer M1 M2

6 (a) (i) The moth with pale, speckled wings 1 1

(ii) - The moths with dark wings are more easily spotted/detected by their 1
predators.// the moths with pale, speckled wings, are well
camouflaged by the pale bark of the trees.
- More moths with dark wings were hunted and eaten by the 1 2
predators.
(iii) - use the capture, mark, release and recapture technique 1
- capture as many moths as possible in the bush. 1
- count the captured moths. 1
- mark the moths with a small dot of Indian ink. 1
- release the moths in the same place where they were captured. 1
- after a few days, go back to the same place and capture again as 1
many moths as possible.
- count the recaptured moths, noted the number of 1
moths which had been marked. max
- population size = (a x b) / c 1 7
a = the number of the moths in the first capture.
b = the number of the moths in the second capture.
c = the number of marked moths in the second capture.

(b) (i) Abiotic component : gradient / steepness of the slope 1

Biotic component : small insects/animals 1 2
(ii) - The steepness of the slope in Zone A is higher than Zone B. 1
- In Zone A, steep slope cause rapid drainage and run-off. 1
- the soil layer in Zone A is thinner and drier. 1
- Zone A has less plants compare to Zone B 1

- Zone B has higher population of small animals than zone A. 1

- small animal like the earthworm feed on the rotten /dead/ plants / 1
leaves
- the activities of earthworm increase the organic substances/fertility 1
in the soil
- organic substances makes the soil in zone B more suitable/fertile for 1 8
plants to growth.
Total 20

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7 (a)
F1 Excess mineral salts can cause higher osmotic pressure in the blood 1m
P1 Higher osmotic pressure can cause high blood pressure in the blood. 1m
F2 Excess fats will be converted into cholesterol 1m
P2 Cholesterol accumulates at the artery wall and cause arteriosclerosis 1m
P3 High blood cholesterol levels are a risk factor for heart attack and stroke. 1m
F3 Excess protein cause excess amino acids which lead to gout. 1m
P4 and cause kidney failure. 1m
F4 Low in roughage can cause constipation. 1m
P5 Deficiency in roughage also leads to difficulties in peristalsis process 1m
along digestive tract
F5 Food preservatives, food colouring and food flavouring consists of 1m
carcinogenic substances. max
P6 It may cause cancer. 1m 10m
7 (b)
F1 The blood osmotic pressure of individual X is higher because of excess 1m
taking of mineral salt
P1 Pituitary gland is triggered to secrete more ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone) 1m
P2 Cells lining of distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct become more 1m
permeable to water
P3 A lot of water is reabsorbed into surrounding blood capillaries 1m
P4 through osmosis. 1m
P5 Adrenal glands is not stimulated to release Aldosterone 1m
P6 Less amount of salt be reabsorbed 1m
P7 Hence, urine produced by individual X is concentrated and in a small 1m
amount.

F2 The blood osmotic pressure of individual Y is lower because of the meal 1m

consumed is containing less salt
P8 The osmoreceptor cells in the hypothalamus are less stimulated 1m
P9 Less ADH is secreted 1m
P10 Distal convoluted tubules and collecting duct is less permeable to water. 1m
P11 Less water is reabsorbed from the filtrate 1m
P12 Adrenal glands is stimulated to release Aldosterone 1m
P13 Cells lining of distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct become more 1m
permeable to salts.
P14 Salts are actively reabsorbed into the blood capillaries 1m Max
P15 Urine produced by individual Y is dilute and large in amount. 1m 10m

Total 20 m

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NO MARKING CRITERIA MARKS

8(a) P1 The formation of identical twins involves only one ovum and one 1m
sperm while fraternal twins involve two ova and two sperms.

P2 Identical twins share the same placenta while fraternal twins have 1m
separate placentas.

P3 Identical twins have the same genetic information while fraternal 1m

twins have different genetic information.

P4 Identical twins have identical characteristics while fraternal twins do 1m

not have identical characteristics.

P5 Identical twins have the same sex while fraternal twins may not. 1m

P6 Identical twins have the same blood group while fraternal twins do 1m
not have the same blood group. _____

4 marks
[ P1 + 3 P ] = 4marks Max
[Without P1 ] = 3 marks

( b) P1 The sex in offspring is determined by the type of sperm which will 1m

fertilize the ovum.

P2 The sperm produced by the testis has 22 autosomes and one sex 1m
chromosomes /either the X chromosome or the Y chromosome// 22
+ X or 22 + Y

P3 The ovum produced in the ovary has 22 autosomes and one X 1m

chromosome .

P4 If a sperm that contains the X chromosome fertilizes the ovum, a 1m

zygote that has two X /XX chromosome is produced, that is a girl.

P5 If a sperm that contains the Y chromosomes fertilizes the ovum, a 1m

zygote containing the XY chromosome is produced, that is a boy.

P6 As fertilization occurs at random, the probability of having a male 1m

child or female child is the same / 50 %

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Parents
Phenotype Male X Female
P7
Genotype 44 + XY 44 + XX 1m

Meiosis

P8 22 + X 22 + Y 22 + X 22 + X
Gametes 1m
P9
Random
Fertilization 1m

P10 Offspring
Genotype 44 + XX 44 + XX 44 + XY 44 + XY 1m
P11
Phenotype female female male male 1m
P12
Ratio 1 female : 1 male 1m
There is an equal chance of the mother having a baby boy or a girl

[Any 10 P Max _____

10
marks
P1 Insulin is produced by the langerhans cell in the pancreas. 1m

P2 The genes that are responsible for the production of insulin are 1m
isolated from the DNA of langerhans cells / pancreatic cell.

P3 The genes are then inserted into the DNA molecule of bacteria (such 1m
as Escherichia coli .

P4 The bacterium contains a recombinant DNA with the human insulin 1m

gene

P5 The bacterium is then cultured in a suitable nutrient medium ( in 1m

laboratory).

P6 The bacterium has the gene for human insulin and able to produce 1m
human insulin

P7 The human insulin is extracted in large quantity 1m

___
[any 6 P] Max 6 marks
Total 20

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9 (a) – Ovulation releases a secondary oocyte , which 1

enters the oviduct.

- The secondary oocyte starts meiosis II which 1

progresses until metaphase II.

- The nuclei of a sperm cell (n) and the ovum (n) fuse 1
and form a diploid zygote (2n). // A sperm fertilize
the ovum to form a zygote.
1
- Zygote begins to divide repeatedly by mitosis as it
travels along the fallopian tube towards the uterus.

- Morula is form followed by blastula. 1

max
- Implantation occur / The blastocyst attaches itself to 1 4
the endometrium.

b) Sample Answer :
- Cigarette contain nicotine / DDT / lead particles. 1

- The wall of maternal blood capillaries and the wall 1

of foetal blood capillaries are semi-permeable.

- Nicotine, drugs and alcohol are small in size. 1

- Nicotine, drugs and alcohol can diffuse from 1

maternal blood capillaries to foetal blood capillaries

- through the placenta 1

- The substances carried by umbilical vein to the 1

foetus.

- Nicotine, drugs or alcohol can affect the 1

development of foetus

- (example) cause disable / miscarriage . birth defect/ 1 Max

illness in the resulting baby. 6

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(c) (i) - Method A is known as in-vitro fertilization (IVF) 1
- Method A is use if the fallopian tubes of Mrs. Ali are 1
blocked.
- sperm cannot reach the ovum, fertilization fail to occur. 1
- fertilization has to be done outside the body. 1
- developed zygote/embryo then retransfer and implant in 1
the uterus of Mrs. Ali. Max
- the embryo then undergo normal development in the uterus 1 5
of Mrs. Ali as normal pregnancy.

(c) (ii) - Method B is used if the uterus of Mrs. Ali fail to carry the 1
implanted embryo because of damaged or abnormal
uterus.
- Madam X is the woman who is willing / hired to carry the 1
implanted embryo to full term.
- Madam X is known as surrogated mother. 1
- Genetically the baby belongs to Mr. and Mrs. Ali. 1
- Who is the real biological mother of the baby, Mrs. Ali or 1
Madam X? Max
- There are cases that the surrogated mother refuse to return 1 5
the baby to the couple after giving birth.

Total 20

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Marking Scheme Peperiksaan Percubaan SPM (PKPSM - Kedah) 2008
Biology 3

1(a) KB0603 – Measuring dan using numbers

Score Criteria
3 Able to record all three distances with correct units
Sample answer :
Air Speed Distance of PQ
1 2.5 cm
2 5.6 cm
3 10.3 cm

2 Able to record any two distances with the correct units

1 Able to record any one distance with the correct unit
0 No response or wrong response

1(b)(i) KB0601 - Observation

Score Criteria
3 Able to state two different observations correctly
[Observations must have values for MV and RV in table 1.1 or
Comparison between two readings]
Sample answer:

1. At air speed 1, the distance moved by air bubble in 5 minutes is 2.5 cm.
2. At air speed 3, the distance moved by air bubble in 5 minutes is 10.3 cm.
3. The distance moved by air bubble in 5 minutes at air speed of 3 is greater than
the distance moved by air bubble in 5 minutes at air speed of 1.

2 Able to state two different observations inaccurately

Sample answer:

1. At air speed 1, the distance moved by air bubble in 5 minutes is the shortest.
2. At air speed 3, the distance moved by air bubble in 5 minutes is the longest.
3. Speed of fan influences the distance moved by air bubble in 5 minutes.

1 Able to state two different observations at idea level

Sample answer:

1. The air bubble moves

2. Distance the air bubble changes/ increases/ decreases

0 None of the above or No response

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Scoring For Observation and Inference

Correct Inaccurate Idea Wrong Score

2 - - - 3
1 1 - - 2
- 2 - -
1 - 1 -
- - 2 -
1 - - 1 1
- 1 1 -
- 1 - 1
- - 1 1 0

1(b)(ii) KB0604 – Making inference

Score Criteria
3 Able to state two different inferences correctly
Sample answer:

1. In low speed of fan/ at air speed 1, low air movement causes low rate of
transpiration.
2. In high speed of fan/ at air speed 3, high air movement causes high rate of
transpiration.
3. Transpiration rate at air speed 3 is higher than air speed 1.
4. The higher the rate of air movement/ air speed, the higher the rate of
transpiration.
5. At air speed 1, the distance of 2.5 cm traveled by the bubble is caused by
low rate of transpiration in the shoot

2 Able to state two different inferences inaccurately

Sample answer:

1. The differences in PQ is due to the different rate of transpiration

2. The rate of transpiration is influenced/ affected by the air movement/ air speed.

1 Able to state two different inferences at idea level

Sample answer:

1. Transpiration occurs.
2. Rate of transpiration changes/ increases/ decreases
3. The rate of transpiration is different
0 None of the above or No response

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1(c) KB0610 – Controlling variables

Variables Method to handle the variable

Manipulated v. -Using fan with different air movement/air speed
Speed of air movement/ air speed/air 1,2 and 3//
movement -Change the air speed of fan, speed 1, 2 and 3

Responding v.
Distance the air bubble moved -Measure the distance between initial level P and
in 5 minutes final level Q after 5 minutes by using a ruler/metre
OR rule
Rate of transpiration OR
-Calculate the rate of transpiration by using
Distance the air bubble moved
formula = cm/min
time taken

Constant v.
1.Time taken for the air bubble moved/ 1. Fixed the time for 5 minutes/
2.Type of plant/ 2. Fix/use the same type of plant, balsam/
3.Temperature/ 3. Fix the temperature at room temperature,
4.Distance between the fan and balsam 27 o C/
shoot 4. Fix the distance between the fan and balsam
shoot at 30 cm

Score Criteria
3 6 ticks
2 4 – 5 ticks
1 2 -3 ticks
0 1 tick or No response

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1(d) KB0611 – State hypothesis

Score Criteria
3 Able to state a hypothesis relating the manipulated variable and the responding
variable correctly with the following aspects :
P I = Manipulated variable (air speed/ air movement)
P 2 = Responding variable (transpiration rate/ distance the air bubble moved)
H = relationship

Sample answer :
1. As the air speed increases, the rate of transpiration increases / distance the air
bubble moved increases.// inversely.
2. The higher the air movement/ air speed, the higher the rate of transpiration.
3. When air movement/air speed is low, the transpiration rate will decrease //
vice versa

2 Able to state a hypothesis relating the manipulated variable and the responding
variable inaccurately
1. Increasing the air movement/air speed increases transpiration
2. Air speed/air movement affect/ influence the rate of transpiration
3. Rate of transpiration is affected by air speed/air movement
1 Able to state a hypothesis relating the manipulated variable and the responding
variable at idea level
1. Transpiration increase with air speed/ air movement
2. Air speed increases transpiration

0 No response or wrong response

1(e) KB0606 – Communicating data

Score Criteria
3 Able to construct a table correctly with the following aspects:
1. Able to state 3 titles with units correctly
2. Able to record all the data correctly
3. Able to calculate and record rate of transpiration correctly

Sample answer :
Speed of air movement 1 2 3
Distance of the air bubble moved in 5 2.5 5.6 10.3
minutes /cm
Rate of transpiration / cm min-1 0.5 1.12 2.06

2 Any 2 aspects correct

1 Any 1 aspects correct
0 None of the above OR no response

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1(f)(i) KB0607 – Correlating time and space

Score Criteria
3 Able to draw the graph correctly with the following aspects :

P (Axis) : Correct title with unit on both horizontal,vertical axis and uniform
scale on the axis.

T (Point) : All point plotted/ transferred correctly.

B (Shape) : Able to join any two points to form a smooth graph, and positive
gradient.

All three aspects correct.

2 Any 2 correct
1 Any 1 correct
0 None of the above OR no response

1(f)(ii) KB0608 – Interpretating data

Score Criteria
Able to interpret data correctly and explain with the following aspects :

Relationship :
P I = manipulated variable
3 P 2= responding variable
H = relationship
Sample answer :
1. Transpiration rate increases when/with/as the air speed increases.
2. The higher the air speed, the higher the transpiration rate.
3. When the air movement/air speed increases, the transpiration rate will
increase.
Able to interpret data with 2 aspects correctly
Sample answer :
2
Transpiration rate is proportional to air speed

Able to interpret data with 1 aspect correctly

1
0 No response or wrong response
*** 1. The higher the transpiration rate, the higher the air speed.
Reject 2. The air speed/air movement is proportional to the rate of transpiration.

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1(g) KB0605 – Predicting

Score Criteria
3 Able to predict observation and the resulting rate of transpiration. Explain the
outcome of the experiment correctly with the following aspects.

P1 - Able to predict observation

Sample answer for P1 :
1. Distance the air bubble moved shorter.

P2 – Able to state the change in rate of transpiration

Sample answer for P2 :
1. The rate of transpiration is lower

P3 – Explanation

Sample answer :
1. Distance the air bubble moved shorter and the rate of transpiration is lower,
less than 0.50 cm min-1 because the air movement decreases when fan is not
switched on during the experiment.

2 Able to predict any two criterias

1 Able to predict any one criteria
0 No response or wrong response

1(h) KB0609 – Defining by operation

Score Criteria
3 Able to define operationally based on the result of the experiment with the
following aspects.

P1 - process losing water by balsam plant

P2 – distance traveled by the air bubble in five minutes
P3 – The rate of transpiration is affected by air speed/air movement //complete
definition by theory // Hypothesis form

Sample answer :
1. Transpiration is the process losing water in form of water vapour from the
balsam plant through leaves and is affected by different air speed of fan that
shown by the distance traveled by the air bubble in the capillary tube in 5
minutes..

2 Able to define operationally based on the result of the experiment with any two
aspects correctly
1 Able to define operationally based on the result of the experiment with only one
aspect correctly
0 None of the above OR no response

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1(i) KB0602 – Classifying

Score Criteria
3 Able to list all materials and apparatus used in the investigation
Sample answer :
Materials (M) Apparatus (A)
Vaseline Lamp
Plant shoot Metre rule
Stop watch
Capillary tube
Rubber tube
Knife
Basin
Retort stand
All two materials and eight apparatus are correct.

2 Refer to scoring below

1 Refer to scoring below
0 Refer to scoring below

Scoring :

Materials Apparatus Score

2M 8A 3
2M + 1A 7A
2M 6/7A 2
1M 8A
2M + 2A 6A
2M + 1A 6/7A
2M 4/5A 1
1M 5/6/7A
8A 2M
2M 1/2/3A 0
1M 1/2/3/4A

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Question 2
KB061201 Explanation Score
01 Able to state problem statement by relating P1, P2 and 3
P3 in a question form correctly.
P1+P2+P3
P1- manipulated variable
Distance of seedlings
P2-responding variable
The growth rate of plants (maize /paddy / any suitable
plants) / the height of seedlings / mass of seedlings/
numbers of leaves
P3-question form (How/does …? )

Sample answer:
How / Does the distance of seedlings (P1) affects the
growth rate of maize plants (P2) ? (P3)
Note:
- reject ‘mango plant’ as a named plant
Able to state problem statement inaccurately 2
Sample answer: P1+P2/
1. What is the effect of distance on plants ? (P1+P3) P1+P3/
2. The growth rate of plant is affected by the P2+P3
distance(no P3)
Able to state the idea 1
Sample answer : P1/P2/P3
1. The distance affects the growth of plants ( no P2 + P3)
No response or wrong response 0

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KB061202 Explanation Score

Able to state the hypothesis by relating two variables 3
02 correctly (P1+P2+H) P1+P2+H
P1- manipulated variable
Distance of seedlings
P2-responding variable
The growth rate of plants / the height of seedlings/
the mass of seedlings / the number of leaves
H-relationship

Sample answer:
1. The longer/shorter (H) the distance of seedlings (P1),
the higher/lower (H) the growth rate of plants(P2)
2. The longer/shorter (H) the distance of seedlings (P1),
the higher/lower the heights of seedlings(P2)
3. The longer / shorter the distance of seedlings
the heavier / lighter the mass of seedlings
4. The longer /shorter the distance of seedlings, the
more / lesser number of leaves.
5. As the distance of seedlings (P1) increase / decrease(H),
the growth rate of plants (P2) increase/ decrease(H)
Able to state any two criteria correctly or inaccurate 2
hypothesis P1+P2/
Sample answer: P1+H/
1. The distance of seedlings (P1) affect the growth rate of P2+H
plants (P2) (no H)
2. The growth rate of plants in tray A is higher than the
growth rate of plants in tray C ( no P1)
Able to draw the idea of hypothesis 1
Sample answer: P1/P2/H
1. The distance of seedlings affect the plants
( no P2 + H )
No response or wrong response 0

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KB061204 Explanation Score

04 Able to state K1, K2, K3, K4 and K5 (5K) correctly 3
K1: The set up of apparatus (S1/ S2/S3/S4/S5) (any 3 ) K1+K2+K3+
K2: How to manipulate the variable (S3 ) K4+K5
K3: How to operate the responding variable ( S6 ) (5K)
K4: How to fix the constant variable(S1 or S4)
K5: Precautions (S4 or S5 )

S1- Three planting trays are prepared and filled with 3 kg

of garden soil in each tray.
S2- The trays are labeled as A, B and C with
waterproof paint .
S3- 30 numbers of maize seeds are planted in tray A at a
distance of 10 cm intervals, 30 numbers of maize
seeds in tray B at a distance of 5 cm intervals and 30
numbers of maize seeds in tray C at a distance of 2
cm intervals as shown below (not in correct scale) .
2cm
γ-10cm- γ γ γ-5cm-γ γ γ γ γ
γ γ γ
-10cm-

γ γ γ γ γ γ
γ γ γ γ γ γ
γ γ γ γ γ γ

γ γ γ γ γ γ

A B C

S4- Each tray is watered daily with the same amount of

water for 10 days
S5- After 10 days, 10 maize seedlings are picked
randomly from tray A and the root of seedlings
are washed under running water
S6- The height of maize seedlings are then measured by
using metre rule. The average height are calculated
by using formula = the total height of seedlings/cm
10
The growth rate is calculated by using formula
= the average height of seedlings/cm
time taken / day
S7- Step 5-6 are repeated for seedlings from tray B and C.
The average height and the growth rate of seedlings in
tray B and C are measured and calculated separately.
S8- The result are recorded in a table.
Able to state any 3K – 4K correctly 2

Able to state any 1K – 2K correctly 1

Wrong response or no response 0

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KB061205 Explanation Score

Able to list 3 materials and 3apparatus correctly to
05 make a functional experiment and able to get the data 3
MATERIALS (M)
Maize seeds/ Paddy seeds /any suitable seeds
Water
Garden soil
Note : reject ‘mango seed’
APPARATUS (A)
Metre rule
Tray / Basin / Container
Waterproof paint /marker pen
Spade
* Beam / electronic / compression balance mass of
* Oven seedlings }
Notes :
Score Material (M) Apparatus
(A)
3 3M 2A
2 3M 1A
2M 2A
1 2M 1A
1M 1A
Able to list any 2 materials and any 2 apparatus related
to the experiment ( 2M + 2A / 2M + 1A ) 2
Able to list any 1 material and any 1 apparatus related 1
to the experiment (1M + 1A )
Wrong response or no response 0

Explanation Score
Able to construct a table to record data with the following aspects B2 = 1
- Titles with corrects units mark
- Data is not required
The height of seedlings / cm
The distance 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Average The growth
of seedlings/ heights of rate of plants
cm(Tray) seedlings/ cm/day
cm
10(A)
5(B)
2(C)

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Construct Explanation Score

Able to state the correct technique with the following B1 = 1 mark
aspects

Sample answer
1. Measure the height of seedling by using metre rule
OR
2. Calculate the average height of seedlings by using
formula
= total heights of seedlings /cm
OR
10
3.Calculate the growth rate of plants by using formula
= the average heights of seedlings /cm
time taken/day

KB061203 Explanation Score

03 Able to state 7-9 aspects of experimental planning 3
correctly :
√Statement of problem
√Objective
√Hypothesis
√Variables ( The three variables are correct)
√List of materials and apparatus
√Technique used
√Procedure
√Presentation of data
√Conclusion

Note:
7-9 √- 3 marks
4-6 √- 2 marks
1-3 √- 1 mark

Able to state any 4 - 6 items/aspects in the 2

experimental planning correctly

Able to state any 1 - 3 items correctly 1

Wrong response or no response 0

Example:
The report is in the form of explanation without planning
item

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Sample Answer :

√Problem Statement
Does the distance of seedlings affects the growth rate of plants?
01=3

√Aim of experiment
To study the effects of distance of seedlings on the growth rate of plants

√Hypothesis
The longer the distance of seedlings , the higher the growth rate of plants 02=3
√Variables
Manipulated variable : The distance of seedlings
Responding variable : The height of seedlings/ the growth rate of plants
Constant variable : Number of seedlings / types of soil/ amount of water/
light intensity / time taken

√Materials
Maize seeds, water, garden soil ,
05=3
Apparatus
Three planting trays / basins , metre rule , waterproof paint,

√Techniques
Measure the height of seedling by using metre rule OR B1=1
Calculate the growth rate of seedlings by using formula = average heights of seedlings /cm
time taken

√Procedure
04=3
1- Three planting trays are prepared and filled with 3 kg of garden soil in each tray. Labeled the
trays as A, B and C with water proof paint.
2- 30 numbers of maize seeds are planted in tray A at a distance of 10 cm intervals, 30
numbers of maize seeds are planted in tray B at a distance of 5 cm intervals and 30
numbers of maize seeds are planted in tray C at a distance of 2 cm intervals a shown
below (not in correct scale) .

2cm
γ-10cm- γ γ γ-5cm-γ γ γ γ γ
γ γ γ
-10cm-

γ γ γ γ γ γ
γ γ γ γ γ γ
γ γ γ γ γ γ

γ γ γ γ γ γ

A B C

3- Each tray is watered daily with the same amount of water for 10 days
4- After 10 days, 10 maize seedlings are picked randomly from tray A and the root of
seedlings are washed under running water
5- The height of maize seedlings are then measured by using metre rule. The average

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height is calculated by using the formula = the total height of seedlings/cm
10
The growth rate of seedlings is calculated by using formula
= the average height of seedlings/ cm
Time taken / day
6- Step 4-5 are repeated for seedlings from tray B and C. The average height and the
growth rate of seedlings in tray B and C are measured and calculated separately.
7- The result are recorded in a table.

√Results

The height of seedlings / cm B2= 1

The distance 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Average The growth rate
of seedlings/ heights of of seedlings
cm(Tray) seedlings/ cm/day
cm
10cm(A)
5cm(B)
2cm(C)

√Conclusion
The longer the distance of seedlings , the higher the growth rate of plants . Hypothesis
is accepted.

Note:
7-9√ - 3 marks
4-6√ - 2 marks
1-3√ - 1 mark 03=3

17

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