THNH DUY THC LUN Hn Dch: Tam Tng Php S Huyn Trang

Vit Dch : HT.Thin Siu Ma An c P.L. 2539 1995 ---o0o--Ngun www.quangduc.com Chuyn sang ebook 18-7-2009 Ngi thc hin : Nam Thin namthien@gmail.com Link Audio Ti Website http://www.phatphaponline.org Mc Lc
TA NGHA CH THNH DUY THC LUN THNH DUY THC I. LC NU TNG DUY THC (*) II. PH CHP NG III. HAI TH NG CHP IV GII THCH VN NN V. PH CHP PHP VI. PH CC THA GIO CHP PHP VII. THC BIN HIN TH NHT VIII. GII R TNG NHT THIT CHNG IX. CHNG MINH C THC TH TM X. THC BIN HIN TH HAI X. THC BIN HIN TH HAI (tip theo) XI. THC BIN HIN TH BA XI. THC BIN HIN TH BA ( tip theo phn 1) XII. DA 15 Y X LP 10 NHN XIII. 4 DUYN NHIP 10 V 2 NHN XIV. NM QU XV. CHNH LUN V DUYN SANH PHN BIT XVI. GII THCH VN NN XVII. BA T TNH

XVIII. BA V TNH XIX. NM HNH V TU CHNG XX. T LNG V XXI. GIA HNH V XXII. THNG T V XXIII. TU TP V XXIV. CU CNH V CH THCH BA MI BI TNG DUY THC

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- Mun s mun vt t u n v s i v u? - Mun s mun vt l g m li t u n ri s i v u? - Kia sng n ni, dy ngi vt, ka nh ka xe v.v... khng phi l mun s mun vt sao? - u phi. Hy theo di cuc m o gia vua Di lan v T kheo Na tin th xem (Vua Di lan ngi gc Hy lp, mt b tng ca lch sn i [Alexander 356323 trc Ty lch], cai tr vng Ty Bc n, ti thng lu Ng H, khong gia th k th hai, ba trc Ty lch). Mt hm vua n cha San kh a (Sankheyya) thm, gp T kheo Na tin, ta ch cha ny. Vua hi: - Bch i c, qy danh l g? - Ngi ta gi bn tng l Na tin. Cc php hu ca bn Tng cng gi bn Tng l Na tin. Nhng l tn sung, t ra phn bit ngi n vi ngi kia m thi, ch trong ci tn khng h c ci "ta" hay ci "ca ta". Vua ngc nhin lin phn bua vi ngi chung quanh: - Cc v hy ghi nh li ca i c Na tin va ni. Ngi ni khng c ci ta trong ci tn Na tin, c tin c chng? Phn bua xong, vua hi tip: - Bch i c, nu khng c ci "ta" trong th khi th ch cng dng y bt, vt thc v.v... ai thu nhn? Ai bo tn lun l, o ngha? Ai tham Thin nhp nh? Ai hnh o nhp Nit bn? Ai gi gii? Ai phm gii" Ai to nghip? Ai chu qu? Nu c

k git i c cng khng phm ti st sanh ? V.v... Trm cha r, mong i c gii cho. Tha i c, nghe r cha? - Tu i vng, nghe r. - Ngi nghe khng phi l Na tin sao? Vua hi. - Khng phi. Na tin p. - Th th ai l Na tin? Tc trn u ngi khng phi l Na tin? - Khng phi. - Mt, my, da, tht ngi khng phi l Na tin? - Khng phi. - Mt, tai, mi, li, thn, ngi khng phi l Na tin? - Khng phi. - Tt c cc th y gom li khng phi l Na tin? - Khng phi. - Hay ngoi cc th y l Na tin? - Khng phi? - Th sao on trc i c bo vi trm rng ngi ta gi i c l Na tin, nh th l i c ni di? - i c Na tin chm ri tu: - Tu i vng! Chng hay i vng n y bng i b hay bng xe? - Trm n bng xe, ch khi tin vo y, trm mi i b. Nghe xong i c Na tin lin phn bua vi ngi xung quanh, xin cc v nh cho, B h ni B h n y bng xe, c th tin c khng? Phn bua xong, i c Na tin hi tip: - Tu i vng, i vng bo rng ngi ng n bng xe, l ngi ni tht ch? - Trm ni tht.

- Vy xin cho bn Tng bit r xe ca B h. - Gng c phi l xe khng? - Khng phi. - Trc c phi l xe khng? - Khng phi. - Bnh c phi l xe khng? - Khng phi. - Cm, thng, ch, dy cm, c phi l xe khng? - Khng phi. - Hay cc th y gom li l xe chng? - Khng phi. - Hay ngoi cc th y, cn c mt th c bit khng dnh g cc th y, gi l xe? - Khng phi. i c dng giy lt ri tu: - Ny gi bn Tng gn hi tng tn cc th, B h u tr li l khng phi xe. Nh vy sao va ri i vng ni vi bn Tng l i vng n bng xe. iu tng ng ng vc lm! Xin qi v xung quanh hy lm chng cho. Qua cu chuyn m o thm thy, sng ng, th v , thy rng Na tin ch l tn sung, ch khng c Na tin tht; xe cng l ci tn sung, ch khng c xe tht. Na tin nh vy, xe nh vy, th ni, sng, cy, c, ngi, vt cng u nh th. Chng u l gi tng hin hu gia cc mi tng quan tng duyn, ch khng tht c. khng tht c th cn l do g hi, n c t u v s i v u, c t bao gi, v bao gi tiu mt. Ai li ng ngn i tm cho ra mt Na tin khng tht, mt chic xe khng tht, coi th c t u v i v u? Th nhng ti sao ta vn thy xe, thy ngi, vn thy c mi s tc dng? l do thc bin. Cc duyn hp li l cc duyn hp li ch sao li thnh xe, thnh ngi, thnh ni, sng, cy c, thnh cc vi v.v...? Cc duyn khng phi xe, c

sao hp li, li thnh xe; cc duyn khng phi ngi, c sao hp li thnh ngi? Nhng ci khng phi xe hp li thnh xe, nhng ci khng phi ngi hp li thnh ngi. Vy cc hn hp li sao khng thnh cm? V li khi nhng th khng phi xe hp li, sao khng gi l phi xe m li gi l xe? Nhng th khng phi ngi hp li, sao khng gi l phi ngi m li gi l ngi? D ni th hay ni phi u khng ng. V c th xe mi c phi xe, c th ngi mi c phi ngi, ch th xe tm khng thy, th lm sao c phi xe, th ngi tm khng ra th lm sao c phi ngi? Vy th hay phi u do thc bin. Na tin l thc bin, xe l thc bin, ni, sng, ngi, vt v.v... l thc bin. La ngoi thc th khng mt tng g hin hu, cho nn kinh ni: "Vn php duy thc"; v l thc bin, th Na tin ch l thc, xe ch l thc, ni, sng, ngi, vt ch l thc. Tt c ch l thc. u ch l thc th bnh ng dung thng, khng trong khng ngoi, khng xa khng nay, khng ln khng nh v.v... Nh C c ni:" V bin ct hi t tha bt cch mao oan, thp th c kim thy chung bt ly ng nim" (mun vn th gii cng trn u my lng, c kip xa nay khng la ngoi mt nim). Nhng bin thc c hai cch: 1. Nhn duyn bin c nhn duyn mi hin hu, nh si dy hin hu c do c duyn gai k hp li, c tng c dng, ch khng phi nh lng ra, sng th. Mi hin hu trong th gian cng vy, do thc phn bit danh tng, sc, tm, hun tp vo Tng thc nhiu i nhiu kip thnh chng t (tp kh, thi quen) c hu, nn khi thc mng khi th lin hin ra cc tng ng nh khi c hun tp vo Tng thc, v trong t phn bit ra Kin phn c nng lc nhn bit v Tng phn l i tng ca nhn bit. Kin, Tng phn nh vy l nhn duyn bin. y, tt c ch c thy v b thy, bit v b bit, ch khng g khc. Khng c g l ni, sng, ngi, vt. l nhn duyn bin. 2. Phn bit bin - tc nhng iu do vng tnh phn bit bin ra, hon ton ch quan o tng, nh i p nhm si dy tng lm l con rn, hoc nh ngi b bnh cung lon thy cnh gii thay i khc vi ngy thng. Cng nh th, Kin phn bit v Tng phn b bit ni trn khng phi l ng v php; ngi v vt, nhng tm phm phu phn bit sai lm cho o l ng v php, l ngi v vt. Nu tng ng php ny c hun tp mi vo Tng thc thnh chng t c sn, th khi thc mng khi ln lin thy ng php. Nhng g do phn bit bin th d thay i, loi b, nhng g nhn duyn bin th kh thay i loi b. V nhng g do tm thc ring ca mi ngi bin ra, gi l bit bin, th d thay i; cn nhng g do nhiu tm thc ca nhiu hu tnh chung bin ra, gi l cng bin, th kh thay i. Tt c mi tng m ta gi l hin hu, u l tng hin hu ca thc theo hai cch bin ra. l Duy thc bin. Ni Duy thc bin cng ng ngha vi ni " y thc bin". Nh cu tng th ba trong lun ny ni: "B y thc s bin", tc cc php kia nng thc bin ra, hay nng thc khi ln.

Ht thy khng t hin hu m ch hin hu gia cc mi quan h, gia cc duyn, theo Tnh Khng th gi l Duyn khi hay Duyn sanh, theo Php Tng Duy Thc tng th gi l "y tha khi". Duy thc bin, y thc bin cng tc y thc khi. Ni y tha l nng ci khc, ci khc l phim ch, cn ni y thc l ch tc l thc, ch nh c th. Thc l mt trong nhng ci duyn cho cc hin hu, nhng thc l ci duyn c bit, r rt bao qut hn c, cho nn y khng ni y tha khi chung chung m ni thng "y thc bin, y thc khi", hay "A li gia duyn khi". Ni y thc bin cn c tc dng c bit l i tr ci bnh vng ngoi tha ha, xoay nhn li mnh, thy li mnh vn l ch nhn ng ca mi hin hu, nh thy li bn lai din mc. T chuyn b dn li thy bit sai lm gy au kh, thnh ci Tr tu Bt nh, tr i vin cnh, xy dng cnh gii an vui t ti. o l Duy tm, Duy thc ny c ni nhiu trong cc kinh. V o Pht l o ch trng ch tm, ly tm truyn tm, tm l gc ca m ng, nh kinh Php C ni: "Tm l ch, tm dn u cc php, tm to tc, ni hay lm vi tm nhim th s kh s ko n nh bnh xe ln theo chn con vt ko..." Hoc nh kinh Hoa Nghim ni" Nht thit duy tm to". Kinh Lng gi ni: "Do t tm chp trc, tm hin t cnh bn ngoi, cnh c thy chng phi c tht, th nn ni Duy tm". Kinh Gii Thm mt ni: " Cnh s duyn ca cc thc, u do cc thc hin" v bit bao ch tm ch thc, nh ch thc duyn danh sc, A li gia, thc thc v.v... tham, sn. si, nh thc v.v... trong cc kinh u c din t nh l ngun gc ca mi s mi vt. Cc B phi Pht gio khai trin v h thng ho cc th tm y, r nt nht l phi Hu b h thng ho thnh 75 php, trong tm l ch yu. n Du gi S a Lun h thng ha thnh 200 php, n Duy thc tng th rt li cn 100 php, gom vo nm v, trong Tm thc l ch. Nm v 100 php l: 1. Sc l tng ca thc nhn bit, ngoi thc th khng c tng sc. 2. Tm vng l t th ca thc. 3. Tm s l quyn thuc, s thuc ca thc. 4. Bt tng ng hnh l ci bng ca Sc, Tm, Tm s hp li. 5. V vi php l thc tnh ca thc. 100 php u l thc, lin h vi thc mi c c. C ngi ng rng: Sng kia ni n khi ta cha sanh n c, khi ta cht ri n vn cn, th sao gi l thc bin? hoc nh chic my vi tnh, khi khoa hc cha ch ra th khng ai bit, khi khoa hc ch ra ri ngi ta mi bit, th sao gi l thc bin?

u bit rng sng kia ni n khi ta cha sanh n c, khi ta cht ri n vn cn, vy n l c vi ai? Cn vi ai? Ai bit n c? ai bit n cn? Nu khi ta ang sng trong hin ti m bit c ni sng khi ta cha sanh hay sau khi ta cht, th l ci bit theo tng tng, m tng tng th u phi ngoi thc. V li ni kia sng n l c, my vi tnh l c, ci c c ging ci c ca Na tin di mt vua Di lan , hay ci c ca chic xe di mt Na tin khng? Nu ci c cng ging ci c ca Na tin di mt vua Di lan , ci c ca chic xe di mt Na tin, th u l ci c do thc bin. Khng phi ni m thy ni, l thc bin. Khng phi sng m thy sng, l thc bin. Khng phi vy m thy vy, l thc bin. xin dng o l Duy thc mt cch h thng cht ch, u th k th nm Ty lch, B tt Thin Thn (Vasubandhu) da cc kinh i tha A t t ma, Nhp Lng Gi, Gii Thm Mt, nht l lun Du gi S a, Hin Dng Thnh Gio, Nhip i Tha, Bin Trung Bin v.v... m vit ra 30 bi tng ngn gn, nhng ni dung ht sc phong ph. C th chia lm bn phn sau y: - Phn u Ph chp ng php, tc thuc Bin k s chp tnh. - Phn hai - Ging k v Duy thc tng, tc thuc Y tha khi tnh. - Phn ba - Ging v ba V tnh, tc Duy thc tnh, thuc Vin thnh tht tnh. - Phn bn - Ging v s tu chng qua nm hnh v. Hoc theo xa c nhiu cch chia, nh: Trong ba mi bi tng, hai mi bn bi u ni v Tng Duy thc, bi th hai mi lm ni v Tnh Duy thc, nm bi cui cng ni Hnh v tu chng Duy thc. Trong hai mi bn bi u; mt bi ri u lc ni Tng Duy thc, hai mi hai bi ri sau ni rng v Tng Duy thc. Ba t tnh; Bin k s chp, Y tha khi v Vin thnh tht c ngha khng khc g ngha "khng, gi, trung" trong bi tng Trung lun:" Nhn duyn s danh php, ng thuyt tc th khng, th danh vi gi danh, dic danh Trung o ngha". Bin k s chp ng php, l "khng", Tm, Tm s v Kin tng phn Y tha khi huyn s l "gi", Vin thnh tht tc chn nh l "trung". Ngi Long Th ng trn chn khng v tng, Vin thnh tht tnh m ph Bin k chp. Ngi Th Thn ng trn Duy thc Y tha khi ph Bin k chp. Hai phng thuc cng cha mt bnh, bnh o tng v tht ng, tht php. Lun s Thanh Bin v ph vng tnh chp c, cho nn ni ht thy php u khng. Lun s H php, v ph vng tnh chp khng, cho nn ni ht thy php Duy thc

huyn c. Ni khng ph c, ni c ph khng, u cng mc ch a tri kin ngi ta ti ch ng nhp tht tng Trung o, la t c tuyt bch phi. Ni Duy thc khng, nhng khng phi ngng li ni khng, nu ngng li ni khng th thnh c th khng. Ni Duy thc c, nhng khng phi ngng li ni Duy thc c, nu ngng li ni Duy thc c, tc l php chp. Nh trong lun Thnh Duy thc ny cun hai ni: "Nu chp Duy thc l tht c, th khng khc g chp ngoi cnh, cng l php chp". B tt Thin Thn vit xong 30 bi tng Duy thc ny vo lc cui i mnh, cha kp gii thch. S d c c s gii thch chi ly nh ngy nay cn thy c l do mi v i lun s ni nhau ch gii. Trong mi i lun s ny, ngi Thn Thng, Ha Bin l ng thi Thin Thn, cch hn 100 nm sau ngi Thin Thn, c tm i lun s l c Hu, An Hu, Nan , Tnh Nguyt, Thng Hu, Trn Na, Tr Nguyt v t ngi Trn Na l ngi H Php, cng nhau tip tc gii thch, mi v mi quyn, mi v thnh 100 quyn. Ngi Huyn Trang sau 16 nm du hc n v Trung Hoa rt yu ngha ca 100 quyn lun kia, dch ra Hoa vn tm gn trong mi quyn. Trong mi quyn ny l ngha ch yu l ca ngi H Php, cho nn ni b Lun Thnh Duy Thc mi quyn ny do H Php v.v... to. Chnh ngi Gii Hin, ch tr trng i hc Pht gio Na lan lc ngi Huyn Trang sang n hc l t ca ngi H Php. Ngi Gii Hin truyn cho ngi Huyn Trang mn hc Duy thc ny. Ni n Tam Tng Php S Huyn Trang th i a s ngi u bit, hoc bit qua tiu s, qua Ty Du K hay bit qua phim Ty Du, ng Tam Tng thnh kinh. D qua cch no ngi ta cng thy ngi l mt bc v nhn hy hu. Nh hc gi Nguyn Hin L vit v ngi nh vy: "c xong tiu s ca ng, ta mi thy tm gng ca ng li cho ta soi khng c mt cht vt. Cc v nhn khc, tr vi v Thnh, cn c th c ch cho ta khng phc, cn ng th sut i thanh m, can m, cn c, hiu hc, l , khim tn, trong sch v hy sinh". Ngi khng nhng l mt Thnh Tng, mt B tt trong Pht gio, m cn l mt nh s hc, vn hc, tm l hc, trit hc v.v... mt no cng v i. Th nhng c mt iu t ngi bit n, l cng trnh dch thut v tin khong hu ca ngi khng km chi cuc mo him i thnh kinh v tin khong hu ca ngi. Tht vy, vi Phn vn kh nh th, Hoa vn kh nh th, o l kh nh th m ngi dch rt nhiu kinh sch Pht hn bt c ai. T n ngi mang v Trung Hoa 520 hm gm 657 b kinh Pht bng Phn vn. T khi v nc cho n khi gc bt quy Ty, sut 19 nm rng m thm chuyn dch, ngi dch c 75 b gm 1335 cun, trong ch yu l kinh i Bt Nh 600 cun,

i T b sa lun 200 cun, Du gi S a Lun 100 cun, Cu x Lun 30 cun, Hin Dng Thnh Gio lun 20 cun, Thnh Duy Thc Lun 10 cun v.v... Gio l i tha Pht gio c ba h, mt l h "Php Tnh Khng Tu" vi cc b kinh nh i Bt Nh 600 cun v.v... hai l h "Php Tng Duy Thc" vi cc b lun Du gi S a 100 cun, Hin Dng Thnh Gio lun 20 cun, Thnh Duy Thc Lun 10 cun v.v... ba l h "Php Gii Vin Gic" vi cc b kinh Vin Gic, Hoa nghim, Php Hoa, Nit bn v.v... Trong ba h , ngi Huyn Trang dch ra ht chn phn mi cc kinh lun thuc h "Php Tnh Khng Tu" v "Php Tng Duy Thc". Hai h gio l ny tuy cch trnh by khc nhau rt xa, nhng cng nhm mt ch ch l ph ng php chp, hin by Trung o tht tng. Nh lun Thnh Duy Thc ny cun hai ni: "Cc Tm, Tm s, v l php Y tha khi, nn cng nh huyn s, chng phi tht c. V khin tr bnh vng chp c tht cnh la ngoi Tm, Tm s nn ni Duy c Thc. Nu li chp Duy thc l tht c, th chng khc g chp ngoi cnh, cng l php chp". Cun by li ni: "Trc y ni cc thc tng sai bit l da theo l th tc (Tc ) m ni, ch khng phi da Chn thng ngha (Chn ). Trong Chn thng ngha th tm suy ming ni u bt dt". Nh th r rng l ngha cui cng ca h Bt nh v h Du gi c g khc nhau u. Chc hn thm ng ch , nn ngi Huyn Trang dch c kinh i Bt nh ln lun Du gi mt cch dung thng t ti, khng vng mc thin lch, nng bn ny nh bn kia. Thi khng thin lch ny, ngi bc l ngay khi cn hc ti n . Khi c lun s S T Quang tn Trung Qun m kch bc Du gi, ngi hi thng c Trung Qun v Du gi vit ra bi lun Hi Tng 3000 bi tng ph chnh li bnh thin chp khng ca S T Quang. B lun Thnh Duy Thc ny l b lun Cng yu ca mn Duy thc hc, trnh by l Duy thc theo lun php Nhn minh vi nhng t ng mi l, gin c, ngha l khc chit, kin ca cc Lun s an xen chng cht, hi p khng phn ranh gii r rng, c khi cu hi n trong cu p, dng nhiu i danh t b, th, do d tht kh lng hiu cho chu o. ng nh li tn thn ca lun Duy thc xu yu: "Vn tng hm nht t, thin hun ging nht ngn". Ti dch b lun Thnh Duy Thc ny, trc ht v lng ngng m chn dung ngi Huyn Trang, sau l gp phn vi cc v ang nghin cu hoc ang ging dy Duy thc c sch c bn v Duy thc tham kho d dng hn. Lun Duy Thc hay Cu x c kh nng lm sng ngha nhng cu Pht dy trong cc kinh Nikaya, A hm nh cu: "Chng sanh nng bn cch n m tn ti. Trong c "thc thc". Hay "Hnh duyn thc", hay "Th, Non, thc", vy thc cu l thc no? Khng c Thnh Duy Thc tng kh ni cho r.

D ti nhiu cng phu vo bn dch ny, nhng chc chn khng sao trnh khi cn nhiu sai st. Hy vng sau ny khi pht hin ra c hoc nh Thin tri thc ch cho, ti s iu chnh li cho bn dch c hon b hn. Ma An c P.L. 2539 1995 THCH THIN SIU

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NGHA CH THNH DUY THC

Duy Thc l duy ci bit, do ci bit, hoc y ni ci bit (b y thc s bit). Mun s mun vt khng t hin hu, ch hin hu khi duyn, ch hin hu gia mi quan h, lp ny lp khc trng trng v tn, mt lm duyn cho tt c, tt c duy mt, tt c lm duyn cho mt, mt duy tt c. Do ci ny c nn ci kia c, ci ny sinh nn ci kia sinh, ci ny khng nn ci kia khng, ci ny dit nn ci kia dit. Nh th l duyn khi, y tha khi. Trong nu ni duy th ci no cng duy c ht, duy sc, duy hng, duy v minh, duy cn, duy trn v.v... nh C c ni: "Nht sc nht hng, v phi trung o". Ngi Thin Thai Tr Gi ni: "Ty nim nht php, giai th php gii". (Bt c a ra mt php no, php u l php gii mun php). Thc l mt trong ht thy php, nhng thc c nng lc c bit bit c ci khc v t bit c mnh, n l ch lc ngay trong mi mi chng sanh. Chnh ci bit ny lm cho cc php trong ng nht tnh duyn khi, v danh v tng, v th v chung, v trung v bin ( khng trong khng ngoi) ni ln thin hnh vn trng, ri m mui chy theo gi tng thin hnh vn trng m m trc, to nghip, buc rng theo n, gy nn kh au. Li, "Duy c ngha l gin bit, ngn khng c ngoi cnh; Thc c ngha l liu gii, biu th c ni tm". Ni Duy thc chnh l a ra li khai th, thc tnh ngi ta hy t gic, hy qun tm mnh, nhn li ci nng lc thin bin vn ha ngay trong mnh gn lc n, trau di n, sa cha n phi bin ha nh th no ch em li li lc, ch ng gy ra au kh. n khi chuyn c tm thc thnh bn tr, sng sut hon ton, l tr nht nh, sc tm bt nh, khng cn ly sc lm sc, ly tm lm tm, c t ti khng cn vng mc, s hi, th by gi khng cn duy, khng cn thc, hay cn duy g cng c, v ngi. L Duy thc tim n trong li Pht ri rc cc kinh, B tt Th Thn dng l vit thnh lun, l do L thnh Gio, nn gi l Thnh Duy thc. Ngc li cng chnh do lun ca ngi Th Thn m l Duy thc c pht huy thnh lp, l do Gio thnh L, nn gi l Thnh Duy thc. Li mi v i lun s gii thch vn 30 bi tng

Duy thc ca ngi Th Thn to thnh b lun Duy thc. l do Gio thnh Gio, nn gi l Thnh Duy thc. Thnh Duy thc cng gi l Tnh Duy thc, v b lun ny ging gii r rng rt ro o l Duy thc. Tam Tng Php S Huyn Trang sau khi du hc n mang v Trung Hoa (602 644), rt ly li gii ca mi v i lun s dn li v dch ra thnh b lun Thnh Duy Thc mi cun, lu truyn n nay.

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LUN THNH DUY THC

Ci ly Duy thc tnh, ng thanh tnh trn, phn. Ti nay gii li ngi. V li lc hu tnh. (1) - Nay to Lun ny ct lm cho ngi m mui v hiu sai l "nh khng" (ng khng, php khng) c tr li hiu ng, hiu ng on tr hai trng chng. Do ng chp, php chp nn pht sinh hai trng chng, nu chng l ng khng, php khng th trng chng kia lin on dit. Chng on dit v chng c hai v th thng. Do on dit chng phin no l th lm cho sanh t tng tc m chng qu chn gii thot, do on dit chng s tri l th lm ngn ngi s liu gii cnh s tri, m chng c qu i B . Li v khai th cho ngi lm chp ng, php tht c, m l Duy thc, khin h t ng l Nh khng, bit ng nh thc l Duy thc. - Li c ngi m v lm l Duy thc, nn hoc chp ngoi cnh ging nh thc chng phi khng, hoc chp ni thc ging nh cnh chng phi c, hoc chp cc thc dng th khc m th th ng, hoc chp la ngoi tm, khng ring c Tm s. V ngn chn cc th d chp nh th, khin h hiu ng nh tht l Duy thc thm diu, cho nn to Lun ny. (2)

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I. LC NU TNG DUY THC (*)

Hi: Nu ch c Thc th ti sao ngi th gian v trong Thnh gio u ni c ng v php? Tng p: Do gi ni ng php, C tng ng php chuyn, Chng nng thc bin hin, Thc Nng bin c ba, L D thc, T lng, V thc Liu bit cnh. Lun rng: Th gian v Thnh gio ni c ng v php, ch l do gi ni, ch chng phi c tht tnh. Ng ngha l ch t, php ngha l qy tr. hai th y u c cc tng chuyn bin hin ra. Ng c cc tng nh l hu tnh, mng gi v.v... D lu, Nht lai v.v... Php c cc tng nh l Tht, c, Nghip v.v.. Un, X, Gii v.v... Chuyn ngha l ty theo duyn th thit ra cc tng khc nhau. Hi: - Cc tng nh th nu do gi thuyt, th nng vo u c thnh gi thuyt? p: - Cc tng ng php nh th u nng vo s chuyn bin ca thc m gi thi thit. - Thc ngha l liu bit, nhn thc. Trong y ni thc cng bao gm c Tm s, v n tng ng nhau vy. - Bin ngha l thc th chuyn bin ra hai phn tng t l Tng phn v Kin phn. V Tng v Kin u nng T chng phn ca thc m khi ln, ri nng hai phn Kin, Tng ny m thi thit ng v php. Ng v php kia la hai phn Kin, Tng ny th khng c ch nng (tc phn bit gi). Hoc li do ni thc chuyn bin thnh t ngoi cnh, v do nng lc phn bit hun tp v ng php, nn khi cc thc sanh khi lin bin thnh ra tng t ng, tng t php. Tng ng php tuy ni thc, nhng do phn bit m hin ra tng t nh l cnh bn ngoi (nhn duyn gi). Cc loi hu tnh t v th n nay, duyn theo tng t ng t php , chp cho l tht ng, tht php. Nh ngi chim bao, do sc chim bao m trn tm h hin ra cc tng t nh l cnh bn ngoi, ri duyn theo h chp cho l tht c ngoi cnh. Ci tht ng, tht php ca k ngu phu chp trc ny u khng c tht c, n ch ty theo vng tnh m ba t ra, cho nn ni n l gi (phn bit bin, phn bit gi). Ni thc bin ra t ng t php, tuy c m khng phi tht c tnh ng php, nhng t nh l c ng php hin ra, nn ni l gi (nhn duyn bin, nhn duyn gi).

Ngoi cnh theo vng tnh m ba t ch chng phi c nh thc, cn ni thc chc chn nng nhn duyn sanh, nn chng phi khng nh cnh. Nh bn ngn c hai th chp l chp tng v chp gim (ng php khng m chp cho l tht c, l chp tng. Ni thc c m li chp cho l khng, l chp gim). Cnh nng ni thc m gi lp, cho nn n ch c trn mt th tc (Tc ), cn thc l ch nng ca gi cnh, nn n cng c trn mt thng ngha (l rt ro). (3) (*) Cc tiu mc, cc s th t v cc ch "hi p" l do ngi dch thm vo.

---o0o--II. PH CHP NG
- Lm sao bit c tht khng c ngoi cnh, ch c ni thc sanh ra t nh ngoi cnh, nn khng th c tht ng, tht php? - Th no l khng th c tht ng? - Chp tht ng lc c ba th: 1. Chp ng th thng hng chu bin, lng ng vi h khng, ty ni to nghip m th kh, th vui. 2. Chp ng th ty thng m lng th bt nh, ty theo thn ln nh m n c dn ra hoc rt li. 3. Chp ng th thng nhng rt vi t nh mt cc vi, n thm chuyn dch trong thn, to tc s nghip. - Li chp ng th nht y khng ng l. V sao? Chp ng l thng hng chu bin, lng ng vi h khng, th l ng ng y khng theo chn chu s kh vui. Li ng l thng, l bin th l ng ng y khng ng chuyn, nh th lm sao ng y c th theo thn to tc cc nghip? Li ci ng b chp l ng hay l khc gia cc loi hu tnh? Nu ni ng, th khi mt ng ca hu tnh ny lm, l ng tt c ng ca cc hu tnh khc u lm, khi mt ng th qu th l ng tt c ng khc u th, khi ng ca hu tnh ny c gii thot, th l ng tt c ca ng ca cc hu tnh khc u c gii thot? Nu vy, th mc li ln. Cn nu ni khc th, m cc ng ca cc hu tnh li cng bin khp, th th th ca cc ng cng ln ln nhau. Li khi mt ng tc nghip, mt ng th qu, m ng v cng vi cc ng khc mt ch khng ring bit, th l ng phi gi l tt c ng tc nghip, tt c ng th qu. Nu cho rng tc nghip, th qu u c s thuc ring, nn khng mc li y th l cng khng ng. Bi v ng th ca cc hu tnh bin khp, thi nghip, qu v thn cng vi ng th ca cc hu tnh hp lm mt,

m nu tc nghip th qu ch thuc ng ny, chng phi thuc ng kia, th cng khng ng l. Khi mt ng ca hu tnh ny gii thot, tt c ng ca cc hu tnh khc l ng u c gii thot, v php tu chng hp mt vi tt c ng vy. - Li chp ng th hai cng phi l. V sao? V chp ng th l thng tr. thng tr th khng c th theo chn m c s dn ra v rt li. Nu n c s dn ra v rt li th n khng khc gi trong ng b, khng th thng tr c. Li ng theo thn th ng y c th chia ch nh thn, nh vy lm sao c th chp ng th l mt c? - Li chp ng th ba cng phi l. V sao? V lng ca ng rt nh nh mt my vi trn, nh th th lm sao ng c th khin c thn to ln chuyn ng? Nu ni ng tuy nh nhng tun chuyn rt nhanh trong thn, ging nh vng la quay, nn nh tung n chuyn ng trong thn, th thi ci ng chng phi mt, chng phi thng, v ci g c qua li chyn ng th u chng phi thng nht vy. - Li c ba th chp ng: 1. Chp ng tc un. 2. Chp ng la un. 3. Chp ng chng phi tc chng phi la un. - Th nht, chp ng tc un, khng ng l. V ng y nn ging nh un, chng phi thng, nht. Li cc sc trong thn chng phi l tht ng, v n ging nh cc sc ngoi thn, c s cht ngi. Cn Tm, Tm s php cng chng phi tht ng, v i c cc duyn, Tm, Tm s mi pht sinh, n khng hng thng tng tc c. Cc php Bt tng ng hnh, cc sc thuc php x nhip khc, cng chng phi tht ng, v n ging nh h khng, khng c tnh gic tri (khng gic tri th u phi ng). - Th hai, chp ng la un, cng khng ng l. V ng la un th n cng nh h khng, khng c tc nghip v th qu. - Th ba, chp ng chng phi tc un, chng phi la un, cng khng ng l. V cho rng ng nng un mi lp, chng phi tc un la un th ng ging nh ci bnh (bnh do dt lm ra, bnh khng l t, cng khng la t m c), chng phi l tht ng. Li khng th ni ng thuc hu vi hay v vi (ng tc l un th thuc hu vi, ng la un th thuc v vi. y ng chng tc nm un chng phi la nm un, tc khng th ni l hu vi hay v vi), th cng khng th ni l ng hay phi ng.

Th nn, cc li chp ng trn khng thnh. - Li cc ng th c chp cho l tht c , l n c t l hay khng t l? Nu ng c t l th v thng, v khng phi lc no cng c t l. Nu ng khng t l th ging nh h khng, khng th tc nghip v th qu. Cho nn li chp ng khng thnh. - Li cc ng th c chp cho l tht c , n c tc dng hay khng tc dng? Nu c tc dng th ng ging nh tay chn, l phi v thng. Nu khng tc dng th ng ging nh sng th, khng phi l tht ng. Th nn chp ng chng tc un, chng la un cng khng thnh. - Li cc ng th c chp cho c tht , n c phi l cnh s duyn ca ng kin chng? Nu n khng l cnh s duyn ca ng kin th cc ng ln sao bit l tht ng? Nu ng l cnh s duyn ca ng kin th l ra ai c ng kin l ngi chng thuc vo hng ngi in o, v h bit ng nh tht (nu c tht ng, th ngi no chp c ng, c ng kin, l ngi bit ng nh tht, ch khng phi in o). Nu th, th ti sao ngi chp c ng li b k tin vo ch gio v ng ch bai v ch xng tn ngi khng chp ng rng: "Khng chp ng th c th chng Nit bn, ngi chp ng th b trm lun sanh t", ch u c th ngi c t kin chp ng li chng Nit bn, cn ngi chnh kin khng chp ng li b trm lun sanh t! - Li cc ng kin khng th duyn tht ng, v n c s duyn, ging nh tm duyn cc php khc. Li s duyn ca ng khin nht nh khng phi l tht ng, v n l s duyn, nh cc php sc, hng v.v... Th nn ng kin khng duyn tht ng, ch duyn cc un do ni thc bin hin, ri ty theo vng tnh so o chp trc ny n. (4)

---o0o--III. HAI TH NG CHP

- Nhng tt c ng chp lc c hai th: 1. Cu sanh. 2. Phn bit. - Ng chp cu sanh l ng chp t v th n nay do sc h vng hun tp bn trong tm, n cng mt ln sinh ra vi thn, ch khng i c t gio v t phn bit mi sinh, m l nhm vn chuyn bin hin khi, nn gi l Cu sanh. Loi Cu sanh ny c hai: 1. Thng tng tc, tc thc th by duyn kin phn ca thc th tm, khi ln tng kin phn ca thc th tm y trn t thc th by v chp ly tng lm tht ng.

2. C gin on, tc thc th su duyn vo tng nm th un c bin hin trn t thc n, hoc duyn chung c nm th un hoc duyn ring tng th un, khi ln tng dng y trn t thc, ri chp ly tng lm tht ng. hai th cu sanh ng chp ny vi t nn kh on tr. V sau trong giai on tu o, thng thng tu tp php qun sanh khng th thng (nhn v ng, tu o v qun l sanh khng su hn kin o v, nn gi l thng sanh khng qun) mt cch trit mi c th on tr c. - Ng chp phn bit cng do sc ca duyn hin ti bn ngoi, n chng cng mt ln sanh ra vi thn, m phi i c t gio v t phn bit mi sanh khi c, nn gi l phn bit. Th ng chp phn bit ny ch c thc. y cng c hai: Mt l duyn t gio ni v tng nm un, ri khi ln tng y trn t tm v phn bit so o chp ly tng lm tht ng. Hai l duyn t gio ni v tng ng, ri khi tng y trn t tm, v phn bit so o chp ly tng lm tht ng. Hai th ng chp phn bit ny th ph nn d on tr. Trong lc tu tng kin o, qun tt c php l sanh khng chn nh (nhn v ng), tc c th on tr. Tt c ng chp v nm th un nu trn, i vi th un bn ngoi t tm th hoc c, hoc khng, cn i vi nm th un khi ln bn trong t tm th u c (th un bn ngoi t tm hoc c, hoc khng, l nh chp c tht ng ngoi tm, th ng th hon ton khng c, ging nh lng ra; cn chp cc th un do nhn duyn, y tha khi lm ng, th un l tht c, song tm duyn khng ti, v n l s s duyn, nn cng gi l ngoi tm. Ngha th hai l nh thc th by duyn thc th tm, chp lm ng, thc th tm ngoi thc th by, n c tht, cn thc th su i thc th tm th khng duyn ti, tc l khng. Nhng bn cht th un s s duyn th hoc c, hoc khng c tht; cn nh tng tng phn th un c bin ra trn t thc m duyn th nh tng y lun lun l c). Th nn bit ng chp u duyn theo tng nm th un v thng m vng chp l ng. Nhng cc tng un y u t duyn sanh, chng ch c mt cch nh huyn, v so o sai quy chp nm th un l ng, th ng quyt nh chng phi c tht. Cho nn Kh kinh ni: "B s nn bit, cc th ng kin ca hng Sa mn, B la mn trong th gian, tt c u duyn theo tng nm th un m khi ra". (5)

---o0o--IV GII THCH VN NN

Hi: - Nu khng c tht ng lm sao c cc vic nh, bit, tng, tp, n, on? p: - Tht ng nh cc ng chp, n thng hng khng bin i, th lc sau ging nh lc trc, cc vic nh, bit, tng, tp, n, on chng th no c c. Hoc lc trc ging nh lc sau, cc vic nh, bit, tng, tp, n, on lun lun chng lc no khng; v sau vi trc, ng th khng sai khc vy. Nu cho rng ng dng trc sau

bin dch ch chng phi ng th, l cng khng ng. V dng khng la th, dng nn phi thng nh th, th khng la dng, th nn chng phi thng nh dng. Nhng cc hu tnh mi mi u c bn thc th tm, trc sau nht loi tng tc, t gi gn chng t, chng t cng vi tt c php hin hnh lm nhn cho nhau, do sc hun tp m c c cc vic nh, bit v.v... Do th, li ct nn ca ng va ri l c li i vi tng ch ca ng, ch khng phi vi tng ch ca ti. Hi: - Nu khng c tht ng th ai to nghip, ai chu qu bo? p: - Tht ng nh cc ng chp, n khng bin dch nh h khng, th lm sao n c th to nghip chu qu bo? Nu ng c bin dch th l v thng (u phi tht ng). Nhng cc loi hu tnh, do sc nhn duyn ca Tm, Tm s tng tc khng gin on, nn c vic to nghip v chu qu bo. iu ny i vi l khng tri. Hi: - Ng nu khng c th ci g sanh t lun hi trong cc th? Ai chn kh cu chng Nit bn? p: - Tht ng nh cc ng chp, n khng sanh dit, nh th lm sao c th ni n sanh t lun hi. Ng thng nh h khng, th khng b kh bc no, c g phi chn b cu chng Nit bn. Cho nn li ng ni ch lm hi ng thi. Song cc loi hu tnh, thn tm tip tc do phin no nghip lc, nn c s lun hi cc th v chn b kh cu chng Nit bn. Do th nn bit chc chn khng c tht ng, ch c cc thc, t v th n nay, trc dit sau sanh, nhn qu tip ni, do vng tnh hun tp, m c tng ng tng t hin ra, k ngu trong chp quy cho ng l tht. (6)

---o0o--V. PH CHP PHP

- Th no ngoi thc khng c php tht? - V php bn ngoi thc nh ca ngoi o v cc tha gio khc chp, ng l th n chng phi c. - Php ca ngoi o chp ti sao khng c? Phi s lun chp: "Ng l t", n th dng 24 php nh Gic i v.v... Ba c Tt a, Lt x, p ma (dng, trn, m, hay tham, sn, si) hp li to thnh v.v... Nhng

php Gic i v.v... do ba s gc l Tt a, Lt x, p ma hp thnh, l tht chng phi gi, hin lng nm bt c. Li chp kia phi l. V sao? V cc php Gic i v.v... do ba s gc nh vy hp thnh, th n ging nh o qun hay m rng, l gi ch chng phi tht, lm sao c th ni php l hin lng nm bt c? Li cc php Gic i v.v... nu l tht c th n nh ba s gc ( l Tt a, Lt x, p ma), chng phi do ba s gc hp thnh. Li Tt a v.v... cng chnh l Gic i v.v... th ng l n cng nh Gic i v.v... phi do ba s gc hp thnh v cng chuyn bin v thng nh Gic i. Li ba s gc l Tt a, Lt x, p ma, mi ci c nhiu cng nng, vy th n cng phi nhiu, v cng nng v th l mt vy. Li ba th u bin khp, th khi mt ch chuyn bin thi cc ch khc l phi cng chuyn bin, v th khng khc nhau vy. Cn nh ba s y, th v tng u khc nhau, th th lm sao ha hp chung thnh mt tng? V khng l khi ha hp bin lm mt tng, cng vi khi cha ha hp, th khng khc nhau. Nu cho rng ba s , th tuy khc m tng ng, th bn tri vi tn ch ca ng ch trng th v tng l mt. Th nn nh tng, m thm l mt; tng nn nh th, r rt l ba. Cho nn khng th ni ba th hp thnh mt tng. Li ba s sai bit, Gic i v.v.. l tng. Tng v bit chung mt, nn chng phi mt, chng phi ba. Khi ba s bin chuyn nu khng ha hp thnh mt tng, th nn nh khi cha bin chuyn, lm sao ta li hin thy l mt sc tng v.v... ? Nu ba s ha hp thnh mt tng, th l mt bit tng gc v th cng phi theo mt lun. Khng th ni ba s u c hai tng, l mt tng mt bit, v tng tc l bit, tng cng phi l ba, nh th lm sao li thy mt? Nu cho rng ba th u c ba tng ha ln kh bit, nn thy l mt th cng khng c; v c ba tng th u cn c th thy l mt, li lm sao bit ba s c khc? Nu kia mi mi th u ba tng, th nn mi mi s u c th thnh c sc, thanh v.v... ch c thiu g m phi i ba s ha hp. V mi th cng nn c ba tng, v th tc l tng vy. Li cc php Gic i v.v... u do ba s hp thnh, ln lt i vi nhau khng c sai bit, th thi nhn qu, ng duy lng, ng i, cc cn mi mi u khng sai bit. Nu khng sai bit th mt cn c th nhn bit c tt c cnh, hoc mt cnh m tt c cn u nhn bit c, th thi hin thy bng hin lng, t lng cc vt tnh phi tnh, tnh, u trong th gian, u khng sai khc nhau. Nh th l c li ln. Cho nn bit tht php ca phi S lun kia chp khng thnh, n ch do vng tnh so o chp cho l c thi. (7) Pho thng lun chp: "Cc c ngha nh Tht, c v.v... phn nhiu l c tht v c t tnh, hin lng nm bt c".

- Li chp ny khng ng l. V sao? V trong cc c ngha, nhng ci c tnh thng tr, nu n c th sanh ra qu th l v thng (tn), v n c tc dng (nhn) nh qa c sanh (d). Nu n khng sanh ra qu th n khng th la thc c t tnh tht, v nh sng th. Li cc ci v thng, nu c th cht ngn ngi th l c phng hng v phn v, nu c phng hng v phn v th c th phn tch, nh i qun, m rng, chng phi c tht tnh. Nu khng cht ngi nh Tm, Tm s th n khng th la Tm, Tm s m c tht tnh. Li t, nc, la, gi ca phi Thng lun kia chp, chng phi c cht ngi, nhip vo c ngha tht (tn), v do thn cn xc chm (nhn) v nh cng, t, nng, ng (d). V chnh cng, t, nng, ng ca phi Thng lun chp, chng phi khng cht ngi, nhip vo c ngha "c" (tn), v do thn cn xc chm (nhn) v nh t, nc, la, gi (d). t nc, la ba th nh i vi mu xanh v.v... u do mt thy, th chun theo l l y m khin trch. Th nn bit khng tht c tnh, t, nc, la, gi cng cng, t v.v... ring bit, cng khng phi mt thy t, nc, la, gi tht. Li phi Thng lun kia chp: "Trong tht c ngha, nhng ci c cht ngi v thng, ng ra l v thng (tn), v u c cht ngi (nhn), v nh t th (d) v.v... Trong cc c ngha, nhng php khng cht ngi, c sc cn nhn bit, ng ra u c cht ngi (tn), v h cho php do sc cn nhn bit (nhn) v nh t, nc, la, gi (d). Li phi Thng lun kia chp: nm c ngha nh c, Nghip v.v... khng nhip vo tht c, ng l n chng phi la ngoi thc m c tnh ring (tn), v n khng nhip vo tht c (nhn), v nh a con ca ngi con gi (d). Tht, c c v.v... chng nhip vo i hu tnh, th ng l n chng phi la ngoi thc ring c t tnh (tn), v n chng nhip vo i hu tnh (nhn), v nh hoa m gia khng (d). Li i hu tnh ca phi Thng lun chp: "La ngoi Tht, c v.v... khng ring c t tnh (tn), v h cho rng i hu tnh chng phi khng (nhn), v nh Tht, c (d). Nu la Tht, c v.v... th chng phi l i hu tnh (tn), v h cho rng i hu tnh khc vi Tht, c, (nhn) v.v... v nh ci hon ton khng (d). Nh i hu tnh chng phi khng, (tc c) khng cn ring c hu tnh lm cho n c, th th ti sao Tht, c v.v... li cn ring c hu tnh lm cho n c? Nu la ngoi php khng li cn ring c v tnh. Nhng kia khng th th sao y li th? Cho nn bit i hu tnh ca phi Thng lun kia chp ch l do so o h vng. Li phi Thng lun kia chp: "Tnh ng d ca Tht, c, Nghip c ring khc vi th Tht, c, Nghip", l chc chn khng ng. Ch ni tnh ng d cng chng phi l tnh ng d ca Tht, c, Nghip (tn), v n c th ring khc vi th ca Tht (nhn), v nh c, Nghip (d). Li l ng Tht, c v.v... chng phi nhip vo Tht, c (tn) v.v..., v khc vi tnh ng d ca Tht, c (nhn) v.v..., v nh c, Nghip v Tht (d).

Cc tnh ng d ca t, nc, la, gi i vi cc th t, nc, la, gi, qua li ct nn, chun theo y nn bit. Nh tnh ng d ca Tht v.v... khng ring c tnh ng d ngoi Tht v.v... lm cho n thnh tnh ng d, th ngoi "Tht" v.v... cng khng nn ring c tnh ng d ca Tht lm cho Tht, c, Nghip thnh ng d. Nu la Tht ring c tnh ng d ca Tht, thi l ra la phi Tht nn ring c tnh phi ng d ca phi Tht. Nhng kia khng th, th sao y li th? Cho nn bit "ng d tnh", ch l gi ba t. Li c ngha "ho hp" ca phi Thng lun kia chp chc chn khng phi tht c (tn), v n nhip vo cc php phi tht v.v... (nhn), v nh ci hon ton khng (d). Phi Thng lun kia cho rng: "Tht v.v... do hin lng nhn bit", ly l suy xt n cn chng phi tht c, hung chi c ngha "ha hp" m theo h khng phi hin lng nhn bit, th u li c th tht c? Gi s cho c ngha ha hp l cnh hin lng nhn bit, th bi l l va ni, n cng chng phi tht c. Nhng cc c ngha Tht v.v... kia chng phi l t th tht c ngoi thc do hin lng nhn bit (tn), v h cho n l ci b bit (nhn), v nh lng ra (d). Li tr duyn "Tht c" chng phi nhip vo tr hin lng duyn t th tht c ngoi thc (tn), v n gi ha hp sanh (nhn), v nh tr duyn "c c" (d) v.v... ni rng cho n tr duyn "ha hp c" cng chng phi nhip vo tr hin lng duyn t th "ha hp c" ngoi thc (tn), v n gi ha hp sanh (nhn), v nh tr duyn "Tht c" (d). Do nn bit "Tht c ngha v.v..." ca phi Thng lun chp cng ch l theo vng tnh ba t ra. (8) - Li c ngi chp c mt "i T Ti thin c tht th bin khp thng hng, sanh ra vn vt". Li chp kia cng phi l. V sao? V nu l ci g nng sinh th chc chn ci l v thng, cc ci v thng th chc chn khng th bin khp, cc ci khng bin khp th khng phi tht hu. V ci g th l thng, bin khp, li c cc cng nng, th ng l ci khp tt c ch, tt c lc, v ng lot sanh ra tt c php. Cn nu i c mun v c duyn khc n mi c th sanh, th b tri vi Nht nhn lun. Hoc mun v duyn khc cng nn ng lot khi ln, v thng c vy. - Ngoi ra, c ngi chp c mt "Phm thin", "thi gian", "phng hng", "bn t", "t nhin", "h khng", "ng" v.v... l thng tr, l tht c, cc cng nng, sanh ra tt c php. Nhng li chp y u c ph bc ging nh y. - C ngi chp "ring th m thanh" trong Ng minh lun (V lun") l thng, n c th lm nh lng din t cc php. Li c ngi chp "tt c m thanh u l thng", ch ch gp duyn m pht hin, mi c kh nng din t. Hai li chp m thanh trn u phi l. V sao? V m thanh trong Ng minh lun c kh nng din t, th n khng phi thng tr (tn), v cho n c kh nng din t

(nhn), v nh cc m thanh khc (d). Cc m thanh khc cng chng phi l thanh th thng cn (tn), v phi ch duyn mi c (nhn), v nh ci bnh, o (d). - C ngoi o chp "cc v ca t, nc, gi, la l tht c, thng cn, c kh nng sanh ra th sc, cc th sc c sanh ra khng vt qu phm vi ca nhn, nn cc th sc y tuy l v thng, m c th n tht c". Li chp ny cng phi l. V sao? V cc vi y nu c phng hng, phn v, v nh n kin, th th n chng phi tht. Nu khng c phng hng, phn v, v nh Tm, Tm s, th n khng th t tp chung quanh sanh ra qu sc th. Nu n sanh qu (nhn), th n cng ging nh qu c sanh (d), lm sao c th bo cc vi l thng tr (tn)? Li qu sc c sanh, khng vt khi phm vi ca nhn cc vi, th n cng nh cc vi, khng gi l sc th, thi qu sc ny khng phi cc sc cn nh nhn v.v... nhn bit, v th l tri vi ch trng ca mnh. Nu bo "qu sc l do lng v c hp li, nn khng phi th m nh l th, sc cn c th nhn bit", song qu sc c chp ng vi lng ca nhn cc vi, th n nh cc vi, khng cng vi th hp c. Hoc bo cc vi cng vi tnh th hp, th n nh qu sc th, cng chung mt ch. Nu bo "qu sc bin khp t th ca nhn cc vi, v nhn chng phi mt, nn c th gi l th", nu th thi th ca qu sc chng phi l mt. Nh ch ca nhn cc vi c ring khc vy. vy th qu sc ny li khng thnh th sc, do cng khng phi sc cn nhn bit c. Nu qu sc c nhiu phn hp li nn thnh th, nhiu cc vi nhn hp li th chng phi l nh, tr thnh cn v cnh, th cn dng qu sc lm g? lo nhiu phn hp thnh, th khng phi tht c. Th thi bit li chp ca ng trc sau tri nhau. Li qu v nhn u c cht ngi, th khng cng trn mt v tr nu hai cc vi. Nu bo "qu "v nhn th nhp vo nhau nh nc nhp vo ct, thuc nhp vo nc ng"; ai chp nhn th ca ct v nc ng thu nhn nc v thuc u! Hoc nc thu nhn ct, th th ca ht ct, bin i ri nhau, chng phi mt, thng; nc ng thu nhn thuc, th th nc ng bin thnh vng, chng phi cn l mt, l thng. Li qu sc th, th n nu l mt, th khi thc bit c mt phn ny l phi thy c tt c cc phn khc; v kia, y l mt, th kia hn phi nh y. Nu ng khng chp nhn nh th th tri s. Th l iu ngi kia chp, ti lui u bt thnh. ch theo vng tnh so o chp trc. (9) Nhng cc ngoi o chp tuy c nhiu phm loi, song php th (hu php) b chp khng ngoi bn th: - Mt l chp hu php (ch Gic i v.v... ca S lun) cng vi tnh c (ch Minh tnh ca S lun) th ch l mt, nh phi S lun chp. Li chp ny phi l. V sao? V ng bo ht thy php chnh l tnh c. Nu ht thy php chnh l tnh c, th n u nh tnh c, th khng sai khc, bn tri vi ba c (Tt o, Lt x, p ma) v ng, mi ci th khc nhau (theo S lun chp) v tri vi th gian hin thy cc php c sai

khc nhau. Li nu sc v.v... chnh l tnh ca sc v.v... th sc khng nn c xanh, vng khc nhau. - Hai l chp hu php (ch Tht, c, Nghip ca Thng lun) cng vi tnh c (ch i hu tnh ca Thng lun), th khc nhau, nh phi Thng lun chp, Li chp ny cng phi l. V sao? V ng bo ht thy php phi l phi tnh c. Ging nh vt dit khng cn g bit c, l tri vi "Tht c" v.v... t th n khng phi khng, v cng tri vi th gian hin thy c cc vt. Li nu sc khng phi tnh sc, th sc nn nh l ting, khng phi l cnh ca mt thy. - Ba l chp hu php cng vi tnh n cng mt cng khc, nh phi ngoi o V tm chp. Li chp ny cng phi l. V sao? V ni mt v khc u b li nh mt v khc ni trn kia. Hai tng khc nhau, th th phi sai khc nhau. Cn nu mt v khc ng th, u khng thnh c. Ch c bo ht thy php cng ng mt th. Hoc mt v khc ch l gi khng phi tht m chp l tht, th l khng thnh. - Bn l hu php cng vi tnh c chng mt chng khc, nh phi ngoi o T mng chp. Li chp ny cng phi l. V sao? V chng mt chng khc khc th l ng vi mt v khc. Li ni chng mt chng khc l li ni gi hay biu (ph nh hay khng nh). Nu l biu th khng nn ni phi c hai, cn nu l gi th l khng chp chi ht. Cn cng gi cng biu th l b tri ln nhau. Cn phi gi phi biu th thnh h lun. Li ni chng mt chng khc l tri vi s hiu bit chung ca th gian v cc vt c mt c khc. V cng tri vi ch trng ca mnh (cc php sc v.v... quyt nh tht c". Th nn bit li ni ca kia ch l li quanh co chy li, nhng ngi c tr, ch lm chp nhn. (10)

---o0o--VI. PH CC THA GIO CHP PHP

- Cc tha gio khc chp " la ngoi thc tht c cc php nh sc, hng v.v..." Nh th no cc php ny chng phi c? - V cc php sc, hng, bt tng ng hnh v php v vi ca Tiu tha kia chp, ng l chng phi tht c. V sc v.v... c Tiu tha chp gm c hai th: Mt l sc c i ngi, do cc vi to thnh. Hai l sc khng i ngi, chng phi do cc vi hp thnh.

Sc c i ngi kia, chc chn khng tht c, v cc vi nng thnh ra sc y chng phi tht c. Ngha l cc cc vi nu c cht ngi th hn nh ci bnh, l gi chng phi tht. Nu khng cht ngi th hn nh phi sc, lm sao c th tp hp thnh sc nh bnh, o v.v...? Li cc cc vi nu c phng hng v phn v, th chc chn c th phn tch, tc chng phi tht c. Nu khng c phng hng v phn v, thi nh phi sc, lm sao ha hp li thnh th sc, khi nh sng chiu vo th hin ra bng, nh khi mt tri chiu vo cy tr, c bng v sng hin ra hai bn ng, Ty? Pha ng tip nhn ly nh sng, pha Ty pht ra bng, ch nhn nh sng v ch hin ra bng khng ng, th cc vi kia chc chn c phng hng v phn v. Li nu khi mt thy v thn xc chm cc vt nh vch tng v.v... th ch c thy v xc chm phn bn ny, ch khng thy v xc chm phn bn kia, cc vt y do chnh cc vi ha hp thnh ra. Vy cc vi y chc chn c phng hng v phn v. Li cc cc vi, ty ch no, chc chn c trn, di, ng, Ty sai khc nhau. Khng nh vy th cc vi nh phi sc khng cn c ngha ha tp chung. Hoc cho rng cc vi thip nhp vo nhau, nn khng thnh th sc. Do cc vi ny quyt chc c phng hng v phn v. Li chp sc c i ngi chnh l cc cc vi. Nu cc vi khng c phng hng v phn v, th sc c i ngi cng nh cc vi khng c cch ngi, nhng nu khng cch ngi th khng phi sc c i ngi. Th nn, cc vi ca cc ng chp quyt chc c phng hng v phn v. V c phng hng v phn v tc c th phn tch, c th phn tch th nht ng khng phi tht c. Cho nn chp sc c i ngi v tht c, khng thnh. hi: - Ng thc h khng phi c sc lm s y, s duyn sao? p: - Tuy khng phi khng sc, nhng sc l do thc bin. Ngha l thc sanh khi, do nng lc nhn duyn bn trong ni thc, bin hin ra tng tng t v mt v sc, ly ngay tng lm cn s y v cnh s duyn. Nhng cc cn nhn, nh y khng th c bit bng hin lng, ch da qua tc dng pht sanh thc ca n m so snh bit n c. V n ch l mt th cng nng, khng phi do sc bn ngoi to nn. Sc c i ngi bn ngoi, v l khng thnh, th nn n ch l do ni thc bin hin. Do cng nng pht sinh nhn thc m gi n l nhn cn v.v... N l ch nng g pht sanh nhn thc v.v... Ci duyn v s duyn bn ngoi ca nhn thc, v l chng phi tht c, nn phi chp nhn do t thc bin hin lm ci duyn v s duyn, ngha l ci tng dn sanh ra thc tng t vi n. Cc ng chp n l ci duyn v s duyn l khng ng, v chng phi ch c kh nng lm pht sanh m cho l ci duyn v s duyn. Ch bo nhn duyn v.v... cng l ci duyn v s duyn ca thc (S duyn duyn ca thc phi c

hai ngha. Mt l c kh nng pht sanh thc; hai l lm i tng cho thc duyn. Nm cn ch c kh nng pht sanh nm thc ch khng lm i tng cho nm thc duyn, th khng th gi nm cn l S duyn duyn. Nu nm cn ch mt ngha l pht sanh thc m gi n l S duyn duyn, th Nhn duyn, ng v gin duyn cng c kh nng pht sanh thc, v l cng cho l S duyn duyn c sao?) Hoc cho khi nm thc nhn, nh v.v... liu bit sc, thanh, n ch duyn vi tng sc thanh ha hp, tng t tng cc vi kia cng khng ng, v khng phi tng sc, thanh ha hp li c tht th ring, khc vi cc vi. V khi phn tch tng sc thanh ha hp y, th ci thc duyn cc tng sc thanh ha hp tng cc vi kia nht nh khng pht sanh na. Tng ha hp kia khng tht c, nn khng th ni n l ci duyn ca nm thc. Ch bo rng mt trng th hai li c th lm duyn pht sanh nm thc, (mt trng th hai do mt la m c, n ch lm i tng trng thy [s duyn] ch n khng phi c tht, lm duyn pht sanh ra thc) Li chng phi cc cc vi v tr ha hp nhau li l c th lm s duyn cho nm thc, v trn nm thc khng thy c tng cc vi (cc vi ch c vi thc). Li chng phi cc cc vi sn c tng ha hp, v khi n khng ha hp th khng c tng ha hp . Li chng phi v tr ha hp vi khi khng ha hp, th tng cc cc vi khc nhau. Cho nn v tr ha hp cng nh khng ha hp, cc vi ca sc v.v... chng phi l cnh s duyn ca nm thc. - C ngi chp "mi mi cc vi ca sc v.v... khi khng ha tp th khng phi l cnh s duyn ca nm thc, nhng khi v tr ha tp, ln lt gip nhau pht sanh ra th tng th lm cnh s duyn cho thc, Tng tht c lm cnh s duyn. Li chp ny khng ng. V v tr ha tp cng vi khi cha ha tp, th tng cc vi l mt. V v cc vi ca cc vt bnh, bn, bng nhau th thc duyn theo tng phi khng khc nhau mi c. V v tr ha tp, mi mi cc vi b tng trn vi t sn c ca n. Li chng phi thc duyn tng th li duyn tng vi t. Ch bo rng thc duyn cc cnh ny li duyn cc cnh khc, mt thc li duyn tt c cnh. Chp nhn c cc vi cn b li nh th, hung khng c cc vi tht ngoi thc (m li chp c cc vi ngoi thc sao?). Do bit chc tng sc tng t t t thc bin hin ra lm ci duyn s duyn. V kin phn nng ni pht sanh, ng thi mang theo tng . Nhng khi thc bin, ty lng ln nh, kp hin ra mt tng, ch khng phi ring bin lm nhiu cc vi ri hp li thnh mt vt.

V ngi ta chp th sc c tht th, nn Pht ni cc vi khin h phn tch tr b, ch chng phi Pht bo cc sc c cc vi tht. Cc v tu Du gi dng tu gi tng i vi tng sc th, ln lt phn tch, cho n khi khng phn tch c na, gi ni l cc vi. Tuy l cc vi vn cn c phng hng v phn v, nhng khng th phn tch c. Nu phn tch tip th s c tng gn nh h khng hin ra, khng cn gi l sc, cho nn ni cc vi l ranh gii cng cc ca sc. Do nn bit cc sc c i ngi u do thc bin hin ch khng phi do cc vi hp thnh. Cc sc khng i ngi, v cng l mt loi ny, nn cng khng phi tht c. Hoc v khng i ngi ging nh Tm, Tm s, quyt chc khng phi tht sc. Cc sc c i ngi, hin c sc tng, ly l suy xt, la thc cn khng c, hung sc khng i ngi, hin khng c sc tng m li c th bo l sc php tht c ? (11) Hi: - "Biu sc, V biu sc", h khng phi tht c? p: - Chng chng phi tht c. V sao? V nh biu sc ca thn, nu l tht c th ly g lm th tnh? Nu ni ly hnh lng lm thn th tc khng phi tht c, v hnh lng c th phn tch cho n cc vi th khng th cn c di ngn v.v... N ni ly ng tc lm thn, cng khng phi tht c, v va sanh lin dit, khng c ngha ng chuyn, v php hu vi dit l t dit, khng cn i nhn (duyn) mi dit. Dit nu cn phi i nhn th khng thnh dit. N ni c sc m khng phi hin sc, khng phi hnh sc, m l do tm dn sanh c ng tay chn, gi l thn biu nghip, cng khng ng l. V sc nu l ng, th b ph nh ngha trc. Nu l nhn ca ng th tc l gi, song gi khng biu th, khng th gi l biu. Li nu gi y l thn xc, th xc khng thng c tnh thin c (m thn nghip th thin c). Li nu l hng, v, th khng phi hin sc, do vi xc m bit. Th nn Thn biu nghip, chng phi tht c. Nhng do tm lm nhn, do bn thc bin hin ra sc tng ni tay chn, sanh dit tip ni, chuyn t v tr ny n v tr khc, nh tung c ng tc, biu th ci tm, gi gi l thn biu. Ng biu nghip cng khng phi tht c tnh m thanh, ly lm ng biu, v m thanh trong mt st na khng biu th c chi ht, cn nhiu st na ni tip th li khng tht. Li sc c i ngi bn ngoi trc y ph. Nhng nhn ni tm th su m bn thc bin ra t m thanh, sanh dit tip ni, nh tung c biu th, gi danh ni l ng biu, th khng tri l. Biu sc khng tht, th V biu sc u c tht. Nhng y theo tm t nguyn vng, c phn hn gia thin c ring bit, gi lp tn l V biu. V l cng khng tri. Ngha l v biu y hoc y ni chng t "T" tng trng c kh nng pht ra thn v ng thin c m lp. Hoc y ni "T tm s" hin hnh trong khi Thin nh, c kh nng ngn dt thn ng c m lp. Th nn l gi c.

Hi: - Trong kinh c Th Tn ni c ba nghip. Nay bc thn nghip nh th, h khng tri kinh? p: - y khng phi bc l khng, m ch ni n khng phi l tht sc. "T tm s" pht ng ni thn, gi l thn nghip, "T tm s" pht ng ra ng, gi l ng nghip. "Thm t l" v "Quyt nh t" tng ng vi , tc ng , gi l nghip. "T tm s" khi ra ni thn, ng, c s to tc, gi l nghip. Thn v ng l ng i ca Thm l t v Quyt nh t. Li nghip nhn thin c sanh ra qu D thc kh, lc, nn cng gi l o, gi chung l nghip o. Cho nn by nghip o (thn ba nghip, ming bn nghip) trc cng u ly "T" lm t tnh. Hoc thn biu, ng biu (khng phi nghip ) do "T tm s' pht ng, gi ni l nghip. N l con ng ca "T" i qua, nn gi l nghip o. Do nn bit tht khng c sc bn ngoi, m ch do ni thc bin sanh ra t nh sc bn ngoi.(12) - Bt tng ng hnh php cng khng tht c. V sao? V php Bt tng ng hnh nh "c", "phi c" v.v... n chng nh Sc, Tm v Tm s, c th c tng r rng. Khng th c php Bt tng ng hnh khc vi sc, Tm v Tm s m t c tc dng c. Do nn bit php Bt tng ng hnh, chng phi tht c. Ch y ni phn v ca Sc, Tm v Tm s m gi lp, n nht nh khng th khc vi sc, Tm v Tm s m c tht th tht dng (tn), v n nhip vo hnh un (nhn), nh Sc, tm (d). Hoc v n khng nhip vo Tm, Tm s v sc, V vi, th v nh ci php hon ton khng, nn n nht nh khng phi tht c. Hoc v n khng nhip vo cc tht php khc, th cng nh cc gi php khc, chng phi c tht th. Lun ch: - V, kia (Tiu tha) nh th no m bit "c", "phi c" khc vi sc, tm, ring c tht th tc dng? Tiu tha p: - Do Kh kinh ni vy. Nh kinh ni: "B c gi la (phm phu, hu tnh) thnh tu thin c, Thnh gi thnh tu mi php v hc" (Tm chnh o, thm chnh gii thot, chnh tri phm phu). Li ni: "Hng D sanh khng thnh tu Thnh php, cc A la hn khng thnh tu phin no". Ch "thnh tu", "khng thnh tu" y, l hin t ngha "c" v "phi c". Lun ch: - Kinh khng ni: "c, phi c" khc vi sc, tm ring c tht th tht dng. Nn s dn chng trn khng thnh. Kinh cng ni: "Lun Vng thnh tu by bu". H phi chnh l thnh tu tha nhn v phi tnh? (Nm bu u l tha thn, hai bu sau thuc phi tnh). Nu bo i vi by bu c sc t ti, m gi ni l "thnh tu", th i vi php thin c lm sao khng chp nhn gi ni nh th, m c chp l tht c "c"? Nu bo by bu ngay hin ti nn c th gi ni "thnh tu", sao bit ring php thin c c thnh tu li la hin ti m c? Nu la hin ti thi php thin c tht ng l chng phi c. Hin ti chc chn c ht ging thin c v.v... Li, "c" i vi cc php, c cng dng g th thng? Nu ni "c" c kh nng lm nhn cho php sanh khi, th l ra n cng c th lm nhn sanh khi php v vi? Li

tt c vt v tri khng c "c" th l ra vnh vin khng khi, v nhng vt cha c hoc mt th l ra vnh vin khng sanh (nhng thc t n vn khi sanh). Nu bo do "Cu sanh c" lm nhn m khi ln, thi hai th sanh (l sanh v sanh sanh) ca ngi chp thnh v dng. Li nu ly ci nhn ba tnh thin, c, v k lm Cu sanh c, th thin, c, v k nn khi ra mt ln, nu phi ch duyn khc n mi khi, th "c' tr thnh v dng. Nu "c" i vi php, chnh l ci nhn khng mt, loi hu tnh nh m thnh tu thin, c. Nhng cc php thin c thnh c u khng la khi hu tnh. Nu khi hu tnh th khng c g tht. "c". Cho nn "c" i vi cc php tr thnh v dng. "c khng tht c, th "phi c" cng vy. Nhng nng cc php c th thnh tu ni hu tnh, m theo phn v gi lp c ba th thnh tu: Mt l chng t thnh tu. Hai l t ti thnh tu. Ba l hin hnh thnh tu. Ngc li y, gi lp tn "chng thnh tu" (phi c). Loi ny tuy nhiu, nhng y i vi a v cha hi vnh vin chng t lu hoc do kin s on trong ba ci m gi lp "phi c' v gi l "D sanh tnh" (phm phu) v cha thnh tu c cc Thnh php vy. Li lm sao (Tiu tha) bit ngoi Sc, Tm, Tm s, tht c php "ng phn"? V Kh kinh ni. Nh Kh kinh ni: "y l thin ng phn, y l nhn ng phn, cho n ni rng" (l phn ng nhau gia tri v tri, ngi v ngi). Lun ch: - Kinh ny khng ni khc vi Sc, Tm, Tm s tht c php ng phn ring, nn s dn chng trn khng thnh. Nu ni tr ng, ngn ng ng l nhn ni "ng phn" m khi, nn bit tht c "ng phn". Nu th thi l ng c cy cng nn c ng phn (theo nh ngha, ng phn ch ni v loi hu tnh). Li nhn ni "ng phn" m khi tr bit ng, ngn ng ng, th "ng phn" li nn c "ng phn" khc na. Nhng kia khng vy, th y sao li vy c? Li nu bo do "ng phn" lm nhn mi khi s vic ng, mun ng, nn bit tht c "php ng phn". Ni vy cng khng ng l. v do tp qun v trc lm nhn m khi s vic ng, cn g phi chp tht c php, "ng phn" ring lm nhn. Nhng y ni phn v sai bit ca thn tm tng t gia cc hu tnh m gi lp "ng phn". Li lm sao bit khc vi Sc, Tm, Tm s tht c "mng cn"? (Tiu tha p) do Kh kinh ni. Nh Kh kinh ni: " C sc sng, hi nng v thc l ba" (th, non, thc), nn bit c "mng cn" c gi l sc sng.

Lun ch: - Kinh ny khng ni khc vi Sc, Tm tht c th th, nn dn chng khng thnh. Li trc thnh lp ngha "sc (non) khng la thc, nn bit y xa la thc cng khng c mng cn" (v mng cn l mt phn ca sc). Li, nu "mng cn" tht c khc vi thc, th n cng ging nh th v tng v.v... chng phi tht "mng cn". Hi: - Nu khng c ba php nhu vy, ti sao kinh ni c ba php th, non, thc? Lun ch: - V ngha c sai khc nn ni c ba, nh ni bn chnh on (ch c tinh tn m v ngha c sai khc nn ni l bn). Hi: - ( khng c thc) th a v v tm, th v non l phi khng c? p: - u phi kinh khng ni thc chng la thn sao? Hi: - Nu (thc khng la thn) nh vy, th sao gi l a v v tm? p: - a v kia ch dit chuyn thc m gi l v tm, ch khng phi dit A li da thc. L do c thc A li da ny, sau y s ni r. Chnh thc A li da ny lm ci th cho ba ci, su th, bn loi sanh. l qu D thc bin khp hng tng tc, ch khi phi nhc chp ring c "mng cn" tht lm g? Nhng y ni chng t thn sanh ra thc th tm ny, n do cng nng sai bit ca nghip trc dn dt dn ni chn v tn ti trong thi gian nht nh, m gi lp l "mng cn" thi. Li, lm sao (Tiu tha bit hai "nh v tm" (l V tng nh v Dit tn nh) v qu D thc tri V tng khc vi Sc, Tm, Tm s, c tht t tnh? (Tiu tha p) - Nu khng tht c hai nh v tm v qu D thc V tng th khng th ngn Tm, Tm s lm cho khng hin khi (Lun ch). Nu a v v tm, c php tht khc vi Sc, Tm, c kh nng ngn Tm, Tm s khng cho khi, m gi l nh v tm. Nu th, khi v sc, l phi c php v sc ring khc vi Sc, Tm, lm chng ngi sc, m c gi l V sc nh hay sao? Kia khng th, th y sao li th? Li, lm ngn ngi tm, cn g phi c tht php, nh iu, l php gi cng c th ngn ngi c. Ngha l khi tu nh, i vi nh c s gia cng, mhm chn Tm, Tm s th ng, pht tm k nguyn th thng, ngn Tm, Tm s, khin Tm, Tm s dn dn vi t, n hun vo D thc thc, thnh chng t nhm chn tm mt cch cc mnh, do s lm tn hi v un dp chng t tm , m tm th ng tm thi khng hin hnh, v nng ni phn v tm khng hin hnh m gi lp hai nh v tm. V chng t ny lnh nn nh cng gi l lnh

Ngi tu nh V tng trc ht cu qu v V tng, hun thnh chng t chiu cm thc D thc ci tri V tng, y nhng tng th ng da thc D thc khng cn hin hnh. Ngay ni phn v m lp l nh V tng. Da thc D thc m lp, nn c gi tn D thc. Cho nn bit ba php "V tng nh", "Dit tn nh", "V tng d thc" (V tng qu), cng khng phi tht c. (Ht cun mt ca bn Hn) - Li lm sao bit "cc tng hu vi" khc vi Sc, Tm, c t tnh tht? (Tiu tha p) Do Kh kinh ni vy. Nh Kh kinh ni: "C tng hu vi ca ba php hu vi" (php hin bit nh Sc, Tm; php hin th dng nh bnh, o; php c tc dng nh nm cn). Cho n ni rng.( Lun ch) Kinh ny khng ni khc vi Sc, Tm tht c tng hu vi sanh, tr v.v... nn li dn chng trn khng thnh. Khng phi v chuyn thanh th su (tm cch thay i tip v ng danh t, i danh t, hnh dung t trong Phn ng, gi l tm chuyn thanh, l th thanh, nghip, c, v, ty, thuc, , h thanh. Hoc gi tm cch l th cch tc ch ng. Dng cch hay th cch, tc cch, d cch, ot cch, s hu cch, y cch, h cch. thanh th su l "thuc thanh" hay "thuc cch", tc ch "ca" trong cu "ca php hu vi", l biu th th khc nhau gia php hu vi v tng hu vi). V th ca Sc, Tm chnh l Sc, Tm, chng phi th ca nng tng (l bn tng hu vi sanh tr, d, dit) nht nh khc vi s tng (l php hu vi Sc, Tm). V khng th bo tng cng, t (nng tng) khc vi t, nc (s tng) v.v... Nu tng ca hu vi khc vi th ca s tng (l php hu vi Sc, Tm), th th ca tng v vi phi nn khc vi s tng php v vi (nh chn nh v.v...). Li, bn tng "sanh, tr, d, dit", nu th n u tht c th nn phi trong tt c thi mt lt phi khi ln tc dng. Nu v bn tng tri nhau m dng khng th cng hin c c, thi bn th cng tri nhau, lm sao cng hin c c? Li, dng ca tr, d, dit cng khng cng khi, v nng tng l tr, d, dit v s tng l Sc, Tm, th cng sn c, th dng cng nn nh th, v khng c tnh ring. Nu bo dng ca sanh, tr, d, dit kia phi i nhn duyn mi khi, i nhn duyn, th l ra n khng phi sn c. Li, chp c tng sanh, tr, d, dit l v dng. Li, s tng l Sc, Tm hng c m cn i sanh tr n hp, th l ng php v vi sn c cng i sanh tr n hp, v ci nhn ca phpp v vi kia v php hu vi y khng th khc nhau vy. Li, i qu kh, v lai chng phi hin c, chng phi thng, ging nh khng hoa, khng tht, c tnh. Sanh ra gi l c, thi u phi v lai, dit mt gi l khng, th l ng khng phi hin ti. Dit nu chng phi khng, th sanh nn chng phi c. Li, "dit" tri vi "tr" lm sao c th chp cho ng thi, "tr" khng tri vi 'sanh", lm sao li khc thi. Cho nn bit li chp bn tng hu vi sanh, tr, d dit l tht c kia, ti lui gn hi thy u phi l.

Nhng php hu vi, do sc nhn duyn nn vn khng nay c, tm c li hon khng, v biu th n khc vi php v vi, nn gi lp bn tng. Vn khng nay c, ngay khi c gi l "sanh". Sanh tm dng gi l "tr", trong khi tr trc sau khc nhau, li lp tn "d". tm c li khng, ngay khi khng th gi l "dit". Ba tng sanh, tr, d trc l c, ng hin ti, mt tng dit sau l khng, nn thuc v qu kh. Hi: - Tng "dit" l v php, sao cho l tng ca hu vi? p: - V n biu th v sau khng, nn cho l tng, u c li g. Tng "sanh" biu th hu php t trc cha c, tng "dit" biu th hu php v sau khng c. Tng "d" biu th php khng ngng mt ch, tng "tr" biu th php tm thi c tc dng. Cho nn bn tng ny i vi php hu vi tuy u gi l biu th, nhng s biu th khc nhau. Da vo st na biu th , m gi lp bn tng. Hoc y vo phn v trong mt thi k cng c gi lp bn tng. Lc u c gi l sanh, lc sau khng gi l dit. Sanh ri ni tip tng t gi l tr, chnh khi ni tip m chuyn bin gi l d. Th nn bn tng u l gi lp. - Li, lm sao bit khc vi Sc, Tm tht c "danh, c, vn thn" din t? (Tiu tha p) Do Kh kinh ni vy. Nh Kh kinh ni: "Pht c c danh, c, vn thn hy hu". Lun ch - Nhng kinh ny khng ni khc vi Sc, Tm c danh c, vn thn tht nn li dn chng trn khng thnh. Nu danh, c, vn khc vi m thanh m tht c, th n ging nh sc, thanh v.v... khng tht c kh nng thuyn biu din t. Ngha l m thanh sanh ra "danh, c, vn", th m thanh ny chc c m vn khut khc thuyn biu, ch cn g "danh" na? Nu bo chnh m vn khut khc trn m thanh l danh, c, vn m l tht c khc vi m thanh, vy th l ng hnh lng khut khc ni sc ta thy cng khc vi sc m ring c tht th sao? Nu bo m vn khut khc ni m thanh ging nh m thanh dy n khng th thuyn biu c, th m thanh ngn ng ca hu tnh cng nh m thanh dy n v tnh kia, chng th sanh ra "danh" v.v... V li, ai ni m thanh dy n, khng c kh nng thuyn biu? Nu m thanh dy n c kh nng thuyn biu, vy m thanh ca gi, linh cng c tc dng thuyn biu sao? Nhng y cng nh kia khng ring sanh ra "danh, c, vn thn" tht. Nu cho rng ch m thanh ngn ng mi c kh nng sanh ra "danh, c" v.v... th ti sao khng chp nhn ch c ngn ng mi c kh nng thuyn biu? Do l g bit chc kh nng thuyn biu chnh l ngn ng? Lm sao bit khc vi ngn ng ring c nng thuyn? Ngn ng khng khc nng thuyn, l vic tri, ngi u bit, cn chp nng thuyn khc vi ngn ng, th ch c tri mi a thi.

Nhng y theo phn v sai bit ca m thanh ngn ng m gi lp "danh, c, vn thn". Danh din t t tnh, c din t ngha sai bit, cn vn tc l ch, ch nng ca danh v c. Ba th danh, c, vn la m thanh tuy khng c tht th, song bn danh, c, vn gi bn m thanh tht khc nhau. Do danh, c, vn cng chng phi chnh m thanh. Do danh, c, vn l "php v ngi gii", m thanh l "t v ngi gii", cnh gii c khc nhau. m thanh v danh, c nhip vo un, x, gii cng khc nhau. (m thanh nhip v sc un, thanh x, thanh gii, cn danh, c nhip v hnh un, php x, php gii). V y theo ci Ta b ny m ni danh, c, vn nng m thanh gi lp, ch khng phi tt c cc ci khc u th. C nhng ci Pht cng nng theo nh sng, hoc diu hng, diu v m gi lp danh, c, vn. - C ngi chp:""Ty min khc vi Tm, Tm s v nhip vo Bt tng ng hnh un". Li chp ny cng phi l. Gi l Ty min (chng t) tham, sn cng ging nh hin hnh tham, sn, chng nhip vo Bt tng ng hnh un. - i vi ngi chp tht c nhng php Bt tng ng hnh khc, th c chun theo l l trn, u ngn tr c. - Hoc chp cc "php v vi", la Sc, Tm chc chn tht c. - Theo l khng th c. V php quyt chc l c, lc c ba th: 1. Php hin bit c, nh Sc, Tm. 2. Php hin th dng c, nh bnh, o v.v... hai php ny ngi i u bit l c, khng i phi so snh l do. 3. Php c tc dng, nh mt tai v.v... do mi th mt, tai c tc dng m chng bit l c. Cn php v vi khng phi ngi i cng bit chc c. Li php v vi khng c tc dng nh mt, tai. Gi s chp nhn v vi c tc dng, th v vi phi v thng, th nn khng th chp v vi nht nh c. - Nhng cc v vi l tnh c bit, l tnh c hin l ca Sc, Tm, ging nh Sc, Tm, khng th chp la Sc, Tm c tnh v vi. Li, H khng v vi, Trch dit v vi, Phi trch dit v vi, th n l mt hay l nhiu? Nu th l mt v bin khp mi ni, m v th ca h khng dung th ht cc sc php, vy h khng ty theo php nng hp vi n m th n tr thnh nhiu, (nu th h khng l mt th) hp ch ny tt khng hp ch khc. Nu khng nh vy th cc php phi bin khp ln nhau. Nu bo h khng khng hp vi cc php, th h khng khng c th dung th, ging nh cc php v vi khc. Li, trong sc c h khng chng? Nu c th ln xn, khng c th h khng khng bin khp.

Nu chp Trch dit v vi l mt, th khi kit s ca trong mt b, mt phm lu hoc c on tr, (kin hoc do m Bn thnh bn b 88 hoc s, t hoc mt b 81 phm), tt phi c trch dit i vi kit s ca cc b, cc phm hoc khc. Khi mt php v thiu duyn khng sanh c th tt c phi c phi trch dit i vi tt c php. V kia chp cc php v vi ng mt th, th l phi nh vy. Nu chp ba php v vi th l nhiu nn c nhiu phm loi, tt n ging nh sc php, ch khng phi tht l php v vi. V h khng li khng phi bin khp dung th. - Cc b phi khc chp la Tm, Tm s tht c php v vi. Chun theo trn y ph. Li, cc php v vi, v chp nhn n khng c nhn qu, th ging nh sng th, chng phi khc vi tm m tht c c. - Nhng Kh kinh ni: "C cc php v vi nh h khng v vi v.v... lc c hai : 1. Y theo thc bin, gi t l c. Ngha l tng nghe ni n tn h khng, theo phn bit c cc tng h khng v.v... ri do sc tp quen mi nn khi tm sanh in tung c tng h khng v vi hin ra. Tng s hin y trc sau ni tip khng thay i, gi ni l thng. 2. Y theo php tnh, gi t l c. Ngha l c tnh chn nh do "khng, v ng" hin l, chng phi c, chng phi khng, bt dt ng tm suy ming ni, cng vi ht thy php chng phi mt chng phi khc. L chn l ca cc php, nn gi l php tnh hay gi l chn nh v vi, do sc gin trch dt ht cc nhim rt ro chng hi, nn gi l trch dit; khng do sc gin trch, m bn tnh vn thanh tnh, hoc v thiu duyn m c hin l, nn gi l phi trch dit; s th kh vui dit ht, nn gi l bt ng dit v vi; do th v tng khng hin hnh, nn gi l th tng dit v vi. Nm v vi sau u nng chn nh v vi m gi lp.V chn nh cng l danh t gi thi thit, v ngn s bc khng, cho nn ni l c. V ngn s chp c, cho nn gi l khng. Khng th bo l nh huyn, cho nn gi l tht. L khng phi h vng in o, nn gi l chn nh. Khng ng vi cc Tng phi khc chp la Sc, Tm c ci php chn thng, gi l chn nh, cho nn bit cc php v vi, khng chc tht c. - Ngoi o v cc tha gio khc chp c cc php khc vi Tm, Tm s, cc php chng phi c tht tnh (tn), v l s th vy (nhn), nh Tm, Tm s (d). Ci bit ca Tm, Tm s nng th ly cc php kia, cng khng duyn n cc php kia (tn), v l nng th (nhn), nh ci bit ca Tm, Tm s duyn ni tng phn ca Tm, Tm s (d). - Song cc Tm, Tm s l php y tha khi, cng nh vic huyn, khng phi tht c, ch v khin tr ci bnh vng chp tht c cnh ngoi Tm, Tm s, nn ni "Duy c thc". Nu li chp "Duy thc" l tht c, th cng nh chp ngoi cnh, u l php chp. (13)

- Nhng cc "php chp" lc c hai th: Mt l cu sanh php chp. hai l phn bit php chp. - Cu sanh php chp l t v th n nay do h vng hun tp thnh ci sc nhn bn trong, thng cng sanh mt ln vi thn, khng i phi c t gio v t phn bit, n vn t chuyn sanh, cho nn gi l cu sanh. Cu sanh ny li c hai: Mt l thng tng tc, l thc th by duyn kin phn thc th tm, khi ln tng trn t thc th by, ri chp cho l php tht. Hai l c gin on, l thc th su duyn tng ng un, thp nh x, thp bt gii do thc biu hin, tng hoc chung hoc ring hin ln trn t thc th su ri chp ly cho l php tht. Hai th php chp ny vi t kh on. V sau trong Thp a thng thng tu tp qun "Php khng" mt cch rt ro mi c th on tr c. - Phn bit php chp th cn do sc ngoi duyn hin ti, n khng cng sanh mt ln vi thn, phi i c t gio v t phn bit ri mi sanh khi, cho nn gi l phn bit. Th phn bit php chp ny ch c thc th su. Th ny cng c hai: Mt l duyn theo tng un, x, gii ca t gio ni, ri khi tng y trn t tm m phn bit so o, chp cho l php tht. Hai l duyn theo tng t tnh, minh v.v... ca t gio, ri khi tng y trn t tm m phn bit so o, chp cho l php tht. Hai th php chp ny th ph d on. Khi nhp vo S a, qun tnh "Php khng chn nh" ca ht thy php, bn c th on tr. - Nhng php chp ni nh trn, nu l php ngoi tm th php hoc c hoc khng, nu l php trong tm th php u c (php ngoi tm l s s duyn nn hoc c hoc khng khi chp n l c tht; cn php trong tm l tng phn ca thc bin, l thn s duyn nn lun c, khi chp n). Cho nn bit php chp l u duyn theo t php hin ra trn t tm m chp cho l tht c. Nhng tng t php l t duyn sanh, ch c mt cch nh huyn. Php c chp cho l tht, v ch do h vng k t, quyt chc l khng c. Cho nn c Th Tn ni: T Th nn bit, cc php ca thc duyn, ch do thc hin. N l Y tha khi, ging nh vic huyn". Nh vy, ngoi o v cc tha gio chp c ng v php la thc; ng, php y u khng phi tht c. Cho nn Tm, Tm s chc chn khng dng sc php bn ngoi lm s duyn duyn. Ci dng ca duyn l phi nng ni php c tht th (m ng v php khng c tht th, cho nn khng phi l duyn ca tm). Ngay nhm Tm, Tm s hin ti ny cng khng phi l thn s duyn duyn ca nhm Tm, Tm s kia (tn), v nh khng phi s duyn (d), v nhip vo nhm tm khc (nhn). ng t Tm s cng khng phi thn s duyn (tn), v t th khc nhau (nhn), v nh cc ci khng phi s th khc (d).

Do nn bit tht khng c ngoi cnh, ch c ni thc sanh t nh ngoi cnh. Th nn Kh kinh c bi k rng: "Ngoi cnh nh k ngu phn bit, n tht u khng, ch do tp kh nhiu lon trc tm, nn mi c tng tng t nh ngoi cnh hin ra". Hi: - C ngi nn rng: Nu khng c tht ng, tht php la ngoi thc th gi ng, gi php cng khng c. V gi tt phi nng ni s tht, s tng t v c tnh chung m lp, nh c la tht (s tht), c ngi nng nh la (s tng t). C c tng rc (php chung) mi c th gi ni ngi y nh l la. Gi ni nhi y nh tru v.v... Nn bit cng th. Ng v php nu khng tht c th da vo u gi ni. V khng gi thuyt th ni tng t cng khng thnh, lm sao ni tm bin chuyn sanh ra cnh tng t nh cnh bn ngoi? Lun ch: - Kia nn nh th l phi l. Ni ng v php la thc m c, trc ph ri, v y theo loi hay y theo tht gi ni la, u khng thnh. - Y theo "loi" m gi ni, l khng thnh. V ci tnh rc m c sc t chy khng phi ng loi la v ngi u c. Nu khng c c tnh ng loi chung cho c hai bn m vn gi ni ngi kia nh la, th cng c th ni nc gi ni l la. Nu bo tnh rc, tuy khng phi l sc t chy, nhng v n khng la nhau, nn c th gi ni; ni th khng ng, v hin thy gia ngi v c tnh rc ca la vn la nhau. Ni loi rc khng c c tnh t chy ca la, li xa la nhau gia loi v c, th m c ngi i vi ngi vn ni ngi kia nh la. Cho nn bit gi ni khng phi nng ni loi m thnh. - Y theo ni "tht" m gi ni, l cng khng xong. V c tnh rc t chy khng phi chung c gia la v ngi. Ngha l c tnh rc ni la v ni ngi khc nhau, v ch nng khc nhau, n khng cng m gi ni, th cng c li nh trc. Nu bo ngi v c tnh rc ca la tng t nn c th gi ni th cng khng ng l. V ni la ni ngi ch khng phi ni c tnh. Do bit gi thuyt khng phi y ni tht m thnh. Li, nu bo gi tc phi nng s tht mi lp, th cng khng ng l. V s tht tc l t tng, n khng phi l cnh gii ca gi tr bit ti v gi thuyn (ngn, c, vn) ni ti, v gi tr v gi thuyn khng th chng bit c t tng. Gi tr v gi thuyn ch bit c cng tng ca cc php. Cng khng phi la ngoi cng tng ny, c cch g khc thit t t tng lm ch nng ca gi. Nhng gi tr v gi thuyn phi y ni m thanh m khi, ch m thanh khng vi ti, th gi tr v gi thuyn khng khi ln c. Do nng thuyn v s duyn (ni v c ni) u chng phi t tng. Cho nn bit gi thuyt khng da vo s tht. Do bit ch y ni s tng t m thnh gi ni. Tng t ngha l cng tng tng thm, ch khng phi tng c tht. Ngn thanh da vo tng tng t tng thm m khi ra, cho nn khng th ni gi phi nng tht mi c. Th nn li ct nn ca ngi kia khng ng l.

- Nhng y ni thc bin m gi ni t ng, t php i tr ngi vng chp c tht ng tht php. Nh trong Kh kinh ni k: "V i tr k ngu phu chp c tht ng php, cho nn ni tng bin hin ca thc, gi ni danh t ng, php". (14) - Cc tng do thc bin hin tuy nhiu th, nhng thc nng bin phn loi c ba: Mt l thc D thc, tc thc th tm, c nhiu tnh d thc. Hai l thc T lng, tc thc th by, thng thm xt t lng. Ba l thc Liu bit cnh, tc su thc trc, liu bit cnh tng th ph. Trong bi tng u c ch "cp" (v) l t s hp su thc trc lm mt loi thc Liu bit cnh. Ba thc ny gi l thc nng bin. Nng bin c hai th: - Mt l nhn nng bin, tc hai th nhn tp kh l ng lu v D thc (tc l danh ngn hun tp, hu ch hun tp hay nghip tp kh ni on sau), trong thc th tm. ng lu tp kh do chng t ba tnh thin, c, v k trong by chuyn thc trc hun tp ba chng t thin, c v k trong thc th tm khin sanh trng. D thc tp kh, do hai tnh thin, c hu lu trong su thc trc hun tp chng t thin, c hu lu trong thc th tm lm cho sanh trng. - Hai l qu nng bin, tc do th lc ca hai tp kh trn m c tm thc t chng phn sanh, (t t chng phn) hin ra cc tng (tng phn v kin phn). Bi do ng lu tp kh lm nhn duyn, nn sanh ra th v tng ca tm thc sai bit, gi l qu ng lu, v qu ging nhn. Do D thc tp kh lm ci duyn tng thng chiu cm sanh ra thc th tm hng tng tc, th p li th lc ca dn nghip, gi l chn D thc, v chiu cm sanh ra su thc trc, th p li mn nghip, v n t chn D thc khi ln, nn gi l D thc sanh, ch khng gi chn D thc, v n gin an. Chnh chn D thc v D thc sanh, chung gi l D thc qu. V qu khc nhn vy. Nhng trong bi Tng y ch ni v bn thc th tm b thc th by chp ng, n chp tr chng t tp nhim li c th bin ra qu thc D thc m gi l D thc, ch khng phi ni tt c D thc ni su thc trc. (15)

---o0o--VII. THC BIN HIN TH NHT

- Tuy lc ni ba tn nng bin, nhng cha bin gii rng ba tng nng bin. Vy thc nng bin u, tng c nh th no? Tng p: u, thc A li da.

D thc, Nht thit chng. Khng th bit chp, th. X, liu. Tng ng xc, Tc, , th, tng, t. V ch c x th. Tnh v ph v k. Tnh xc cng nh th, Hng chuyn nh nc, dc, A la hn b ht. Lun rng: Thc nng bin u, theo i v Tiu tha gio gi l A la da. Thc ny c ba ngha nng tng, s tng, chp tng. Ngha l v n cng vi cac php tp nhim lm duyn ln nhau, v v loi hu tnh a chp n lm t ng bn trong. Tn A li da ny chnh l biu th t tng s hu ca thc Nng bin th nht, bi nhip tr c nhn qu lm t tng ca n. T tng ca thc th tm ny tuy c nhiu phn v (nn c nhiu ngha), nhng ngha Tng thc c x b trc tin v v ti li n rt nng, cho nn nghing theo m ni tn A li da trc tn D thc v Nht thit chng. Thc th tm ny l qu D thc trong cc ci cc th, cc loi sanh do nghip thin, bt thin dn n, gi l chn D thc. V la thc th tm ny, th khng th ring c qu D thc th thng v mng cn, chng ng phn, cng sanh t un, hng thi tng tc. Tn D thc ny chnh l biu th "qu tng" s hu ca thc Nng bin th nht. Qu tng ca thc th tm ny tuy c nhiu v, nhiu chng, nhng v ngha D thc c tnh cch c bit khng chung vi by thc trc, nn nghing theo m gi tn l thc D thc. Li, thc th tm c kh nng chp th duy tr chng t cc php khng mt, cho nn li gi l thc Nht thit chng. V la thc ny, cc php Sc, Tm khc khng c c kh nng cng khp chp th duy tr chng t cc php. Tn Nht thit chng ny chnh l biu th "nhn tng" s hu ca thc Nng bin th nht. Nhn tng ca thc ny tuy c nhiu th, nhng tnh cch duy tr chng t ca n l c bit khng chung vi by thc trc, nn nghing theo m gi tn l thc Nht thit chng. Thc Nng bin th nht th tng tuy nhiu, nhng ni tm tt ch c ba tng nh th. (16)

---o0o---

VIII. GII R TNG NHT THIT CHNG

- Nn phn bit r thm v tng Nht thit chng. Trong y php g gi l "Chng t"? Ngha l cng nng sai bit trong bn thc, chnh n ch thn sanh ra t qu ca n. Cng nng ny vi bn thc v t qu do n sanh chng phi mt, chng phi khc, th v dng, nhn v qu, ng l l nh vy. Tuy chng phi mt, chng phi khc, nhng m chng t l tht c, cn nu l gi php th nh php khng, n chng phi l nhn duyn ca cc php.

Hi: - Chng t ny cng vi cc php chng phi mt, chng phi khc, th n ging nh ci bnh, l gi ch khng phi tht (v bnh do t to thnh, t v bnh chng phi mt, chng phi khc).
p: - Nu ni vy, chn nh cng cc php cng chng phi mt, chng phi khc, nh th th chn nh phi l gi. Nu chp nhn chn nh l gi, th khng c chn Thng ngha ! Nhng cc chng t ch y theo l th tc m ni n l tht c, song khng ng chn nh (c theo Thng ngha ). Chng t tuy nng thc th th tm, nhng l tng phn ca thc ny, ch khng phi l kin phn, t chng phn v kin phn thng ly chng t lm cnh s duyn. Cc chng t hu lu cng vi thc D thc th khng khc bit, nn nhip vo tnh v k, nhng nhn v qu ca n u c tnh thin, c v k nn cng gi chng t hu lu l thin, c, v k. Cn cc chng t v lu khng phi nhip vo cng tnh D thc thc, v nhn v qu ca v lu u thuc tnh thin, nn ch gi chng t v lu l thin. Hi: - Nu vy ti sao Quyt trch phn th hai trong lun Du gi ni: Tt c hai mi hai cn u c chng t D thc, u l D thc sanh? (V trong hai mi cn, c ba cn v lu). p: - Tuy ni ba cn v lu l D thc, m chng phi l v k, v y ni D thc m gi l chng t D thc. Chng t v lu l thin. D thc l v k, tuy khc tnh m phi nng nhau, nh thc c ba tnh m nng v k pht sanh, hoc chng t v lu do sc hun tp chuyn bin thnh thc, m gi l D thc, nhng khng phi th D thc nhip vo tnh v k. Chng t vn c v chng t mi sanh. - Trong y c thuyt cho rng: "Tt c chng t nhim tnh u bn tnh vn c, ch khng phi do hun tp mi sanh. Do sc hun tp ch c th lm cho n tng trng". Nh Kh kinh ni: "Ht thy loi hu tnh t v th lai c chng t gii nh chm tri c xoa, php nh nh vy vn c". Gii ni y l tn khc ca chng t. Li Kh kinh ni: "Gii t v th li lm ch nng cho ht thy php". Gii ni y c ngha l nhn.

Lun Du gi cng ni: "Th ca cc chng t t v th lai, tnh tuy vn c nhng do nhim tnh mi hun tp m pht hin". "Cc loi hu tnh t v th lai, nu ai c sn php (o l) Bt nit bn th ht thy chng t hu lu, v lu u c . Cn ai khng c sn php Bt nit bn l thiu ba th B chng t (Thanh vn, Duyn gic, V thng B )". Nhng on vn nh vy, tht lm chng khng phi t. Li ni cc loi hu tnh vn c nm chng tnh khc nhau, nn bit chc c php nh chng t vn c, khng phi do hun tp pht sanh. Li lun Du gi ni: "Chng sanh a ngc thnh tu ba cn v lu, l chng t v lu ch khng phi hin hnh v lu". Li t v th ln lt truyn n php nh vn c tnh chng t bn tnh thng tr. Nhng vn y chng t chng t v lu l php nh vn c, khng do hun tp sanh. Php hu lu cng th, php nh vn c chng t, v ch do hun tp lm cho tng trng, ch khng phi hun ring chng t mi no khc. Nh th mi kin lp nhn qu khng ri lon. - Li c thuyt cho rng chng t u do "hun tp pht sanh". Ch v s hun v nng hun u c t v th, cho nn ni cc chng t cng thnh tu t v th. Chng t l tn khc ca tp kh, m tp kh th chc chn phi do hun tp mi c, nh mi thm ca m l do hoa p m c. Nh Kh kinh ni: "Tm loi hu tnh c hun tp bi cc php nhim tnh, mi c s cha nhm ca v lng chng t". Lun ni: "Chng t bn trong tm nht nh c s hun tp, cn ht ging bn ngoi tm tm th hoc c hun hoc khng hun. Li ba th chng t c hun tp l danh ngn, nghip v ng chp, n tng nhip ht thy chng t cc php hu lu. Ba th ny do hun tp m c, cho nn chng t hu lu chc chc nh c hun tp mi pht sanh. V lu chng t cng do hun tp, ni: "Vn hun tp" l do nghe Chnh php c bnh ng tun ra t php gii thanh tnh, m hun tp pht khi thnh chng t v lu, l tnh chng t ca tm xut th v lu. - Cc hu tnh xa nay chng tnh sai khc, khng do chng t v lu c hay khng c, m ch da c chng hay khng chng m kin lp. Nh Lun Du gi ni: "i vi cnh gii chn nh, nu c y chng t hai chng l phin no chng v s tri chng, th lp lm chng tnh Khng Bt nit bn php. Nu ch c y chng t s tri chng, th mt phn lp lm chng tnh Thanh vn, mt phn lp lm chng tnh c gic. Nu hon ton khng c chng t hai chng th lp lm chng tnh Nh Lai".

Cho nn bit xa nay c chng tnh khc nhau l y ni c chng hay khng chng m kin lp, ch khng phi y ni chng t v lu vn c m kin lp. Ni cu: "a ngc thnh tu chng t v lu" l y theo ngha c th s sanh m ni, ch khng phi theo ngha c tht th chng t . - C thuyt cho rng, chng t hu lu, v lu u c hai loi: 1. Chng t vn c, tc cng nng sai bit v T sanh, Ng un, Thp nh x, Thp bt gii trong D thc thc t v th li, php nh vn c, c Th Tn y theo ni cc loi hu tnh t v th lai c chng chng gii nh chm tri c xoa, php nh vn c. Cn nhng dn chng khc, ni rng nh trc. y gi l chng t bn tnh vn c. 2. Chng t mi sanh, tc l v th lai do thng thng hnh hun tp m c. c Th Tn y theo ni tm cc hu tnh c hun tp bi cc php nhim tnh, thnh ch cha nhm ca v lng chng t. Cc Lun cng ni chng t nhim tnh do php nhim tnh hun tp m pht sanh, y chnh gi l chng t do hun tp thnh. Nu ch c chng t vn c, th cc chuyn thc khng cng vi A li da thc lm tnh nhn duyn cho nhau. Nh Kh kinh ni: "Cc php i vi Tng thc, Tng thc i vi cc php cng vy, lm qu tnh cho nhau, cng thng lm nhn tnh cho nhau. Bi Tng ny ni thc A li da cng cc chuyn thc trong tt c thi trin chuyn sanh ln nhau, lm nhn qu ln nhau. Lun Nhip i tha ni: "Thc A li da cng vi php tp nhim lm nhn duyn cho nhau, nh tim n v ngn la trin chuyn pht chy, li nh hai b lau nng nhau m ng. Ch y theo hai th chng t v hin hnh kin lp nhn duyn, cn nhng nhn duyn khc u khng phi tht nhn duyn.". Nu cc chng t khng do hun tp sanh, th lm sao cc chuyn thc cng vi thc A li da c c ngha lm nhn duyn? Khng th do hun tp lm cho tng trng m gi l nhn duyn, (lm cho tng trng th ch gi l Tng thng duyn). Khng th bo rng nghip thin c lm nhn duyn cho D thc qu (n ch lm Tng thng duyn). Li cc Thnh gio ni c chng t do hun tp mi sanh l u tri vi ngha chng t vn c kia. Th nn ni ch c chng t vn c li l tri vi l ln gio ni chng t mi sanh. Nu ch c chng t mi sanh, th cc php hu lu, v lu khng th sanh c, v thiu nhn duyn sn c. Php hu lu khng th lm chng t cho php v lu, v khng th c chng t v lu sanh ra php hu lu. Nu chp nhn chng t v lu sanh hu lu, th cc c Pht li sanh ra php hu lu, php thin li c th lm chng t cho php bt thin.

Phi phn bit lun tuy dn kinh ni: "Tm tnh vn tnh, do khch trn phin no lm cho nhim, nn gi l tp nhim. Khi xa la phin no th chuyn thnh v lu, cho nn php v lu chng phi v nhn sanh". Nhng ch tm tnh ni y c ngha l g? - Nu ni tm tnh ch cho l khng, th l khng chng phi l nhn ca tm. Li, l khng l php thng, quyt khng phi l chng t ca cc php, v th ca l khng trc sau, khng chuyn bin. Nu ni tm tnh y chnh l tm (bn tnh), th ng vi Phi S lun chp, tng tuy chuyn bin m th thng nht, tm c v v k li u l thin. Nu chp nhn nh th th l ng tm c v v k cng tng ng vi thin Tm s tn v.v... Cn nu khng chp nhn nh th thi tm c v v k vn khng phi l th ca thin tm. Nh vy cn khng c gi l thin, hung g gi l v lu. Li, thin tm hu lu, tuy khng ng vi tm c v v k, song bo l tp nhim th n nh c tm, tnh chng phi l v lu; cho nn thin tm hu lu khng th lm chnh nhn cho v lu. ng bo thin v c lm nhn cho nhau c. Li, nu tm hu lu m tnh l v lu (gi l tm tnh vn tnh), th c th tm v lu m tnh l hu lu, nhu vy th nhn duyn sai khc gia hu lu, v lu khng th c c. Li, tm ca loi D sanh (phm phu), nu l v lu, thi khi ang a v loi D sanh c php v lu hin hnh, th nn gi l bc Thnh. Nu bo tm ca loi D sanh, tnh tuy l v lu, nhng tng c nhim, nn khng gi l v lu hin hnh, th khng b li ny (li gi loi D sanh l bc Thnh). Hin hnh khng phi v lu, thi chng t ca tm cng chng phi v lu, ti sao ng ni c loi D sanh ch c thnh tu chng t v lu? V chng t v hin hnh tnh ng nhau vy. Nhng Kh kinh ni: "Tm tnh vn thanh tnh" l ni chn nh c hin hin t l tm khng. Chn nh l tnh chn tht ca tm. Hoc ni tm th khng phi l phin no, nn gi l tnh vn tnh, ch khng phi ni tnh ca tm hu lu l v lu, nn gi l vn tnh. Do nn tin rng, cc loi hu tnh c chng t v lu t v th, php nh thnh tu, khng do hun tp, v sau a v thng tn tu tp, hun tp lm cho n tng trng, ly n lm nhn m php v lu khi ln, li hun tp tr thh chng t. Chng t php hu lu, so theo y m bit. Trong cc Thnh gio tuy ni chng t bn trong tm, quyt nh c s hun tp, nhng khng nht nh ni ht thy chng t u do hun tp mi sanh, lm sao c th hon ton bc khng c chng t vn c? Nhng chng t vn c cng do hun tp lm cho tng thnh, mi kt qu thnh. Th nn ni chng t trong tm quyt phi c hun tp.

S nghe hun tp chng phi ch hun tp chng t hu lu m khi nghe Chnh php cng hun tp chng t v lu vn c, lm cho tng thnh dn, trin chuyn cho n pht sanh tm xut th v lu. Cho nn cng ni l nghe hun tp. Trong nghe hun tp, nhng tnh thin hu lu, b s tu tp on tr, do chiu cm d thc v lu th thng, lm tng thng duyn th thng cho php xut th. Cn nhng tnh v lu khng b s tu tp on tr, th lm duyn chnh cho php xut th. Ci nhn duyn chnh ny v n kh bit cho nn Thnh gio c ch ni nng ni tng thng duyn th hin m phng tin gi ni tm thin hu lu, l chng t ca tm xut th kin o v lu. - Nng hai chng m kin lp chng tnh sai bit l mun hin by chng t v lu c hay khng c. Ngha l nu ai hon ton khng c chng t v lu th chng t hai chng kia vnh vin khng th b hi tr, chnh ngay lp lm php phi Nit bn. Nu ai ch c chng t v lu ca hng Nh tha th chng t s tri chng kia vnh vin khng th b hi tr, ngay mt phn lp lm chng tnh Thanh vn, mt phn lp lm chng tnh Duyn gic. Nu ai c chng t v lu ca Pht th chng t hai chng kia u b hi tr vnh vin, v ngay lp lm chng tnh Nh Lai. Cho nn bit, do chng t v lu c hay khng c m hai chng c th b dt hay khng th b dt. Nhng chng t v lu v n kh bit, nn c theo hai chng kh on hay khng kh on hin by chng tnh sai bit. Nu khng c chng t v lu nh vy, th c nhn g khc m hai chng kia c th b hi hay khng th b hi. Nu bo php nh vn c hai chng c th hi v khng th hi, th i vi chng t php v lu ti sao khng chp nhn cng vn c nh th. Nu vn hon ton khng c chng t php v lu, thi cc Thnh o vnh vin khng sanh c, bit ly g loi tr chng t hai chng, m ni nng hai chng lp chng tnh sai khc? Thnh o kia khng th hin sanh, m ni ba v lu cn s c th hin sanh, cng nht nh phi l. Nhng cc Thnh gio, ni ni u c chng t vn c, nay nu ni khng c l tri vi ngha kia. Th nn bit, ni ch c chng t mi sanh l tri vi c l ln gio. Do , nn bit chng t cc php u c hai loi l loi vn c v loi mi sanh. Nhng chng t tm tt c su ngha: 1. St na dit Ngha l th n va sanh lin dit, c nng lc th thng mi thnh chng t. Ngha ny ngn nga nhng php g thng, v thng khng chuyn bin th khng th ni n c cng dng nng sanh. 2.Qu cu hu Ngha l n cng vi qu php hin hnh do n sanh ra cng ha hp mt lc, mi thnh chng t. Ngha ny ngn nga nhng php g c trc sau v cch la nhau. V hin hnh vi chng t tuy khc loi nhng khng tri nghch nhau, cng mt lc hin c ni mt thn, mi c tc dng pht sanh, khng ging nh chng t vi chng t t loi trc sau sanh nhau; v trc sau tri nhau khng th cng c. Ty nhn chng t vi qu, c khi cu hu, c khi khng cu hu, nhng y ch ni nhn

qu hin ti ng thi l c th c tc dng lm nhn (mi gi l chng t) ch v lai cha sanh v qu kh dit, khng c t th (khng lm nhn c). V vy y ni kh nng sanh hin qu m lp tn chng t, ch khng y ni s dn sanh chng t t loi lp tn chng t. Cho nn ch nn ni vi qu cng cmt ln, mi thnh chng t. 3. Hng ty chuyn Ngha l phi cng mt loi tng tc trng k cho n khi t a v cu cnh, mi thnh chng t. Ngha ny ngn nga cc chuyn thc thng chuyn dch gin on, khng tng ng vi php chng t. y l hin th chng t t loi sanh nhau. 4. Tnh quyt nh Ngha l ty theo sc ca nhn thin c c cng nng quyt nh sanh ra qu thin hoc c khng hn lon, mi thnh chng t. Ngha ny ngn nga cc B phi khc chp nhn tnh sanh ra qu tnh khc, m cho l ngha nhn duyn. 5. i chng duyn Ngha l phi ch cc duyn cng loi chung hp li, c cng nng th thng, mi thnh chng t. Ngha ny ngn nga ngoi o chp nguyn nhn t nhin, khng cn ch cc duyn thng hng vn chng sanh ra qu. Hoc ngn nga cc B phi khc chp duyn thng c, hin th ci duyn c ch i khng phi thng c, cho nn chng t khng phi thng cng lc bng sanh ra qu. 6. Dn t qu - Ngha l mi mi dn sanh ra hin qu sc v tm ring bit, mi thnh chng t. Ngha ny ngn nga ngoi o chp ch mt nhn sanh ra tt c qu; hoc ngn nga cc B phi khc chp sc v tm lm nhn duyn cho nhau. Tm li, ch c cng nng sai bit trong bn thc l c su ngha ny, mi thnh chng t, ch khng phi g khc. La, np v.v... bn ngoi do thc bin hin, gi lp gi l ht ging, nhng chng phi tht ht ging. Chng t c th lc trc tip sanh ra qu chnh thc gn nht th gi l sanh nhn, cn gin tip dn n qu tng d cch xa lm cho khng dt ngang, th gi l dn nhn. Chng t trong bn thc tt do hun tp c sanh trng, ch thn sanh ra qu, y l nhn duyn, cn chng t bn ngoi hoc c hun tp hoc khng hun tp, n ch l tng thng duyn. Ni n qu c sanh tt phi ly chng t bn trong tm lm nhn duyn ca n, cn la, np l kt qu do chng t cng tng sanh. - Y theo ngha g lp danh t hun tp? - S hun v Nng hun u c bn ngha. lm cho chng t trong bn thc c sanh trng, nn gi l hun tp. Th no l bn ngha ca S hun?

1. Tnh kin tr - Nu php g trc sau mt loi tng tc bn chc, c kh nng duy tr tp kh mi thnh S hun. Ngha ny ngn nga cc chuyn thc v m thanh, gi l th khng c tnh kin tr, nn khng phi l S hun (chu s hun tp). 2. Tnh v k - Nu php g c tnh bnh ng dung np mi tp kh khng chng nghch, mi thnh S hun. Ngha ny ngn nga tnh thin v nhim, n c th lc cng thnh, khng dung np nhng g tri vi n, nn khng phi l S hun. Do bt Tnh thc ca Nh Lai ch mang theo chng t v lu c m khng phi hun tp chng t mi. 3. Tnh kh hun - Nu php g c tnh t ti khng cng nhc kn nhim, c kh nng np th tp kh, mi thnh S hun. Ngha ny ngn nga tm s v php v vi l php da vo ci khc v cng nhc kn nhim, nn khng phi l S hun. 4. Tnh cng ha hp vi Nng hun -Nu php g cng vi php Nng hun ng thi ng x khng tc khng ly, mi l S hun. Ngha ny ngn nga i vi thn ngi khc v st na trc sau khng c s ha hp, nn khng phi l S hun. Do , ch c thc D thc c bn ngha trn, nn c th thnh S hun, ch khng phi cc Tm s v.v... Th no l bn ngha ca Nng hun? 1. C sanh dit - Nu php g khng thng hng m bin chuyn, c tc dng sanh trng tp kh, mi l php Nng hun. Ngha ny ngn nga php v vi, trc sau khng bin i, khng c tc dng sanh trng, cho nn khng phi Nng hun. 2. C thng dng - Nu php g c sanh dit nhng c th lc tng thnh, c kh nng dn pht tp kh, mi l php Nng hun. Ngha ny ngn nga tm, Tm s d thc non km, nn khng phi Nng hun. 3. C tng gim - Nu php g c tc dng th thng, c th tng c th gim, thu nhip tp kh, mi l php Nng hun. Ngha ny ngn nga Pht qu, thin php trn y khng tng khng gim, nn khng phi Nng hun. Thin php kia nu Nng hun th cha phi trn y, nh vy ha ra Pht qu trc sau c hn km khc nhau. 4.Cng S hun ha hp m chuyn bin - Nu php g cng vi php S hun ng thi ng x, khng tc khng ly mi l php Nng hun. Ngha ny ngn nga i vi thn nga khc v st na trc sau khng ha hp, nn khng phi l Nng hun. Do , ch c by chuyn thc v tm s ca n l c th lc tc dng th thng, c tng c gim, c bn ngha ny mi c th thnh php Nng hun. Nh th thc Nng hun (by thc trc) vi thc S hun (Tng thc), cng sanh cng dit mi thnh ngha hun tp, lm cho chng t trong thc S hun sanh trng, nh hoa p m, cho nn gi l hun tp.

Hin thc Nng hun t khi chng t sanh ra n, lin c th lm nhn tr li hun tp thnh chng t. Ba php Nng hun, S hun v Chng t, ng thi trin chuyn lm nhn qu cho nhau, nh tim n sanh la chy, la chy chy tim n. Cng nh b cy lau, ng thi nng nhau lm nhn qu, ng thi l l chc chn. Hin hnh nng hun sanh ra chng t, chng t khi ln hin hnh, nh ci nhn cu hu, th c qu s dng. Cn chng t trc sau, t loi sanh nhau nh l ci nhn ng loi, dn sanh ra qu ng lu. Ch hai nhn ny i vi qu, l nhn duyn,ngoi ra, cc php khc u chng phi nhn duyn, gi s c ch gi l nhn duyn, nn bit l gi thuyt. gi l lc ni hnh tng ca tt c chng t. (17) Thc A li da ny, hnh tng v s duyn ca n nh th no? - Khng th bit chp th, x v liu ca n c. Liu ngha l liu bit, tc hnh tng ca thc. Thc ly s liu bit lm hnh tng. X ngha l x s, tc kh th gian, ni nng da ca loi hu tnh. Chp th c hai, l chng t hu lu v sc thn c cc cn. Chng t l cc tp kh ca s phn bit v tng v danh. Thn c cc cn l cc sc cn nh mt, tai (tnh sc cn) v l ch cc cn nng (tc ph trn thn cn). Hai th chng t v thn cn ny u l ca thc chp th, thu nhip chp gi lm t th, ng an ng nguy (th). Chp th v x u l cnh s duyn ca thc A li da ny. Do sc nhn duyn m khi t th thc A li da sanh khi, bn trong bin lm chng t v thn c cc cn, bn ngoi bin thnh kh th gii, ri lin ly tng do mnh bin ra lm cnh s duyn cho mnh, v hnh tng nng duyn nng theo mi sanh khi c. Trong on ny ni liu, tc thc D thc i vi cnh s duyn ca mnh c tc dng liu bit v tc dng liu bit ny thuc v kin phn. Nhng khi t th thc hu lu sanh khi, u c tng s duyn v nng duyn tng t hin ra. Tm s tng ng vi n, nn bit khi sanh khi cng th. Tng s duyn tng t gi l tng phn, tng nng duyn tng t; gi l kin phn. Nu Tm, Tm s khng c tng s duyn, th khng th duyn c cnh s duyn ca mnh, hoc mi mi tm c th duyn c tt c cnh, v cnh ca ring mnh cng ging nh cnh ca tm khc, cnh ca tm khc ging nh cnh ca ring mnh (khng c tng phn sc m mt vn thy, th khng c tng phn ting mt cng vn

thy. Nh vy khng c tng phn ting m tai vn nghe, th khng c tng phn sc tai cng vn thy hay sao?). Nu Tm, Tm s khng c tng nng duyn, th khng th duyn, ging nh h khng ... hoc h khng cng c kh nng duyn. Th nn bit Tm, Tm s phi c hai phn, nh Kh kinh ni: Tt c ch c gic, (Duy thc). Ngha s gic u khng (khng ngoi cnh). Nng gic, s gic phn (kin tng phn). u t nhin chuyn hin (u t chng t sanh). - Ngi chp tht c cnh s duyn la ngoi thc, th h gi ngoi cnh l s duyn, gi tng phn l hnh tng, gi kin phn l s, v l tng t th ca Tm, Tm s. Tm v Tm s ng cn s y v cnh s duyn, hnh tng tng t, s th ca Tm vng v Tm s tuy mi mi tng t ng u, m tng ca n th khc nhau, v tng ca thc Tm vng vi tng ca th, tng Tm s khc nhau vy. - Ngi t l khng c cnh s duyn la ngoi thc, th ni tng phn l "s duyn", kin phn gi l "hnh tng", tng v kin u nng phn t th gi l "s" tc l t chng phn. Nu phn t chng ny khng c, th khng th t nh t bit Tm, Tm s php, nh cnh cha tng tri qua, th khng th nh bit.

Tm, Tm s ng nng mt cn, m cnh s duyn th ch l tng t nhau, v hnh tng khc nhau, tc dng liu bit lnh np khc nhau. S (t chng phn) tuy mi mt Tm hay Tm s u c s th ng ng tng t nhau m tng n th khc nhau, v th ca thc Tm vng l liu bit m th ca Tm s th l lnh np khc nhau vy. Nhng mi mi Tm, Tm s khi sanh khi, ly l suy ra mi ci u c ba phn l s lng, nng lng v lng qu, v kin v tng phi c tht th nng. Nh bi k trong Tp Lng Lun ni: Tng t cnh, s lng, Tng nng th, t chng, Tc nng lng v qu, C ba, th khng khc.

- Li Tm, Tm s, nu phn bit t m, nn c bn phn. Ba phn nh trn, thm phn th t l chng t chng phn. Nu phn th t ny khng c th ci g lm chng cho phn th ba? V phn t chng v chng t chng ng l tm, nn u c th chng cho nhau vy. Li t chng phn s khng c qu, v cc nng lng, phi c qu vy. Khng nn cho kin phn l qu th ba, v kin phn c khi nhip vo phi lng, do kin phn khng chng c phn t chng th ba, v chng c t th phn th ba phi l hin lng (ch khng phi phi lng). Trong bn phn ca thc trn y, hai phn u l ngoi, hai phn sau l trong. Tng phn u ch l s duyn, ba phn l kin, t chng v chng t chng sau l thng c s duyn v nng duyn. Ngha l phn th hai ch duyn tng phn th nht hoc lng, phi lng, hoc hin lng hoc t lng. T chng phn th ba duyn c kin phn th hai, v chng t chng phn th t, cn chng t chng phn ch duyn t chng phn th ba, ch khng duyn kin phn th hai, v v dng. Phn th ba, th t u thuc vo hin lng. Cho nn bit Tm, Tm s c bn phn hp thnh l c s duyn, nng duyn, khng b li v cng, chng phi tc chng phi ly, l Duy thc c thnh lp. Th nn bi tng trong Kh kinh ni: Tm chng sanh hai tnh, Trong ngoi tt c phn, Nng th, s th buc, Thy nhiu th sai bit. Bi tng ny ni: Tm tnh chng sanh do hai phn kin, tng hp thnh, hoc trong hoc ngoi, u c s th, nng th rng buc nhau, nn thy c mi th, hoc lng hoc phi lng, hoc hin lng hoc t lng, sai bit nhiu phn. Trong y ni kin tc l kin phn. Bn phn nh th, hoc gom lm ba, v phn th t nhip vo phn th ba t chng phn. Hoc gom lm hai, tc ba phn sau l nng duyn, u nhip vo kin phn. y ni kin l ngha nng duyn. Hoc gom lm mt, v cng mt th. Nh bi k trong kinh Nhp Lng gi ni: Do t tm chp trc, Tm chuyn t ngoi cnh, S kin kia phi hu, Th nn ni Duy tm.

Nh vy ni ni ni duy nht tm, y ni nht tm cng nhip lun Tm s. Th nn bit hnh tng ca thc chnh l liu bit, liu bit chnh l kin phn ca thc. Ni "x" c ngha l trong thc D thc do th lc ca chng t cng tng (chung ca nhiu hu tnh) thnh thc m n bin hin ra tng kh th gian t nh ngoi sc, chnh l bn i chng t, nc, la, gi bn ngoi v cc sc s to l thanh, hng, v, xc. Tuy cc hu tnh bin ra cnh gii khc nhau nhng tng n tng t nn cng chung x s khng khc, nh nh sng ca cc ngn n chiu khp m thy nh tung mt nh sng chiu. Hi: - D thc thc ca ai bin ra tng kh th gian ny? p: C thuyt cho rng D thc thc ca tt c hu tnh. V sao? V nh Kh kinh ni: "Tt c hu tnh do sc tng thng ca nghip chung vi nhau m khi ln". C thuyt khc li ni: "Nu nh th, th cc c Pht, B tt c th tht s bin ra ci tp u ny, v cc loi d sanh c th tht s bin ra cc ci trong sch nhim mu ti phng kia ci ny? Li cc bc Thnh nhm chn hu sc m sanh ln ci v sc, chc khng cn sanh h gii th cn bin ra ci h gii ny lm g?" Cho nn bit ch c chng sanh hin v s sanh n ci ny mi bin ra ci ny. Nhng kinh da theo phn t m ni l tt c. V chng sanh c nghip ng nhau mi chung nhau bin ra vy. C thuyt li ni: "Nu nh vy, khi kh th gii sp hoi, khng c chng sanh hin v s sanh n, th D thc thc no bin ra ci sp hoi ? Li cc loi D sanh nhm chn Hu sc m sanh ln ci tri V sc, hin khng c sc thn li cn d liu bin ra ci ny lm g? Gi s chng sanh c sc thn ci nc khc nhau, th t cch bit, khng nng ta duy tr nhau, m ci ny bin ra ci kia c ch g?" - Nhng ci nc c bin ra, l ct v lm ch nng ta y tr v th dng cho sc thn, cho nn nu i vi thn m c th c tc dng y tr th dng th lin bin ra n. Do , gi s sanh vo phng khc th thc ci ny cng bin ra ci ny c. Cho nn th gian khi sp hoi hay khi mi thnh, tuy khng c loi hu tnh m n vn hin c. y l ni tt c chng sanh cng th dng. Nu th dng ring, th chun theo y m bit. V gia Ng qy, Ngi v Tri, s thy c khc nhau. Cc chng t ni y chnh l ch tt c chng t php hu lu c D thc thc chp tr, n cng tnh vi thc D thc, nn lm s duyn cho thc D thc, cn chng t php v lu tuy nng g ni thc D thc, nhng khng cng tnh vi thc D thc. Tuy khng phi s duyn, nhng khng la thc, nh tnh chn nh l t tnh ca thc, nn khng tri l Duy thc. Thn c cc cn l do th lc ca chng t bt cng tng c thnh thc ni thc D thc, n bin ra sc cn v ch sc cn nng ta, tc bn i chng t, nc, la, gi bn trong thn v cc sc, hng, v, xc.

C th lc ca chng t cng tng thnh thc ny, nn i vi tha nhn cng bin ra thn tng t vi h. Nu khng nh th, th khng c ci g ngha ngi ny th dng thn ngi khc. Trong y cn c thuyt ni: "Cng bin t tnh sc cn ngi khc". Nh Lun Bin Trung Bin ni: "Nm tnh sc cn ca thn ngi khc hin ra t nm cn ca mnh". C thuyt li cho rng: "Ch c th bin ra ch nng tng t, v nm tnh sc cn ca ngi khc i vi mnh l v dng". Ni nm tnh sc cn trn thn ngi khc t nh trn thn mnh l nhm ni n ngha thc ca mnh v thc ca ngi u t bin. Do cho nn khi sanh n ci khc hoc Bt nit bn m thi th ngi y vn thy cn tn ti. Trn y l ni nghip lc bin ra kh gii bn ngoi, cn thn bn trong, ba ci v chn a sai khc, nu c nh lc th s bin ra kh gii, cn thn, ci v a, t v tha khng nht nh. Cn thn v kh gii c bin ra phn nhiu tng tc lu di, cn bin ra m thanh v nh sng th phn nhiu tm thi, v ty theo duyn lc hin ti kch thch pht khi. Lc ni cnh s bin ca thc A li da ny, l gm cc chng t hu lu, mi ch c sc l nm cn, nm trn v cc sc tht hin ra nhip thuc php x. Ti sao thc ny khng th bin ra t Tm, Tm s lm cnh s duyn? - Thc hu lu bin lc c hai th: Mt l theo th lc nhn duyn m bin. Hai l theo th lc phn bit m bin. Th u l hu dng, th sau ch lm cnh. Thc D thc bin ch ty theo nhn duyn, nn cc sc thanh c bin phi c tht dng, nu bin ra tm th khng c tht dng; v tng phn tm khng th duyn c, ch khi cn s tht dng ca Tm, Tm s th n mi t thc A li da sanh ra; nu bin ra php v vi, cng khng tht dng. Th nn bit D thc thc khng duyn Tm, Tm s. n a v v lu, D thc thc tng ng vi thng t, tuy khng phn bit m tnh lng trong, d khng tht dng nh Tm, Tm s cng hin ra c bng dng v vi kia. Nu khng nh vy, th cc c Pht chng phi l bc Chnh Bin Tri. Cho nn bit a v hu lu, thc D thc ny ch duyn vi kh gii, cn thn v chng t hu lu. ti ci Dc v ci Sc c ba th s duyn , nhng ci V sc th ch duyn chng t hu lu, v nhm chn sc, v khng c qu sc ca nghip m ch c qu sc ca nh. i vi l khng tri. Thc th tm ci tri V sc kia cng duyn sc ca nh ny lm cnh. Bt kh tri l khng th bit. V hnh tng ca thc ny rt vi t kh c th liu tri. Hoc s duyn ca thc ny l cnh chp th bn trong cng rt vi t kh bit, cn kh th gian bn ngoi th phm vi kh lng, cho nn gi l khng th bit. - Hnh tng ca thc ny ph nhn cnh s duyn kh bit nh th no? Nh trong Dit tn nh, thc khng la thn, nn tin l c. Vy quyt phi chp nhn Dit tn nh vn c thc th tm, v ngi nhp Dit tn nh vn thuc vo loi hu tnh, v nh

khi hu tm. a v V tng nh v V tng thin vn c tm, nn bit cng nh th. (18) (Ht cun hai ca bn Hn) - Thc A li da ny cng vi my Tm s tng ng? Thng cng vi Tm s xc, tc , th, tng, t tng ng. Ngha l thc A li da t v th cho n khi cha chuyn thnh tr, trong tt c a v, n thng cng vi nm Tm s ny tng ng, v thuc Tm s bin hnh vy. - Xc tm s l khi ba th cn, cnh, thc ho thun, xc phn bit theo s bin khc ca ba th ho thun , m khin Tm, Tm s tip xc cnh, v c cng dng lm ch nng cho Tm s th, tng v t. Ngha l cn, cnh, thc ba th cng nhau ty thun, nn gi l ba s ha, xc nng ba th ha pht sanh, khin ba th c ha hp. Cho nn ni Tm s xc l v tr ca ba th ha hp kia. Ba th u c cng nng ty thun nhau sanh cc Tm s, nn gi l bin khc. Xc tng t vi s bin khc m khi ln, nn gi l phn bit. Nhng khi cn bin khc c sc dn khi ln xc mnh hn thc v cnh, cho nn Tp Lun ch ni: "Xc phn bit theo s bin khc ca cn". Ha hp tt c Tm, Tm s khin ng tip xc cnh. l t tnh ca xc. Xc tm s c cng nng tng t vi ba s ha thun khi ln Tm s, cho nn ly s lm ch nng cho Tm s th v.v... lm nghip dng. Kinh Khi Tn ni: "Th, tng v hnh un, tt c u ly xc lm duyn, do nn ni thc, xc v th. Nhn hai th cn v cnh ha hp sanh thc; nhn ba thc cn, cnh v thc ha hp sanh xc; nhn bn th cn, cnh, thc, v xc ha hp sanh th". Lun Du gi ch ni: "Xc lm ch nng cho th, tng, t". Trong y "T" l ch, l thng trong hnh un, nn ch ni "T" l nhip ht 47 Tm s khc (51 Tm s tr th, tng, xc, t cn 47). Tp Lun ch ni: "Xc lm ch nng cho th, v xc sanh th l k cn, l thng hn cc Tm s khc". Ngha l tng s th kh ca xc cng vi tng s th thun ch ca th ht sc gn nhau. Li v xc dn pht sanh th mnh hn cc tm s khc. - Nhng t tnh ca xc l tht ch chng phi gi, v Tm s trong su su php, l su cn, su trn, su thc, su i, su xc, su th, v v nhip vo xc thc (trong bn cch n), v v l mt duyn trong mi hai chi nhn duyn, ging nh tnh ca th (l tht c ring), ch xc khng phi chnh l ba s ha hp (l gi c). Tc tm s l tnh cnh gic tm, c nghip dng dn tm n cnh. Ngha l n cnh gic chng t tm ng khi nn khi, v dn tm khi khin n cnh, nn gi l tc . Tuy n cng c th dn khi Tm s, song v Tm vng l ch nn ch ni dn tm. C thuyt ni: "Khin tm (ang duyn cnh ny) xoay n cnh khc, hoc ni ngay ni mt cnh gi tm tr li, gi l tc ". Hai li ni u phi l; v nh vy th tc khng phi l Tm s bin hnh, v chng khc chi nh Tm s.

Th tm s l tnh lnh np tng ca cnh thun, nghch v trung bnh, v c nghip dng khi tm i, v n khi ln ba th mun l mun hp li, mun la ra v mun khng c hai. C ngi cho rng th c hai th: 1. Cnh gii th, tc lnh th cnh s duyn. 2. T tnh th, tc lnh th ci xc ng sanh vi n. V h cho rng trong hai th th y ch c t tnh th mi l t tng ca th, cn cnh gii th v chung mt tng cnh gii vi Tm, Tm s khc, khng phi l t tng ca th. Kia ni th phi l, v Th tm s quyt khng duyn Xc tm s cng sanh vi n. Nu Th tm s sanh ra tng t vi Xc tm s, m gi l lnh th xc, nh vy h ci g qu tng t vi nhn, u l "th" c hay sao? Li xc l nhn ca th th nn gi l nhn th ch sao gi l t tnh th? Nu bo nh vua n cc vt ca quc p (vua t quc p sanh, li n vt ca quc p) cng vy, th l lnh th, xc c sanh ra th th, gi l t tnh th, th l cng khng ng, v tri vi ch trng ca ng (cho t tnh th l lnh np ci xc cng sanh vi th). Li th khng th t chng bit c th (nh dao khng t ct). Nu bo th tuy lnh np m khng b t tnh n, gi l t tnh th, th l ng tt c php u l t tnh th. Cho nn bit li ni ca kia ch d d tr con thi (va ri ph t tnh th) . - Nhng cnh gii th, khng phi chung vi cc tng ca Tm, Tm s khc, v khi lnh th tng thun hoc nghch nht nh thuc v mnh, gi l cnh gii th, khng chung vi cc tng ca Tm, Tm s khc (th ly s lnh np lm tng, thc ly s liu bit lm tng, tng ly s thu nhn cnh tng lm tng, dc ly s hy vng cnh lm tng, tu ly s gim trch cnh qun lm tng ... nn khng tng no chung nhau). Tng Tm s l tnh chp th tng mo ca cnh, v c nghip dng thit t ra cc danh ngn. Ngha l nh c tng an lp tng phn ranh gii ca cnh, mi c th theo thit t danh ngn. T tm s l tnh khin tm to tc, v c nghip dng sai khin tm lm lnh, d. Ngha l th ly tng chnh nhn ca cnh ri khu dch khin tm lm lnh, d (th tng t nhn th khin tm to c v.v...). Nm Tm s trn nhip thuc vo bin hnh, cho nn quyt nh cng vi Tng thc tng ng. Tng ca Bin hnh, on sau s ni rng.

- Hnh tng nm Tm s xc v.v... tuy khc vi hnh tng ca thc D thc, nhng m ng thi, ng ch nng, ng cnh s duyn, ng c t th nh nhau, nn gi l tng ng. Li "th" tng ng vi thc D thc ny, n ch c chn D thc, v c chuyn theo dn nghip qu kh, khng cn i cc duyn hin ti. V ch c nhm vn chuyn theo th lc ca nghip thin c, cho nn ch l "x th". Cn kh th, lc th l D thc sanh, khng phi chn D thc, n phi i c duyn hin ti mi c. Do kh th, lc th khng tng ng vi thc D thc ny. - Li do thc D thc ny thng khng bin chuyn, loi hu tnh thng chp n lm t ni ng, nu n cng vi kh th, lc th tng ng, th ra n c chuyn bin, hu tnh u cn chp n lm ng. Cho nn bit thc ny ch tng ng vi "x th". Hi: - Nu vy ti sao thc ny cng l D thc qu ca nghip c chiu cm? p: - chp nhn thin nghip c th chiu cm x th, th c nghip y cng nn th, v x th khng tri vi kh, lc. V nh php v k, thin hay c n u chiu cm c c. Hi: - Ti sao thc D thc ny khng tng ng vi Tm s Bit cnh? p: - V nm Tm s Bit cnh c tnh tri nhau. Ngha l: Tm s dc (hy vng) ch sanh ra i vi cnh vui thch, cn thc ny nhm vn theo nghip chuyn, khng c hy vng g. Tm s thng gii ch pht sanh i vi cnh n hp kin tr quyt nh, cn thc ny hn mui khng n hp kin tr g. Tm s nim ch nh r i vi vic tng tri qua, tp quen, cn thc ny hn mui yu km khng th nh r g. Tm s nh c kh nng khin tm chuyn ch vo mt cnh, cn thc ny c nhm vn tng st na duyn theo cnh duyn khc nhau. Tm s tu ch chn la vic c, mt v.v... cn thc ny vi t, mui lit khng th chn la g. Th nn thc D thc ny khng cng nm Tm s Bit cnh tng ng. - La thc ny l tnh D thc (v l) cho nn khng tng ng vi Tm s c tnh thin (mi mt thin Tm s) v tm s c tnh nhim (phin no tm s). - Bn Tm s bt nh nh tc, thy min, tm, t tuy c khi l tnh v k, song v c gin on, nn quyt khng phi thc D thc tng ng.

Hi: - Php c bn th l thin, bt thin, hu ph v k, v ph v k. A li da thc thuc v php no? p: - Thc ny ch l v ph v k, v l tnh D thc. Thc D thc nu l thin hay nhim th lu chuyn sanh t v hon dit. Nit bn (nu thin th ch thnh hon dit, nhim th ch thnh lu chuyn) khng th thnh c. Li thc ny l ch nng ca thin v nhim, nu n ch l thin hay ch l nhim th n tri ngc nhau, khng th cng lm ch nng cho c hai th. Li thc ny l ch b hun tp, nu thin hay nhim th nh mi rt thm hoc rt thi, u khng th chu s hun tp t cc mi khc vi n. V nu khng hun tp th nhn qu tp nhim v thanh tnh u khng thnh c. Cho nn thc ny ch l v ph v k. Ph ngha l php nhim lm chng ngi Thnh o, li thng che lp tm lm cho bt tnh. Thc ny khng phi nhim nn gi l v ph. K ngha l iu thin, c, qu bo kh i, phi kh i, v t th th thng, u c th ghi nhn r rng. Thc ny khng phi thin, c nn gi l v k. - Cu "Xc Tm s v.v... cng nh th", ngha l nh thc A li da, ch nhip v tnh v ph v k, cc Tm s xc, tc, , th, tng, t cng th, v php tng ng tt phi ng tnh vi nhau. - Li nm Tm s xc v.v... nh A li da, cng l D thc, s duyn v hnh tng ca n u khng th bit r, v n duyn ba th tnh cnh l chng t, cn thn, kh gii, th nm Tm s tng ng vi n cng tnh v ph v k ... Cho nn lun vn ni: "Xc Tm s v.v... cng nh th". - C thuyt cho rng: "Tm s xc v.v... nh A li da, cng l D thc v Nht thit chng"; rng ni cho n "n l tnh v ph v k"; v cu tng ch ni: "cng nh th", ch khng gin bit. Li ni kia cng phi l. V sao? V xc nng theo thc, khng c t ti, nh Tm s tham, tn v.v... khng th th hun, lm sao xc v.v... ng vi thc A li da c kh nng gi gn chng t. Li nu Tm s xc v.v... cng c th chu s hun tp, th l ng mt hu tnh c su c th chng t (Mt Tm vng, nm Tm s bin hnh cng hun). Nu vy khi c qu sanh khi, n t chng t no m sanh khi? L khng th ni t c su chng t sanh khi, v cha tng thy nhiu ht ging sanh ra mt mm. Nu ni qu sanh ra ch t mt chng t, th nm th chng t kia tr thnh v dng. Cng khng th ni t chng t ny n chng t kia ln lt sanh qu, v khi hun tp ng mt lc, c th lc ngang nhau. Li cng khng th ni c su qu (do A li da v nm Tm s Bin hnh)

ng thi vt sanh, v khng th c mt hu tnh trong cng mt st na sanh ra su nhn thc, nh thc v.v... - Ai ni Xc tm s v.v... cng c th th hun v gia gn chng t? - Nu khng th, ti sao ni: "Xc v.v... cng nh thc", gi l Nht thit chng. - l v nm Tm s xc, tc v.v... c tng phn tng t chng t, nn gi l Nht thit chng. V v cnh s duyn ca xc cng vi s duyn ca thc bng nhau, v ci V sc, Xc tm s c cnh s duyn, v thn - s - duyn - duyn tt phi khi no cng c. - Tng chng t tng t trn Xc tm s ni y, khng phi l nhn duyn sanh ra hin thc, ging nh trn Xc Tm s hin ra tng nhn cn tng t, n khng phi tht lm ch nng cho thc, cng nh la tng t khng c cng dng t chy. - Li cu nn ca ngi kia phi l. Xc, tc v.v... duyn tng chng t tng t, iu ny n on ni v "ch chp th" mi nn em so snh vi thc. - Do , trc y bi tng ni cu "nht thit chng" hn l ni n ngha thc th hun, gi gn chng t, (ch khng ni s duyn chng t hu lu). Nu khng phi vy, th bn tng c li ni trng lp. Li tng kia ni cu "cng nh vy" v khng c gin bit, cho nn em so snh lm chng khng thnh. Khng th ni nm Tm s xc v.v... cng c kh nng liu bit. Xc ... cng tng ng vi xc nh thc ... o nn bit cu "cng nh vy" trong bi tng, l ty theo ch thch hp m ni, ch khng phi bo xc ging nh thc D thc tt c. (19) - Thc A li da l on hay thng? - Chng phi on chng phi thng. V n hng m chuyn vy. "Hng" ngha l thc ny t v th n nay, mt loi tng tc thng hng khng gin on, v l cn gc t thi thit c ba ci, su ng, bn loi. V th tnh bn chc, duy tr chng t khng mt. "Chuyn" ngha l thc ny t v th n nay, nim nim sanh dit, trc sau bin khc, nhn dit qu sanh, chng phi thng nht, nn c th lm ch cho by chuyn thc hun tp thnh chng t. Ni "hng" l ngn khng phi on, ni "chuyn" l biu th khng phi thng. Ging nh dng nc dc. Nhn qu l nh vy, nh dng nc dc chng phi on chng phi thng, tip ni mi thnh c s tri ni, chm m. Thc ny cng vy, t v th n nay, sanh dit tip ni chng phi thng, chng phi on, lm tri ni chm m loi hu tnh, khng thot ra khi. Li nh dng nc dc, tuy c b gi kch ng ni sng m vn chy khng dt. Thc ny cng vy, tuy c gp cc duyn khi ln nhn thc v.v... vn hng tip ni khng dt.

Li nh dng nc dc, tuy chy ln xung m cc vt c, tm, c rc vn theo dng chy khng ri b, Thc cng vy, cc tp kh bn trong v cc php xc Tm s bn ngoi vn thng i theo chuyn bin. Php v d nh trn, mun hin by thc ny t v th nhn qu tip ni chng phi on, chng phi thng. Ngha l tnh ca thc ny t v th li, st na, st na, qu sanh nhn dit. V qu sanh cho nn chng phi on, nhn dit cho nn chng phi thng. Chng phi on, chng phi thng l ngha ca l Duyn khi. Cho nn ni thc ny hng m chuyn nh dng nc dc. Hi: - Qu kh v v lai khng phi tht c, nn ni phi thng l c, ch sao li phi on? M phi thng tc l on, thi u c thnh chnh l Duyn khi? p: - Qu kh v v lai nu l tht c th c th cho l phi on, ch sao li phi thng? M phi on tc l thng, cng khng thnh chnh l Duyn khi. Hi: - Tuy nhin u phi ch bc li ngi khc m ngha ca mnh c thnh? p: - Nu khng ti t th kh m hin chnh. Ngay khi nhn trc dit l qu sau sanh, hai u nh qu cn cao thp cng lc. Nh th nhn qu tip ni nh dng nc, cn g phi tht c qu kh v v lai mi thnh phi on. Hi: - Ngay khi nhn hin hu th hu qu cha sanh. Vy nhn l nhn ca ci g? Ngay khi qu hin hu th nhn trc qua mt, vy qu y l qu ca ci g? khng nhn qu th ci g la on thng? p: Nu ni ngay khi c nhn c hu qu, vy qu sn c cn g i nhn trc? Nhn khng c th qu lm sao c? Khng nhn khng qu, u c la on thng? - Theo i tha gio, ngha nhn qu c thnh l nng ni tc dng ca php th, cho nn iu ct nn ca ng khng lin quan g n tng ch i tha ca ti. Nu theo ng, qu th vn c th qu dng cng vn c v nhn duyn c ch i cng vn c, nh th th nhn qu quyt khng c. - Vy hy nn tin theo chnh l duyn khi ca i tha, l chnh l thm diu ly ngn. Ni nhn ni qu, u l gi thit t. C qun st php hin ti thy c tc dng dn n sau, gi lp cho l qu ng lai v i li ni l nhn hin ti. Qun st php hin ti c tng th p i vi trc, gi lp cho l nhn qu kh, v i li ni l qu hin ti. "Gi" ngha l trn hin thc hin ra t nh tng nhn, tng qu kia. Nh vy l th nhn qu r rng, xa la hai bn on thng, kh hi trung o. Cc ngi c tr nn thun theo m tu hc.

- C cc B phi khc ni: "Tuy khng c qu kh, v lai, song c nhn qu thng tip ni". Ngha l php hin ti, di chuyn rt nhanh nh l c hai thi k u v cui. Khi sanh th p tr nhn, khi dit th dn sanh qu. Thi gian tuy c hai m th l mt. Ngay khi nhn trc dit l ngay khi qu sau sanh. Th tng tuy khc nhau m u tht c. Nh vy nhn qu chng phi gi ba t, nhng la on thng, khng b ct nn trn. Lm sao ngi c tr li b y m tin kia? Lun ch: Li kia ch ni l sung, hon ton khng c tht ngha. Nu ch trong mt nim m c hai thi, sanh v dit tri nhau, th lm sao c th ng trong hin ti? Dit nu hin ti th sanh phi v lai. "C" gi l sanh, l hin ti, "khng" gi l dit, lm sao chng phi l qu kh? Dit nu l chng phi khng, th sanh chng phi c. Sanh l hin hu, th dit nn l hin v. Li c hai tri nhau, lm sao th l mt? Chng phi nh kh vi lc m thy c iu . Sanh v dit nu l mt, th thi gian trc sau phi hai, cn sanh v dit khc nhau, th u c th ni th ng. Cho nn sanh v dit u c trong hin ti, ng nng mt th, l l y khng thnh. - Kinh B S, ch trng nhn qu tip ni, l cng khng thnh; v h khng chp nhn c thc A li da gi gn chng t. - Do , nn tin theo chnh l duyn khi nhn qu tip ni ca i tha. (20) - Thc ny t v th thng hng v chuyn bin nh dng nc, vy cho n a v no mi x b n hon ton? - a v A la hn mi hon ton x b n. Ngha l cc bc Thnh dt phin no chng n khi hon ton sch ht th gi l A la hn. By gi th phin no th trng thc ny vnh vin xa la, nn gi l x b. Trong y ni A la hn l nhip chung c qu v v hc ca ba tha. V c ba tha u st hi vnh vin gic phin no, xng ng lnh th s cng dng tt p ca th gian, vnh vin khng cn chu qu sanh t phn on. - Lm sao bit nh th? V trong Quyt trch phn lun Du gi ni: "Cc v A la hn, c gic v Nh Lai u khng cn thnh tu thc A li da" (tc khng cn ng i chp tng). Tp Lun li ni: "Cc B tt khi c B , th lin dt phin no v s tri chng, thnh qu v A li da v Nh Lai". Hi: - Nu vy, vi B tt cha vnh vin dt sch chng t phin no, khng phi l A la hn, th l ng cc v y u phi thnh tu thc A li da, th c sao cng chnh trong Quyt trch phn kia ni: "B tt bt thi, cng khng thnh tu thc A li da?" (Thnh tu y c ngha l cn c thc A li da). p: Quyt trch phn kia ni th l ch cho ngi qu v v hc ca Nh tha m hi tm th hng i B , chc chn h khng cn tr lui khi phin no chng. V by gi h th hng B nn c i tn gi l B tt bt thi. Ngi ny khng

thnh tu thc A li da, tc l h thuc vo trong hng A la hn. Cho nn lun vn kia khng tri vi ngha ny. Li bc B tt bt Bt ng tr ln, ni h tt c phin no vnh vin khng hin hnh, c nhm vn tri trong dng php chp, c th trong cc hnh nh b th v.v... m khi ln cc hnh, v v tng st na, st na chuyn tin thm dn; cho nn a v ny mi c gi l B tt bt thi v bt ng. Song v B tt bt ng a ny tuy cha dt sch chng t phin no trong D thc thc, m ng kin, ng i duyn thc D thc ny cng khng cn chp tng lm t ni ng, o vnh vin b tn gi A li da. Nn ni a v ny khng thnh tu thc A li da, v cng gi y l A la hn. - C thuyt cho rng B tt t S a tr ln v chng c chn l do hai khng biu l, c hai th tr cn bn, hu c th thng, dt hai trng chng (chng t) phn bit, v trong mt hnh khi cc hnh, nn ty h c v s li ch chng sanh m khi phin no th h cng khng gy ti li phin no, cho nn gi h l B tt bt thi. Song v B tt ny tuy cha dt sch phin no cu sanh, m phn bit duyn thc ny cng khng cn chp tng lm t ni ng. Do , cng b tn A li da. Cho nn ni a v ny khng thnh tu thc A li da v trong bi tng ny cng ni B tt S a tr ln l A la hn. Th nn trong Tp Lun ni li nh th ny: "Thp a B tt tuy cha vnh vin dt sch tt c phin no, nhng phin no ny ch nh cc th c b ch thut v thuc i tr, n khng c ti li ca phin no. Trong mi a v, h nh A la hn dt sch phin no, cho nn cng gi h l A la hn". Lun ch: - Kia ni th phi l. T Tht a tr v trc vn cn c ng kin, ng i cu sanh, (ch khng phi phn bit) chp tng thc ny lm t ni ng, th th no m b c tn A li da. Cn nu ng kin ng i phn bit (ch php phi cu sanh) kia khng cn chp tng thc ny lm t ni ng m cng gi l b, th cc bc hu hc trong hng D lu v.v... cng c th b tn A li da sao? Nu chp nhn nh th th tri nghch, ph hi iu ni trong cc lun. - B tt a thng, u do chnh tr, nn du c phin no cng khng li lm. Hng D lu khng th c c vic , u c th em hng D lu kia snh vi B tt? Lun ch: - Trong lc thc ca v B tt nhp a du c khi phin no, nhng do c chnh tr nn khng mc ti li ca phin no, cn tht thc a v tm hu lu, vn nhm vn hin hnh chp tng thc th tm, nh vy u khng phi ng vi D lu. Do nn bit kia ni phi l. Nhng A la hn dt sch phin no th trng trong Tng thc, khng cn chp tng A li da thc lm t ni ng, o vnh vin mt hn tn gi A li da, m gi l "b", ch khng phi x b tt c thc th A li da. Ch bo rng A la hn khng c thc gi gn chng t, by gi bn nhp V d Nit bn.

Thc th tm, tuy mi hu tnh u c, song ty theo ngha sai bit khc m t ra nhiu tn gi. Hoc gi l Tm, bi n l ni cha nhm cc chng t do cc php hun tp vo. Hoc gi l A na, bi n chp gi chng t v sc cn khng hoi mt. Hoc gi l S tri y, bi n lm ch nng da cho cc php s tri nhim tnh. Hoc gi l Chng t thc, bi n nhm vn chp tr cc chng t cc php khp c th v xut th gian. Cc tn nu trn y xuyn sut mi a v t phm phu n Hin Thnh. Hoc gi l A li da, bi n nhip gi cc php tp nhim v bi n b ng kin, ng i chp tng lm t ni ng. Tn gi ny ch c a v D sanh, hu hc, ch khng th c a v v hc v B tt bt thi, v cc a v ny u cn c ngha chp tng php tp nhim. Hoc gi l D thc thc, bi n dn n qu D thc ca nghip thin c trong ng sanh t. Tn gi ny ch c a v D sanh, Nh tha v B tt, ch khng phi c a v Nh Lai v Nh Lai u cn c php D thc v k. Hoc gi l V cu thc, bi n lm ch nng da cho cc php cc thanh tnh v lu. Tn gi ny ch c a v Nh Lai. V B tt, Nh tha v D sanh cn chp gi chng t hu lu, cn c th chu hun tp, cha c thc th th tm trn lnh thanh tnh. Nh Kh kinh ni: Thc v cu ca Nh Lai, L tnh tnh v lu, Gii thot ht mi chng, Tr vin cnh tng ng. Tn A li da v ti li nng, v b x b trc ht, cho nn trong tng y nhn mnh trc. Thc th D thc th khi B tt sp chng B lin x b, v khi Thanh vn, c gic nhp V d y Nit bn cng x b. Cn thc th V cu khng c bao gi x, v thi gian li lc hu tnh l v tn. Bn tn Tm, A na, S tri y, Nht thit chng, xuyn sut tt c a v, ty ngha nhim tnh thch hp m gi tn. - Nhng thc th tm tng c hai a v: 1. - a v hu lu, n nhip thuc tnh v k, tuy tng ng vi nm Tm s bin hnh, ch duyn cnh chp th v x nh trn ni. 2. a v v lu, n nhip thuc thin tnh, tng ng vi 21 Tm s l nm Bin hnh, nm Bit cnh v 11 thin, v (Bin hnh tm s) thng tng ng vi nht thit tm, (Dc tm s) thng a chng tri cnh s qun, v (Thng gii tm s) thng n nhp kin tr ni cnh s qun, v (Nim tm s) thng nh r cnh tri qua, v (nh

tm s) Th Tn khng lc no l khng c nh tm, v (Tu tm s) thng quyt trch ht thy php, v c lng tin cc tnh, nn thng tng ng 11 thin, v khng nhim nn khng tng ng cn ty phin no. V khng tn ng nn khng tng ng Tm s Bt nh, v n cng ch tng ng vi x th, v hng thng nhm vn t ti chuyn mt cch bnh ng. V ly tt c php lm cnh s duyn, v tr vin cnh duyn khp ht thy php. (21)

---o0o--IX. CHNG MINH C THC TH TM

- Lm sao bit ngoi nhn thc v.v... ring c t th thc th tm? Ly Thnh gio v chnh l lm nh lng m bit c. Nh trong Kh kinh i tha A t t ma ni: Gii t v th li, Ht thy php u nng, Do c cc th, V Nit bn chng c. Thc th tm ny, t tnh vi t cho nn ly tc dng ch by n. Na bi tng u ch r thc th tm c tc dng lm nhn duyn. Na bi tng sau ch r thc th tm c tc dng lm ch nng ta, chp tr lu chuyn (cc th) v hon dit (Nit bn). Ch "gii) c ngha l nhn, tc l chng t thc, t v th li, ln lt tip ni, ch thn sanh ra cc php, cho nn gi l nhn (gii). Ch "nng" (y) ngha l duyn, tc l thc chp tr. Thc ny t v th li lm ch nng ta mt cch bnh ng cho ht thy php, cho nn gi l duyn. Ngha l v n chp tr (tr) cc chng t, v lm ch nng (y) cho cc php hin hnh, do chng t m bin ra php hin hnh kia v do chp tr m lm ch nng cho php hin hnh kia. Bin ra php kia l bin ra kh th gii v thn c cc cn. Lm ch nng cho php kia l lm ch nng cho cc chuyn thc. V thc chp th nm sc cn, m khin cho nm thc nhn, nh, v.v... nng cn chuyn hin; li lm ch nng cho thc Mt na, v thc th su nng Mt na chuyn hin. V Mt na v thc u thuc chuyn thc, nn ging nh nhn thc v.v... phi nng ni cn cu hu mi pht khi c. Thc th tm v l thc tnh, nn cng ly thc th by lm cu hu y. y l ni v ci dng lm nhn duyn ca thc th tm. Trong bi tng ch "o c" l do c thc th tm ny. Ch "c cc th: l cc ci thin c. Ngha l do c thc th tm ny chp tr tt c php thun vi lun hi lu chuyn; m khin cc hu tnh phi lu chuyn trong sanh t. Tuy hoc, nghip v sanh (t sanh), u l lu chuyn, nhng "th" (ng) l qu, v trng yu hn nn ni nhn

mnh (cc th). Hoc ch "ch th" xuyn sut c nng th v s th. V t dng (tc hoc v nghip) ca cc th, cng gi tn l th. Cc hoc, nghip v sanh, u nng ni thc ny. l thc ny c tc dng lm ch y tr cho s lu chuyn. Cu "V Nit bn chng c" l do c thc th tm ny, cho nn c Nit bn chng c, ngha l do c thc th tm ny chp tr tt c php thun vi s hon dit, khin k tu hnh chng c Nit bn. Trong y ch ni o chng c, v Nit bn khng da ni thc ny m c. Hoc y ch ni Nit bn s chng, v n chnh l iu m k tu hnh mong cu. Hoc y ni chung c Nit bn (Dit ) v o (o ) u l nhip thuc vo phm loi hon dit. Ngha l Tng ni ch "Nit bn" l biu th cnh tch dit c chng. Cn Tng ni ch "chng c" tip sau, l biu th o nng c. Do o nng on (v gin o) m on c lu hoc s on, n a v cu cnh chng c Nit bn. o nng on, lu hoc on, o nng chng, Nit bn s chng u nng ni thc ny. l thc ny c tc dng lm ch y tr cho hon dit. Li, trong bi tng trn, cu u l hin th t tnh ca thc ny hng c t v th. Ba cu sau l hin th n lm ch y ch hoc tng, hoc bit cho hai php tp nhim v thanh tnh. Php tp nhim l Kh , Tp , tc l s th v bn loi sanh, v nng th l hoc, nghip. Php thanh tnh l Dit , o d, tc Nit bn s chng v o nng chng. Nit bn v o, c hai th kia u nng thc ny m c. Cn nu nng chuyn thc th khng thnh. Hoc cu u ca bi tng hin th thc th t v th tip ni, ba cu sau hin th lm ch y ch cho ba th t tnh, l Y tha khi tnh (cu tng hai), Bin k s chp tnh (cu tng ba) v Vin thnh tht tnh (cu tng bn). Theo th lp nh th nn bit. - Nhng ngha c ni trong bi tng trn, nu la thc th tm th cc ngha y khng thnh. Chnh trong kinh i tha A t t ma kia cn ni: Do thc nhip tng ht, Chng t ca cc php, Nn gi A li da. Ta ch dy ngi thng. Do bn thc th tm ny y cc chng t, cho nn c th nhip tng cc php tp nhim, nng theo ngha y m t tn thc th tm ny l A li da, chng phi nh "Thng tnh" ca phi Thng lun chp n chuyn bin thnh Gic i v.v... y, th chng t vi qu ca chng t chng phi mt, v nng y ch v b y ch u cng sanh, cng dit.

V n cng vi php tp nhim nhip tng ln nhau, ng thi n l ni b loi hu tnh chp tng lm ng, cho nn thc ny tn l A li da. - Cc v B tt vo kin o c chn hin qun, gi l ngi thng. Cc v ny c th chng bit thc A li da, cho nn c Th Tn ta chnh thc v h khai th dy bo. Hoc tt c B tt trc mi a u c gi l ngi thng. Tuy trc khi vo kin o, h cha th chng bit thc A li da, nhng c th tin bit l Duy thc cu c qu chuyn y n, nn Pht cng dy cho. Cc chuyn thc khng th c c cc ngha . - Kinh Gii Thm Mt cng ni nh vy: Thc A na rt thm t, Cc chng t nh dng nc dc, Ta khng ch dy hng phm phu, S chng phn bit chp lm ng. V c kh nng chp tr chng t cc php, li c kh nng chp th nm sc cn v thn ca sc cn nng, cng c kh nng chp th un nghip kit sanh tip ni, cho nn ni thc ny tn l A na. Hng hu tnh khng c chng tnh gic ng th khng th bit cng cn ca n, nn ni l rt su; cn hng c chng tnh Nh tha th tch th khng th thng t, nn ni l rt t. y l chng t tht ca ht thy php, h gp duyn kch thch th lin hin sanh cc sng mi chuyn thc, v thng hng khng gin on, nh dng nc dc. Trong bi tng, ni "phm" tc ch hng ngi khng c chng tnh gic ng; ni "ngu" tc ch cho hng Nh tha th tch. V s hai hng i vi thc ny khi tm phn bit, vng chp lm ng m b o vo ng c, chng ngi cho s sanh vo Thnh o, nn c Th Tn ta khng ch dy cho h. Ch c thc th tm mi c cc tng nh th. - Kinh Nhp Lng gi cng ni nh vy: Nh bin gp duyn gi, Khi th sng mi, Sanh tc dng hin tin, Khng lc no gin on Bin Tng thc cng th, Gi cnh gii kch ng,

Thng khi cc sng thc, Sanh tc dng hin tin. Cc thc nhn, nh, v.v... khng th ging nh bin ln, thng tip ni chuyn bin khi ln cc sng thc, cho nn bit phi ring c thc tnh th tm. Trong v lng kinh i tha u ni ring c thc th tm ny. M cc kinh i tha u l thun vi l v ng, v tri vi st th th (hu tnh ng), l kinh c l l tri b lu chuyn sanh t, th hng hon dit Nit bn, tn thn Pht, Php, Tng, hy bng cc ngoi o, biu th cc php un, x, gii, ngn nga thng tnh ca ngoi o. Cho nn ngi a thch i tha u chp nhn kinh i tha c th hin by ngha l khng in o, v n nhip thuc vo Kh kinh, v nh kinh Tng Nht v.v... u l thuc vo ch gio lng. Li, Thnh T Th dng by nhn sau y chng minh kinh i tha tht l do Pht ni: 1. V trc Pht khng th k N kinh i tha l do nhng ngi sau khi c Pht dit , mun ph hoi Chnh php m ni ra, th ti sao Th Tn khng d k trc, nh Ngi tng d k cc vic b y s xy ra? 2. V vn cng lu hnh Kinh i, Tiu tha gio trc n nay cng lu hnh, vy th lm sao bit ring kinh i tha l khng phi ca Pht ni. 3. V khng phi cnh gii ca ngi khc Gio l i tha rng ln rtr su, khng phi l cnh gii ca hng ngoi o t lng bit n c, trong kinh lun ca h cha tng ni n gio l i tha, du c ni cho h nghe, h cng khng tin th. Cho nn kinh i tha chng phi l ngi khng phi Pht ni c. 4.. V nn cng nhn - Nu bo gio l i tha do cc c Pht khc ni ch khng phi do c Thch Ca ni, th th gio l i tha l Pht ni, l r rng phi cng nhn. 5. V l c, khng c - Nu chp nhn c gio l i tha, thi nn tin gio l y l do Pht ni, v ngoi kinh i tha th khng c gio l i tha. Nu bo khng c gio l i tha, th gio l Thanh vn tha cng khng c, v ngoi i tha gio th quyt nh khng bit nng vo u thnh Pht. Khng Pht th ai ra i ging gio l Thanh vn tha. Cho nn ch chp nhn Thanh vn tha gio l Pht ni, m ch bai i tha gio l khng ng l. 6. V i tr - Nhng ngi y theo i tha gio sing nng tu hnh, u c th t n tr v phn bit, c kh nng chnh thc i tr tt c phin no. Th nn tin kinh i tha l Pht ni.

7. V ngha khc vn Gio l i tha th rt su sc, khng th theo vn th ngha ni, ri sanh tm ph bng cho l khng phi Pht ni. Do cc l nh trn nn bit kinh i tha tht do Pht ni. Nh trong lun trang nghim c bi tng tm tt ngha trn: Trc chng k, cng lu hnh Khng phi cnh gii ngoi o. ng cng nhn c, khng c, i tr, v ngha khc vn. Trong kinh thuc cc b phi Pht gio cng mt ni ring thc A li da, nh trong kinh A cp ma (A hm) ca i chng b, c ch mt ni thc ny gi l Cn bn thc, l ch nng ca nhn thc v.v... v nh ci cy l gc ca nhnh l, ch khng phi nhn thc v.v... c c ngha . - Trong kinh thuc phi Thng ta b v Phn bit lun gi, u c mt ni thc ny gi l Hu phn thc. Hu l tam hu (ba ci), phn l nhn. Ch c thc ny thng hng cng khp mi c th lm nhn ca Tam hu. - Ha a b ni thc ny l Cng sanh t un. La thc th tm khng th ring c php un no i n tn cng ngn m sanh t, khng bao gi gin on. Ngha l ci tri V sc b gin on, ci tri V tng th cc tm khc b dit mt, cn tm Bt tng ng hnh php th la sc v tm khng th t c. l iu c cng nhn. Cho nn bit ch c thc A li da ny mi gi l Cng sanh t un. - Trong kinh Tng Nht thuc phi Thuyt Nht thit Hu b cng mt ni: Thc ny gi l A li da nh ni i A li da, lc A li da, hn A li da, h A li da, ngha l lng tham ca Mt na i vi A li da (lya - rma, lya - rata, lya - sammudita) trong ba i tng c v bit khc nhau, nn lp ra bn tn y. Loi hu tnh chp n lm t ni ng tht, cho n khi cha chm dt ci chp , th lun lun sanh tm a m n. Cho nn A li da thc mi l ch tht ng a m, ch khng chu chp "nm th un", v khi sanh vo ch thun chu kh th khng a m thn nm th un , m thng xuyn chn ght thn nm th un , ngh rng ta lc no s x b c mng cn nm th un ny, chng ng phn ny, thn tm au kh ny, cho ta c t ti hng khoi lc. Nm dc cng chng phi l ch tht ng a m, ngha l ngi la dc, tuy h khng cn tham a nm dc, nhng h vn a ci ta ca mnh. Lc th cng khng phi l ch tht ng a m, ngha l ngi xa la tp nhim Tam Thin, tuy h chn lc th ca Tam Thin, nhng h vn a ci ta ca mnh.

Thn kin cng chng phi l ch tht ng a m, ngha l nhng ngi khng phi l bc v hc nhng tin l v ng, tuy h khng sanh lng a m thn kin, song i vi ci ta bn trong h vn a m. Cc chuyn thc cng chng phi cng chng phi l ch tht ng a m, ngha l nhng ngi khng phi v hc nhng cu dit Tm, tuy h chn ght cc chuyn thc, nhng h vn a ci ta ca mnh. Sc thn cng chng phi cng chng phi l ch tht ng a m, ngha l nhng ngi la sc nhim, tuy h chn ght sc thn, nhng h vn a ci ta ca mnh. Bt tng ng hnh php la Sc v Tm khng th t c cho nn cng chng phi l ch tht ng a m. K D sanh, hng Hu hc trong khi khi ng i, tuy i vi cc un khc hoc c i, khng i, nhng i vi thc th tm ny lun lun vn a chp lm ng. Cho nn ch c thc th tm ny l ch tht ng a m. Do trong kinh Tng Nht ni n tn A li da chnh hin th thc A li da ny vy. - Trn y dn Thnh gio lm chng c thc A li da. By gi s hin by chnh l lm chng. 1. Kh kinh ni: Ch tp hp v pht khi chng t cc php nhim, thanh tnh gi l tm. Nu khng thc ny th ci Tm gi gn chng t kia khng c c. Cc chuyn thc khi Dit tn nh v.v... b gin on. Cc cn, cc cnh, tc , thin tm v.v... chng loi khc nhau, d sanh, d mt nh in chp, khng chc chn, khng th hun tp, khng th gi gn chng t, nn chng phi l ci tm tp hp v pht khi cc chng t nhim tnh. Ch c thc th tm ny, mt loi trc sau tng tc khng gin on, c tnh kin tr v c th chu hun tp nh m, l tng ng vi ngha ch Tm ca kinh ni. Nu khng chp nhn c Tm gi gn chng t th khng nhng tri kinh m cng tri vi chnh l. V cc php nhim tnh c khi ln khng do c hun tp. Khng hun tp thnh chng t, th s khi ln ch l ung cng. Khi php nhim tnh khi ln khng nhn ni chng t, thi ng nh ngoi o chp t nhin sanh. - Sc v php Bt tng ng hnh khng phi l Tm, v nh ting vang, nh nh sng, khng phi l ch ca php nhim tnh bn trong hun tp, th n u c th gi gn chng t. Li nhng php Sc v Bt tng ng ny la thc khng th t c, th lm sao chp n lm ch nng cho chng t bn trong? Cc Tm s php tng ng vi chuyn thc, n nh chuyn thc c gin on, d khi d mt, khng t ti, khng phi Tm, nn khng th gi gn chng t, cng khng chu s hun tp. Cho nn ng l phi c ci Tm gi gn chng t ring.

- C thuyt cho rng su thc t v th, nng ni cn v cnh c phn v trc sau, thc th ty ba tnh chuyn bin, song ng mt loi, nn c th chu s hun tp v gi gn chng t. Do thnh nhn qu nhim tnh, ch cn g phi chp c thc th tm? - Li ni v ngha. V sao? V nu chp thc loi c tht th ng vi ngoi o Thng lun. Nu chp thc loi l gi th khng c tc dng mnh m, nn khng th gi gn chng t tht ca ni php. Li chp thc loi , n nhip thuc tnh g? Nu l tnh thin, c, thi khng th chu s hun tp, v n thuc hu k, ging nh Trch dit v vi. Nu n l v k, th khi tm thin hoc c ni ln, l khng c tm v k, thc loi y tt phi on, khng th ni s th ca thc c thin, c c m loi ch l v k, v loi khc nhau th cng ng nh tnh th thc khc nhau. Loi a v v tm, thc loi ny quyt khng c. c gin on, tnh khng kin tr, th lm sao chp n c th gi gn chng t v chu s hun tp. Li A la hn hoc tm loi D sanh, su thc loi ng l v k, th thi c th A la hn hun tp cc php nhim, loi D sanh li hun tp php v lu. Chp nhn th th c li. Li cc cn nhn, nh v.v... hoc cc php khc cng vi nhn thc, m loi ca cn,loi ca php v loi ca thc ng l v k, th n nn hun tp ln nhau. Nhng cc ng khng chp nhn nh th. Th nn, khng nn chp thc loi chu s hun tp. Li su thc, hoc t th hoc chng loi ca n trc sau hai nim khng cng khi mt ln, nh cch nhiu nim trc sau th khng th hun tp nhau, v nng hun v s hun phi ng thi. i vi ngi chp "su thc cng lc sanh khi c th hun nhau", (nm thc trc cng lc hun thc th su) th do th ni trn m bit thc th su khng phi s hun, nn n cng khng th gi gn chng t. - C ngi chp Sc, Tm, t loi khng gin on, nim trc lm chng t cho nim sau, l nhn qu c thnh. Cho nn li ni trc y (ni tp khi gi l Tm ch thc A li da) lm chng khng thnh. - Li chp kia phi l, v khng c s hun tp. Ngha l t loi nim trc sau kia khng c s hun tp, th lm sao chp nim trc lm chng t cho nim sau? Li na, t loi c gin on th khng th sanh tr li, v hng Nh tha v hc khng c thn ng un i sau, v ngi kia ly sc tm khi cht lm chng t cho thn sau. Cng khng nn chp Sc, v Tm ln lt lm chng t sanh ra nhau, v chuyn thc v sc u khng chu s hun tp, nh trc ni ri.

- C thuyt cho rng cc php ba i u c nhn chiu cm qu, qu th p nhn, ch nhc g phi chp c thc th tm gi gn chng t. Nhng Kh kinh s d ni tm l chng t, v tm c cng dng th mnh khi ln php nhim tnh. - Li ni cc php ba i phi l. V qa kh v v lai chng phi thng, chng phi hin c, ging nh hoa m gia khng, khng phi tht c. Li ni khng c tc dng, khng th chp n lm nhn duyn c. Nu khng c thc th tm gi gn chng t nhim tnh, th l nhn qu khng thnh. - C ngi chp l "khng, v tng" ca i tha l rt ro, ch nng theo t t lng m bc sch ht, chng nhng khng c thc ny cng khng c ht thy php. Nhng ngi ny ch lm tri hi li kinh dn trc, i vi vic tri Kh, on Tp, chng Dit, tu o, nhn qu nhim tnh, h u chp cho l khng tht, thi thnh i t kin. Ngoi o hy bng nhn qu nhim tnh, cng khng bo l hon ton khng c, m ch chp cho l khng phi tht. Nu ht thy u khng tht c, thi cc B tt khng nn v x b sanh t khng tht c m tinh cn tu tp t lng B khng tht c. Ai l ngi c tr li i tm a con ca ngi con gi , lp i qun nh ch mng huyn? Cho nn, nn tin c c tm gi gn chng t, m da vo kin lp nhn qu nhim tnh. V tm kia tc l thc th tm ny vy. 2. Li Kh kinh ni: C tm D thc do nghip thin c chiu cm. Nu khng c thc th tm ny th tm D thc kia khng th c. V nhn thc v.v... c gin on khng phi lc no cng l nghip qu (khi n v k l nghip qu, khi n khi thin, c, th khng phi nghip qu), v nh in chp, nn chng phi l tm D thc, tm D thc khng th dt ri li ni, v mng cn (D thc) khng c vic y. Su thc nhn, nh, v.v... do nghip chiu cm, v nh m thanh khng phi hng s tip ni, n l D thc sanh ch khng phi chn D thc. Quyt nh phi chp nhn c tm chn D thc th p li dn nghip, bin khp khng gin on, bin hin cn, thn, kh gii lm ch nng cho hu tnh, v cn thn kh gii la tm D thc khng th c c. Bt tng ng hnh php th khng c tht th; cc chuyn thc th khng phi hng c. Nu khng tm D thc ny th ci g bin ra cn thn kh gii; li nng n php g m lun c loi hu tnh. Li khi trong nh khng t l g ht, hoc khi khng trong nh th c t l chuyn khc, vn thng khi ln nhiu s cm th ni thn. Nu khng c tm D thc chp gi cm th th khng th lc sau thn c s vui thch hoc lao tn. Nu khng hng c tm D thc th lm sao khi ra nh li c s cm th ni thn ny? i v nhng loi hu tnh khng phi l Pht, khi ln cc tm thin khc, chc phi tm chn D thc ng thi hin khi. Hi: Sao ring Pht khng c tm D thc?

p: - Nh chp nhn khi khi ln tm chn D thc kia, th l cc loi hu tnh ch chng phi Pht. Do cc hu tnh thng c tm chn D thc v tm y chnh l thc th tm ny. 3.Li Kh kinh ni: Loi hu tnh lu chuyn trong nm th bn loi sanh. Nu khng c thc ny th ci th ca nm th bn loi sanh (gii th sanh th) kia khng th c c. Ngha l phi c bn ngha l tht c, hng thng, bin khp, khng ln xn mi c th lp chnh ci php lm th ca nm th, bn loi sanh. Nu php khng phi D thc, th th th sanh s ri lon, tr y m khi ln php ni th sanh khc. Cc sc D thc v mt phn do nghip cm trong nm thc, n khng bin khp th sanh, v trong ci v sc, hon ton khng c sc v khng c nm thc hin hnh. Cc iu thin sanh ra c (bo c) v nhng iu do nghip cm trong thc tuy khp th sanh, khi ln khng ri lon, nhng khng hng c. Bt tng ng hnh php khng c tht th. Tt c php ni trn u khng th lp lm tht th chnh thc ca ng th, t sanh. Ch c D thc tm v tm s ca n tht c, hng thng, bin khp, khng tp, mi chnh thc chn tht lm tht th ca th sanh. Nu khng c tm D thc ny th khi sanh ci V sc (khng c sc v nm thc, ch c thc) v tr khi ln thin tm, tt khng phi th th sanh. Gi s chp nhn l th th sanh thu nhip cc php hu lu, th cc v A na hm khi sanh vo ci V sc, khi ln tm v lu, th khng phi th th sanh. Ni vy l tri l. trnh khi li trc v li ny, nn bit ch c php D thc mi chnh thc chn tht l th ca th sanh. Do vy m c Nh Lai khng nhip vo th th sanh, v Pht khng cn c php D thc v k, v Pht cng khng nhip thuc vo ci no, v Pht khng cn c ba lu, v v Th Tn x b Kh, Tp . Cc chng t h lun ni Ngi d vnh vin dt sch. Th ca th sanh ch thc l ch c tm D thc v tm s ca n, nhng tm v tm s ca n ny la ngoi thc th tm l khng th c c. Th nn bit ring c thc th tm ny. 4. Li Kh kinh ni: "Thn c sc cn l ci c chp v th, nu khng c thc th tm ny th ci kh nng chp th thn c sc kia khng c". Ngha l nm sc cn v ch nng ca n ch trong i hin ti l c chp th, tt n phi do tm c kh nng chp th n, m tm y ch l tm D thc do nghip trc dn n, ch khng phi php thin v nhim, hay mt li v k no c kh nng bin khp tip ni chp th thn c sc cn. Cc chuyn thc nhn, nh v.v... cng khng c c kh nng nh vy. Li ni "Ch c tm D thc chp th cn thn" ny mun ch r cc chuyn thc nhn, nh v.v... du khng c tnh cch nht loi c kh nng bin khp tip ni chp th

thn c sc cn bn trong ca mnh, ch khng phi ni nng chp th ch l tm D thc, (v v cu thc cng chp th) ng cho rng sc thn v lu ca c Pht khng c chp th (sc thn ca Pht c v cu thc chp th). Nhng y ni chp th sc thn hu lu th ch l tm D thc. Cc chuyn thc th theo duyn hin ti khi ln, nh ting, nh gi. Cn tm thin, tm nhim khng phi do nghip dn n v nh Phi trch dit. D thc sanh khng phi l chn D thc, khng phi l ch nng cho khp cc php, khng tip ni, v nh in chp khng c kh nng chp th sc thn hu lu. - Ni cc Tm thc l gm lun Tm s trong , v n quyt nh tng ng nhau, v nh ni ch "Duy thc" (gm lun c Tm s). Khng phi cc "Sc cn" v "Bt tng ng hnh" c kh nng chp th thn c sc cn, v khng c s duyn, v nh h khng. Cho nn cn c c tm chp th ring, v tm y chnh l thc th tm ny. 5. Li Kh kinh ni: Ba php Th, Non, Thc, nng ta duy tr ln nhau m c tn ti lin tip. Nu khng c thc ny th ci thc c kh nng gi gn Th v Non kia c tr lu, khng th c c". Ngha l cc chuyn thc c gin on, c bin chuyn nh gi v ting, khng c tc dng thng xuyn gi gn, khng th lp "chuyn thc" lm ci thc gi gn Th, Non. Ch c thc D thc khng gin on, khng bin chuyn nh Th v Non, mi c tc dng thng xuyn gi gn, nn c th lp thc D thc ny lm ci thc gi gn Th v Non. Kinh ni ba th y nng ta gn gi ln nhau, nu ch Th v Non l nht loi tip ni, cn thc th khng, l khng hp chnh l. Hi: - Tuy ni ba php Th, Non, Thc nng ta gi gn ln nhau, nhng ch chp nhn Non l khng bin khp ba ci (ci V sc khng c Non). Sao khng chp nhn ring "Thc" c gin on, chuyn bin? p: - iu ny i vi l l trc kia chng phi l iu sai lm ng ct nn. Ngha l nu ch c ba php khng gin on chuyn bin l c th thng xuyn gi gn ln nhau. Nu khng nh vy, th khng c tc dng thng xuyn gi gn nhau. Trc y dng l ny ch r ci thc c ni trong ba php Th, Non, Thc , khng phi l chuyn thc. Nn nu cho Non khng bin khp ba ci, th u c ph hoi l l trc kia? Cho nn nh trc ni, l ngha l rt ro c thnh. Li trong ba php, Th v Non ch l hu lu, cho nn bit Thc gi gn Th, Non kia cng l hu lu. Khi sanh ci V sc, khi ln tm v lu, by gi khng c tm D thc th thc no duy tr th mng ci V sc kia? Do nn bit c thc D thc nht loi hng thng v bin khp, duy tr Th, Non v Thc l thc th tm vy.

6. Li Kh kinh ni: "Cc loi hu tnh, trong khi th sanh v khi mng chung, chc chn trong hu tm tn lon, ch khng trong nh v tm. Nu khng c thc D thc ny thi ci tm trong khi sanh v khi cht khng th c". Ngha l khi sanh v khi cht, thn tm hn mui, nh ng m khng chim bao, m man, khi cc chuyn thc minh mn chc chn khng hin khi. Li trong v tr sanh v cht , hnh tng v s duyn ca su chuyn thc u khng th bit, ging nh v tr v tm, chuyn thc chc chn khng hin hnh. Hnh tng v s duyn ca su chuyn thc nu c hin hnh th chc s c bit r nh nhng lc khc, khng phi nh lc mi sanh hay lc sp cht. Hnh tng v s duyn ca chn D thc thc qu vi t khng th r c. N l qu bo do nghip dn, tip ni trong mt thi gian, hng khng chuyn bin. Chnh ci hu tm tn lon , gi l tm khi sanh t. Khng tri vi chnh l. - C thuyt cho rng: "Ng thc v tr th sanh quyt khng c, th thc th cnh hoc nhn ng thc, hoc nhn tha gio v nhn nh lc m khi ln, cc nhn khi th sanh khng c c, nn v tr th sanh, thc cng khng c (thuyt ny ch nm thc lm nhn sanh thc, nn ni nh vy)". - Nu vy, hu tnh sanh ci V sc, sau l ra thc vnh vin khng sanh ra c (v V sc khng c nm thc); v nh tm chc phi do t thc tn lon dt dn, m ng thc v tha gio ci V sc khng c, th tm tn lon dn khi ln nh tm khng do u c c. Nu bo nh kia do sc tp qun t trc; sau bng nhin hin ra. Nu vy, sao trong khi mi sanh ci kia khng hin khi? Li ci Dc, ci Sc khi mi th sanh, thc tp qun cng nn hin khi. Nu do v hn mui nn lc ban s cha hin tin c, th y chnh l nguyn nhn v hn mui khng hin khi, phi do chng t trong bn thc mi hin khi. c cng nhn trc kia, cn g li phi nhc cng ni do ba nhn khc (l nhn nm thc, nhn tha gio, nhn nh lc). - C cc b phi khc chp: " v tr khi sanh v khi cht, c mt loi thc vi t, m hnh tng v s duyn ca n u khng th bit r". nn bit loi thc vi t y chnh l thc th tm y; v cng nhn thc th hin khng phi l mt loi vi t kh bit nh vy. Li khi sp cht, do nghip thin c m c cm xc lnh ln lt khi ln trn di ni thn. Nu khng thc D thc ny, th vic khng thnh c. V chuyn thc th khng th chp th thn c. Cn nm thc nhn, nh v.v... u c ch nng ring nn hoc khng hin hnh. Cn lc thc by gi khng tr ni thn, v lc thc duyn cnh khng nht nh, li khi sp g trong thn hng thi tng tc, th cm xc lnh khng th do lc thc tm pht ra c. Vy nn bit ch c tm D thc do nghip lc i trc, hng thi bin khp tng tc chp th thn phn, nn khi sp cht tm D thc x b ch chp th no ni thn, th cm xc lnh sanh ra . V Th, Non v Thc khng la nhau, h ch no c cm xc lnh khi ln th ch l phi hu

tnh, ch thn cht phi tnh ny tuy cng do D thc tm bin ra v duyn, nhng khng chp Th. Cho nn quyt nh c thc th tm ny. 7. Li Kh kinh ni: "Thc duyn danh sc, danh sc duyn thc", hai php ln lt nng nhau, v nh b cu lau, cng lc ng vng. Nu khng c thc th tm ny th t th ca "thc" trong thc duyn danh sc khng c c. V trong kinh kia t gii thch rng, danh l bn un khng phi sc, sc l ci hnh trng trong bo thai nh Kit la lam v.v... Hai th ny cng vi thc nng nhau m tr, nh hai b cu lau thng cng duyn nhau trong mt lc m tr, khng h la nhau. Cc chuyn thc nhn, nh v.v... nhip vo trong danh. Nu thc th tm khng c, th ni ci g l thc duyn danh sc y? Cng khng th ni thc un thuc v danh trong danh sc ch l cho nm thc thn, cn thc trong cu "Thc duyn danh sc" l ch cho thc th su, v khi giai on hnh trng Kit la lam cha c nm thc. Li cc chuyn thc c gin on chuyn bin, khng c sc hng thi chp tr danh sc, lm sao ni n thng cng danh sc duyn nhau. Vy nn bit "Thc duyn danh sc" l r rng ch cho thc th tm. (Ht quyn ba ca bn Hn) 8. Li Kh kinh ni: "Tt c hu tnh u nung n m tn ti. Nu khng c thc ny th ci th ca thc thc (sng bng cc n ca thc) kia khng th c". Ngha l Kh kinh ni: n c bn cch: 1. on thc Lm bin hoi n l tng trng ca cch n ny. Ngha l ci Dc, nhng vt c hng, c v, c xc, trong khi n bin hoi th ly lm n. Do d Sc khng thuc v on thc, vi khi bin hoi mu sc khng c tc dng gi nui thn. 2. Xc thc- Tc xc chm cnh l tng trng ca n. Ngha l khi Xc tm s hu lu ca hu tnh xc chm cnh m c s cm th h lc, th c th ly lm n. Xc tm s tuy tng ng vi tt c cc thc, song Xc tm s ni su thc trc, c ngha "n" mnh hn, cnh xc chm y th ph r rt, nhip nhn h, lc, v x th, thun , ch thn, m c s t dng mnh hn. LTDT: Chng Minh C Thc Th 8 (trang 8) 3. t thc - Tc hy vng l tng trng ca n. Ngha l T tm s hu lu cng sinh khi vi Dc tm s, hy vng cnh ng a, c th ly lm n. T tm s ny tuy tng ng vi tt c cc thc, nhng "T" tng ng vi thc c ngha n mnh hn, v thc i vi cnh c s hy vng mnh. 4. Thc thc - Tc s chp tr l tng trng ca n. Ngha l thc hu lu, do th lc ca on, Xc, T thc tng trng m c th thnh ngha n. "Thc" ni y tuy

chung c t th cc thc, nhng thc th tm c ngha n mnh hn, v thc th tm l mt loi tng tc chp tr mng cn mnh hn. Do Tp Lun bn cch n ny nhip vo ba un (sc, hnh, thc un), nm x (hng, v, xc, php v x), mi mt gii (hng, v, xc, php, v su thc gii). Bn sch n ny c kh nng duy tr thn mng hu tnh, khng b h mt, nn gi l n. on thc ch c tc dng ci Dc, Xc v t thc tuy c c ba ci, nhng nng ni su thc m chuyn, nn ty theo thc m hoc c hoc khng. Cc chuyn thc nhn, nh v.v... c gin on, c bin chuyn, khng phi cng khp hng thi duy tr thn mng. Ngha l khi nh v tm (V tng nh, Dit tn nh), khi ng m, khi cht ngt, khi ci tri V tng, cc chuyn thc b gin on. Gi s a v hu tm, ty cn s y, cnh s duyn m chuyn dch theo ba tnh, ba ci, chn a, nn i vi vic duy tr thn mng, cc chuyn thc khng bin khp, khng hng thi lm sao duy tr c. Nhng ngi chp khng c thc th tm, vy nng vo u c Thc thc? V do u m kinh ni: "Tt c hu tnh u nng ni n m tn ti?" Cng khng th bo a v v tm, tuy khng c thc hin hnh nhng dng thc qu kh, v lai khng hin ti, khng thng hng, nh hoa m gia khng, khng c tht th tht dng, hay d cho c tht th tht dng m khng phi hin ti, th n nh h khng, khng thnh n c. Cng khng th ni tm nhp nh l mn n ca hu tnh a v v tm, v khi v tm th tm gia hnh nhp nh khng cn na. N thuc v qu kh, khng phi l n, vic y thnh tu rt ro ri. Li khng th ni: "Php Bt tng ng hnh" V tng nh l mn n cho hu tnh nhp V tng nh; v php Bt tng ng hnh khng nhip thuc bn cch n, v la sc tm, n khng tht c. C ngi chp Dit tn nh cn thc th su, n i vi hu tnh Dit tn nh c th l mn n. Li chp cng phi l, n on sau s ph rng. Li kia th ni hu tnh sanh vo hai ci Sc v V sc, khi khi tm v lu th ly g lm n? V thc v lu l ph hoi cc hu (ci), nn thc v lu khng th l mn n i vi thn mng hu tnh hai ci . Cng khng th chp trong thc v lu c chng t hu lu, c th lm thc n cho hu tnh kia, vi thc v lu ging nh Nit bn khng th chp tr chng t hu lu. Li khng th ni, thn v mng ca hu tnh thng gii duy tr ln nhau tc l lm mn n cho nhau, v trong bn cch n khng nhip thuc vo mng thn kia (trong bn cch n, khng c thn mng thc). Li ci V sc khng thn, th mng khng th duy tr, v l chng ng phn gia cc hu tnh khng c tht th.

Do bit chc khc vi chuyn thc, c thc D thc mt loi thng hng v bin khp, chp tr thn mng khng cho hoi mt. Nng theo l , c Th Tn ni: "Tt c hu tnh u nng ni n m tn ti". V ch nng ni nm th un m kin lp hu tnh. Pht khng c ng un hu lu, nn khng nhip vo hu tnh. Ni "Hu tnh nng n m tn ti" nn bit l ni theo cch th hin quyn xo (tc ni ngha bng). bit D thc thc l c tnh cch n hn c, m thc chnh l thc th tm ny vy. 9. Li Kh kinh ni: - Ngi Dit tn nh, thn, ng v tm hnh ca h u dit mt (thn hnh ch hi th ra vo, ng hnh ch tm t, hnh ch th, tng), nhng mng sng (th) khng dit, v cng khng b hi nng, nn cc cn khng bin hoi, "thc khng la thn"; "Nu khng c thc D thc ny th ngi Dit tn nh khng th c "thc khng la thn". Ngha l v thy nhn thc v.v... hnh tng th ng i vi cnh s duyn, khi khi nhn thc v.v... thng b lao l, nn chn ght n, tm thi cu s ngng ngh, dn dn dp tr nhn thc v.v... khng khi ln cho n khi ht sch, chnh nng v tr m tr trong Dit tn nh. Cho nn trong Dit tn nh, cc chuyn thc u dit, nu khng chp nhn c th thc vi t trc sau mt loi thng hng bin khp chp tr Th, Non, th nng vo u kinh ni: "Thc khng la thn?" Nu bo lc sau khi ra khi Dit tn nh, chuyn thc kia khi tr li nh st rt cch ngy, nn gi l thc khng la thn; nu th thi khng nn ni: "Tm hnh dit"; v su thc v th tng khi dit ng nhau. Li Th, Non v cc cn nu cng nhu su thc th c li ln, Cho nn, nn chp nhn c thc th tm cng nh Th v Non, tht khng la thn. Li trong a v Dit tn nh, nu hon ton khng c thc th nh ngi gch, chng phi loi hu tnh, u c ni l ngi Dit tn nh. Li nu a v Dit tn nh khng c D thc thc th ci g chp tr cc cn v Th, Non? Nu khng chp tr th phi hoi dit ht, ging nh thy cht, bn khng c Th, Non. vy, chc v sau thc khng sanh tr li m vn ni: "Thc khng la thn" th ci thc thuc v thc g? V cc D thc thc b thn ny ri, la thn ny g vo thn khc, th khng phi l sanh tr li. Li nu a v Dit tn nh ny khng c thc duy tr chng t, khng c chng t th v sau thc lm sao sanh li c. Php qu kh, v lai v Bt tng ng hnh, chng c tht th, iu ny c thnh lp ri. Cn cc sc php, la thc th u khng c. Ngoi thc th tm m c vic th hun v tr chng th cng ngn trc kia ri. Nhng a v v tm nh Dit tn nh cng ging nh trong a v hu tm, chc phi c thc ny, v c cc cn v Th, Non, tc l nhip thuc hu tnh (khng k v tm hay hu tm).

Do l , a v Dit tn nh, quyt phi c thc tht khng la thn. - Nu bo a v Dit tn nh c thc th su gi l: "Thc khng la thn" th cng khng ng l, v nh ny cng gi l nh v tm (khng c thc th su). Nu chp khng c nm thc gi l v tm, th c th tt c nh u gi l v tm nh, v tt c nh u khng c nm thc thn. thc nhip vo trong su chuyn thc, ging nh nm thc, Dit tn nh n khng c. Hoc ni thc trong a v Dit tn nh, hnh tng v s duyn ca n u khng th bit, nh Th v Non, th khng phi l lc thc. Nu a v Dit tn nh c ci thc m hnh tng v s duyn ca n u c th bit, th li ging nh cc a v khc, ch khng nhip vo a v Dit tn nh ny. Vn v mun ngng ngh ci thc c hnh tng v s duyn c th bit r, mi nhp nh dit ny. Li nu a v Dit tn nh c thc th su, th th Tm s php ca thc ny c hay khng? Nu c tm s th kinh khng nn ni: "Tr nh ny, tam hnh u dit". Li khng nn gi l nh dit th tng. Chp: - Khi tu gia hnh v nh ny l ch ct nhm chn th v tng, cho nn trong nh ny ch dit th v tng. Th v tng gip tm rt mnh, nn trong cc Tm s, ring n c gi l tm hnh, nh vy ni tm hnh dit (l ch dit th tng ch khng dit Tm Tm s) c g tri u? Lun ch - Trong V tng nh, ch nn mt mnh tng dit, v ch nhm chn tng, nhng ng khng chp nhn (ch tng dit) v nh va ni ch c th v tng gip tm rt mnh, vy khi hai th y dit, tm cng phi dit? Chp: - Khng, tm (thc th su) khng dit, cng nh thn hnh (hi th ra vo) dit m thn vn tn ti, ti sao c phi trch tm ng dit vi hnh (th, tng)? Lun ch: - Nu vy, khi ng hnh tm t dit, ngn ng khng nn dit. Nhng iu ny khng c chp nhn. Nhng (hnh) i vi php c th bin khp, c th khng bin khp. Khi th hnh bin khp dit, th php quyt phi dit theo,nhng khi th hnh khng bin khp dit, th php hoc dit hoc khng. Th hnh khng bin khp l ch cho hi th ra vo (thn hnh); v thy khi hi th dt m thn vn cn. Tm tm t i vi ng, thuc loi hnh bin khp, nn khi tm t dit th ng phi dit.

Th v tng i vi tm cng l loi hnh bin khp cng nh T tm s, thuc loi i a php (mi i a php l nm Bin hnh, nm Bit cnh, nm th ny bin khp ht thy tm), nn khi th v tng dit, tm nht nh dit theo. Ch lm sao c th ni th, tng dit m tm ( thc) khng dit? Li (Hu b) cho rng: "T l thuc i i php", vy th khi th, tng dit, t kia cng nn dit? Nu t dit, th a v Dit tn nh ny, tn cng khng c. V khng th bo Tm s bin hnh dit m cc Tm s khc nh tn v.v... c th khng dit, lm sao ni cn c cc Tm s khc tr th v tng? Nu chp nhn th v tng cng nh t thuc i a php, th a v ny t c th th, tng cng nn c. Li trong Dit nh ny, nu c t th cng nn c xc, v cc Tm s khc u nng nng lc ca xc m pht sanh. Nu chp nhn c xc th cng nn c th, v xc lm duyn cho th. chp nhn c th, th tng cng nn c, v th v tng khng ri nhau. Chp: - Nh "th" lm duyn sanh "i", khng c ngha tt c th u c th lm duyn sanh i, cho nn xc lm duyn sanh th, khng c ngha tt c xc u lm duyn sanh th. Do , vn nn nu trn khng ng l. Lun ch: - ng cu cha nh vy khng ng, v c s sai khc. Ngha l c Pht t gin bit ni ch c cc th do "v minh xc" lm duyn sanh ra, th mi lm duyn sanh i, ch cha bao gi Pht gin bit ni (chung chung) xc sanh th, cho nn nu h c xc tt l c th. Th vi tng i i, l chc chn. Hoc nn nh cc a v tn tm khc, th tng u khng dit. Chp trong a v Dit nh c Tm t s. Nu tha nhn th th tri vi li ni "Tm hnh dit"; v v cng khng thnh c nh dit th tng. Nu khng Tm s, th su thc Tm vng cng khng, khng bao gi thy c tm no la Tm s; v cc Tm s Bin hnh m dit th Tm vng dit theo. Nu bo c Tm vng m khng c Tm s th th tng khng phi l i a php, li thc ny khng th l php c Tm s tng ng. Nu tha nhn nh th th khng th c cn s y v cnh s duyn, n ging nh sc php v.v... cng khng th gi l tm. Li Kh kinh ni: " v php lm duyn sanh ra thc, ba th ha hp sanh ra xc, ni xc cng khi ln c th, tng, t". Nu trong nh dit tn c thc v l c ba s ha hp, phi l c xc, v xc chc chn cng khi vi th, tng v t. Vy ti sao c thc m li khng c Tm s? Nu bo trong nhng lc khc, ba s ha hp c nng lc mi thnh xc i, sanh xc Tm s, v xc y mi khi sanh th. Do nh ny, trc khi vo nh, v chn ght Tm s, nn khi trong nh, ba s khng c kh nng, khng thnh xc i, nn khng sanh xc, cng khng c th. Nu vy, nn gi l nh dit Tm s ch ti sao ch ni dit th tng?

Nu bo trong khi nhm chn th tng, nn khi hai th dit, tm s khc cng dit lun, y ht s nhm chn trc , gi tn l nh dit tn. Nu vy, trong dit nh tm th su cng nn dit, v Tm s th tng b nhm chn cng sanh vi cc Tm s khc. Khng vy th lm sao gi l nh v tm (Dit tn nh cng gi l nh v tm). li a v Dit tn nh ny, thc thuc tnh g? Khng th l nhim hay v k tnh; v trong cc thin nh, khng c vic ; v nhng Tm vng nhim v v k, th tc l c Tm s, khng nn chn thin m tr li khi ln nhim; v khng phi cu tch tnh m li khi ln tn ng. Nu bo thc trong Dit tn nh ny l thin, th c th l tng ng thin, nn tng ng vi v tham thin cn v.v... Tm th su trong nh khng th l t tnh thin, hoc thng ngha thin, v tri vi tn ch mnh, tm khng phi l thin cn nh v tham v Nit bn. Nu bo tm trong nh l ng khi thin, do gia hnh thin cn dn pht ra, th l cng khng ng, v tri vi tn ch ca mnh. Ging nh cc thin tm trong cc a v khc, khng phi l ng khi thin. V thin tm khng gin on khi ln ba tnh thin, c, v k, ti sao thin tm li do trc ng khi ra? Cho nn tm nu l thin, l do sc Tm s tng ng. vy, tt cng v tham thin cn tng ng, lm sao ni ring thin tm th su trong Dit nh ny khng c Tm s? nh ny khng c Tm s th Tm vng th su cng phi khng. - C nh vy suy gn, bit cc chuyn thc nhn, nh ... khi a v Dit nh, n khng phi l th "Thc khng ri thn". Cho nn Kh kinh ni: "Thc khng ri thn" chnh l ch cho thc th tm ny, v khi nhp Dit nh, khng phi ct ngng ngh ci thc chp tr rt tch lng ny vy. - Ci thc trong V tng nh, V tng thin, c loi theo y m bit. 10. Li Kh kinh ni: "V tm tp nhim nn hu tnh tp nhim, v tm thanh tnh nn hu tnh thanh tnh". Nu khng c thc ny th tm tp nhim thanh tnh kia khng c. Ngha l php tp nhim thanh tnh ly tm lm gc, nhn tm m sinh, nng tm m tr, tm nhn s hun tp php nhim tnh, li duy tr chng t php nhim tnh kia. - Nhng php tp nhim lc c ba th: phin no, nghip qu, chng loi khc nhau. Nu khng c thc ny duy tr chng t phin no, khi hu tnh t thng gii, thng a sanh tr li h gii, h a, tc sau lc khng c tm nhim thng gii, li khi ln cc phin no nhim h gii, phin no ny khi ln nh th u khng c nhn, v cc php th khng th duy tr c chng t phin no h a kia, Cn tm php qu kh v v lai li khng phi tht c. Nu cc phin no khi tr li y khng nhn m vn khi, thi s khng c qu v Hc v V hc ca ba tha. V sao? V cc phin no dt ri, u khng nhn m li c th khi ln na.

Nu khng c thc th tm ny duy tr chng t ca nghip qu, th hu tnh sau khi qua li gii v a, y kia, vi nhiu loi tnh nhim, cc nghip v qu khi ln sau cng khng c nhn. Hoc chp do nhn chng t khc sanh ra qu khc, hoc chp sc tm lm nhn duyn sanh ra nhau, hoc chp php g khc duy tr chng t, th trc y ngn chn ri. Nu cc nghip v qu, khng nhn m vn sanh, vy th sau khi nhp V d y Nit bn, nghip v qu trong ba ci vn sanh tr li, v phin no cng c th khng nhn m vn sanh. Li "hnh lm nhn duyn sanh thc" (m khng c thc th tm), khng th thnh c, v cc chuyn thc nhn chu s hun tp, l vic trc y ngn chn. Cng khng phi "Kit sanh thc nhim" v n khng phi do "hnh" chiu cm, m ni "hnh" lm duyn cho "danh sc" cng khng c, v gia hnh v danh sc thi gian v phn v cch xa nhau, khng c ngha lm duyn c. y ni "hnh lm duyn sanh sc" khng thnh, th cc chi sau nh ni "hnh lm duyn lc nhp", "th lm duyn sanh lo t" cng khng thnh. - Cc php thanh tnh cng c ba th khc nhau l o chng th gian, o chng xut th gian v qu on dt. Nu khng c thc D thc ny duy tr o chng thanh tnh ca th gian v xut th gian, th sau khi tm khc loi (tm th gian khi ln tm xut th gian) khi ln php thanh tnh th, xut th u c th khng nhn m khi. Cn nu chp do nhn khc m khi, th trc ph ri. Nu hai o chng thanh tnh (l th v xut th) khng nhn m sanh, thi sau khi nhp V d Nit bn gii ri, hai o chng thanh tnh kia nn sanh tr li, v ch nng ca hai o thanh tnh l thn tr cng c th khng nhn m sanh li. Li tnh tm o xut th lc u khng th sanh v khng c ci g duy tr tnh tm o chng php nh vn c , v php hu lu th khc loi khng phi l nhn ca o chng v lu. Khng nhn m sanh l khng phi do chng t trong thc sanh, khng c chng t th xut th o lc u khng sanh, lc sau cng khng sanh. Th th c th khng c o v qu ba tha. Li nu khng c thc ny duy tr chng t phin no th qu chuyn y do on phin no m chng c th cng khng thnh. Ngha l khi Thnh o khi ln th phin no hin hnh v chng t ca n u khng c, v hai tm nhim v tnh khng th cng khi mt lc. Tm th su tng ng vi Thnh o, quyt khng duy tr chng t phin no, v t tnh phin no v Thnh o tri ngc nhau, nh tnh Nit bn vi php nhim. Php qu kh, v lai v c (Thnh o) cng cc php khc u khng phi tht c (nn khng duy tr chng t v thnh on qu). Nu ni cc php khc duy tr chng t phin no th l cng khng thnh.

 khng c phin no b on tr, th o on tr phin no cng khng, nng u do u lp on qu? Nu do o lc lm cho phin no lc sau khng sanh, lp on qu, thi lc mi c thnh o khi ln l c th thnh bc V hc, v cc phin no lc sau u khng c nhn, vnh vin khng sanh vy. Nu chp nhn c thc D thc ny, th mi s nhn qu nhim tnh u thnh, v ch c thc ny mi c kh nng duy tr cc chng t nhim tnh. Chng minh c thc th tm ny, l th nhiu v cng, ch s vn dng di, nn lc thut cng yu. Gio v l chng minh hin nhin ring c thc th tm ny, nhng ngi c tr nn sanh tm thm tn th tr. (22). Trong kinh thuc cc b phi Pht gio cng mt ni ring thc A li da, nh trong kinh A cp ma (A hm) ca i chng b, c ch mt ni thc ny gi l Cn bn thc, l ch nng ca nhn thc v.v... v nh ci cy l gc ca nhnh l, ch khng phi nhn thc v.v... c c ngha . - Trong kinh thuc phi Thng ta b v Phn bit lun gi, u c mt ni thc ny gi l Hu phn thc. Hu l tam hu (ba ci), phn l nhn. Ch c thc ny thng hng cng khp mi c th lm nhn ca Tam hu. - Ha a b ni thc ny l Cng sanh t un. La thc th tm khng th ring c php un no i n tn cng ngn m sanh t, khng bao gi gin on. Ngha l ci tri V sc b gin on, ci tri V tng th cc tm khc b dit mt, cn tm Bt tng ng hnh php th la sc v tm khng th t c. l iu c cng nhn. Cho nn bit ch c thc A li da ny mi gi l Cng sanh t un. - Trong kinh Tng Nht thuc phi Thuyt Nht thit Hu b cng mt ni: Thc ny gi l A li da nh ni i A li da, lc A li da, hn A li da, h A li da, ngha l lng tham ca Mt na i vi A li da (lya - rma, lya - rata, lya - sammudita) trong ba i tng c v bit khc nhau, nn lp ra bn tn y. Loi hu tnh chp n lm t ni ng tht, cho n khi cha chm dt ci chp , th lun lun sanh tm a m n. Cho nn A li da thc mi l ch tht ng a m, ch khng chu chp "nm th un", v khi sanh vo ch thun chu kh th khng a m thn nm th un , m thng xuyn chn ght thn nm th un , ngh rng ta lc no s x b c mng cn nm th un ny, chng ng phn ny, thn tm au kh ny, cho ta c t ti hng khoi lc. Nm dc cng chng phi l ch tht ng a m, ngha l ngi la dc, tuy h khng cn tham a nm dc, nhng h vn a ci ta ca mnh. Lc th cng khng phi l ch tht ng a m, ngha l ngi xa la tp nhim Tam Thin, tuy h chn lc th ca Tam Thin, nhng h vn a ci ta ca mnh.

Thn kin cng chng phi l ch tht ng a m, ngha l nhng ngi khng phi l bc v hc nhng tin l v ng, tuy h khng sanh lng a m thn kin, song i vi ci ta bn trong h vn a m. Cc chuyn thc cng chng phi cng chng phi l ch tht ng a m, ngha l nhng ngi khng phi v hc nhng cu dit Tm, tuy h chn ght cc chuyn thc, nhng h vn a ci ta ca mnh. Sc thn cng chng phi cng chng phi l ch tht ng a m, ngha l nhng ngi la sc nhim, tuy h chn ght sc thn, nhng h vn a ci ta ca mnh. Bt tng ng hnh php la Sc v Tm khng th t c cho nn cng chng phi l ch tht ng a m. K D sanh, hng Hu hc trong khi khi ng i, tuy i vi cc un khc hoc c i, khng i, nhng i vi thc th tm ny lun lun vn a chp lm ng. Cho nn ch c thc th tm ny l ch tht ng a m. Do trong kinh Tng Nht ni n tn A li da chnh hin th thc A li da ny vy. - Trn y dn Thnh gio lm chng c thc A li da. By gi s hin by chnh l lm chng. 1. Kh kinh ni: Ch tp hp v pht khi chng t cc php nhim, thanh tnh gi l tm. Nu khng thc ny th ci Tm gi gn chng t kia khng c c. Cc chuyn thc khi Dit tn nh v.v... b gin on. Cc cn, cc cnh, tc , thin tm v.v... chng loi khc nhau, d sanh, d mt nh in chp, khng chc chn, khng th hun tp, khng th gi gn chng t, nn chng phi l ci tm tp hp v pht khi cc chng t nhim tnh. Ch c thc th tm ny, mt loi trc sau tng tc khng gin on, c tnh kin tr v c th chu hun tp nh m, l tng ng vi ngha ch Tm ca kinh ni. Nu khng chp nhn c Tm gi gn chng t th khng nhng tri kinh m cng tri vi chnh l. V cc php nhim tnh c khi ln khng do c hun tp. Khng hun tp thnh chng t, th s khi ln ch l ung cng. Khi php nhim tnh khi ln khng nhn ni chng t, thi ng nh ngoi o chp t nhin sanh. - Sc v php Bt tng ng hnh khng phi l Tm, v nh ting vang, nh nh sng, khng phi l ch ca php nhim tnh bn trong hun tp, th n u c th gi gn chng t. Li nhng php Sc v Bt tng ng ny la thc khng th t c, th lm sao chp n lm ch nng cho chng t bn trong? Cc Tm s php tng ng vi chuyn thc, n nh chuyn thc c gin on, d khi d mt, khng t ti, khng phi Tm, nn khng th gi gn chng t, cng khng chu s hun tp. Cho nn ng l phi c ci Tm gi gn chng t ring.

- C thuyt cho rng su thc t v th, nng ni cn v cnh c phn v trc sau, thc th ty ba tnh chuyn bin, song ng mt loi, nn c th chu s hun tp v gi gn chng t. Do thnh nhn qu nhim tnh, ch cn g phi chp c thc th tm? - Li ni v ngha. V sao? V nu chp thc loi c tht th ng vi ngoi o Thng lun. Nu chp thc loi l gi th khng c tc dng mnh m, nn khng th gi gn chng t tht ca ni php. Li chp thc loi , n nhip thuc tnh g? Nu l tnh thin, c, thi khng th chu s hun tp, v n thuc hu k, ging nh Trch dit v vi. Nu n l v k, th khi tm thin hoc c ni ln, l khng c tm v k, thc loi y tt phi on, khng th ni s th ca thc c thin, c c m loi ch l v k, v loi khc nhau th cng ng nh tnh th thc khc nhau. Loi a v v tm, thc loi ny quyt khng c. c gin on, tnh khng kin tr, th lm sao chp n c th gi gn chng t v chu s hun tp. Li A la hn hoc tm loi D sanh, su thc loi ng l v k, th thi c th A la hn hun tp cc php nhim, loi D sanh li hun tp php v lu. Chp nhn th th c li. Li cc cn nhn, nh v.v... hoc cc php khc cng vi nhn thc, m loi ca cn,loi ca php v loi ca thc ng l v k, th n nn hun tp ln nhau. Nhng cc ng khng chp nhn nh th. Th nn, khng nn chp thc loi chu s hun tp. Li su thc, hoc t th hoc chng loi ca n trc sau hai nim khng cng khi mt ln, nh cch nhiu nim trc sau th khng th hun tp nhau, v nng hun v s hun phi ng thi. i vi ngi chp "su thc cng lc sanh khi c th hun nhau", (nm thc trc cng lc hun thc th su) th do th ni trn m bit thc th su khng phi s hun, nn n cng khng th gi gn chng t. - C ngi chp Sc, Tm, t loi khng gin on, nim trc lm chng t cho nim sau, l nhn qu c thnh. Cho nn li ni trc y (ni tp khi gi l Tm ch thc A li da) lm chng khng thnh. - Li chp kia phi l, v khng c s hun tp. Ngha l t loi nim trc sau kia khng c s hun tp, th lm sao chp nim trc lm chng t cho nim sau? Li na, t loi c gin on th khng th sanh tr li, v hng Nh tha v hc khng c thn ng un i sau, v ngi kia ly sc tm khi cht lm chng t cho thn sau. Cng khng nn chp Sc, v Tm ln lt lm chng t sanh ra nhau, v chuyn thc v sc u khng chu s hun tp, nh trc ni ri.

- C thuyt cho rng cc php ba i u c nhn chiu cm qu, qu th p nhn, ch nhc g phi chp c thc th tm gi gn chng t. Nhng Kh kinh s d ni tm l chng t, v tm c cng dng th mnh khi ln php nhim tnh. - Li ni cc php ba i phi l. V qa kh v v lai chng phi thng, chng phi hin c, ging nh hoa m gia khng, khng phi tht c. Li ni khng c tc dng, khng th chp n lm nhn duyn c. Nu khng c thc th tm gi gn chng t nhim tnh, th l nhn qu khng thnh. - C ngi chp l "khng, v tng" ca i tha l rt ro, ch nng theo t t lng m bc sch ht, chng nhng khng c thc ny cng khng c ht thy php. Nhng ngi ny ch lm tri hi li kinh dn trc, i vi vic tri Kh, on Tp, chng Dit, tu o, nhn qu nhim tnh, h u chp cho l khng tht, thi thnh i t kin. Ngoi o hy bng nhn qu nhim tnh, cng khng bo l hon ton khng c, m ch chp cho l khng phi tht. Nu ht thy u khng tht c, thi cc B tt khng nn v x b sanh t khng tht c m tinh cn tu tp t lng B khng tht c. Ai l ngi c tr li i tm a con ca ngi con gi , lp i qun nh ch mng huyn? Cho nn, nn tin c c tm gi gn chng t, m da vo kin lp nhn qu nhim tnh. V tm kia tc l thc th tm ny vy. 2. Li Kh kinh ni: C tm D thc do nghip thin c chiu cm. Nu khng c thc th tm ny th tm D thc kia khng th c. V nhn thc v.v... c gin on khng phi lc no cng l nghip qu (khi n v k l nghip qu, khi n khi thin, c, th khng phi nghip qu), v nh in chp, nn chng phi l tm D thc, tm D thc khng th dt ri li ni, v mng cn (D thc) khng c vic y. Su thc nhn, nh, v.v... do nghip chiu cm, v nh m thanh khng phi hng s tip ni, n l D thc sanh ch khng phi chn D thc. Quyt nh phi chp nhn c tm chn D thc th p li dn nghip, bin khp khng gin on, bin hin cn, thn, kh gii lm ch nng cho hu tnh, v cn thn kh gii la tm D thc khng th c c. Bt tng ng hnh php th khng c tht th; cc chuyn thc th khng phi hng c. Nu khng tm D thc ny th ci g bin ra cn thn kh gii; li nng n php g m lun c loi hu tnh. Li khi trong nh khng t l g ht, hoc khi khng trong nh th c t l chuyn khc, vn thng khi ln nhiu s cm th ni thn. Nu khng c tm D thc chp gi cm th th khng th lc sau thn c s vui thch hoc lao tn. Nu khng hng c tm D thc th lm sao khi ra nh li c s cm th ni thn ny? i v nhng loi hu tnh khng phi l Pht, khi ln cc tm thin khc, chc phi tm chn D thc ng thi hin khi. Hi: Sao ring Pht khng c tm D thc?

p: - Nh chp nhn khi khi ln tm chn D thc kia, th l cc loi hu tnh ch chng phi Pht. Do cc hu tnh thng c tm chn D thc v tm y chnh l thc th tm ny. 3.Li Kh kinh ni: Loi hu tnh lu chuyn trong nm th bn loi sanh. Nu khng c thc ny th ci th ca nm th bn loi sanh (gii th sanh th) kia khng th c c. Ngha l phi c bn ngha l tht c, hng thng, bin khp, khng ln xn mi c th lp chnh ci php lm th ca nm th, bn loi sanh. Nu php khng phi D thc, th th th sanh s ri lon, tr y m khi ln php ni th sanh khc. Cc sc D thc v mt phn do nghip cm trong nm thc, n khng bin khp th sanh, v trong ci v sc, hon ton khng c sc v khng c nm thc hin hnh. Cc iu thin sanh ra c (bo c) v nhng iu do nghip cm trong thc tuy khp th sanh, khi ln khng ri lon, nhng khng hng c. Bt tng ng hnh php khng c tht th. Tt c php ni trn u khng th lp lm tht th chnh thc ca ng th, t sanh. Ch c D thc tm v tm s ca n tht c, hng thng, bin khp, khng tp, mi chnh thc chn tht lm tht th ca th sanh. Nu khng c tm D thc ny th khi sanh ci V sc (khng c sc v nm thc, ch c thc) v tr khi ln thin tm, tt khng phi th th sanh. Gi s chp nhn l th th sanh thu nhip cc php hu lu, th cc v A na hm khi sanh vo ci V sc, khi ln tm v lu, th khng phi th th sanh. Ni vy l tri l. trnh khi li trc v li ny, nn bit ch c php D thc mi chnh thc chn tht l th ca th sanh. Do vy m c Nh Lai khng nhip vo th th sanh, v Pht khng cn c php D thc v k, v Pht cng khng nhip thuc vo ci no, v Pht khng cn c ba lu, v v Th Tn x b Kh, Tp . Cc chng t h lun ni Ngi d vnh vin dt sch. Th ca th sanh ch thc l ch c tm D thc v tm s ca n, nhng tm v tm s ca n ny la ngoi thc th tm l khng th c c. Th nn bit ring c thc th tm ny. 4. Li Kh kinh ni: "Thn c sc cn l ci c chp v th, nu khng c thc th tm ny th ci kh nng chp th thn c sc kia khng c". Ngha l nm sc cn v ch nng ca n ch trong i hin ti l c chp th, tt n phi do tm c kh nng chp th n, m tm y ch l tm D thc do nghip trc dn n, ch khng phi php thin v nhim, hay mt li v k no c kh nng bin khp tip ni chp th thn c sc cn. Cc chuyn thc nhn, nh v.v... cng khng c c kh nng nh vy. Li ni "Ch c tm D thc chp th cn thn" ny mun ch r cc chuyn thc nhn, nh v.v... du khng c tnh cch nht loi c kh nng bin khp tip ni chp th

thn c sc cn bn trong ca mnh, ch khng phi ni nng chp th ch l tm D thc, (v v cu thc cng chp th) ng cho rng sc thn v lu ca c Pht khng c chp th (sc thn ca Pht c v cu thc chp th). Nhng y ni chp th sc thn hu lu th ch l tm D thc. Cc chuyn thc th theo duyn hin ti khi ln, nh ting, nh gi. Cn tm thin, tm nhim khng phi do nghip dn n v nh Phi trch dit. D thc sanh khng phi l chn D thc, khng phi l ch nng cho khp cc php, khng tip ni, v nh in chp khng c kh nng chp th sc thn hu lu. - Ni cc Tm thc l gm lun Tm s trong , v n quyt nh tng ng nhau, v nh ni ch "Duy thc" (gm lun c Tm s). Khng phi cc "Sc cn" v "Bt tng ng hnh" c kh nng chp th thn c sc cn, v khng c s duyn, v nh h khng. Cho nn cn c c tm chp th ring, v tm y chnh l thc th tm ny. 5. Li Kh kinh ni: Ba php Th, Non, Thc, nng ta duy tr ln nhau m c tn ti lin tip. Nu khng c thc ny th ci thc c kh nng gi gn Th v Non kia c tr lu, khng th c c". Ngha l cc chuyn thc c gin on, c bin chuyn nh gi v ting, khng c tc dng thng xuyn gi gn, khng th lp "chuyn thc" lm ci thc gi gn Th, Non. Ch c thc D thc khng gin on, khng bin chuyn nh Th v Non, mi c tc dng thng xuyn gi gn, nn c th lp thc D thc ny lm ci thc gi gn Th v Non. Kinh ni ba th y nng ta gn gi ln nhau, nu ch Th v Non l nht loi tip ni, cn thc th khng, l khng hp chnh l. Hi: - Tuy ni ba php Th, Non, Thc nng ta gi gn ln nhau, nhng ch chp nhn Non l khng bin khp ba ci (ci V sc khng c Non). Sao khng chp nhn ring "Thc" c gin on, chuyn bin? p: - iu ny i vi l l trc kia chng phi l iu sai lm ng ct nn. Ngha l nu ch c ba php khng gin on chuyn bin l c th thng xuyn gi gn ln nhau. Nu khng nh vy, th khng c tc dng thng xuyn gi gn nhau. Trc y dng l ny ch r ci thc c ni trong ba php Th, Non, Thc , khng phi l chuyn thc. Nn nu cho Non khng bin khp ba ci, th u c ph hoi l l trc kia? Cho nn nh trc ni, l ngha l rt ro c thnh. Li trong ba php, Th v Non ch l hu lu, cho nn bit Thc gi gn Th, Non kia cng l hu lu. Khi sanh ci V sc, khi ln tm v lu, by gi khng c tm D thc th thc no duy tr th mng ci V sc kia? Do nn bit c thc D thc nht loi hng thng v bin khp, duy tr Th, Non v Thc l thc th tm vy.

6. Li Kh kinh ni: "Cc loi hu tnh, trong khi th sanh v khi mng chung, chc chn trong hu tm tn lon, ch khng trong nh v tm. Nu khng c thc D thc ny thi ci tm trong khi sanh v khi cht khng th c". Ngha l khi sanh v khi cht, thn tm hn mui, nh ng m khng chim bao, m man, khi cc chuyn thc minh mn chc chn khng hin khi. Li trong v tr sanh v cht , hnh tng v s duyn ca su chuyn thc u khng th bit, ging nh v tr v tm, chuyn thc chc chn khng hin hnh. Hnh tng v s duyn ca su chuyn thc nu c hin hnh th chc s c bit r nh nhng lc khc, khng phi nh lc mi sanh hay lc sp cht. Hnh tng v s duyn ca chn D thc thc qu vi t khng th r c. N l qu bo do nghip dn, tip ni trong mt thi gian, hng khng chuyn bin. Chnh ci hu tm tn lon , gi l tm khi sanh t. Khng tri vi chnh l. - C thuyt cho rng: "Ng thc v tr th sanh quyt khng c, th thc th cnh hoc nhn ng thc, hoc nhn tha gio v nhn nh lc m khi ln, cc nhn khi th sanh khng c c, nn v tr th sanh, thc cng khng c (thuyt ny ch nm thc lm nhn sanh thc, nn ni nh vy)". - Nu vy, hu tnh sanh ci V sc, sau l ra thc vnh vin khng sanh ra c (v V sc khng c nm thc); v nh tm chc phi do t thc tn lon dt dn, m ng thc v tha gio ci V sc khng c, th tm tn lon dn khi ln nh tm khng do u c c. Nu bo nh kia do sc tp qun t trc; sau bng nhin hin ra. Nu vy, sao trong khi mi sanh ci kia khng hin khi? Li ci Dc, ci Sc khi mi th sanh, thc tp qun cng nn hin khi. Nu do v hn mui nn lc ban s cha hin tin c, th y chnh l nguyn nhn v hn mui khng hin khi, phi do chng t trong bn thc mi hin khi. c cng nhn trc kia, cn g li phi nhc cng ni do ba nhn khc (l nhn nm thc, nhn tha gio, nhn nh lc). - C cc b phi khc chp: " v tr khi sanh v khi cht, c mt loi thc vi t, m hnh tng v s duyn ca n u khng th bit r". nn bit loi thc vi t y chnh l thc th tm y; v cng nhn thc th hin khng phi l mt loi vi t kh bit nh vy. Li khi sp cht, do nghip thin c m c cm xc lnh ln lt khi ln trn di ni thn. Nu khng thc D thc ny, th vic khng thnh c. V chuyn thc th khng th chp th thn c. Cn nm thc nhn, nh v.v... u c ch nng ring nn hoc khng hin hnh. Cn lc thc by gi khng tr ni thn, v lc thc duyn cnh khng nht nh, li khi sp g trong thn hng thi tng tc, th cm xc lnh khng th do lc thc tm pht ra c. Vy nn bit ch c tm D thc do nghip lc i trc, hng thi bin khp tng tc chp th thn phn, nn khi sp cht tm D thc x b ch chp th no ni thn, th cm xc lnh sanh ra . V Th, Non v Thc khng la nhau, h ch no c cm xc lnh khi ln th ch l phi hu

tnh, ch thn cht phi tnh ny tuy cng do D thc tm bin ra v duyn, nhng khng chp Th. Cho nn quyt nh c thc th tm ny. 7. Li Kh kinh ni: "Thc duyn danh sc, danh sc duyn thc", hai php ln lt nng nhau, v nh b cu lau, cng lc ng vng. Nu khng c thc th tm ny th t th ca "thc" trong thc duyn danh sc khng c c. V trong kinh kia t gii thch rng, danh l bn un khng phi sc, sc l ci hnh trng trong bo thai nh Kit la lam v.v... Hai th ny cng vi thc nng nhau m tr, nh hai b cu lau thng cng duyn nhau trong mt lc m tr, khng h la nhau. Cc chuyn thc nhn, nh v.v... nhip vo trong danh. Nu thc th tm khng c, th ni ci g l thc duyn danh sc y? Cng khng th ni thc un thuc v danh trong danh sc ch l cho nm thc thn, cn thc trong cu "Thc duyn danh sc" l ch cho thc th su, v khi giai on hnh trng Kit la lam cha c nm thc. Li cc chuyn thc c gin on chuyn bin, khng c sc hng thi chp tr danh sc, lm sao ni n thng cng danh sc duyn nhau. Vy nn bit "Thc duyn danh sc" l r rng ch cho thc th tm. (Ht quyn ba ca bn Hn) 8. Li Kh kinh ni: "Tt c hu tnh u nung n m tn ti. Nu khng c thc ny th ci th ca thc thc (sng bng cc n ca thc) kia khng th c". Ngha l Kh kinh ni: n c bn cch: 1. on thc Lm bin hoi n l tng trng ca cch n ny. Ngha l ci Dc, nhng vt c hng, c v, c xc, trong khi n bin hoi th ly lm n. Do d Sc khng thuc v on thc, vi khi bin hoi mu sc khng c tc dng gi nui thn. 2. Xc thc- Tc xc chm cnh l tng trng ca n. Ngha l khi Xc tm s hu lu ca hu tnh xc chm cnh m c s cm th h lc, th c th ly lm n. Xc tm s tuy tng ng vi tt c cc thc, song Xc tm s ni su thc trc, c ngha "n" mnh hn, cnh xc chm y th ph r rt, nhip nhn h, lc, v x th, thun , ch thn, m c s t dng mnh hn. 3. t thc - Tc hy vng l tng trng ca n. Ngha l T tm s hu lu cng sinh khi vi Dc tm s, hy vng cnh ng a, c th ly lm n. T tm s ny tuy tng ng vi tt c cc thc, nhng "T" tng ng vi thc c ngha n mnh hn, v thc i vi cnh c s hy vng mnh. 4. Thc thc - Tc s chp tr l tng trng ca n. Ngha l thc hu lu, do th lc ca on, Xc, T thc tng trng m c th thnh ngha n. "Thc" ni y tuy chung c t th cc thc, nhng thc th tm c ngha n mnh hn, v thc th tm l mt loi tng tc chp tr mng cn mnh hn.

Do Tp Lun bn cch n ny nhip vo ba un (sc, hnh, thc un), nm x (hng, v, xc, php v x), mi mt gii (hng, v, xc, php, v su thc gii). Bn sch n ny c kh nng duy tr thn mng hu tnh, khng b h mt, nn gi l n. on thc ch c tc dng ci Dc, Xc v t thc tuy c c ba ci, nhng nng ni su thc m chuyn, nn ty theo thc m hoc c hoc khng. Cc chuyn thc nhn, nh v.v... c gin on, c bin chuyn, khng phi cng khp hng thi duy tr thn mng. Ngha l khi nh v tm (V tng nh, Dit tn nh), khi ng m, khi cht ngt, khi ci tri V tng, cc chuyn thc b gin on. Gi s a v hu tm, ty cn s y, cnh s duyn m chuyn dch theo ba tnh, ba ci, chn a, nn i vi vic duy tr thn mng, cc chuyn thc khng bin khp, khng hng thi lm sao duy tr c. Nhng ngi chp khng c thc th tm, vy nng vo u c Thc thc? V do u m kinh ni: "Tt c hu tnh u nng ni n m tn ti?" Cng khng th bo a v v tm, tuy khng c thc hin hnh nhng dng thc qu kh, v lai khng hin ti, khng thng hng, nh hoa m gia khng, khng c tht th tht dng, hay d cho c tht th tht dng m khng phi hin ti, th n nh h khng, khng thnh n c. Cng khng th ni tm nhp nh l mn n ca hu tnh a v v tm, v khi v tm th tm gia hnh nhp nh khng cn na. N thuc v qu kh, khng phi l n, vic y thnh tu rt ro ri. Li khng th ni: "Php Bt tng ng hnh" V tng nh l mn n cho hu tnh nhp V tng nh; v php Bt tng ng hnh khng nhip thuc bn cch n, v la sc tm, n khng tht c. C ngi chp Dit tn nh cn thc th su, n i vi hu tnh Dit tn nh c th l mn n. Li chp cng phi l, n on sau s ph rng. Li kia th ni hu tnh sanh vo hai ci Sc v V sc, khi khi tm v lu th ly g lm n? V thc v lu l ph hoi cc hu (ci), nn thc v lu khng th l mn n i vi thn mng hu tnh hai ci . Cng khng th chp trong thc v lu c chng t hu lu, c th lm thc n cho hu tnh kia, vi thc v lu ging nh Nit bn khng th chp tr chng t hu lu. Li khng th ni, thn v mng ca hu tnh thng gii duy tr ln nhau tc l lm mn n cho nhau, v trong bn cch n khng nhip thuc vo mng thn kia (trong bn cch n, khng c thn mng thc). Li ci V sc khng thn, th mng khng th duy tr, v l chng ng phn gia cc hu tnh khng c tht th. Do bit chc khc vi chuyn thc, c thc D thc mt loi thng hng v bin khp, chp tr thn mng khng cho hoi mt. Nng theo l , c Th Tn ni: "Tt c hu tnh u nng ni n m tn ti". V ch nng ni nm th un m kin

lp hu tnh. Pht khng c ng un hu lu, nn khng nhip vo hu tnh. Ni "Hu tnh nng n m tn ti" nn bit l ni theo cch th hin quyn xo (tc ni ngha bng). bit D thc thc l c tnh cch n hn c, m thc chnh l thc th tm ny vy. 9. Li Kh kinh ni: - Ngi Dit tn nh, thn, ng v tm hnh ca h u dit mt (thn hnh ch hi th ra vo, ng hnh ch tm t, hnh ch th, tng), nhng mng sng (th) khng dit, v cng khng b hi nng, nn cc cn khng bin hoi, "thc khng la thn"; "Nu khng c thc D thc ny th ngi Dit tn nh khng th c "thc khng la thn". Ngha l v thy nhn thc v.v... hnh tng th ng i vi cnh s duyn, khi khi nhn thc v.v... thng b lao l, nn chn ght n, tm thi cu s ngng ngh, dn dn dp tr nhn thc v.v... khng khi ln cho n khi ht sch, chnh nng v tr m tr trong Dit tn nh. Cho nn trong Dit tn nh, cc chuyn thc u dit, nu khng chp nhn c th thc vi t trc sau mt loi thng hng bin khp chp tr Th, Non, th nng vo u kinh ni: "Thc khng la thn?" Nu bo lc sau khi ra khi Dit tn nh, chuyn thc kia khi tr li nh st rt cch ngy, nn gi l thc khng la thn; nu th thi khng nn ni: "Tm hnh dit"; v su thc v th tng khi dit ng nhau. Li Th, Non v cc cn nu cng nhu su thc th c li ln, Cho nn, nn chp nhn c thc th tm cng nh Th v Non, tht khng la thn. Li trong a v Dit tn nh, nu hon ton khng c thc th nh ngi gch, chng phi loi hu tnh, u c ni l ngi Dit tn nh. Li nu a v Dit tn nh khng c D thc thc th ci g chp tr cc cn v Th, Non? Nu khng chp tr th phi hoi dit ht, ging nh thy cht, bn khng c Th, Non. vy, chc v sau thc khng sanh tr li m vn ni: "Thc khng la thn" th ci thc thuc v thc g? V cc D thc thc b thn ny ri, la thn ny g vo thn khc, th khng phi l sanh tr li. Li nu a v Dit tn nh ny khng c thc duy tr chng t, khng c chng t th v sau thc lm sao sanh li c. Php qu kh, v lai v Bt tng ng hnh, chng c tht th, iu ny c thnh lp ri. Cn cc sc php, la thc th u khng c. Ngoi thc th tm m c vic th hun v tr chng th cng ngn trc kia ri. Nhng a v v tm nh Dit tn nh cng ging nh trong a v hu tm, chc phi c thc ny, v c cc cn v Th, Non, tc l nhip thuc hu tnh (khng k v tm hay hu tm). Do l , a v Dit tn nh, quyt phi c thc tht khng la thn.

- Nu bo a v Dit tn nh c thc th su gi l: "Thc khng la thn" th cng khng ng l, v nh ny cng gi l nh v tm (khng c thc th su). Nu chp khng c nm thc gi l v tm, th c th tt c nh u gi l v tm nh, v tt c nh u khng c nm thc thn. thc nhip vo trong su chuyn thc, ging nh nm thc, Dit tn nh n khng c. Hoc ni thc trong a v Dit tn nh, hnh tng v s duyn ca n u khng th bit, nh Th v Non, th khng phi l lc thc. Nu a v Dit tn nh c ci thc m hnh tng v s duyn ca n u c th bit, th li ging nh cc a v khc, ch khng nhip vo a v Dit tn nh ny. Vn v mun ngng ngh ci thc c hnh tng v s duyn c th bit r, mi nhp nh dit ny. Li nu a v Dit tn nh c thc th su, th th Tm s php ca thc ny c hay khng? Nu c tm s th kinh khng nn ni: "Tr nh ny, tam hnh u dit". Li khng nn gi l nh dit th tng. Chp: - Khi tu gia hnh v nh ny l ch ct nhm chn th v tng, cho nn trong nh ny ch dit th v tng. Th v tng gip tm rt mnh, nn trong cc Tm s, ring n c gi l tm hnh, nh vy ni tm hnh dit (l ch dit th tng ch khng dit Tm Tm s) c g tri u? Lun ch - Trong V tng nh, ch nn mt mnh tng dit, v ch nhm chn tng, nhng ng khng chp nhn (ch tng dit) v nh va ni ch c th v tng gip tm rt mnh, vy khi hai th y dit, tm cng phi dit? Chp: - Khng, tm (thc th su) khng dit, cng nh thn hnh (hi th ra vo) dit m thn vn tn ti, ti sao c phi trch tm ng dit vi hnh (th, tng)? Lun ch: - Nu vy, khi ng hnh tm t dit, ngn ng khng nn dit. Nhng iu ny khng c chp nhn. Nhng (hnh) i vi php c th bin khp, c th khng bin khp. Khi th hnh bin khp dit, th php quyt phi dit theo,nhng khi th hnh khng bin khp dit, th php hoc dit hoc khng. Th hnh khng bin khp l ch cho hi th ra vo (thn hnh); v thy khi hi th dt m thn vn cn. Tm tm t i vi ng, thuc loi hnh bin khp, nn khi tm t dit th ng phi dit. Th v tng i vi tm cng l loi hnh bin khp cng nh T tm s, thuc loi i a php (mi i a php l nm Bin hnh, nm Bit cnh, nm th ny bin

khp ht thy tm), nn khi th v tng dit, tm nht nh dit theo. Ch lm sao c th ni th, tng dit m tm ( thc) khng dit? Li (Hu b) cho rng: "T l thuc i i php", vy th khi th, tng dit, t kia cng nn dit? Nu t dit, th a v Dit tn nh ny, tn cng khng c. V khng th bo Tm s bin hnh dit m cc Tm s khc nh tn v.v... c th khng dit, lm sao ni cn c cc Tm s khc tr th v tng? Nu chp nhn th v tng cng nh t thuc i a php, th a v ny t c th th, tng cng nn c. Li trong Dit nh ny, nu c t th cng nn c xc, v cc Tm s khc u nng nng lc ca xc m pht sanh. Nu chp nhn c xc th cng nn c th, v xc lm duyn cho th. chp nhn c th, th tng cng nn c, v th v tng khng ri nhau. Chp: - Nh "th" lm duyn sanh "i", khng c ngha tt c th u c th lm duyn sanh i, cho nn xc lm duyn sanh th, khng c ngha tt c xc u lm duyn sanh th. Do , vn nn nu trn khng ng l. Lun ch: - ng cu cha nh vy khng ng, v c s sai khc. Ngha l c Pht t gin bit ni ch c cc th do "v minh xc" lm duyn sanh ra, th mi lm duyn sanh i, ch cha bao gi Pht gin bit ni (chung chung) xc sanh th, cho nn nu h c xc tt l c th. Th vi tng i i, l chc chn. Hoc nn nh cc a v tn tm khc, th tng u khng dit. Chp trong a v Dit nh c Tm t s. Nu tha nhn th th tri vi li ni "Tm hnh dit"; v v cng khng thnh c nh dit th tng. Nu khng Tm s, th su thc Tm vng cng khng, khng bao gi thy c tm no la Tm s; v cc Tm s Bin hnh m dit th Tm vng dit theo. Nu bo c Tm vng m khng c Tm s th th tng khng phi l i a php, li thc ny khng th l php c Tm s tng ng. Nu tha nhn nh th th khng th c cn s y v cnh s duyn, n ging nh sc php v.v... cng khng th gi l tm. Li Kh kinh ni: " v php lm duyn sanh ra thc, ba th ha hp sanh ra xc, ni xc cng khi ln c th, tng, t". Nu trong nh dit tn c thc v l c ba s ha hp, phi l c xc, v xc chc chn cng khi vi th, tng v t. Vy ti sao c thc m li khng c Tm s? Nu bo trong nhng lc khc, ba s ha hp c nng lc mi thnh xc i, sanh xc Tm s, v xc y mi khi sanh th. Do nh ny, trc khi vo nh, v chn ght Tm s, nn khi trong nh, ba s khng c kh nng, khng thnh xc i, nn khng sanh xc, cng khng c th. Nu vy, nn gi l nh dit Tm s ch ti sao ch ni dit th tng?

Nu bo trong khi nhm chn th tng, nn khi hai th dit, tm s khc cng dit lun, y ht s nhm chn trc , gi tn l nh dit tn. Nu vy, trong dit nh tm th su cng nn dit, v Tm s th tng b nhm chn cng sanh vi cc Tm s khc. Khng vy th lm sao gi l nh v tm (Dit tn nh cng gi l nh v tm). li a v Dit tn nh ny, thc thuc tnh g? Khng th l nhim hay v k tnh; v trong cc thin nh, khng c vic ; v nhng Tm vng nhim v v k, th tc l c Tm s, khng nn chn thin m tr li khi ln nhim; v khng phi cu tch tnh m li khi ln tn ng. Nu bo thc trong Dit tn nh ny l thin, th c th l tng ng thin, nn tng ng vi v tham thin cn v.v... Tm th su trong nh khng th l t tnh thin, hoc thng ngha thin, v tri vi tn ch mnh, tm khng phi l thin cn nh v tham v Nit bn. Nu bo tm trong nh l ng khi thin, do gia hnh thin cn dn pht ra, th l cng khng ng, v tri vi tn ch ca mnh. Ging nh cc thin tm trong cc a v khc, khng phi l ng khi thin. V thin tm khng gin on khi ln ba tnh thin, c, v k, ti sao thin tm li do trc ng khi ra? Cho nn tm nu l thin, l do sc Tm s tng ng. vy, tt cng v tham thin cn tng ng, lm sao ni ring thin tm th su trong Dit nh ny khng c Tm s? nh ny khng c Tm s th Tm vng th su cng phi khng. - C nh vy suy gn, bit cc chuyn thc nhn, nh ... khi a v Dit nh, n khng phi l th "Thc khng ri thn". Cho nn Kh kinh ni: "Thc khng ri thn" chnh l ch cho thc th tm ny, v khi nhp Dit nh, khng phi ct ngng ngh ci thc chp tr rt tch lng ny vy. - Ci thc trong V tng nh, V tng thin, c loi theo y m bit. 10. Li Kh kinh ni: "V tm tp nhim nn hu tnh tp nhim, v tm thanh tnh nn hu tnh thanh tnh". Nu khng c thc ny th tm tp nhim thanh tnh kia khng c. Ngha l php tp nhim thanh tnh ly tm lm gc, nhn tm m sinh, nng tm m tr, tm nhn s hun tp php nhim tnh, li duy tr chng t php nhim tnh kia. - Nhng php tp nhim lc c ba th: phin no, nghip qu, chng loi khc nhau. Nu khng c thc ny duy tr chng t phin no, khi hu tnh t thng gii, thng a sanh tr li h gii, h a, tc sau lc khng c tm nhim thng gii, li khi ln cc phin no nhim h gii, phin no ny khi ln nh th u khng c nhn, v cc php th khng th duy tr c chng t phin no h a kia, Cn tm php qu kh v v lai li khng phi tht c. Nu cc phin no khi tr li y khng nhn m vn khi, thi s khng c qu v Hc v V hc ca ba tha. V sao? V cc phin no dt ri, u khng nhn m li c th khi ln na.

Nu khng c thc th tm ny duy tr chng t ca nghip qu, th hu tnh sau khi qua li gii v a, y kia, vi nhiu loi tnh nhim, cc nghip v qu khi ln sau cng khng c nhn. Hoc chp do nhn chng t khc sanh ra qu khc, hoc chp sc tm lm nhn duyn sanh ra nhau, hoc chp php g khc duy tr chng t, th trc y ngn chn ri. Nu cc nghip v qu, khng nhn m vn sanh, vy th sau khi nhp V d y Nit bn, nghip v qu trong ba ci vn sanh tr li, v phin no cng c th khng nhn m vn sanh. Li "hnh lm nhn duyn sanh thc" (m khng c thc th tm), khng th thnh c, v cc chuyn thc nhn chu s hun tp, l vic trc y ngn chn. Cng khng phi "Kit sanh thc nhim" v n khng phi do "hnh" chiu cm, m ni "hnh" lm duyn cho "danh sc" cng khng c, v gia hnh v danh sc thi gian v phn v cch xa nhau, khng c ngha lm duyn c. y ni "hnh lm duyn sanh sc" khng thnh, th cc chi sau nh ni "hnh lm duyn lc nhp", "th lm duyn sanh lo t" cng khng thnh. - Cc php thanh tnh cng c ba th khc nhau l o chng th gian, o chng xut th gian v qu on dt. Nu khng c thc D thc ny duy tr o chng thanh tnh ca th gian v xut th gian, th sau khi tm khc loi (tm th gian khi ln tm xut th gian) khi ln php thanh tnh th, xut th u c th khng nhn m khi. Cn nu chp do nhn khc m khi, th trc ph ri. Nu hai o chng thanh tnh (l th v xut th) khng nhn m sanh, thi sau khi nhp V d Nit bn gii ri, hai o chng thanh tnh kia nn sanh tr li, v ch nng ca hai o thanh tnh l thn tr cng c th khng nhn m sanh li. Li tnh tm o xut th lc u khng th sanh v khng c ci g duy tr tnh tm o chng php nh vn c , v php hu lu th khc loi khng phi l nhn ca o chng v lu. Khng nhn m sanh l khng phi do chng t trong thc sanh, khng c chng t th xut th o lc u khng sanh, lc sau cng khng sanh. Th th c th khng c o v qu ba tha. Li nu khng c thc ny duy tr chng t phin no th qu chuyn y do on phin no m chng c th cng khng thnh. Ngha l khi Thnh o khi ln th phin no hin hnh v chng t ca n u khng c, v hai tm nhim v tnh khng th cng khi mt lc. Tm th su tng ng vi Thnh o, quyt khng duy tr chng t phin no, v t tnh phin no v Thnh o tri ngc nhau, nh tnh Nit bn vi php nhim. Php qu kh, v lai v c (Thnh o) cng cc php khc u khng phi tht c (nn khng duy tr chng t v thnh on qu). Nu ni cc php khc duy tr chng t phin no th l cng khng thnh.

 khng c phin no b on tr, th o on tr phin no cng khng, nng u do u lp on qu? Nu do o lc lm cho phin no lc sau khng sanh, lp on qu, thi lc mi c thnh o khi ln l c th thnh bc V hc, v cc phin no lc sau u khng c nhn, vnh vin khng sanh vy. Nu chp nhn c thc D thc ny, th mi s nhn qu nhim tnh u thnh, v ch c thc ny mi c kh nng duy tr cc chng t nhim tnh. Chng minh c thc th tm ny, l th nhiu v cng, ch s vn dng di, nn lc thut cng yu. Gio v l chng minh hin nhin ring c thc th tm ny, nhng ngi c tr nn sanh tm thm tn th tr. (22).

---o0o--X. THC BIN HIN TH HAI

- Trn ni tng nng bin th nht, cn tng nng bin th hai th no? Tng rng: Thc nng bin th hai, Gi l thc Mt na, Nng kia chuyn, duyn kia, T lng lm tnh tng. Tng ng bn phin no, L ng si, ng kin, V ng mn, ng i V tm s xc thy. Tnh hu ph v k Sanh theo A li da, Chng La hn, Dit nh. Xut th o, khng cn.

Lun rng: "Tip sau thc D thc nng bin th nht, nn bin gii tng thc t lng nng bin th hai". (23) - Thc ny trong Thnh gio gi ring tn Mt na, v n c tnh thng thm xt ngh lng mnh hn cc thc khc. - Tn ny c g khc vi thc th su? y gi tn l gii thch theo li tr nghip, nh danh t "Tng thc", v thc tc l , cn ch thc l gii thch theo li y ch, v nh "nhn thc", v thc khc vi cn. (Tr nghip thch l cn c nghip dng ca n m t tn, y ch thch l cn c ch da ca n m t tn). - Nhng trong cc Thnh gio s lm thc ny thnh thc kia, cho nn thc th by ch gi l (ch khng gi thc). Li nu tn , v gin bit vi "tm bt" vi su thc, v Mt na thua km thc bt v ngha ch nhm, thua su thc v ngha liu bit. Hc mun ch r Mt na lm ch nng gn nht cho thc kia, nn ch gi n l . (24) Cu "nng kia chuyn" l ch r ch nng ca thc Mt na. Kia l ch cho Tng thc nng bin th nht ni trc kia. Thnh ni thc ny nng ni Tng thc. - C kin cho Mt na ny u ly c chng t bt thc lm ch nng, ch khng phi ly hin hnh thc bt lm ch nng, v thc Mt na ny khng gin on, khng cn mn thc hin hnh bt lm cu hu y mi sanh khi c. - C kin cho thc Mt na ny u ly c chng t v hin hnh thc bt lm ch nng. Thc Mt na tuy khng gin on m c chuyn dch (chuyn nhim thnh tnh, tnh thnh nhim), gi l chuyn thc, tt phi mn c hin hnh thc bt lm cu hu y mi pht sanh c. Chuyn ngha l lu chuyn (tc tng tc sanh khi). Hin th thc Mt na ny hng nng hin hnh bt thc v chng t trong bt thc m sanh khi, li ly bt thc lm s duyn. (Mt na ly chng t trong bt m khi, l nhn duyn; cn da bt thc khi, l cu hu y, Tng thng duyn). Cc Tm,Tm s u c ch nng, nhng ch nng ca n gm c ba th: 1. Nhn duyn y (cng gi Chng t y) tc l chng t ca chnh mi php. Cc php hu vi u g lm ch nng, v ri nhn duyn chng t ca chnh mnh, th chc chn khng sanh khi c. 2. Tng thng duyn y (cng gi Cu hu y) - tc su x bn trong (su cn). Cc Tm, Tm s u g ch nng ny, v ri cn cu hu th chc chn khng sanh khi c.

3. ng v gin duyn y (cng gi Khai o y) - Tc trc dit (m li cho sau sanh). Cc Tm, Tm s, u g ch nng ny, v ri gc khai o (m li dn ng v gin) th chc chn khng sanh khi c. Ch Tm Tm s l phi c ba ch nng y, cho nn gi l c ch nng, ch khng phi php khc. - Trc ht l chng t y (Nhn duyn y) c hai thuyt: a. C ngi ni rng cn phi c chng t dit ri th hin qu mi sanh, v cn phi khng c chng t, vy sau qu mi sanh, nh Tp lun ni th. Li nh ht ging v mm khng phi cng c mt lc (cu hu). b. C ngi cho li dn Tp lun kia chng minh khng thnh. V Tp lun ch da vo s dn sanh t loi chng t v sau m ni th. Ni ht ging sanh ra mm, khng phi l ng nht. V cho ht ging dit m mm sanh l iu khng c cng nhn. Nh tim n v la phi ng thi mi lm nhn ln nhau c. Nhng trong mi chng t t loi, th nhn qu khng ng thi, cn chng t sanh hin hnh, hin hnh sanh chng t, th quyt nh ng thi c. Cho nn lun Du gi ni php hu vi v thng lm nhn cho tha tnh v cng lm nhn cho t tnh nim sau. chnh l ngha ca ch "Nhn duyn". Ni "t tnh" l ch r t loi chng t nim trc lm nhn cho nim sau. Ni "tha tnh" l ch r chng t cng hin hnh lm nhn cho nhau. Lun Nhip i tha cng ni rng Tng thc v nhim php lm nhn duyn cho nhau, ging nh b cy lau ng thi nng nhau ng vng; li ni chng t v hin qu phi ng thi, cho nn "Chng t y" khng th trc sau c. Du c ch ni: "Chng t v hin qu c trc sau". nn bit y u ni theo li ty chuyn (tc chuyn i tha ni l Tiu tha, chuyn l chnh ni theo l ph). Nh vy tm thc v cc Tm s nht nh c mi chng t lm ch nng ring. - Th hai l Cu hu y (Tng thng duyn y) c bn thuyt: a. C thuyt cho rng nm thc nhn, nh v.v... ly thc lm Cu hu y, v khi nm thc khi ln phi c thc, ch khng c nhn cn ring v.v... lm Cu hu y, v nm cn chnh l chng t ca nm thc. Nh bi tng trong Nh thp Duy thc ni: Thc t t chng sanh, Chuyn theo tng t cnh, V thnh ni ngoi x, Pht dy: l mi.

Bi tng ny ni c Th Tn v thnh lp mi hai x, nn ni chng t ca nm thc l nm cn v.v... cn tng phn ca nm thc l nm trn v.v... cho nn bit nhn cn v.v... chnh l chng t ca nm thc. Lun Qun S Duyn cng ni: Sc cng nng trn thc, Gi nm cn, hp l. Cng nng vi cnh sc, V th lm nhn nhau. Bi tng ny ni chng t sanh sc thc nh nhn v.v... trn D thc thc gi l sc cng nng, ni sc cng nng l nm cn, ch khng phi c nm cn ring bit. Cn chng t v sc thc thng lm nhn cho nhau, v hin thc hin sc nng hun thng cng cn chng t lm nhn cho nhau. Thc th by v thc th tm khng c cu hu y ring, v t lc n mnh, hng thi tng tc sanh khi, cn thc th su c cu hu y, v phi nng thc Mt na mi sanh khi c. b. C ngi cho li ni trn tri vi c l v gio. V nu nm sc cn chnh l chng t ca nm thc, th chng t ca mi tm gii phi thnh ln xn. Nhng mi tm gii u c chng t ring, nn trong Thnh gio ni no cng ni nh vy. Li chng t nm thc mi mi c kh nng sanh tng phn, kin phn khc nhau, nh vy th ti sao chp tng phn hay kin phn lm nhn cn v.v...? Nu chp chng t kin phn th kin phn n nhip vo thc un; nu chp chng t tng phn th tng phn n nhip vo ngoi x. C hai li chp u tri vi Thnh gio ni: "Nm cn nhn, nh v.v... u nhip vo sc un ni x bn trong". Li nu nm cn chnh l chng t ca nm thc, th nm cn phi l nhn duyn ca nm thc, khng nn ni nm cn nhip vo tng thng duyn. Li nu t cn, thit cn chnh l chng t ca hai thc , vy th hai cn t, thit ging nh hai thc t, thit, ch nn rng buc ci Dc, hoc c hai thc t, thit, ging nh hai cn t, thit cng nn rng buc lun ci Sc. Nu chp nhn nh th th tri vi Thnh gio. (Ni ch c ba thc nhn, nh, thn nh a, ch t v thit thc ch c ci Dc). Cn ni ba cn nhn, nh, thn chnh l chng t ba thc th nn ch c hai a v l Ng th Tp c v S thin. Hoc ni khng c c Nm a l Ng th Tp c v Bn ci Thin th cng b ct nn nh th. Li chng t nm thc thng c hai tnh thin, c, th nm sc cn khng phi ch c tnh v k.

Li chng t nm thc nhip vo loi khng chp th, th nm cn cng phi nn khng chp th. Li nm sc cn nu l chng t ca nm thc, th chng t thc phi l Mt na, v nm thc kia ly nm cn lm ng php vy (ng lm cn cho chuyn thc nng). Li lun Du gi ni su thc nhn nh v.v... u ba ch nng (l nng chng t hoc gi Nhn duyn y; nng cn, hoc gi Cu hu y; nng dit hoc gi ng v gin y). Nay nu ni nm sc cn chnh l chng t ca nm thc th ch nng ch c hai. Li trong Thnh gio ni nm cn nhn, nh v.v... l ni chung c cn hin hnh v cn chng t. Nay chp chng t nm thc l nm cn th tri vi tt c Thnh gio. - C ngi mun trnh li ni trn, da vo li chp y cu cha rng: "Nghip chng tng thng chiu cm nm thc trong D thc thc, gi l nm sc cn, ch khng phi lm nhn duyn chng t sanh ra nm thc". L ny kho ph hp vi hai bi tng v kho thun vi lun Du gi. - Ngi kia ni th ch l ni sung, khng c tht ngha, v nu th th l ng nm sc cn chng phi l v k. Li nghip chng l nm cn th khng phi ch c chp th, ch nhip vo sc un, ch nhip vo ni x, hai cn t thit ch nn rng buc Dc gii, ba cn khng nn rng buc nm a (Ng th Tp c v Bn ci Thin), v nghip chng chiu cm thc l ng l Mt na, nhn, nh v.v... khng th khng hin hnh v chng t li c th l nhn, nh v.v... m khng phi l sc cn. Li nu nm thc u do nghip chiu cm, thi c th mt mc nhip vo v k tnh, thi nm thc thin c v.v... khng phi nghip chiu cm, th khng c nhn cn v.v... lm Cu hu y. Cho nn li ni ca ng, khng phi l li cu cha khn kho. Li trong cc Thnh gio u ni: "A li da thc bin hin t sc cn v ch cn nng (thn) cng kh th gian)". Ti sao ng li bc khng c sc cn, ch chp nhn nhn thc v.v... bin hin ra t sc, t thanh, m khng chp nhn nhn thc v.v... c Tng thc bin hin? M v lm nh th tht rt tri vi gio l. Nhng Tng ni:" Cng nng chng t gi l nm cn" l ct ph ngi chp la ngoi thc tht c nm cn. Nn hiu chnh do bn thc bin hin ra t nhn cn ... cn ny c tc dng pht sanh nm thc nn gi gi l chng t v sc cng nng, ch khng phi ni sc cn chnh l chng t ca thc v ca nghip. Li minh liu thc duyn nm cnh, nn ly nm thc lm Cu hu y, v minh liu thc ny phi cng khi mt ln vi nm thc. Nu minh liu thc khng nng nm thc nhn, nh v.v... th minh liu thc khng th lm ch nng cho nm thc, v chng da ln nhau, c th lc ngang nhau.

Li thc th by, tuy khng gin on nhng n bc kin o, tu o n c chuyn i, th n phi nh su thc c Cu hu y. Nu khng nh vy, th n phi khng nhip vo chuyn thc, do tri vi Thnh gio ni chuyn thc c by th. Cho nn chp nhn thc th by c Cu hu y, v Cu hu y chnh l thc th tm hin hnh. Nh lun Du gi ni: "C Tng thc nn c thc Mt na, c thc Mt na lm ch nng, m thc c pht sanh". Lun kia ni: "Hin hnh Tng thc" lm ch nng mi c thc Mt na, ch khng phi do chng t ca n trong Tng thc. Khng vy th nn ni c Tng thc cho nn thc c pht sanh. Do , li ni kia ly chng t lm cn v Mt na khng c Cu hu y , l tri vi l gio. Th nn ni: "Nm chuyn thc trc mi mi phi c hai Cu hu y, l nm sc cn v ng thi thc". Chuyn thc th su quyt nh thng c mt Cu hu y, l thc th by. Nu thc cng khi ln mt ln vi nm thc trc th cng ly nm thc trc lm Cu hu y. Chuyn thc th by quyt nh ch c mt Cu hu y, l thc th tm. Ch ring thc th tm hng thng khng chuyn bin, t mnh ng vng, khng cn c c Cu hu y". c. C ngi cho rng cu ni trn cha ht l. Thc th tm so vi cc thc khc ng l thc, th ti sao khng chp nhn thc th tm c Cu hu y? Thc th by, thc th tm hng cng nhau sinh khi li cng nhau nng nhau, nh th c g li? chp nhn thc hin khi (hin hnh) ly chng t ca chnh n lm ch nng, th cng nn chp nhn chng t cng nng ni thc hin khi (hin hnh). ni thc hin hnh nng chng t, chng t nng thc hin hnh). By chuyn thc hin hnh c th hun thnh chng t ni thcD thc. Chng t y ly by chuyn thc nng hun lm ch nng, ly thc D thc s hun lm ch nng m tn ti. Nu la by chuyn thc nng hun v thc D thc s hun th chng t khng th sanh, ln v tr. Li thc D thc, trong ci c sc n chp tr thn v nng sc cn m pht khi. Nh Kh kinh ni: "Thc A li da nhn gi nghip thi ng, khp nng cc cn, m hng tng tc sanh khi". Lun Du gi ni: "Su thc nhn, nh v.v... u c ch nng ring, nn khng c kh nng chp th ton thn c sc cn". Nu thc D thc khng chp y ch ni cc sc cn, th n cng nh su thc khng c kh nng chp th. hoc ci nhn c lp , mc phi li bt nh (theo Nhn minh). Cho nn Tng thc nu hin khi th nht nh c mt ch nng, l thc th by. Khi trong ci c sc, n cng nng sc cn, nu l thc chng t th nht nh c mt ch nng, l thc D thc, khi a v mi hun tp cng nng ni thc nng hun. Cc l khc nh trc ni. d. C ngi cho rng cc li ni trn u khng ng l, v h cha r ch nng v nng khc nhau. Nng l ch cho tt c php sanh dit phi nng nhn cy duyn

m sanh khi v tn ti. Cc ch nng cy cng gi l nng. Nh vua v ti u nng ln nhau. Nu php g c ngha l quyt nh ng thi, c cnh duyn, lm ch v c kh nng khin Tm, Tm s tip nhn cnh s duyn ca chnh n, th php mi l ch nng. Ni r, chnh su x bn trong (su cn) mi l ch nng. Ngoi ra php g khng phi c cnh s duyn, khng c tnh quyt nh v khng lm ch th khng phi ch nng, nh vua ch khng phi nh ti. Cho nn trong Thnh gio ni ch c Tm, Tm s l c ch nng (l cc cn), ch khng phi sc php, v sc php khng c cnh s duyn. Ch ni Tm s ly Tm vng lm ch nng, ch khng ni Tm s lm ch nng cho Tm, v Tm s khng phi l ch, khng t ti (nh b ti). Nhng c ch ni nng l ch nng, hoc ch nng l nng, u ty nghi gi ni. Do nm thc u c ch nng, v nht nh c bn ch, l nm sc cn, thc th su, thc th by, thc th tm. Nu thiu mt th nm thc khng sanh c, v bn ch nng ny ni cch khc tc l ng cnh y, phn bit y, nhim tnh y v cn bn y khc nhau. Nhng Thnh gio thng ch ni nm thc nng nm cn, v nm cn l ch nng ring ca mi thc. Li ng cnh y (tc nm cn, thc ng duyn mt cnh vi cn v.v...) l ci tng thun gn nht vi nm thc. lc thc ch c hai Cu hu y l thc th by v thc th tm. Thiu mt trong hai th th thc th su khng sanh ra c. thc th su tuy cng nm thc tip nhn tin cnh r rng, nhng khng nht nh lc no thc cng nng nm thc, cho nn nm thc khng phi l ch nng ring ca thc. Thnh gio ch ni thc nng thc th by, l nhim tnh y, v hai thc ny ng nhip thuc vo chuyn thc, tng thun gn nhau. Cu hu y ca thc th by ch c mt, l thc th tm. V nu khng c Tng thc th tm th thc th by khng sanh c, nh bi tng ni: Nh nng A li da, Nn c Mt na sanh, Y ch Tm v , Cc chuyn thc khc sanh. Cu hu y ca thc A li da cng ch c mt th, l thc th by. Nu khng c thc th by th A li da quyt khng sanh c. Do , trong Lun ni: "Tng thc thng cng thc Mt na ng thi sanh khi".

Li ni Tng thc thng nng thc nhim , chnh l nng thc Mt na ny, nhng c ch ni ba a v (A la hn, Dit tn nh, Xut th o) khng c Mt na, l da vo tnh hu ph ca thc Mt na m ni, cng nh ni bn a v (Ba tha V hc v v Pht) khng c A li da, ch khng phi ni bn v khng c thc th tm ( bn a v dt ng i chp tng m ni l khng c A li da, ch th ca thc th tm lun vn c). Ngha y cng th. Tuy ci c Sc, thc A li da cng nng nm cn m pht sanh, nhng khng nht nh khi no cng c, nn nm cn ny khng nhip vo loi Cu hu y ca thc th tm A li da. Chng t c thc khng th hin tin tip nhn cnh ca chnh mnh, nn n c th c ngha nng m khng c ngha l ch nng nh cn. Cn ch nng ca Tm s th ty theo thc Tm vng n tng ng m ni, mi Tm s li gia thm Tm vng m n tng ng lm ch nng. Nu ni nh th l kho ph hp vi l v gio. - Cui cng l Khai o y (ng v gin duyn y). C ba thuyt: 1. C ngi cho rng nm thc trc t mnh v thng qua thc khc trc sau khng tng tc, khng th lm Khai o y, nn chc chn phi c thc th su dt dn pht sanh, v ch c thc th su lm Khai o y. Cn thc th su, t mnh tng tc v cng do nm thc trc dt dn pht sanh, nn ly nm thc trc lm Khai o y. Thc th by, thc th tm t mnh tng tc khng cn thc khc dt dn pht sanh, nn ch ly t loi chnh mnh lm Khai o y. 2. C ngi cho rng thuyt trn cha ht l, v nm thc trc khi a v cha t ti v gp cnh xu, th c th ni nh trn, ch nu nm thc a v t ti nh ch Pht i vi cnh c t ti, cc cn s dng chung, nhm vn quyt nh khng cn tm cu th nm thc thn ca ch Pht u phi khng tng tc. - Li nm thc ng lu do th lc ca tm quyt nh, tm nhim tnh, v tc ca thc dt dn m khi ln, ngay khi tip tc chuyn ch duyn cnh s duyn cha ri b, th lm sao khng chp nhn nm thc c nhiu nim tng tc (ng lu)? Cho nn lun Du gi ni: "Tip sau tm quyt nh mi c tm nhim tnh, ri tip sau mi c nhn thc thin, bt thin sanh khi, nhng chng khng do sc phn bit ca chnh mnh m do thc, cho n khi thc cha chy theo duyn cnh khc. Trong thi gian nhn v hoc thin, hoc nhim, c tng tc sanh khi. Ging nh nhn thc sanh, cho n thn thc sanh nn bit cng th. lun trn y nh ni r trong thi gian hai thc v cng ng thi tng tc sanh khi, khi c nhn thc th cng c thc, cho nn khng phi hai thc tng tc sanh ln nhau. Nu khi gp cnh cng thnh tip tc hin tin bc ot thn tm khng th thi ri b, by gi nm thc thn chc chn phi tng tc, nh cnh a ngc nng rt kh hoc ci tri h vong rt vui (tri Dc gii).

Cho nn lun Du gi ni: "Nu su thc nim trc lm ng v gin duyn cho su thc nim sau, tc ly thi thit gi l cn; cn nu nm thc trc sau quyt nh ch c thc lm Khai o y", thi lun kia nn ni: "Mt thc ny lm ng v gin duyn (Khai o y) cho su thc kia", hoc nn ni su thc ny lm ng v gin duyn cho mt thc kia. Nhng lun kia khng ni nh vy, cho nn bit nm thc c s tng tc. Khi nm thc khi ln chc chn c thc nim trc dn dt thc nim sau lm cho pht khi, cn g phi c nm thc lm Khai o y? Khi a v v tm v ng m, thc dt, lc sau n khi li, trong khong thi gian Tng thc va Mt na hng tng tc, th cng nn lm Khai o y cho thc y, cn nu thc dng t loi nim trc lm Khai o cho nim sau, th ti sao li khng chp nhn t loi nm thc cng lm Khai o y cho mnh? y khng nh vy, th sao kia li nh vy? Khi thc Mt na khi u tng ng vi Bnh ng tnh tr, cng phi do thc th su (qun hai khng) dt dn, vy cng nn ly thc th su lm Khai o y (cho Mt na). Khi bt tnh thc khi u tng ng vi i vin cnh tr cng phi do thc th su (tng ng vi Diu quan st tr) v th by (tng ng vi Bnh ng tnh tr), lm phng tin dn ti pht sanh. Li tm D thc khi a v nhim th nng nhim , hoc khi v chuyn y th nng ni thin tm tng ng vi nguyn t bi. Nh vy quyt phi chp nhn bt thc cng ly thc th su, thc th by lm Khai o y. Do cc li ni trn kia u cha rt ro. ng ra nn ni nm thc trc ty nghi m dng thc no trong su thc nim trc lm Khai o y. thc th su dng t loi nim trc hoc dng thc th by, thc th tm lm Khai o y. Thc Mt na th by dng t loi nim trc hoc dng thc th su lm Khai o y. Thc A a na (thc th tm) dng t loi nim trc v thc th su, th by lm Khai o y, u khng tri l. Do ni trc ri vy. 3. C ngi cho kin va ni cng khng ng l, v Khai o y c ngha l php g m c bn ngha l tht c (Bt tng ng hnh khng tht c) c kh nng duyn (sc khng c kh nng nhn bit), lm ch (Tm s khng phi ch) v c th lm ng v gin duyn (thc khc loi v thc nim sau khng th lm ng v gin duyn), th gi l Khai o y. y ch thuc tm ch khng phi thuc Tm s, hay sc, Bt tng ng hnh, V vi php. Nu thc nim trc ny v thc nim sau khi khng c ngha ng khi, mi ni thc ny c nng lc khai o cho thc kia, cn tm thc trong mt thn c th ng khi, tc thc ny i thc kia l khc loi, khc loi th ch lm Cu hu y ch lm sao m lm Khai o y cho nhau c. Nu chp nhn thc khc loi lm Khai o y, th tm thc khng ng thi khi (v ng thi khi th khng phi Khai o y) tc l ng ngha vi ngha ca Tiu tha d b chp tm khng ng sanh.

Li trong mt thn, cc thc ng khi nhiu t (khi mt thc, khi hai, ba thc) khng nht nh. Nu cho n lm ng v gin duyn cho nhau, thi sc cn (v Bt tng ng hnh php v.v...) khc loi vi tm cng u l ng v gin duyn nh vy, do tri li Thnh ni: "ng v gin duyn ch c Tm Tm s". Nhng lun Nhip i tha ni: "Sc cng c ng v gin duyn", y li ni bung ra ot li. Ngha l gi s nh Tiu tha cho sc tm trc sau c ng v gin duyn, ni th l ot mt ngha nhn duyn. Khng nh vy m ni "ng", th ch "ng" ny thnh v dng. V nu bo "ng" khng phi l ngn nhiu t tm, m ch biu th ng loi, th ni ng loi lm ng v gin duyn l tri iu ng (Tiu tha) chp thc khc loi lm ng v gin duyn. Th nn bit tm thc u ch ly t loi lm Khai o y, rt l ph hp vi gio v l. V t loi tc khng c ngha ng khi. Khai o y ca Tm s, do ty theo ni mi thc Tm vng m n tng ng ni. Tuy Tm, Tm s khc loi ng sanh, nhng tng ng ln nhau, ha hp tung nh mt, quyt nh ng sanh ng dit v s th, nghip dng cng ng. Mt thc khai o th cc thc khc cng khai o (nh Xc tm s cng sanh vi nhn thc th cc Tm s Th, Tng, T cng tip sanh theo), cho nn ln lt lm ng v gin duyn cho nhau. Cn cc thc Tm vng thng vi nhau th khng c ngha khai o nh vy, khng nn em Tm s ra lm nh l. Nhng cc Tm s chng phi l Khai o y, (m ch l ng v gin duyn), v n khng c t ch vi vic dn sanh ra ci khc. - Nu ng v gin duyn ca Tm, Tm s ch u do tm t loi, th khi thc th by, thc th tm mi bt u chuyn y, cc Tm s tn v.v... tng ng vi n s thiu mt ci duyn t loi ng v gin . Thc th by, tm khi cha chuyn y th khng c mi mt thin Tm s tng ng. Khi chuyn y th c mi mt thin tng ng, nu phi tm t loi lm ng v gin duyn, th mi mt thin ny khi thiu ci duyn ng v gin (v khi cha chuyn y n cha c) v s tri li Thnh ni: "Cc Tm Tm s u bn duyn mi sanh khi". Khi a v v tm, ng m v cht ngt v.v... thc tuy on m lc sau li khi th Khai o y ca n chnh l t loi thi gian trc . T loi nm thc nn cng bit th. Khng c tm khc loi xen vo lm cch on gia nn gi l v gin. Khi thc nim trc va dit l lm Khai o y cho thc nim sau, cn g phi do thc khc loi mi lm khai o? Nhng trong Thnh gio hoc ni su thc trc dn khi ln nhau, hoc thc th by, thc th tm nng ni thc th su, thc th by m sanh khi, ni th l y theo Tng thng duyn th thng m ni, ch khng phi ni ng v gin duyn cho nn khng tri nhau. Lun Du gi ni: "Nu thc nim trc khng gin on th cc thc nim sau nht nh sanh khi, nn thc nim trc l ng v gin duyn cho thc nim sau".

Li su thc nim trc lm ng v gin duyn cho su thc nim sau, thit nh gi l cn. Cu ny li tng m bit, cng khng tri nhau. Th nn bit thc t loi nng nhau lm Khai o y, l iu rt hp gio l. - Lun cc ngha bn l nh vy xong, by gi nn bit lun v ngha chnh ca thc Mt na ny. Thc Mt na nng bin th hai ny tuy ba ch nng, nhng ch "nng kia chuyn" trong bi tng l ch hin th hai th nng u, l nhn duyn Chng t y v cn Cu hu y. Ngha l hin th s y v s duyn ca thc Mt na ny u l thc th tm. Li hai th nng u i vi thc Mt na c tc dng th thng. Hoc Khai o y l th d hiu r. (25) - Nh vy ni s y ca thc th by, cn s duyn ca n nh th no? Tc nh tng ni ch "duyn kia". "Kia" chnh l thc th tm ca Mt na nng nh va ni. Thnh gio ni: "Thc Mt na duyn Tng thc kia" (C bn thuyt): 1. C ngi cho rng thc Mt na ny duyn thc th th tm v nm Tm s tng ng vi n. Cn Lun ni Mt na hng tng ng ng v ng s. Ngha l Mt na duyn th t th thc th tm v Tm s tng ng vi n, ri tun t chp lm "ng" v "ng s". Nhng cc Tm s khng ri thc, nh ni ch "Duy thc" l trong gm c Tm s, khng tri vi Thnh gio. 2. C ngi cho li ni trn khng ng l, v trong Thnh gio khng c ch no ni Mt na duyn xc Tm s v.v... ca bt thc c. Nn ni Mt na ch duyn Kin phn v Tng phn ca thc th tm ri ln lt chp lm "ng" v "ng s". V Kin v Tng u ly thc lm th. Ni th khng tri vi Thnh gio. 3. C ngi cho ni nh va ri khng ng l, v Tng phn nm cn, nm cnh khng phi thc un, nu Mt na duyn n th cng ging nh nm thc, cng duyn cnh bn ngoi, v c th nh thc duyn cnh chung, th c th khi sanh ci V sc khng c sc duyn l khng chp ng s. V do nhm chn sc m sanh ci V sc, nn khng cn bin ra sc. Vy nn ni Mt na ch duyn Tng thc v chng t ca n, ri ln lt chp lm "ng" v "ng s". V chng t chnh l cng nng ca Tng thc, khng c vt tht, nn khng tri vi Thnh gio. 4. C ngi li ni cc thuyt trn u khng ng l. V chng t sc v.v... khng phi thc un. V lun ni chng t l tht c, nu nh chng t l gi th nh khng c, khng c th n khng phi l nhn duyn sanh ra php. Li Tt ca gia kin tng ng vi Mt na, nhm vn mt loi, hng tng tc sanh khi, u c chp ng v ng s ring bit nhau, v khng c ngha cng trong mt tm m khi ln chp c hai cnh on v thng khc nhau, cng chp mt ln. Cng khng th ni hai chp on v thng c trc sau, v thc th by t v th li, nht v hng thng sanh khi (khng phn trc sau).

- Nn bit Mt na ch duyn hin hnh Kin phn ca Tng thc ch khng duyn g khc, v tng thc t v th li mt loi tng tc t thng t mt v thng lm ch nng cho cc php. Mt na ch chp hin hnh Kin phn kia lm t ni ng, nhng tha ng th m ni lun ch "ng s"; hoc Mt na chp thc th tm l ci "ta ca ta" (tc ly nng chp lm ta, b chp lm ca ta ng s). Cho nn cng trong mt chp kin m ngha c hai. Ni nh th l kho thun vi gio l, v nhiu ni ch ni c: "Ng kin", v ng v ng s chp khng cng khi ln mt ln. Khi a v cha chuyn y th Mt na ch duyn Kin phn ca Tng thc, nhng khi chuyn y, n cng duyn chn nh v cc php khc. Cn nh bnh ng tnh tr l v chng c mi th tnh bnh ng cho nn bit c thng kin gii sai bit ca cc hu tnh m th hin cc nh tng Pht. Nhng trong Tng y ct ch ni khi cha chuyn y, cho nn ch ni Mt na duyn Tng thc; v khi ng khi m c thng v cuc, l l nh vy; v cnh gii ca ng l v ng, cnh gii ca m l ng chp, bn cng khp, bn khng cng khp khc nhau. - Ti sao Mt na li duyn ch ca chnh n nng,ni cch khc ti sao s duyn ca Mt na cng chnh l s y ca Mt na? Nh ni thc nim sau duyn thc nim trc, l iu c cng nhn, th y c li g? - Tng ni "T lng lm tnh tng" l hin th c t tnh v hnh tng ca thc Mt na. Mt na ly t lng lm t tnh, cng ly t lng lm hnh tng. Do hai ngha m lp ring tn Mt na hay . V thm l t lng nn gi l Mt na. Khi a v cha chuyn y, n c thng thm t lng tng ng chp; cn khi a v chuyn y, n cng hng thm t lng tng v ng. (T lng ng l phi lng, t lng v ng l hin lng, t lng ng). (26) - Thc Mt na ny c my Tm s tng ng? Mt na thng tng ng vi bn th phin no. Trong bi tng ni ch "cu" l hin th ngha tng ng. Ngha l t v th li cho n lc cha c chuyn y th Mt na ny nhm vn hng duyn Tng thc v tng ng vi bn Cn bn phin no l ng si, ng kin, ng mn, ng i. Ng si l v minh, ngu tng ng, m l v ng, cho nn gi l ng si. Ng kin l chp ng. i vi ci khng phi ng v php, vng chp l ng, cho nn gi l ng kin. Ng mn l kiu ngo th ci ng ca mnh chp, lm cho tm ct cao ln, cho nn gi l ng mn.

Ng i l ng tham, tc i vi ci ng chp, sanh tm m trc n, cho nn gi l ng i. Trong bi tng c ch "Tinh" (v). l biu th h c ng mn, ng i th c ng kin cng khi; c ng kin, ng mn l c ng i cng khi. l nhm ngn cc b phi chp bn th ny khng tng ng nhau. Bn thc phin no ny thng khi ln lm nhiu trc ni tm, khin cho su chuyn thc ngoi tr nn tp nhim. Loi hu tnh do m phi sanh t lun hi, khng th thot khi, cho nn gi l phin no. Hi: - Cn bn phin no c mi th (nm n s, nm li s), vy thc ny ti sao ch tng ng vi bn th? p: - V c ng kin, th cc kin khc nh bin kin, t kin, kin th, gii cm th khng sanh; v khng khi no trong ni tm m c hai Tu tm s, (Kin thuc tu Tm s). Hi: - Ti sao thc ny phi c ng kin? p: - V t kin, kin th, gii cm th ch do phn bit sanh, ch b on tr khi kin o, cn bn phin no tng ng vi Mt na ch l cu sanh v ch c th b on tr khi tu o. (Th nn Mt na khng c hai th kin v t kin). Cn ng s v bin kin on thng u nng ni ng kin sanh, m ng kin tng ng vi Mt na th khng nng ni ng s v bin kin sanh, khng c ng s v bin kin thng ngm ngm bn trong chp bt lm ng, cho nn Mt na phi c ng kin. Do ng kin c tnh thm xt quyt nh nn "Tm s nghi" khng th khi ln. V i trc ng nn "Tm s sn" khng sanh. Do Mt na tng ng vi phin no ch c bn. Hi: - Ng kin, ng mn, ng i, ba th lm sao cng khi c? p: - Hnh tng ba th y khng tri nhau, th cng khi c li g u? Hi: - Lun Du gi ni: "Tham kin tm khim h. Mn khin tm cao c", u phi khng tri nhau? p: Phn bit v cu sanh, ngoi cnh v ni cnh, b lng m v th, bn th t khc nhau. Cho nn vn kia v vn y khng tri ngha nhau. Tm s tng ng Mt na ch c bn th ? Khng vy, sao Tng ni v Tm s xc thy? (C nm thuyt) 1. C ngi cho cu tng trn c ni Tm s tng ng vi Mt na ch c chn, tc bn th trc kia cng thm nm Bin hnh l xc, tc , th, tng, t. V Mt na quyt phi tng ng Bin hnh tm s. Nhng v trc ni xc v.v... tng ng vi D thc thc, (m D thc thc thuc v ph v k, nay ni nu ni r Mt na tng ng

vi xc v.v ...) th s lm cho Mt na cng thuc v ph v k nh thc D thc. V mun ch r Mt na ny v D thc kia khc, cho nn trong bi Tng ch "D" (khc) v ch "cp" (v). Ngha l bn phin no trc v nm Bin hnh ny hp li thnh chn hng tng ng vi Mt na. - Mt na ny ti sao khng tng ng vi cc Tm s khc? Khng tng ng, v "Dc" l hy vng cnh cha toi hp, cn Mt na ny th nhm vn duyn cnh toi hp, khng c hy vng g, cho nn khng c Dc tm s. Thng gii tm s l n tn chp tr cnh cha tng quyt nh, cn Mt na ny t v th th thng duyn cnh nh, tri qua s n tn chp tr, cho nn n khng c "thng gii". Nim tm s l ghi nh vic tng tp qua, cn Mt na ny thng duyn cnh th dng hin ti khng ghi nh g, cho nn n khng c nim. nh tm s l buc tm chuyn ch vo mt cnh, cn Mt na ny nhm vn tng st na duyn ring, khng chuyn nht, cho nn n khng c nh. Tu tm s l ng kin, cho nn khng ni tch ring. Thin tm s l thanh tnh, khng nng vi Mt na hu ph nhim. Cn cc ty phin no l y ni phn v sai bit trc sau ca phin no m kin tp, Mt na ny th thng cng bn phin no tng ng, trc sau mt loi, phn v khng sai khc, cho nn Mt na khng tng ng vi ty phin no. tc tm s l truy hi nhng vic lm, cn Mt na ny th nhm vn thng duyn hin cnh, khng truy hi vic trc, cho nn n khng c tc. Thy min tm s l phi nng ni thn tm nng n, hn mui v sc ca cc duyn bn ngoi m tm thi khi ln, cn Mt na ny t v th th ch mt loi chp ng bn trong, khng cn duyn bn ngoi, cho nn Mt na ny khng c thy min. Tm t tm s u da bn ngoi m sanh khi, truy cu cn su, pht ngn th t, cn Mt na ny ch da bn trong m khi, mt mc chp ng cho nn n khng tng ng vi Tm t. 2. C ngi cho li gii thch trn v ngha ch "D" (khc) trong cu "Cp d xc ng" (v Tm s xc thy) trong bi Tng khng ng. V bi Tng c ni ring Mt na ny nhip thuc hu ph ch khng phi v ph nh A li da, nhng li cn thiu ni Mt na tng ng vi ty phin no, nn Tng ni ch "D". V phin no tt phi tng ng vi Ty phin no, cho nn bi Tng ni ch "D" (khc) l ch r cho Ty phin no.

Trong y c ngi cho rng Ty phin no bin khp tng ng vi tt c nhim tm. Nh trong Tp Lun ni: Hn trm, tro c, bt tn, gii i, phng dt thng tng ng vi tt c phm loi nhim. Nu ri tnh khng kham nhm ca hn trm v.v... m thnh tnh nhim, th khng th c l . Khi phin no khi, l tm nhim, phi c nm Ty phin no kia. V nu phin no khi khi ln tt phi do tnh khng kham nhm ca hn trm, huyn ng ca tro c, bt tn, gii i, phng dt m c. Tro c tm s tuy bin khp tt c nhim tm nhng khi a v c tham th n mnh hn, nn ch ni tro c thuc phn tham (ng i). Cng nh thy min v hi, tuy bin khp ba tnh, nhng a v "Si" th n mnh hn, nn ch ni hi, min thuc vo si phn (ng si). Tuy cc ch khc ni c Ty phin no hoc su, hoc mi th, bin khp cc nhim tm, nhng u nng theo ngha ring m ni "bin khp", ch khng phi tht bin khp tt c nhim tm. Ngha l y c trong hai mi Ty phin no thy c su Ty phin no c hnh tng r rt thng c a v th v t, thng c hai tnh v k v bt thin, chng ngi c nh v tu cho nn ni su. V y c trong hai mi hai Ty phin no thy c mi th c hnh tng r rt thng c hai tnh th v t nn ni mi. Cho nn y v trn kia ni khng tri nhau. - Nhng Tm s tng ng vi Mt na c mi lm l ng si, ng kin, ng mn, ng i, nm Bin hnh, tu trong Bit cnh v nm Ty phin no l hn trm, tro c, bt tn, gii i, phng dt. Ng kin tuy l tu trong Bit cnh nhng trong nm mi mt Tm s ngha n c sai khc, nn tch lm hai. - V sao Mt na ny khng c cc Tm s khc? V mi Tiu phin no nh phn v.v... hnh tng th ng, cn thc Mt na thm xt vi t, nn khng tng ng. V tm, v qy ch l bt thin, Mt na ch l v k, nn khng tng ng ... tn lon khin tm dong rui ngoi cnh, Mt na thng chp mt loi cnh bn trong, khng dong rui bn ngoi, nn khng tng ng. Bt chnh tri th khi thn, ng, , hnh tng ra bn ngoi, tri vt quy tc, Mt na ch chp bn trong, nn khng tng ng. Khng c cc Tm s khc, ngha nh trc ni. 3. C ngi cho rng: "Nn ni su Ty phin no tng ng khp tt c nhim tm", v Lun Du gi ni: "Su Ty phin no l bt tn, gii i, phng dt, vong nim, tn lon, c tu tng ng vi tt c nhim tm". Vong nim, tn lon, c tu nu khng c, th tm khng khi ln cc phin no; v phi nng theo cc chng loi cnh gii tng tip th ri mi pht khi vong nim (khng nh) v chn la sai quy (c tu) ri mi khi ln cc phin no tham, sn, v.v... thng c hai tnh l bt thin v hu ph. Vn Du gi cn ni: "Mi Ty phin no bin khp", ngha nh trc ni. - Nhng Mt na ny tng ng vi mi chn Tm s, l bn Phin no cn bn, nm Bin hnh, su Ty phin no, thm nim, nh, tu v hn trm. y ring nim, c gii thch nh tu trc kia. y thm nh v Mt na chuyn ch ni mt loi cnh chp ng cha bao gi b. Thm hn trm, v Mt na tng ng vi v minh rt nng, nn tm hn trm. Khng c "tro c" v tri vi Mt na, khng tng ng cc Tm s khc, nn bit nh trn gii.

4. C ngi li cho rng: "Mi Ty phin no tng ng khp tt c nhim tm", nh lun Du gi ni: "Phng dt, tro c, hn trm, bt tn, gii i, t dc, t thng gii, t nim, tn lon, bt chnh tri", mi th ny khi ln tt c nhim tm, khp tt c ch, rng buc ba ci; v nu khi khng c t dc, t thng gii, th tm chc khng khi cc phin no. V phi i vi cnh tip xc mun th vui khi hp vi cnh hoc khi la cnh, c s tng n tn chp tr, mi khi ln cc phin no tham v.v... Cc ngi nghi ng v l th i vi s tng nh sc t khng do d, cho nn Tm tng ng vi nghi cng c thng gii. Cn ngi i cnh s duyn m do d nh nghi hnh ngi ra c th, ci nghi ny khng phi phin no. Cc ni khc khng ni hai th t dc, t thng gii ny bin khp nhim tm, v t dc khi duyn theo cnh khng a v t thng gii khi c nghi tng ng vi tm th t dc, t thng gii khng phi phin no th thin. Cc tm s khc c hoc khng tng ng vi Mt na, ngha nh trc ni. Vy Tm s ca Mt na ny c hai mi bn th: l chn php, mi ty phin no, thm nm Bit cnh. Chun theo l trc y gii thch, khng c cc Tm s khc, ni nh trn nn bit. 5. C ngi cho rng: "Nhng thuyt trn u cha rt ro". V, nh nghi i sau c hay khng c, th i vi s ny u c tng dc, tng thng gii g. Khi phin no khi ln, nu khng c "hn trm" th khng chc c tnh khng kham nhm. Nu khng "tro c" th khng chc c tnh huyn ng, bn nh thin tm, ch khng phi a v nhim. Nu trong nhim tm khng c "tn lon" th khng dong rui, khng phi nhim tm. Nu khng c "tht nim" v "btchnh tri" th lm sao c phin no khi ln trc mt. Cho nn bit tm nhim quyt nh phi c tm ty phin no tng ng, l: Hn trm, tro c, bt tn, gii i, phng dt, tht nim, tn lon, bt chnh tri. Tht nim v bt chnh tri nu ly nim v tu lm tnh th n khng bin khp nhim tm, v khng phi nhim tm no cng duyn theo vic tip xc v la chn. Nu ly v minh lm tnh th mi bin khp cc nhim tm. Do trc ni nh vy.

- Vy Mt na ny tht s tng ng vi mi tm Tm s, l nh trc nu chn php, tm Ty phin no, cng thm tu trong Bit cnh. Mt na khng c cc Tm s khc v bi vn trong Lun, chun theo trc y m gii thch.
Ni nh th khng tri vi gio v l. (27) (Ht cun bn ca bn Hn)

---o0o---

X. THC BIN HIN TH HAI (tip theo)

Nhim (thc Mt na) ny tng ng vi th no? C ba thuyt: 1. C ngi cho rng n ch tng ng vi h th; v n hng m thm chp ng bn trong sanh a thch. 2. C ngi bo khng phi vy; v nu phi chp nhn h th cho n ci tri Hu nh vn c tng ng vi Mt na, l tri vi li Thnh (Thnh gio ni thc Mt na c ba ci m h th th ch c ngang Nh Thin). Nn ni Mt na ny tng ng vi bn th. Ngha l khi sanh ci c th n tng ng vi u th, v duyn qu bo kh do nghip bt thin dn sanh. Khi sanh ci ngi, ci tri Dc gii, S Thin, Nh Thin th tng ng vi h th, v duyn vi ci c h l qu bo ca thin nghip. Khi sanh Tam Thin th tng ng vi lc th, v duyn vi ci c lc, l qu bo ca thin nghip. Khi sanh T Thin cho n ci Hu nh th tng ng vi x th, v duyn vi ci ch c x l qu bo ca thin nghip. 3. C ngi cho thuyt trn khng ng; v Mt na t v th li, nhm vn mt loi duyn Tng thc bn trong m chp ng, hng khng chuyn dch, nn khng tng ng vi cc th bin d kia. (Kh, lc th c thay i gi l th bin d). Li Mt na ny nu vi Tng thc c ngha g khc th lun u c ni ring, vy nu n tng ng vi bn th th lun cng nn ni ring. Nay lun khng ni ring, th quyt nh Mt na ng vi Tng thc ch tng ng vi x th. Cho nn bit tng ng vi Mt na ch c x th. - Khi a v cha chuyn y th n tng ng vi Tm s nh trn kia ni, cn khi a v chuyn y th n ch c 21 Tm s cng vi n khi ln, l nm Bin hnh, nm Bit cnh v 11 thin, v ging nh bt thc khi a v chuyn y th ch c x th cng khi, v Mt na nhm vn sanh khi v thng khi tnh bnh ng i vi cnh s duyn. - Mt na v Tm s ca n nhip thuc v tnh g? - nhip vo tnh hu ph v k. V Mt na tng ng vi bn phin no l php nhim, hay lm chng ngi Thnh o, che lp t tm, nn gi l hu ph; v v n khng phi thin hay bt thin, nn gi l v k. Ging nh cc phin no hai ci Sc v V sc b nh lc nhip phc n tng (khng khi hin hnh) nn nhip thuc vo tnh v k, v nhng nhim php hin hnh tng ng vi thc Mt na do Mt na l ch nng ca n rt vi t, nhm vn sanh khi (cu sanh) nn n cng thuc v k nh Mt na. Nu khi n chuyn y, th ch c thin tnh. - Mt na v Tm s ca n h thuc vo a no trong chn a?

- Ty bt thc sanh a no th n h thuc a y, nh bt thc sanh ci Dc (S a) th hin hnh Mt na v Tm s tng ng vi n h thuc vo ci Dc, cho n khi bt thc sanh ci Hu nh, nn bit cng th. V Mt na nhm vn hng duyn Tng thc t a (chnh ni hin sanh n) m chp Tng thc lm ni ng, ch khng duyn Tng thc tha a (ni a khc) m chp lm ni ng, nu khi D thc Tng thc sanh vo tha a, khi D thc Tng thc hin tin a kia, th gi l sanh a kia. Nhim Mt na cng duyn Tng thc a kia m chp ng, tc h thuc a kia, gi l "B s h"; hoc b h thuc theo cc phin no a kia, nn cng gi l "B s h". Nu chuyn y, tc khng cn h thuc.(28) - Mt na nhim ny tng tc t v th, n a v no th dt hn? hoc tm dt? - a v A la hn , Dit tn nh v Xut th o th n khng c. A la hn y ch cho qu v V hc trong Tam tha. a v ny c chng t ln hin hnh nhim u dt hn, cho nn ni 'khng c". Hoc trong a v Hu hc, khi nhp Dit nh v xut th o (khi qun v ng) u c th tm thi bp v on dit nhim , cho nn cng ni "khng c". Ngha l nhim t v th li, vi t, mt loi nhm vn sanh khi (cu sanh) dng cc hu lu o (khng qun st v ng) khng th bp v on dt, phi nh Thnh o (qun hai khng) ca Ba tha mi c kh nng bp v on dt. Tr cn bn liu gii v chn v ng (xut th v lu o) l tri nghch vi ng chp. Tip tr ng lu ca tr chn v ng kia l hu c tr v lu, khi n hin tin, cng lm tri nghch Mt na nhim . - C tr chn v ng v tr hu c u l v lu,nn gi l xut th o. Li, Dit nh l ng lu ca Thnh o (do v lu hu c tr m nhp nh dit tn), n rt tch tnh nn Dit nh cng tm khng c nhim , song v cha dt hn chng t cho nn khi ra khi Dit nh v xut th o th n li hin hnh, cho n khi cha th dt sch. Nhng loi phin no tng ng vi nhim ny l loi phin no cu sanh, chng phi do kin o on tr. V n l nhim , nn cng chng phi thuc v phi s on. Phin no ny rt vi t nn bao nhiu chng t ca n cng vi phin no h h phm (ch phm 81 T hoc) ca ci Hu nh), khi on th ng lc chng on. V th lc n ngang nhau, phi khi Kim Cang d nh hin tin th mi chng on chng t ny m thnh A la hn; cho nn a v V hc, vnh vin khng cn khi nhim V . Nu hng V hc Nh tha hi hng theo i tha, t khi s pht tm B cho n lc cha thnh Pht, tuy h tht l B tt nhng cng gi l A la hn. V ba ngha: ng cng, V sanh, St tc bng nhau nh A la hn, nn khng ni ring. - Trong y c ngi cho rng Mt na ch c phin no chng, v Thnh gio u ni ba a v l A la hn, Dit nh v Xut th o khng cn c Mt na (v khng cn

phin no chng); li v ni bn hoc thng tng ng v v Mt na l ch nng tp nhim cho thc th su. - C ngi cho thuyt trn tri vi gio l, v kinh ni ni a v xut th c Mt na (c tnh Mt na hng t lng l v ng). V thc khng khi khng nhim cng ging nh khi c nhim, u phi c ch nng cu sanh ring (l Mt na) mi c. Lun ni: "Tng thc quyt nh hng cng mt thc cng khi", l thc Mt na; cn khi thc khi ln c Tng thc vi hai thc cng khi, l thc v Mt na. Nu khi mt thc trong nm thc khi ln, thi c Tng thc vi ba thc cng khi, l mt trong nm thc, cng vi thc v Mt na. Cho n c nm thc ng khi ln thi c Tng thc vi by thc cng khi, l nm thc cng thc v Mt na. Nu trong Dit nh khng c thc th by, th by gi Tng thc ch khi mt mnh, khng c thc khc cng khi, lin khng phi lun lun quyt nh Tng thc c mt thc cng khi nh lun va ni. Khi a v Thnh o ( thc qun v lu) nu khng c Mt na th by gi Tng thc ch cng khi vi mt thc th su. Th lm sao lun c th ni nu khi thc khi ln th by gi Tng thc quyt nh c hai thc cng khi l thc v Mt na thc. Lun Hin Dng ni: "Mt na hng cng tng ng vi bn phin no (l a v nhim) hoc lt ngc hnh th cao c tng ng vi Mt na th thnh hnh bnh ng ( a v thanh tnh)". Cho nn bit Mt na c mt xuyn sut c nhim v khng nhim. Nu do lun ny ni: " a v A la hn khng c nhim " m bo khng c lun c thc th by, th cng nn do Lun ny ni: " a v A la hn x b A li da l x b lun c thc th tm". Nhng y khng th c vic A li da l b lun thc th tm, nh vy kia lm sao li c vic b nhim l b lun thc th by? Li cc lun ni: "Chuyn thc th by c tr bnh ng". Tr ny cng nh cc tr: "Thnh s tc, Diu quan st, i vin cnh, chc chn phi c tnh thc tng ng lm ch nng cho n (thc th by) nu thc th by khng c th tr bnh ng kia cng khng. V khng th la thc th by s y m c tr bnh ng nng y vy. Khng th ni rng tr bnh ng y ch ni su chuyn thc, v lun chp nhn tr bnh ng tnh hng hnh ca ch Pht cng nh tr vin cnh khng gin on. Li a v V hc, nu khng c thc th by, th thc th tm kia khng c Cu hu y. Nhng thc th tm c Cu hu y ny nh cc thc khc. Li nh khi cha chng B c gi la v ng th ng chp kia vn thng hng hin hnh, vy cng nn khi cha chng php v ng th php ng chp kia vn hng hnh. Mt na ny nu trong ba v V hc, cha chng nhn v ng, cha chng php v ng th khng c, vy ng chp v php chp kia nng ni thc no m c? N khng th nng bt thc, v bt thc khng c Tu tm s (m ng, php chp thuc tu Tm s). - Do hy nn tin ba a v l Nh tha thnh o, Dit nh v V hc, thc th by ny vn hng hnh, v cha chng c php v ng.

Li trong cc lun, ly nm ng php (l nm thc ng c nm cn lm ch nng th thc th su cng ng nh nm thc phi c ch nng) mi sanh khi c chng minh c thc th by lm ch nng cho thc th su. Lc Thnh o khi ln v a v V hc, nu khng c thc th by thanh tnh lm ch nng cho thc th su thanh tnh, th lp tn

lp nhn u b li. Hoc c th nm thc cng khng c ch nng, nhng nm thc hng c ch nng, th thc th su cng phi th.
Th cho nn quyt nh c Mt na khng nhim hng khi hin tin ba a v ni trn. Cn bi tng ni: Mt na kia ba a v khng c" l ch da ni Mt na nhim m ni, v ba a v trn kia khng cn Mt na chp ng na. Cng ging nh ni bn a v (ba V hc v ca Ba tha v Pht v) khng c thc A li da, ch khng phi ni khng c thc th tm. - Mt na ny sai bit c ba th: 1. Tng ng vi Ng kin B c gi la. 2. Tng ng vi Php ng kin. 3. Tng ng vi Bnh ng tnh tr. Th nht: Mt na tng ng Ng kin, n tng tc trong tt c loi D sanh, a v Nh tha Hu hc, mt hng B tt ang cn a v Tm hu lu t Tht a tr li, cc a v thc Mt na thng duyn thc A li da khi ln ng kin B c gi la (tc nhn ng chp). Th hai: Mt na tng ng Php ng kin, n tng tc trong tt c loi D sanh, Thanh vn, Duyn gic, v mt hng B tt cn a v m tr ca php khng khng hin tin (tr thnh tu c do qun php khng. Khi tr ny cha hin ra c, gi l khng hin tin). cc cc a v ny thc Mt na thng duyn thc D thc m khi ln php chp. Th ba: Mt na tng ng Bnh ng tnh tr, n tng tc trong tt c Nh Lai v B tt a v Kin o v Tu o c tr qu php khng hin tin. cc a v ny thc Mt na thng duyn vi thc D thc hoc V cu tnh thc m khi ln tr Bnh ng tnh. - Khi a v c B c gi la Ng kin khi ln th cng c Php ng kin hin tin. V ng chp chc chn nng php chp m khi. Nh ang m v c lm tng c th mi tng ra l ngi. Ng kin, Php kin tuy tc dng khc nhau nhng khng tri nhau, ng nng mt Tu tm s. V nh nhn thc, th tuy l mt (d Tu tm s) nhng c nhiu tc dng thy sc xanh, vng v.v... m khng tri nhau.

Nh tha Hu hc v khi c Thnh o hoc Dit nh hin tin, B tt n ng a v tu o v B tt tim ng sau khi t Nh tha Hu hc hi tm, nu c c tr qu hin tin, do ng l sanh khng, th cc a v ny, ch khi php chp, v y ng chp b bp. Nh tha V hc v hi tm tim ng B tt, khi tr qu php khng khng hin tin, th cng ch khi ln php chp, v y ng chp dt sch. Cc B tt t Bt a tr ln d n ng hay tim ng, ng chp vnh vin khng cn hin hnh, hoc v dt sch, hoc v bp. Nu khi tr qu php khng hin tin th d Bt a tr ln, vn cn khi php chp, v tr qu sanh khng v php chp khng tri nhau. Nh Kh kinh ni: B tt t Bt a tr ln, tt c phin no khng cn hin hnh, ch c s tri chng l ch nng ca ng chp th ang cn". S tri chng y l hin hnh s tri ch khng phi chng t s tri. Nu khng vy, cn chng t s tri th cng c th ang cn chng t phin no. Mt na tng ng vi php chp i vi Nh tha tuy gi l khng nhim, nhng i vi B tt n vn gi l nhim, v n lm chng ngi tr php khng ca B tt. Do cng gi Mt na B tt a l hu ph v k. Cn i vi Nh tha th gi n l v ph v k, v php chp khng chng ngi tr sanh khng ca Nh tha. Mt na ny nhip vo D thc sanh, v t thc D thc hng thi sanh khi, cho nn gi l D thc sanh, m khng phi D thc qu. Tn D thc sanh ny c dng ch chung tt c nhng Tm tm s khng phi l chn D thc, cng nh danh t tng thng duyn, l ch cho nhng g khng nhip vo Nhn duyn, ng v gin duyn, S duyn duyn th thu nhip c vo Tng thng duyn. (29) Lm sao bit thc th by ny c t th ring ngoi nhn thc v.v...? Do Thnh gio v Chnh l lm nh lng m bit. Ngha l c Bt gi phm (Pht) trong cc kinh ni v tm, v thc vi ba ngha khc nhau. Tp nhm v khi ln gi l tm, t lng gi l , liu bit gi l thc. Ba ngha tuy chung c tm thc u c, nhng ty mt tri hn m hin th khc nhau. Thc th tm gi l tm, v n nhm tp chng t cc php v khi ln cc php. Thc th by gi l , v n duyn Tng thc hng thm t lng Tng thc m chp lm ng. Cn su thc kia gi l thc, v n liu bit ring theo su cnh th ng gin on khc nhau. Nh bi tng trong kinh Nhp Lng gi ni: Tng thc gi l tm, Tnh t lng gi l , Liu bit tng cc cnh, Chung gi l thc. Li nhiu ni trong kinh i tha ni c thc th by ring, cho nn y ni c ring (khng phi nh Tiu tha ni thc th su khi tri v qu kh thi gi l , ch

khng c thc th by ring). Cc kinh i tha l ch gio lng. Trc ni rng cho nn y khng chng minh. Trong kinh Gii Thot cng ni ring thc th by. Nh bi Tng ni: Nhim thng c, Cc hoc cng sanh dit, Nu gii thot cc hoc, Chng phi , s c. Kinh kia t gii thch bi Tng rng: C nhim t v th li, cng vi bn phin no hng cng sanh, cng dit, l ng kin, ng i, ng mn v ng si. Khi c o i tr, dt sch phin no th ny t c gii thot. By gi phin no tng ng vi ny, khng phi ch trong hin ti khng c, m cng khng c lun trong qu kh v v lai. V qu kh, v lai l v t tnh. Cc Thnh gio nh th, cc b u c, s nhm chn dng i, cho nn y khng thut ht. (30) - Trn y dn Thnh gio, by gi s hin by Chnh l. (C su l l: Hng hnh v minh, lm duyn sanh thc, t lng gi , nh v tm sai khc, tri V tng nhim, ba tnh nhim): 1. Nh Kh kinh ni: "Bt cng v minh vi t hng thng hin hnh, che lp ngha chn tht" (ngha chn tht tc l chn nh do hai khng hin l). Nu khng c thc th by ny th Bt cng v minh kia khng c (v khng c ch nng). Ngha l hng D sanh trong tt c phn v thin c, v k hng khi ln Bt cng v minh m l, lm che lp ngha chn tht, che mt tu ca bc Thnh, nh bi Tng ni: Tm chn ngha sp sanh, N thng lm chng ngi, Cng i trong mi phn (trong mi tm thin c v l), Gi Bt cng v minh Cho nn Kh kinh ni: "Loi D sanh thng trong m di b v minh che m, say m buc tm cha tng tnh gic". Nu ni a v D sanh c khi tm khng khi v minh bt cng tc l tri vi ngha kinh va ni. V nu cng a v loi D sanh m v minh m l c hin hnh khng hin hnh, l khng ng l.

Nu ni v minh bt cng ny da ni thc th su th khng c. V v minh ny nu da thc th su th n nh thc th su c gin on, v thc th su nh v minh ny hng nhim. Nu chp nhn c Mt na th khng c li ny. Nhim hng tng ng vi bn phin no trong c v minh cng khi, sao ring v minh li gi l bt cng? C ba kin: a. C kin cho rng Mt na tng ng vi ng kin, ng mn, ng i, ba th ny khng phi l cn bn phin no, ch ring v minh l cn bn nn gi l bt cng, th c li g? b. C kin cho rng kia ni l tri vi gio l; v trong cc ty phin no thun ty khng h ni n kin, mn, i l ty phin no, v ba th kin, mn, i ny nhip thuc trong mi cn bn phin no. Ni ni u ni nhim thng tng ng vi bn phin no, nn ni trong bn th , v minh l ch, nn tuy n c cng khi vi ba th kia cng c gi v minh l bt cng. T i v th thng hn m bn trong, cha tng tnh gic u do c si (v minh) tng mnh hn. hi: - Vy si ny cng khi vi kin, mn, i, th nn gi l tng ng? p: - Nu khi khi ln m th no lm ch, th cng gi n l bt cng, nh v minh, cng khng c li g. c. C kin cho rng si ny gi l bt cng, v ch thc Mt na ny c, ch cc thc khc khng c, nh mi tm php bt cng ca Pht. Hi: - Nu vy th nhng phin no ch tng ng vi cc thc khc, trong thc Mt na ny khng c n, th cng gi phin no l bt cng hay sao? Khng, ch nng theo ngha th thng m lp tn bt cng, ch khng phi theo ngha khng, hoc c trong thc ny hoc trong thc kia m gi l bt cng. Ngha l v minh tng ng vi thc th by, t v th thng hin hnh lm chng ngi tr chng chn ngha (tr chng chn nh). Tc dng y rt mnh m cc thc khc khng c, cho nn ch ring v minh thc Mt na ny mi gi l bt cng. Hi: - vy th ba th kin, mn, i cng khi vi n cng nn gi l bt cng? p: - Khng, v v minh ny l ch, nn c ring gi l bt cng. Hoc chp nhn ba th kia khi lm ch cng c gi l bt cng, nay ch i vi cc th si tng ng vi cc thc khc m ni si tng ng vi Mt na ny l bt cng v minh. - Bt cng v minh tm c hai th: a. Hng hnh bt cng v minh - cc thc kia khng c, ch c thc Mt na. b. c hnh bt cng v minh - thc Mt na ny khng c, ch c thc th su.

Cho nn Lun Du gi ni v minh c hai: Nu n cng tham, sn v.v... ng khi, gi l c hnh v minh. Nu l ch c hnh v minh th ch do kin o on tr. Nh Kh kinh ni: "Bc Thnh Hu hc dt hn bt cng (c hnh) v minh, nn khng to nghip mi. Cn nu c hnh v minh m khng phi ch th cng do tu o dt tr, v n cng phn, hn v.v... tng ng th u thng do kin o tu o on tr. Hng hnh bt cng v minh (v minh thc th by) th cc b phi Tiu tha khng c; cn c hnh bt cng v minh (v minh thc th su) th c i, tiu tha u c n. 2. Li Kh kinh ni: "Nhn v sc lm duyn, pht sanh nhn thc, rng ni cho n v php lm duyn pht sanh thc". Nu khng c Mt na, th ( v php) kia khng c. Ngha l nh ng thc phi c nhn, nh cn v.v... lm cu hu y tng thng ring bit. thc l nhip thuc trong su thc, th phi nn chp nhn thc cn c s y nh vy, nhng nu Mt na khng c th s y ca thc kia u c. Khng th ni sc (tm khi tht) lm ch nng cho thc, v khng phi sc. thc nu nng sc th nh nm thc (ch c t tnh phn bit) ch khng c hai th phn bit l ty nim v k t. Cng khng th ni nm thc khng c Cu hu y. Nm thc cng nm cn cng lc sanh khi nh mm v bng (mm nng ht ging m c, mm v ht ging cng lc c, nh nng hnh m hin, nh v hnh cng c mt lc). Li thc v cn phi cng duyn mt cnh, v nh Tm Tm s quyt nh cng khi. - Do l l ny, phi cng nhn (cc thnh) thc cng nh nhn thc v.v... phi c ch nng ring v theo nng m t tn ch nng khng phi nhip thuc ng v gin duyn m l Cu hu y Tng thng duyn. V cng nhn (cc thnh) su thc, mi thc u thuc mt cn. 3. Li Kh kinh ni: "T lng gi l " . Nu khng c thc Mt na ny th t lng kia khng c. Ngha l nu khi thc hin tin, ng v gin dit khng cn na, v qu kh, v lai l khng c, th ci tc dng t lng kia chc khng thnh c, lm sao kinh ni t lng gi l ? Nu cho l gi ni th cng khng ng. Khng c s t lng chnh thc th gi t lng nng vo u m c c. Nu bo thc trc khi hin ti, tng c t lng nay tuy dit cng gi l , nhng by gi gi l Thc ch u gi l c. - Cho nn bit ring c thc Mt na th by hng thm t lng, chnh danh l . Hoc nng ni thc th by m gi lp ng v gin dit, tn l . 4. Li Kh kinh ni: "V tng v Dit nh, nu khng c nhim ny th hai nh ny khng khc nhau". Ngha l hai nh ny u dit su thc v cc Tm s ca n. S tm th c dit thnh hai nh ging nhau. Nu khng c vic nhim c mt trong tng v nh v khng c mt trong Dit nh th hai nh c g khc nhau? Nu bo khi tu gia hnh

nng ni ba ci, chn a, thn cn hai bn khc nhau, nn hai nh khc nhau th cng khng ng; v chnh nguyn nhn lm cho khc nhau ny l do c th Mt na. Thc Mt na nu khng c th nguyn nhn lm cho hai nh khc nhau kia cng khng c. Cho nn quyt nh phi c ring Mt na ny. 5. Li Kh kinh ni: "Loi hu tnh ci tri V tng sut trong mt i dt ht khng cn su thc Tm, Tm s. Nu khng c thc Mt na ny th loi hu tnh kia c th l khng cn b nhim". Ngha l hu tnh kia trong thi gian lu di khng c su chuyn thc, nu cng khng c thc Mt na ny th cu sanh ng chp cng khng. Khng th ni no li c loi hu tnh c mi iu rng buc, m trong mt i ca h hon ton khng c ng chp. Nu ci tri kia khng c ng chp th ging nh Nit bn, lm sao h li b Thnh hin ch trch? - Nu chp ng ca tri V tng sau mt na s bn kip mi dit, lc na hu bn kip mi c, nn khng b li nh trn. Nu ni vy, th gia khong trung gian di 499 kip m khng c ng chp th nh Nit bn, l c li. - Nu ni qu kh v v lai c ng chp, nn khng b li ? Nhng c qu kh v li kia chng phi hin ti chng phi hng nh Nit bn, l c li. Thng th ng nh khng c ng chp. Li, qu D thc v tng s c khng, th hu tnh nng c v tng bo cng khng. D thc v tng l php Bt tng ng, n l gi lp, trc kia bc ri. Tng thc khng c th vic hun tp cng khng; cn ni cc php khc khng phi Tng thc m th hun ( tr thnh D thc v tng) iu phi l, bin ri. Cho nn cn c c ring thc Mt na nhim hng khi ng chp trong khi sanh ci tri V tng. Do Thnh Hin ng ch bai tri V tng . 6. Li Kh kinh ni: "Loi D sanh trong lc c tm thin, nhim hoc v k, lun lun c mang theo ng chp. Nu khng c thc Mt na th ng chp y khng c". Ngha l loi D sanh trong khi tm c ba tnh thin, c v k khi ln, tuy bn ngoi khi to cc nghip m bn trong hng chp ng. Do chp ng nn d su thc c khi ln vic b th v.v... cng khng th vong tng. Nn lun Du gi ni: "Nhim Mt na l ch nng cho su thc, khi Mt na nhim cha dit th s buc rng ca Tng phn v Kin phn trong su thc khng c gii thot.Khi Mt na nhim dit ri th rng buc ca cnh tng c gii thot". Ni s rng buc ca cnh tng l ni do nhim m su thc i vi cnh tng khng th nhn r n nh s huyn, chng phi c chng phi khng, do m Kin phn v Tng phn c buc cht cht nhau khng c t ti, cho nn gi l tng phc. Y theo ngha ny c bi tng: Nhim nh vy, L ch nng ca thc.

 ny khi cha dit, Thc b buc kh thot. Li trong lc tm thin hoc v ph v k, nu khng c thc th by chp ng th tm thin v v k khng phi l hu lu. V cc phin no tng ng vi su thc trong t thn hu tnh khng cng khi ln vi tm thin hoc v ph v k kia. Nu bo do duyn phin no ca qu kh, v lai lm duyn tri buc m thnh hu lu th l khng th c c, v khng th do phin no ca ngi khc m lm cho ngi ny thnh hu lu, cng nh khng th do ngi khc gii thot m lm cho ngi ny thnh v lu. Li khng th ni ngoi Tm, Tm s ring c ty min l php Bt tng ng hnh un tng tc khi ln trong khi c tm thin v v ph v k, lm cho tm thin v v ph v k tr thnh hu lu, v th ty min khng tht c, iu c cc hnh. Li cng khng th ni t chng t hu lu sanh ra tm thin v v ph v k kia, cho nn tm thin v v ph v k kia tr thnh hu lu. V hu lu do Mt na cho nn, nu khng c Mt na chp ng th chng t ca tm thin v v ph v k kia trc khng c nhn khin n thnh hu lu, nn cng khng phi do chng t hu lu khin thin tm v v ph v k hin hnh thnh hu lu c. V khng th bc Hu hc tm v lu hin hnh, m v do cn chng t hu lu trc m tm v lu hin hnh cng tr thnh hu lu. Tuy hoc do phin no trong su thc dn khi ra vic b th, nhng phin no ny d qua mt khng cn cng khi vi vic b th, cho nn phin no khng phi l nhn chnh ca hu lu. V ch "hu lu" l biu th vic b th vi lu cng sanh khi mt ln ( ni ch do Mt na chp ng cng sanh vi vic b th v.v... mi gi l hu lu). Li nghip v k khng do phin no dn pht, ti sao n li thnh hu lu? ( ni v c Mt na chp ng, cho nn n thnh hu lu). Nhng cc hu lu l do Mt na chp ng cng vi hin hnh phin no trong t thn, cng sanh cng dit, lm tng ch cho nhau, mi thnh hu lu, do hun thnh chng t php hu lu, sau hin khi ln, l ngha ca hu lu. Ni loi D sanh vy, ni hng Hu hc cng vy. Hu lu hng V hc (V hc cn D thc thc) tuy khng phi cng khi vi thc th by hu lu, nhng t chng t hu lu trc kia khi ln, cho nn thnh hu lu. Nh vy th i vi l khng tri. - Do c Mt na hng khi chp ng mi lm cho php thin v v ph v k thnh hu lu. Mt na ny nu khng th hu lu kia quyt khng c. Cho nn bit ring c thc th by ny.

Chng minh c thc Mt na, l l rt nhiu. y theo cc ngha nhip thuc l i tha lc thut su , nhng ngi c tr nn theo tin hc. - Nhng c kinh trong ch ni su thc, nn bit kinh ni l theo phng din l ty chuyn. Hoc theo ch nng l su cn m ni su thc. Nhng thc loi ring bit tht c tm th. (31)

---o0o--XI. THC BIN HIN TH BA

Nh vy ni thc nng bin th hai. Thc nng bin th ba, tng n th no? Tng ni: Thc nng bin th ba, Sai bit c su thc, Tnh tng l bit cnh, Thin, bt thin, v k. Lun rng: "Tip theo thc t lng nng bin th hai, nn hin r tng ca thc liu cnh nng bin. Thc ny sai bit tm c su th, ty theo su cn, su cnh, chng loi khc nhau, gi l nhn thc cho n thc, ty theo cn m t tn. Cn c nm ngha, l y cn, pht cn, thuc cn, tr cn, nh cn. Tuy su thc u nng Mt na m sanh khi, nhng thc th su theo ch nng ring ca n l Mt na m t tn l thc, v nh nm thc, khng b li xen lm. Hoc n ch nng ni cho nn gi l thc. y l bin bit su thc nng su cn m t tn, cn tm th tm, th by th khng theo l ny. Hoc gi l sc thc cho n php thc, l theo cnh t tn thun vi thc. Ngha l i vi su cnh, liu bit gi l thc. Nm thc l sc thc, thanh thc v.v... th ch liu bit sc cnh, thanh cnh v.v... cn php thc th liu bit khp tt c php. Hoc v thc liu bit php, nn gi l Php thc. Cho nn tn gi su thc, khng b li xen lm. Trc l theo cn m t tn su thc, cn sau y l theo cnh m t tn su thc, u l da ni nm sc cn khi cha c t ti m ni, Nu khi c t ti th cc cn dng chung ln nhau, mt cn pht sanh thc duyn c tt c cnh, nhng vn ty theo cn m gi tn th khng c li xen lm.

Lun Trang Nghim ni: "Nm cn ca c Nh Lai, mi cn u duyn nm cnh". y l theo cnh ng loi (tnh cnh) th hin (nm trn) m ni ( ni nm trn th hin cch ngi m mt cn pht thc cn duyn c c, hung php trn v hnh m khng duyn c). Kinh Pht a ni: "Tr thnh s tc ca Pht quyt trch c tm hnh sai bit ca hu tnh khi ln ba nghip gio ha v bn th k p". Nu nm cn ca Pht khng duyn cng khp th khng c kh nng y. - Nhng cn s y v cnh s duyn ca su chuyn thc th hin d thy r, cho nn y khng ni. Trc y theo ngha thun tin ni cn s y, cn ngha ca cnh s duyn khi gp ngha thun tin s ni. - Cu tng th hai ni "Tnh tng l bit cnh", l hin th c t tnh v hnh tng ca su thc. Su thc ly s liu bit cnh lm t tnh, cng li dng s liu bit cnh lm hnh tng. Do cu tng gii thch chung c hai tn, v n liu bit cnh nn gi l thc. Nh Kh kinh ni: "Nhn thc th no? l thc nng nhn cn liu bit cc sc. Ni rng cho n thc th no? l thc nng ni cn liu bit cc php." Kinh kia ch ni ch nng ring ca su thc vi kin phn v cnh s duyn ca n, khi a v cha chuyn y, cn khi a v chuyn y th cn s y v cnh s liu ca su thc chung thng nh trc ni. - Su chuyn thc ny nhip thuc v tnh no? Nhip thuc c ba tnh l thin, bt thin v cu phi. Cu phi tc l v k, chng phi thin v bt thin. Kh nng lm cho thun l phi v c li ch i ny, i sau th gi l thin; cn lc qu ca n ci Ngi, ci Tri, tuy thun l phi v c li ch i ny nhng khng phi li ch i sau, nn khng gi l thin. Kh nng lm tri l phi v tn hi i ny, i sau th gi l bt thi; cn kh qu ca n ci c tuy tri l phi v tn hi i ny, nhng khng phi tn hi i sau, nn khng phi bt thin. Lng chng gia thin, bt thin, li ch v tn hi khng r rng, th gi l v k. Su chuyn thc ny nu tng ng vi mi mt php nh Tn, Tm, Qy v.v... th nhip thuc tnh thin, nu tng ng vi mi php nh V tm, V qu v.v... l nhip thuc v tnh bt thin. Cn khng tng ng vi c hai th trn l nhip thuc v tnh v k. - C kin cho rng ba tnh ca su thc khng khi ng khi, v su thc ng chuyn hng ra bn ngoi, ba tnh thng tri nhau; v nm thc phi do thc o dn, ng thi sanh khi, ng duyn theo cnh, mi thnh thin hoc nhim.. Nu chp nhn nm thc c ba tnh cng hin hnh, vy thi lc by gi ng cu thc cng phi thng c ba tnh, bn tri chnh l. Cho nn quyt nh ba tnh khng cng khi mt ln.

Nhng lun Du gi v.v... ni: " Tng thc mt lc cng vi cc chuyn thc tng ng c ba tnh m nht thi khi ln", nht thi y l da theo ngha thc tri qua nhiu nim m ni. Nh ni "nht tm", khng phi l ni ch trong mt ln sanh dit, nn khng c li tri nhau. - C kin cho rng su thc u c ba tnh, v nm thc sut nh v ng lu hoc nhiu hoc t cng khi ln. Li nm thc v thc tuy cng sanh khi, nhng tnh thin, c khng hn ng nhau. Trn kia ct nn ni: "Nm thc phi do thc o dn" n y tr thnh ung cng. Cho nn lun Du gi ni nh ngi nhp nh, khi gp duyn ca ting khnh m ra nh, l nh thc vi thin thc c nh tng ng cng khi ln, ch khng phi ch mt mnh thc tng ng vi nh kia m c th tip nhn c ting khnh . Nu khng c nh thc, th i vi m thanh ny mt mnh thc khng lnh th c, khng th xut nh cng khng phi khi tip nhn m thanh l xut nh ngay. Sau khi lnh th m thanh ri, nu c hy vng, sau mi xut nh. Khi trong nh, nh thc sut nh nghe m thanh, chng phi thin. V khi cha chuyn y, d tm sut nh, tm y ch l v k. Do chng minh ng cu thc khng nht nh l ng tnh thin vi nm thc. Cc ch khc ch ni: Ng cu thc cng duyn nm cnh nh nm thc, nh khng ni ng nhau. Lun Tp Tp ni: "Trong a v ng dn (nh) khng c nm thc". l y theo a phn trong nh m ni. Nu trong nm thc c ba tnh ng khi, thc theo nm thc chuyn ch v cnh no th thc cng vi nm thc ng tnh . Cn khng chuyn ch th l tnh v k. Cho nn bit su chuyn thc c ba tnh (nh nhn thc duyn tng Pht, l thin, nhn hoa m tham l bt thin tnh). khi c a v t ti th nhip thuc v tnh thin, v Pht sc (tng ho cng c), Pht tm (bn tr) nhip v o (khng c bt thin), tr sch chng t h lun (chng phi v k).(32) - Su thc tng ng vi bao nhiu tm s? Tng rng: y tm s Bin hnh, Bit cnh, Thin, Phin no. Ty phin no, Bt nh, u tng ng ba th.

Lun rng: "Su chuyn thc ny chung cng tng ng vi su v Tm s". l nm Bin hnh, nm Bit cnh, mi mt thin, su cn bn phin no, hai mi Ty phin no, bn Bt nh. Thng nng tm khi, tng ng vi tm, h thuc theo tm, cho nn gi l Tm s. Nh vt g thuc ca ta, gi l ng s. Tm i vi cnh s duyn ch nhn ly tng chung, Tm s cn nhn ly tng ring, gip thnh vic ca tm, nn c gi l Tm s. Nh thy tr th v, thy lm m hnh tr t mu sc. Cho nn lun Du gi ni: "Thc" c kh nng liu bit tng chung ca s vt. Tc c kh nng liu bit cc tng, cha liu bit ca thc Tm vng, tc c ngha cc Tm s nhn bit tng ring. Xc c kh nng liu bit cc tng kh v.v... ca thc Tm vng. Th c kh nng liu bit cc tng nhip th ca thc Tm vng. Tng c kh nng liu bit cc tng nhip th ca thc Tm vng. Tng c kh nng liu bit tng nhn ca ngn thuyt (ngn thuyt nhn) ca thc Tm vng. T c kh nng liu bit cc tng chnh nhn c thc Tm vng. Cho nn tc , xc v.v... gi l Tm s php. Ch "" l biu th Tm s cng duyn tng chung ca Tm vng (ch khng phi ch duyn tng ring m thi). Ch khc li ni "Dc" cng c kh nng liu bit tng ca cc vic kh lc ca thc Tm vng. Thng gii cng c kh nng liu bit tng ca cc vic quyt nh ca thc Tm vng. Nim cng c kh nng liu bit tng ca cc vic tp quen ca thc Tm vng. nh, tu cng c kh nng liu tng ca cc vic c, tht ca thc Tm vng. Do th mi c th i vi cnh khi ln cc Tm s thin hoc nhim, v i vi cnh duyn cng u nhn bit c tng ring. Tuy cc Tm s c danh v ngha khng khc, nhng theo chng loi sai bit chia lm su v, l: Bin hnh c nm, Bit cnh c nm, Thin c mi mt, Phin no c su, Ty phin no c hai mi, Bt nh c bn. Nh vy su v cng l 51 Tm s.

Trong tt c tm u c, nn gi l tm s Bin hnh. Duyn ring mi cnh m sanh khi, nn gi l tm s Bit cnh. Ch trong thin tm mi c sanh khi, nn gi l tm s Thin. Tnh nhip thuc v phin no cn bn, nn gi l tm s Phin no. Ch l tnh ng lu ca phin no cn bn, nn gi l tm s Ty phin no. Thin hay nhim khng r rt nht nh, nn gi l tm s Bt nh. Nhng lun Du gi hp su v lm nm, v Phin no v Ty phin no chung li u l nhim. Li dng bn mn nht thit bin bit nm v sai khc. Bn nht thit l nht thit tnh (thin, c, v k) nht thit a (ba ci, chn a), nht thit thi (hu tm v tm, hu lu, v lu), nht thit cu (tm Tm vng). Trong nm v, Bin hnh c bn nht thit. Bit cnh ch c hai nht thit u. Thin ch c mt, l nht thit a. Nhim th khng c bn nht thit, Bt nh ch c mt, l nht thit tnh. Do nm v c chng loi sai khc. - Su chuyn thc ny thay i khng nh cho nn c th tng ng vi c ba th. V su thc u c th lnh th cnh thun, nghch v cu phi. Khi lnh np tng ca cnh thun hp lm vui thch thn tm th gi l lc th. Lnh np tng ca cnh tri nghch lm bc bch thn tm th gi l kh th. Lnh np tng ca cnh trung dung i vi thn tm khng kh khng vui, th gi l bt kh, bt lc th.] Ba th nh th hoc mi th chia hai: Th tng ng vi nm thc, gi l thn th, v n nng ring ni thn. Th tng ng vi thc, gi l tm th, v n ch nng ni tm. - Li ba th u thng c hu lu v lu. Kh th cng do v lu khi (Khi tu v lu o tri qua gian kh cng cm th kh). Hoc ba th mi th chia lm ba: L kin s on (th tng ng vi phn bit hoc), tu s on, (th tng ng vi cu sanh hoc), phi s on (th tng ng vi v lu). Li Hc, V hc, v chng phi hai, l ba. Hoc chung c ba th li chia lm bn tnh, l tnh thin, bt thin, hu ph v k, v ph v k. - C kin cho rng c ba th, mi th u chia lm bn tnh. V Tham, Si tm s nhm vn cng vi nm thc trc ng khi ln v phin no nhm vn khi nhng

khng pht c nghip ca trong ci thun kh, l thuc tnh hu ph v k. V tnh hu ph v k u tng ng vi kh th cn. - Lun Du gi ni: "Nu tt c phin no nhm vn sanh th u c ba th hin hnh. Nu phin no y thng vi su thc trc th n tng ng khp c ba th trong tt c thc thn. Nu khng thng tt c thc thn, th phin no y ch tng ng vi tt c ba th cn ni a ( thc)". Lun Tp Tp ni: "Nu nhng phin no h thuc Dc gii m nhm vn sanh c hnh, th n cng l bt thin. Cn nhng phin no khng pht sanh c hnh, th n l hu ph v k". Cho nn bit ba th, kh, lc, x u c bn tnh thin, c, hu ph v k, v ph v k. Hoc chung c chia lm nm th l kh, lc, u, h, x. Trong ba th kh lc, x ring kh v lc th mi th li chia hai; v tng vui, tng kh ni thn v ni tm khc nhau, v do khng phn bit (x, lc) c phn bit (u, kh) rt nng (kh, lc) v rt nh (u, h) sai khc. Cn bt kh bt lc th khng chia hai v khng c tng kh bc thn tm, tng vui thch thn tm sai khc, v bnh ng v phn bit. Nhng s cm th vui thch tng ng vi nm thc, th thng gi l lc th; cn tng ng vi thc, nu l ci Dc, S Thin, v Nh Thin cn phn th gi l h, v ch l vui ti tm. Nu S Thin v Nh Thin cn bn nh th gi l lc v h, v s vui c thn v tm. Nu ti Tam Thin cn phn v cn bn nh th gi l lc, v y s an tnh rt ln, khng c phn bit. Nhng s cm th bc bch tng ng vi nm thc, thng c gi l kh; cn nu tng ng vi thc, c kin cho ch gi l u, v n ch bc bch tm. V cc Thnh gio ni s th lo bun ca th gi l u cn. Lun Du gi ni: "Loi hun tp sanh trong a ngc, thc D thc khng gin on, c D thc sanh, c kh v u tin lin tc khng dt. Li ni: " a ngc c tm t u (tc s ). Mt phn ng qu v bng sanh cng th". Cho nn bit thc c ci th lo bun rt nng, cn gi l u hung g cc s bc bch nh khc. C kin cho rng thc thng c hai th l u v kh. trong loi Ngi, loi Tri th thng gi l u, v s bc bch khng phi qu nng. loi bng sanh, ng qu mi gi l u v kh, v mt ng tp th, mt ng thun th c khinh c trng khc nhau. trong Ni lc ca (a ngc) ch gi l kh, v thun th kh rt nng, khng th phn bit c. - Lun Du gi ni: "Nu tt c phin no nhm vn sanh th c ba th kh, lc, x hin hnh". Ni rng nh trc.

- Li ni phin no Tt ca gia kin cu sanh (thn ng kin) ch c tnh hu ph v k. Bin chp kin nn bit cng th. Nn tng ng vi kh th th ch nhip v kh cn khng phi nhip v u cn, v Lun ni u cn chng phi l v k. - Li lun Du gi ni: "Hu tnh trong a ngc c cc cn, ngoi ra quyt nh khng thnh tu c c ba th cn hin hnh. Trong ci ng qu, bng sanh thun kh cng th". Ba th cn ni y l lc, h, u cn. V a ngc kia quyt chc c x th hin hnh, khng phi ni khng c x th trong a ngc. khng bit vn lun Du gi ch ni c x th th khng nn ni a ngc chc thnh tu cn, v Lun chp nhn a ngc su thc kia c lc khng c. Khng nn cho Lun kia ch ni x th, m cn ni chung c cc cn, v khng c nhn chi khc ch ni c x th. Li nu Lun kia y ni x th m ni, th ti sao cn ni da ngc nh thnh tu tm th cn? Nu bo nm thc trc khng tng tc nn quyt nh ni u cn l cn th tm. Nhng a v khi cht, khi sanh, v khi mun tuyt th u c u cn? C ngi cho kh cn l ch cn th tm, th b ph ng nh y Gi s chp a ngc c mt hnh th (tc nam, n cn) l cn th tm, cng khng ng l; v thn hnh a ngc bt nh; v a ngc do c nghip chiu cm, khng th c hnh (tc nam, n cn); v do c nghip khin cho nm cn lun thng th kh. Cho nn c nhn cn v.v... th n i vi mt hnh th (tc nam, n cn) u c tc dng g. Khng th no trong i a ngc V gin m c th c s mong cu vic dm dc. Do cn th tm ni y quyt nh ch cho x cn, v tht, bt hai thc c x cn tng ng vy. Nh ch rt vui, thc vui thch gi l lc, khng c h cn. Cho nn ch rt kh nh a ngc, thc b bc bch gi l kh, khng c u cn. Cho nn ni ch "ngoi ra cn ba cn" l ch cho ba cn u, h, lc (khng c a ngc). - C ch khc ni: " a ngc c ci vui ng lu". Nn bit cu ni l y theo mt l ty chuyn (chuyn l i tha m ni l Tiu tha) m ni. Hoc kia ni chung v ch c s th kh vui ln ln. V khng c D thc lc, gi thun kh. Nhng trong Thnh gio ni: "S cm th lo bun thc gi l u cn", y l y theo a phn m ni, hoc y theo mt l ty chuyn m ni, nn khng c li tri nhau. - Lun Du gi ni: "Cc loi hu tnh sanh trong a ngc, thc D thc khng gin on m c D thc sanh vi s th kh, u tng tc khng dt". Li ni: " a ngc c tm, t, u cng khi, mt phn ng qu bng sanh cng th". y cng l y theo mt l ty chuyn m ni. Li ni: "Kh cn tng ng vi thc l cng mt loi u vi cc ci kia m gi ni l u. Hoc kh cn kia tn hi thn tm, nn tuy n nhip thuc

kh cn m cng gi l u. Nh h cn phn nh v li ch cho thn tm nn tuy n l h cn m cng gi l lc". Lun Hin Dng u hin by ngha ny, nhng "v ch a", quyt nh khng c lc cn. V ni ch c 21 cn vy (ch khng c 22 cn l nhn, nh, thit, thn, , kh ,lc, u, h, x, nam cn, n cn, mng cn, tn, tn, nim, nh, tu, v tr, ng tri, d tri, c tri). Do nn bit s cm th lo bun ni m ch thun th kh, cng nhip v kh cn. Nhng Thnh gio nh th c nhiu cch ni khc nhau, s di dng nn khng thut ht. - C kin cho rng su thc khng tng ng ba th kh, lc, x. V n hng ra bn ngoi duyn cnh hay chng tri nhau. Ng cy thc ng duyn mt cnh vi nm thc trc. Nm thc trc tng ng ba th, th thc cng vy. ni th l tri chnh l. Cho nn su thc chc khng tng ng c ba th. Lun Du gi ni: "Tng thc mt lc cng vi chuyn thc tng ng ba th cng sanh khi". y l y theo nhiu nim m ni. Nh ni "nht tm" khng phi l ch ni tm mt ln sanh dit, nn khng c li tri nhau. - C kin cho rng su thc tng ng vi ba th. Trong ba cnh thun, nghch, trung dung u c cm th. thc khng nht nh cng nm thc ng cm th, khi n chuyn ch cnh no th cm th theo cnh ; cn khng chuyn ch th khi x th. Do su thc c ba th. Khi a v c t ti th ch c lc, h, x, v cc c Pht dt ht vic u v kh. - Trc lc nu su v Tm s, nay nn ni r tng sai khc ca cc Tm s y. Hai v tm s Bin hnh v Bit cnh u, tng n th no? Tng rng: Trc l Bin hnh: Xc v.v... Tip l Bit cnh: Dc, Thng gii, Nim, nh, Tu. Cnh s duyn khng ng.

Lun rng : Trong su v Tm s, v u tin l Bin hnh tm s tc l nm th xc, tc, v.v... nh trc ni rng. Nn bit tng ca Bin hnh ny th no? Do gio v l lm nh lng bit. Trong y v "gio" l, nh Kh kinh ni: "Nhn v sc lm duyn sanh ra nhn thc. Ba th ha hp li l "xc", cng sanh theo xc c "th", "tng", "t" cho n ni rng". Do xc y v.v... bin khp bn th nn gi l Bin hnh. Li Kh kinh ni: "Nu cn khng h hoi v cnh gii hin tin, ngay lc tc khi ln, mi sanh ra thc". Cc kinh khc li ni: "Nu li ni cnh khi tc th chnh c liu bit th chnh tc . Cho nn hai th tc v liu bit thng chung ha hp, cho n ni rng". Do tc cng l Bin hnh. Nhng "Thnh gio" nh th, lm chng khng t. Cn v "l" l, khi thc khi phi c ba s ha hp, do ba ha hp quyt nh sanh ra "Xc" m ba s ha hp li phi do xc mi c. Nu khng c xc th Tm v Tm s php khng th ha hp ni mt cnh. Tc c kh nng dn tm khin i n cnh ca chnh n. Nu khng c tc , th tm khng th c. Th c kh nng lnh np cnh thun, nghch, trung dung, khin tm khi ln tng vui, lo v x, v khng khi no tm khi ln m li khng ty theo mt tng no trong . Tng c kh nng an lp phn hn ranh gii ca t cnh, nu khi tm khi ln m khng c "tng" ny th khng th nm c phn ranh gii ca cnh. T c kh nng khin tm nm tng chnh nhn, t nhn, to tc nghip thin c. Khng khi no a v c tm khi ln m khng theo mt nghip, cho nn phi c "T". Do chng bit nm php xc, tc, v.v... h tm khi ln l c n, nn gi n l Bin hnh. Ngoi ra, khng phi Bin hnh, khi gp n ngha y s ni: - Tip n, Bit cnh tm s l "Dc" .. "Tu". V cnh s duyn ca n phn nhiu khng ging nhau, nn trong su v tm s, n c ni tip theo v tm s Bin hnh th nht. Dc l th no? L tnh hy vng i vi cnh vui, va c nghip dng lm ch nng cho "cn" (sing nng). - C kin cho rng c vui l cnh ng a thch, i vi vic ng a thch c hy vng thy mun nghe.

Hi: i vi vic ng chn th ch mun n ng hp li, hy vng n xa ra m ng hp li, l ring c t th ca s hn thch hp li ch khng phi hy cu vic ng chn m khi hy vng. Cho nn ni cnh ng chn v cnh trung dung khng a, khng chn, th ch mt b khng dc. Vy khi duyn vic ng a thch, nu khng hy vng th cng khng c tm dc khi hay sao? - C kin cho rng c vui l i vi cnh c s cu mong. Vi vic ng thch th mong hp, vi vic ng chn th mong la, u c s hy vng; cn i vi cnh trung dung th ch mt mc khng dc (khng mong mun). Khi duyn vic ng a, ng chn, nu khng mong cu, th cng khng c dc khi. - C kin cho rng c vui l mun qun st cnh. i vi vic nu mun qun st th c mong cu, nu khng mun qun st, th c ty theo ni tnh th ca cnh m nhm vn duyn, tc hon ton khng dc (khng mong cu). Do l l y m Dc khng phi l tm s Bin hnh. - C thuyt cho rng phi do nng lc ca cnh hy vng, cc Tm, Tm s mi tip nhn cnh. Cho nn kinh ni: "Dc l gc cc php" (nn Dc l tm s Bin hnh). - Kia ni th khng ng. Tm tip nhn cnh l do tc , v cc Thnh gio ni: "Khi tc hin tin th sanh ra cc thc", ch cha tng c ch no ni: "Dc sanh ra Tm, Tm s". Nh ni: "Dc l gc ca cc php", l mun ni t Dc mi khi to cc s nghip. Hoc ni thin dc th pht sanh chnh cn, do gip thnh mi vic thin. Cho nn lun ni "Dc" c cng dng lm ch nng cho "Cn". Thng gii l th no? L tnh tin tng n tr i vi cnh quyt nh, v c nghip dng khng th b li ko lay chuyn. Ngha l do sc chng minh ca gio l hoc t hoc chnh m i vi cnh nhn bit, thm nh, quyt on, n tr, khng b duyn g khc li ko lay chuyn. Cho nn nu i vi cnh ang do d, th hon ton khng c thng gii. Tm khng thm nh, quyt on th khng c thng gii. Do thng gii khng nhip vo tm s Bin hnh. - C thuyt cho rng khi Tm nm bt t cnh khng cu chp chng ngi, th u c thng gii. Kia n phi l. V sao? V khng lm chng ngi chnh l cc php, khng b chng ngi chnh l cc tm; cn lm duyn tng thng cho Tm v Tm s pht khi, th l cn v tc . Nu do thng gii m duyn tng thng pht khi, th thng gii li phi i c ci duyn khc mi pht khi, bn mc phi li v cng. Nim l th no? L tnh khin Tm ghi nh r rng khng qun i vi vic tng tp quen, v c nghip dng lm ch nng cho nh. Ngha l thng ghi nh vic tip th khng qun mt, nh dn n nh. Cn i vi th loi cnh cha tng tip th m khng th nh r th nim cng khng sanh. Cho nn nim khng nhip vo tm s Bin hnh.

- C thuyt cho rng khi Tm khi ln l c nim cng khi, lm nhn cho s ghi nh v sau. Ni th khng ng. V khng th trc c si hoc tn v.v... cng khi vi Tm lm nhn ri sau mi c si, tn. nhng do Tm, Tm s lc trc hoc do th lc ca tng cng lm nhn cho s ghi nh lc sau. nh l th no? l tnh i vi cnh s qun lm cho Tm chuyn ch khng tn lon v c nghip dng lm ch nng cho tr. Ngha l qun cnh c, mt, trung dung, nh nh khin tm chuyn ch vo cnh khng tn lon. Nng ni bn c tr la chn pht sanh. Ni "tm chuyn ch" l hin th tm mun tr u th lin tr c, ch khng phi ch tr duy nht mt cnh. Nu khng th, a v kin o qun khp cc l ci trn ci di cnh trc sau khc nhau, th khng th c ng tr (nh). Nu khng buc tm chuyn ch vo cnh th nh khng khi c, cho nn nh khng phi tm s Bin hnh. - C thuyt cho rng, khi n khng buc tm chuyn ch vo cnh cng c nh khi, ch v tng n vi n kh thy Nn n l tm s Bin hnh). Nn ni li ng tht rng, nn bo nh c th khin cho Tm v Tm s ha hp ng hng n mt cnh, m cho l Bin hnh, cng khng ng l; v khin Tm, Tm s ha hp l tc dng ca xc. Cn nu bo nh khin tm trong mt khonh khc st na khng thay i cnh duyn, nn n nhip thuc vo Bin hnh, cng khng ng l; v tm trong mt khonh khc st na t n khng thay i i vi cnh duyn (ch u phi do nh m tm khng thay i). Cn nu ni do nh m tm nm bt cnh s duyn, nn nh nhip v Bin hnh, cng khng ng l; v chnh tc mi khin tm bt cnh s duyn, ch u phi nh Tm s. Li c thuyt cho rng th ca nh chnh l tm, v kinh ni nh hc l tm hc; li ni nh c tnh khin tm chuyn nht ni mt cnh. Dn kinh lm chng nh th khng ng; v nh nh nhip tm, khin tm chuyn nht mtt cnh, nn ni nh vy. nh nhip vo nm cn, nm lc, by gic chi, tm o chi, nh nim, tu v.v... ch khng phi nh chnh l tm. Tu l th no? L tnh gin bit la chn i vi qun st, v c nghip dng dt nghi. Ngha l qun cnh c, mt, trung dung, nh tu suy tm m i n quyt nh. V trong khi i vi cnh khng phi qun st, th tm ngu mui khng gin trch suy tm, cho nn tu khng nhip vo Bin hnh. - C thuyt cho rng by gi trong tm ngu mui cng c tu sanh khi, ch v tng n vi n t nh mt t vt rt nh b vo trong ci rt ln lm sao bit n l c. V trong lun i Php ni: "N l i a php". - Cc b lun i Php qua li ni mu thun nhau, lm sao cc ng c chp lm nh lng? Ch c xc, tc thy nm th, kinh ni l Bin hnh thi; cn ni mi i a php th khng phi kinh ni, ch nn c chp.

Nhng dc, thng gii v.v... khng phi l xc, tc v.v... nn quyt khng phi l Bin hnh. Nh tm s Tn, tm Tham v.v... khng phi Bin hnh. - C kin cho rng nm th dc, thng gii v.v... gip ln nhau, ty khi mt th khi, l phi c bn th kia. - C kin cho n khng nht nh nh th. Lun Du gi ni: "Nm Tm s Bit cnh ny khng c hai nht thit thi, nht thit tm ca trong bn th nht thit". (thm nht thit tnh, nht thit a thnh bn). - Li ni nm th Bit cnh ny duyn theo bn cnh m sanh. V s duyn hay nng duyn, khng nht dnh cng khi, nn ni nm th y c khi ch khi ln mt, ngha l i cnh ng vui, ch khi tm hy vng (dc); hoc i vi cnh quyt nh, ch khi tm n gii (thng gii); hoc i vi cnh tng tp quen ch khi tm ghi nh (nim); hoc i vi cnh s qun ch khi tm chuyn ch (nh). Nghi l loi ngu mui v mun ngn tm tn lon, tuy c chuyn ch vo cnh s duyn nhng khng th la chn suy tm. i u bit hng ngi c nh m khng c tu. V hng kia a v gia hnh c cht t nghe, suy ngh, cho nn ni a v ng tr (nh) duyn cnh s qun. Hoc da a phn nh tu cng c cho nn ni a v ng tr duyn cnh s qun. Nh ci tri H vong (tri Dc gii) chuyn ch vo mt cnh khi ln tm tham, sn, l c nh m khng c tu, cc loi nh th rt nhiu. Hoc i vi cnh s qun ch khi tm gin trch; ngha l ch dong rui tm cu, ch khng chuyn ch ( ch c tu khng c nh). Hoc c khi khi hai tm Bit cnh mt ln, l khi i vi cnh ng a v cnh quyt nh, m khi ln tm dc v tm thng gii. Hoc i vi cnh ng a v cnh tng tp quen, m khi ln tm dc v nim. C nh th cho n i vi cnh ng a m khi ln tm nh v tu. Hip li c mi hai trng hp khi hai tm Bit cnh. Hoc c khi khi ln ba tm, l i vi cnh ng a, quyt nh v tp quen, m khi ln tm dc, thng gii v nim. Nh vy cho n i vi cnh tng qun st khi ln tm nim, nh, tu. Hp li c mi ba trng hp khi ba tm Bit cnh. Hoc c khi khi ln bn tm, l i vi cnh ng a, quyt nh, tp quen v qun st m khi ln tm dc, thng gii, nim nh. Nh vy cho n i vi cnh quyt nh, tp quen v qun st m khi ln bn tm dc, thng gii, nim, nh. Hp li c nm trng hp mt lc khi ln bn tm. - Hoc c khi khi nm tm, l khi i vi cnh ng a, quyt nh, tp quen, qun st m khi ln nm tm s Bit cnh. Nh vy i vi bn trng hp khi ln nm tm s Bit cnh tng bit hp li c ba mi mt trng hp.

Hoc khi a v hu tm, c nm tm s Bit cnh u khng khi. Nh lc khng phi bn cnh, sut nh tm v nm Bit cnh tng ng vi Tng thc. Loi ny khng phi mt. thc th by, th tm, ty tng a v m hoc c hoc khng nm tm s Bit cnh, nh trc ni. Cn thc th su, cc a v u c , d khi chuyn y hay cha chuyn y u khng ngn ngi. - C kin cho rng nm thc khng c nm Bit cnh. V nm thc duyn cnh c trc mt nn khng c hy vng (dc). V n khng c kh nng thm xt quyt nh, nn khng c n tr (thng gii). V n hng duyn cnh mi nn khng c tm truy c (nim). v t tnh n tn ng nn khng chuyn ch (nh). V n khng c kh nng suy t, nn khng c la chn (tu). - C kin cho rng nm thc u c nm Bit cnh. Tuy khng c hy vng nhiu i vi cnh nhng c cnh vui vi t yu t. Tuy khng c s thm nh mnh nhng c cnh n tr vi t yu t. Tuy khng nh r cnh tng tp quen nhng c cnh ghi nh vi t yu t. Tuy khng c tc buc nim vo mt cnh nhng c s chuyn ch vi t yu t. V ngn ng dn m ni tnh n tn ng, ch khng phi ngn ng tr. Cho nn c c nh (Tam ma h a dch ng dn, Tam ma a dch ng tr. nh c nhp, tr, xut. Nhp nh xut nh l ng dn, tr nh l ng tr). Tuy i cnh s duyn khng th suy t nhng c s chn la vi t yu t. Do Thnh gio ni: "C nhn thng, nh thng, l tr tu tng ng vi nhn thc, nh thc, t, thit, thn ba th chun theo y, u c tu" l khng c li. Khi a v cha t ti th nm Bit cnh hoc khng c, khi c t ti, nm Bit cnh, nht nh phi c. V a qun cc cnh nn Dc tm s khng thiu. V n tr cnh nn thng gii thng khng thiu. v nh cnh tng tp quen nn nim khng thiu. Li nm thc ca Pht duyn sut c ba i, v c Nh Lai khng c tm bt nh, v nm thc u c tr Thnh s tc s. Nm Bit cnh ny tng ng vi th no? - C kin cho rng tm s Dc c ba th tng ng, tr th kh v u, v hai cnh kh v u khng phi ng a (dc). Ngoi ra bn tm s kia thng c bn th, tr kh th, v tnh thm nh, nm thc khng c. - C kin cho rng c nm tm s Bit cnh u tng ng nm th. Lun ni: u cn (u th), i vi v thng php m hm m (Dc tm s) lo su cu (u) lm sao mau chng c. Cn ch thun th kh (kh th) th hy cu (Dc tm s) c thot khi. thc c kh th cn, th nh trc ni. Lun ni: "Khi tham i th c c u v kh tng ng", tng ng vi tham i th chc chn c dc. Kh th cn c tng ng vi thc, m y thc tng ng vi

thng gii, nim, nh, tu tm s, vy ni kh th cng tng ng vi thng gii, nim, nh, tu th c li g? - Li nm Bit cnh tng ng vi nm thc, v nm thc cng c s n tr, truy c, chuyn ch, gin trch cnh mt cch vi t, nh trc ni. Do bit dc, thng gii v.v... tng ng vi c nm th. Nm th tm s Bit cnh ny li cn c phn bit theo cc mt ba tnh, ba ci, ba hc v.v... nh l nn suy ngh. (Ht cun V ca bn Hn)

---o0o--XI. THC BIN HIN TH BA ( tip theo phn 1)

ni hai tm s Bin hnh v Bit cnh, cn tm s Thin tng n nh th no? tng rng: Thin l tn, tm, qu, Ba thin cn: khng tham v.v... Cn, an, bt phng dt, Hnh x v bt hi. Lun rng: Thc Liu bit cnh ch cng khi vi tm s Thin, nn gi l Thin tm s. l tn, tm v.v... mi mt th. Tn l th no? Tnh ca lng tin l tm thanh tnh, nhn chu su sc i vi Tht, vui thch su sc i vi c, a mun (hy vng) sau sc i vi Nng Nghip ca tn l i tr tm khng tin, vui thch cu cc vic lnh. Nhng Tn sai khc nhau lc c ba th: 1. Tin Tht c L i vi tht s (tc ) tht l (chn ) ca cc cc php, tin su sc l tht c m ty thun nhn chu theo. 2. Tin c c L i vi Tam Bo y chn tnh c, tin su sc m vui thch theo.

3. Tin c Nng L i vi tt c iu thin ca th v xut th gian, tin su sc n c nng lc, v mnh c nng lc thc hnh theo l c th c qu bo vui v s chng thnh Thnh o, m khi tm hy vng, mong mun. Do Tn nhm i tr khng tin ni Tht, c, Nng kia, ng thi a thch chng tu iu thin ca th v xut th gian. Hi: - "Nhn chu" tc l "Thng gii" (trong Bit cnh ), chnh l nhn ca Tn. "Vui thch, a mun" tc l "Dc" (trong Bit cnh), chnh l qu ca Tn. Vy cha xc nh t tng ca Tn l th no! p: - H khng va ni Tn ly tm thanh tnh lm t tnh sao? Hi: - y cn cha r ngha ch "tm thanh tnh" kia. Nu tnh tc l Tm (Tm vng) th tn khng phi l Tm s (lm sao gi l tm s Tn?). Cn nu ni lm cho Tm vng c tnh m gi l Tn tm s, th Tn c khc g tm s Tm, Qu (cng lm cho tm thanh tnh )? Nu ni c php tnh cng khi vi tm, m gi l tm tnh, th cng nn vn nh th. p: - Tnh ca Tn l lng trong, c kh nng lm tnh c Tm, Tm s. Nhng v Tm vng thng hn Tm s nn ch ni "tm tnh". (ch khng ni Tm s tnh). V nh ht ngc thanh thy tnh n vn trong li c kh nng lm trong nc c. Tm, Qu v.v... tuy thin nhng khng phi tnh vn thanh tnh; cn tm s Tn th tnh vn thanh tnh, nn khng c li xen lm vi Tm, Qu v.v... Li cc php nhim u c tng ring, nhng ch c tm bt tn l c t tng hn trc, li lm hn trc cc Tm, Tm s khc. Nh vy rt nhp, t nhp li lm nhp ci khc. Tn ngc vi Bt tn, Tn ly tnh lm tng. - C kin cho rng Tn ly a vui lm tng. Ni vy th c th thng c ba tnh, tc Tn thng tnh thin, a thng tnh nhim, vui thng v k. V thng ba tnh th th n chnh l dc trong Bit cnh (cn Tn ch thng tnh thin). Li c th Kh Tp , khng phi l s duyn ca Tn. - C ngi cho Tn ly s ty thun lm tng. Ni vy th Tn nn thng ba tnh, m thng ba tnh th chnh l thng gii v dc (ch khng phi Tn). V nu n thun tc l thng gii trong Bit cnh. Nu thun vui tc l dc trong Bit cnh, la hai th ny th khng c tng ty thun. - Do nn bit, tm tnh l Tn. Tm l th no? L tnh bit h vi mnh, do da vo sc mnh v gio php hc m sng trng hin thin, n c nghip dng i tr tm khng bit h, v ngng dt c hnh. Ngha l da ni chnh bn thn v gio php mnh m bit tn qu, tng thng

(mnh m) i vi bn thn v gio php, do sng trng ngi hin vic thin, xu h ti c khng dm lm na, i tr tm khng bit h, dt cc c hnh. Qy l th no? L tnh bit thn vi ngi, da vo sc th gian m khinh khi chng c iu bo c, n c nghip dng i tr tm khng bit thn, ngng dt c hnh. Ngha l da ni s s ch bai, khinh khi chng c bo c ca th gian m bit thn, n c cng dng i tr tm khng bit thn, ngng dt nghip c. H v thn ti li, hai tng thng nhau ca hai php Tm v Qy. Cho nn Thnh gio gi ni l t th. Nu chp h v thn hai tng khc nhau th Tm v Qy ch c mt th, hai php mt th th quyt khng tng ng nhau, v khng c hai th th v hai th tng m c ngha cng tng ng nhau c. Nu i c tng t lc mnh v tha lc th gian mi c hai Tm v Qu ring, th Tm v Qu khng phi tht c, bn tri vi Thnh gio. Nu chp nhn Tm v Qy c tht nhng khi ring th tri vi lun ni mi th bin khp thin tm (Lun ni mi mt Thin tm s, trong khinh an khng bin khp cc thin tm, cn mi th kia trong gm Tm v Qu, bin khp cc thin tm. Nu cho Tm v Qu l mt, th cn li chn th bin khp sao?). Sng trng v khinh khi chng c, nu hai tng y khc nhau thi s duyn ca n phi khc, c th khng cng sanh. Ni h v thn cng sanh hay khc sanh u c li ging nhau, ti sao li qu trch thin lch v li khc sanh? - Lun ch: - Ai ni hai php c cnh s duyn khc nhau? - Ngi khc ni: - Khng vy, th nh th no? - Khi Thin tm khi ln, ty duyn cnh thin hoc c u c s sng trng ngi thin vic thin v khinh c ngi c vic c. Cho nn bit Tm v Qu u bin khp thin tm, s duyn ng nhau. - u phi ti khng ni n ngha Tm v Qu hai tng thng nhau? - Chp Tm v Qu t tng ng nh ng, l g c th ngn s thit nn trc cho c mi th bin khp thin tm. Nhng Thnh gio ni: "Nhn vo t, tha i i". Vic ni mnh gi l t, th gian gi l tha. Hoc trong sng thin i vi mnh c ch gi l t, chng c i vi mnh khng tn gi l tha. V tham thy l ch cho v sn, v si, ba th ny gi l gc thin (thin cn) v n c kh nng sanh thin mnh hn c v v gn nht th n i tr ba cn bt thin. V tham l th no? L tnh khng tham m vo ba ci (Hu) v cc hu c ca ba ci, cng dng ca n l i tr tm tham m, a lm iu thin. V sn l th no? L tnh khng sn hn i vi kh v nghip nhn ca kh (kh, kh c), cng dng ca n l i tr sn hn, a lm thin.

Khi thin tm khi ln h duyn theo cnh g u khng tham m, khng sn hn i vi hu hu c, kh kh c. Hai thin cn v tham v sn ny ch qun st ni hu v kh lp, ch khng phi i khi duyn n hu v kh mi lp; cng nh Tm v Qu trc y, l do qun st theo cnh thin c m lp (tc qun st s sng thin m lp Tm, qun ni s khinh c m lp Qu). Cho nn hai th Tm s ny u bin khp thin tm. V si l th no? L tnh minh gii i vi cc s l. N c cng dng i tr ngu si, a lm lnh. - C kin cho rng "tu" l tnh ca V si (da tu m gi lp ra V si). Tp Lun ni V si ly s quyt trch ca bo, gio, chng, tr, lm th, v cc tu do sanh c (bo) do nghe (gio), do suy ngh (chng) v do tu (tr), th lp nh th u c tnh quyt trch (tu). V si tuy l tu nhng hin th n c cng nng th thng hn tu, (V si l thun thin, ch tu thng c thin v nhim) cng nh c kin trong nm cn bn phin no (c kin thun c, ch tu th thng c c, thin), cho nn ni ring ra. - C kin cho rng V si khng phi chnh l tu, m n c t tnh ring, v n chnh thc i tr v minh, cng nh v tham, v sn, nhip v ba thin cn. V lun Du gi ni: "Tm i bi nhip v v sn, V si ch khng phi nhip v tu cn (trong hai mi hai cn)". Nu V si ly tu lm tnh, th tm i bi cng nh mi lc, bn v y, nn nhip v tu cn (trong hai mi hai cn). Li nu V si khng c tnh ring th nh tm bt hi, (ly V sn lm th) khng c tht vy, bn tri vi Lun ni: "Trong mi mt thin, ba th khng phng dt, x, bt hi ch c trong th tc, cc th cn li (trong c V si) u l tht c". Nhng Tp Lun ni V si ly tu lm th, l nu tnh nhn qu ca ba tu hin th tnh minh gii ca n. Cng nh ly nhn v lc biu th t th ca Tn. L phi nh vy. V tham, sn, si l chnh phin no tng ng su thc, n khi c mnh hn c, nn lp tn n l ba th bt thin cn. Dt n phi do s i tr chung v ring, chung i tr ch l do thin tu, ring i tr chnh l do ba thin cn. Do nn phi c ring V si. Cn tc l tinh tn, c tnh Dng Hn trong vic tu thin on c, v c nghip dng i tr gii i, dy vic thin. Dng l biu th thng tn, khng phi nh cc php nhim; Hn l biu th tinh thun, khng phi nh tnh v k (v ph v k). Tc khi hin th tinh tn n ch nhip vo tnh thin. Tng sai bit ca tinh tn c nm, l : B gip, gia hnh, v h, v thi, v tc. Chnh khi ni c th c dng, c cn, kin mnh, v khng b ci ch thin, theo th lp nn bit. Nm tng ny sai khc nhau, tng s pht tm (b gip, c th) t phn tu hnh thng tn (gia hnh, c dng). Trong t phn tu hnh c ba bc thng, trung, h (v h,

v thi, v tc), l nm. Hoc tng s pht tm v bn tng tu sai khc l trng thi tu, v gin tu, n trng tu, v d tu l nm. Hoc c nm o sai khc l t lng, gia hnh, kin o, tu o, v hc o. Hoc Nh tha cu knh v hc o c tm ham thch i B , hoc ch Pht cu knh o m a lm li ch ha tha, hoc hai a v gia hnh l v gin v gii thot c s thng tn khc nhau, u gi l Cn. An l khinh an, c tnh kham nhm, xa la th trng l khinh, iu sng thn tm l an; v c cng dng i tr hn trm, khin thn tm c chuyn thnh an vui. Ngha l n dp tr php thng lm chng ngi Thin nh, khin cho thn tm y ch c an thch. Bt phng dt, l khng bung lung, gm Tinh tn v ba Thin cn, c tnh phng nga iu c phi on, khng cho khi ln, v sing tu iu thin phi tu, lm cho tng trng; v c cng dng lm thnh tu trn vn mi thin s ca th, xut th gian. Ngha l chnh nh bn php l Tinh tn v ba thin cn m c th phng iu c phi on, tu iu Thin phi tu, nn gi l khng bung lung, ch khng ngoi bn php kia m c t th ring, v khng c tng khc; v i vi vic phng c v tu thin, nu la bn cng nng trn th khng c cng dng ring. Tuy Tn, Tm, Qu v.v... cng c kh nng phng c tu thin nhng so vi bn php l Tinh tn v ba Thin cn th th lc v cng dng n vi t yu t, n khng phi ba cn v tinh tn sch l mi s, cho nn Tn, Tm, Qu khng phi ch nng ca bt phng dt. Nn: - H khng phi chnh phng c tu thin l tng v dng ca bt phng dt? p: - Nu vy, phng c tu thin khc g vi Tinh tn v ba Thin cn? Nn: - Bn php kia phi ch c bt phng dt mi c phng c tu thin? p: - Nu vy, bt phng dt cng phi ch ci khc na, th thnh li v cng. Nn: - "Cn" ch l cng khp sch tn thin php, "thin cn" ch l khp lm ch nng cho thin php, ti sao ni n cng dng phng c tu thin? p: - ng ni cng dng phng c tu thin tng n nh th no? Nu khp da vo tt c thin tm gi l phng c tu thin th chnh l ba Thin cn v tham, v sn, v si. Nu cng khp sch l thin php th c khc g tinh tn. Nu ngng c tn thin th chnh l chung c bn php l Tinh tn v ba Thin cn. Nu khin tm khng tn lon, th l ng tr (nh). Nu khin Tm, Tm s ng th cnh, th c khc g xc. Nu khin Tm khng qun mt, th chnh l Nim. Suy tm nh vy, thy ci cng dng ca bt phng dt. Nu la bn php l Tinh tn v ba Thin cn, th hon ton khng th c c. Cho nn bit bt phng dt khng c t th ring. Hnh x l th no? L Tinh tn v ba Thin cn, c tnh khin tm c bnh ng chnh trc v cng dng m an tr, v c nghip dng i tr tro c, c tr yn tnh.

Ngha l chnh nh bn php l Tinh tn v ba Thin cn khin tm xa la cc chng tro c v.v... c tr yn tnh gi l X. Ni bnh ng, chnh trc, v cng dng m an tr l bin bit ba cp s, trung, v hu sai khc ca X. Do Bt phng dt, trc tr tp nhim, Hnh x li khin tm tch tnh m an tr. Hnh x khng c t th ring, cng nh bt phng dt la bn php kia th khng c tng v dng ring. Kh nng lm cho c tch tnh chnh l bn php. c lm cho tch tnh chnh l tm. Bt hi l th no? L tnh khng sn hn, khng lm tn no cc hu tnh; v c nghip dng i tr hi, c lng thng xt. Ngha l chnh t s khng gin, khng lm tn no cc hu tnh m gi gi l khng hi. V sn ngc li vi Sn l dt mng sng chng sanh, Bt hi ngc li vi Hi l hay lm tn no chng sanh. V sn th cho vui, Bt hi th cu kh. l hai th tng sai khc ca Bt hi. ng tht, V sn tht c t th, cn Bt hi l nng mt phn ca V sn m gi lp. V hin th hai tng T v Bi khc nhau, trong vic li lc hu tnh th hai th V sn v Bt hi, T v Bi ny hn c. - C kin cho rng khng Hi khng phi chnh l khng sn, m n c t th ring, l tnh hin thin. Tng th no? l khng lm tn no, khng sn cng th, khng c tnh ring. Ngha l khng lm tn no loi hu tnh, t bin hin thin l khng sn vy. - Bi Tng ni ch "cp, (v) hin r ngoi mi mt tm s Thin va ni, cn c nhng Tm s khc. l Thin tm s "Hn" v "Chn" v.v... Nhng Tm s ny ty ngha c khc nhau nn ni ra nhiu tn, nhng th n vn l mt, cho nn khng lp ring. "Hn l hn thch, cng i vi "Dc", l mt phn ca khng gin, v khng gin ght i vi cnh vui thch. Khng phn, hn, no, tt v.v... cng th. Ty theo , th ny o ngc li thnh th kia. Nh o ngc li vi bt phn v phn (gin), l mt phn ca sn, "Chn" cng i vi Tu, l mt phn ca v tham, v khng nhim trc i vi cnh ng chn. Khng xan ln, khng kiu mn v.v... nn bit cng ging nh th. Ty theo m o ngc li thnh xan ln, kiu mn, u l mt phn ca Tham. Khng che du, khng gian tr, khng dua nnh l mt phn ca khng tham, khng si, ty theo m o ngc li thnh che du, gian tr, dua nnh, u l mt phn ca Tham, Si. - C kin cho rng khng che du ch l mt phn khng si. Khng c ch no ni che du l mt phn ca Tham. - C kin cho rng khng kiu mn l mt phn ca Tn. Ngha l tin ai th khng kiu mn vi h. - C kin cho rng khng kiu mn l mt phn ca Hnh x, v tm bnh ng th khng kiu mn.

- C kin cho rng khng kiu mn, mt phn nhip vo vo Tm (h) v sng trng ai th khng kiu mn vi h. - C kin cho rng khng nghi chnh l nhip v Tn, v tin iu g th khng cn do d nghi ng. - C kin cho rng khng nghi chnh l Thng gii, v khi quyt nh th khng do d nghi ng. - C kin cho rng khng nghi chnh l Chnh tu, v khi c chnh kin th khng do d. Th khng tn lon tc nhip tu. "Bt vong nim", chnh l Chnh nim. Hi, Min, Tm, T thng c v bt nhim nh xc, dc v.v... Nn khng c ngha o ngc li. - V sao nhng tm nhim o ngc li thnh tm thin m c ci lp ring, c ci khng lp ring? - Tm no c tng v dng khc nhau th lp ring; cn cc tm thin th khng c tm no o ngc li nn khng lp ring, khng nn gn trch. Li v cc nhim php bt thin l tham, sn, si, v tm, v qu, bt tn, gii i, hn trm, tro c, phng dt bin khp c su thc mnh hn, cho nn o ngc li lp thnh mi php thin l v tham, v sn, v si, tm, qu, tn, cn, khinh an, hnh x. Mn, phn v.v... ch tng ng vi thc, nn o ngc lp ring. "Hi" tuy cng th, nhng v n thng hin khi lm tn no ngi khc v lm chng ngi tm bi l thng nhn ca v thng tha, v ni r ti li ln lao ca hi, nn o ngc vi hi m lp ring ra bt hi. Tht nim, tn lon, bt chnh tri, o ngc li th thnh nim, nh, tu trong Bit cnh thin, nn khng ni ring. Hi: - Tm s nhim v Tm s tnh o ngc nhau, m sao s Tm s tnh li t hn s Tm s nhim? p: - Tm s tnh th thng,Tm s nhim yu km, l tnh t nh nhim nhiu. Li v thin th ng gii thng l, nn tuy Tm s thin nhiu m ng th, cn Tm s nhim v m tnh cuc theo s tng nhiu mi chia ra nhiu th. Cho nn khng nn trch v s lng nhiu t ca Tm s nhim v Tm s tnh. - Trong mi mt thin tm y, ba th l khng phng dt, hnh x, khng hi l gi c, nh trc ni, cn tm th kia tht c tng v dng khc nhau. - C kin cho rng trong mi mt thin, c bn th bin khp thin tm, l Tinh tn v ba Thin cn, cn by th kia th bt nh, v khi suy tm s l cha quyt

nh th khng sanh tn tm. Tm v Qy th ng loi nhng ch nng khc nhau, ty khi khi ln tm ny th tm kia khng khi. Khinh an th i khi c o th gian on phin no khi ln th mi c c. Tm Bt phng dt v Hnh x, th khi c o v lu mi khi ln c. Khi c tm bi mn loi hu tnh mi c tm Bt hi. - Lun ni 11 thin c khi ln trong su a v. l khi a v quyt nh mi c Tn tng ng. Khi ngng dt nhim mi c tm Tm Qy khi ln nhn li mnh v ngi. a v thin c tm Tinh tn v ba Thin cn. Khi c th gian o (bn Thin tm nh) th c tm Kinh an khi. Khi c o xut th (v lu o qun v ng) th c tm Hnh x v Bt phng dt khi. Khi nhip ho chng sanh th c tm Bt hi khi ln. - C kin cho rng kia ni th cha ng l. Khi suy tm s l, tm cha quyt nh, tn nu khng sanh th khng phi l thin, nh khi nhim tm l v khng c tnh tn. Tm v Qu khc loi, nng tha th khc m cnh duyn th ng, n iu bin khp thin tm, nh trc ni. Nu c xut th o m tm Khinh an khng sanh th Khinh an gic chi y chng phi v lu. Nu c th gian o m khng c Hnh x v Bt phng dt th khng phi tch tnh phng c tu thin, li khng th dp tro c, phng dt. Thin tm hu lu c bn php l Tinh tn v ba Thin cn th n nh xut th o,nn c hai tm l Hnh x v Bt phng dt. Li khi thin tm khi ln u khng tn hi vt, chnh do php tri vi s tn hi m c tn Bt hi. Nhng Lun ni: "Trong su trng hp c mi mt thin tm khi ln l nng ni s tng mnh ca mi th m ni tn mi th "; cho nn kin u tin kia ni, nht nh khng ng l. Nn ni rng trong mi mt Thin, Tn, Tm, Qu v.v... mi th bin khp cc thin tm, tr "Khinh an" th khng bin khp. Phi khi a v Thin nh mi c Khinh an. V s iu sng thn tm a v khc (khng phi Thin nh) khng c c. Trong Quyt trch phn ca lun Du gi ni: "Mi Thin tm s d a v Thin nh hay khng Thin nh n u bin khp thin tm, ch trong nh a th "Khinh an" tng hn". C kin cho rng a v nh gia hnh cng c gi l nh a, v cng c s iu sng thn tm vi t. Do ci Dc cng c Khinh an. Khng nh vy th tri vi Bn a phn trong lun Du gi ni: "Mi mt thin nh Tn, Tm, Qu v.v... thng ht thy a. - C kin cho rng Khinh an ch khi c nh mi c, vi do nh t dng, mi c s iu sng. Lun ni: "Cc Tm, Tm s ci Dc v thiu Khinh an nn gi l bt nh a". Ni ht thy a u c mi mt thin, v n thng c ba a l a c tm c t, a khng tm ch c t, a khng tm khng t (cn bn S Thin gi l hu tm hu t Tam ma a; Nh Thin, gia hnh gi l v tm duy t Tam ma a).

- Mi mt thin ny trc ni , tht, bt thc ty theo a v hoc c hoc khng (khi a v m th khng c, khi a v ng th hai thc u c mi mt thin); cn lc thc cc a v th u c . N khng phi nh v l ch thiu Khinh an. C kin cho nm thc ch c mi th, v t tnh nm thc tn ng nn khng c Khinh an. C kin cho rng nm thc cng c Khinh an. V thin do nh dn pht cng c s iu sng Khinh an. V thin cng i vi Thnh s tc tr, chc chn c Khinh an. - Mi mt Thin tm s ny tng ng vi th no? Mi Thin tm s tng ng vi nm th, ch Khinh an tm s, khng tng ng u th, kh th, v c u kh th khng c iu sng Khinh an. - Mi mt Thin tm s ny u cng tng ng vi nm Bit cnh. V Tn, Tm, Qu v.v... vi Dc, Thng gii v.v... khng tri nhau vy. - Mi mt th Tm s ny ch l thin. - Tr Khinh an khng c ci Dc, cn mi th kia thng c ba ci. - Mi mt th tm s Thin, khng chng kin o, nn khng phi loi b kin o dit tr. Lun Du gi ni: "Su cn l Tn, Tn, Nim, nh, Tu v V tri ng tri cn (nu thuc hu lu, ch do tu mi on, ch khng phi do kin on c". Cn phn bit mi mt thin ny theo cc phng din (mn) khc na, nh l nn bit. - Nh vy ni tm s thin, cn tm s Phin no tng ng vi su thc, tng n nh th no? Tng ni: Phin no l tham, sn, Si, mn, nghi, c kin. Lun rng: "Su th tham, sn v.v... tnh n thuc v cn bn phin no nn c gi l phin no". Tham l th no? L tnh nhim m i vi hu v hu c. N c nghip dng lm chng ngi v tham, pht sanh kh no. Ngha l v do nng lc ca tham i m c th un sanh thnh.

Sn l th no? l tnh ght gin i vi kh v kh c. N c nghip dng lm chng ngi v sn v lm ch nng cho tnh bt an n v c hnh. Ngha l v sn nn chc chn khin thn tm nng bc, khi ln cc c nghip bt thin. Si l th no? L tnh m mui i vi cc s l, n c nghip dng chng ngi v si, v lm ch nng cho tt c tp nhim. Ngha l do v minh (si) khi ln cc cn bn phin no nghi, t kin, tham, v.v... v cc ty phin no m to tc nghip c c th chiu cm php tp nhim i sau. Mn l th no? L tnh mnh m cao ngo i vi ngi, v c nghip dng l chng ngi tnh khng kiu mn, v pht sanh kh no. Ngha l nu c mn th tm khng khim h i vi Tam bo chn tnh c v ngi c c; do m b sanh t lun chuyn v cng, chu cc kh no. Mn ny sai bit c by (mn, qu mn, mn qu mn, ng mn, tng thng mn, ty lit mn, t mn), hoc chn th l i ni ba bc thng, trung, h v ng, c v x s (ta hn, ta bng, ta thua) m thnh ra chn mn. Tc c mn u thng c kin s an. ni Thnh v, cu sanh ng mn khng cn hin hnh, thi cc loi mn t n khi ln cng khng c li. Nghi l th no? l tnh do d chng quyt i vi cc l, v n c nghip dng lm chng ngi tm khng nghi, chng ngi thin php. Ngha l do d th iu thin khng sanh. C kin cho rng nghi ny ly thin lm th. Do d trong s la chn nn ni l nghi. V ch "T" (tr gip) mt (tu) l ngha ca nghi. V ngha ch "mt " v ch Bt nh l mt (T mt hay T Bt nh l gip cho Bt nh, gip cho gic ng. C nghi mi c ng, khng nghi t khng ng, cho nn gip cho ng l nghi). C kin cho rng nghi ny c t th ring, n lm cho tu khng qu quyt, ch n khng phi tu. Lun Du gi ni: "Trong su phin no, ch c kin l th tc c, v n l mt phn ca tu, cn cc th phin no kia u tht c tnh ring. Do ch "T" tr gip ch Mt " thnh "T mt " m chp tu l nghi, th th c th do ch "T" tr gip "Nh nam" (tr) thnh "T nh nam", m tr bin thnh thc c sao? Chng phi do tr gip m ngha ca n bin chuyn khc i c, th nn nghi ny khng phi ly tu lm th. c kin l th no? L tnh ca tu nhim suy t in o i vi cc l, n c nghip dng lm chng ngi thin kin, chiu cm s kh. Ngha l ngi c kin phi chu nhiu kh no. Hnh tng ca c kin sai bit c nm (tc nm li s). 1. Tt ca gia kin (thn kin) - Tc l i vi nm th un chp cho l ng v ng s; nghip ca n l lm ch nng cho ht thy kin th (thn kin thng c phn bit v cu sanh). Kin ny sai bit c 20 cu, 65 cu, chng u l phn bit khi ch khng phi cu sanh sanh (nm th c kin ny, hy xem r kinh Phm Vng trong Trng B Kinh, hoc kinh Phm ng trong Trng A hm).

2. Bin chp kin - Tc l chp Tt ca gia kin kia l on l thng, n chng ngi s tu hnh hnh xut ly theo trung o phi on phi thng. S sai bit ca kin ny l trong cc kin th. Nh i vi i qu kh chp bn Bin thng lun. Nht phn thng lun, i vi i v lai chp c mi su Hu tng, tm V tng v tm Cu phi. V by on dit lun v.v... u thuc v phn bit khi. 3. T kin - Tc l ph bng nhn qu, ph bng tc dng, ph bng s tht. V gm nhng t chp khc ngoi bn c kin kia l thn kin, Bin kin, kin th, gii cm th. Cng nh tng thng duyn l gm tt c nhng duyn cn li ngoi ba duyn l Nhn duyn, ng v gin duyn, S duyn duyn; v n c danh v ngha rt bao qut. S sai bit ca kin ny l trong cc kin th, chp hai V nhn lun v qu kh, chp bn Hu bin lun, Bt t kiu lon lun, v chp v lai nm hin Nit bn; hoc chp tri T Ti, Th ch, Thch, Phm v cc vt loi khc l thng hng bin i; hoc chp tri T Ti l nguyn nhn ca mi vt; hoc chp bng cc li gii thot t vy; hoc vng chp phi o l o. Nhng li chp nh th u nhip vo t kin ny. 4. Kin th - Tc l chp cc t kin trn v cc th un m cc t kin da vo chp, cho l ti thng, c th lm chng sanh thanh tnh; nghip dng ca n l lm ch nng cho mi s u tranh. 5. Gii cm th l thun theo gii cm ca t kin v cc un m t kin da vo chp, cho l ti thng, c th lm cho chng sanh thanh tnh; nghip dng ca n l lm ch nng cho s kh hnh v ch. Nhng c ch ni chp n l ti thng (khng phi qu chp l qu) th gi l kin th, chp n c th lm cho c thanh tnh (khng phi nhn tt m chp l nhn tt), th gi l gii th. y l li ni c lc phn nh. Ho l ni theo phng din ty chuyn (ty chuyn ngha l ni ti thng tc trong c thanh tnh, ni thanh tnh l trong c ti thng). Khng nh vy th ti sao phi tch dit chp tch dit, phi o chp l o th gi l t kin, m chng phi hai th l kin th v gii th? - Trong mi th phin no tng v bit nh trn, c su th l tham, sn, si, mn, thn kin, bin kin thng c cu sanh v phn bit khi. Hoc nhm vn hoc t st u khi ln c kin c c. Cn nghi v ba kin l t kin, kin th, gii cm th th ch l phn bit khi; v cn phi do bn c v nng lc t gio, t thm xt, t st mi c sanh khi. - C thuyt cho rng trong bin chp kin, th no thng cu sanh th n thuc loi on kin, cn tng ca thng kin th ph, phi c nng lc ca bn c v t gio mi dn sanh ra c. Nh lun Du gi ni: "Bin chp kin no l th cu sanh? l th bin chp kin thuc loi on kin. Ngi hc hin qun sanh tm s nh vy: "Ci ta ca ta nay ti ch no? "Cho nn nh loi cm th nu gp nghch duyn, u s ci ta on mt, m sanh tm s hi". - C kin cho rng Lun kia ni l y theo th tng m ni. L tht, cu sanh cng thng c thng kin. Ngha l nh cm th v chp ci ta thng cn nn hng hi

to tc cha nhm cc dng lu di. Cc lun nh Hin Dng v.v... u ni: "i vi nm th un chp on chp thng, hoc l cu sanh, hoc l phn bit". - Mi th phin no y th no tng ng vi th no? - Tham nht nh khng cng sanh vi sn v nghi, v hai cnh yu v ght khng ng nhau. i vi cnh cn nghi ng khng quyt chp th khng c tham m. Tham c th tng ng vi mn v kin, nhng v cnh tham i v kiu mn chng phi mt, nn khng cng sanh mt ln. Cn cnh nhim ca i v cnh th ca mn c th ng nhau, nn c tng ng. V i vi cnh ca nm c kin u c th tham i, nn tham v nm kin tng ng nhau, khng li g. - Sn vi mn, nghi, hoc c th cng khi mt ln, v cnh sn v cnh th chng phi mt, nn ni sn vi mn khng tng ng nhau. Cnh mit th v cnh ghen ght c th l mt cho nn n c th cng sanh. V lc u cn do d (nghi) th cha ght, nn ni sn v nghi khng cng sanh. Suy ngh lu m vn khng quyt c, mi pht gin, nn sn v nghi c th c tng ng. Nghi cnh thun hay nghch ty theo cng vy. Sn v hai th l gii cm th v kin th chc khng tng ng, v khi chp cho l o th thng, th khng ght n. Sn vi ba kin l thn, bin, t kin hoc c tng ng m khng nht nh. V i vi thn nm un ng a mi khi ln chp cho thn l thng, m khng ght n, l sn khng tng ng. Nu i vi thn nm un kh au ng ght m khi ln chp thn thng th sanh tm ght gin n, nn ni sn c cng khi. i vi on kin, th ngc li vi y m xt sn c tng ng hay khng. T kin th bi bc lun c vic xu, vic tt, theo th t m xt sn c hay khng c tng ng vi t kin. Mn tm s l i vi cnh quyt, cn Nghi tm s th khng th. Cho nn mn v nghi khng tng ng nhau. Mn v nm kin th cu khi, v hnh tng hai th khng chng tri nhau. Nhng mn th khng cu sanh vi "on kin", v khi chp ng b on th khng th th kiu mn vi ai c. Mn c mt phn khng cu sanh vi thn kin, v t kin cng vy. Nghi l khng thm quyt, nn tri vi nm kin, cho nn nghi v nm kin khng th cu sanh. Nm kin cng khng tng ng cu khi vi nghi, v khng th trong mt tm c nhiu tu (kin). Si v chn phin no kia u c tng ng, v cc phin no sanh ra c, phi do si mi c. - Mi phin no ny tng ng vi thc no? - Tng thc hon ton khng c. Mt na thc c bn, thc c mi. Nm thc trc ch c ba l tham, sn, si. V nm thc trc khng c tnh phn bit nn khng c mn v.v... v do c phn bit so snh mi khi kiu mn v.v... - Mi phin no nu tng ng vi th no?

- Cu sanh tham, sn, si v phn bit tham, sn, si, tt c u tng ng vi nm th; v khi tham m gp cnh duyn tri nghch th c u v kh th cng sanh, gp cnh duyn thun th c h th v lc th cng sanh. C kin cho rng mn cu sanh v phn bit khi tng ng vi bn th, tr kh th. V chng sanh th thn ng un xu kh ca mnh, m sanh u th, nn mn tng ng vi u th. C kin cho rng nu l cu sanh th mn cng tng ng vi kh th; v ni thc c kh th, nh trc ni. Nu l phn bit mn v.v... th n khng c nhng ni thun chu kh, v ni y khng c t s t gio. Nhng chng sanh ch ch thun kh khng to nghip dn n ng c, v phi cn c phin no phn bit t thc khi mi to nghip dn n ch c . Nghi v ba kin l t kin, kin th kin v gii cm th ch tng ng vi bn th, tr kh th. ci Dc, nghi khng tng ng vi kh nhng tng ng vi h v u. Kin th v gii th nu duyn theo cnh ca u tng ng vi kin th by gi n tng ng vi u th. C kin cho rng cu sanh thn kin, bin kin ch tng ng vi h, lc, x th. Hai kin ny khng tng ng nm thc nn khng c kh th, v nm thc l v k, nn khng c u th. Cn phn bit thn kin, bin kin ch tng ng vi bn th, tr kh th. Chp thn ng un cng sanh vi kh l ng, ng s, m thng, th thn, bin kin c u th. Nu chp thn ng un cng sanh vi lc l ng, ng s m on, th thn bin kin cng tng ng vi u th. C kin cho rng thn kin, bin kin nu l cu sanh th tng ng vi kh th; v ch thun kh ch duyn vi thn ng un cc kh, nn tng ng vi kh th. Lun ni: "Tt c phin no no cu sanh u cng hin hnh vi ba th". Ni rng nh trc. Cn cc ngha khc nh trc ni. - Di y theo ngha tht ni, ni theo tng th, th tham, mn v bn kin u tng ng vi lc, h, x th. Sn ch tng ng vi kh, u, x th. Nghi th tng ng nm th. Nghi v t kin tng ng bn th, tr kh th. Tham, si tng ng vi lc thng bn a di l Ng th tp c a n Tam Thin a; cn by th l nm c kin, mn v nghi kia tng ng vi lc, th tr Dc gii a, n thng ba a l S Thin, Nh Thin, Tam Thin. Nghi v c hnh si, nu ci Dc th ch tng ng vi u v x th. Cc th khc cu khi nh th no, c theo l suy bit. - Mi phin no ny my th tng ng vi Bit cnh tm s? - Tham, sn, si, mn cng khi vi nm Bit cnh. V chuyn ch mt cnh l c nh tm s. Nghi v nm Kin mi mi tng ng vi bn Bit cnh, v nghi khng tng ng vi thng gii, v nghi th khng quyt nh. Kin khng phi tng ng vi tu, v n khng khc tu.

- Mi th phin no ny nhip thuc v tnh g? - Sn ch c tnh bt thin, v n lm tn hi mnh, ngi. Chn th cn li tng ng c thin v bt thin. Nu hai ci trn l Sc, V sc gii th nhip v v k, v n b bp. Nu h thuc ci Dc m sn phn bit khi th ch nhip v bt thin, v n pht sanh c hnh. Nu sn cu sanh c hnh th cng nhip v bt thin, v n lm tn hi mnh, ngi. Cc phin no cn li nhip v v k, v vi t khng lm chng ngi thin m khng c lm tn hi mnh, ngi qu lm. Nn bit cu sanh thn kin v bin kin ch nhip v tnh v k. V khng pht sanh nghip c, tuy thng hin khi, song khng lm chng ngi thin php. - Mi th phin no ny h thuc vo ci no? - Sn ch h thuc ci Dc, chn th cn li thng c ba ci. Khi sanh a di, cha la s nhim ca a di, th phin no a trn khng hin tin. Phi c cn bn nh a trn kia, khi phin no a trn kia mi hin tin. Cc hu lu o (ch bn Thin tm nh, khng c qun hai khng, nn gi l hu lu o) tuy khng dp c phin no phn bit v phin no cu sanh vi t trong thc th by, nhng c th dp tr c phin no cu sanh th ph thc th su, dn dn chng c cn bn nh ca a trn. V phin no cu sanh ch l m s, hng ra bn ngoi sanh khi, tn lon th ng, chnh thc lm chng ngi Thin nh, nn khi c nh a trn ri, vy sau cc phin no cu sanh v phn bit a trn ny u hin tin. Nu ngi khi sanh a trn, cc phin no phn bit cu sanh a di u c hin khi. Nh ngi sanh V tng thin trong T Thin, trung hu ca h do ph bng o gii thot m phi sanh vo a ngc. Li khi thn ang a trn m sp sanh xung a di, khi ln cu sanh i nhun sanh xung a di. Nh c ch ni ngi sanh a trn khng khi phin no a di, l da theo a phn m ni, hoc ni theo mn ty chuyn. Phin no a di cng duyn a trn m khi. Lun Du gi ni: "Tham" h thuc ci Dc m vn cu sanh a trn l v thch nh a trn, cng nh bao sn nhu, cng ghen ght, tt khi duyn Dit v o m khi, th cng nn ni ghen ght v tt duyn Ly dc a m khi. V tng duyn cc hnh sc tm ba ci m chp ng ng s (thn kin) l on hoc l thng (bin kin) m khi mn, th l u c duyn ci trn m khi ln. Cn li nm kin duyn ci trn m khi, l chc chn. Nhng c ch ni tham, sn, mn v.v... khng duyn ci trn, l ni theo tng th; hoc da theo duyn khc m ni. Khng thy ngi th gian no chp cc php ca tha a l ng v.v... v bin kin th phi da thn kin mi c c. Phin no a trn cng duyn php a di l ni k sanh ln ci trn, i vi hu tnh h gii, th c mnh cao hn m sanh tm ln lt.

Duyn chung cc hnh m chp lm ng, ng s l on hoc thng m a thch n th c duyn h a. Nghi v ba kin sau, nh l nn xt bit. Nhng m ni phin no ci trn khng duyn ci di, l da theo a phn m ni, hoc theo duyn khc m ni. - Mi phin no ny nhip thuc hc v no? - Ch nhip thuc hc v phi hc, phi v hc, ch khng nhip thuc vo hc v v hc v, v hc v v hc v ch l thin m n l nhim. - Mi phin no ny do kin s an, tu s on hay phi s on? - N khng phi phi s on. V phi s on l th khng nhim. Mi phin no ny nu l phn bit khi th ch do kin o l on, v th d on. Nu l cu sanh th ch do tu o on c, v vi t nn kh on. Mi th phin no phn bit khi thuc kin o on, tht s l kp on mt ln, v chn kin o mt ln tng duyn T . (Do m l T m c mi th phin no phn bit khi ln, nn khi thy r l T th mi phin no phn bit khi ny kp c dt sch). Nhng m tng T c tng c bit. Tng ngha l mi th phin no u do m l T m c. Kh, Tp l nhn, l ch nng ca mi phin no; Dit, o l ch mi phin no s hi. Bit ngha l ring m tng T m khi cc phin no, nh trong hai th thn kin v bin kin ch do m Kh m khi, cn tm th kia do m chung c Bn m khi. V thn v bin kin ch i vi thn kh qu m khi. V ring tng khng v tng v ng l thuc Kh (Kh c bn tng l v thng, kh, khng, v ng). Ngha l nghi v ba kin trc tip m l kh, cn hai th l chp vp ba kin , v chp gii cm th cng thn ng un cho l th thng c th t thanh tnh. i vi t kin v tha kin v quyn thuc ca n m th t ty lc khi ln tham, sn, mn (tc i mnh khi tham, i ngi khi sn, i quyn thuc khi mn), tng ng vi v minh (tc l th v minh i chung vi tham, sn ...) cng vi chn th kia ng m l Kh m khi. "Bt cng v minh" (hay c hnh v minh, n khng i chung vi tham, sn v.v... nn ch cho kin o on) th trc tip m l Kh m khi. Nghi v t kin th trc tip m l Tp ... m khi. Hai th v tham v.v... chun theo Kh nn bit. Nhng sn cng c th trc tip m Dit v o , v s hi Dit v o m sinh ra ghen ght, sn gin. Trc tip m l T v gin tip m l T v th tng l nh th. Nu ni tng vi t ca n l tham, sn, mn, ba kin v nghi cu sanh, th ty khi thch ng m n cng m l T nh trn. Cn hai kin cu sanh v i, mn, v minh tng ng vi n, tuy l do m Kh m c, nhng vi t kh on, phi tu o mi on c. Sn v c u i, mn cng v minh tng ng vi n l do m ring hu tnh hoc cnh s tng m c, khng tri vi tr qun l (v my th ny khng phi do l T m khi, nn n khng lm chng ngi tr qun l T ), nn cn phi khi tu o mi on c.

Tuy cc phin no ny u c tng phn, nhng bn cht cho n nng cy m bin ra tng phn th hoc c hoc khng, v c gi l phin no duyn hu s hay l phin no duyn v s (nh duyn cnh hin ti c tht m sanh phin no, gi l phin no duyn hu s c bn cht, cn duyn cnh qu kh, v li v.v... m sanh phin no, th gi l phin no duyn v s, khng c bn cht). Tng phn thn s duyn ca n tuy u l php hu lu, nhng bn cht ca n nng cy bin ra tng phn th cng thng c php v lu v c gi l phin no duyn hu lu hay phin no duyn v lu m khi (nh duyn php hu lu Kh, Tp m sanh phin no, th gi l phin no duyn hu lu, cn duyn php v lu Dit, o m sanh phin no th gi l phin no duyn v lu, hay gi hu lu, v lu duyn hoc). Phin no duyn t a (ni mnh ang ), th tng phn ca n tng t bn cht v c gi l duyn cnh c th do phn bit khi. Cn phin no duyn Dit, o v tha a (ni khc, ci khc) th tng phn ca n khng tng t bn cht, v c gi l duyn cnh tru tng danh ngn do phn bit khi. Cn cc mt phn bit khc v mi phin no, c nh l nn suy ngh. - ni tng su Phin no cn bn, cc Ty phin no tng n th no? Tng rng: Ty phin no l phn, Hn, ph, no, tt, xan, Di, nnh v hi, kiu, V tm v v qu, Tro c vi hn trm, Khng tn cng gii i, Phng dt v khng nh, Tn lon, khng chnh tri. Lun rng: "Ch l tnh ng lu v phn v sai bit ca cn bn phin no gi l Ty phin no (tc nhng phin no ty thuc ni cn bn phin no m c)". Ty phin no ny gm c hai mi th chia lm ba loi. Mi th t "phn, hn" n "hi, kiu", mi mi th khi ring, nn gi l Tiu ty phin no. V tm, v qu bin khp cc tm bt thin, nn gi l Trung ty phin no. Tm th t "tro c" n "bt chnh tri", bin khp tm nhim, nn gi l i ty phin no.

Phn l th no? L tnh tc gin i vi cnh khng nhiu ch trc mt, n c nghip dng l chng ngi tnh khng tc gin. Ngha l ngi m lng tc gin th thng pht hin ra thn biu nghip hung c (nh cm gy). Phn ly mt phn sn nhu lm t th. La sn th khng c tng v dng ca phn. Hn l th no? L tnh m lng hung c on kt khng b v nhng iu tc gin trc . N c nghip dng l chng ngi tm khng hn, d nng ny. Ngha l ngi kt hn th khng th n nhn m thng nng ny. N cng ly mt phn sn nhu lm t th. La sn nhu th khng ring c tng v dng ca hn. Ph l th no? L tnh che du ti li mnh lm, v s mt li dng danh d. N c nghip dng lm chng ngi tm khng che du, d hi hn, bc no. Ngha l ngi che du ti, v sau chc chn hi hn bc no khng an. C kin cho rng "Ph" ly mt phn si lm t th, v lun ni ph l mt phn ca si, v khng bit s s kh tng lai (si) nn che du ti li mnh. C kin cho rng ph nhip thuc mt phn tham v si, v cng s mt li dng danh d m che du ti mnh. Lun c theo mt th hin m ni n l mt phn ca si. Nh ni "Tro c" l mt phn ca tham, nhng ni tro c bin khp cc nhim tm, th khng th chp n ch l mt phn ca tham. No l th no? L tnh tn c hung bo truy xc do phn, hn pht sanh. N c nghip dng lm chng ngi tm khng no, d him c ... Ngha l truy nh iu on ght qua, li gp duyn ngang tri hin ra trc mt lm cho tm ni tn c, pht sanh hung bo, ni nng th b, him c vi ngi. N cng ly mt phn sn nhu lm t th. La sn nhu khng ring c tng dng ca no. Tt l th no? L tnh quay cung theo danh li, k khng chu ni trc s hin vinh ca ngi khc. N c nghip dng lm chng ngi tm khng tt , d lo bun. Ngha l ngi c tm k khi thy nghe ngi khc c s vinh hin th rt lo bun khng yn n. N cng ly mt phn sn lm t th. La sn th khng c ring tng v dng ca tt. Xan l th no? L tnh xan ln, m trc trc ti v php khng chu hu th cho ai. N c nghip dng lm chng ngi tm khng xan tham, a ct cha thp hn. Ngha l ngi c tm xan ln th hay keo rt, ct cha ti v php khng chu th x. N cng ly mt phn tham i lm t th. La tham th khng c tng v dng ca xan. Cung l th no? L tnh v mun c li dng danh d m tr ngy di hin mnh c c. N c nghip dng lm chng ngi tnh khng tr ngy, a t mn. Ngha l ngi kiu cung, tm thng mu k k l, di hin nhng iu bt tht, t mn. N cng ly mt phn tham, si lm t th. La tham, si th khng ring c tng v dng ca cung.

Sim l th no? L tnh quanh co him hc, v mun gt ngi m di by cc hnh nghi k l. N c nghip dng lm chng ngi tnh khng dua nnh v tnh d dy bo. Ngha l ngi c tnh nnh ht quanh co v ging li gt ngi m chiu thun theo thi nghi, di by phng tin c lng ngi, hoc che du li mnh khng chu nghe li dy bo ca thy bn. N cng ly mt phn tham v si lm t th. La tham v si th khng ring c tng v dng ca sim. Hi l th no? L tnh a lm tn hi kh no cc hu tnh, khng c cht thng xt. N c nghip dng lm chng ngi tnh khng hi, a bc no. Ngha l ngi c tm hi th a bc no ngi khc. N cng ly mt phn sn nhu lm t th. La sn nhu th khng ring c tng v dng ca hi. Nn bit, chun theo mi mt thin, sn v hi, tng khc nhau, khng sn th cho vui (t), khng hi th cu kh (bi) khc nhau. Kiu l th no? L tnh m say kiu ngo, nhim m su xa i vi s vinh thnh ca mnh. N c nghip dng lm chng ngi tnh khng kiu v lm ch nng cho nhim m. Ngha l ngi m say kiu ngo th d sanh trng ht thy iu tp nhim. N cng ly mt phn tham i lm t th. La tham i th khng ring c tng v dng ca kiu. V tm l th no? l tnh khng bit nhn li iu mnh lm, c khinh khi chng c iu hin thin. N c nghip dng lm chng ngi tnh bit h, sanh trng iu c. Ngha l i vi iu mnh lm khng bit nhn li, c khinh khi chng c hin thin, khng bit h trc iu ti li, sanh trng cc iu c. V qu l th no? L tnh khng bit nhn ngi khc, c tn sng qu trng iu bo c. N c nghip dng lm chng ngi tnh bit thn, sanh trng iu c. Ngha l khng bit trng nhn ngi khc, c nhm mt tn sng qu trng iu bo c, khng bit h ti li, sanh trng cc c hnh. khng bit h ti li, l tng thng c hai th v tm, v qu. Cho nn cc Thnh gio gi ni l th. Nu chp "khng bit h" l hai tng ring, khng h theo v tm v khng h theo v qu, th th n vn khng sai khc. Do m hai php y khng th cng sanh mt ln, khng phi nh th v tng c ngha . Nu v i i vi t vi tha m lp ra v tm v v qy, th n khng phi tht c, bn tri vi Thnh gio. Cn nu chp nhn hai th l c tht th m pht khi ring bit, th li tri vi lun ni hai th u bin khp cc c tm. Khi tm bt thin ni ln th bt c duyn cnh no cng u c tnh khinh khi chng c iu thin v tn sng qu trng iu c, cho nn ni hai th v tm v v qu ny bin khp cc c tm, cnh s duyn ca hai th khng khc, nn n khng c li khi ring. Nhng cc Thnh gio ni khng nhn n mnh v ngi, l chnh mnh lm gi l t, th gian gi l tha. Hoc trong chng c thin hay tn sng c i vi mnh n em li li ch hay tn hi m gi l t v tha, nhng lun ni n l mt phn ca tham v.v... tc l ni n l phn ng lu ca tham v.v... ch khng phi chnh tham l tnh ca tham v.v... ch khng phi tham l tnh ca v tm, v qu (tc do tham din tin m thnh v tm, v qy ch n khng phi mt phn ca tham).

Tro c l th no? L tnh khin tm khng tch tnh i vi cnh. N c nghip dng lm chng ngi hnh x v vic tu Xa ma tha (tc tu Ch). C kin cho rng tro c nhip thuc v mt phn tham. Lun ch ni n l mt phn ca tham, v n do nh li chuyn vui ngy trc m pht sanh. C kin cho rng tro c khng phi nhip v tham, v Lun ni: "Tro c bin khp cc nhim tm". Li tng ca tro c l khng tch tnh, v n l tng chung gia cc phin no. Tro c nu la cc phin no th khng c tng v dng ring. Tuy da tt c phin no m gi lp, nhng trong phn tham tng hn nn ni tro c l mt phn ca tham. C kin cho rng tro c c t tnh ring, n bin khp cc nhim tm, nh bt tn v.v... khng phi v ni n l mt phn ca ci khc m th n khng tht. Ch bo bt tn v.v... cng l gi hu. Nhng Lun ni: "N ch c theo ngha th tc, cng nh thy min v.v... ", l ni theo tng ca ci khc (theo phin no khc). Tng ring ca tro c chnh l tnh huyn ng lm cho Tm, Tm s cng sanh vi n khng c tch tnh. Nu la phin no, khng ring c tng tro c, khng nn ni ring tro c lm chng ngi Xa ma tha. Cho nn khng tch tnh, khng phi l tng ring ca tro c. Hn trm l th no? L tnh khin tm i vi cnh khng kham ni. N c nghip dng lm chng ngi khinh an v vic tu T bt x na (tu Qun). C kin cho rng hn trm l mt phn ca si. Lun ch ni n l si phn, hn mui trm trm trng l tng ca si. C kin cho rng hn trm khng phi ch nhip v si. Ngha l khng kham ni l tng ca hn trm. Tt c phin no u c tnh khng kham ni. La tnh khng kham ni khng ring c tng hn trm. Tuy da tt c phin no m gi lp hn trm, nhng trong v tng si tng hn, nn ch ni hn trm l mt phn si. C kin cho rng hn trm c t tnh ring. Tuy gi l si phn, nhng l ng lu ca si, cng nh bt tn v.v... khng phi n chnh l si. Ni theo tha tng (l theo tham, sn, si m c n), gi n l c theo ngha th tc, cng nh thy min v.v... l c tnh tht. Tng ring ca hn trm chnh l hn mui trm trng, khin cho Tm, Tm s cng sanh vi n cng trm trng khng kham ni. Nu la phin no ra th khng ring c tng hn trm; khng nn ni ring hn trm lm chng ngi vic tu T bt x na. Cho nn tnh khng kham ni, khng phi l tng ring ca hn trm. Hn trm vi tng si c khc nhau l, si th m m i vi cnh, trc tip chng ngi khng si, nhng khng phi hn m trm trng. Cn tng ca hn trm l hn m trm trng i vi cnh, v trc tip chng ngi khinh an, nhng khng phi m m. Bt tn l th no? L tnh ca tm u khng nhn chu vui thch mong mun i vi Tht, c, Nng. N c nghip dng lm chng ngi lng tin thanh tnh, v lm ch nng cho a lc. Ngha l ngi khng c lng tin th d bing li, ba tng ca bt

tn, ngc li vi tn l tin Tht, c, Nng. Nhng cc php nhim u c tng ring, ch bt tn ny t tng l trc li lm trc cc Tm, Tm s khc, nh vt rt nhp, t lm nhp li lm nhp vt khc, cho nn ni bt tn ly tm u lm tnh. Do bt tn nn i vi Tht, c, Nng khng nhn chu, vui thch, mong mun ch khng phi bt tn c tnh ring. Nu i vi vic khc m tm nhn chu, vui thch mong mun mt cch t vy, th ch l nhn qu ca khng tin (thuc t dc, t thng gii) ch khng phi l t tnh ca bt tn. Gii i l th no? L tnh li bing i vi vic tu thin on c. N c nghip dng lm chng ngi tinh tn v lm tng nhim. Ngha l ngi li bing th nui ln s nhim. Ngi sing nng theo vic nhim cng gi l gii i, v s sing nng lm h mt iu thin. Ngi sing nng theo vic v k th i vi iu thin cng khng c tin thoi g. y ch thuc dc v t thng gii, ch khng c tnh ring ca s sing nng . Nh i vi vic v k m nhn chu, vui thch, mong mun th khng phi l tnh hay nhim, cng khng phi l tn hay bt tn. Phng dt l th no? L tnh phng ng, khng bit phng nga iu nhim, tu iu thanh tnh. N c nghip dng lm chng ngi tnh khng phng ng v lm ch da cho iu c c tng, iu thin b gim. Ngha l do gii i v tham, sn, si nn khng ngn nga nhim, khng tu tp thanh tnh, gi chung l phng dt, ch khng phi c t th phng dt ring. Tuy mn, nghi v.v... cng c kh nng ny nhng so vi gii i v tham, sn, si th mn, nghi yu km khng mnh nh tham, sn si lm chng ngi ba thin cn v gii i l chng ngi tinh tn (nn khng da vo mn, nghi lp phng dt). Suy cu tng phng dt cng nh tng bt phng dt. Tht nim l th no? L tnh khng ghi nh r rng cc cnh s duyn. N c nghip dng lm chng ngi chnh nim v lm ch da cho tn lon. Ngha l ngi tht nim th tm tn lon. C kin cho rng tht nim l mt phn ca nim, v l ci nim c phin no tng ng. C kin cho rng, tht nim l mt phn ca si, v lun Du gi ni: "Tht nim l si phn". Si khin cho nim b mt, nn gi l tht nim. C kin cho rng tht nim l mt phn ca tham, sn, si v.v... v do hai vn trc i chiu lc ni, v Lun cn ni: "Tht nim bin khp cc nhim tm". Tn lon l th no? L tnh lm cho tm lu ng i vi cnh s duyn. N c nghip dng lm chng ngi chnh nh v lm ch da cho c tu. Ngha l ngi tn lon th pht sanh c tu. C kin cho rng tn lon nhip thuc vo tham, sn, si, v Tp Lun ni: "Tn lon l ba phn tham, sn, si". Lun Du gi ni: "Tn lon l si phn", l v n bin khp cc tm nhim, tc l tham, sn, si khin tm lu linh phng ng hn php g khc, nn ni l tn lon.

C kin cho rng tn lon c th t th ring. Tp Lun ni: "Ba phn tham, sn, si ...", l ni tn lon l tnh ng lu ca ba th tham, sn, si, nh v tm v.v... ch khng phi ni tn lon chnh l tham, sn, si. Ty theo tng khc (l tng tham, sn, si) m ni, gi l c theo ngha th tc. Tng ring ca tn lon l tho ng nhiu lon khin cho Tm, Tm s cng sanh vi n u b lu ng. Nu la ba th tham, sn, si khng c t th tn lon ring, th Lun khng nn ni ring tn lon lm chng ngi Tam ma a (nh). - Tro c v tn lon tc dng khc nhau th no? Tro c khin tm bin i s hiu bit (cng ni mt cnh m bin ng, va hiu ny li hiu khc, khng yn nh ngn n soi mt ch m c nhp nhy) tn lon khin tm bin i cnh duyn (va duyn cnh ny i sang duyn cnh khc khng yn nh ngn n va soi ch nsy li soi ch khc lia la). Tuy trong mt st na th hiu bit v cnh duyn khng i, nhng trong nhiu st na tip ni th c s bin i . Trong khi tm nhim, thng do nng lc ca tro c v tn lon m lm cho tm bin i hiu bit v bin i cnh duyn. Nu c lc tm ng yn l hoc do nng lc ca nim v.v... ch phc nh dy buc kh, vn khin ng yn tm thi, cho nn tro c v tn lon u bin khp cc tm nhim. Bt chnh tri l th no? L tnh hiu lm i vi cnh s qun. N c nghip dng lm chng ngi s hiu bit ng, lm ch da cho s hy phm. C kin cho rng bt chnh tri nhip v mt phn ca tu, tc tu c phin no tng ng thnh bt chnh tri. C kin cho rng bt chnh tri l nhip v mt phn ca si, v lun Du gi ni: "Bt chnh tri l si phn". Si khin ci bit khng ng, gi l bt chnh tri. C kin cho rng bt chnh tri l mt phn chung ca cc phin no, v do hai vn trc y i chiu lc ni, v lun cn ni: "Bt chnh tri bin khp cc nhim tm". - Trong bi tng c ba ch "d, tinh, cp" l hin th ty phin no khng phi ch c 20 th, v trong lun Tp S ni: "C nhiu th phin no ca tham, sn v.v..."; ni: "Ty phin no cng nhip lun c cc phin no nhim khc ngoi 20 th trn", v n l tnh ng lu ca cn bn phin no trc kia. Cc php phin no nhim khc ng loi vi cn bn phin no th ch gi l Ty phin no, ch khng nhip vo cn bn phin no. Nay ch ni hai mi Ty phin no l v n khng phi cn bn phin no, n ch nhim v th trng. Cn nhng php nhim khc hoc l phn v ca Ty phin no, hoc l tnh ng lu ca Ty phin no, u nhip thuc vo y. Ty theo loi khc nhau, nh l nn bit. - Trong hai mi Ty phin no nh th, tiu ty mi, i ty hai, chc chn l gi c; cn v tm, v qu, bt tn, gii i chc chn l tht c, v c gio v l chng thnh. Tro c, hn trm, tn lon ba th, c kin cho l gi, c kin cho l tht. V dn gio v l lm chng, nh trc nn bit.

- Hai mi Ty phin no u c cu sanh v phn bit, v n ty theo th lc ca hai th phin no cn bn cu sanh v phn bit pht khi. - Trong hai mi Ty phin no , tiu Ty phin no mi th t phn, hn, n hi, kiu l ln lt thay nhau sanh khi, ch chc chn khng cng sanh khi mt ln, v tnh n tri nhau. Hnh tng mi th th trng mnh lit, t lm ch ring. Cn trung Ty phin no hai th l v tm, v qu th tng ng vi tt c tm bt thin, n cng sanh khi mt ln vi c tiu ty v i ty. Lun ni: "i Ty phin no tm th t bt tn, n bt chnh tri th bin khp cc nhim tm, n thay nhau cng sanh khi vi tiu ty, trung ty". C ch ni su th l bt tn, gii i, phng dt, tht nim, tn lon v tro c tng mnh th cng khi mt ln. C ch ni nm th bin khp nhim tm v hn trm, tro c ch tri vi thin, ngha l hn trm th chng khinh an, tro c th chng hnh x. - Hai mi Ty phin no ch l nhim nn khng tng ng vi thc th tm. Thc th by ch l tng ng vi tm i ty. Hoc th hoc x khc nhau nn bit nh trn. Thc th su tng ng vi c hai mi th. Tiu ty mi, c tnh th mnh khng tng ng vi nm thc trc, trung ty v i ty thng nhau, trong nm thc u c . - Do trung ty, i ty tng ng vi nm th. C kin cho rng tiu ty mi tr ba l sim, cung, kiu, by th cn li l phn, hn v.v... tng ng vi ba th l h, u, x; ba th sim, cung, kiu tng ng vi bn th, tr kh th. C kin cho rng phn v.v... tng ng vi bn th, tr lc th; cn sim, cung, kiu ba th th tng ng vi c nm th. thc c kh th, trc ni. Tng Ty phin no tng ng vi nm th. Ba th cn li tng ng thm lc th. Trung ty, i ty th tng cng c ngha ng nh th. - Hai mi Ty phin no nh th u cng sanh khi vi nm Bit cnh, v khng tri nhau. Nim nhim, tu nhim (nim nhim tc l tht nim, tu nhim tc bt chnh tri). Tuy khng cng pht sanh vi nim v tu, nhng n l si phn (v minh), nn cng c tng ng. "Nim" cng duyn c loi cnh hin ti v thng tp quen, "Phn" cng duyn c st na qu kh, cho nn phn v nim cng c tng ng nhau. Khi nh nhim pht khi, tm cng tho ng nhiu lon, cho nn lon v nh tng ng. - Trung ty hai, i ty tm, vi mi th cn bn phin no, cng tng ng nhau. Tiu ty mi th chc chn khng tng ng vi c kin v nghi, v tng n th ng; cn c kin v nghi th thm xt vi t. Phn, hn, no, tt, hi nm th tng ng vi mn v nghi, ch khng tng ng vi tham v sn, v n l mt phn ca sn. Xan, si, mn cng tng ng vi nhau ch khng phi tham v sn cng tng ng c, v n l mt phn ca tham. Kiu thi tng ng vi si, khc vi mn v gii i, l mt phn ca tham. Ph, cung, sim, tham, si, mn tng ng nhau, v hnh tng khng tri nhau, u l mt phn ca tham, si.

Tiu ty by l phn, hn, no, ph, tt, kiu, hi. Trung ty hai l v tm, v qy, ch nhip v tnh bt thin. Tiu ty ba l sim, cung, kiu. i ty tm cng thng c tnh v k. - Tiu ty by, trung ty hai, ch nhip thuc v Dc gii. Cung v sim thng c Dc v Sc gii. Cc th cn li thng c ba ci. Sanh h a, c th khi sanh mi mt th ca thng a, v tham m nh cnh m khi tm kiu, i vi Dc gii li khi tm cung, sim. Nu sanh thng a th khi mi th sau ca h a, t kin v i tng ng nhau nn c th khi ln ni . Tiu ty mi, khi sanh thng a, th khng cn l do khi ln h a, v n khng phi th trc tip nhun sanh v khng phi t kin ph bng tch dit. Trung ty hai, i ty tm ci di cng duyn c ci trn; v tng ng vi tham duyn ci trn m khi vy. C kin cho rng tiu ty mi th ci trn di khng th duyn ci trn; v hnh tng n th trng, thin cn khng th chp th cnh xa. C kin cho rng tt v.v... cng duyn c ci trn, v i vi php ci cao hn m sanh tt . i ty tm th thm sim, cung ci trn cng duyn c ci di; v tng ng vi "mn" duyn ci di m khi ln vy. V nh Phm thin i vi Thch t khi tm sim, cung, "Kiu" khng duyn ci di v khng phi i tng ng th. -Hai mi Ty phin no u nhip thuc phi hc, phi v hc, v n ch l nhim, m hc v v hc l tnh. -Mi th sau trong hai mi Ty phin no ch thng kin o v tu o on, v n tng ng vi hai th cn bn phin no cu sanh v phn bit khi ln. - Phin no kin s on l th phin no ty ch n m v tng T hoc tng hoc bit, cng lc sanh ra, cho nn ty s thch ng m n u thng c bn b hoc (tc bn b phin no do m l Bn pht sanh, phin no do m mt m sanh, l mt b hoc, m Bn thnh bn b hoc). M Bn hoc trc tip m, hoc gin tip m, u ni nh cch ni v phin no. C kin cho rng mi th trc trong 20 Ty phin no ch l th phin no do tu on, v nhm vn cu sanh, duyn cnh s tng th thin. C kin cho rng n cng thng c kin o v tu o an, v da theo th lc hai th cn bn phin no l cu sanh v phn bit khi ln, v duyn t kin ca ngi khc cng sanh phn, hn v.v.... Kin s on hoc (phin no do kin o an tr) l ty theo nng lc n duyn Bn hoc tng v bit nn n u thng c bn b hoc (bn b phin no).

Trong y c kin cho rng phn v.v... ch gin tip duyn theo lu hoc m l Bn pht sanh, ch khng phi trc tip m l Bn ; v hnh tng n th thin khng chp th c i su xa. C kin cho rng tt v.v... cng trc tip m l Bn , v i vi Dit D, o sanh ganh ght. Nhng mi th nh phn, hn v.v... ch duyn cc s tht, v phi da bn cht ca s tht mi sanh dc. Duyn php hu lu, chun theo trn y m bit. (Ht cun VI ca bn Hn)

---o0o--XI.THC BIN HIN TH BA ( tip theo phn 2)

ni tng ca hai mi Ty phin no, bn Bt nh tm s, tng n th no? Tng ni: Bt nh l Hi, Min, Tm, T hai u hai. Lun rng: "Bn th Hi, Min, Tm, T i vi thin v nhim u bt nh; khng phi nh xc, tc v.v... nh bin khp cc tm; khng phi nh dc, thng gii v.v... nh bin khp cc a, cho nn lp tn bt nh". Hi l tc, l tnh ght vic mnh lm, truy c hi hn; c nghip dng lm chng ngi tu ch (v hi th hay tro c). y l danh t chnh ni qu (truy hi) m gi lp nhn ( tc), trc ght vic mnh lm (nhn), sau mi nh li hi hn (qu); hoc hi hn sao trc kia ta khng lm, cng l tc, nh truy hi rng: " Sao ta trc kia khng lm vic nh th, nh th, y l tc". Min l thy min, ng ngh, c tnh khin tm mui lc (lit), thn khng t ti, v c nghip dng lm chng ngi tu qun (v min th hay hn trm). Ngha l khi n ng m th thn khng t ti, tm rt hn m bi lit, n ch mt mt hng bn trong. "Mui" l khc vi khi tu nh, "lc" l khc vi khi thc. hin by thy min khng phi l khng c th dng, tuy nm v tm v (l khi khng c thc khi ln, v tm nh khi nhp V tng nh, Dit tn nh, thy min, cht ngt, tri V tng) cng gi lp tn gi thy min nhng cng nh nm ci v mi trin. Nm ci l nm th ngn che tm, l tham dc, sn nhu, hn trm, thy min, tro c tc, v nghi. Mi trin l mi th tri buc tm, l v tm, v qu, tt xan, hi, min, tro c, hn trm, phn, ph) tng ng vi tm (cho nn ni nh c tht th dng).

- C kin cho rng : "Hi v min ly si lm th, v lun Du gi ni: "N l Ty phin no v si phn". - C kin cho rng ni th khng ng, v Hi, Min cng thng c thin tnh. Nn ni hai th nu nhim th ly si lm th, nu thanh tnh tc ly khng si lm th. Lun da theo phn nhim m ni Hi, Min l nhip vo Ty phin no v si phn. - C kin cho rng kia ni th cng khng ng l, v Hi, Min cng thng v k m v k th tnh khng phi si v khng si. Nn ni tc ly t v tu lm th, v do tu v t suy xt chn la vic lm. Cn thy min th hp dng mt phn t v tng lm th, v khi ng vn t tng cc cnh mng. V Lun u ni n ch c theo ngha th tc. Tnh nhim ca Hi, Min l tnh ng lu ca si; nh bt tn l si phn. C kin cho rng ni th khng ng, v khng phi t, tu, tng, m chnh ly s trin phc thn tm l tnh ca Hi, Min. Nn ni hai th Hi, Min u c t th ring, v c hnh tng khc vi cc Tm s khc, nhng v ty theo tng si m ni c Hi, Min, nn gi l c theo th tc. Tm l tm cu, l tnh khin tm mau chng i vi cnh ngn, qun st mt cch th thin. T l t st, l tnh khin tm mau chng i vi cnh ngn (cng ca thc tip nhn phn nhiu da theo danh ngn, ni cch khc l cnh ch c trn danh ngn, ch khng c trn thc t - n hu gi danh, v tht ngha). Qun st mt cch t nh, c hai th Tm v T ny u c nghip dng lm ch nng thn tm c an tr hay khng an tr. N ly mt phn t v tu lm th, v i vi cnh ngn suy t nng cn hay su xa m Tm v T thnh c ngha khc nhau. Nu la t v tu th hai th Tm v T khng c th loi ring. - Trong bi Tng ch "hai u hai" c kin cho rng Tm v T mi th u c nhim v tnh hai loi. C kin cho rng li gii thch trn khng ng, v Hi v Min cng c hai loi nhim v tnh. Nn ni nh trc cc Tm s nhim c th l phin no, c th l Ty phin no. Hai th Hi, Min v Tm, T ny u c tnh bt thin v v k; hoc l mi th u c trin (hin hnh) v ty min (chng t). C kin cho rng li gii trn cng khng ng, v bi Tng sau khi nu bn th bt nh mi ni n ch "hai u hai" . Vy nn ni "hai" l ch cho hai th: Mt l Hi, Min, hai l Tm, T. Hai th c hai , chng loi khc nhau. Cho nn ni mt ch "hai" l hin th hai th hai. Ngha l mi th u c hai l nhim v khng nhim, ch khng phi nh cc Tm s kia hoc ch l thin, hoc ch l nhim. Hoc ch n gin bit vi Tm s nhim cho nn ni "hai u hai" . C ngi cng ni bn th l Ty phin no.

Nay v hin th ngha "Bt nh" ca bn th kia, nn ni" hai u hai". Tng ni nh th rt c tc dng vy. - Trong bn th , Tm v T chc l gi c, v Thnh ni: "N l do t v tu hp thnh". Hi v Min c ngi cng ni l gi c, v lun Du gi ni: "N ch c theo th tc". C kin cho rng hai th Hi, Min l tht c, ch hai th Tm T l gi c. Ni "c theo th tc" l ni da theo tng phin no khc mi c, ch khng phi ch hai th Hi, Min l gi c. Li nh chng t trong thc, th n tuy tht m c lun cng ni "ch c theo th tc". Trong bn th Tm v T khng tng ng nhau, v th loi tuy ng m bn Tm th, bn T t khc nhau. Da theo Tm, T c nhim hay la nhim m lp ra ba a khc nhau l hu tm hu t a (ci Dc v S Thin gia hnh), v tm duy t a (S Thin cn bn), v tm v t a (Nh Thin), ch khng da theo chng t hin hnh ca n c hay khng, cho nn khng tp lon. - Tm, T v Hi, Min tng ng c vi nhau. Hi, Min cng tng ng nhau. - C bn th u khng tng ng vi thc th by, th tm, nh trc ni. Hi, Min ch tng ng vi thc th su, ch khng tng ng vi nm thc trc. C kin cho Tm, T cng tng ng nm thc trc, v lun ni: "Nm thc c Tm T". Li ni Tm, T chnh l by cch phn bit, l hu tng phn bit, v tng, nhm vn, tm cu, t st, nhim , bt nhim phn bit. Lun Tp Tp li ni: "Nhm vn phn bit", l ng thc (ng thc ch phn bit mt cch nhm vn t nhin, ch khng phn bit theo cch c tm cu, t st). - C kin cho rng Tm, T ch tng ng vi thc. Lun ni: "Tm cu, t st u l php ring ca thc". - Li ni Tm, T tng ng vi u v h th, ch khng ni tng ng vi kh v lc th; cn x th th bin khp, khng i ni. Ti sao khng ni Tm T tng ng vi kh v lc th? Tuy S tnh l (S Thin), a vn c lc th, nhng lc khng ri h, nn chung gi l h. Tuy ch thun kh, c kh th ni a, nhng n tng t vi u, nn gi chung l u. Li ni Tm, T ly danh thn, c thn v.v... lm cnh s duyn, ch khng phi nm thc trc m c th ly danh thn, c thn v.v... lm cnh s duyn. Nh Lun Du gi ni: " nm thc c Tm, T", l hin th Tm, T sut nh, phn nhiu do nm thc dn khi, ch khng phi ni Tm, T tng ng vi nm thc. Lun Tp Tp ni: "Nhm vn phn bit", l nm thc, vi ngha phn bit c ni trong lun Du gi c khc nhau. Tp Tp kia ni: "Nhm vn phn bit" chnh l nm thc tc ch cho t tnh

phn bit; cn Du gi by th phn bit chnh l Tm, T tng ng vi ng cu thc. Cho nn kia dn chng khng thnh. Do nm thc quyt nh khng c Tm, T. - C kin cho rng tc tng ng vi u v x th, v n ch c trong khi lo u, thng c tnh v k. Thy min tng ng vi c h, u v x th, v hnh tng n thng c khi trung dung va mng va lo. Tm, T tng ng vi c u, h, x, lc th, v S tnh l thc tng ng vi lc. - C kin cho rng bn th Bt nh cng tng ng vi kh th, v trong ch thun kh, thc tng ng vi kh. - Bn th tm s Bt nh du tng ng vi nm Bit cnh, v hnh tng v s duyn ca hai bn khng tri nghch nhau. - Hi, Min ch tng ng vi mi Thin tm s, v ch ci Dc khng c tm khinh an. Tm, T th tng ng c mi mt Thin tm s, v trong S tnh l vn tng ng vi khinh an. Hi ch tng ng vi v minh. V hnh tng n th m tham v.v... th vi t, Thy min, Tm, T tng ng vi mi tiu Ty phin no, v kia, dy qua li khng tri nhau. Hi cng tng ng vi trung, ty, i ty hoc, ch khng phi vi phn, v phn v.v... mi tiu ty, v tiu ty mi th u t ch. Thy min, Tm, T tng ng vi c hai mi Ty phin no, v trong khi thy min u khi ln cc phin no . Bn bt nh tm s u thng c ba tnh thin, c, v k, v trong nghip v k cng c truy hi. - C kin cho rng hai th Hi, Min ch c sanh c thin, v hnh tng th b v mui lc. Cn hai th Tm, T cng thng c gia hnh thin (sanh c thin do tp quen t trc, by gi sanh ra l c, gia hnh thin l iu thin do c gng gn bn lnh, nghe Chnh php ri suy ngh thc hnh m c c), v trong khi nghe thnh tu vn c Tm, T. - C kin cho rng hai th Hi, Min cng c gia hnh thin, v trong khi vn v t vn c Hi, Min. Ba th Min, Tm, T u thng c nhim tnh v v k; cn tc (hi) th khng phi nhim, v s liu gii th mnh. Trong bn tnh v k l D thc, Oai nghi, Cng xo, Bin ha (thn qu bo D thc trong ba ci l D thc; i, ng, nm, ngi l oai nghi; khc chm v l cng xo, bin ha thn thng l bin ho). Hi ch c hai th v k gia v hnh tng n th mnh, khng phi nh (bin ha v k) v qu bo (D thc v k). Min th ch tr v k th t, v khng phi do nh dn sanh, trong tm D thc sanh cng c Min vy. Tm, T tr v k u, v s liu gii ca n vi t lit nhc, khng th tm st c cc danh ngha.

 tc v thy min ch c ci Dc. Tm, T c c Dc gii, v S tnh l, v cc php cc a trn u diu tnh, nn khng c bn Bt nh Tm s ny. Hi, Min khi sanh thng a chc khng cn hin khi. Tm, T khi sanh thng a cng c th duyn cnh h a, khi sanh h a cng c th duyn cnh thng a. - C kin cho rng hi, Min khng th duyn thng a, v hnh tng n th lu rt mui lc. - C kin cho rng Hi, Min cng duyn c cnh thng a, v nh ngi c t kin hi hn vic tu nh ca ci trn v v mng cng c th duyn khp cc vic tri qua. - Hi khng phi c v v hc, v khi la dc b Hi. Thy min, Tm, T u thng c ba hc. Ngi cu gii thot, c thin php hu vi, u gi l hc. Ngi hc n cu cnh c thin hu vi, th gi l v hc (thin php ny cn sanh dit nn gi l hu vi). Hi, Min ch thng kin o, tu o on tr, v n cng do th lc t kin khi ln, v khng phi do v lu o trc tip dn sanh, nn cng chng phi nh u cn do tham cu gii thot m c, hoc v on ri th gi l khng phi on. Tm, T tuy khng phi chn v lu o, nhng c th dn sanh v lu o v t v lu o dn sanh, nn n nhip c kin, tu v phi s on. - C kin cho rng Tm, T l phi s on, v trong nm php (l tng, danh, phn bit, chnh tr, nh nh), n ch nhip v phn bit, v lun Du gi ni: "Tm T l phn bit". - C kin cho rng Tm, T cng nhip thuc chnh tr, v chnh t duy trong Tm chnh o l v lu; v chnh t duy c th khin tm tm cu. Li ni Tm, T l nguyn nhn ca ngn thuyt (c Tm, T mi khi ngn thuyt). a v cha cu cnh th cha th bit khp thuc v bnh, (thuc l php mn tu, bnh l tm bnh ca chng sanh), do trong tr hu c, mun ni php dy ngi, phi nh n Tm, T ch khng phi nh Pht a, v cng dng m ni. Cho nn Tm, T cng thng v lu. Tuy ni Tm, T l phn bit, nhng khng nht nh ni n thuc php phn bit th ba, v trong chnh tr hu c cng ... phn bit. Cn phn bit bn Tm s Bt nh ny theo cc mt khc, chun nh trn m bit. (39) - Su v Tm s php nh trn l la Tm vng c t tnh ring hay chnh l phn v sai bit ca Tm vng? Nu vy c li g? C hai cch u c li. V nu la Tm vng (tm th) c t tnh ring th ti sao Thnh gio ni ch c thc (ch khng ni Tm s). Li ti sao ni tm mt mnh i xa (ch khng ni Tm s). Su gii l a, thy, ha, phong, khng thc hp thnh hu

tnh (ch khng ni Tm s hp thnh). Lun Trang Nghim ni: " Li lm sao thng c? " Nh lun ni tng rng: Cho tm t hai hin (t hai php thin nhim m hin) Nh vy, t "tham" thy. Hoc tng t "tn" thay, Khng php nhim, tnh ring. Nu Tm s chnh l phn v sai bit ca tm th ti sao Thnh gio ni cng vi tm tng ng. C tnh ring mi tng ng, ch khng phi t tnh m tng ng t tnh. Li lm sao ni Tm v Tm s cng thi khi nh mt tri v nh sng. V lun Du gi ni: "Li lm sao thng c". Lun ny ni rng Tm s chng phi chnh l tm. Nh bi Tng trong lun kia rng: Nm chng tnh khng thnh (ng chng tnh th un) Phn v sai bit, li (ni do phn v sai bit m lp nm un, sai) V nhn duyn khng khc (trong mt st na) L tri vi Thnh gio. Nn ni Tm s la tm c t tnh ring. V Tm thng hn nn ni l Duy thc, v Tm s da th lc ca tm m sanh nn ni tm t kia hin, ch khng phi php thin kia chnh l tm. Li phm ni ch "Thc tm" l cng nhip lun c Tm s, v thng tng ng vi tm. Do ni ch "Duy thc" v ni "hin t kia" u khng c li. Nhng y l ch da theo ngha th tc m ni l c, cn theo thng ngha th Tm s v Tm chng phi la, chng phi tc. Cc thc trng qua li vi nhau, nn bit cng th. l diu l chn tc ca i tha. - ni Tm s tng ng vi su thc, vy lm sao bit phn v hin khi ca n?

Tng rng: nng da thc cn bn, Nm thc theo duyn hin, ng thi khi, hoc khng, Nh sng mi nng nc, thc thng hin khi, Tr sanh tri V tng, V hai nh V tm, Khi ng say, cht ngt. Lun rng: Cn bn thc tc l thc A na th tm, l cn bn sanh ra cc thc nhim tnh. Nng da l su chuyn thc trc ly cn bn thc ny lm ch nng trc tip chung. Nm thc l nm chuyn thc trc. C chng loi ging nhau, cho nn chung li gi ch "ty duyn hin" l ni n khng phi thng sanh khi. "Duyn" tc l tc , cn, cnh, khng, minh, Cn bn y (tc thc th tm), Nhim tnh y (tc thc th by), Phn bit y (tc th su), Chng t y. Ngha l nm thc thn, bn trong nng cn bn thc, bn ngoi ty theo tc v nm cn, nm cnh, khi cc duyn ha hp mi hin khi c. Do hoc cng khi ln mt ln, hoc khng, v ngoi duyn hp li c khi gp, khi dn dn, nh sng nc ty theo duyn nhiu t m ni ln. Php v d nh th, ni rng nh trong kinh. Do nm chuyn thc hnh tng th ng, nng cy cc duyn nhiu khi khng , cho nn lc sanh khi th t m lc khng sanh khi th nhiu. Cn thc th su tuy cng th ng, nhng cc duyn m n nng cy khng lc no khng c , ch khi do duyn tri ngc (nh v tm nh), mi c lc khng sanh khi. Cn thc th by, thc th tm th hnh tng vi t, cc duyn m n nng cy lc no cng c, cho nn n khng b chng ngi v duyn lm cho n khng hin hnh. Li nm thc thn khng th t l, ch chuyn hng ra bn ngoi nh nhiu duyn mi khi c, cho nn lc gin on th nhiu, m lc hin hnh th t. thc th su, t mnh t l, chuyn hng c bn trong, bn ngoi, khng cn nh nhiu duyn cho nn ch tr nm trng hp khng hin khi m thi. V vy thc gin on th t, m hin khi th nhiu. Do khng ni thc ty duyn hin nh nm thc.

Nm trng hp l g? l sanh ci tri V tng v.v... Tri V tng l ngi tu nh V tng, do sc nhm chn t tng th ph m c sanh trong ci tri kia, tri vi Tm, Tm s khng hng hnh, ch ly s dit tng lm chnh, nn gi l tri V tng. Cho nn ti y su chuyn thc u on. - C kin cho rng ci tri kia thng khng c su thc, v Thnh gio ni: " ci kia khng c chuyn thc" ni: " ch c sc thn" (chi sc trong 12 chi),li ni: " l ch v tm". C kin cho rng ci tri kia khi sp mnh chung phi khi ln chuyn thc sau mi mnh chung, v tri kia phi khi ln phin no i nhun sanh v ci di. Lun Du gi ni: "Khi t tng lc sau cng hin ra th cc hu tnh ci y theo lin mt". Nhng ni ci tri khng c chuyn thc l da vo thi gian lu di m ni, ch khng phi hon ton khng c. - C kin cho rng tri V tng khi sanh cng c chuyn thc, v thn trung hu kia chc chn phi khi phin no i nhun sanh, nh thn bn hu cc ci Thin, lc mi sanh cng phi c chuyn thc (t khi cht n khi sanh l thn trung hu hay trung m, khi th sanh l thn sanh hu t khi sanh n khi cht l thn bn hu, khi cht l thn t hu. Gi l bn hu lu chuyn). Lun Du gi ni: "Nu sanh ci tri V tng, ch c nhp nh m khng khi nh". Nu c t tng khi sanh th lin cht mt ngay . Gi ni bc u sanh ca thn bn hu, nu khng c chuyn thc th lm sao c th gi l nhp nh? V trc c sau khng mi gi l nhp. Li trong Quyt trch phn ca lun Du gi ni: " tri kia nhng Tm, Tm s sanh c dit ht gi l v tng". Cu ny ni bc u sanh ca thn bn hu kia c chuyn thc D thc sanh tm khi, ch do sc nhn duyn tp nh t trc m sau chuyn thc khng cn sanh li. Do sc nh V tng dn khi ra phn v sai bit ca D thc v k m gi l v tng. Nh hai nh V tng v dit tn do gia hnh thin dn sanh, nn c gi l thin. Nu khng nh vy, ht thy chuyn thc khng hin hnh, th sao ni ch c Tm, Tm s sanh c dit ht? Cho nn bit trong bc u sanh ci tri V tng vn c su chuyn thc tm khi. - Tri V tng ch ti T tnh l (T Thin), v ci di th t tng th ng kh on tr, m thn D thc ci V sc trn th khng c ch D thc v tng. Chnh do t nghip dn pht ra V tng nh m chiu cm qu d thc ci tri V tng. Trong bi tng cu: "V hai nh V tm" l V tng nh v Dit tn nh. hai nh ny u khng c su thc, nn gi l v tm. V tng nh l c k d sanh (phm phu) dp c lng tham cu sanh ca ci tri Bin tnh Tam Thin, nhng cha dp c lng tham ci tri trn, do trc tin tc v tng xut l lm cho Tm, Tm s bt hng hnh (ni thc) on dit, ly s tng dit lm u m lp tn V tng. V lm cho thn an ha nn gi l nh. Tu

tp nh ny c ba bc: Bc tu h l php tu hin ti b thi m khng th mau chng lm cho n pht hin tr li, nn sau sanh ci tri V tng, thn khng my sng sch, hnh sc khng my rng ln. nh gia chng cht yu. Tu bc trung l php tu hin ti khng b thi, gi s c thi cng mau chng pht sanh tr li, nn sau sanh ci tri V tng, tuy thn rt sng sch, hnh sc rng ln, nhng khng hon ton. Tuy c cht yu nhng khng chc chn. Tu bc thng l php tu hin ti khng thi. Sau sanh ci tri V tng, thn rt sng sch, hnh sc rng ln, khng b cht yu, sng ht tui th mi cht. nh ny ch thuc vo T tnh l. Li l thin, v do thin gia hnh dn sanh. H a v thng a khng c nh ny, nh on trc ci tri V tng ni. Trong bn nghip l thun hin th, thun sanh th, thun hu th, thun bt nh th; nh ny c ba th, tr nghip thun hin th. - C kin cho rng nh ny ch khi ln Dc gii, do sc thuyt gio ca ngoi o m khi ln, v trong loi Ngi mi c tu gii rt mnh li. - C kin cho rng trc tu tp ci Dc, sau sanh ln ci Sc, c th dn pht hin ra, tr sanh tri V tng v tri Cu cnh. nh V tng ny do nhm chn t tng v hn thch qu bo ci tri V tng kia m nhp nh, cho nn n ch l hu lu, ch khng phi Thnh nh v lu. - Dit tn nh l bc Thnh Hu hc, V hc, hoc l bc Thnh Hu hc m bp hoc la ht lng tham cu sanh ci V s hu x, cn lng tham ci Phi phi tng khng nht nh. Do trc ht tc v s ngng dt tng lm cho Tm, Tm s nhim bt hng hnh ni su thc v mt phn hng hnh ni thc th by dit ht, m lp tn Dit tn. V v lm cho thn an ha nn cng gi l nh. Li do nhm chn ring "th" v "tng", nn cng gi l nh Dit th tng. Tu Dit tn nh ny c ba bc: Tu bc h th php tu hin ti b thi ri l khng th mau chng lm pht sanh tr li.Tu bc trung l php tu hin ti khng b thi, gi s c b thi cng mau chng lm pht sanh tr li. Tu bc thng, hon ton khng b thi. nh ny khi mi tu phi da ci tri Hu nh (Phi phi tng thin), duyn lch qun php v lu lm gia hnh m nhp. Trong chn bc nh th lp (T thin, T khng v Dit tn nh), nh ny cui cng , v tuy thuc ci Hu nh nhng nhip v v lu. Nu khi tu nh ny c t ti xut nhp, th nhng tm sau cng ca by a kia (ngoi Hu nh) nh ny cng c hin tin. nh ny tuy n thuc o , nhng nhip v chng phi hc, v hc, v y l tng t nh Nit bn. nh ny khi mi khi tu l trong ci Ngi, nh sc thuyt gio ca Pht v t Pht m pht khi; v v trong ci Ngi c tu gii cc mnh li. nh tu ci Dc m sau sanh ln hai ci trn ny cng c hin tin. Kinh di l chng c cho iu

ny. Ci tri V sc cng gi l tri thnh. Ngi i vi gio l dy v Tng thc cha c lng tin, th tuy c sanh ci V sc cng khng pht khi nh ny, v h s khng cn sc tm th tr thnh on dit. Nhng ngi c tm tin i l Tng thc, th khi sanh ci V sc, nh ny cng c hin ra, v h bit c Tng thc, khng s on dit. - Cn phi on ht lu hoc thuc kin s on ca ba ci mi pht khi nh ny, v hng D sanh phm phu khng th dp v dt Tm Tm s do kin s on ca ci Hu nh. Li nh ny vi diu phi do tr Hu c sau khi chng hai Khng mi dn pht sanh. C kin cho rng i trong nhm lu hoc tu s on ca tm a di (chn a tr Phi phi tng cn tm) phi dt ht chn phm tu hoc ca ci Dc, v khc phc tu hoc ca by a kia, vy sau mi pht khi c nh ny. V chng t lu hoc ci Dc c hai tnh l bt thin v hu ph rt phin tp, lm chng ngi nh dit tn ny rt mnh. Kinh lun ni ch qu Bt hon, Tam tha v hc, v cc B tt, mi c th c nh ny. Cc v y ty thch m sanh ln tm a trn, sau u khi ln c nh ny. C kin cho rng phi on ht lu hoc thuc loi tu s on bn a di, v dp hoc on cc lu hoc ca nm a khc, vy sau mi bt u khi ln nh ny, v chng t phin no tng ng vi bin d th (l kh, lc, u, h) bn a di, lm chng ngi vic tu nh ny rt mnh. Cc v ny ty theo s thch c sanh ln nm ci trn m nh ny u c khi ln sau. Hi: - Nu ch dp lu hoc ci di c th sanh khi nh ny, sau lu hoc v khng on m khng thi, vn c sanh ci trn. Lm sao sanh ci trn ri mi on lu hoc ci di? p: - on c, khng li g, nh ngi sanh ci trn m on cu sanh hoc ca thc Mt na ci di. Nhng hng Thnh Bt hon, do sc i tr mnh, chnh ngay khi thc nhun sanh, m khng khi hin hnh phin no nhun sanh, ch do chng t lu hoc (ch khng phi do hin hnh lu hoc) m nhun sanh ci trn thi. Tuy lu hoc b dp, hoc c thi khi, hoc khng thi khi, nhng khng c ngha dp lu hoc ci di m sanh thng a. Cho nn khng c ci li khi sanh ci trn mi on lu hoc ci di. C nhng B tt khi cn a v Nh tha c Dit tn nh, sau mi hi tm hng n i tha, mong trong tt c a v i tha ba Hin mi Thnh u khi ln nh ny. Nu khng c vy th hoc c hng i cho n khi Tht a (Vin hnh a) mn tm, mi c th dp vnh vin ht thy phin no. Tuy Tht a cha on hn tu hoc ca ci Dc, m nhu l on v c th khi ln nh ny, v Lun ni: "B tt vo Vin hnh a mi c th hin khi Dit tn nh".

Li c B tt li cn t S a c th dp hn ht thy phin no, nh A la hn. H trong Thp a u khi ln nh ny, v kinh ni: "Hng B tt su a u cng c th khi Dit tn nh". Bi Tng ni: "V tm thy min v mun tuyt", ngha l khi ng m man, v cht ngy trm trng th su thc trc khng hin hnh. Do cc duyn mt mi nng n dn thn n ch tri vi su thc, nn gi l ng m trm trng. Khi ng m tuy khng c t th Tm s ng, song do "ng" dn n t nh Tm s ng m gi gi l ng m. li do duyn cm mo gi v nng dn thn n ch tri vi su thc trc, cho nn gi cht ngt trm trng, hoc ni cc duyn u l thiu phn ca xc. Tr nm trng hp trn , thc thng hin khi. Hi: - Ngay trong khi sanh v cht cng khng c thc, ti sao ch ni nm trng hp trn, thc khng hin hnh? - C kin cho rng chnh khi cht v khi sanh cng u khng c thc, m ch "cp" v ch "d" trong bi Tng l ni r iu ? p: - Kia ni th khng ng, v sao? V Thnh gio ch ni c su trng hp v tm m thi. l nm trng hp nu trn v V d Nit bn. nn ni khi cht khi sanh, nhip thuc v khi cht ngt lm mt, v tm khi sanh v cht l trng hp rt mun tuyt vy. Tuy ni ch "cp" ch "d" chnh l hin th nm trng hp v tm, khi b ln ln. Trong y hin r sau khi su thc on, th da vo t chng ca n ni bn thc m khi tr li, do m khng cho nm trng hp v tm ny l nhp V d y Nit bn (V d y Nit bn th khng khi li thc). Trong nm trng hp v tm trn, k d sanh c bn, tr Dit nh; Thnh, ch c ba trng hp sau; trong Nh Lai v T ti B tt ch cn mt trng hp sau ht l Dit tn nh, ch khng c thy min, mun tuyt. Cho nn tm thc ni cc hu tnh, c thc th tm v th by l thng cng chuyn mt ln, nu khi thc th su th c ba thc cng khi l thc su, by, tm. Cn nm thc kia ty theo duyn hp m khi ln t mt n nm, thi c bn thc cng chuyn ( l Nhn thc, thc, Mt na, bt. Nh thc khi cng nh vy), cho n c tm thc cng chuyn. y l lc ni ngha cc thc cng khi sanh. Hi: - Nu mt hu tnh m c nhiu thc cng chuyn hin mt ln th ti sao ni l mt hu tnh? p: - Nu da theo thc khi ln nhiu t m lp hu tnh, th theo ng, ngi trng hp v tm l khng phi hu tnh sao? Li trong trng hp c mt phn tm ca ci khc hin ra, ti sao ch c th ni l t phn hu tnh (nh ci Ngi m trong

tm h khi ln nim c ca a ngc, sao khng gi ngi l hu tnh a ngc, m ch gi h l ngi?) Nhng l do lp hu tnh l da ni mng cn hoc D thc thc (qu bo thc), u khng tri l; v mng cn v thc D thc u thng c, v ch c mt (thnh mt hu tnh). Hi: - Mt thn ch mt i ng v gin duyn (ch mt thn m nim trc lm duyn cho nim sau, to thnh tip ni mt loi thn), vy ti sao cng lc li c nhiu thc chuyn hin? p: - chp nhn mt ng v gin duyn dn ra nhiu Tm s nim sau, th ti sao li khng chp nhn mt ng v gin duyn ny c th dn ra nhiu Tm vng? Li ai nht nh ni ng v gin duyn ch c mt? Nhng ni nhiu thc cng sanh th phi chp nhn c nhiu ng v gin duyn. Li nh mun cng mt lc tip nhn c nhiu cnh, nhiu cnh hin ra, lm sao khng kp nhn. V cc cn v cc cnh c s ha hp ngang nhau, m thc th sanh trc sanh l khng ng l. Li nh th tnh cc Tm s tuy khng khc nhau nhng th loi thin c khc nhau, chp nhn c nhiu tm cng sanh, th ti sao khng chp nhn Tm vng c cc th loi Tm s khc nhau vn c cng sanh mt ln? Li nh sng trong nc, bng trong gng, ch da ni mt nc v mt gng m khi ln nhiu th, cho nn da mt Tm vng m nhiu thc cng khi cng th. Li nu khng chp nhn thc cng khi vi nm thc, th nm thc tip nhn cnh s duyn khng th r rng, nh khi thc tn lon, duyn vt dit mt t lu. Hi: - Ti sao cng khi vi nm thc ch mt thc, m i vi sc, thanh v.v... li c th tip nhn mt th hoc nhiu th? o: - Nh Nhn thc v.v... mi mi i vi cnh ca ring mnh m tip nhn mt th hoc nhiu th, th c li g? V kin phn v tng phn ca su thc u c nhiu th. Hi: - Ti sao cc thc ng th loi vi nhau m khng cng sanh khi (trong mt st na khng hai thc ng loi khi ln) duyn mt cnh? p: - i vi cnh s duyn, nu c th nhn r th mt thc c th nhn r ri, cc thc khc khng dng na. Hi: - Nu vy, nm thc nhn r cnh ca ring mnh, cn g c thc cng khi mi nhn r? p: - Ng cu thc cn gip cho nm thc khi, ch khng phi ch mt vic nhn r cnh ca nm thc duyn. Li thc i vi cnh s duyn ca nm thc c th nhn bit r rng khc vi nm thc, cho nn khng phi v dng. Do Thnh gio ni thc gi l c phn bit, cn nm thc th khng. Hi: - Nhiu thc cng khi sao khng tng ng nhau (nh Tm, Tm s tng ng nhau)?

p: - V khng phi ng mt cnh. Gi s ng mt cnh th ch nng cn v th loi ca thc ny thc kia khc nhau (nh nm thc nng nm cn m thc ch nng cn, nm thc tng ng ba mi bn Tm s m thc th tng ng nm mi mt Tm s). Vy nm thc cng nm cn tuy ng duyn mt cnh song khng tng ng nhau. - T tnh tm thc khng th ni nht nh l mt, v hnh tng (kin phn), ch nng (cn), cnh s duyn v Tm s tng ng khc nhau. Li mt thc ny dit, cc thc khc khng dit, v tng nng hun v s hun khc nhau. Nhng cng khng phi nht nh l khc, v kinh ni tm thc nh nc v sng bnh ng khng sai khc (thc th tm nh nc, by chuyn thc nh sng). Nu tm thc nht nh khc nhau th khng phi l tnh nhn qu ca nhau. Tm thc l y tha khi, v nh s huyn, khng c tnh nht nh. Nh trc ni thc tng sai bit l da theo l th tc m ni, ch khng phi theo l chn thng ngha; v trong l chn thng ngha th tm v ngn u dt. Nh bi tng trong kinh Lng gi ni: Tm, , thc tm th, Do tc, tng c khc, Do chn, tng khng khc, Tng, s tng u khng. Trn phn bit rng tng ca ba nm bin, lm ch nng cho hai phn Kin, Tng m n bin ra. Lm sao bit nng ni tng ca thc bin, gi ni l ng, l php, ch ng php khng c thc th ring v do m ht thy duy c thc ? Tng rng: Cc thc y chuyn bin, Phn bit, b phn bit, Do kia, y u khng, Nn ht thy Duy thc. Lun rng: Cc thc y, l ba thc nng bin v Tm s ca n nh ni trc, chng u c th bin ra tng t hai phn Kin v Tng, gi l chuyn bin. Kin phn c bin ra, gi l phn bit, v c kh nng nhn bit tng phn. Tng phn c bin ra, th gi l b phn bit, v l tng ca Kin phn nhn bit.

Do l ngha chnh ng , m bit ng v php kia la khi s bin hin ca thc, th u nht nh khng c. V la khi nng th (Kin phn) v s th (Tng phn) th khng c ring vt g c. Khng th c mt tht vt g la khi tng nng th, s th . Cho nn ht thy php Hu vi (Sc, Tm, Tm s, Bt tng ng hnh), V vi (H khng v vi v.v... ) hoc tht (sc, tm), hoc gi (Bt tng ng hnh) u khng la khi thc. Ch "Duy" ch ngn cc tht vt la ngoi thc, ch khng phi ngn lun Tm s php v.v... khng la thc (Duy l ngn ngoi cnh chng phi c), Thc l biu th Tm, Tm s chng phi khng). Hoc ch "chuyn bin" c ngha l ni thc chuyn hin ra tng ng php tng t nh l cnh bn ngoi. Chnh kh nng chuyn bin , gi l phn bit, v ly h vng phn bit lm t tnh, chnh l Tm v Tm s trong ba ci. Cnh c chp , gi l phn bit, tc l ng v php b vng chp cho l tht c. Do tnh phn bit bin ra gi ng, gi php t nh l cnh bn ngoi, ch tht ng v tht php b phn bit chp trc kia quyt nh u l khng c. Trc kia dn gio v l ph iu . Th nn ht thy duy c thc, ch do h vng phn bit m c thi, iu cc thnh. Ch "Duy khng ngn nhng php khng la thc, vy chn khng v.v... cng l c, m khng la thc. Do xa la bnh chp trc nh bin l chp tng v chp gim, nn ngha l Duy thc c thnh tu, kh hp Trung o. Hi: - Do gio l g m ngha l Duy thc c thnh lp? p: - iu , chng ni ri sao? Hi: Tuy ni m cha r, v khng phi ch ph ngha l ca ngi khc, m ngha l ca mnh t nhin c thnh. Hy nn trnh by xc ng thm thnh lp gio l Duy thc ny. p: - Kh kinh ni: "Ba ci duy tm"; li ni: "Cc cnh s duyn u Duy thc bin hin"; li ni: "Cc php u khng la tm", li ni" "Hu tnh cu hay tnh l do tm"; li ni: "Hng B tt thnh tu c bn tr, th c th ty theo ng nhp l Duy thc v cnh". Bn tr l: 1. Tng vi thc tng tr Tc tr bit v tng mu thun nhau gia cc thc. Ngha l nh i ni mt cnh m qu, ngi tri theo nghip sai khc, nhn thy khc nhau (nh ng mt cnh m qu thy l mu,ngi thy l nc, tri thy l lu ly). Cnh nu tht c, th ti sao ly khc nhau nh vy?

2. V s duyn thc tr - Tc tr bit v thc duyn v cnh. Nh khi duyn cnh tng qu kh, v li v cnh trong mng, n khng phi cnh tht m thc vn hin thy c. Cnh kia khng m vn thy c, th cc cnh khc trong hin ti cng vy. 3. T ng v o tr - Tc tr bit v tr k ngu t khng in o. Nh nu tr k ngu duyn ng c cnh tht, th tr t nhin l tr khng in o, h khng cn phi dng cng tu vn c gii thot. ( ni nu ng php c tht th ngi no thy c ng php l ngi thy ng, khng in o. khng in o th h khng cn g phi tu dt ng chp cu gii thot). 4. Ty ba tr chuyn tr. l: a. Ty t ti gi tr chuyn tr - Tc ngi chng c tm t ti, ty h mun chuyn bin t thnh nc, nc thnh la u c. Cnh nu tht c, th lm sao chuyn bin c nh th. b. Ty qun st gi tr chuyn tr - Tc ngi tu php qun c thng nh, ty h qun mt cnh m hin ra nhiu tng vn c. Cnh nu c tht th lm sao li chuyn cnh theo tm c nh vy? c. Ty v phn bit tr - Tc khi khi ln tr v phn bit chng tht l chn nh, th mi cnh tng thng thng khng cn hin hin. Cnh nu c tht, th ti sao khi n khng hin hin? B tt thnh t bn tr nu trn th quyt chc ng nhp l Duy thc. Li tng ni: S duyn ca tm thc, u khng la tm t tnh. Cho nn Ta ni ht thy, Ch c thc, khng g khc. Nhng Thnh gio nh th chng minh khng phi mt. Cc thnh nhn thc v.v... v l mt trong nm thc, v nh cc thc kia, khng thn duyn c g ngoi sc cnh ca ring n. Cc thc khc, v l thc, v nh nhn thc, cng khng thn duyn c g ngoi cc php ca ring n. Tng phn thn s duyn ca su thc quyt nh khng la ngoi su thc, v n nhip vo mt trong hai phn Kin, Tng, v nh Kin phn duyn kia. Php s duyn v nh php tng ng (Tng phn), quyt nh khng la Tm v Tm s. Nhng gio l chn chnh chng minh cho ngha l Duy thc nh th, khng phi ch c mt. Cho nn, nn thm tn th l Duy thc: "Ng v php chng phi c, m

chn khng v chn thc nng duyn chng phi khng. La c la khng, mt kh hp Trung o". T tn Di lc nng l m ni hai bi tng rng: H vng phn bit c (do h vng phn bit m c Kin tng). Ni y, hai u khng (Ni Kin tng, ng php u khng). Trong y, ch c khng (Trong y tha Kin tng , ch c chn khng v ng). Ni , cng c y (Trong chn khng v ng cng c Y tha kin tng). Nn ni ht thy php (hu vi v vi). Chng khng, chng khng khng (C Y tha nn chng khng, khng Bin k nn chng c). C khng v c vy (C c khng v c). Th thi kh Trung o. Bi tng ny l ch da vo mt nhim phn Y tha khi m ni. ng l cng c tnh phn Y tha khi. Hi: Nu ch do ni thc hin ra tng t nh cnh bn ngoi, th ti sao hin thy trong th gian loi hu tnh v phi tnh c ni chn v thi gian quyt nh? Thn phn v tc dng khng quyt nh? p: - V nh cnh mng v.v... l iu gii thch ch nghi ny. Hi: - Duyn g c Th Tn ni mi hai x? p: - Mi hai x nng ni thc c bin hin, khng phi tht c ring. V dn ngi ng nhp l ng khng m c Th Tn ni mi hai x, ging nh ngn nga chp on kin m ni loi hu tnh tng tc. Li v dn ngi ng nhp l php khng nn li ni l Duy thc, khin h bit ngoi php cng chng phi tht c. Hi: - Tnh Duy thc ny, h chng phi cng khng nh ng php? p: - Khng phi vy. Hi: - Khng phi vy th th no? p: - Thc tnh khng phi l php ca vng tnh chp. Ngha l da vo ng php do thc bin, ly l suy xt th ng php y trng rng khng th nm bt c, nn ni l php khng, ch khng phi bo khng c "tnh Duy thc" do chnh tr ly ngn chng nhp,

m ni l php khng; v thc ny nu khng c, th khng c tc , nu tc khng c th chn cng khng; v chn tc da nhau m kin lp. Nu bc khng c hai , l c th khng, ch Pht ni l hng ngi khng th cha tr. Nn bit cc php c khng v bt khng. Do c T Tn ni hai bi tng trn kia. Hi: - Nu cc sc cng ly thc lm th tnh, thi ti sao n li tng t hin ra nh mt loi sc tng kin c tng tc? p: - l do th lc ca mnh ca danh ngn hun tp m khi ln, n lm ch nng cho php nhim v tnh. Ngha l sc tng ny nu khng c, th khng c in o vng chp, khng c in o vng chp th khng c tp nhim, cng khng c php thanh tnh. Th nn cc thc cng hin ra sc tng t. Nh c bi tng ni: Lon tng v lon th, (sc tng s bin v tm th nng bin) Nn nhn l sc thc, (lon tng) V chng phi sc thc, (lon th) Nu khng, ci khc khng (ci ny khng ci kia khng). Hi: - Ngoi cnh v sc thanh v.v... hin thy r rng, hin lng nhn bit c, ti sao bo l khng c? p: - Khi hin lng nhn bit th khng chp n l vt ngoi, sau thc khi ln phn bit mi tng lm cho n ngoi. Cho nn cnh hin lng l t tng phn bi thc bin hin, cng ni n l c, nhng v thc vng chp n l sc tht c bn ngoi, l vng chp c, nn mi n l khng. Li cnh sc, thanh v.v... l khng phi sc, thanh m t nh sc, thanh, khng phi ngoi thc m t nh ngoi. Nh cnh thy trong mng, khng th chp l cnh sc bn ngoi tht. Hi: - Nu sc thy c trong khi ang thc u nh cnh trong mng, khng la khi thc, cng nh khi t mng tnh dy lin bit sc l duy tm, th th c g khi ang thc y m i vi cnh sc ca mnh duyn, li khng bit l Duy thc? p: - Ging nh mng cha tnh, khng th t bit, phi i n khi tnh thc mi truy bit l cnh trong mng. Nn bit cnh sc trong khi ang thc y cng vy, nu cha n a v tht gic ng th khng th bit, phi i n khi tht gic ng, mi c th truy gic cnh khi thc; cn cha n a v tht gic ng th vn nh ngi trong

mng. Cho nn c Pht ni l sng cht trong m trng, do m cha nhn r l sc cnh Duy thc. Hi: -Ngoi sc tht khng, c th khng phi l cnh ca ni thc, cn tha tm (tm ng khc) tht c, sao li khng phi l cnh s duyn ca t thc? p: - Ai ni tha tm khng phi l cnh s duyn ca t thc? Ch khng ni n l thn s duyn, ngha l khi trn t thc sanh tng phn tha tm, tm khng tht c tc dng, khng nh tay ch thn cm c ngoi vt, hay nh mt tri ta nh sng chiu n ngoi cnh, m ch nh trong gong c cnh hin ra nh cnh bn ngoi, gi l bit tha tm (tha tm tr) ch khng phi trc tip bit c. Ci trc tip bit c l tng do thc bin ra, cho nn Kh kinh ni: "Khng c t php no c th trc tip nhn bit t php no c, ch khi thc sanh, t nh c tng vt kia hin ra, gi nhn bit vt kia. Ging nh duyn tha tm, duyn sc v.v... cng th. Hi: c tm ngi khc ngoi lm cnh duyn cho tm ngi ny, th sao gi l Duy thc? p: -L thay tnh c chp, gp u sanh nghi ! u phi Duy thc gio ch c thc ca mt ngi! Hi: - Khng vy th th no? p: - ng nn nghe cho k, nu ch c thc ca mt ngi th lm sao c mi phng phm Thnh, tn ti, nhn qu khc nhau? Ai ni cho ai? Php g cu g? Cho nn ni Duy thc l c th su xa. Ni "Thc" l tng qut ch r ht thy hu tnh mi mi u c tm thc, su v Tm s, Tng phn, Kin phn c bin ra, phn v sai khc v chn nh do l khng hin l. l t tng ca thc (Tm vng), tng ng ca thc (Tm s), sc tng c bin ca Tm, Tm s phn v sai khc ca thc (Bt tng ng hnh), tht tnh ca bn php sc Tm, Tm s, Bt tng ng (v vi). Nhng php nh th u khng ri thc, tng qut li gi l Duy thc. Ch "Duy" l ct ngn k phm phu chp nht nh c sc la ngoi thc. Nu bit r v ch ca Duy thc gio nh th, th c th khng b in o, kho chun b t lng, mau ng nhp l php khng, chng bc V Thng Gic, c vt k hm thc khi sanh t lun hi, ch khng phi hng ngi c th khng, bc khng tt c, tri nghch vi gio l, m c th thnh tu nhng vic ng sanh nh th. Th nn nht nh nn tin ht thy u Duy thc. - Nu ch c thc, hon ton khng c ngoi duyn, thi do u m thc sanh ra nhiu s phn bit? Tng rng:

Do thc Nht thit chng, Bin nh vy nh vy, V nng lc trin chuyn, Kia kia phn bit sanh. Lun rng: Thc Nht thit chng l ch cho cng nng sai bit trong bn thc, n c kh nng sanh ra t qu. Cng nng sai bit y sanh ra qu ng lu, d thc, s dng v tng thng; th nn gi l Nht thit chng. Tr qu ly h (gii thot) l khng phi do chng t sanh, v phi nh o v lu pht khi dt ht kit s mi chng c qu ly h. o v lu, tuy t chng t v lu sanh, song i vi qu ly h ch c ngha trin chuyn, nhng khng phi l chnh c ni trong bi tng y. V y ch ni chng t c kh nng sanh ra phn bit, n ly bn thc lm th, nn lp tn l Chng t thc; v chng t la bn thc th khng c t tnh ring. Hai ch "Chng thc" l gin bit thc khng phi chng, khng phi thc, v c th thc m khng phi chng (nh hin thc), c th chng m khng phi thc (nh ht ging). Li ni "Chng thc" l hin th chng t trong bn thc, ch khng phi ch cho ci thc chp tr chng t, sau s ni r. Chng t trong thc y nh cc duyn ca cc hin thc tr gip bn chuyn ra nh th. Ngha l t v tr sanh chuyn bin n v tr thnh thc, ni r s chng t chuyn bin c nhiu, cho nn ni hai ln nh th, nh th. Ngha l tt c chng t nhip ht vo ba th hun tp (l danh ngn, ng chp, hu chi) cng (chng t y bo) v bt cng (chng t chnh bo), tc gom ht chng t ca thc. Nng lc trin chuyn l tm hin thc (tm thc hin hnh) v Tng phn; Kin phn ca Tm s tng ng vi n, chng n u c nng lc tng tr ln nhau. Chnh tm hin thc v.v... gi chung l phn bit, v hin thc ly h vng phn bit lm t tnh. Phn bit c nhiu chng loi Tm vng c, Tm s c, cho nn tng ni l "kia kia". bi tng ny ni tuy khng c ngoi duyn, nhng do trong bn thc c ht thy chng t chuyn bin sai bit v do nng lc trin chuyn ca tm thc hin hnh m cc phn bit kia c sanh, ch u cn c ngoi duyn mi khi ln phn bit. Cc tnh php c khi ln, nn bit cng ging th, do chng t v lu v c thc v lu hin hnh lm duyn m sanh khi vy. - Bi tng trn ni chng t v hin hnh u lm duyn sanh ra thc phn bit. Lm sao bit c tng duyn sanh ? - Duyn c bn th:

1. Nhn duyn Ngha l php hu vi trc tip sanh ra qu ca chnh n, c hai l chng t v hin hnh. Chng t - Ngha l cc cng nng sai bit ca thin, nhim, v k v cc ci, cc a trong bn thc, n c kh nng dn ra cng nng cng loi k tip (chng sanh chng) v ng thi khi ln hin qu cng loi (chng sanh hin). y ch trng vi kia mi l tnh nhn duyn (ngha l ch chng t sanh chng t, chng t sanh hin hnh mi l nhn duyn). Hin hnh Ngha l by chuyn thc v Tm s tng ng vi n bin ra Tng phn, Kin phn, ba tnh, ba ci, bn a v.v... Tr thin php ca Pht qu v tnh v k qu yu l khng hun bn thc, cn tt c cc th hin hnh khc nh by chuyn thc v.v... u c th hun sanh chng t cng loi ni bn thc. Chuyn thc y ch trong n chng t cng loi ca n mi l tnh nhn duyn (y ngha l hin hnh hun chng t cng l tnh nhn duyn). Hi: - Thc th tm sao khng nng hun m ch l s hun? p: - Tm phm th tm nu l nng hun, thi khng cn c ci g lm s hun. Hi: - Ba tnh, ba ci, chn a, lm sao cng l nng hun? p: - V khng phi ring thc th t chng phn l ch nng ca cc th mi l nng hun. Hi: - Ti sao thin php ca Pht qu v v k yu km khng hun tp? p: - V tnh v k qu yu km. Pht qu qu vin mn, cho nn khng hun thnh chng t. Php hin hnh ng loi, trin chuyn trng nhau (nh hin hnh nhn thc i hin hnh nhn thc) u chng phi l nhn duyn, v mi th u t chng t ring sanh. Php hin hnh khc loi, trin chuyn trng nhau cng chng phi nhn duyn, v khng phi thn sanh ra nhau. - C thuyt cho ng loi, d loi hin hnh, trin chuyn trng nhau u lm nhn duyn cho nhau. Nn bit ch l gi ni; hoc ni theo mn ty chuyn. - C thuyt ch ni chng t l nhn duyn, l da ch mnh ca chng t m ni (ch hin hnh chng t cng l nhn duyn) cha phi ht l. - Thnh gio ni chuyn thc v A li da thc trin chuyn lm nhn duyn cho nhau.

2. ng v gin duyn Ngha l tm hin thc (tm thc hin hnh) ca n, nhm trc i vi nhm sau t loi bnh ng khng gin on m m ng cho nhm sau c sanh ra. Nhiu chng t Tm, Tm s ng loi cng khi mt ln, nu nh khng tng ng, l khng phi ng v gin duyn. Do tm thc khng phi lm ng v gin duyn cho nhau. Ch Tm, Tm s tuy thng cng khi, nhng tng ng nhau ha hp nh mt, khng th thi thit cch la sai khc, cho nn c lm ng v gin duyn cho nhau. Tm ti hu nhp V d y Nit bn, ht sc yu km, khng c cng dng m ng, li khng cn c php ng v gin s khi ln, cho nn khng phi thuc duyn ng v gin ny. Lm sao bit nh vy? V Lun c ni: "Nu thc trc bnh ng khng gin on, th thc sau bnh ng quyt nh c sanh ra", tc ni thc trc lm ng v gin duyn cho thc sau. Chnh do ngha ny nn ni thc A na trong ba ci, chn a u c th p i lm duyn ng v gin cho nhau, v ci di, ci trn cht sng, m ng cho nhau; Tm hu lu v gin c tm v lu sanh; cn tm v lu nht nh khng sanh tm hu lu; v tr i vin cnh khi sanh khi ri th chc chn khng on mt. Thin v v k i vi nhau cng th (v k D thc thc sanh thin v cu thc, ch thin v cu thc khng sanh v k D thc thc). Hi: - Thc th tm ny, ci no m sau t tm hu lu dn sanh tm v lu? p: - Hoc t ci Sc, hoc thn cui cng ci Dc, ngha l k d sanh pht tm cu Pht qu, nht nh sau khi sanh ci Sc th tm hu lu dn sanh tm v lu, sau chc chn sanh ln cung i T Ti ci tri Tnh C, chng c B . Nu hng Nh tha v hc hi tm hng v i B , th nht nh khi thn cui cng ci Dc dn sanh tm v lu, v sau khi hi tm, cn lu li sanh thn ch ci Dc. V y tuy chc chn sanh ln cung tri i T Ti mi c thnh Pht, nhng do sc bn nguyn m lu li sanh thn th l ci Dc. - C kin cho rng ci Sc cng c hng Thanh Vn hi tm hng v i tha nguyn lu li sanh thn, iu ny khng tri vi gio l. Th nn thc bt v lu ni hng Thanh Vn cng c hin tin cui cng ca ci Sc. Nhng Thnh gi tri Ng Tnh C th khng c hi tm i tha, v khng thy kinh no ni Thnh gi Ng Tnh C pht tm i tha. - Chuyn thc th by trong ba ci, chn a cng c p i lm duyn ng v gin cho nhau, v n h thuc theo thc th tm sanh ch no, th tm hu lu (c ng php), v lu (c Bnh ng tnh tr) cng c p i cho nhau, v trong mi a c dn sanh cho nhau.

Thin v v k, trng qua nhau cng th. trong v k, nhim v khng nhim, cng m ng cho nhau, v tr qu v sanh khng, trong a v trc v a v sau c dn ra nhau. y l ci Dc, ci Sc, tm hu lu cng sanh tm v lu, ch khng phi ci V sc, v hng B tt a thng khng sanh n ci V sc. - Chuyn thc th su trong ba ci, chn a, tm hu lu, v lu, thin, bt thin v.v... mi mi p i lm duyn ng v gin cho nhau, v v a v nhun sanh vo ci ny v a kia, li dn sanh nhau. Bt u khi tm v lu, ch sau khi sanh ci Sc, v thin php thuc Quyt trch phn (ch cho bn gia hnh v l Non, Nhn, ng, Th nht) ch c ci Sc. Ba thc Nhn, Nh, Thn ch c hai ci Dc, Sc, vi hai a l Ng th tp c v S Thin. Cn hai thc t, thit ch c mt ci Dc v Ng th tp c a, th t loi mi thc p i lm duyn ng v gin cho nhau. Thin v.v... trng qua nhau nn bit cng c duyn ng v gin. - C kin cho rng ng thc hu lu v v lu, t loi p i lm duyn ng v gin cho nhau, v khi cha thnh Pht n c p i khi ln. - C kin cho rng sau ng thc hu lu khi ln ng thc v lu, ch khng phi sau ng thc v lu khi ln ng thc hu lu; v ng thc v lu, tr Pht, ngi khc khng th c; v nm sc cn ca ngi ang nhn v nht nh l hu lu, n nhip thuc v Tng phn ca D thc thc. Nm cn hu lu l ch da ring ca nm thc, chc chn cng ng cnh, vy nm cn hu lu m pht ra nm thc v lu, l khng hp l; v nm cn v lu pht ra nm thc v lu i vi cnh th sng, cn nm cn hu lu pht ra nm thc hu lu i vi cnh th m, hai bn khc nhau. 3. S duyn Ngha l nu c tht php v l c tng c mang theo, Tm v Tm s ly lm ch da pht sanh v lm i tng t l, th gi l S duyn duyn. Th n c hai: 1. Thn. 2. S. Nu Tng phn cng vi Kin phn ng mt th nng ta khng ri nhau, l i tng t l v ch da bn trong ca Kin phn, th nn bit l Thn s duyn duyn. Nu bn cht cng vi Kin phn nng duyn tuy ri nhau nhng mn lm tht cht m pht khi thnh i tng cho t l v lm ch da cho Kin phn bn trong, th l S s duyn duyn. Thn S duyn duyn l tng ca tm nng duyn, quyt nh khi no cng c, v nu la ch da v ng thi lm i tng t l , th tm nng duyn khng th pht sanh. Cn S s duyn duyn th i vi tm nng duyn hoc c, hoc khng khng nht nh. V la cnh lm ch da v s duyn bn ngoi, th tm nng duyn cng vn pht sanh.

- V Tm phn th tm C kin cho rng n ch c Thn s duyn duyn, v n ty theo nng lc ca nghip nhn cu sanh nhm vn bin ra Tng phn m duyn, ch khng cn phi da vo bn cht bn ngoi ri mi bin duyn. - C kin cho rng thc th tm cng c S s duyn duyn, v cn phi nh ci khc bin ra bn cht, ri n mi vin theo m bin ra Tng phn duyn. - C kin cho rng hai thuyt trn u khng ng l, v t thn, tha thn, t , tha , u c th th dng ln nhau; v thn hoc do thc th tm ca ngi khc bin ra li lm bn cht cho ngi ny duyn, cn chng t ca ngi ny i vi ngi khc th khng c ch dng g, ngi ny cng bin ra chng t ca ngi khc, l khng c l; v khng phi cc hu tnh u c chng t ngang nhau. - Nn ni Tm phm th tm (gm Tm vng, Tm s) c S s duyn duyn hay khng, trong tt c trng hp khng nht nh. Tm phm th by (gm Tm vng, Tm s Mt na) a v cha chuyn y, v n l cu sanh ng php, nn chc chn phi da vo Kin phn bt lm bn cht bn ngoi mi khi c, cho nn nh c S s duyn duyn, cn a v chuyn y th khng c S s duyn duyn, v by gi duyn chn nh th khng c bn cht bn ngoi. - Tm phm th su (gm Tm vng, Tm s thc) hnh tng mnh li, t ti chuyn khi trong mi trng hp, bn cht bn ngoi da hoc c hoc khng, cho nn khng nht nh c hay khng S s duyn duyn. - Tm phm nm thc trc, khi a v cha chuyn y, v n th thin, n n, yu km, phi da bn cht bn ngoi m duyn, nn nht nh c S s duyn duyn; cn khi a v chuyn y, th khng nht nh c S s duyn duyn, v khi ny duyn c php qu kh, v lai khng c bn cht bn ngoi. 4. Tng thng duyn - Ngha l nu c php g m th lc cng dng th thng c th hoc thun, hoc nghch i vi php khc, gi l Tng thng duyn. Ba duyn trc kia cng l Tng thng duyn, nhng duyn th t ny l ch chung cho tt c nhng duyn g cn st li ngoi ba th duyn trn. l tng khc nhau gia bn duyn. Th lc cng dng ca Tng thng duyn c thun, hoc nghch i vi bn trng sanh, tr, thnh, v c khc nhau. Cng dng Tng thng duyn i vi s vt tuy nhiu, nhng r rt hn cnh ch hai mi hai, tc l 22 cn (gm nm sc cn nhn, nh, t, thit, thn; nam cn, n cn, mng cn; nm th cn l kh, lc, u, h, x; nm thin cn l tn, tn, nim, nh, tu; ba v lu cn l v tri ng tri, d tri, c tri) trong nm sc cn ly tnh sc cn nhn, nh v.v... c bin hin t bn thc lm t tnh. Nam cn, n cn ly mt phn thn cn lm t tnh. Mng cn khng c t tnh ring, ch da vo phn v ca chng t

thn sanh ni bn thc m gi lp. cn ly chung c tm thc lm t tnh. Nm thc cn ly mi s lnh th ring lm tnh. Nm cn tn, tn, nim, nh, tu th ly tn v.v... v cc thin nim lm tnh. Th ca "V tr ng cn" c ba bc: a. Bc cn bn, a v kin o, trong 15 tm u c V tri ong tri, tr st na tm th mi su khng c V tri ng tri (v tm th mi su l thuc D tri cn) khng cn c iu cha bit s bit. b. Bc Gia hnh, a v bn gia hnh l Non, nh, Nhn, Th nht php, gn nht c th dn sanh n bc cn bn trn. c. Bc t lng, l t khi v cu t c thy T m tu hin qun, pht khi thin php ti thng cho n khi cha c thun Quyt trch phn thuc gia hnh v, trong giai on c c thin cn, gi l bc T lng (T lng v) v thin cn ny c th xa xi gip lm pht sanh bc Cn bn (Cn bn v). Ly chn cn l tn, tn, nim, nh, tu, , h, lc, v x trong ba bc hp li lm t tnh ca V tri ng tri cn. Ring bc Gia hnh, T lng v cu chng c php thin th thng lc sau cao hn m su lo, th n cng ly thm u cn lm t tnh. Nhng v u cn khng phi l thin cn chnh, cho nn phn nhiu khng k n. Nhng v ba a V sc trc (tc l Khng v bin, Thc v bin, V s hu) m c V tri ng tri cn ny l v trong khi T Thin c thng kin o h c tu thm ba nh V sc nn c c. Hoc cc v Nh tha hi tm hng i tha, v mun chng php khng, nn trc khi vo Thp a h cng khi ln tr V lu sanh khng, nhip thuc chn a trong ba ci. Cc vi B tt ny u nhip thuc cn V tri ng tri cn ny. B tt kin o cng c cn ny, nhng ni a tin, v thi gian kin rt ngn. Bt u t st na ti hu ca kin o cho n Kim cang d nh (tm ti hu ca A na hm, tm ti hu ca ng Gic, u gi l Kim cang d nh), c c chn V lu nh tn, tn v.v... th u l tnh ca D tri cn. ng cha la dc v cu chng gii thot cao hn m tm su lo, th li c thm u cn. Nhng u cn ny khng phi thin cn chnh, nn phn nhiu khng k n. Cc bc V hc c chn V lu cn, th u l t tnh ca C tri cn. (C tri cn cng ly chn V lu cn lm t tnh). ci Hu nh tuy c duyn qun php v lu nhng khng c minh li, nn khng phi l ba V lu cn ny. Hai mi hai cn c t tnh nh vy; cn cc ngha mn khc ca hai mi hai cn, nn bit nh Lun ni. (Ht cun VII ca bn Hn)

---o0o--XII. DA 15 Y X LP 10 NHN
Bn duyn nh vy, v da vo 15 ch ngha c sai khc m lp thnh 10 nhn. Da 15 ch lp 10 nhn nh th no? 1. Ng y x - Ngha l cc ngn ng c khi ln ly php, danh v tng lm t tnh (hay ch da). Chnh da ni ngn ng m lp ra Ty thuyt nhn. Ngha l da php, danh, tng ny, ri ty ch thy, nghe, hay, bit m ni ra cc ngha. y chnh l nng thuyt (ngn ng) lm nhn cho s thuyt (cc ngha). C lun cho ty thuyt nhn ly danh, tng v kin lm ch da. Bi do ng nh danh t (danh) m th ly tng (tng), chp trc tng (kin) ri ty theo khi ln ngn thuyt. Nu y theo Tp lun kia, th hin th danh, tng, kin l nhn ca ngn ng; gi l Ng y x. 2. Lnh th y x - Ngha l xem xt s i i c tnh nng th, s th. Chnh y vo m lp ra Qun i nhn. Ngha l xem s ch i i i ci ny lm cho ci kia hoc sanh, hoc tr, hoc thnh, hoc c nh th no, ci ny l qun i nhn ca ci kia. 3. Tp kh y x - Ngha l cc chng t trong ni thc v chng t ngoi cnh, khi giai an cha thnh thc. Chnh da ch m lp ra Khin dn nhn. Tc chnh chng t cha thnh thc, n c th ko dn n t qu xa v sau, nn gi Khin dn nhn. 4. Hu nhun chng t y x - Ngha l chng t trong thn hoc ngoi thn khi giai an thnh thc. Chnh da ch m lp ra Sanh khi nhn, ngha l chng t thnh thc n c th sanh ra t qu gn ca n. 5. V gin dit y x - Tc ng v gin duyn ca Tm, Tm s. 6. Cnh gii y x - Tc S duyn duyn ca Tm, Tm s. 7. Cn y x - Tc su cn l ch nng ca Tm, Tm s. 8. Tc dng y x - Tc l nhng tc dng ca nghip (nh vic n cy) v tc c (nh ba c tc dng n cy). Tr chng t, tt c tr duyn hin ti, u l Tc dng y x ny. 9. S dng y x - Tc l nhng tc dng ca tc gi i vi s vic lm. Tr chng t, tt c tr duyn hin ti u l S dng y x ny. 10 Chn tht kin y x - Tc l v lu kin. Tr vic dn sanh t chng, tt c kh nng khc gip dn n chng t v lu php, u thuc y x ny.

Da chung c su th y x t th nm n th mi trn y, m lp ra Nhip th thn. Ngha l nhip th nm th th thnh hu lu, nhip th c su th th thnh v lu php. 11. Ty thun y x - Tc l cc hnh v k, thin, nhim hoc l chng t, hoc l hin hnh u c kh nng ty thun dn pht ra cc php ng loi th thng hn trc. Chnh da vo ch m lp ra Dn pht nhn. Ngha l n c th dn khi ln cc thng hnh ng loi v dn t n php v vi. 12. Sai bit cng nng y x - Tc l cc php sc tm hu vi mi mi i vi t qu ca n c th lc c th khi ln t qu v s chng ng sai khc khng ln xn. Chnh da vo ch m lp ra nh d nhn. Tc n kh nng sanh ra cc qu t ci mnh v c kh nng chng c qu v ca Tha gio mnh. 14. Chng ngi y x - Tc l c th chng ngi i vi s sanh, tr, thnh, c. Chnh da vo ch m lp ra Tng vi nhn. Ngha l n c th lm tri nghch cc s sanh, tr, thnh, c. 15. Bt chng ngi y x - Tc l khng lm chng ngi i vi s sanh, tr, thnh, c.Chnh da vo ch m lp ra Bt tng vi nhn. Ngha l n khng lm tri nghch cc s sanh, tr, thnh, c. Mi nhn nh th, nhip vo 2 nhn l nng sanh v Phng tin. Nh B tt a trong lun Du gi ni: "Chng t khin dn, chng t sanh khi gi chung l Nng sanh nhn. Cc nhn cn li gi chung l Phng tin nhn". Cn y th ni rng cc chng t nhn duyn thuc trong su nhn l Khin dn, Sanh khi, Dn pht, nh d, ng s, Bt tng vi. Khi cn giai on cha thnh thc, th khng gi l chng t nhn duyn m gi l chng t Khin dn; cn khi n giai on thnh thc th gi l chng t Sanh khi. V cc chng t nhn duyn trong su nhn u nhip thuc vo hai giai on cha thnh thc v thnh thc ny. Tuy c hin hnh sanh chng t, nhng l Nng sanh nhn ch khng phi l nhn duyn chng t. Cng nh trong 4 nhn Khin dn v.v... tuy c sanh ra chng t, nhng v n hay gin on cho nn tm lc m khng ni hin hnh sanh chng t l nhn duyn. Hoc trc tip sanh ra qu cng lp tn l chng t. Nh ni hin hnh ging la sanh ra cy la cng gi l chng t. Cc nhn cn li l, nhn th hai l Qun i; th nm l Nhip th; th chn l Tng vi; cng nhng php khng phi l nhn duyn ca trong su nhn trc , tt c u l chng t nhn duyn cn li ca trong hai giai n cha nhun sanh v nhun thc, cho nn ni chung l Phng tin nhn. Khng phi B tt a, hai th Khin dn v Sanh khi ch ton thuc vo hai nhn Khin dn v Sanh khi ca trong mi nhn l nhn duyn, m trong bn nhn Dn pht, nh d, ng s, Bt tng vi cng c chng t nhn duyn. Khng phi ch c tm th ni kia gi l nhng nhn cn li, v trong hai nhn l Khin dn v Sanh khi kia cng c mt phn khng phi l chng t nhn duyn.

 a v cn c Tm c T th ni sanh khi nhn l Nng sanh nhn, ngoi ra l Phng tin nhn. Vn ny c ni trong su nhn l Khin dn v.v... hoc hin hnh hoc chng t l nhn duyn, th chng u c gi l Sanh khi nhn, v c th trc tip sanh ra qu cng loi vi mnh. Cc nhn khc cn li u nhip v Phng tin nhn, ch khng phi Sanh khi nhn Tm, T a ny ch thuc v Sanh khi nhn trong mi nhn kia. V trong nm nhn cn li l Khin dn, Dn pht v.v... cng c tnh nhn duyn. Khng phi tr Sanh khi nhn, cn chn nhn kia m gi l cc nhn khc cn li, v trong Sanh khi nhn vn c phn khng phi l nhn duyn. Hoc theo B tt a trong lun Du gi ni: "Chng t Khin dn v Sanh khi l Khin dn nhn v Sanh khi nhn trong mi nhn kia", cn tm nhn kia ca trong mi nhn gi l nhn cn li. Tuy bn trong hai nhn Khin dn v Sanh khi c phn khng phi Nng sanh nhn, nhng v n c chng t nhn duyn r rt hn c cho nn ni ring n l Nng sanh nhn. V tuy trong cc nhn khc c phn khng phi l Phng tin nhn nhng v n c sc tng thng nhiu v r rt hn c cho nn ni ring n l Phng tin nhn. trong a v c Tm, c T th ni Sanh khi nhn l Nng sanh nhn, cc nhn khc cn li th gi l Phng tin nhn. Sanh khi chnh l Sanh khi nhn kia, cc nhn khc tc l chn nhn cn li kia. Trong Sanh khi nhn c phn khng phi chng t nhn duyn, nhng v n i vi qu c sanh l rt gn v r rt hn c, cho nn ni ring n l chng t nhn duyn. Tuy trong Khin dn nhn c phn chng t nhn duyn, nhng v n i vi qu c sanh ra cch xa v n kn hn c, cho nn khng ni n l nhn duyn. Ngoi ra nhng nhn nhip v Phng tin nhn, chiu theo trn y m bit.

---o0o--XIII. 4 DUYN NHIP 10 V 2 NHN

- Bn duyn va ni, da theo u m thnh lp, li lm sao nhip trn mi nhn v hai nhn? - Lun ni: "Nhn duyn da ni chng t m lp. Da ni tnh v gin dit m lp ng v gin duyn. Da ni cnh gii m lp S duyn duyn. Da ni cc iu cn li ngoi ba duyn kia m lp Tng thng duyn". Trong y chng t chnh l ch cho chng t nhn duyn thuc vo su y x l tp kh, nhun sanh chng, ty thun, cng nng sai bit, ha hp, v chng ngi trong mi lm x nu trn. Tuy hin hnh ca bn y x l ty thun, cng nng sai bit, ha hp, bt chng ngi, cng c phn nhn duyn, song v n hay gin an, cho nn lc i m khng ni n. Hoc hin hnh cng c th thn sanh ra t qu nh ging la np bn ngoi, cng gi l chng t.

Hoc ni chng t ch thuc y x th t l nhun sanh y x, ty tnh cch thn, s, n, hin ca n m ly hoc b, nh trc ni. Ni v gin dit y x v cnh gii y x l, nn bit hin th chung y x ca hai duyn, l ng v gin duyn v S duyn duyn. Khng phi ch c hai y x v gin dit v cnh gii c hai duyn ng v gin v S duyn duyn, m trong mi ba y x cn li kia cng c ngha ca hai duyn . Hoc v gin dit v cnh gii l ch y x th nm, su, cc y x khc tuy c m v n kn cho nn lc m khng ni. - Lun ni: "Nhn duyn nhip v nng sanh nhn. Tng thng duyn nhip v phng tin nhn. ng v gin duyn v S duyn duyn th nhip v nhip th nhn". Tuy trong phng tin nhn c c ba duyn ng v gin, S duyn duyn, Tng thng duyn, nhng Tng thng duyn nhiu hn nn ni nhn mnh. Chn nhn khc cng c hai duyn ng v gin v S duyn duyn, nhng n nhip vo nhip th nhn r rt hn nn ni nhn mnh. Cn cc th nhip vo nng sanh nhn ti lui, nh trc ni.

---o0o--XIV. NM QU
- ni nhn duyn, chc phi c qu. Vy c bao nhiu qu? Da y x no m c c? - Qu c nm th: 1. Qu D thc l bo thn D thc v D thc sanh v k ca loi hu tnh, do php thin hu lu v bt thin chiu cm. 2. Qu ng lu l hu qu ng loi do chng t thin c v k pht sanh, hoc hu qu chuyn theo tng t nghip trc. 3. Qu Ly h l php thin v vi, do v lu o (tr v lu) on tr hai chng l phin no v s tri m chng c. 4. Qu S dng l kt qu s nghip do cc tc gi mn cc tc c m lm thnh. 5. Qu Tng thng l nhng qu t c ngoi bn loi k trn. Lun Du gi v.v... ni: "Do tp kh y x m c qu D thc. Do ty thun y x m c qu ng lu. Do chn kin o y x m c qu Ly h. Do s dng y x m c qu S dng. Do cc y x khc cn li m c qu tng thng".

Ni tp kh y x l ch ht thy cng nng ca cc y x chiu cm qu D thc. Ni ty thun y x l ch r ht thy cng nng ca cc y x dn n qu ng lu. Ni chn kin o y x l ch r ht thy cng nng ca cc y x lm cho chng c qu Ly h. Ni s dng y x l ch r ht thy cng nng ca cc y x lm chiu cm c qu S dng. Ni cc y x khc cn li l ch r ht thy cng nng ca cc y x a n qu Tng thng. Khng nh vy, th s c th l qu rng hoc qu hp. Hoc ni tp kh, l ch thuc tp kh y x th ba. Tuy c D thc nhn, th cc y x khc cng c, nhng tp kh y x ny cng c mt phn khng phi D thc nhn. Nhng D thc nhn cch D thc qu rt xa, tp kh ny cng vy, cho nn ni ring. Ni ty thun l ch thuc ty thun y x th mi mt. Tuy c qu ng lu, th cc y x khc cng c, nhng ty thun y x cng c mt phn khng c khng phi qu ng lu. Nhng ng lu nhn chiu cm thin c mnh, hnh tng r rt, ty thun y x cng vy, cho nn ring ni. Ni chn kin o l ch r chn kin o y x th mi. Tuy chng c qu Ly h, th cc y x khc cng chng c, m chn kin o y x ny cng c qu Phi ly h. Nhng tng chn kin o y x chng qu Ly h r rt, cho nn ni ring chn kin o y x c qu Ly h. Ni s dng x l ch r s dng y x th chn. Tuy c qu S dng, th cc y x khc cng c, nhng s dng y x cng c th c qu Tng thng v.v... Nhng v n c danh v tng r rt, cho nn ring ni s dng y x c qu S dng. Ni cc y x khc cn li l ch thuc mi y x khc. Tuy mi mt y x ny cng c cc qu khc v c qu Tng thng, th cc y x khc cng c th c, nhng mi mt y x ny phn nhiu l c Tng thng. Cn bn y x kia th r l c bn qu kia ri. Cho nn ring ni mi mt y x ny c qu Tng thng. - Nh vy chnh l ni trong nm qu ny, nu l qu D thc th do nm nhn l Khin dn, Sanh khi, nh d, ng s, Bt tng vi v mt duyn l Tng thng duyn m c. Nu l qu ng lu th do by nhn l Sanh khi, Nhip th, Dn pht, nh d, ng s, Bt tng vi v hai duyn l Nhn duyn v Tng thng duyn m c. Nu l qu Ly h th do nm nhn l Nhip th, Dn pht, nh d, ng s, Bt tng vi v mt duyn l Tng thng duyn m c. Nu l qu S dng th c kin cho rng do bn nhn l Qun i, Nhip th, ng s, Bt tng vi v mt duyn l Tng thng duyn m c. C kin cho rng do by nhn l Khin dn, Sanh khi, Nhip th, Dn pht, nh d, ng s, Bt tng vi v ba duyn l Nhn duyn, ng v gin, Tng thng duyn m c. Nu l qu Tng thng th c mi nhn v bn duyn u c th c.

---o0o---

XV. CHNH LUN V DUYN SANH PHN BIT

Nhng iu ph bn xong, by gi hy bin chnh lun: Chng t trong bn thc lm ba duyn sanh tm thc hin hnh phn bit, tr ng v gin duyn. Ngha l chng t thn sanh tm thc hin hnh, l Nhn duyn, chng t li l S duyn duyn cho Kin phn nng duyn ca tm thc, nu li chng t thc ny c sc tr gip hoc khng lm chng ngi cho tm thc kia hin hnh, th l Tng thng duyn. Chng t thanh tnh sanh thc hin hnh thanh tnh cng ging th (chng sanh hin). Tm thc hin hnh phn bit trin chuyn i vi nhau, cng lm ba duyn cho nhau, tr Nhn duyn. Thc ca loi hu tnh trin chuyn i vi nhau, th lm hai duyn l Tng thng duyn v S duyn duyn, tr Nhn duyn v ng v gin duyn. - Nhm tm thc ca trong mi hu tnh trin chuyn i vi nhau, nht nh c Tng thng duyn, chc chn khng c Nhn duyn, ng v gin duyn; cn S duyn duyn th hoc c hoc khng. Thc th tm i vi by thc trc th c S duyn duyn, v Tng phn ca thc th tm lm bn cht s duyn cho by thc trc duyn. Ngc li by thc trc khng lm S duyn duyn cho thc th tm (thc th tm khng duyn by thc). Thc th by i su thc trc, trong n khng l S duyn duyn cho nm thc trc, nhng lm S duyn duyn cho thc th su. Ngc li su thc trc khng lm S duyn duyn cho thc th by. Thc th su khng lm S duyn duyn cho nm thc trc. Ngc li nm thc trc lm S duyn duyn cho thc th su, v nm thc trc ch da vo Tng phn ca thc th tm m duyn. - Cc thc t loi nim trc i vi nim sau: Nu l thc th su trc i vi sau th ba duyn, tr nhn duyn. Cn by thc kia t loi nim trc i vi sau, th c ng v gin v Tng thng duyn, v chng ch duyn hin cnh. Nu chp nhn Kin phn nm thc nim sau duyn Tng phn nm thc nim trc, thi nm thc v thc th by nim trc i nim sau cng c ba duyn, tr Nhn duyn. By chuyn thc i vi thc th tm cng c ngha l S duyn duyn, v hin hnh by chuyn thc hun thnh chng t kin, tng ni thc th tm. - Cc Tm, Tm s ng mt nhm, m khc th (nh Tm, Tm s nhn thc v.v... ng mt nhm nhng Tm vng v mi Tm s c thc dng ring) trin chuyn i vi nhau ch c l Tng thng duyn, v Tm, Tm s ng nhm th ng duyn mt cnh, nhng n khng duyn c Kin phn ca nhau; hoc y c Kin phn m ni th Kin phn khng duyn kin phn ca nhau; nu y c Tng phn m ni th Kin phn ca tm ny duyn c Tng phn ca tm kia, v cc Tng phn ca cc tm p i lm bn cht cho nhau. Nh chng t trong bn thc lm bn cht cho tng phn ca tm s Xc v.v... Nu khng vy, khi sanh V sc gii, tm s Bin hnh xc v.v... ci V sc kia khng c cnh s duyn. Gi s cho V sc gii c bin ra nh qu sc, nhng tm s Xc v.v... cng nht nh duyn chng t ri bin ra tng phn chng t duyn, ch khng th ni cnh Tng phn ca Tm s li khng ng mt bn cht cnh vi Tm vng.

- Tng phn ng mt th t chng phn vi Kin phn, th n lm Tng thng duyn v S duyn cho Kin phn; cn Kin phn i vi Tng phn ch c l Tng thng duyn. Kin phn i vi t chng phn c hai duyn l Tng thng duyn v S duyn duyn. T chng phn v Kin phn trng nhau cng vy. T chng v Chng t i vi nhau c hai duyn l Tng thng v S duyn. Trong y khng da theo Tng phn chng t m ni, ch ni Tng php hin hnh lm duyn cho nhau. Nhm tm thc thanh tnh gia t v tha i vi nhau u lm S duyn duyn, v thc thanh tnh c th duyn cng khp. Ch tr Kin phn khng phi l S duyn duyn ca Tng phn, v Tng phn ng l khng c tc dng duyn cnh. ni tm thc hin hnh phn bit duyn ni chng t v hin hnh, mi c sanh khi, th ng l chng t cng duyn ni hin hnh v chng t mi sanh khi. Vy hin hnh i vi chng t lm my duyn? Chng t i vi chng t lm my duyn? - Chng t chc chn khng do S duyn duyn v ng v gin duyn m sanh khi, v hai duyn ny ch i vi hin hnh Tm, Tm s m lp. Nu hin hnh i vi chnh chng t ca mnh, th c Nhn duyn v Tng thng duyn. Nu i vi khng phi chng t ca chnh mnh th ch c Tng thng duyn. Chng t i vi chng t chnh ca mnh, cng Nhn duyn v Tng thng duyn, cn chng t i vi khng phi chng t ca chnh mnh, th ch Tng thng duyn. - Da vo ni thc trin chuyn lm duyn cho nhn sanh khi , m gio l phn bit nhn qu c thnh. Nu chp phi c ngoi duyn th cng v dng, hung g chp c ngoi duyn l tri vi gio l, sao c chp lm g! - Trong bi tng tuy ni ch "phn bit" l tng ch cho Tm, Tm s trong ba ci, nhng ty theo ngha tri hn m trong Thnh gio c nhiu mt hin by, hoc ni hai, ni ba, ni nm (chn thc, hin thc l hai; nghip thc, chuyn thc, hin thc l ba, hoc tm, , thc l ba, hoc thm tr thc l bn, hoc thm tng tc thc l nm). Nh trong cc lun phn bit rng.

---o0o--XVI. GII THCH VN NN

Tuy c ni thc m khng c ngoi duyn, th do u loi hu tnh b sanh t tng tc? Tng ni: Do tp kh cc nghip Cng tp kh hai th

Thn D thc trc ht Li sanh D thc khc. Lun rng: ( th nht) Cc nghip l nghip phc, phi phc, v bt ng; tc l t nghip (do t duy thm xt, t duy quyt nh, t duy pht ng mi thnh nghip, cho nn gi l t nghip, tc ba nghip ly t lm th nn gi l t nghip) hu lu thin v bt thin. Quyn thuc ca nghip cng gi l nghip, v ng chiu cm hai qu D thc Dn v Mn (Dn nghip, Mn nghip). Nghip ny tuy khi lin dit, khng c l g chiu cm c qu D thc trong tng lai, nhng v n hun tp vo bn thc, thnh chng t cng nng ca chnh mnh, v chnh cng nng y c gi l tp kh, l kh phn ca nghip, do hun tp thnh, gin bit vi nghip qua v nghip hin ti, cho nn gi l tp kh. Tp kh nh th trin chuyn tip ni, cho n khi thnh thc, chiu cm qu D thc, tp kh cc nghip i vi qu bo D thc ng lai l mt th Tng thng duyn rt mnh. Hoc th Tng v Kin, th danh v sc, th Tm v Tm s, th gc v ngn, bn th nng th s th ny u nhip vo hai th hin hnh. Bn th th hin hnh hun thnh cng nng trn bn thc thn sanh ra n, gi l tp kh hai th. y l ch r cc chng t nhn duyn ca tm D thc qu v Tm s tng ng vi n trong i sau. Trong bi tng ni ch "Cng" tc l chng t nghip v chng t hai th cng nhau, lm duyn xa v duyn gn gip cho nhau, nhng tp kh nghip tuy l s duyn m s chiu cm sanh ra thn D thc r rt hn, cho nn trong bi tng nu ln trc tp kh hai th (i vi chiu cm, nghip l Tng thng duyn nn xa, hai th l nhn duyn nn gn). D thc trc l qu D thc do nghip cc i trc chiu cm. D thc khc l qu D thc do nghip chiu cm cc i sau. Tuy tp kh hai th th qu bo v cng m tp kh nghip th th qu bo c tn. Do qu D thc tnh v k khc vi nghip nhn tnh c thin c nn kh chiu cm, cn nhn qu ng lu v tng thng tnh ng nhau, nn d chiu cm. Do chng t cc nghip chiu cm sanh n i khc thnh thc m qu D thc thn i trc, ht th dng, th li sanh ra qu D thc thn khc vo i sau, do m c sanh t lun hi v cng, ch cn g phi mn duyn bn ngoi ni sanh t tng tc. Bi tng ny ni do tp kh nghip v hai th m s sanh t lun hi u khng la thc, v Tm v Tm s l bn tnh ca cc nghip v hai th . ( th hai) - Li na, sanh t tng tc do cc tp kh, nhng cc tp kh tng cng c ba th:

1. Danh ngn tp kh: l cc php hu vi u c mi chng t thn sanh ring. Danh ngn c hai: a. Biu ngha danh ngn, tc l nhng m thanh sai bit c kh nng din t s ngha. b. Hin cnh danh ngn, tc l Tm v Tm s c kh nng hiu bit cc cnh. Ty theo hai th danh ngn ny hun thnh chng t lm mi nhn duyn cho mi php hu vi sanh khi. 2. Ng chp tp kh: l chng t h vng chp ng v ng s. Chp ng c hai: a. Cu sanh chp ng, tc th chp ng v ng s phi do tu o mi on c (c thc th su, th by). b. Phn bit chp ng, tc th chp ng v ng s ch do thy o l on c (ch c thc). Ty theo hai th ng chp hun thnh chng t mi khin cc hu tnh c s phn bit mnh v ngi khc nhau. 3. Hu chi tp kh (chi Hnh v Hu trong mi hai hu chi nhn duyn). l chng t nghip D thc chiu cm sanh ra trong ba ci. Hu chi c hai: a. Hu lu thin, tc nghip chiu cm qu bo ng a. b. Cc bt thin nghip, tc nghip chiu cm qu bo khng ng a. Ty theo hai chi thin c hun tp thnh chng t khin cho qu D thc hai ng thin c khc nhau. Nn bit ng chp tp kh v hu chi tp kh ch l Tng thng duyn i vi qu D thc sai bit. bi tng ni "nghip tp kh", nn bit chnh l hu chi tp kh. Bi tng ni: "Tp kh hai th" nn bit chnh l hai th tp kh ng chp v danh ngn. Do chp th ng, ng s v chp th danh ngn m hun tp thnh, u ni l th. Cn trong tng vn ni ch "cu" v.v... th gii thch trc. ( th ba) Li na, sanh t tng tc l do Hoc, Nghip v Kh. Nhng phin no pht nghip (tc v minh chi) v nhun sanh (tc i th) gi l Hoc. Cc nghip c kh nng chiu cm i sau, gi l Nghip. T nghip sanh cc kh, gi l Kh. Chng t ca Hoc, ca Nghip, ca Kh u gi l tp kh. Hai tp kh hoc v nghip lm tng thng duyn cho qu bo kh sanh t, v n gip sanh ra kh bo. Cn tp kh kh l nhn duyn cho kh sanh t, v n trc tip sanh kh. Trong bi ni v ba tp kh, nh y nn bit. Hoc v Kh gi l hai th, Hoc l nng th; Kh l s th. Th c ngha

l m trc; cn nghip th khng c gi l th. Cc vn khc trong bi tng ngha l nh trc c gii. Nn bit Hoc, Nghip, Kh ny l tng nhip 12 hu chi t v minh n chi lo t. Nh Lun c gii rng. Nhng mi hai chi lc nhip li trong bn chi: a. Nng dn chi l v minh v hnh, c kh nng dn n chng t ca nm qu l thc, danh sc, lc nhp, xc, th. Trong y v minh ch th vai pht khi ra nghip thin c c pht khi mi gi l hnh. Do , ht thy nghip thun hin th v mn nghip tr gio cho bit bo tng lai, u khng phi l "hnh chi). b. S dn chi - Tc nm th chng t thc, danh v.v... trong bn thc, n thn sanh ra thc, danh sc v.v... thuc D thc qu ng lai, do hai chi u l v minh v hnh dn pht ra, nn gi l s dn. Chng t thc trong nm chi ny l thn nhn ca bn thc trong ng lai. Chng t trong thc, ch tr ba nhn l lc nhp, xc, th, cn cc nhn kia u thuc chng t ca danh sc. Ba nhn sau nh th lp ca tn gi, l chng t ca lc nhp, xc, th. Hoc chng t danh sc th tng nhip c nm nhn ca trong bn thc. Trong nm nhn ty s tri hn m lp bn th kia. Lc nhp vi thc, chung ring cng th. (Nh nhip vo "danh" tri hn th lp bn th thc, xc, th v nhp. Nu nhip vo "sc" tri hn th lp nhn nhp cho n thn nhp. Lc nhp vi thc chung ring cng th, nh trong chng t th lc nhp tng nhip nm nhn, trong nhn no tri hn th lp bn th kia). Lun ni "thc chi" cng l nng dn. V nghip chng t trong thc, gi l thc chi; cn chng t D thc thc th nhip thuc chng t danh sc chi. Kinh Duyn Khi ni: "Thc chi thng c nng dn s dn", l ly c nghip chng v thc chng u gi l thc chi. Thc l ch danh sc nng, khng phi nhip thuc danh sc. Nm th thc, danh sc v.v... do nghip hun tp pht sanh, tuy tht ng khi m ch, bn, tng, bit, thng, lit, nhn, qu khc nhau. Cho nn trong cc Thnh gio gi ni nm chi c trc sau; hoc ni thc trc danh sc sau, hoc ni danh sc trc thc sau; hoc da vo qu ng lai khi ln c th lp m ni c trc sau. Do ngha cng ni nm chi thc v.v... l hin hnh. Nu trong nhn th khng c ngha hin hnh. Hoc do qu ng lai hin khi m ni s sanh s dn ng thi. Khi nghip chng c i nhun v khi cha c i nhun, chc khng ng thi (v minh pht nghip hun mt ln c nm chi l thc danh sc, lc, nhp, xc, th. Sao li lp nm chi c trc sau? V thc l ch, bn chi kia l bn; trong bn danh sc l tng; lc, nhp, xc, th, l bit, trong bit lc nhp l hn; xc, th l lit; trong lit xc l nhn; th l qu, c khc nhau. Hoc khi thnh thc, trc khi thc, ri mi khi danh sc v.v... ) c. Nng sanh chi l ba chi i, th, hu; gn nht l sanh ra "sanh" v "lo t" trong tng lai. Ngha l trc do ci ngu m qu D thc bn trong (m thn) pht sanh cc nghip chnh thc chiu cm i sau lm duyn, dn pht chng t thn sanh nm

qu l thc, danh sc, thuc sanh v lo t trong tng lai ri; li da ci ngu m qu Tng thng bn ngoi v duyn cnh gii th m pht khi tham, i; li duyn i m sanh ra bn th l dc th v.v... i v th hp li thm nhun chng t nghip nng dn, v thm nhun nm chi s dn nhn. Chnh nm chi chng t i li gi l "hu chi", v cng khi ln qu hu hu gn nht. C ch ch ni nghip chng t gi l "hu", v n c th chnh thc chiu cm qu D thc. Li c ch ch ni nm th chng t ca thc, danh sc v.v... gi l "hu", v n thn sanh ra chng t thc, danh sc v.v... trong tng lai. d. S sanh chi l sanh v lo t, v l th c sanh gn nht bi i, th, v hu. Ngha l gia giai on t "trung hu" n "bn hu" (khi sanh ra) cha b suy bin, th u nhip v "sanh hu". Giai on suy bin gi l "lo", thn hoi mng chung mi gi l "t". Lo khng nht nh c (c ngi cht non) nn ghp vi t thnh mt chi lo t (t hu). Bnh, ti sao khng lp lm mt chi? V bnh th khng bin khp v khng nht nh c (c ngi khng bnh m cht), nn khng lp. Lo tuy khng nht nh nhng bin khp nn lp thnh mt chi vi t. V trong ba ci, su ng, bn sanh, tr k cht yu, cn nhng k sp mnh chung u c hnh tng suy vi h bi (lo). Hi: - "Danh sc"khng bin khp, ti sao li lp lm mt chi? p: - V n nht nh c nn lp chi; v loi thai sanh, non sanh, thp sanh, khi su cn cha y vn c danh sc. Li chi sanh sc cng l th khp c. Nh loi ha sanh c sc, trong bc u th sanh tuy nm cn m cha c tc dng, by gi cha th gi l "lc nhp chi" c. Li khi mi sanh ci V sc, tuy nht nh c cn nhng khng minh liu, cha th gi l x c. Do Lun ni: "Mi hai hu chi, trong ht thy cc chi, mt phn sanh sc hai ci trn vn c". Hi: - Nu vy "i" khng phi khp c cc ci, sao li ring lp lm mt chi? V k sanh ci c, khng a ni ? p: - V "i" nht nh c, nn ring lp lm mt chi. Nh ngi ci c khng cu g th khng c i, nu c cu sanh ci lnh, th nht nh l c i. Hng Thnh gi Bt hon khi nhun sanh tuy khng khi i, nhng cng nh "th chi" i vi thn kia, nht nh c chng t "i". Li i cng bin khp cc ci, nh k sanh ci c cng a thn v cnh hin ti ca n. Da vo khng c ci i hy cu lm thn ni ci c m kinh ni khng c i, ch khng phi hon ton khng i. Hi: - Ti sao "s sanh chi" th ch lp sanh v lo t, m "s dn chi" li lp ring thnh nm chi l thc, danh sc, lc nhp, xc, th?

p: - V ngay khi nhn v kh bit tng sai bit ca n, nn da vo qu ng lai m lp nm chi. Ngha l trong khi tc sanh, tng thc nhn r rt, nn lp thc chi; tip khi su cn cha y th tng danh sc ni bt, nn lp danh sc chi; tip khi su cn y tng lc nhp thnh vng, nn lp lc nhp chi, ri y ni pht ra xc, nhn xc khi ln th. By gi mi gi l rt ro th qu. Y ni qu v m lp nhn lm nm. qu v c tng sai bit d r nn tng lp ra hai chi l sanh v lo t, va hin r ba kh (sanh l hnh kh,lo l hoi kh, t l kh kh). Nhng qu c sanh, nu v lai, l v mun khin loi hu tnh sanh tm nhm chn, nn ni hai chi sanh v lo t. Nu khi i n hin ti, th v mun khin loi hu tnh, r bit phn v tng lai ca n, nn ni nm chi thc, danh sc, lc nhp, xc, th. Hi: - Ti sao v pht nghip th tng lp mt chi v minh, cn v nhun sanh th lp ring hai chi i v th? p: - Tuy cc phin no u c th pht nghip v nhun sanh, nhng a v pht nghip th "v minh" c sc mnh hn, vi c mi mt iu ni bt, l s duyn hnh tng v.v... ni rng nh trong kinh. Cn a v nhun sanh th "i" c sc mnh hn, v i nh nc c th thm nhun. Phi ti tm lun mi sanh ra mm "hu" v da vo i lc u, i lc sau m phn ra i v th. Cn pht nghip khng th l pht sanh trng lp, cho nn ch c mt chi "v minh". Tuy trong chi "th" gm ht cc phin no, nhng "i" thm nhun mnh hn, cho nn ni i ni bt. - Cc chi duyn khi u y ni t a. Nhng cng c s pht sanh ra "hnh" y ni v minh tha a, nh v minh h a pht sanh chi "hnh" ci trn. Khng nh vy, th k lc mi dp c nhim h a khi ra nh thng a, khng phi l khi "hnh" sao? V v minh thng a kia khi cn cha khi. - Ngi t thng a sanh h a, hay t h a sanh thng a, h duyn theo th no m khi i? i kia cng duyn vi th ni sp sanh hoc duyn vi th hin hnh hay th chng t, u khng tri l. - Mi hai chia y, trong mi chi nhn u v hai qu cht, nht nh khng ng thi. Trong mi chi nhn, by chi u v i, th, hu th hoc ng thi hoc khng ng thi. Nu ring hai chi sanh v lo t, nht nh ng thi, ba chi i, th, hu, nht nh ng thi, hay by chi t v minh n th, nht nh ng thi vi nhau. - Mi hai chi nh vy, to thnh mt lp nhn qu, ni r tnh cch lun hi, v xa la hai chp an v thng. Gi s lp thnh hai lp nhn qu th tht l v dng. Hoc lp nhiu lp hn y th b li v cng. Mi hai chi ny cn phn bit theo cc ngha mn sau y:

1. Mn gi tht Trong mi hai chi, chn chi du l tht, v ba chi cui l hu, sanh, v lo t l gi. V su chi hnh, thc, danh sc, lc nhp, xc, th, do c i v th thm nhun m hp li gi l "hu" nn hu l gi. V chnh v nm chi l thc, danh sc, lc nhp, xc, th m c ba tng sanh, lo t, khc nhau, nn sanh lo t l gi. 2. Mn nht s phi nht s - l v minh, thc, xc, th, i, nm chi u cng mt s th; cn cc chi kia khng phi cng mt s th. 3. Mn nhim khng nhim Ba chi l v minh, i, th ch l nhim, v l tnh phin no; cn by chi kia ch l bt nhim, v l qu D thc. Nhng chnh trong phn v by chi kia c th khi sanh nhim, nn gi ni by chi kia thng c nhim v bt nhim. 4. Mn c tng tp tng phn bit Ba chi v minh, i, th l tng ring, v khng xen tp vi cc chi kia, cn cc chi kia ch l tng xen tp. 5. Mn sc phi sc Su chi v minh, thc, xc, th, i, th ch l phi sc; cn cc chi kia thng c sc v phi sc. 6-7. Mn hu lu hu vi, v lu v vi - C mi hai chi u l hu lu v ch l hu vi; cn v lu v vi th khng phi l mi hai hu chi. 8. Mn ba tnh V minh, i, th ch thng v tnh bt thin v hu ph v k; "hnh" ch c tnh thin, c; cn "hu" thng c thin, c, v v ph v k. By chi kia ch l v ph v k, nhng trong phn v by chi cng khi ln thin v nhim. 9. Mn ba ci Tuy c mi hai chi thng c ba ci, nhng Dc gii th ton mi hai chi; V sc gii ch c mt phn. 10. Mn nng s tri "Hnh chi" ca thng a c th dp c phin no ca h a, chnh v chn ba hnh tng l kh, th, chng, v a ba hnh tng l tnh, diu, ly, m khi tm cu sanh ci trn nn khi ln hnh chi . 11. Mn hc v hc - C mi hai chi u khng phi hc, v hc, v Thnh gi ly minh tr lm duyn m khi ln thin nghip hu lu, iu tri vi hu chi, khng nhip v hu chi. Do nn bit bc Thnh khng cn to cc nghip chiu cm thn i sau, v khng m cu kh qu i sau. Nhng xen tu thm tnh l gip cho nghip c ci di m c sanh ln tri Ng Tnh C, iu khng tri l. 12. Mn tam on C kin cho rng v minh ch thuc kin s on, v phi c m l mi pht sanh hnh ng. Bc Thnh hn khng cn cn to nghip i sau. Cn i v th hai chi ch thuc tu s on, v do tham cu i sau m c "nhun sanh hoc". V chn th tm khi ln trong khi mnh chung, u cng khi vi "cu sanh i" (chn th tm khi mnh chung l, khi Dc gii mnh chung, hoc khi tm Dc gii, Sc gii, V sc gii. Khi Sc, V sc gii mnh chung cng vy). Tr v minh, i, th, cn chn chi kia u thng c kin v tu s on.

C kin cho rng c mi hai chi u thng c kin v tu s on; v lun ni: "Qu D lu on ht thy mt phn hu chi", ch khng ai on sch ht c. Nu v minh chi ch thuc kin s on th ti sao ni D lu khng ton on ht? Nu i, th, ch thuc tu s on th ti sao ni D lu an mt phn ht thy cc chi? Li ni ht thy phin no ca ton mt ci u c th kit sanh (tc nhun sanh hoc). Li ni cc hnh ng a n ci c, ch do phin no phn bit khi pht sanh, ch khng ni nhun sanh phin no ch do tu s on, cng khng ni cc hnh ng chiu cm i sau u do kin s on hoc pht sanh. Do nn bit v minh, i, th, ba chi cng thng c kin v tu s on. Nhng chi "v minh" chnh thc pht sanh chi "hnh" a n c th th ch thuc kin s on, nu n gip pht sanh hnh nghip cc th khc th bt nh. Hai chi "i" v "th" nu l chnh nhun sanh th ch l tu s on, cn gip cho nhun sanh th bt nh. - Li php m t tnh nhim l nn on tr, v khi c o i tr khi ln th n b on hn; cn t tnh ca php hu lu khng nhim th khng phi l th nn on, v n khng tri o phm. Nhng c hai ngha m ni l on: a. V ly phc l on cc phin no duyn theo php hu lu v xen ln vi php hu lu. b. V bt sanh l on ch nng (ch phin no phn bit) ca php hu lu khin n khng khi c. Da vo ngha ly phc trn m ni mt phn hnh hu chi thin hu lu v by chi thc l danh sc v.v...; v ph v k ch l tu s on. Da vo bt sanh on trn m ni mt phn trong hnh hu chi chiu cm c th v v tng nh, ch l kin s on. Nn ni mi hai chi thng c kin v tu s an, nn bit nh ni trc v cc cch on. 13. Mn tng ng ba th - Trong mi hai, mi chi u tng ng vi lc v x th, v chi "th" khng tng ng vi th; chi lo t phn nhiu khng c lc, x th. Chi mi mt l chi "sanh" tng ng vi kh, tr th khng tng ng th. Mt phn ca chi mi mt nhip v hoi kh. 14. Mn ba kh - C mi hai chi, mt phn t nhip v kh, v trong ht thy chi u c kh th. Ton phn mi hai chi u nhip v hnh kh, v cc php hu lu u l hnh kh. Chi mi mt c mt phn c theo x th th mt phn ca chi mi mt thuc hnh kh; chi lo t nhip v hoi kh. Tht ngha l nh vy, nhng trong cc Thnh gio ty theo tng n tng thnh m ni, nn khng nht nh. 15. Mn T - C mi hai chi u thuc Kh , v n l tnh th un. Nm chi v minh, hnh, i, th, hu cng nhip v Tp v n l tnh phin no. 16. Mn bn duyn Cc chi i vi nhau nht nh c duyn tng thng; cn ba duyn kia, hoc c hoc khng khng nht nh. Kh kinh y theo ngha nht nh ni ch

c duyn l duyn tng thng. "i" i vi "th"; "hu" i vi "sanh", c ngha lm nhn duyn cho nhau. Nu "thc chi" l nghip chng, th "hnh chi" i vi thc chi cng c ngha lm duyn cho nhau. Cc chi khc i vi nhau khng c ngha nhn duyn. Nhng trong tp Lun ni: "V minh i vi hnh c ngha nhn duyn", l c theo trong lc v minh c nghip tp kh m ni, v nghip y tng ng vi v minh m gi ni l v minh, ch k tht l hnh chng t. - Lun Du gi ni: "Cc chi i vi nhau ch c ba duyn kia" ch khng c ngha lm nhn duyn; cn y c theo i th hin hnh m ni c nhn duyn cho nhau. Ch nghip chng mi c nhn duyn. V minh i vi hnh, i i vi th, sanh i vi lo t c hai duyn l ng v gin v S duyn duyn. "Hu" i vi "sanh" ch c S duyn duyn. Cc chi khc i vi nhau khng c hai duyn Tng thng v ng v gin. - Trong y l y theo s k cn th lp khng tp lon m ni ngha duyn khi tht. Khc vi iu ny, cc chi i vi nhau m c lm duyn cho nhau l khng nht nh. Nhng ngi thng tu nn suy ngh ng nh l. 17. Mn hoc nghip kh - Ba th hoc, nghip, kh, nhip trn mi hai chi. V minh, i, th, nhip v hoc; hnh ton phn v hu mt phn thuc nghip; by chi thc, danh sc lc nhp, xc, th, sanh, lo t v hu mt phn thuc kh. C ch ni nghip ton nhip v hu, nn bit y theo nghip hu m ni. C ch ni thc nhip v nghip, l ly nghip chng lm thc chi m ni. Kt qu do hoc v nghip chiu cm, ch gi l kh, v nhip v Kh , ng nhm chn vy. Do hoc nghip, kh, tc chnh l mi hai chi, n c th lm cho c s sanh t tng tc. ( th t) - Li na, sanh t tng tc l do nhn duyn bn trong ch khng phi do nhn duyn bn ngoi, cho nn ni duy c thc. Nhn l hai nghip hu lu v lu chnh thc chiu cm sanh t. Duyn l hai chng phin no v s tri, tr gip s chiu cm ra sanh t . V sao? V sanh t c hai th: 1. Phn on sanh t - l cc nghip hu lu thin v bt thin, do th lc ca phin no chng lm duyn tr gip m chiu cm ra qu D thc th ph trong ba ci vi thn mng sng lu hoc cht yu, do sc nhn duyn m c s hn nh , cho nn gi l phn on sanh t. 2. Bt t ngh bin dch sanh t - l cc nghip v lu c phn bit, do th lc ca s tri chng lm duyn tr gip chiu cm ra qu D thc vi thn mng th thng vi t, do sc bi nguyn m thn mng ny chuyn dch khng hn nh, cho nn gi l

bin dch. y chnh do nh v lu lm duyn tr gip chiu cm, diu dng kh lng, cho nn gi l bt t ngh. Thn bin dch sanh t cng gi l sanh thn. Ngha l ty nguyn m sanh thnh. Nh Kh kinh ni: "Do ly "th" lm duyn, nghip hu lu lm nhn m c tip tc i sau, cho nn sanh ra trong ba ci. Cng nh vy, do v minh tr a lm duyn v nghip v lu lm nhn m c ba hng sanh thn l A la hn, c gic, T ti B tt; cng gi l bin ha thn, do nh lc v lu chuyn bin khc vi gc c, cng nh s bin ha". Hi: - Nh c Lun ni: "Hng Thanh vn v hc dt hn thn hu hu", th lm sao c th chng thnh V thng B ? p: - Nng thn bin ha m chng V thng B , ch khng phi nng thn nghip bo, nn khng tri l. Hi: - Nu s tri chng lm duyn tr gp cho nghip v lu c th chiu cm sanh t th hng Nh tha nh tnh khng th vnh vin nhp V d Nit bn? (v Nh tha cn s tri chng). p: - y cng nh hng D sanh (phm phu) b buc rng theo phin no (khng th vo Nit bn). - Th no m o li tht s c th chiu cm qu kh? - Ai ni tht s chiu cm? - Khng nh vy th th no? - Do nh v lu lm duyn tr gip cho nghip hu lu khin cho qu c c tng tc lu di, trin chuyn thng hn m gi gi l chiu cm thi. Nh vy khi chiu cm l do s chi trng lm duyn tr lc, ch khng phi ring s tri chng m c th chiu cm. Hi: - Nhng s tri chng khng lm chng gii thot, v n khng c tc dng lm pht nghip nhun sanh, cn g n tr gip chiu cm kh bo sanh t lm g? p: - V t chng c B v li lc qun sanh cho nn tr gip chiu cm. Ngha l hng Thanh vn, c gic bt nh tnh v hng i nguyn B tt c i nguyn t ti, vnh vin on dp phin no, khng th cn th thn phn on sanh t i sau, nhng v s ph b hnh tu B tt di ngy, bn dng nguyn lc thng nh v lu, ng nh cch ko di tui th m t tr ci nghip nhn ca thn hin ti, khin nghip nhn ko di lm cho qu bo thn hin ti sng lu khng dt. C nhiu ln nh vy, do nh v nghip t tr tu hnh cho n khi chng c V thng B .

Hi: - Nh vy cc v kia cn g phi nh s tri chng t tr? p: - V cha vin mn chng c v tng i bi, nu khng c s tri chng chp B v hu tnh l tht c, th khng do u pht khi tm bi nguyn mnh li. Li s tri chng, lm chng ngi i B , v mun vnh vin on tr nn n lu thn li lu di. Li s tri chng l ch nng ca php hu lu, chng ny nu khng c th php hu lu kia nht nh khng c. Cho nn s tri chng c tr lc ln i thn sng lu. Nu thn lu li lu di m do nh v nguyn hu lu t tr th thn y nhip vo phn on sanh t, v l cnh gii ca hng Nh tha v D sanh. Nu do nh v nguyn v lu t tr th thn ny nhip vo bin dch sanh t, v khng phi l cnh gii ca Nh tha v D sanh. Do nn bit bin dch sanh t tnh l hu lu th nhip vo D thc qu, i vi v lu nghip th l Tng thng qu. C ch trong Thnh gio ni do v lu m ra ba ci, l ty theo nghip v lu lm tr nhn m ni. - Trong bi Tng ni: " tp kh cc nghip" chnh l chng t hai nghip hu lu, v lu va c ni. Cn "tp kh hai th" chnh l chng t hai chng phin no, s tri va c ni. V u l chp trc (cho nn ni l hai th). Ch "cu" v.v... v cc vn khc trong bi tng th c gii ngha nh trc. - Bin dch sanh t tuy khng phn tng on D thc trc sau, cht khc sanh khc, nhng do nh lc t tr lm cho bin ci trc sau, nn cng c ngha D thc trc chm dt li sanh ra D thc sau. Tuy cng do hin hnh nghip v hai th khin cho sanh t tng tc, nhng chng t ca n th nht nh phi c, nn Tng ch ni n tp kh, tc ni n chng t (v n c lun ch khng nh hin hnh khi hin, khi n). Hoc hin th nhn qu chn D thc, u khng la bn thc, cho nn khng ni hin hnh. D thc nhn hin hnh ca su thc khng tc thi cho qu (phi hun tp thnh chng t sau mi cho qu), cn cc chuyn thc th gin on (ch l D thc sanh) khng phi l chn D thc (nn cu "D thc trc dt li sanh D thc sau" trong bi Tng ct ch cho chn D thc bt thc m ni). Sanh t lun hi tri qua ba thi tin t, trung t, hu t, khng cn ch c duyn bn ngoi, m ch do ni thc nh vy th Tnh php tng tc ni cc bc Thnh, nn bit cng vy. Ngha l t v th li, chng t v lu vn c g da ni bn thc v do chuyn thc thng thng hun tp pht sanh, dn dn tng hn cho n khi rt ro c thnh Pht, th chuyn b chng t thc tp nhim xa nay v chuyn c bt u khi chng t thc thanh tnh, nhm vn duy tr ht thy chng t cng c. Do sc bn nguyn khi ln cc diu dng, cng tt i v lai tng tc v cng. - Do nn bit Duy c ni thc m c sanh t tng tc.

---o0o--XVII. BA T TNH
- Nu ch c thc ti sao trong cc kinh c Th Tn ni c ba tnh? Nn bit ba tnh cng khng la thc, v sao? Tng ni: Do Bin k n kia, Bin k chng chng vt, Bin k s chp ny, T tnh ton khng c, T tnh Y tha khi, Do duyn phn bit sanh; Vin thnh tht ni , Thng xa la bin k. Nn n cng Y tha, Chng khc chng khng khc, Nh tnh v thng thy, Thy y, mi thy kia. Lun rng: So o chp trc cng khng mi th, nn gi l Bin k. Phm loi Bin k rt nhiu, cho nn ni l n kia (kia kia). tc l tnh h vng phn bit Nng bin k. Chnh tnh h vng phn bit nng Bin k n kia m chp trc cng khp mi vt b bin k; l vng chp nm un, mi hai x, mi tm gii v.v... l tht c ng hoc php vi t tnh v ngha sai bit ca n (nh ng php thng, v thng). T tnh v ngha sai bit ng php c vng chp ny, chung gi l Bin k s chp t tnh. Chnh t tnh Bin k chp hon ton khng c, v em gio l suy xt thy n khng th c c. - Hoc cu tng u "Do Bin k n kia" L ni v thc nng bin k. Cu th hai "Bin k chng chng vt" l ni v cnh s bin k. Na phn bi tng sau mi ni n

Bin k s chp hoc ng hoc php, t tnh khng phi c, v rng ni r rng n l bt s c (khng c c). - u ht, t tng ca Nng bin k nh th no? - C kin cho rng tm thc v cc Tm s hu lu u l Nng bin k, v t tnh n l h vng phn bit hin ra tng t nh kin phn nng th v tng phn s th. Li ni A li da thc ly chng t vng chp v t tnh Bin k s chp lm s duyn. - C kin cho rng tm phm thc th su, thc th by chp ng v php mi l Nng bin k. Nhng trong kinh ch ni thc l Nng bin k, v v thc chung li gi l thc; k t v phn bit l Nng bin k. V chp ng v php tt l Tu tm s, do chp ng v php tt cng khi vi V minh tm s, nn khng ni no ni v minh c thin tnh; v mt bn si v mt bn v si khng tng ng nhau; v khng thy ngi c chp th m dn n "khng tr" c; v chp c v chp khng, khng cng khi c; v cha tng c s chp no m khng phi nng hun. Vi tm hu lu khng chng tht l c, nn tt c u gi l h vng phn bit (ch khng phi l Nng bin k). V tuy hin ra t nh tng s th, nng th nhng khng phi ht thy u l Nng bin k. Ch bo rng tm v lu cng c chp (nu tm v lu cng c chp) th tr hu c v lu ca Nh Lai cng c chp (bin k) sao? Kh kinh ni: "Tr hu c ca Pht hin ra cc tng thn, v t nh tm gng", nu khng c tc dng nng duyn, s duyn th khng phi l tr.Tuy Thnh gio ni: "Tng thc duyn chng t ca Bin k, nhng khng ni "Duy: ch" duyn Bin k", cho nn khng phi l li chng minh ng. Do l l m ch tm phm th su v th by l c tnh Nng bin k. Thc phm tuy c hai l thc th su, thc th by, nhng Bin k i vi hai, ba, bn, nm, su, by, tm, chn, mi n hai mi php (nh danh,, ngha, thng, v thng, thin, bt thin v.v...) khc nhau, cho nn trong bi tng ni "n kia (kia kia)". Th n t tnh ca S bin k nh th no? - Lun Nhip i tha ni: " l Y tha khi, n l s duyn duyn ca tm Bin k". Hi: - Tnh Vin thnh tht sao khng phi l cnh s duyn ca bin k? p: - V chn tnh khng phi l cnh s duyn ca vng chp. Nu c theo ngha trin chuyn m ni th n cng l S bin k. Nhng bi Bin k s chp ng php tuy l cnh ca tm Nng bin k, song khng phi l S duyn duyn (v ng php khng tht, n ch lm s duyn, ging nh mt trng th hai), cho nn Vin thnh tht tnh khng phi l S bin k.

- Tng ca Bin k s chp nh th no? N vi Y tha khi c g khc? - C kin cho rng Tm v Tm s hu lu trong ba ci, do s hun tp h vng, sanh ra t nh hai, l kin phn v tng phn, tc nng th, s th. Hai phn ny v tnh th c, v l th khng. Tng hai th gi l Bin k s chp. Cn thc th t chng phn lm ch nng cho kin tng, thc th tht nng duyn sanh, tnh n chng phi khng, nn gi l Y tha khi, v do duyn h vng phn bit m sanh ra. Lm sao bit nh th? V trong cc Thnh gio ni: "H vng phn bit l Y tha khi"; cn hai th th gi l Bin k s chp ( on ny ly t chng phn lm Y tha khi, kin tng phn lm Bin k s chp - khng chnh). - C kin cho rng ht thy Tm v Tm s do sc hun tp m bin ra hai phn kin v tng, hai phn ny l do duyn sanh, cng l Y tha khi. Bin k y vo vng chp cho l nht nh c tht ng php, c, khng, mt, khc, khc, cu, bt cu v.v... mi gi l Bin k s chp. V trong cc Thnh gio ni ch c duy lng (thc), duy hai (kin tng), duy cc th u c gi l Y tha khi ( on ny chnh ng). Li bn php l tng, kin, t chng, chng t chng, v 11 thc (thn thc tc nm thc thn, gi thc tc nhim , th gi thc tc gii v.v... ) trong lun ni u l Y tha khi. Nu kin v tng m khng phi Y tha khi, th hai phn kin v tng ca hu c tr v lu c gi l Bin k s chp. Nu chp nhn l Bin k, thi Thnh tr khng phi duyn hai phn kin v tng sanh, hoc Thnh tr duyn hai phn khng phi thuc o . Nu khng chp nhn kin v tng ca tr hu c l Bin k s chp, th hai phn kin tng ca tm hu lu cng vy. Li nu hai phn kin v tng l Bin k s chp, th c th ni nh sng th, khng phi l S duyn duyn. V th ca Bin k s chp l khng tht c. Li hai phn kin v tng khng tht, th khng hun thnh chng t, nh vy thc sau sanh ra khng c hai phn. Li cc tp kh l tng phn ca thc th tm, v li l php khng tht c, m c th lm nhn duyn sanh ra tm thc hin hnh sao? Li nu hai phn kin v tng trong ni thc do duyn sanh m khng phi l Y tha khi, th thc th (t chng phn) lm ch nng cho kin v tng cng th, v nguyn nhn hai bn khng khc nhau. Do l l , m ht thy t th Tm, Tm s v tng kin phn do duyn sanh, d hu lu, v lu u l Y tha khi, tc l y ni duyn khc m c sanh khi. Bi Tng ni: "Do duyn phn bit sanh" ch v phn nhim Y tha, cn phn tnh Y tha th cng c th ni l Vin thnh tht; hoc cc Tm v Tm s nhim, tnh, u gi l phn bit, v c kh nng duyn l th ht thy nhim tnh Y tha, u nhip vo trong tnh Y tha khi ny.

- Tht tnh vin mn thnh tu ca cc php do hai khng hin l, gi l Vin thnh tht, biu th th tnh n bin khp, thng hng, v khng phi h vng sai lm, gin bit vi t tng (khng bin khp), cng tng (khng thng tr), h khng v ng (h vng) v.v... Hoc php hu vi v lu rt ro la in o, c tc dng th thng chu bin, cng c gi l tnh Vin thnh tht. Nhng nay trong bi Tng ct ni ngha trc, ch khng phi ni ngha sau. Ngha trc l tnh Vin thnh tht chnh l tnh Chn nh c hin l bi hai khng, do t trn Y tha khi kia thng xa la tnh Bin k s chp trc . Tng ni ch "ni " l biu th tnh Vin thnh tht vi tnh Y tha khi chng tc chng ly.- Tng ni ch "thng xa la" l biu th tnh h vng chp trc nng th, s th khng phi thng c. - Tng ni ch "trc" l c ngha biu th khng c Bin k, ch chng phi l khng c Y tha. - Tng ni ch "tnh" l c ngha biu th "hai khng", ch chng phi l Vin thnh tht; v Chn nh (Vin thnh tht) xa la c tnh hu v v. Do l l trn, Vin thnh tht ny vi Y tha khi kia chng phi khc, chng phi khng khc. Khc th ha ra Chn nh khng phi l tht tnh ca Y tha, cn khng khc th tht tnh Chn nh ny ha ra l v thng nh Y tha. Y tha kia, Chn nh ny nu u l cnh tnh c hoc phi tnh c, thi tr cn bn v tr hu c khng c cng dng khc nhau (nh v Chn nh th thun tnh, cn Y tha th thng c tnh v phi tnh, nn hai tr duyn hai cnh c khc nhau. Cn bn tr duyn Chn nh, hu c tr duyn Y tha). - Th no l tnh Vin thnh v tnh Y tha chng phi khc chng phi mt? Nh trong cc php v thng, v ng tnh v thng vi cc php nu l khc, th cc php kia chng phi v thng; nu l khng khc th v thng ny khng phi l cng tng ca cc php kia. Do v d , hin th Vin thnh tht ny vi Y tha khi kia chng phi mt, chng phi khc. Php v php tnh, l phi nh th. Thng ngha v th tc i i vi nhau mi c c. Chng phi khng chng thy tnh Vin thnh m li c thy tnh Y tha khi, v nu cha t n tnh Bin k s chp l khng, th khng th nh tht bit c tnh Y tha khi l c. Tr v phn bit chng Chn nh xong, trong hu c tr mi c th liu t tnh Y tha khi nh l huyn s. Tuy t v th li, Tm v Tm s php c th duyn tng phn, kin phn ca chnh mnh, nhng v ng php chp thng tng ng vi n, cho nn n khng nh tht bit l cc duyn dt dn Tm, Tm s h vng phn bit bin ra ging nh cc huyn s, rn nng, cnh mng, bng trong gng, bng sng, ting vang, trng di

nc do bin ha m thnh, chng phi c m nh l c. Theo cc ngha nh th, nn c Tng rng: Phi chng thy chn nh, M r c cc hnh, u nh cc s huyn, Tuy c m chng tht. Trong bi Tng ny ni ba th t tnh u khng la Tm v Tm s php. Ngha l Tm v Tm s php v cc s c bin hin u do duyn sanh, ging nh cc s huyn, chng phi c m nh c, di gt k ngu. Tt c th u gi l Y tha khi tnh. K ngu i vi cc th Y tha khi vng chp ng v php, chp c, khng, mt, khc, cu v bt cu, nh hoa m gia khng, tnh ln tng u khng. Tt c th chp u gi l Bin k s chp. Cc ng v php vng chp da trn Y tha khi , u l khng, chn tnh ca thc c hin l t ci khng , gi l Vin thnh tht. Th nn ba tnh ny u khng la tm. Hi: - H khng v vi, Trch dit v vi, Phi trch dit v vi, nhip v tnh no trong ba tnh trn? p: - C ba u dung nhip. Tm v Tm s bin ra t nh tng h khng v.v..., l ty tm sanh, nn nhip v tnh Y tha khi. K ngu i vi tng vng chp cho l tht c, chnh l tnh Bin k s chp. Nu t Chn nh gi thi thit ra c H khng, Trch dit, Phi trch dit v vi, th nhip v tnh Vin thnh tht. V vi theo tm hu lu duyn, nht nh thuc Y tha khi; cn v vi theo tm v lu duyn, c th nhip vo hai tnh. V do duyn sanh, n thuc Y tha; do tm khng in o, n thuc Vin thnh tht tnh. - Ba tnh cng vi by Chn nh, nhip vo nhau nh th no? - By Chn nh l: 1. Lu chuyn chn nh - Tht tnh ca php hu vi. 2. Tht tng chn nh - Tht tnh c hin l bi hai v ng. 3. Duy thc chn nh - Tht tnh ca php nhim v tnh chnh l Duy thc. 4. An lp chn nh - Tht tnh ca Kh .

5. T hnh chn nh - Tht tnh ca Tp . 6. Thanh tnh chn nh - Tht tnh ca Dit . 7. Chnh hnh chn nh - Tht tnh ca o . By tht tnh nhip v Vin thnh tht, v l cnh gii ca hai tr cn bn v tr hu c. Ty s nhip thuc nhau, m ba th l Lu chuyn, Kh, Tp chn nh nhip vo hai tnh l Bin k v Y tha, v l vng chp tp nhim. Bn th cn li, l nhip vo Vin thnh tht tnh. - Ba tnh v su php nhip thuc nhau nh th no? - Trong su php kia u ba tnh sc, th, tng, hnh, thc v v vi, c su php u c vng chp (Bin k), duyn sanh (Y tha), v tht l (Vin thnh). - Ba tnh v nm s nhip thuc nhau nh th no? - Trong cc Thnh gio ni: "Nhip thuc nhau khng nht nh". Ngha l hoc c ch ni Y tha khi nhip bn s l tng, danh, phn bit, chnh tr; Vin thnh tht th nhip v chn nh; Bin k s chp khng nhip nm s. Tm v Tm s php hu lu bin ra t nh l tng s thuyn, gi l tng. Bin ra t nh tng nng thuyn thi thit gi l danh. Tm nng bin th lp lm phn bit. Tm v lu xa la h lun nn ch gi chung l chnh tr, ch khng gi l nng thuyn, s thuyn, C bn s u t duyn sanh nn nhip v Y tha khi. Hoc c ch ni Y tha khi nhip v Tng v phn bit; Bin k chp th nhip v danh; chnh tr v chn nh th nhip v Vin thnh tht. Li ni tng phn ca Tm v Tm s hu lu gi l tng, ngoi ra gi l phn bit; Bin k s chp hon ton khng c tht th, v hin th n chng phi c, nn gi ni l danh; hai th chnh tr v chn nh, v khng in o nn nhip vo Vin thnh tht. Hoc c ch ni Y tha khi tnh ch nhip v phn bit; Bin k s chp nhip v tng vdanh; cn chnh tr v chn nh th nhip v vin thnh tht. l ni v tng phn, kin phn ca Tm v Tm s hu lu, tng gi l phn bit, v t tnh n l h vng phn bit. Bin k s chp nng thuyn, s thuyn theo vng tnh m lp lm hai s l danh v tng. Li c ch ni danh ch thuc v tnh Y tha khi, ngha (tng) thuc v tnh Bin k s chp. y l ni tng phn, kin phn ca Tm v Tm s hu lu do th lc ca danh m thnh ra s Bin k, cho nn ni l danh. Bin k s chp l ty theo danh m chp by, ch khng c tht th, nn gi lp gi l ngha (tc tng).

Trong cc Thnh gio, nhiu ch ni v nm s, vn tuy c khc nhau m ngha khng tri nhau. Nhng trong cc thuyt nu trn, thuyt u khng tp lon, nh trong lun Du gi ni rng, nn bit. - Li trong Thnh gio ni: "Nm tng (l tng nng thuyn, tng s thuyn, tng tng thuc ca nng thuyn s thuyn, tng chp trc, tng khng chp trc), nm tng vi ba tnh nhip thuc nhau nh th no?" - Tng s thuyn, tng nng thuyn u ba tnh, ngha l vng k chp s thuyn, nm thuyn th nhip thuc Bin k tnh. Tng, danh, v phn bit th ty s thch ng (tng danh l s thuyn, phn bit l nng thuyn) m nhip v Y tha khi. Chn nh v chnh tr ty s thch hp nng thuyn, s thuyn m nhip v Vin thnh tht tnh. V do tr hu c bin ra t nh tng nng thuyn. Tng "tng thuc" ca hai th s thuyn, nng thuyn ch nhip v Bin k chp, v vng chp ngha v danh nht nh n h thuc nhau. Tng chp trc th bn ch l Y tha khi, v lyly s h vng phn bit l t tnh. Tng khng chp trc th nm th ch l Vin thnh tht, v ly tr v lu lm t tnh. - Li trong Thnh gio ni: "Bn chn tht (th gian chn tht, o l chn tht, phin no chng tnh chn tht, s tri chng tnh chn tht) n vi ba tnh nhip thuc nhau nh th no?" - Hai chn tht th gian v o l nhip thuc v Y tha khi v nhip v ba s l danh, tng, phn bit. - Hai chn tht c nhn bit do tr thanh tnh ngoi hai chng phin no v s tri, th nhip thuc v Vin thnh tht v nhip vo hai s l chnh tr v chn nh. - Lun Bin Trung Bin ni: "Th chn tht theo th gian ch nhip thuc v tnh Bin k s chp", v l nhng iu ca th gian cng chp nhp. Th o l chn tht th hai th nhip thuc c ba tnh, v o l thng c c chp, khng chp, tp nhim, thanh tnh. Hai th chn tht sau cng ch nhip thuc v tnh Vin thnh tht. - Ba tnh v Bn nhip thuc nhau nh th no? - Trong mi u ba tnh. Nh trong "Kh ", tnh v thng, v ng v.v... mi mi c ba tnh. V thng c ba: a. V tnh v thng, v l tnh thng v. b. Khi tn v thng, v c sanh, c dit. c. Cu tnh v thng, v a v chuyn bin khi cu, khi tnh.

"Kh" c ba: a. S th kh, ch nng ta, chp th, ca hai chp ng v php. b. S tng kh, l tng ba kh. c. Ha hp kh, kh hp vi kh. "Khng" c ba: a. V tnh khng, v tnh chng phi c. b. D tnh khng, v "khng" vi "vng chp" hai tnh khc nhau. c. T tnh khng, ly ch hin l ca hai khng lm t tnh. "V ng" c ba: a. V tng v ng, l ng tng khng c. b. D tng v ng, v ng vi tng ng chp h vng khc nhau. c. T tng v ng, l t tng do v ng hin l. "Tp " c ba: a. Tp kh tp, tc l chp tp kh ca Bin k s chp t tnh. Chp vo tp kh , gi lp l tp kh tp. b. ng khi tp, tc l nghip v phin no. c. Cha ly h tp, tc chn nh cha la chng. "Dit " c ba: a. T tnh dit, tc l t tnh bt sanh. b. Nh th dit, tc l trch dit, hai th khng cn sanh. c. Bn tnh dit, tc l chn nh. "o " c ba: a. Bin tri o, l c th bit tnh Bin k s chp. b. Vnh on o, l c th on nhim phn Y tha khi.

c. Tc chng o, l c th chng Vin thnh tht. Nhng bin tri o cng thng c vnh on o v tc chng o. Kh c bn ln ba, Tp c mt ln ba, Dit c mt ln ba, o c mt ln ba, Bn cng c by ln ba nh th, theo th lp m phi hp vi ba tnh. Nay trong y, ba tnh c phi hp vi Bn gi hoc tht, theo l nn bit. - Cnh gii ca ba gii thot mn (l khng, v nguyn, v tng) vi ba tnh ny nhip thuc nhau nh th no? - L tht th ba mn u thng c ba tnh; cn theo tng th mi mn thng mi tnh. Nh th lp nn bit, do tnh Bin k s chp m lp "khng mn", do tnh Y tha khi m lp "v nguyn mn"; do tnh Vin thnh tht m lp "v tng mn". Duyn theo y li sanh ba v sanh nhn: a. Bn tnh v sanh nhn. b. T nhin v sanh nhn. c. Hoc kh v sanh nhn. Nh th lp ba tnh ny i cnh ca ba nhn kia. - Ba tnh ny lm sao nhip c hai ? - Nn bit th tc c ba tnh ny. Thng ngha ch nhip tnh Vin thnh tht. Th tc c ba l gi th tc, hnh th tc, hin liu th tc. Nh th lp nn bit tong ng vi ba tnh Bin k chp, Y tha, Vin thnh tht. Thng ngha c ba: a. Ngha thng ngha, tc l chn nh, ngha ca thng. b. c thng ngha, tc Nit bn, thng tc ngha. c. Hnh thng ngha, tc Thnh o, thng l ngha. Thng ngha l khng bin i, khng in o, theo s thch hp u nhip vo Vin thnh tht tnh. - Ba tnh nh th, tr no nhn bit? - Bin k s chp hon ton khng phi cnh duyn ca tr. V n khng t th, khng phi l S duyn duyn. nhng i Bin k chp, k ngu chp l c; bc Thnh t l khng, nn cng c ni n l cnh gii ca tr k ngu v bc Thnh, thuc v tnh Y tha khi, v l cnh i tng ca hai tr ngu v Thnh. Vin thnh tht ch l cnh gii ca Thnh tr. - Trong ba tnh , my gi my tht?

- Bin k s chp, an lp h vng nn ni l "gi"; li v khng c th tng tht, nn c th ni chng phi gi, chng phi tht. Tnh Y tha khi c tht c gi. Nu l t tp (kh gii, cn thn) tng tc (tng chuyn dch ca Tm, Tm s) phn v (24 Bt tng ng) ni l gi c, song Tm, Tm s v c th ty duyn sanh nn ni l tht c. Nu khng c gi php th tht php cng khng. Gi y nhn ni tht m by t ra. Tnh Vin thnh tht, ch l tht c, khng nng tha duyn m by t ra. - Ba tnh l khc hay khng khc nhau? - Nn ni khng phi c hai, v khng c t th ring nn chng khc, nhng vng chp (Bin k), duyn khi (Y tha), v chn ngha (Vin thnh) khc nhau, nn chng khng khc. Ba tnh nh vy, c rt nhiu ngha, s rm ra nn ch lc ni cng yu. (Ht cun VIII ca bn Hn)

---o0o--XVIII. BA V TNH
Nu c ba tnh, ti sao c Th Tn ni: Ht thy php u khng t tnh?" Tng rng: Chnh nng ba tnh ny, Lp ba khng tnh kia. Nn Pht "mt " ni: "Ht thy php khng tnh" Trc l tng khng tnh, K, khng t nhin tnh. Sau, do la tnh trc, L tnh chp ng php. y thng ngha cc php, Cng tc l chn nh. V thng nh tnh n,

Tc thc tnh Duy thc. Lun rng: Chnh nng ni ba tnh trc y m lp ra ba khng tnh sau ny, l Tng khng tnh, Sanh khng tnh, Thng ngha khng tnh. Cho nn Pht "mt " ni "ht thy php u khng c t tnh", ch chng phi ni "tnh" hon ton khng c. Trong bi Tng ni "mt " l biu th li ni y chng phi vi ngha rt ro. Ngha l hai tnh Y tha v Vin thnh sau tuy c th chng phi khng, nhng c k ngu i vi hai tnh vng chp thm trn n tnh ng v tnh php tht c. Chnh s vng chp y gi l Bin k s chp. V tr ci vng chp y m c Th Tn i vi ci "c" ca Y tha v Vin thnh, v ci "khng" ca Bin k, Ngi ni chung l "khng tnh". - Th no l nng ba tnh ny m lp ra ba khng tnh kia? - l nng tnh Bin k s chp u m lp ra "Tng khng tnh"; v do th tng ca n hon ton chng c, ging nh hoa m gia h khng. Nng tnh Y tha th hai m lp ra "Sanh khng tnh". V Y tha khi l nng cc duyn m sanh ra, ging nh s huyn, khng phi nh vng tnh chp c tnh t nhin, nn gi sanh ni "Sanh khng tnh", ch chng phi ni tnh Y tha hon ton khng. Nng ni tnh Vin thnh sau ht m lp ra "Thng ngha khng tnh". Ngha l chnh thng ngha v do xa la tnh Bin k s chp v ng php trc m gi ni l "Thng ngha khng tnh", ch khng phi "tnh thng ngha" hon ton khng. V nh thi h khng, tuy bin khp cc sc, nhng li c hin by bi cc sc khng tnh. Tuy Y tha khi chng phi l thng ngha, cng c gi l Thng ngha khng tnh, song v s lm ng vi tnh Y tha th hai cho nn y khng ni (khng ni Y tha l thng ngha khng tnh m ch ni nng Y tha lp "Sanh khng tnh"). Tnh Vin thnh tht ny chnh l ngha th thng ca cc php, l thng ngha ca ht thy php. Nhng thng ngha lc c bn th: 1. Th gian thng ngha, l nm un, mi hai x, mi tm gii v.v... 2. o l thng ngha, l bn Diu . 3. Chng c thng ngha, l chn nh c hin l hai khng. 4. Thng ngha thng ngha, l php gii nht chn.

Ch "Thng" ngha c ni trong bi tng l ch cho Thng ngha th t, v y l ngha l ca o phm ti thng tu chng, v gin bit khc vi ba Thng ngha u nn tng ni li . Thng ngha ny ca cc php cng chnh l chn nh. Chn l chn tht, biu th chng phi h di; nh l nh thng, biu th khng bin dch. Ngha l tnh chn tht ni tt c ngi v u thng nh tnh n (ty duyn bt bin) cho nn gi l chn nh. Chnh l ngha lng khng h vng. Trong bi tng ni ch "cng", l hin th thng ngha, cn c nhiu tn nh Php gii, Tht t v.v... nh trong cc b lun ty theo ngha gii rng. Thng ngha ny chnh l thc tnh Duy thc. Tnh Duy thc lc c hai th: - Mt l tnh h vng, tc tnh Bin k s chp. - Hai l tnh chn tht, tc l tnh Vin thnh tht. V gin bit khc vi h vng cho nn ni Tht tnh. Li c hai tnh: 1. Th tc, tc l Y tha khi. 2. Thng ngha, tc Vin thnh tht. V gin bit khc vi th tc, cho nn ni Tht tnh. Ba bi tng trn chung li hin th rng, trong cc Kh kinh ni ch "v tnh" chng phi l ni vi ngha tht rt ro. Nhng ngi c tr khng nn da theo bc lun rng ht thy php u khng t tnh.

---o0o--XIX. NM HNH V TU CHNG

- i vi Duy thc tng, Duy thc tnh c thnh lp nh vy. Ai? Qua bao nhiu v th? Nh th no c ng nhp? - Ai c hai chng tnh i tha, tri qua nm v th ln ln ng nhp. Nhng g l hai th chng tnh i tha? l: a. Chng tnh vn tnh c sn, tc l php nhn v lu, php nh sn c, t v thy li, y ph ni bn thc. b. Chng tnh do hun tp thnh, tc do nghe Chnh php t php gii bnh ng lu xut, nghe ri suy ngh, suy ngh ri t tp, hun tp thnh chng tnh.

Phi c hai chng tnh i tha mi c th dn dn tri qua nm v th ng nhp Duy thc. - Sao gi l nm v th ng nhp Duy thc? 1. T lng v - Tu tp thun theo gii thot phn (Nit bn) ca i tha. 2. Gia hnh v - Tu tp thun theo quyt trch phn (kin o) ca i tha. 3. Thng t v - L cc B tt tr a v thy o. 4. Tu tp v - L cc B tt tr a v tu o. 5. Cu knh v - L tr a v V thng chnh ng B . - Th no l dn dn ng nhp Duy thc? l cc B tt i vi l Duy thc tng, tnh; trong T lng v, tin hiu su xa; trong Gia hnh v, dn dn khc phc dit tr s th, nng th, nh dn pht sanh tr chn kin o; trong Thng t v, thng t ng nh tht l Duy thc tng, tnh; trong Tu tp v, th ng nh l thng t, nhiu ln tu tp khc phc dt tr cc chng; n Cu knh v, th ra khi mi chng, c trn sng, tn i v lai gio ha hu tnh, khin hc cng ng nhp c Duy thc tng, tnh.

---o0o--XX. T LNG V
- Th nht, T lng v, tng n nh th no? Tng rng: Cho n cha khi thc, Cu tr tnh Duy thc, i hai th ty min, Cn cha th phc dit. Lun rng: T khi pht tm i B thm su vng chc, cho n khi cha khi ln thc thun theo phn quyt trch ca Gia hnh v, mt mt chuyn cu tr tnh chn thng ngha ca Duy thc, ngang trong giai on y, u thuc vo T lng v. V tm hng ti V thng chnh ng B , m tu tp cc th T lng th thng v v

chng hu tnh m sing nng cu gii thot, do cng gi l thun theo phn gii thot. B tt a v ny cn da vo bn lc th thng l ni nhn, thin hu, tc v t lng, nn i vi ngha l Duy thc tuy c tin hiu su sc, nhng cha c th hiu r c nng th, s th u khng. V phn nhiu cn tr ca ngoi (s tng) m tu hnh B , cho nn i vi ty min ca hai th cn cha c cng sc khc phc, tr dit khin cho n khng khi ln hai th hin hnh. Trong bi Tng ni "hai th" chnh l ni hai th chp th v hai th, tc chp th Kin phn nng th v chp th Tng phn s th. Tp kh ca hai th tc gi l Ty min ca hai th. N theo ui loi hu tnh v n ng trong Tng thc, hoc theo chng hu tnh lm tng thm m lm ti li, nn gi l Ty min. cng chnh l chng t ca s tri chng v phin no chng. Phin no chng l chp tht ng Tt ca gia kin (thn ng kin) theo Bin k s chp. Kin ny ng u ca 128 Cn bn phin no v cc Ty phin no t n tng t lu xut ra. Chng u lm ri lon bc no thn tm loi hu tnh v lm chng ngi Nit bn, cho nn gi l Phin no chng. S tri chng l chp tht php Tt ca gia kin (php ng kin). Kin ny ng u ca kin, nghi, v minh, i, nhu, mn v.v... chng che lp cnh s tri tnh khng in o, v lm chng ngi B , cho nn gi l S tri chng. S tri chng ny quyt nh khng tng ng vi thc D thc th tm, v thc ny qu vi t lit nhc; v thc ny khng tng ng vi v minh v tu (m s tri chng th l v minh l lit tu); v v thc ny cng khi vi tr phm php khng. Trong 7 chuyn thc, th ty s thch hp m c s tri chng ny hoc t hoc nhiu, ging nh Phin no chng. Nm thc nhn, nh, v.v... v khng c tnh phn bit, nn khng tng ng vi kin, nghi v.v... ca php chp. Ngoi kin, nghi, cn cc phin no khc, do lc dn khi, ni nm thc u c. S tri chng ny ch tng ng vi tm bt thin v v k. Lun ni: "V minh (S tri chng) ch c tnh bt thin v v k", v si (bt thin) v v si (thin) khng tng ng nhau. Trong Phin no chng chc chn c s tri chng, v phin no chng nht nh dng S tri chng lm ch nng. Hai chng th khng khc nhau m dng th c khc. Cho nn hai th ty min ny ty theo nng lc ca Thnh o hn hoc km m dt tr n c trc, c sau. Trong 4 th v ph v k (l oai nghi, cng xo, bin ha, D thc), s tri chng ny thuc D thc sanh. Cn cc th oai nghi v k kia th dng bc nhc khng th

chp lp cnh s tri, lm chng ngi B . y gi l S tri chng l v ph, l i vi Nh tha m ni, nu i vi B tt th S tri chng cng l hu ph. - Nu trong S tri chng gm c kin, nghi v.v... th ti sao trong Kh kinh ni chng t S tri chng l v minh tr a? - V trong S tri chng th v minh tng thnh hn, nn gi chung l v minh, ch khng phi khng c kin, nghi, nh trong loi chng t Phin no chng nu thuc c kin th lp lm kin i tr a, nu thuc v Dc, Sc, V sc gii th lp lm dc i tr a, sc i tr a, hu i tr a, ch u phi trong cc tr a khng c mn, v minh v.v... Hai chng nh vy, nu l phn bit khi, th nhip v kin o on; nu l nhm vn (cu sanh) khi th nhip v tu o on. Nh tha ch on c phin no chng, B tt mi on c c hai chng. Nhng vnh vin on c chng t hai chng, th ch c Thnh o mi a mi lm c. Cn khc phc hin hnh hai chng, th c hu lu o trc khi ng a cng lm c. B tt tr trong T lng v ny, tuy khc phc c hai chng hin hnh phn th, nhng i vi hai chng hin hnh phn t v hai ty min ca hai chng , th v sc ch qun cn yu km nn cha th dp dt c. T lng v ny tuy cha chng c tnh chn nh Duy thc, nhng nng vo sc hiu bit th thng, tu cc thng hnh (Lc ), nn n cng c nhip vo a v gii hnh. - Thng hnh tu y, tng n nh th no? -Lc c hai th l phc v tr. Trong cc thng hnh nu do tu lm tnh th gi l tr, ngoi ra th gi l phc. Nh su Ba la mt a, tng chung th u gm c phc v tr; theo tng ring th nm Ba la mt u l phc c; Ba la mt th su l tr tu. Hoc Ba la mt u ch l phc c; mt Ba la mt cht l tr tu; hai Ba la mt tinh tn, thin nh th thng c phc v tr. - Li c hai th, l t li v li tha. Khi tu tp thng hnh, ty theo sc lc m ht thy thng hnh thng c t li, li tha. Ni theo tng sai bit, th su Ba la mt v cc php B phn u nhip v hnh t li; cn bn nhip s, bn v lng tm v.v... u nhip v hnh li tha. Nhng hnh tu nh th nhiu v bin, u l thng hnh c tu tp T lng v ny. T lng v ny tuy cha dp tr c hai chng, khi tu thng hnh, du c ba s thi tht, nhng c th ly ba s ti luyn tm mnh, khin c dng mnh khng b thi tht vic tu chng. Ba s l:

1. Nghe ni V thng Chnh ng B rng ln su xa, tm lin thi khut, bn dn vic ca ngi khc tu, chng i B , ti luyn tm mnh c dng mnh khng cn thi tht. 2. Nghe ni b th Ba la mt v.v... rt kh thc hnh, tm lin thi tht, bn thc tnh a thch ca mnh c th tu hnh b th v.v... ti luyn tm mnh, khin dng mnh khng cn thi tht. 3. Nghe ni qu chuyn y vin mn ca cc c Pht rt kh chng t, tm lin thi khut, bn dn iu thin th thin ca ngi em so vi nhn tu th din ca mnh ti luyn tm mnh, khin dng mnh khng thi khut. Do ba s m ti luyn c tm mnh trong vic tu cc thng hnh.

---o0o--XXI. GIA HNH V

- Th hai, Gia hnh v, tng n nh th no? Tng rng: Hin tin lp cht vt, Cho l tnh Duy thc. V cn c s c, Cha thc tr Duy thc. Lun rng: B tt trc ht v s kip u, kho d b lng phc c v tr tu, vic thun theo phn gii thot c vin mn, li cn mun tin ln vo Kin o, tr tnh Duy thc, nn tip tu bn Gia hnh, khc phc dit tr hai th, l tu Non, nh, Nhn, Th nht. Bn th ny gi chung l phn quyt trch. V thun hng n phn quyt trch chn tht, v v gn n Kin o, cho nn lp tn Gia hnh, ch khng phi T lng v trc khng c Gia hnh. Bn php Non, nh, Nhn, Th nht l nng bn tm t v bn nh tht tr, theo v th trc sau m lp. Bn tm t (suy tm, t st) l tm t danh, tm t ngha, tm t t tnh, tm t sai bit. Bn th u l gi c khng tht. Nh tht bit khp bn th danh, ngha v.v... , la thc khng c v thc chp th la bn tng cng khng c (s th nng u khng); gi l tr nh tht. Danh v

ngha tng khc nhau cho nn tm t ring; cn t tnh v sai bit ca danh v ngha tng ng nhau, nn hp li m tm t. - Nng minh c nh, pht sanh tm t bc h, qun thy khng c tng s th, lp lm "Non v". Ngha l a v ny qun bn php s th l danh, ngha, t tnh, sai bit, u do t tm bin hin, gi thi thit ni l c, nhng k tht khng c g nm bt c. Ban u t c hnh tng sng trc tin ca mt tri tu, nn c tn l "minh c". Tc l t c tng ban u ca la o (tng nng) nn cng gi l Non. - Nng minh tng nh, pht khi tm t bc thng, qun thy khng c s th, lp lm "nh v". Ngha l a v ny vn qun bn php danh, ngha, t tnh, sai bit u do t tm hin bin, gi thi thit cho l c, nhng k tht khng c g nm bt c. Tng sng ca la tu sng dn ln, nn gi l "Minh" tng. Tt nh ca a v tm t, nn gi l nh (u). - Nng n thun nh, pht khi tr nh tht bc h, i vi "khng s th" quyt nh n nhp gi gn, v i trong "khng nng th" cng ty thun vui nhn. khng c cnh tht la thc nng th, th u c thc tht la khi cnh s th. S th, nng th, cho do i i m c. Khi n nhp ty thun, chp nhn, chung gi l nhn. n nhp "khng s th" trc v ty thun "khng nng th" sau, cho nn gi l "n thun", nhn chu cnh v thc u khng, nn cng gi l Nhn. - Nng V gin nh, pht khi tr nh tht bc thng, n nhp c hai th u khng, lp lm php "Th nht". Ngha l nhn bc thng trc kia ch n nhp "nng th khng", nay php th nht ny c hai khng u n nhp. T y lin tc khng gin on, th chc chn nhp vo Kin o, nn gi l "V gin". trong php ca loi d sanh th n y l php ti thng hn c, nn gi l Th nht. Nh th Non v nh l nng thc nng th m qun cnh s th l khng; n khi khi ln nhn bc h th n chng tng khng ca cnh; khi chuyn v sanh trung nhn th i vi thc nng th cng thy n l khng nh cnh, thun vui nhn c th theo ; n khi nhn bc thng khi ln th n chng nng th khng. Ln n Th nht php th n chng c nng th, s th u khng. Tuy nhin, a v trn cn thy c tng "khng" chng, nn cha chng thc. V vy ni B tt a v ny, hin tin cn lp ra cht vt m cho l tnh thng ngha Duy thc, l do cha tr c hai tng khng v c, v cn mang theo tng qun tm, cn c s c, cho nn chng phi tht an tr chn Duy thc; khi tng kia dit ri, mi tht an tr. Nng theo ngha , nn c tng rng: B tt trong nh, Qun nh ch l tm, Tng ngha dit tr,

Thm qun ch t tng. Nh vy tr ni tm, Bit "s th" chng c. Bit "nng th" cng khng, Sau chng v s c. Gia hnh v ny cha khin tr c s rng buc ca tng c, tng khng, nn i vi s rng buc ca hai th trng chng cng cha th dt. Ch c th dp tr hai chng phn bit hin hnh, v hai chng phn bit hin hnh tri vi Kin o; cn hai chng cu sanh hin hnh v hai chng ty min, v tm cn hu lu, qun cn s c, c phn bit, cho nn cha hon ton dp tr, cha hon ton dt ht. B tt a v ny, i vi an lp (4 ) v phi an lp (nh khng chn nh) u hc tp qun st, dn pht sanh hai kin l chn kin o v tng kin o trong ng lai, v dp hai chng phn bit. Phi an lp l cnh s qun chnh ca B , ch khng phi nh Nh tha ch qun an lp . B tt pht khi cc thin cn Non, nh v.v... lc tu phng tin, tuy thng c cc ci Thin u pht c, nhng phi nng thin th t mi c vin mn, v nng ni ch ti thng mi nhp vo Kin o. V ch nng thn ngi ci Dc mi pht khi thin cn ny; cn cc ci khc th tm tu v tm nhm chn cn km, kh pht sanh c. a v Gia hnh ny cng nhip thuc gii hnh a, v cha chng c chn thng ngha ca Duy thc.

---o0o--XXII. THNG T V
- Th ba l Thng t v, tng n nh th no? Tng rng: Nu khi i s duyn Tr u khng s c, By gi tr Duy thc, V la hai tng th.

Lun rng: Nu khi B tt i vi cnh s duyn, tr khng phn bit, hon ton khng s c, khng chp th cc tng h lun, by gi mi gi l tht an tr tnh chn thng ngha Duy thc, tc l chng Chn nh. Tr v Chn nh bnh ng, u la c tng nng th v s th, v nng th, s th u l tng h lun do tm phn bit c s c hin ra. - C ngi cho rng tr ny khng c hai phn Kin v Tng, v ni khng c tng s th, nng th. - C ngi cho rng tr ny c hai phn tng v kin, v tr c mang theo tng chn nh kia m khi, gi l duyn tng kia. Nu khng cn c tng chn nh kia m cng gi l duyn tng chn nh kia, th l ra tr duyn sc cng l tr duyn thanh, cn nu khng c kin phn th khng th duyn c, lm sao c th ni l tr duyn chn nh? Khng th cho rng tnh chn nh khng phi kin phn m cng gi l nng duyn. Cho nn, nn chp nhn tr ny chc chn c kin phn. - C ngi cho rng tr ny kin phn th c, tng phn th khng, v ni khng c tng kh th, y l khng chp th tng. Tuy c kin phn m khng phn bit, nn ni chng phi nng th, ch khng phi nng th hon ton khng c. Tuy khng c tng phn nhng c th ni tr ny c mang theo tng chn nh m khi, khng phi la chn nh. Nh khi t chng phn duyn kin phn, l khng bin ra tng phn m duyn, y cng vy. Bin ra tng phn m duyn, l khng phi thn chng. Nh tr hu c th n c phn bit. Cho nn, nn chp nhn tr cn bn chng chn nh ny c kin phn, khng c tng phn. Tu Gia hnh lin tc khng gin on, n khi tr khng phn bit ny pht sanh th th hi chn nh, gi l a v thng t. V mi bt u chiu r chn l, nn cng gi l Kin o. - Nhng Kin o ny lc c hai th: - Mt l chn kin o. Chnh l tr khng phn bit ni y, n thc chng chn l do hai khng hin l, thc on c ty min chng t ca hai chng phn bit. Tuy tm tri qua nhiu st na vic mi rt ro, nhng v trc sau tng t nhau, nn gi chung l nht tm. - C ngi cho rng trong chn kin o ny, hai khng dn dn chng, hai chng dn dn an, v c cn su th t khc nhau. - C ngi cho rng trong chn kin o ny, hai khng chng ngay mt ln, hai chng dt ngay mt ln, v do nng lc lc, c sc kham nng lm nh vy. - Hai l tng kin o. y li c hai: 1. Qun phi an lp c ba bc tm:

a. Tr bn trong khin tr ci bnh ly hu tnh gi lm duyn, n c th dt c phn mm ca loi phn bit ty min. b. Tr bn trong khin tr ci bnh ly cc php gi lm duyn, n c th dt c phn va ca loi phn bit ty min. c. Tr khp khin tr tt c bnh ly hu tnh v cc php gi lm duyn, n c th dt ht thy phn bit ty min. Hai trng hp trc gi l "php tr", v duyn ni thn v ni php ring. Trng hp th ba gi l "loi tr" v hip chung li m duyn. y l bt chc chn kin o, trong kin phn duyn "hai khng" m t dt c hai chng thng qua v gin o, gii thot o; duyn ring v duyn chung m kin lp gi l tng kin o. - C ngi cho rng c ba tr trn u l chn kin o, v tng kin o th duyn T , ch khng qun phi an lp . - C ngi cho rng ba tr ny l tng kin o, v chn kin o th khng duyn tng cnh ring. 2. Duyn an lp (T ) c mi su tm. y li c hai: a. Nng theo php qun s th, nng th, m lp ring php v loi gm c mi su tm. Ngha l qun Kh c bn tm: - Kh php tr nhn, tc qun tnh chn nh ca Kh trong ba ci, chnh thc on c 28 th hoc phn bit ty min khi thy c Kh ca ba ci. - Kh php tr, tc l kh php tr nhn kia tip tc khng gin on qun tnh chn nh ca Kh nh trc, m chng c gii thot khi phin no on trc . - Kh loi tr nhn, tc l kh php tr trc tip tc khng gin on m pht sanh tu v lu, i vi php nhn v php tr u ring chng bn trong. Nhng Thnh php tip sau php nhn, php tr ny u thuc vo loi y. - Kh loi tr, tc kh loi tr nhn kia khng gin on m pht sanh tr v lu, thm nh n kh i vi loi tr nhn trc . Nh vi Kh c bn tm, nn bit i vi Tp , Dit , o cng u c bn tm nh vy. Trong mi su tm ny, tm th thuc php nhn, php tr th qun chn nh, cn tm th thuc loi nhn, loi tr th qun chnh tr. y chnh l bt chc o v gin,

o gii thot trong chn kin o c sai khc v kin phn v t chng phn m kin lp, gi l tng kin o. b. Nng php qun cnh T h gii, thng gii m ring lp mi su tm gm tm php, tm loi. Ngha l qun T ci hin tin (ci Dc) v khng hin tin (ci Sc, V sc) mi u c hai tm l hin qun nhn (v gin o) v hin qun tr (gii thot o) theo ch thch hp, bt chc kin phn qun T thng qua v gin o, gii thot o trong chn kin o, dt c 112 th hoc phn bit ty min thuc loi kin o on, gi l Tng kin o. Nu nng vo Thnh gio o l qung b m ni Tng kin o c chn th tm. y chnh l nng ni (tng kin o duyn an lp ) trc kia c hai ln mi su tm, lp ring thnh hai th Ch v Qun, tc php v loi, u c nhn v tr. Php c bn cch qun, loi c bn cch qun thnh tm tm, trong c "Ch" tng ng, chung li lm mt tm thnh chn tm. Tuy trong kin o c c Ch v Qun, nhng i vi ngha thy o th qun thun hn ch khng phi ch. Cho nn y Qun v Ch khi khai ra, khi hip li khng ng. Do chn tm ny gi l Tng kin o. Cc Tng kin o u nng Chn kin o m gi ni. n t Th nht php khng gin on khi sanh v gi ni n l dt ty min hai chng, ch khng phi thc nh vy. V sau Chn kin o mi sanh Tng kin o, sau phi an lp mi khi an lp , m ty min ca hai chng phn bit th Chn kin o dt ht. Trc Chn kin o chng Duy thc tnh, sau Tng kin o chng Duy thc tng. Trong hai kin o , Chn kin o thng hn, cho nn bi Tng ni ring rng: "Tr u khng s c". Trc Chn kin o nhip thuc Cn bn tr, sau Tng kin o, nhip thuc Hu c tr. - Cc Hu c tr c hai phn Tng v Kin chng? - C thuyt ni: u khng c, v xa la hai th. - C thuyt ni, tr Hu c ny, Kin phn th c, Tng phn th khng, v lun ni tr ny c phn bit, v Thnh tr u c th trc tip chiu cnh, nhng v khng chp trc m ni la hai th. - C thuyt ni tr ny c c hai phn Kin v Tng, lun ni tr ny ch t duy tng chn nh tng t m khng thy c tnh chn nh chn tht. Li ni tr Hu c ny phn bit c t tng, cng tng ca cc php, qun cn tnh sai khc ca loi hu tnh m v h ni php. Li ni tr Hu c ny hin ra thn hnh quc ni Chnh php cho cc loi hu tnh. Nu khng bin hin ra sc, ting v.v... tng t, th u c c cc vic hin thn ni php? Nu chuyn ch da ca sc un ri th khng cn hin sc, vy chuyn ch da ca bn un th l ra khng cn c th.

Li tr Hu c ny khng bin ra cnh tong t duyn, la php t th th l ra chng phi l s duyn. Nu chng phi l s duyn m duyn, nh vy khi duyn sc cng l duyn ting. Li duyn khng php nh duyn qu kh v lai, l ng l khng c duyn s duyn, v th qu kh, v lai khng tht, khng c tc dng lm duyn. Do tr Hu c, c c hai phn Kin, Tng. - Hai kin o ny v su Hin qun nhip thuc nhau nh th no? Su hin qun l: 1.- T hin qun - Tc l tu c thnh tu bi "T Tm s" tng ng vi h th bc cao. T tu ny c th qun st tng chung ca cc php, dn sanh ra kh nng qun st cc php khi trong Gia hnh o nh Non, nh, v.v... tc dng ca t tu ny rt mnh, nn c bit lp lm hin qun ch cc thin cn Non, nh v.v... khng th phn bit php mt cch rng ri, li cha chng chn l cho nn chng phi l hin qun. 2. Tn hin qun - Tc l duyn theo Tam Bo th v xut th gian, sanh lng tin thanh tnh quyt nh, n gip cho hin qun khin khng b thi chuyn, nn t tn l Tn hin qun. 3. Gii hin qun - Tc l v lu gii, tr cu u ca s ph gii, khin cho qun tr cng thm sng, nn cng gi l hin qun. 4. Hin qun tr hin qun - Tc l tt c tr cn bn v tr hu c v phn bit duyn phi an lp . 5. Hin qun bin tr hin qun Tc l cc tr duyn an lp ca th gian v xut th gian tip theo sau hin qun tr hin qun. 6. Cu cnh hin qun - Tc l tr a v cu cnh, nh tn tr v.v... - Chn kin o ny thu nhip mt phn hin qun th t. - Tng kin o ny thu nhip mt phn hin qun th t, th nm. Hin qun th hai, th ba, tuy cng khi vi tng, kin o, song n khng phi t tnh ca kin o, cho nn khng thu nhip nhau. Khi B tt t c hai kin o ny th c sanh vo nh Nh Lai, tr a v cc h, kho thng t php gii, c cc th bnh ng, thng sanh vo trong hi chng ca ch Pht, i vi hng trm mn php c t ti, t bit khng bao lu chng i B , c th lm li lc cho tt c chng sanh tn i v lai.

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XXIII. TU TP V
- Th t, Tu tp v, tng n nh th no? Tng ni: Khng c, chng ngh ngh, L tr xut th gian. Do b hai th trng Bn chng c chuyn y, Lun rng: B tt t sau khi khi ln kin o trc kia ri, cn mun on tr hai chng cu sanh, chng c chuyn y, nn li thng thng tu tp tr khng phn bit. Tr ny xa la s th, nng th cho nn ni l v c v chng ngh ngh. Hoc xa la h lun, ni l v c, diu dng kh lng, gi l chng ngh ngh. l tr xut th gian v phn bit. on tr th gian gi l xut th gian. Ty min ca hai th l gc th gian, ch c tr v phn bit ny mi on c, nn ring gi l xut, hoc gi l xut th, l nng ni hai ngha lp, l th v lu v chng chn nh. Tr v phn bit ny c hai ngha y cho nn ring c gi l xut th. Cn cc tr khc th khng th th. Tr ny tc tr v phn bit trong mi a, thng tu tp n th x b c hai th trng. Chng t hai chng gi l th trng, v tnh n th tc nng n, khng c kh nng kham nhm, tri vi tr v lu vi t khinh li, lm cho hai chng t hai chng vnh vin dt tr, nn gi l b (x). Tr v phn bit ny b c hai chng th trng kia, bn chng c hai chuyn y rng ln. Y l ch nng, tc thc th tm Y tha khi, lm ch nng cho php nhim, php tnh gi l y. Php nhim l Bin k s chp h vng. Php tnh l Vin thnh tht tnh chn tht. Chuyn tc l hai phn nhim tnh nng ni thc th tm Y tha khi, chuyn b phn nhim, chuyn c phn tnh. Do thng tu tp tr v phn bit, dt hai chng th trng trong bn thc, cho nn chuyn b phn Bin k s chp (nhim) trn thc th tm Y tha khi, v chuyn c phn Vin thnh tht tnh (tnh) trong thc th tm Y tha khi. Do chuyn phin no chng c i Nit bn, chuyn s tri chng c V thng gic. - Thnh lp l Duy thc l ch lm cho chng hu tnh chng c hai qu chuyn y nh th. Hoc "y" tc l tnh Duy thc chn nh (thc tnh) n lm ch nng cho sanh t v Nit bn. Hng ngu phu in o m chn nh y, cho nn t v thy li chu kh

sanh t, cn bc Thnh gi xa la in o, ng chn nh y, nn chng c Nit bn cu cnh an vui. Do thng tu tp tr v phn bit, dt hai chng th trng trong bn thc, cho nn chuyn dit phn sanh t nng ni chn nh v chuyn c phn Nit bn nng ni chn nh. y chnh l chn nh xa la tnh tp nhim. Chn nh tuy tnh thanh tnh m tng tp nhim, cho nn khi xa la tp nhim gi ni mi thanh tnh. Tc ci mi thanh tnh , ni l "chuyn y". Trong Tu tp v, do on chng m chng c chuyn y, v tuy mi a v tu tp ny cng chng c B , nhng khng phi l iu m trong bi Tng mun ni. bi Tng ch mun ni r chuyn tnh Duy thc, (v Duy thc tnh tc Nit bn) a v vin mn ca Nh tha, th gi l thn gii thot; cn c i Mu ni (Pht) th gi l Php thn. - Nh th no chng c hai th chuyn y? - l trong mi a, tu mi Thng hnh (mi Ba la mt) dt mi trng chng, chng mi chn nh. Nh chng c hai th chuyn y. Mi a l: 1. Cc h a Ban u c c tnh ca bc Thnh, chng hai khng, lm li ch mnh ngi, sanh tm vui mng ln. 2. Ly cu a - y gii thanh tnh, xa la cc cu nh phin no thng lm khi sanh s phm gii vi t. 3. Pht quang a Thnh tu thng nh, tng tr i php, pht sinh v bin nh sng diu tu. 4. Dim tu a An tr php B phn ti thng, t chy ci phin no, la tu tng ln. 5. Cc nan thng a Hai tr chn v tc, hnh tng tri nhau, m hp n li lm cho tng ng nhau l rt kh. 6. Hin tin a - Tr vo tr bit v duyn khi, dn dt tr Bt nh ti thng v phn bit, lm cho n c hin tin. 7. Vin hnh a - n ngn m cui cng ca cng dng v tng tr, vt khi xa o ca th gian v Nh tha. 8. Bt ng a Tr v phn bit, nhm vn tng tc, tng dng phin no khng lm lay ng c. 9. Thin tu a Thnh tu bn v ngi gii vi diu, bin khp mi phng, kho ni diu php.

10. Php vn a My tr i php, cha nc cng c, che lp tt c, nh h khng che lp hai tng th trng, lm sung mn php thn. Mi a nh vy, tng nhip tt c cng c hu vi, v vi, ly lm t tnh, lm ch nng ta, gn gi th thng cho s tu hnh c sanh trng, cho nn gi l a. Mi thng hnh l: 1. Thng hnh b th c ba, l th ca, th khng s, th php. 2. Thng hnh tr gii c ba, l gii nhip lut nghi, gii nhip thin php, gii nhiu ch hu tnh. 3. Thng hnh nhn nhc, c ba,l nhn ni v s on hi, nhn ni v s an nhin chu kh, nhn ni v s qun st php. 4. Thng hnh tinh tn c ba, l tinh tn mc o gip, tinh tn thu nhip iu thin, tinh tn v vic li lc hu tnh. 5. Thng hnh tnh l c ba, l tnh l an tr, tnh l dn pht, tnh l bin s. 6. Thng hnh Bt nh c ba, l tu khng phn bit v sanh khng, tu khng phn bit v php khng, tu khng phn bit v c hai khng. 7. Thng hnh phng tin thin xo c hai, l phng tin thin xo hi hng, phng tin thin xo cu . 8. Thng hnh nguyn c hai, l nguyn cu B , nguyn li lc chng sanh. 9. Thng hnh lc c hai, l lc t trch, lc tu tp. 10. Thng hnh tr c hai, l tr th dng php lc, tr thnh thc hu tnh. - Tnh ca mi Thng hnh ny l, b th ly khng tham v ba nghip t khng tham khi ln, lm tnh. Tr gii ly ba nghip trong khi th hc gii B tt lm tnh. Nhn nhc ly khng sn, tinh tn, tu thm st v hai nghip t n khi ln lm tnh. Tinh tn ly sing nng v ba nghip t n khi ln lm tnh. Tnh l ch ly ng tr lm tnh. Nm thng hnh sau u ly tr tu trch php lm tnh, tc tr Cn bn v Hu c. C ngi cho rng Thng hnh nguyn th tm ly dc, thng gii v tn lm tnh. y ni t tnh mi Thng hnh nh vy, nu gm lun c quyn thuc ca n th mi Thng hnh u ly ht thy cng c cng thc hnh lm tnh. - Tng ca mi Thng hnh ny l phi da by iu ti thng nhip th mi c th lp lm Ba la mt a.

1) An tr ti thng - Tc phi an tr chng tnh B tt. 2) Y ch ti thng - Tc phi y ch tm i B . 3) lc ti thng - Tc phi thng xt ht thy hu tnh. 4) S nghip ti thng - Tc phi hnh tt c vic th thng. 5) Xo tin ti thng - Tc phi c tr v tng nhip th. 6) Hi hng ti thng - Tc phi hi hng v thng B . 7) Thanh tnh ti thng - Tc phi khng b hai chng xen tp. Nu khng c by iu ny nhip th th vic b th v.v... khng n b kia. Do mi Thng hnh b th v.v... i vi Ba la mt a mi mi u nn phn bit lm bn cu (th chng phi Ba la mt, Ba la mt chng phi th v.v...). y ch ni mi Thng hnh khng thm khng bt, v trong mi a i tr mi Chng, chng mi Chn nh khng thm khng bt. - Li na su Thng hnh u khng thm khng bt, v i tr vi su th chng t tri ngc vi n. Nh b th i tr t xan tham v.v... dn dn tu hnh Pht php, dn dn thnh thc hu tnh. iu ny nh trong cc b lun ni rng, nn bit. - Li b th, tr gii, nhn nhc, th chiu cm trong o th sanh c tt p, c ti ca nhiu, c thn th v quyn thuc ln. Tinh tn, Thin nh, tr tu lm cho trong o thng hnh quyt nh (tinh tn) khc phc phin no, (nh thng) thnh thc hu tnh (tu) thnh tu Pht php. Cc B tt o ch gm trong hai o ny, thiu mt tt khng thnh. - Li ba Thng hnh u th lm li ch hu tnh. B th th em ti vt cho h; tr gii th khng lm no hi h; nhn th nhn chu h lm no hi mnh, ch v li ch cho h. Cn ba Thng tinh tn v.v... l i tr phin no, tuy cha dp tr c chng, nhng tinh tn tu tp cc thin gia hnh i tr chng; Thin th vnh vin khc phc phin no, tu th vnh vin dit tr ht phin no. - Li do b th, tr gii, nhn nhc, nn khng tr Nit bn; do tinh tn, Thin nh, tr tu, nn khng tr sanh t, lm t lng cho Nit bn v tr x. Do m su Thng hnh u s khng thm nhiu hn, khng bt t li. Cn bn Thng hnh sau l gip su Thng u, lm cho s tu hnh c y , nn khng thm, khng bt. Nh "phng tin thin xo" th gip cho b th, tr gii, nhn nhc; "nguyn" th gip cho tinh tn; "lc" th gip cho tnh l; "tr" th gip cho bt nh, khin s tu hnh c y . Nh trong kinh Gii Thm Mt ni rng, nn bit.

Th t mi Thng hnh l do cc Thng hnh trc trc dn pht cc Thng hnh sau sau, do cc Thng hnh sau sau gi gn s thanh tnh ca cc Thng hnh trc trc. Li cc Thng hnh trc th th, cc Thng hnh sau th t, d tu kh tu, th t nh th. Cn gii thch tn chung, tn ring ca mi Thng hnh, th nh cc ch khc ni: - C nm cch mi Thng hnh ny: a. Nng s nhm gi gn m tu. b. Nng s dng m tu. c. Nng vui thch m tu. d. Nng phng tin m tu. d. Nng t ti m tu. Nng nm cch tu ny m tu tp mi Ba la mt c vin mn. Tng n nh trong Tp lun v.v... ni rng. - Mi Ba la mt a ny thu nhip nhau l, nu lun v nhip chung th mi mt trong mi Ba la mt a u thu nhip tt c Ba la mt a, v chng thun hp nhau. Nu lun ring v s thu nhip nhau th c ba : 1. Nng vo vic tu hnh trc m dn n hnh sau, th hnh trc thu nhip hnh sau, v sau phi i trc, hnh sau khng thu nhip hnh trc, v trc khng cn i sau. 2. Nng vo vic tu hnh sau gi gn s thanh tnh cho hnh trc, th hnh sau thu nhip hnh trc, v sau gi thanh tnh cho trc; hnh trc khng thu nhip hnh sau, v trc khng gi thanh tnh cho sau. 3. Nu nng vo s thun nht hay ln ln tu tp m lun, th trin chuyn trng qua nhau, nn lp lm bn cu (thun khng tp, tp khng thun, cng thun cng tp, khng thun khng tp). - y tht c mi , nhng c ch ni su , nn bit bn sau trong mi , nhip thuc th su. Hoc su m m ra thnh mi th trong th su nhip v tr v phn bit; cn bn sau u nhip vo tr hu c, v duyn theo th tc. - Hu qu do mi hnh ny chiu cm l: Mi hnh hu lu th chiu cm bn qu ng lu, D thc, Tng thng, S dng, tr qu Ly h. Mi hnh v lu th chiu cm bn qu ng lu, Tng thng, S dng, Ly h, tr qu D thc. Nhng c ch ni mi hnh chiu cm c nm qu, hoc tng t nhau, hoc hp c hai qu hu lu, v lu m ni.

Mi hnh ny vi ba v hc thu nhip nhau nh th ny: - Gii hc c ba: a. Gii lut nghi L chnh thc xa la nhng iu ng xa la. b. Gii nhip thin php L chnh thc tu chng nhng iu ng tu chng. c. Gii nhiu ch hu tnh L chnh thc li lc tt c hu tnh. Gii hc ny vi Nh tha c chung v khng chung, rng ln su xa, nh ch khc ni (gii nhip lut nghi l chung vi Nh tha, cn hai gii kia ch i tha c). - nh hc c bn: a. nh i tha quang minh L nh lm pht sanh nh ng tr tu chiu liu l, gio, hnh, qu i tha (bt nh c). b. nh vng gom gp phc c L nh t ti gom gp v bin phc c, nh vua c th lc khng g snh ni (gii thot c). c. nh hin th - L nh c kh nng gi gn php hin thin ca th gian v xut th gian (php thn c). d. nh kin hnh L vic lm ca hng hu tnh ln lao mnh m nh Pht, B tt (nh Th Lng Nghim). Cnh s th duyn, s i tr, sc kham chu, cch dn pht, cc tc nghip ca bn nh ny nh cc ch khc ni. - Tu hc c ba: a. Tu gia hnh khng phn bit (tm t chn nh). b. Tu cn bn khng phn bit (chng nh). c. Tu hu c khng phn bit (tu khi dng li tha). T tnh, ch nng, nhn duyn, cnh s duyn v hnh tng ca ba tu ny nh cc ch khc ni. - Ba tu nh vy, v chng t th trong hai a v t lng v gia hnh u c , cn v hin hnh th ch c trong gia hnh v. Trong thng t v, v hin hnh th c hai tu l cn bn v hu c, v chng t th c c ba tu. Cn trong kin o v th khng c hin hnh gia hnh tu. Trong t tp v gm c mi a (thp a), a th by tr v trc hoc chng hoc hin u c ba tu; a th tm tr i, hin hnh th c hai tu l

cn bn v hu c, v a th tm tr i l v cng dng o, tri vi hin hnh gia hnh tu. S tn ti ca n u dng tr hu c, nhm vn hin khi trong khi qun v lu (ch khng phi dng tr gia hnh). Trong cu cnh v, u c hai tu cn bn v hu c va hin hnh va chng t, cn hin hnh v chng t ca tu gia hnh th y u b ht. - Nu t tnh g nhip theo t tnh y, th gii ch nhip gii; nh ch nhip tnh l; cn tu th nhip nm sau. Nu kim nhip c cc tr bn ng hnh th su u nhip ln nhau. Nu nhip theo tc dng th gii nhip ba trc, v b th l t lng ca gii, tr gii l t th ca gii v nhn nhc l quyn thuc ca gii; nh nhip tnh l; tu nhip nm sau; tinh tn nhip c ba l gii, nh, tu, v n sch tn khp ba th . - Nu theo tng r rng m nhip th gii thu nhip bn trc l th, gii, nhn, thm tinh tn l sch tn th h, thnh bn; nh nhip tnh l; tu nhip nm sau. - a v ca mi thng hnh ny l, c nm a v t t lng n cu cnh u c , tuy nhin ch trong tu tp v tng n r rt hn. Nhng cc B tt n ng trong hai a u, v chng t mi hnh th thng c hu lu, v lu, v hin hnh ca mi hnh th ch l hu lu. Nhng B tt tim ng th hoc chng hoc hin u thng c hu lu, v lu, v c c s qun st v sanh khng v lu. trong thng t v chng t mi hnh thng c hu lu, v lu, cn hin hnh ca mi hnh th ch l v lu. - Trong tu tp v gm c mi a, a th by tr v trc, th chng t v hin hnh ca mi hnh u thng c hu lu, v lu, a th tm tr i, v chng t mi hnh th thng c hu lu, v lu, cn hin hnh th ch l v lu. Trong cu cnh v, hoc chng hoc hin ca mi hnh u ch l v lu. - Mi thng hnh trong lc tu nhn gm c ba tn: a. Vin Ba la mt a - Tc v s kip u tin, lc ny th lc ca s b th v.v... cn yu, b phin no , cha th li n, do phin no c thnh lnh hin hnh. b. Cn Ba la mt a - Tc v s kip th hai, lc ny th lc ca s b th v.v... dn dn tng, khng cn b phin no , m ngc li n. Do phin no khi c c n mi hin hnh. c. i Ba la mt a - Tc v s kip th ba, lc ny th lc ca b th v.v... cng tng, dp hon ton tt c phin no hin hnh. Do phin no vnh vin khng th hin hnh; nhng cn hin hnh v chng t ca s tri chng vi t v chng t ca phin no chng cha hon ton dt b. Ngha loi ca mi Thng hnh sai bit v bin, ch s dng di, nn lc nu cng yu.

- Mi Thng hnh, tuy trong mi a B tt u tht tu, nhng ty theo tng ca mi th tng hn m mi a tu mi hnh. Tuy php tu ca mi a B tt c v lng mn, nhng u nhip vo trong mi hnh o b ngn ny. - Mi trng chng l: 1. Chng ca tnh D sanh (phm phu) l da vo phn chng t ca hai chng phn bit khi m lp lm D sanh tnh. Nh tha lc c tr kin o hin tin, ch dt c mt th phn bit phin no, gi l c Thnh tnh. B tt lc c tr kin o hin tin, th dt c hai chng phn bit, gi l c Thnh tnh. V lc hai chn kin o (ca Nh tha v B tt) hin tin th chng t ca hai chng phn bit kia, t khng thnh tu. Ging nh sng v ti quyt nh khng cng sanh, hoc nh hai u cn, cao thp cng trong mt lc. Nhng php tri nhau, l thng nh vy. Th nn hai tnh "hoc" v "tr" khng c ci li cng khi mt lc. Hi: - Trong thi gian ca v gin o, khng cn chng t cc hoc, th cn g khi ln gii thot o? p: - V v gin o l trong thi k tr hu c dt hoc, gii thot o l trong thi k tr cn bn chng dit. Tm trong hai thi k khc nhau, nn phi c gii thot o. Li v x b tnh th trng ca phm hoc kia. V trong lc v gin o tuy khng c chng t cc hoc, nhng cha b c tnh khng kham nhm (th trng) ca n. V b tnh khng kham nhm , nn phi khi gii thot o. Li na v chng c trch dit v vi ca phm hoc y. Tuy kin o v pht khi, cng dt cc nghip qu trong ng c, nhng nay ni kin o cn khi cc hoc, v cc hoc l cn bn ca nghip qu. Do s a ni dt ci tnh th trng ca n. Hai ci ngu l: - Mt l ci ngu m chp ng php, tc l ci chng D sanh tnh ni y. - Hai l ci ngu v cc tp nhim trong ng c. Cc nghip qu do ngu m c, cng phm loi vi ngu, nn gi chung l ngu. chn a sau chun theo y m gii thch (nh lm phm ba nghip cng gi l ngu). Hoc ni S a, dt hai th ngu (v minh) l ch cho hai ngu cng khi vi li s (nm c kin) v n s (tham, sn v.v...). Ni ch "th trng kia" l ch cho chng t ca hai ngu, hoc l tnh khng kham nhm do hai ngu khi ln. Nh ni vo Nh Thin l dt kh cn (th trng), tuy kh cn khng phi hin hnh hay chng t nhng cng gi l th trng (ch th trng ny c ngha l tnh khng kham nhm).

T y v sau trong cc a, nu gp ch th trng, th nn gii thch theo y. Tuy trong S a, cc hoc do kin o dt, tht thng c hai chng phin no v s tri, m nay ni S a b chng d sanh tnh l ch ni phn s tri chng trong d sanh tnh . V Kinh ni: "Mi a dt mi th v minh" ch khng phi php phin no nhim . V minh chnh l ci ngu trong mi phm chng, v Nh tha cng dt c phin no chng, v phin no l th chung vi Nh tha, n khng phi y mun ni. Li mi v minh khng nhim l ch da vo th hoc do tu s on ti mi a m ni. Tuy ti S a cng dp mt phn phin no cu sanh, cho nn y khng ni. ng l th tht s trong tu o v ca S a (trong S a c ba tm l nhp tm, tr tm, xut tm. Nhp tm cng gi l s tm; kin o v, tr tm, xut tm cng gi hu tm tu o v) cng dt mt phn s tri chng cu sanh, nhng nay ct ni iu phi dt u tin (l dt chng D sanh tnh). S dt chng ca chn a sau, theo y m bit. Khi tr trong mn a (S a hu tm) ngm lu ri, l phi tin ti, dt ht nhng chng cn phi dt. Nu khng nh vy, th ba thi, trong mi a lc u vi v gin an, lc gia vi gii thot o, lc cui vi thng tn do, khng c sai khc. Bi vy, ni B tt khi c hin qun ri, li cng v tu o trong mi a ch tu o vnh vin dt ht s tri chng, cn li chng t phin no chng cu sanh, gip cho nguyn B th sanh li ba ci, chng phi nh Nh tha mong mau t ti vin tch, cho nn B tt tu o v khng on chng t phin no i n khi sp thnh Pht mi chng an mt ln. 2. Chng ca t hnh - Tc l mt phn cu sanh trong s tri chng, v nhng iu lm phm ni ba nghip do phn cu sanh s tri chng khi ln, n lm chng ngi i vi gii rt thanh tnh (cc tnh Thi la) ca Nh a. Khi vo Nh a lin vnh vin dt sch chng ny. Do ni a th hai l dt hai ci ngu v tnh th trng ca n. Hai ci ngu l: - Mt l ci ngu, lm phm gii vi t, tc mt phn cu sanh trong s tri chng. - Hai l ci ngu v cc nghip, cc th, tc l ba nghip lm phm do chng ny khi ln, hoc l ngu v ch khi nghip m khng hiu l nghip. 3. - Chng ca s m n - Tc l mt phn cu sanh trong s tri chng, khin nhng gio php c nghe, suy ngh, tu tr b qun mt. N lm chng ngi i vi thng nh tng tr ca a th ba, v ba tu th thng do dnh pht sanh. Khi vo a th ba lin vnh vin dt sch chng ny. Do ni a th ba dt hai ci ngu v tnh th trng ca n. Hai ci ngu l:

- Mt l ci ngu tham dc, tc l ci ngu (mt phn cu sanh trong s tri chng) n lm chng ngi thng nh v tu tu ni trong y; v n t xa xa phn nhiu i chung vi tham dc, cho nn gi l dc tham ngu. Nay c thng nh v tu s thnh tu, mt phn cu sanh s tri chng vnh vin b dt th dc tham cng theo b dp. V t v thy li, dc tham nng ni mt phn cu sanh trong s tri chng khi ln. - Hai l ci ngu v la ni vn tr vin mn, tc l ci ngu lm chng ngi ci tu c kh nng tng tr cc php c nghe, ngh. 4. Chng ca phin no vi t hin hnh - Tc l mt phn cu sanh trong s tri chng, v thn kin cng khi vi thc th su; v n l ti h phm, tc khng tc m duyn, l t xa xa c theo hin hnh, cho nn ni l vi t. N l chng ngi php B phn ca a th t. Khi vo a th t, chng ny bn vnh vin dt sch. V mt phn cu sanh s tri chng ny t xa xa cng vi phin no chp ng kin nhm vn sanh (cu sanh) trong thc th su ng mt th khi ln, cho nn gi n l phin no. Nay trong a th t, chng c php B phn v lu, s tri chng kia b dt vnh vin, th ng kin ny cng vnh vin khng hin hnh. S, Nh, Tam a tht hnh th, gii, tu tu, s tng ng vi th gian, cn a th t ny tu c php B phn, mi gi l xut th, nn vnh vin hi c hai th thn kin (thn kin, bin kin) ny. Hi: - Sao bit thn kin ny ch tng ng vi thc th su? p: - Ng kin tng ng vi thc th by cng vi o v lu, tnh tri nghch nhau, nn khi ln a th tm tr i, th ng ny mi vnh vin khng hin hnh; cn a th by tr lui n cn hin khi, v ng kin ny cng vi cc phin no ng si, ng i, ng mn lm ch nng da duy tr. Ng kin ni thc th su th, ni thc th by t nn s un dp c trc sau, v vy a th t ny ch ni dt th ng kin tng ng vi thc th su. Ni ch "thn kin" v.v... cng gm lun c nh i (i trc Thin nh), php i (i trc php nghe, ngh, tu) thuc s tri chng v th. nh i, php i a th ba cn tng, vo a th t mi vnh vin dt, v php B phn c bit tri vi n. Do , ni a th t dt hai ci ngu v tnh th trng ca n. Hai ci ngu l: - Mt l ci ngu i trc ng ch (nh thng x, mi bin x, bn v sc, v tng) tc l nh i cng i vi cu sanh s tri chng ni trong y. - Hai l ci ngu php i, tc l php i cng i vi cu sanh s tri chng ni trong y. Khi hai ci ngu nhip thuc s tri chng dt th hai th i thuc phin no chng cng vnh vin khng hin hnh.

5. Chng ca h tha Bt nit bn - l mt phn cu sanh trong s tri chng, xui khin chn sanh t, a Nit bn ng vi Nh tha bc di, chn kh a tch dit, n lm chng ngi o khng sai bit ca a th nm. Khi vo a th nm, chng ny bn b dt vnh vin. Do ni a th nm dt hai ci ngu v tnh th trng ca n. Hai ci ngu l: - Mt l ci ngu ch thun khi chn b sanh t, tc trong y ni chn sanh t. - Hai l ci ngu ch thun khi hng n Nit bn, tc trong y ni a Nit bn. 6. Chng ca th tng hin hnh - Tc l mt phn cu sanh trong s tri chng, chp c th tng nhim tnh hin hnh, n lm chng ngi i vi o khng nhim tnh ca a th su. Khi vo a th su th chng ny lin b dt vnh vin. Do , ni a th su dt hai ci ngu v tnh th trng ca n. Hai ci ngu l: - Mt l ci ngu hin qun st cc hnh lu chuyn, tc trong y ni chp c tng nhim (ca lu chuyn mn Kh, Tp ) v cc hnh lu chuyn thuc v phn nhim. - Hai l ci ngu v tng qun hin hnh nhiu, tc trong y ni chp c tng tnh, v th ly tng tnh (ca hon dit mn Dit, o ) nn tng qun th hin hnh nhiu, m cha c th tr vo v tng qun lu di. 7. Chng ca t tng hin hnh - Tc l mt phn cu sanh trong s tri chng, chp c tng vi t sanh dit hin hnh, n lm chng ngi o vi diu v tng ca a th by. Khi vo a th by, chng ny lin b dit vnh vin. Do ni a th by dt hai ci ngu v tnh th trng ca n. Hai ci ngu l: - Mt l ci ngu v tng hin hnh, tc trong y ni chp c tng sanh, v cn chp th tng sanh vi t trong lu chuyn mn. - Hai l ci ngu v s ch thun tc cu v tng, tng trong y ni chp tng dit, v cn chp th tng dit vi t trong mn hon dit, ch thun tc cn cu v tng, nn cha th trong khng v tng thin xo m khi ln thng hnh hu vi. 8. Chng ca s tc gia hnh v tng - Tc l mt phn cu sanh trong s tri chng, n khin cho v tng qun khng th nhm vn khi ln. Nm a trc qun hu tng nhiu, qun v tng t, a th su qun hu tng t, qun v tng nhiu. Trong a th by, thun qun v tng, tuy hng tng tc, nhng c gia hnh qun. Do trong khi qun v tng c tc gia hnh, nn cha th nhm vn hin ra thn tng v quc . Gia hnh nh th l chng ngi o v cng dng ca a th tm, nu khi c vo a th tm th chng ny lin b dit tr vnh vin. Do dt vnh vin m c hai iu t ti (hin tng v hin ). Do ni trong a th tm dt hai ci ngu v tnh th trng ca n. Hai ci ngu l: - Mt l ci ngu trong v tng m tc cng dng.

- Hai l ci ngu trong t ti, tng khng c t ti, khin trong tng khng c t ti; tng ny cng nhip mt phn tng quc . a th tm tr ln, thun o v lu (Nh khng qun) mi c nhm vn t ti khi. Phin no ca ba ci by gi vnh vin khng hin hnh, ch c s tri chng vi t trong thc th by l cn c hin khi, v tr qu sanh khng, khng tri vi s tri chng vi t . 9 Chng khng mun tht hnh vic li tha - Tc l mt phn cu sanh trong s tri chng, n xui khin i vi vic li lc hu tnh khng mun sing lm, ch a tu hnh t li. N lm chng ngi i vi bn v ngi gii ca a th chn. Khi vo a th chn lin dt hai ci ngu v tnh th trng ca n. Hai ci ngu l: - Mt l ci ngu i vi v lng php c ni, v lng danh, cu, ch, v tu bin ca hu c tr a la ni t ti. i vi v lng php c ni la ni t ti tc l hiu bit v nghakhng ngn ngi, tc i vi ngha l s thuyn tm gi t ti, trong mt ngha m hin by tt c ngha. i vi v lng danh, cu, ch la ni t ti, ngha l hiu bit v php khng ngn ngi, tc i vi ngn t nng thuyn, tm gi t ti, trong mt danh, cu, ch, hin by tt c danh, cu, ch. i vi tu bin ca hu c tr la ni t ti, ngha l hiu bit v ngn t khng ngn ngi, tc i vi ngn t, m thanh trin chuyn hun thch, tm gi t ti, trong mt m thanh m hin by tt c m thanh. - Hai l ci ngu v kh nng bin ti t ti. Bin ti t ti l hiu bit v bin ti khng ngn ngi, tc kho thu r c nghi, kho v ni php. Ci ngu ny lm chng ngi bn th t ti , v u nhip vo trong ci chng th chn ny. 10. Chng i vi cc php cha c t ti. l mt phn cu sanh trong s tri chng, lm cho i vi cc php khng c t ti, n chng ngi my tr i php v cng c c hm tng, s nghip c khi ln t trong tr ca a th mi. Khi vo a th mi th ci chng ny b dt vnh vin. Do , ni a th mi dt hai ci ngu v tnh th trng ca n. Hai ci ngu l: - Mt l ci ngu v i thn thng, tc trong y ni n lm chng ngi khi ln s nghip. - Hai l ci ngu v s ng nhp vi t b mt, tc trong y ni lm chng ngi my tr i php v cng c nh mi lc, bn v y hm tng trong tr . a th mi ny tuy c t ti i vi php, nhng v cn c chng tha, nn cha c gi l ti cng cc, ngha l cn c s tri chng cu sanh vi t v chng t phin no chng nhm vn khi. n khi Kim cang d nh hin ti tin, chng chng b dt mt ln m vo Nh Lai a. Do ni Pht a dt hai ci ngu v tnh th trng ca n. Hai ci ngu l: - Mt l ci ngu i vi tt c cnh s tri cn s chp trc rt vi t, tc trong y ni chng s tri vi t.

- Hai l ci ngu ca s chng ngi vi t, tc trong y ni chng t ca tt c phin no chng nhm vn cu sanh. Cho nn trong Tp Lun ni: "Khi c B , chng dt phin no v s tri chng, thnh A la hn v thnh Nh Lai, chng i Nit bn v i B vy". (Ht cun IX ca bn Hn)

---o0o--Mi mt chng ny (mi chng cng thm chng cn tha Pht a thnh mi mt) u thu vo hai chng l phin no v s tri. - Trong phin no chng, phn chng t thuc kin o on, th khi vo kin o v ca S i cc h, bt u on tr; cn phn hin hnh phin no chng thuc kin o on, th khc dp trc khi vo S a. Phn chng t phin no chng thuc tu o on, th khi Kim cang d nh hin ti tin, tt c u kp on mt ln. Cn phn hin hnh ca phin no chng thuc tu o on th tm khc dp trc khi vo S a; t S a tr ln, kp dp ht loi hin hnh ny mt ln, khin vnh vin khng hin hnh, nh A la hn. Ch tr do sc c m trong by a u tuy c tm thi khi ln nhng khng phi l li. Nu t a th tm tr ln, th loi phin no thuc tu o on, hon ton khng cn hin hnh. ( A na hm khi Kim cang d nh, dt sch chng t, phin no m chng A la hn). Trong s tri chng, phn chng t thuc kin o on, th khi vo kin o v ca S a cc h, bt u on tr; cn phn hin hnh ca s tri chng thuc kin o on th khc phc trc khi vo S a. Phn chng t s tri chng thuc tu o on th trong mi a ln lt on dt, thng n khi Kim cang d nh hin ti tin th mi vnh vin dt sch. Cn phn hin hnh s tri chng thuc tu o on th trc s a ln ln khc phc, cho n a th mi mi vnh vin dt sch. Nu t a th tm tr ln, th cu sanh s tri chng tng ng vi thc th su khng cn hin hnh, v tm qun v lu v "tr qu sanh khng" thng tip tc, tri vi n. Nhng cu sanh s tri chng tng ng thc th by vn cn hin hnh, phi c tr qu qun php khng hin khi mi dp c n. Nm chuyn thc trc d cha c chuyn y, nhng do sc qun v lu (qun hai khng) dp, m s tri chng ni nm thc ny khng th khi c. ( ng gic a khi Kim cang d nh dt ht chng t S tri m chng Diu gic). Tuy trong mi a v tu o khng ct dt chng t phin no chng, (ch ct s tri chng), nhng m tnh th trng (khng kham nhm) ca n cng dn dn dt. Do nn ni hai chng th trng, mi mi mi c ba a v on tr. Tuy trong cc a v u dt th trng, nhng c a v r rt cho nn nhn mnh ni (ba a on tr l Thng t v, Tu tp v, Cu cnh v). Dt chng t hai chng Tim, n (ln ln, mt ln) nh th no?

- Chng t phin no chng tng ng vi thc th by, khi hng Tam tha sp c qu v v hc, ch mt st na th on ht chng ny trong ba ci. Cn chng t s tri chng, khi sp thnh Pht, trong mt st na th dt ht tt c. V n lng l nhm vn khi ln bn trong, khng c th t. - Chng t ca phin no chng tng ng vi thc th th su, nu thuc loi kin o on, th trong chn kin o ca kin o v Tam tha, dt ht tt c mt ln. N thuc loi tu o on th ty ch thch hp, hoc c mt loi Nh tha i vi cu sanh phin no trong ba ci, chn a mi mi ln lt on tng chn phm ring. Li c mt loi Nh tha i vi cu sanh phin no trong ba ci, chn a, hp li lm mt nhm chn phm ring. Cn B tt th n khi khi Kim cang d nh, trong mt st na, mi on ht phin no trong ba ci mt ln. - Chng t s tri chng thuc kin o on, (tng ng vi thc th su), th khi vo s tm ca S a l on ht mt ln. Nu l thuc loi tu o on, th sau trong tu o v ca mi a, ln lt dt, cho n khi chnh thc khi ln Kim cang d nh, trong mt st na mi on ht c. V s tri chng (tng ng vi thc th su) duyn c cnh th t bn trong thn v ngoi thn m sanh khi, c nhiu phm loi sai khc (nn khng th dt mt ln). Hng Nh tha cn n, cho nn khi ln lt on chng t phi khi ring v gin o; cn nu l gia hnh o thng tn o th hoc khi chung, hoc khi ring. Hng B tt v li cn, khi a v dt ln ln s tri chng khng cn phi khi ring v gin o, gii thot o, m ngay trong tng st na, c th on hoc v chng qu, nn bn v l gia hnh, v gin, gii thot, thng tn, trc sau trng nhau, u dng c . Mi Chn nh l: 1. Bin hnh chn nh - Tc l chn nh do hai khng hin l, khng mt php no m khng c n. 2. Ti thng chn nh - Tc l chn nh v bin c, i tt c php l ti thng hn c. 3. Thng lu chn nh - Tc l chn nh ny tung dng gio php, ti thng hn c. 4. Khng nhip th chn nh - Tc l chn nh khng chi h thuc, chng phi lm ch nng cho ng chp v.v... 5. Loi v bit chn nh - Tc l chn nh loi khng sai khc, khng nh loi mt, tai v.v... sai khc nhau.

6. Khng nhim tnh chn nh - Tc l chn nh tnh vn khng nhim, nn khng th ni v sau n mi thanh tnh. 7. Php khng sai bit chn nh - Tc l chn nh, tuy c nhiu th gio php an lp, m vn khng sai khc. 8. Khng tng gim chn nh - Tc l chn nh chp tng gim, v khng theo tnh nhim m c tng gim, n cng c gi l chn nh lm ch nng cho thn tng quc t ti. Ngha l nu chng c chn nh ny ri th t ti hin thn tng, quc . 9. Tr t ti s y chn nh - Tc l nu chng c chn nh ny ri th c t ti i vi s hiu bit v ngi. 10. Nghip t ti s y chn nh - Tc l nu chng c chn nh ny ri, th khp t ti i vi tt c thn thng, tc nghip, tng tr, nh mn. Tuy tnh chn nh vn tht sai khc, nhng theo c tnh th thng sai khc m gi lp, lm mi th. Tuy trong S a t c ht thy, nhng mi Thng hnh chng t chn nh cn cha vin mn. vin mn mi Thng hnh , cho nn nng cc thng c tip theo sau chn nh bin hnh m lp ra mi Chn nh. - Nh vy, B tt trong mi a, dng mnh tu hnh mi Thng hnh, dt mi Trng chng, chng Chn nh, lin chng c c hai th chuyn y. - a v chuyn y sai khc lc c su th: 1. Tn lc ch nng chuyn - Tc l t lng v gia hnh v, do tu tp thng gii, v c tm tm qy, lm suy tn th lc chng t tp nhim trong bn thc, v lm tng ch cng nng chng t thanh tnh trong bn thc; tuy cha dt ht chng t hai chng, thc chng chuyn y, song ln lt khc phc hin hnh hai chng, cng gi l chuyn. 2. Thng t chuyn - Tc l a v thng t, do sc kin o, thng t chn nh, dt phn th trng ca hai chng phn bit, chng c mt phn chn nh chuyn y. 3. Tu tp chuyn - Tc l a v tu tp, do thng tu tp mi Thng hnh ca mi a, ln ln on phn th trng ca hai chng cu sanh, th lp chng c chuyn y chn tht. Nhng trong lun Nhip i tha li ni: "Tu Tp chuyn ny ti su a u", l v y do qun hu tng, qun v tng, m thng t c chn v tc , xen ln hin tin, khin phi chn hin, chn khng hin, hoc chn hin, phi chn khng hin. Cn ni tu tp chuyn l bn a sau trong mi a, v y tr thun

qun v tng lun lun hin tin, dng mnh tu tp, dt cc th trng cn tha, phn nhiu lm cho phi chn khng hin hin c. 4. Qu vin mn chuyn - Tc l a v cu cnh do ba i A tng k kip, tu tp v bin thng hnh kh hnh, cho n khi Kim cang d nh hin ti tin, th vnh vin dt sch tt c th trng t xa nay, kp chng Pht qu, vin mn chuyn y, tt i v lai li lc v tn. 5. H lit chuyn - Tc l hng Nh tha v l chuyn cu t li, chn kh a tch dit, nn ch thng t c chn nh do sanh khng hin l, ch dt c chng t phin no chng, v ch chng c chn trch dit v vi, khng c sc kham nng, cho nn gi l h lit chuyn. 6. Qung i chuyn - Tc l hng i tha, v l li tha m hng ti i B , khng chn sanh t, khng thch Nit bn, thng t c chn nh do hai khng hin l, dt c chng t hai chng s tri v phin no, v kp chng V thng B Nit bn. C sc kham nng c bit nh vy cho nn gi l qung i chuyn. Trong bi Tng ni "c chuyn y", chnh l ni v qung i chuyn y ny, do b ht phn th trng ca hai chng m chng c. - Ngha ca chuyn y sai khc c bn th l nng chuyn o, s chuyn y, s chuyn x, s chuyn c. 1. Nng chuyn o, y li c hai: a. o nng phc, l khc phc th lc ty min ca hai chng, khin khng cho dn sanh ra hin hnh ca hai chng. o ny thng c hai o hu lu v v lu, cng thng ba tr gia hnh, cn bn, hu c. Ty ch thch hp m ln ln hoc mt ln khc phc hin hnh hai chng. b. o nng on, l c th vnh vin dt ty min ca hai chng. o ny nht nh khng phi l o hu lu v tr gia hnh, c kh nng lm c, v o hu lu tng tp quen, v l do tng chp (tng phin no trong thc th by) dn pht, cha dt tng c, nn dng tr gia hnh m hng cu chng chn nh, dn sanh cn bn tr, th cha th thnh c. - C ngi cho rng, tr cn bn v phn bit, thn chng chn l do hai khng hin l, v khng c tng cnh, nn c th dt ty min; cn tr hu c th khng c nh vy (v cn bin tng qun khng, nn khng phi l o dt hoc). - C ngi cho rng tr hu c v phn bit, tuy khng thn chng chn l hai khng, khng sc dt c ty min m l, nhng i vi tng an lp v phi an lp, chng t r rng hin tin khng in o, cng c th dt vnh vin ty min m s. Nn lun Du gi ni: "Trong a v tu o (Tu tp v) c o th xut th on hoc"; ch khng c ch thun dng o th gian m c th hi vnh vin ty min, v o th gian l

 tng tp quen, li do tng chp (tng phin no trong thc th by) dn pht. Do l m cc ty min m l thuc kin o on hay tu o on ch c tr cn bn v phn bit thn chng chn l mi chnh thc on c. Ngoi ra, cc ty min m s thuc tu o on th c tr cn bn v tr hu c u chnh thc on c. 2. S chuyn y (ch nng c chuyn), y li c hai: a. Ch nng duy tr chng t, l thc cn bn, n duy tr chng t cc php nhim tnh v lm ch nng cho cc php nhim tnh; do Thnh o chuyn n, khin b nhim c tnh. Cc php y tha khi tuy cng lm ch nng, nhng khng th duy tr chng t, cho nn y khng ni. b. Ch nng ca m ng, tc l chn nh, n lm cn bn cho m ng, cc php nhim tnh nng m c sanh khi; do Thnh o chuyn n, khin b nhim c tnh. Cc php khc cng lm ch nng cho m ng, nhng khng phi cn bn, cho nn y khng ni. 3. S chuyn x (b chuyn b), y li c hai: a. B dt b, l chng t hai chng; khi chn v gin o hin ti tin, th v chng i tr v o i tr tri nhau, nn chng t hai chng kia t khc phi b on dit, vnh vin khng th thnh tu li, ni l "b". Chng t kia on ri khng cn hin hnh, vng chp ng php v tng php b chp cng khng cn i vi vng tnh bin k, nn cng ni l "b". Do gi l b Bin k s chp. b. B vt b, tc l cc chng t thin hu lu v chng t v lu yu km; khi Kim cang d nh hin ti tin, dn pht ra bn thc rt vin minh thun tnh, n khng cn lm ch nng cho chng t thin hu lu v chng t v lu yu km, cho nn hai th chng t ny u b vt b. Chng t kia b vt b ri th hin hnh hu lu php v php v lu yu km hon ton khng sanh khi c. vnh vin khng sanh, nn cng ni l "b". Do gi l php yu km sanh t bin dch. - C ngi cho rng cc chng t php hu lu v chng t php v lu yu km; khi Kim cang d nh hin ti tin, n u b vt b, cng lc b chng t vi t ca hai chng cu sanh. - C ngi cho rng by gi ch b chng t hai chng, nhng cha b chng t thin hu lu v chng t v lu yu km, v n khng tri vi v gin o. Nu ni by gi vt b th B tt ng l khng cn sanh t bin dch. Li a v ny, chng t hu lu nu vt b th l ng cng khng c thc D thc duy tr chng t hun tp. Th th trong lc tr v gin o, khng nn cn gi l B tt Kim cang hu tm, m nn gi l Pht. V nu gi Pht th gii thot o sau tr thnh v dng. Cn phi bit nh vy. Ngoi ra cc chng t hu lu cn li phi i n gii thot o khi ln mi vt b ht, v tnh thc th tm khng phi l ch nng ca hai chng. 4. S chuyn c (c do chuyn i), y li c hai, l: s hin c, s sanh c.

A. S HIN C (c do hin l) l i Nit bn. Nit bn tuy xa nay t tnh thanh tnh, nhng do khch trn chng ngi che lp lm cho khng hin l. Khi chn Thnh o pht sanh, dt ht khch chng khin cho tng thanh tnh hin l, gi l c Nit bn. y l nng theo vic chn nh la khi chng m thit t tn gi, cn th ca Nit bn chnh l php gii thanh tnh. Ngha ca Nit bn sai bit lc c bn th: Nit bn bn lai t tnh thanh tnh - Tc l chn nh, ch da ca ht thy php (un, x, gii), tuy c s nhim t bn ngoi m tnh n vn thanh tnh, y v s lng cng c vi diu, khng sanh khng dit, lng l nh h khng. Ht thy hu tnh, bnh ng cng c. N cng vi ht thy php chng mt, chng khc, xa la mi tng, mi phn bit, bt ng suy ngh, dt li danh ngn, ch c bc chn Thnh mi t chng ng bn trong. V tnh vn tnh lng cho nn gi l Nit bn. - Nit bn hu d y - Tc chn nh ra khi chng phin no, tuy cn c thn tr lm ch nng cho kh vi t, nhng phin no chng tch lng vnh vin, cho nn gi l Nit bn. - Nit bn v d y - Tc chn nh ra khi kh sanh t, phin no sch ht, thn d tha cng dit, bt ht cc kh, cho nn gi l Nit bn. - Nit bn khng tr x - Tc chn nh ra khi lun c s s tri chng, c i bi, v Bt nh thng ph gip, do khng tr sanh t, khng tr Nit bn, li lc hu tnh, tt cng i v lai. Tuy ng dng m thng tch lng, cho nn gi l Nit bn. Tt c hu tnh u c Nit bn tnh tnh. Nh tha v hc c ba th u, ch c Th Tn mi c th c c bn. Hi: Ti sao ng Thin Th (kho i qua) m cn c kh vi t cha ht, ni l c"Hu d y"? p: - Tuy khng tht c thn cho kh nng m hin ra nh c; hoc c thn cho kh nng ht, m ni l "V d y"; hoc c thn cho chng phi kh nng (v lu ng un) ang cn m ni l Pht c "Hu d y". Th nn c Th Tn c th ni c c bn th Nit bn. Hi: - Nu hng Thanh vn c "V d y" th ti sao c ch ni Thanh vn khng c? Li c ch ni hng Nh tha hon ton khng c Nit bn, vy h "Hu d y" Nh tha cng khng c sao? p: - Nhng v trong lc qun tr v bo thn hng Thanh vn ang tn ti, do c s tri chng, nn thn cho kh nng cha ht, tnh vin tch cn m n, nn ni l khng Nit bn, ch khng phi Thanh vn tht khng c Hu d y Nit bn, do dt sch phin no chng hin l chn l. li nhn lc by gi cha chng V d y vin tch, nn cng ni hng Thanh vn khng c "V d y", ch khng phi ni Thanh vn lc sau, khi

dt ht bo thn v qun tr, v ch cho kh nng khng cn m vn khng c V d y Nit bn. - Hoc li ni Nh tha khng c Nit bn, l ni khng c Nit bn v tr x, ch khng phi khng c ba th Nit bn u. Li ni Nh tha khng c V d y, l ch cho Nh tha bt nh tnh, hc va chng c hu d Nit bn, quyt nh hi tm cu v thng gic, do sc nh v nguyn cu m thn li lu di th gian, ch khng nh mt loi Nh tha nh tnh, qu a vin tch, c sanh khng qun, thn chng chn nh, dt sch vnh vin phin no chng chiu cm th sanh, trc ht hin l Hu d Nit bn da ni chn l. V phin no chiu cm th sanh ni h sch ht, nn D thc qu i sau khng do u sanh tr li, nn ni thn cho kh nng hin ti t nhin chm dt; cc php hu vi khng c ch nng cng phi kp b x b mt ln vi thn cho kh nng kia, m hin l V d Nit bn da ni chn l. By gi Nh tha tuy khng c bo thn v tr qun, nhng do trc thn tr ca hng Nh tha chng c l ny, nn c th no Nh tha c V d Nit bn. - Trong a v V d y Nit bn , ch c chn nh thanh tnh, la tng vng lng, tch dit an lc, cn c m ni Nh tha vi Pht khng khc, nhng Nh tha khng c B v s nghip li lc qun sanh nh Pht, nn ni Nh tha vi Pht c khc. Hi: - s tri chng khng chiu cm th sanh, ti sao s tri chng li c Nit bn v tr x? p: - V s tri chng che lp chn nh php khng, khin cho khng pht sanh ra i bi Bt nh lm li lc hu tnh cng tt i v lai, cho nn khi dt s tri chng th l php khng hin l. L tc l Nit bn v tr x, khng tr c hai bn sanh t v Nit bn. Hi: - Nu s tri chng cng chng Nit bn v tr x, ti sao s tri chng li khng c Trch dit v vi? p: Trch dit v vi l la s tri buc ca phin no m c; cn s tri chng khng phi tri buc sanh t phn on nh phin no. Hi: - S tri chng khng tri buc nh phin no, th khi dt n u c Nit bn v tr x? p: - Khng phi cc Nit bn u thuc Trch dit v vi. Nu cc Nit bn u thuc Trch dit v vi, th nh tnh tnh Nit bn khng phi do tu trch dit m c c, li khng phi Nit bn sao? - Th nn phi bit, phin no tri buc hu tnh tr sanh t phn on, khi dt n th ni l c Trch dit v vi; cn s tri chng khng chiu cm sanh t phn an, khng phi nh phin no tri buc hu tnh, cho nn khi dt s tri chng khng gi l

c trch dit v vi. Nhng do dt s tri chng, m l php khng hin l v tng ca l vng lng, nn ni l Nit bn; khng th bo Nit bn v tr x ny cng ly Trch dit lm tnh. - Cho nn bn th vin tch Nit bn ny i chiu vi cc v vi; hai th Nit bn u v cui tc chn nh v vi; hai th Nit bn gia thuc Trch dit v vi. Hi: - Nu ch dt tri buc ca phin no m c Trch dit, thi Bt ng dit v vi, Th tng dit v vi, thuc v vi no trong bn v vi? p: Hai th v vi khng nhip vo phi Trch dit v vi, n ch tm thi la tri buc m c tnh cch t nh l Phi trch dit v vi, do duyn khuyt khng sanh c. Nu tht l Trch dit v vi, th ch c hon ton dit, cn Phi trch dit nh hai v vi th khng phi vnh vin dit. - Hoc li c th ni Nit bn v tr x, cng l nhip vo Trch dit v vi, v do nng lc ca tr php khng chn tht la chn dit c s tri chng m hin by. Trc dit c hai: a. Dt tri buc m c, tc l dt phin no chiu cm th sanh m c. b. Dt chng m c, tc l dt s tri chng m chng c. Cho nn bn th vin tch (Nit bn) i trong cc v vi; Nit bn tnh tnh u tc chn nh v vi; ba th Nit bn sau u l Trch dit v vi. Nu l Bt ng dit, Th tng dit v vi th ch tm phc dit phin no, tc vo Phi trch dit, v phi hon ton dit, mi nhip vo Trch dit v vi. Hi: - ni s tri chng cng chng Nit bn v tr x, ti sao nay ch ni chng B ? p: Nh ni phin no chng ch chng Nit bn, nhng u phi n khng chng B . Nn bit Thnh gio thng da ni cng dng c bit m ni dt mi th chng mi qu, ch ng l th dt phin no hay s tri chng u chng c hai qu B v Nit bn. Trong bn th Nit bn nh vy, ch c ba th sau l chng c do hin by (s hin c). B. S SANH C (c do pht sanh) - Tc l i B . B tuy xa nay vn c chng t nng sanh, nhng v b s tri chng ngn ngi khng sanh c, nay do sc Thnh o, khin chng t y sanh khi, gi l c B . Cc chng t y khi ln ri tng tc mi tt cng i v lai. l Tm phm tng ng vi bn tr. Th no l tm phm tng ng vi bn tr?

1. Tm phm tng ng vi tr i vin cnh - Ngha l tm phm ny la cc phn bit, hnh tng v s duyn ca n vi t kh bit. N khng di, khng ngu i vi mi tng cnh, tnh tng thanh tnh, la cc tp nhim, lm ch nng cho hin hnh, v ch duy tr cho chng t ca cc cng c thun tnh vin mn, c th hin sanh nh tng ba thn t th dng, bn v ba tr tip sau l Bnh ng, Diu qun st v Thnh s tc, khng xen khng dt, cng tt i v lai, nh tm gng trn ln, hin r mun sc tng. 2. Tm phm tng ng vi tr Bnh ng tnh - Ngha l tm phm ny qun tt c php hu tnh t tha thy u bnh ng, c tnh i t bi thng tng ng, ty i cn c ca hu tnh mi a a thch m th hin thn v tha th dng vi nh tng sai khc. Tr ny l ch nng ring ca tr Diu qun st, v l ch dng lp Nit bn v tr x, nht v tng tc, cng tt i v lai. 3. Tm phm tng ng tr Diu qun st - Ngha l tm phm ny v ngi pht sanh, kho qun st t tng v cng tng cc php, thu du v lng mn tng tr qun st v pht sanh trn bo cng c, t ti hin ra v bin tc dng sai khc gia hi i chng, ma trn ma i php, dt sch nghi lm, khin cc hu tnh u c li lc. 4. Tm phm tng ng vi tr Thnh s tc - Ngha l tm phm ny v mun li lc cho cc hu tnh, nn th hin khp mi phng cc th ba nghip bin ha, thnh tu cc vic ng nn lm ca sc bn nguyn. Nh vy tm phm tng ng bn tr, tuy mi tm phm nht nh c hai mi hai tm (khi chuyn y, mi Tm vng tng ng vi hai mi mt Tm s l nm Bin hnh, nm Bit cnh, mi mt Thin, cng mt Tm vng thnh 22), c chng t hin hnh cu sanh, nng bin (t chng, chng t chng), s bin (kin tng), nhng trong cng dng ca tr mnh hn, cho nn ly tr hin by ch khng ly tm khc. V th bn tr phm ny tng nhip ht tt c cng c hu vi ca Pht a (xng tnh khi tu c). Bn tr phm ny chnh do chuyn cc thc hu lu th tm, by, su, nm v cc tm phm tng ng vi n theo th t m thnh c. Tr khng phi thc, nhng nng thc chuyn, thc l ch, cho nn ni chuyn thc thnh tr. Li trong a v hu lu, tr yu thc mnh, trong a v v lu, tr mnh thc yu. V khuyn khch loi hu tnh nng tr b thc, cho nn ni chuyn tm thc c bn tr ny. - Tm phm tng ng i vin cnh tr: C ngi cho rng B tt khi Kim cang d nh hin ti tin ( ng gic), th tr i vin cnh ny bt u hin khi, cng lc x b cc chng t s tri chng vi t trong thc D thc. Nu by gi tr i vin cnh cha hin khi th khng c bn thc duy tr chng t thanh tnh. C ngi cho rng tr phm ny phi i khi gii thot o, bt u thnh Pht n mi bt u khi ln, v chng t trong thc D thc kia, khi Kim cang d nh hin ti

tin, cn cha kp b; v chng t khng tri vi v gin o (cho nn v gin o khng dit c n). V gin o ch tri vi chng t hai chng, ch khng phi tri vi chng t thin hu lu v chng t v lu yu km. Hai th chng t ny nht nh tri vi Pht qu. Li nu Kim cang d nh khng c thc D thc chu hun, thin v lu khng cn tng na, (v trn ri) th l ra khi l thnh Pht. Do l , tr i vin cnh ny, t khi mi thnh Pht cho n tt cng i v lai, tng tc khng dt, duy tr chng t v lu, khng mt. - Tm phm tng ng tr Bnh ng tnh; B tt khi a v kin o bt u hin tin, v n tri vi hai chngng php phn bit, cho nn tr Bnh ng tnh ny mi c bt u khi sau trong mi a, V cn cha dt hai chng ng php cu sanh, cho nn a v hu lu ny cn gin an, khng hin tin, thng n php vn a hu tm, n cng vi thc thanh tnh th tm nng nhau tng tc cho n tt cng i v lai. - Tm phm tng ng tr Diu qun st: Phn bit c hai: a. Bc sanh khng qun - Nh tha kin o v, tr qun sanh khng ny bt u c khi ln, t trin chuyn n v hc v mi c trn vn, rt ro; hoc n cui cng a v gii hnh ca B tt, tr ny mi khi; hoc n a th by, nu khi khng phi tm hu lu hoc khi nhp Dit tn nh v tm, th tr ny u khi c. b. Bc php khng qun - B tt khi a v kin o th tr qun php khng ny mi c khi, t v sau trin chuyn cho n khi ln mi a. Nu khi khng phi tm hu lu v khi khng ch c sanh khng tr qu, hoc l khi khng phi nhp Dit tn nh v tm, tr ny u khi ln c. - Tm phm tng ng tr Thnh s tc: C ngi cho rng B tt trong a v tu o, nh tr hu c tng ng thc th su dt dn, m tr Thnh s tc ny c bt u khi. C ngi cho rng khi thnh Pht, tr ny mi c khi, v khi trong mi a, nhn, nh v.v... nng thc D thc bin hin, khng phi l v lu. Gi s cho rng do nm cn bt cng y hu lu, ng duyn mt cnh pht ra nm thc v lu, theo l khng th tng ng, v thc v lu th cnh th sng, m cn hu lu th cnh th ti, khc nhau. Do , tr phm ny phi n khi thnh Pht, nng ni nm cn (nhn, nh, cn v.v...) v lu, mi pht khi c, nhng thng gin on, phi ch c tc (dng ) mi khi ln. Bn th tr ny tnh tuy vn c nhng phi hun tp mi pht hin. Trong nhn v th tng dn dn, n Pht qu mi vin mn, khng cn tng gim, tt cng i v lai, v by gi ch chng t pht sanh, ch khng hun tp thnh chng t na, v khng th c vic c tnh ca Pht trc vin mn hn Pht sau.

- V tm phm tng ng tr i vin cnh, c ngi cho rng n ch duyn chn nh lm cnh, y l tr khng phn bit, chng phi tr hu c, nn hnh tng v s duyn ca n khng th bit c. C ngi cho rng tr ny duyn tt c php. Lun Trang Nghim ni: "Tr i vin cnh, i vi ht thy cnh khng ngu, khng m". Kinh Pht a ni: "Trong tr i vin cnh ca Nh Lai hin cc nh tng cn, trn, thc". Li tr ny nht nh duyn chng t v lu v cc nh tng thn, , nhng v hnh tng v s duyn ca n vi t, nn ni l khng th bit. Ging nh thc A li da, n cng duyn tc . Nn bit trc duyn chn nh l tr cn bn v phn bit, sau duyn cc cnh khc l tr hu c. Hai tr ny th l mt m ty tc dng chia ra lm hai, v r c tc l do chng chn nh, cho nn ni l hu c, (c sau). Ba tr tip theo cng nh vy, th ch mt m dng chia lm hai. Chun theo y nn hiu. - V tm phm tng ng tr Bnh ng tnh, c ngi cho rng tr ny ch duyn tnh thc th tm, ging nh thc th by nhim duyn Tng thc. C ngi cho rng tr ny ch duyn chn nh lm cnh, v n duyn tnh bnh ng ca tt c php. C ngi cho rng, n khp duyn c chn v tc, v kinh Pht a ni: "Tr Bnh ng tnh chng c mi th tnh bnh ng", v Lun Trang Nghim ni: "Duyn cc hu tnh t tha bnh ng. Ty theo ch thng gii ca hu tnh m th hin v bin nh tng Pht". Do , tr phm bnh ng tnh duyn c chn v tc, nhip v hai tr, i vi l khng tri. - Tm phm tng ng tr Diu qun st - Tc l duyn t tng, cng tng ca ht thy cc php u khng ngn ngi, v nhip v hai tr. - V tm phm tng ng tr Thnh s tc, c ngi cho rng n ch duyn nm th hin cnh, v Lun Trang Nghim ni: "Nm cn ca Nh Lai, mi mi u i nm cnh m sanh khi". C ngi cho rng tr phm ny cng khp duyn cc php trong ba i, khng tri chnh l, v kinh Phy a ni: "Tr Thnh s tc khi lm cc vic bin ha ni ba nghip, quyt trch tm hnh sai khc ca hu tnh, lnh th cc php qu kh, hin ti". Nu tr ny khng khp duyn, th khng th c c cc vic nh vy. Nhng tr phm ny, ty theo a thch m duyn mt php hoc duyn hai hay duyn nhiu php. Trong lun Trang Nghim ch ni qua l nm cn ca Nh Lai duyn ni nm cnh, ch khng phi ni "ch" duyn nm cnh, cho nn khng tri nhau. Tr ny ty theo tc m khi, ch duyn cnh s tng, khi ln s nghip ha tha, cho nn n ch nhip v tr hu c. - Bn tm phm ny tuy u duyn khp tt c php, nhng cng dng c khc. Tr vin cnh th hin tng thn v tnh t th dng, duy tr chng t v lu. Tr bnh

ng th hin tng thn v tnh tha th dng. Tr Thnh s th hin tng thn v bin ha. Tr Diu qun st th qun st cng nng v li lm ca t v tha, ma trn ma i php, ph cc li nghi, li lc hu tnh. - Bn tr c cc phm tnh nh th, sai bit nhiu th. - Bn tm phm ny gi l "c do pht sanh" (s sanh c). S sanh c ny, chung gi l B , cng vi s hin c (c do hin by) l Nit bn trc , c hai gi chung l s chuyn c (c do chuyn i). Tuy ngha ch "chuyn y" gm c bn th l nng chuyn o, s chuyn y, s chuyn x, s chuyn c, nhng bi tng ct ly ngha "s hin c v s sanh c" trong "s chuyn c" ny t li tng "chng c chuyn y". Tu tp v ny ch ni l nng chng c, ch khng ni l chng c, v n cn thuc v nhn v tu tp (cha phi qu v Pht).

---o0o--XXIV. CU CNH V
- Th nm, cu cnh v tng n nh th no? Tng rng: y, tc gii v lu, Chng ngh ngh, thin, thng. An lc, thn gii thot. i Mu ni php thn. Lun rng: Qu chuyn y ca a v tu tp thnh c trc , tc l tng trng ca cu cnh v ny. Ch "y" trong bi tng l ch hai qu chuyn y trc , n nhip vo gii cu cnh v lu. Cc lu vnh vin sch ht, v lu theo tng ln, tnh trong sch trn sng, cho nn gi "v lu". Ch "gii" ngha l "kho tng", v trong dung cha v bin i cng c hy hu. Hoc "gii" ngha l "nhn" v c th sanh ra s li lc cho c nm tha th v xut th gian. Hi: - Php gii thanh tnh c th ch nhip v v lu, cn bn tr tm phm ti sao ch l v lu? p: - V n nhip v o , nn ch l v lu. Ngha l cng c v thn, ca Pht u t chng t v lu pht sanh, v chng t php hu lu vnh vin dt b, tuy

c th hin lm thn sanh t v cc nghip phin no, t nh l Kh , Tp , song k tht thuc v v lu o . Hi: - Tp Lun ni: "Mi lm gii ch hu lu", c Nh Lai h khng c mi lm gii l nm cn, nm thc, nm trn hay sao? p: - C ngi cho rng cng c v thn, ca Nh Lai su xa vi diu, chng phi c chng phi khng, la cc phn bit, dt ht h lun, khng nhip vo cc php mn gii, x, nn khng tri vi Tp Lun ni. C ngi cho rng nm cn, nm cnh ca c Nh lai t diu nh Th Lng Nghim pht sanh, ch nhip v php gii sc (ch khng phi sc trn); cn nm thc ca chn gii hu tnh khng phi Pht, tuy da ni php gii sc ca Pht m bin ra tng phn duyn, nhng tng phn th th, m php gii sc th t khc nhau, cho nn php gii khng nhip vo nm trn , m nm thc ca Nh Lai cng khng thuc nm thc gii, v Kinh ni: "Tm Pht thng trong nh, v lun ni nm thc tnh tn lon". Hi: - Nm thc Nh Lai khng phi l nm thc gii, th th tr Thnh s tc tng ng vi thc thanh tnh no? p: - Tng ng vi tnh thc th su, do n qun cn c m khi tc dng bin ha thnh ba loi phn thn. Hi: - cng tnh thc th su tng ng, vy tnh n vi tnh ca tr Diu qun st c g khc nhau? p: - Tr Diu qun st l qun t tng, cng tng ca cc Php; cn Thnh s tc tr ny ch khi ln tc dng bin ha, cho nn c sai khc. Hi: - Nu vy th hai th ny khng th ng sanh, v mt loi thc m hai tr khng th cng khi? p: - Chp nhn khng ng khi, i vi l khng tri; hoc th ng, m dng khc, nn ng khi cng khng li. Li, tr Thnh s tc hoc cng vi tnh thc th by tng ng, v nng nm cn, duyn nm cnh l tc dng sai khc ca tr Bnh ng tnh. Ngha l tnh thc th by khi ln cc tng thn v tha th dng, l thuc Bnh ng tnh tr; cn khi ra thn v bin ha l thuc v tr Thnh s. Hi: - ( ni nng nm cn, duyn nm trn, th) h khng phi l tr Thnh s tc nhip thuc nm thc cng c ch?

p: - Khng phi v chuyn nm thc c tr Thnh s c, m th ca tr Thnh s tc tc l nm thc, ging nh chuyn sanh t c Nit bn, nhng khng th cho Nit bn ng vi sanh t. Cho nn khng nn ct nn chuyn . - C ngi cho rng cng c, thn, ca Nh lai, nh ch thch ng m nhip vo nm un, mi hai x, mi tm gii, v un x, gii u thng c hu lu, v lu. Nhng Tp Lun ni: "Mi lm gii (nm cn, nm thc, nm trn) ch l hu lu", l ch da ni cnh Nh tha th thin m ni, ch khng phi ni tt c. Ngha l nu chn gii hu tnh kia, thnh tu c mi tm gii, th ba gii sau l cn, thc, php trn thng v v lu; cn nu Pht thnh tu mi tm gii, th c mi tm gii u v lu, nhng y khng phi l cnh gii m Nh tha bit c. Hoc c ch khc ni cng c ca Pht khng nhip vo x, gii, l ch v cng c khng ng vi tng x, gii m Nh tha lit tr bit c. L phi nh vy. V sao? V Kinh ni: "Tt c php hu vi u thuc vo nm un", li ni: "Tt c php hu lu, v lu u thuc vo mi tm gii, mi hai x". nu c un th su, x th mi ba, gii th mi chn l iu khng th c, c Pht ngn chn. Li nu v dt ht cc h lun m Pht thn khng thuc vo gii x, th cng khng nn ni: "y tc l gii v lu, thin, thng, an lc, thn gii thot". Li ni ni u ni chuyn nm un v thng, c nm un thng tr; chuyn mi tm gii, mi hai x cng th, ch u phi ni hn Nh Lai khng nhip vo un, x, gii. Cho nn phm ni Nh Lai khng thuc un, x, gii, ch l "mt ni". Li Lun ni: "Nm thc tnh tn lon", l ni nm thc ca chn gii hu tnh kia, ch khng ni nm thc ca Pht. Cho nn trong thn Pht c c mi tm gii, nhng thun l v lu. - Hai qu chuyn y ny li "khng th ngh bn", vt khi ng suy t ngh lun, vi diu thm thm, t chng ng bn trong, khng phi ly chuyn th gian v d c. - Hai qu chuyn y ny li ch l "thin", v l tnh bch tnh, ng vi php gii thanh tnh, xa la sanh dit, cng cc an n, v tm phm bn tr diu dng v bin, cng cc thin xo. V hai qu ny u c tng thun chnh l, ch qun sanh, tri vi php bt thin, nn u ni l thin. Hi: - Lun ni trong mi hai x, th nm cn v hng, v, xc, trn thuc tnh v k, my x kia th thng c ba tnh thin, c, v k ch khng ch l v k ht. Nay bn tr ca Pht u ch l thin, vy h Pht khng c nm cn v k v ba trn v k hay sao? p: - Trong y c ba li gii thch, ni rng nh trc trong on ni v gii v lu, y ch nu li gii thch th ba l ht thy thn v ca Nh Lai u thuc v Dit , cho nn ch l thin. V tnh Dit , o ch l tnh thin nn ni Pht khng thuc Kh , Tp . Thc ca Pht bin ra cc tng hu lu, bt thin, v k, u l ni chng t v lu sanh, cho nn u thuc v v lu thin.

- Hai qu chuyn y ny li u l "thng", v khng c thi k cng tn, ng vi php gii thanh tnh, khng sanh, khng dit, tnh khng bin i, cho nn gi l thng. Tm phm bn tr nong ni php gii c thng, khng c thi k cng tn, cng ni l thng, ch bn tr khng phi l t tnh thng, v tm phm bn tr t nhn chng t sanh ra, sanh t phi dit, l iu chc chn (nht hng k) v khng thy sc tm no m khng phi v thng. Nhng tm phm bn tr cng chng phi v thng, v do sc bn nguyn v loi hu tnh c ha khng c thi k cng tn, tt i v lai, khng dt, khng ht. - Hai qu chuyn y ny li u "an lc". V khng bc no, ng vi php gii thanh tnh, tnh lng cc tng, cho nn gi l an lc, v v vnh vin xa la ci hi ca tr th (tc php chp, s tri chng) cho nn gi l an lc. T tnh hai qu chuyn y ny u khng bc hi, li c th lm cho chng hu tnh an lc. Hng Nh tha c hai qu chuyn y, ch vnh vin dt ht s rng buc ca phin no chng, ch khng c php th thng, cho nn ni Nh tha ch gi l thn gii thot. ng i Gic Th Tn thnh tu php tch mc v thng, cho nn gi l i Mu ni (tch mc). ng Mu ni c hai qu chuyn y, vnh vin xa la hai chng, nn cng gi l "Php thn". Php l c v lng, v bin i cng c, nh mi lc, bn v y v.v... lm trang nghim; thn c ngha thn th, l ni nng ta, l tch t, u gi l thn. Cho nn Php thn ny gm c 5 php l chn nh v bn tr lm bn tnh, ch khng phi ch ring mt ngha chn nh php gii n c m gi l php thn; v hai qu chuyn y u thuc v php thn. Php thn nh vy c ba tng sai khc. 1. T tnh thn - Tc l php gii chn tnh m Nh Lai chng c; n l ch nng bnh ng ca thn th dng v thn bin ha. La cc tng, rt vng lng, bt ht h lun, y cng c chn thng, khng c bin t, l tht tnh bnh ng ca ht thy php. Chnh t tnh cng gi l php thn trong ba thn, v n l ch nng (thn) ca php i cng c (php). 2. Th dng thn y c hai: a. T th dng thn - Tc l cc c Nh Lai tri ba v s kip tu tp v lng t lng phc c, tr tu, gip lm pht sanh bn tr B v v bin cng c chn tht, thnh tu sc thn rt vin mn, thanh tnh, thng hng bin khp, tng tc, lng l, cng tt i v lai, thng th dng php lc rng ln. b. Tha th dng thn - Tc l cc c Nh Lai do nng lc ca tr Bnh ng th hin cng c thanh tnh vi diu, ci thun tnh; v hng B tt mi a m cc c Nh Lai hin thn thng ln, ln xe Chnh php, dt b li nghi, khin h th dng php lc i tha. Hp hai th thn trn li gi chung l th dng thn.

3. Bin ha thn - Tc l cc c Nh lai, do nng lc ca tr Thnh s, bin hin ra v lng ha thn theo loi hu tnh, ci va tnh, va u; cc c Nh Lai v chng B tt cha ln mi a v hng Nh tha ci mt loi D sanh, xng theo c nghi ca h, m cc c Nh Lai hin thn thng ni Php, khin h u c cc vic li lc. - Ly nm php thu nhip ba thn - C thuyt cho rng, nht chn php gii v tr i vin cnh, nhip thuc t tnh thn, v Kinh ni: "Chn nh l Php thn". Lun ni: "Chuyn b thc A li da c thn t tnh", vy ng vi tr phm i vin cnh do chuyn Tng thc m chng c. Hai tr Bnh ng v Diu qun st th thuc th dng thn, v ni tr Bnh ng ci thun tnh; v hng B tt m cc c Nh Lai hin ra thn Pht, v ni tr Diu qun st, t ti gia hi chng ni php dt nghi, v ni do chuyn cc chuyn thc m c thn th dng. Cui cng l tr Thnh s tc, nhip thuc thn bin ha, v ni tr Thnh s m cc c Nh Lai hin ra v lng cc th bin ha kh ngh ngh ni mi phng quc . Li tr th thng nhip ba thn, cho nn ba thn u c tht tr. C thuyt cho rng nht chn php gii nhip thuc t tnh thn, v ni t tnh thn, bn tnh thng v v Php thn ca Pht khng sanh dit, v ni Php thn do chng m c, ch khng phi do sanh m c. Li ni Php thn, cc c Pht u c, bin khp tt c php, ging nh h khng, khng tng khng lm, chng phi sc tm. Nhng Lun ni: "Chuyn tng thc c t tnh thn", c ngha l do chuyn dit th trng hai chng trong thc th tm m hin l Php thn. Li trong tr th thng nhip c Php thn. Tc ni Php thn l ch da cho bn tr, l tht tnh ca bn tr. K tht t tnh Php thn tuy c v bin cng c chn tht, nhng l v vi, khng th ni l sc hay tm. Cng c chn tht ca bn tr v sc thn thng hng bin khp, nu do tr i vin cnh khi ln, th nhip vo T th dng thn; cn Pht thn t tr Bnh ng hin, th nhip v Tha th dng; cc thn tng t tr. Thnh s th hin theo cc loi, th nhip v Bin ha thn. Nn ni tr Vin cnh nhip vo T th dng thn, v chuyn cc chuyn thc m c thn Th dng. Tuy chuyn tng thc, cng c T th dng thn, nhng v ni chuyn tng thc hin l Php thn, nn lc bt m khng ni c T th dng thn. - Li ni Php thn khng sanh, khng dit, ch do chng ng m c, khng phi sc tm; nay tr Vin cnh tri vi Php thn, nu tr Vin cnh khng thuc T th dng thn th nhip vo thn no? Li T th dng thn nhip ht thy cng c hu vi chn tht ring ca Pht (khng chung vi Nh tha), cho nn bn tr phm tht c sc tm, u nhip v thn th dng.

Li thn Tha th dng v thn Bin ha, u v ha tha m phng tin th hin, cho nn khng th ni hai thn ny ly tht tr lm th. Tuy ni Ha thn cng l nhip vo tr th thng, nhng m tng t nh tr hin ra, hoc t tr pht khi, nn gi ni l tr, ch tht th khng phi tr. Ch ni tr Bnh ng v tr Thnh s tc l c th hin thn Tha th dng v Ha thn ba nghip, ch khng ni hai thn tcl hai tr. Cho nn hai tr ny cng l nhip vo T th dng thn. Song Bin ha thn v Tha th dng thn, tuy khng phi l Tm v Tm s thc, nhng m ha hin ra Tm v Tm s. Bi ng V thng Gic thn lc kh lng, cho nn c th ha hin ra php khng hnh cht (Tm, Tm s). Nu khng nh vy th lm sao c Nh Lai hin ra c tham, c sn (tc hin ra c Tm s, khng hnh cht?) Nh Lai dt ht tham, sn lu ri vy. Li lm sao hng Thanh vn v loi Bng sanh c th bit tm Nh Lai? V tht l tm ca Nh Lai th ng Gic B tt cn khng bit c. Do , kinh ni: "Nh Lai ha ra v lng loi thn u c tm". Li ni tr Thnh s tc ca Nh Lai ha lm ba nghip; li ni bin ha c tm y tha, ngha l nng ni tm tht ca ngi khng m hin ra tng phn duyn. Tuy c ch khc ni thn Bin ha khng c cn v tm, l cn c thn Bin ha ca Nh tha v Bng sanh m ni, ch khng phi ni thn Bin ha ca Nh Lai. Li sc cn cng Tm v Tm s ca cc ngi khc bin ha th khng c tc dng ca cn v tm, cho nn khng ni. Nh vy ba thn tuy u y v bin cng c, nhng mi thn c khc. Ngha l t tnh thn ch c cng c v vi chn tht. Thng, Lc, Ng, Tnh, la ht tp nhim, lm ch nng cho cc thin. Nhng n khng c tng dng sai khc ca sc tm. - T th dng thn th c v lng cc th cng c chn tht ca sc tm th diu. Nu Tha th dng thn v Bin ha thn th ch c v bin cng c ha tng ca sc thn tng t, vi tc dng li lc cho k khc. - Li t tnh thn chnh l thuc v t li, tch tnh an vui, khng c ng tc, cng km li tha, l lm duyn tng thng, khin cho loi hu tnh c li lc, li lm ch nng cho Th dng thn v Bin ha thn, cho nn thuc c hai li. T th dng thn ch l t li; Tha th dng thn v Bin ha thn th thuc li tha, v ngi khc m th hin. - Li T tnh thn, php tnh , tuy thn v ny mt th khng sai khc, nhng php tnh thuc ni Pht th gi l Php thn; thuc ni php th gi l php tnh hay php tnh , l php tnh theo tng thn, tng m c sai khc. Thn Pht v quc khng thuc v sc php. Tuy khng th ni hnh lng ln nh, nhng ty

theo s th dng m bin ha thn , s tng hnh lng v bin; v nh h khng cng khp ht mi ni. - T th dng thn, vn nng th dng . Ngha l tnh thc tng ng vi tr Vin cnh, do nhn duyn t xa v t li m tu hnh, thnh thc Pht thun tnh v lu, nn khi mi thnh Pht cho n tn i v lai tng tc bin thnh Pht thun tnh trn khp khng bin t, cc bu trang nghim, thn T th dng thng nng Pht . Nh lng ca Tnh , thn lng cng th, v hn thin cn dn sanh cc tng tt mi mi v bin. Cng c tr tu khng phi sc php, khng th ni hnh lng n ln nh, nhng nng chn nh chng v t tnh Php thn cng c th ni l bin khp tt c. - Thn Tha th dng, cng nng ni tha th dng . Ngha l sc i t bi Bnh ng tnh tr, do nhn duyn v li tha m t xa tu tp thnh thc Pht v lu thun tnh, nn ty c nghi ca B tt tr mi a m bin lm Tnh , hoc nh, hoc ln, hoc km, hoc hn, hoc trc sau chuyn i; thn Tha th dng nng tnh . Thn lng cng khng c hn lng nht nh. - Nu thn Bin ha th bin ha . Ngha l sc i t bi thnh s tr, do nhn duyn v li tha m t xa tu hnh thnh thc Pht v lu thun tnh, nn ty c nghi ca loi hu tnh cha ln mi a, ha lm Pht , hoc tnh, hoc u, hoc nh, hoc ln, trc sau chuyn i; thn Pht bin ha nng m . Thn lng nng cng khng c hn lng nht nh. T tnh thn, t tnh , ng l ch chng ca ht thy Nh Lai, th khng sai khc. T th dng thn, t th dng , tuy tt c Pht u bin hin khng ging nhau, nhng u l v bin v khng chng ngi nhau. Tha th dng thn, tha th dng v bin ha thn , th ty cc loi hu tnh bin ha ca cc c Nh Lai ha c chung v khng chung. Nu loi hu tnh c ha l chung, ng ch, ng thi th cc c Pht u bin lm thn lm , c tng trng tng t, khng chng ngi nhau, trin chuyn xen nhau lm tng thng duyn, khin cc hu tnh c ha , t trn thc h bin ra Pht ha thn, Pht ha , m chng sanh kia ch cho rng ni mt Pht ch c mt Pht thn hin thn thng thuyt php lm li ch (m khng bit l do nhiu Pht chung bin ra), tc l i vi hu tnh c ha khng chung (th d chng c gi l thy mi phng Pht) m k tht ch do mt Pht bin hin. Bi cc hu tnh t v th li, chng t tnh tnh ca chng, vn c s h thuc ln nhau, nn hoc nhiu hu tnh m ch mt Pht ha , hoc mt hu tnh m nhiu Pht ha . Th nn chng sanh c ha c chung v khng chung. Nu khng nh vy, thi nhiu Pht tr lu ti th gian, u lm cc vic mt nhc, tht l v ch, v mt Pht cng c th lm li ch cho tt c chng sanh. - Ba thn bn ny, hoc tnh, hoc u, nu l t trn thc v lu ca Pht bin hin, th thn y u l thin v lu ng thi vi thc nng bin. V n do nhn duyn thun thin v lu pht sanh nn thuc v o , ch khng phi Kh, Tp . Cn nu l tng un, x, gii trn thc chng sanh da theo Pht ny m bin ra, th

khng hn u ng thin v lu v tng un, x, gii do nhn duyn ba nghip l cn, thc, php trn tp nhim ca chng sanh dn sanh ra. Ba thn bn ny hoc tnh, hoc u, nu l t trn thc hu lu ca chn gii hu tnh (mi gii, tr Pht gii) m bin hin, th n l hu lu ng vi thc nng bin; v n thun t nhn duyn hu lu m pht sanh, n thuc Kh, Tp ch khng phi Dit, o . Thc nng bin tuy ch l v k, nhng tng thin, c, v k bin ra trn thc khng hn u ng v k, v n do nhn duyn ca chng t bi tnh ln ln bin ra. Tng un, x, gii ca Pht bin ra trn thc chng sanh, c ng tnh, c khc tnh, chun theo y m bit. Nu khng nh vy, thi thn ha Pht khng c nm un, mi hai x v.v... Nhng Tng phn, Kin phn u nng thc bin hin, chng phi l thc y tha nh thc tnh. Nu khng vy th l Duy thc khng thnh, v cho rng cnh trong thc thc c. Hoc ni kin phn, tng phn trong thc, u l duyn sanh, u l y tha khi, h v thc ging nh thc. Ni ch "Duy" l ch khin tr ng php chp bn ngoi, ch khng phi ngn cnh tng phn trong thc. Nu khng nh vy, cn bn tr duyn chn nh, chn nh cng khng tht hay sao? Hi: - Ni cnh tng v thc, ni l khng phi h gi, vy ti sao ch ni l "Duy thc" m khng ni "duy cnh"? p: - Thc ch c bn trong; cnh th thng lun c trong ngoi u c. V s xen lm vi tng bin k chp bn ngoi cho nn ni l "Duy thc". Li hoc v k ngu m chp ni cnh m khi nghip phin no, chu sanh t trm lun, khng bit t qun tm, sing cu ra khi, v thng hng ngi m cc c Nh Lai ni Duy thc, khin h t qun tm mnh, gii thot sanh t, ch khng phi bo cnh bn trong thc cng hon ton khng tht c nh cnh bn ngoi. Hoc Tng phn, Kin phn u ly thc lm th tnh, do sc hun tp m tng t sanh ra nhiu phn. Chn nh cng l tht tnh ca thc, cho nn tr ngoi thc tnh, khng c php g khc. Trong Lun y ni "Thc" l cng bao gm Tm s, v Tm v Tm s nht nh tng ng nhau. Lun ny c ba phn (l tn, nhn, d. Hoc lc tiu thc tng, qung minh thc tng, v tu hnh v. Hoc cnh - hai mi lm tng u; Hnh - bn tng tip; Qu mt tng cui. Hoc thc tng, thc tnh, thc v), thnh lp Duy thc, cho nn ni

l "Thnh Duy Thc Lun". Cng ni Lun ny tn l "Tnh Duy thc", v hin by l Duy thc ht sc trong sng. Bn lun ny gi l Duy thc ba mi. 30 bi tng, hin by l Duy thc c vin mn, khng thm, khng bt. nng Thnh gio v chnh l, Phn bit ngha tnh tng Duy thc, c bao cng c th qun sanh, ng nguynmau ln V Thng Gic.

(Dch xong chiu tc 22/5 t Hi - Thin Siu)

19/6/1995

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CH THCH
(1). Cc v Lun s c thng l mi khi to Lun, m u u c li quy knh Tam Bo. y cng vy, khi cc Lun s Thng Thn, Ha Bin v.v... nh to lun gii thch 30 bi tng Duy thc ca B tt Th Thn, cng m u bng bi tng bn cu ny t lng quy knh Tam Bo. Duy thc tnh tc l tnh Vin thnh tht, l tnh Chn nh. Nh trong bi tng ny c cu tng: "y thng ngha cc php, cng chnh l chn nh, v thng nh tnh n, tc thc tnh Duy thc". Duy thc tnh l chn nh tht tnh ca cc php, l ch nng ca m ng, l ch chng ng ca bc Thnh. Knh l Duy thc tnh l knh l Php bo. Chng Duy thc tnh trn vn l chuyn tm thc thnh bn tr, chng c chuyn y; chuyn b phn tp nhim y ni bn thc v chuyn c phn thanh tnh y ni bn thc, gii thot khi phn on sanh t v bin dch sanh t. chng trn vn Duy thc tnh, l c Pht, Pht bo. Cn mi chuyn c thc th su thnh Diu quan st tr, chuyn thc th by thnh Bnh ng tnh tr, mi dt ht mi trng chng, chng mi chn nh, ch mi chng tng phn Duy thc tnh, l cc v B tt Thnh Tng, Tng bo. (2) on ny nu ba l do to lun:

a. Ch cho chng sanh thy tnh chp ng, chp php l mt li chp sai lm in o, chnh v chp ng m pht sanh tm tham, sn, si thnh phin no chng, lm chng ngi khng chng Nit bn gii thot. Chnh v chp php thnh s tri chng, lm chng ngi khng thy c chn l, khng chng c i B . Nu r l ng khng, php khng th s ph b chp ng, chp php, dt ht chng phin no v s tri, chng c Nit bn v B gii thot an lc (y l ca Lun s An Hu). b. V khng hiu ng l Duy thc nn mi chp ng, chp php. Nu hiu l Duy thc, th bnh chp ng, chp php tiu tan v khng cn b rng buc trong vng sanh t (y l ca Ha Bin). c. Tr bn li chp sai lm ch v khng hiu ng l Duy thc. l hoc nh phi Hu b da theo kinh A hm Pht ni v mi hai x v.v... ri chp mi hai x trong gm c tm, v cnh u tht c nh nhau. u bit rng Pht ni mi hai x l ct ch by l v ng, ch khng phi ni mi hai x l tht c. Nu r l Duy thc th s r su trn u l tng phn do thc bin; nm cn ch l cng nng chng t ca sc nng ni bn thc m c. Hoc nh phi Thanh Bin da theo i tha gio ni ht thy u khng tnh, ri bc lun ht thy sc tm u hon ton khng c. Chn khng m tc cng khng. Nu r l Duy thc l Y tha khi tnh, duyn khi kin phn, tng phn l c ch khng phi nh ng chp php chp bin k h vng trng rng. Hoc nh mt hng quyn tha B tt da theo i tha gio ni: "Tm sanh ht thy php" ri chp tm ch c mt m tc dng ra nhiu th khc nhau; u bit rng i tha gio ni nht tm, chn nh, Nh Lai tng l ch r ht thy php l th khng hai, ch khng phi ni tm thc khng c chng t, hnh tng, s duyn ring. ng v Chn th th tnh khng hai, m ng v Tc th tng dng c khc. Nn i vi cc thc, kinh Lng gi ni: "Tm, v thc, tc nn tng c sai bit, chn nn tng khng sai bit, v tng s tng u khng". trong Chn khng c tng nng, tng s nn khng th ni mt ni khc, chp mt chp khc u sai, nhng trong tc duyn sanh m chp khng mt khng khc cng khng ng. Nu r l Duy thc th li chp ny khng cn. Hoc nh phi Kinh B da li trong kinh ni: "Nhim tnh do tm", ri chp Tm s ch l thuc tnh ca thc ch khng c th dng ring. u bit kinh ni nhim tnh do tm, m khng ni Tm s. V tm l ch, l u thng; cn tm s l ti t, l lit h. Nu r l Duy thc th s r Tm v Tm s u c v tr ring (y l ca H Php). (3). on ny l on ch yu nht, tm thu ht ngha l ca b lun, nhng on tip theo l nhng gii thch rng cho on ny. M u nh vit lun t t cu hi tin gii p lm sng t o l Duy thc. Hi: Nu ch c th, ngoi ra khng c chi ht, th ti sao ngi th gian v ngay c trong Pht gio u ni c ng c php? S s vt vt v lng v bin, nhng ch mt ch php cng thu trn ht. Php l "Nhm tr t tnh, qu sanh vt gii". Bt c nhng g hu hnh v hnh, hu vi v vi, hu tnh, v tnh, vt cht hay nim, thi gian khng gian, chn l hay quy lut, bn

th, hin tng, gi hay tht v.v... h t gi c tnh ring, lm i tng cho s nhn thc bit n l n, u gi l php. Nhng y ch "Php" phn chia lm hai loi, mt l loi hu tnh, hai l loi v tnh. Ni hu tnh thy c mt c tnh bn ng, l ng chp; ni v tnh thy c c tnh tht th, l php chp, vy ni ng v php l gom ht mi s vt. Theo l Duy thc, th ngoi thc khng c tn ti, hin hu, th sao ngi th gian v Pht gio vn ni ng v php. Vy ng v php khng phi hin hu ngoi thc sao? Tng p: Do gi ni ng, php v.v... Tng p y l li ngi Th Thn. M u ca ba mi bi tng, m o l ch yu ca Duy thc nm c trong su cu tng m u ny. Lun ch khng ph nhn vic ngi th gian v Pht gio ni ng, ni php, nhng ng v php ch l gi ni m thi. Gi ni l ch c trn danh ngn ch khng c trn thc t. Nu da theo danh ngn ni ng php i tm cho ra thc th ca ng php u, th khng khc g nghe ni lng ra ri i tm lng ra th tht l sai lm qu l. Khng c tht m vn ni v n, nn gi l gi ni. Gi ni ng php ng ngha vi gi ni mun s mun vt. Ng v php ca th gian ni hon ton do vng tng ba t ta ch khng da vo mt tht th no c; l v th ty tnh gi. Ng v php ca Pht gio ni l da ni sc tm y tha khi m gng t ra. Cc bc Thnh chng ng cc php u l y tha khi, l duyn sanh. Nh nm un, mi hai x, mi tm gii v.v... khng c g chun ch l ng, l ng php c, nhng Pht gng ni l ng, l php tin vic ha chng sanh. Cho nn cng gi l gi ni; l hu th thi thit gi. Cc tng ng theo Pht gio ni, nh dt ht kin hoc gi l qu D lu; dt ht su phm t hoc ci Dc, gi l qu Nht lai v.v... cho n dt ht hai chng phin no v s tri, gi l qu A la hn, Bch chi, Nh lai v.v... Cc tng php ca Pht gio ni, nh nm un, mi hai x, mi tm gii, bn , mi hai nhn duyn, su v.v... cc tng ng php y u nng vo s chuyn bin ca thc m gi thi thit. Thc l tnh liu bit nhn thc, c tm thc Tm vng v cc Tm s u c tnh liu bit nhn thc. Liu bit nh th no? Bn th ca thc l liu bit, t bn th y khi chuyn bin th hin ra hai phn, mt phn c kh nng phn bit nhn bit, gi l Kin phn, mt phn kia khng c kh nng phn bit, ch lm i tng cho kin phn gi l Tng phn. Ni cch khc l phn bit v phn b bit. Hai phn ny lun lun cng sanh cng dit, c phn ny th c phn kia, phn ny khng th phn kia khng. T hai phn khng c chi l ng l php, nhng hng phm phu m mui c da vo phn

bit chp cho l ng, da vo phn b bit chp cho l php. y l mt li thi thit gi to, ch nu la ngoi hai phn bit v b bit kia th chng c chi gi l ng, php. Nh vy, ng, ng php da vo hai phn kin tng ca ni thc m gi lp, nn ng php ch c theo ngha th tc, tc l gi di, b Thnh o i tr. Cn ni thc l duyn sanh va c theo ngha th tc, li va c theo ngha thng nghi. nh Pht dy dy tnh duyn khi ca cc php l thng tr, khng phi c Pht ra i th c, khng c Pht ra i th khng. (4). on ny nu cc li chp ng ph. Trong c im cn lu : Ng th c chp n c l cnh s duyn cho ng kin khng? Nu n khng l cnh s duyn cho ng kin th n ch l mt th g v tung v tch, lm sao bit l tht ng? Nu n l c tht, c tung tch, lm s duyn cho cho ng kin, vy th ngi no thy c ng l ngi thy ng, thy ng th c gii thot Nit bn; cn ngi no thy v ng l thy sai, thy sai l b trm lun sanh t, c khng? u c th nh vy! Li ng kin khng duyn c tht ng, v n c s duyn ring, nh tm duyn cc php khc. Tm duyn cc php khc nh duyn sc, duyn ting v.v... cng ch duyn ci tng phn c bin ra trn thc ch khng duyn c th sc, th ting no ngoi thc, vy ng kin c duyn ng th cng ch duyn tng gi ng bin ra trn thc, ch khng phi duyn ci tht ng no ngoi thc c. Li cnh s duyn ca ng kin nht nh khng phi l tht ng; v nu cnh s duyn ca ng kin l tht ng, th tht ng y ha thnh cnh s duyn. Tht ng ha thnh cnh s duyn, th n tr thnh i tng v tri, v gic nh cc php khc u l s duyn ca thc, ch khng phi l tht ng na; v tht ng th phi l ch t, ch th, ch khng phi khch th v tri. (5). on ny phn bit tng chp ng. Tm tt c hai th ng chp: a. Ng chp cu sanh l th ng chp c chng t mm mng sn trong tng thc, cng vi thn sanh ra mt ln. Ngha l c thn l c n, khng i phi nghe t gio, tc phn bit mi c, nn gi cu sanh. Th cu sanh ny c hai: - Mt l thng tng tc, do thc th by duyn kin phn thc th tm, chp cho l ng. y l ngun gc m lm, l cn bn v minh, rt su kn bn chc, tng tc thng hng, phi thng qun l sanh khng v ng tht su mi dt c n m chng qu A la hn. V thc Mt na th by v Tng thc th tm l hai thc khng gin on cho d khi thc khi ng, khi cht khi sng, n vn lin tc c mt, nu cha ng l v ng mt cch thu o. - Hai l c gin on, do thc th su duyn nm un bn ngoi m chp cho l ng, ri hun tp thnh chng t trong Tng thc, khi c thn th c n. Nhng nm un l v thng, thc th su l thc bin chuyn, nn tng ng do n chp cng c gin on. Tuy vy, n bm r t lu, nn cng phi ng l v ng thu o mi dt c.

b. Ng chp phn bit, y l th chp ng ca thc, n khng cng sanh vi thn mt ln, m phi i c nghe t gio, c tc phn bit mi chp. Nu khng c ngoi duyn t gio, khng tc phn bit th khng chp. Th ny cng c hai: - Mt l nghe t gio ni nm un hp li l ng, hay bn i hp li l ng, ri chp ng theo. - Hai l nghe t gio ni c mt tiu ng, mt linh hn tn ti ngoi xc thn, ri chp ng theo. C hai th ng chp phn bit ny th thin d on tr; h bit qun l sanh khng (ng khng, nhn v ng) lc c thy o, th n b dt ngay. Thc th by duyn hin hnh kin phn thc th tm m chp ng l mt sai lm, v kin phn l kin phn ch kin phn khng phi ng. Thc th su duyn nm un m chp ng cng l mt sai lm, v nm un l v thng, nm un l khng tht, nh Kinh A hm dy: " Qun sc nh t mc, th nh thy thng bo, tng nh dng thi dim, ch hnh nh ba tiu, ch thc php nh huyn" (qun sc un nh bt nc, th un nh bong bng nc, tng un nh sng nng, hnh un nh cy chui, {lt ti cng khng c li}, qun thc un nh tr huyn). (6). on ny gii p ba nn vn. Lu nay tin tng ng l ch t, vnh hng, l kh nng c bn va mi s nh, bit, tng, tp v.v... nay nu ni ch c thc khng c ng, th nhng vic nh, bit, tng, tp v.v... lm sao c c. Tm tt trong ba nghi vn:- Cu hi th nht lin quan n ba i: * Nu khng c ng th lm sao nh li vic qu kh, bit vic hin ti, tng tp vic tng lai? Vy phi c mt tht ng thng nht xuyn sut ba i mi c c cc vic y? p: - Khng ng. Nu tht c mt ng th thng nht trc sau khng thay i, khng thm bt, lc no cng ging nh lc no, th lm sao c cc vic nh, bit, tng tp; v nh c khi khng nh, bit c khi khng bit, tng tp c khi khng tng tp. Hoc lc no cng nh, bit, tng, tp, hoc khng lc no c nh, bit, tng, tp. Nu cho rng ng th thng nht, ch ng dng v thng bin dch, nn c c cc vic nh, bit, tng, tp th cng khng ng; v dng khng la th, th th no th dng th y, ch sao dng li khc th c? - Cu hi th hai lin quan n vic to nghip th qu bo: * Nu khng c ng th ai to nghip, ai chu qu bo? p: - Nu chp c tht ng thng nht khng bin i nh h khng, th lm sao to nghip, chu qu bo? - Cu hi th ba lin quan n vic lun hi v Nit bn.

* Nu khng c tht ng th ai lun hi, ci g Nit bn? p: - Nu chp c mt tht ng thng nht khng sanh dit nh h khng th cng khng c vic sanh t lun hi. V khng lun hi th s khng c Nit bn; v c lun hi chm dt lun hi m nhp Nit bn, nu khng lun hi th chm dt ci chi nhp Nit bn. Nhng cc loi hu tnh mi mi u c thc tm, tuy v thng nhng trc sau mt loi tng tc, c kh nng hun tp cc vic nh, bit, tng, tp, v to nghip m c th qu sanh t, Nit bn. Nh kinh i Nit bn dy: "S T Hng B tt bch Pht: "Bch Th Tn, chng sanh nm un l khng, khng c g hin hu, th th ai lnh th gio php, tu tp o hnh?" - Pht bo: "Thin nam t, ht thy chng sanh u c nim tm, tu tm, pht tm, tinh tn tm, nh tm v.v... nhng php nh vy, tuy nim nim sanh dit, nhng trc sau tng t nhau, tng tc khng dt, cho nn c vic th gio tu o. V nh ngn n, tuy nim nim sanh dit, nhng c nh sng ph tr bng ti. Li v nh chng sanh n, thc n thay i tng st na m cng lm cho k i c no. Cng v nh thuc tr bnh, tuy n nim nim thay i cng tr lnh c bnh. Hoc nh nh sng mt tri mt trng, tuy nim nim sanh dit cng lm cho cy c tng trng. Tm chng sanh cng vy, tuy nim nim sanh dit nhng khng dt, nn c th lm tng trng cc vic nh, bit, tng, tp v.v... (7). on ny nu cc li chp ca ngoi o ph. Trc ht ph phi S lun chp 25 . S lun l mt phi trit hc c n ra i trc thi Pht. S hay Tng kh l dch m ch Phn "Samkya", do Kapila (Ca T la) xng xut. Nguyn do ng tu Thin nh c kh nng bit c vic tm vn kip v trc, trc m mt khng bit c. ng cho l Minh s (cng gi l Minh , Minh tnh, T tnh thng tnh). T Minh s sanh gic i (hiu bit), gic i sanh ng tm (ng mn), ng tm sanh ng duy (ng duy l sc, thanh, hng, v, xc), ng duy sanh ng i (a, th, ha, phong, khng), ng i sanh ng tri cn (nhn, nh, t, thit, thn), ng tri cn sanh ng tc nghip (ming, tay, chn, ng i, ng tiu), ng tc nghip sanh tm bnh ng ( cn), cui cng l thn ng; cng l 25 (phm tr), cn nguyn ca mun php. Vn tnh ca thn ng l "T" n suy ngh ti cnh tt p th dng; ba c ca trong minh tnh l Tt o, Lt x, p ma lin hp li to thnh 23 25 tr minh tnh v thn ng, cn 23). Khi thn ng th dng cnh th b rng buc m khng gii thot c. Nu thn ng chm dt "T", ngha l khng suy ngh to dng cnh na th c gii thot. Theo S lun, minh tnh l thng, ba c l chuyn bin thnh 23 kia, 23 kia do ba c hp thnh, n l v thng. D thng hay v thng, cng u l php tht c c. Lun ch da theo li chp ca h nh vy ph bc, ch cho h bit 25 l khng tht, ch do vng tnh chp by m thi.

(8). an ny ph cc li chp tht ca phi Thng lun. - Thng lun hay V th s ca, l dch t ch Phn (Vaisesika), ra i khong th k th nht, th hai Ty lch, do u lu kh (Uluka, Kanada) xng xut. Hc thuyt ny c chp thnh kinh V th s ca (Vaisesika) theo hc thuyt ny vn vt khng phi l khi nim tru tng, m l c tht th; c quy kt trong su c ngha (su phm tr) cn bn, l Tht, c, Nghip, i hu, ng d, Ha hp. a. Tht l tht th ca cc php, lm ch da cho c v Nghip (Th). b. c l c tng (tng). c. Nghip l tc dng (Dng). d. i hu tnh l tnh c duy nht. e. ng d tnh l tnh ng v khc gia s vt, t i vi t l ng, t i vi nc l d, l khc. g. Ha hip tnh l tnh ha hp lm s vt tr li. Tht c ngha gm c 9 th l t, nc, la, gi, thi gian, phng hng, ng, . c c ngha c 24 th l sc, hng, v, xc, s, lng, tnh nng, tnh hp, tnh la, tnh kia, tnh y, gic, vui, kh, mun, sn, cn dng, trng tnh, dch tnh, nhun tnh, hnh, php, phi php, m thanh. Nghip c ngha c 5 l ly, b, co, dui, hnh ng. - i hu c l duy nht. - ng d tnh c ngha ch mt. - Ha hip tnh c ngha ch mt. Tt c u l th dng ca ng. Khi cha gii thot th b rng buc theo su c ngha , khi gii thot ri th khng cn n na. Theo Thng lun, su c ngha l ngun gc, l quy lut ca mi s sanh thnh bin ha. Lun ch: Trc ht nu tnh cch thng, v thng, c cht ngi, khng cht ngi trong cc c ngha ph chung. Tip theo ph tht c ngha, c nghip c ngha, i hu tnh, ng d tnh, ha hip tnh, chng u l h di, do vng tnh phn bit bin ra trn t thc duyn, ch hon ton khng phi hin hu ngoi thc, cho nn chng

khng phi do hin lng nhn bit, m ch do phi lng nhn thc sai khc m ba t ra. (9). on ny cn tip ph v ph chp. C ngi chp i T Ti thin l tht c v l ngun gc sanh ra vn vt. Hoc chp v Phm Thin, thi gian, phng hng, bn t, t nhin, h khng, ng v.v... l tht c v l ngun g sanh ra vn vt. Hoc phi Thanh Minh lun chp m thanh l tht c thng hng, lm nh lng din t mi s. Hoc chp cc vi (nh thuyt Nguyn t ngy nay) l vt th ti hu thng cn bt bin, lm c bn cho vn vt. Tt c cc li chp php trn u b Lun ch nu ra ph v ch cho thy cc li chp y u phi l khng ng vng. (10). on ny tip ph v php chp ca ngoi o. Tt c li php chp trn chung li trong bn li chp: Mt l chp cc php b to sanh vi tnh to sanh (Minh ) l mt nh S lun. Hai l chp cc php b to sanh vi tnh to sanh (i hu tnh) khc, nh Thng lun. Ba l chp cc php b to sanh vi tnh to sanh cng mt cng khc nh V tm ngoi o. Bn l chp cc php b to sanh vi tnh to sanh chng phi mt chng phi khc nh T mng ngoi o. Lun ch ch r bn li chp ny u phi l. Nhng ngi c tr ch nhn lm theo bn li chp chy li quanh co . Khi cn mang nng vng tnh chp trc cho mi php u l tht c thng nht, th ni mt cch khc, ni cng mt cng khc, ni chng mt chng khc, ni ph nh, ni khng nh, u khng ng c, ch khng phi nh Pht php ni. Pht php mi khi ni v chn thng ni l chng phi tc (chng phi mt) chng phi la (chng phi khc) cc php hin tng v php tnh chng mt chng khc, u l nhng li ni Gi (ph nh). Bi ng c vn php u l duyn sanh v t tnh, nh huyn, khng tht c, th d c ni n mt, khc, on, thng, c, khng, u khng ng c (s c). v s c m ni khng nh th khng ng, m ni ph nh cng khng ng. Nhng ni khng nh d b hiu lm, ni ph nh ch thy cc php duyn sanh v tnh, ph b vng chp th tt hn, nn Pht php thng dng li ni ph nh (gi thuyn) bng cc ch l phi, bt, v, ch nu tm gic ng, khng chp trc th ni th ni phi u khng c li. Nh ni cc php vi tnh l mt, nh sng tc l nc, hoc ni cc php vi php tnh l khc, nh sng khng phi nc, hoc ni cc php tnh cng mt cng khc, chng phi mt chng phi khc, u theo ngha ty duyn bt bin, bt bin ty duyn, khng phi l li ni hoi nghi, hay quanh co chy li. (11). on ny ph php chp ca cc b phi Tiu tha. i tha Duy thc ni ht thy php gm 100 php. B phi Tiu tha ni c 75 php gm: Tm php c 1, Tm s 46, Sc 11, Bt tng ng hnh 14, v V vi php c 3, cng thnh 75. Tr Tm v Tm s, cn Sc php, Bt tng ng hnh php, V vi php, h u chp cho l tht c ngoi thc. y lun ch ln lt ph ba li chp . Trc ht php chp sc php l tht c.

Sc c ba loi l sc c i i chng ngi nh nm cn, nm trn. Sc khng i i chng ngi tc php trn, v sc hu biu v biu. Trc ph sc c i i chng ngi l tht c, v cc cc vi ha hp to thnh n khng tht c. V sao cc cc vi khng tht c? V cc vi nu c th cht chng ngi th n nh bnh, bn l gi ch khng phi tht; cn nu cc vi khng c th cht chng ngi th cc vi nh Tm v Tm s lm sao hp li thnh bnh bn. Li cc vi nu c v tr trong khng gian, c phng hng ng Ty Nam Bc, nh cy tr, khi nh sng chiu pha ng th pha Ty c bng hin ra, nh vy th cc vi cn c th chia ch ra c. Nu cn chia ch ra c th khng cn l cc vi (vt rt nh). Nh vy cc vi u c tht? Hi: - Nu khng c sc th ly g lm cn cho nm thc nng, lm cnh cho nm thc duyn? p: - Cn cho thc nng, cnh cho thc duyn ch l cng nng tng phn do sc nhn duyn hun tp m khi thc sanh th bin hin ra nng v duyn, ch khng phi do t sc bn ngoi. Khng phi do hin lng bit c cn tc l cng nng, m ch do cng nng dn ra thc m so snh bit l cn. V cng ch tng phn bin hin trn thc mi l s duyn duyn ca nm thc, v tng phn c hai ngha l c kh nng dn sanh ra thc, v lm i tng cho thc duyn; cn cc th khc nh cc vi, cng ch c th dn pht sanh ra thc, ch thc khng duyn n cc vi, tng cc vi trn nm thc khng hin ra, ngha l cc vi i vi nm thc ch c mt ngha l kh nng dn pht sanh ra, cng nh nhn duyn hay ng v gin duyn, cng ch c kh nng dn pht ra thc, khng th gi l s duyn duyn ca nm thc c. Cho d cc vi ha hp li, t tp li thnh ra bnh bn, th ch c mt ngha l lm i tng cho nm thc duyn nh mt trng th hai, nn cng khng phi l s duyn duyn ca nm thc. Ti lui suy xt nh th, thy r cc sc c i ngi cho n cc vi to ra cc sc u khng tht c, ch do thc bin hin. Sc c i ngi ca nm thc khng tht nh vy, th sc khng i ngi l php trn ca thc duyn, cng khng tht nh vy. (12). on ny tip ph Tiu tha chp "Biu, V biu sc". Biu sc l s biu hin bn ngoi ca ng tc ni thn gi l thn biu nghip, ni ming gi l ng biu nghip, hay gi l biu sc. Cn nhng ng tc nh mt nng lc ngm ngm bn trong khng biu hin ra bn ngoi ni thn gi l thn V biu nghip, hay gi l V biu sc. Theo Tiu tha chp sc biu, V biu y l tht c m khng bit rng sc ly g lm thn biu? Nu ly bnh lm thn biu th bnh c th phn tch tc khng tht. Nu ly ng tc lm thn biu, th ng va sanh lin dit, lm sao thnh ng. V li sc c loi l hin sc nh xanh vng trng, hnh sc nh di ngn vung trn, loi khng phi hin khng phi hnh nh thanh, hng, v, xc. Vy ni thn biu

nghip l sc th n thuc sc no trong ba loi . V vy nn bit ni thn biu nghip l sc tht c, l khng ng. Chp c sc ng biu nghip, cng sai nh th. Biu sc nh vy th V biu sc cng th, khng c g gi l sc V biu. Ch da vo "T tm s" c kh nng ngn chn thn lm c, ming ni c, m gi gi l V biu sc, ch khng tht c sc g c. Trong kinh c Th Tn ni c ba nghip l ch T tm s (Tm s suy ngh to tc) trong ba giai on. u tin thm xt suy ngh gi l thm l t; tip quyt nh nn hay khng nn v iu thm xt suy ngh, gi l quyt nh t. Hai t ny ni gi l nghip, khi n pht ng ra ni thn gi l thn nghip, pht ng ra ni ming gi l ng nghip, chung hai s pht ng gi l pht ng t. Ch Pht khng ni ba nghip c sc g c. (13). on ny bc Tiu tha chp "Bt tng ng hnh php" l tht c. Theo tiu tha; nh c php Bt ng hnh hp vi php khc m php khc mi thnh c; phi c; nh c tng sanh hp li thnh php sanh; nh c tng tr hp li mi thnh php tr v.v... Bt tng ng hnh un. Hnh un gm hai loi, mt loi tng ng vi tm, mt loi khng tng ng vi tm. Loi tng ng vi tm l 49 Tm s, tc trong 51 Tm s, tr Th v Tng hai un, cn li 49 Tm s thuc hnh un. Loi khng tng ng vi tm gm c 14 th (i tha c 24 Bt tng ng hnh) l c, phi c, chng ng phn, v tng qu, v tng nh, dit tn nh, mng cn, sanh, tr, d, dit, danh, c, vn thn. Mi bn th ny v khng c kh nng hiu bit nn khng tng ng vi Tm v Tm s; v khng cht ngi nn khng tng ng vi sc; v c sanh dit nn khng tng ng vi php v vi. Gi chung l 14 php Bt tng ng hnh. Trc ht lun nu ba l do bc cc php Bt tng ng hnh l khng tht c. a. Php bt tng ng hnh nht nh khng phi khc vi Sc, Tm, Tm s c tht th tht dng ring (tn) l v php nhip vo Hnh un (nhn) v nh sc nhip vo sc un; tm nhip v thc un (d). b. Php Bt tng ng hnh nht nh khng phi tht c (tn), v n khng nhip thuc vo Tm, Tm s hay V vi php (nhn) v nh vt hon ton khng c (d). c. Php Bt tng ng hnh nht nh khng tht c (tn), v n khng nhip thuc vo tht php no c (nhn), v nh cc gi php khc (d). Tip theo, Lun mi bc ring theo by mc: c, phi c, chng ng phn, mng cn, v tm nh, bn tng hu vi, danh c, vn thn, ty min. Cui cng l bc ba php v vi: H khng v vi, Trch dit v vi, Phi trch dit v vi ca Tiu tha.

a. H khng v vi - H khng y khng phi ch khong trng khng, m ch cho tnh khng chng ngi. Nh c tnh khng chng ngi m php ny khng qua php kia; php sanh c sanh, php dit c dit, khng b chng ngi. Chnh tnh khng chng ngi ny n khng sanh dit theo php, nn gi l v vi. nhng mt khng thy, tay khng chm n c m ch do phn bit ri hun tp vo bn thc, nn khi thc bin hin c tng , lm chp cho l c tht. b. Trch dit v vi - V vi l chn nh, l Duy thc tnh, v b kin t hoc m khng hin by c. Kin t hoc c nm b. V kin hoc c bn b do m Bn m c. Bn b kin hoc h thy o l T th dt tr. T hoc mt b, trong ba ci chn a, mi a li c chn phm t hoc, cng chn a thnh tm mi mt phm t hoc. Nh nng tr tu gin trch m dt c tng phn mi b mi phm hoc m hin l tng phn thc tnh chn nh cho nn gi l Trch dit v vi. c. Phi trch dit v vi, Chn nh php tnh v vi vn khng sanh dit, t n l thanh tnh v vi, ch khng cn nh tr tu gin trch hoc mi hin l nn gi l Phi trch dit. Hoc v duyn b khuyt m kin t hoc khng sanh ra lm che lp chn nh, nn chn nh khng b nhim, cng gi l Phi trch dit v vi. Kinh ni c H khng v vi v.v... lc c hai th. Nh Lun trong y ni r, cho n do kh lc th dit m gi l Bt ng dit v vi; do tng v th un khng hin hnh m gi l Tng th dit v vi. Tm li c nm v vi, ch da tnh chn nh m gi lp; chnh danh t Chn nh cng gi thit t. Hng ngoi o Tiu tha khng thy l nn chp cho l tht c. Lun ch bc: - Cc php m ngoi o v tiu tha gio chp, khc vi Tm v Tm s khng c tht tnh ring (tn), v n l s th tc tng phn (nhn), v nh Tm v Tm s kin phn (d). - Tnh tri gic thu nhn tng cc php kia cng khng duyn c tng cc php ngoi tm (tn), v nng th tc kin phn (nhn), v nh tnh tri gic duyn tng phn bn trong (d). Tng phnn s th, kin phn nng th, u t t chng phn khi ln, ngha l u khng la thc, cho nn cc php h chp v mt s th hay nng th u l Duy thc. Ch v khng hiu m chp cho tht c. Nhng cc thc Tm v Tm s cng chng phi tht c, v Y tha khi (nhn) v nh s huyn (d). Thc l php Y tha khi, n hin hu nh cc duyn, ch thc khng phi l ci g tht c ring ngoi mi php. Pht v khin tr ci bnh vng chp cho tht c php c lp vi thc, nn ni duy c thc. Nu li chp Duy thc l tht c, khng khc g chp ngoi cnh, th cng l php chp.

on trn l mn thc Y tha khi ph Bin k s chp, on ny, ni thc l Y tha khi nh huyn, khng tht, nu chp tht c Duy thc, cng thnh php chp. Nh vy tn ch ca Php tng Duy thc tht khng khc g vi tn ch ca Php tnh Chn khng. Cho nn kinh i Pht nh ni: "Ng nhp Vin thnh tht, th xa la chp Y tha v Bin k". (14). on ny phn bit v php chp. Php chp c hai l Cu sanh php chp, Phn bit php chp. Cu sanh li c hai l thng tng tc, v c gin on. Phn bit cng c hai l duyn t gio ni v un x, gii m chp v duyn t gio ni v t tnh v.v... m chp. Nh trong lun ging r. T bt u lun vn n y phn tch ch r ng v php u khng tht c; ng v php ch l gi ni. n y c ngi nghi hoc hi: - Nu khng c tht ng tht php ngoi thc th gi ng, gi php cng khng? V gi phi da ni vic tht, vic tng t v c tnh chung, mi thnh gi. Nh c la thit, c ngi t nh la, c c tnh chung gia nhng vic nh sc mnh lit. La thit c sc mnh lit, ngi t nh la c sc mnh lit, mi ni ngi kia ging nh la. Cng vy, nu ng php khng tht c th da vo u m gi ni, v khng gi ni, vy t ng t php cng khng thnh, lm sao ni tm chuyn hin ra t ng t php? Lun ch gii thch: Da vo c tnh cng loi m gi ni th khng ng; v c tnh sc mnh lit ni ngi khng cng loi vi c tnh sc mnh lit c kh nng t chy ni la. Nu ngi c sc mnh lit nhng khng c kh nng t chy ging nh la m vn ni ngi nh la, th nc c sc mnh lit m khng c kh nng t chy nh la, vy c ni nh la khng? Khng c. Do gi ni ngi nh la khng cn da ni c tnh cng loi; v gi ni ng php cng vy. Cn nng ni s tht mi gi ni c, cng khng ng; v s tht tc chnh t thn s vt. Tr phn bit gi di v ngn thuyn u c duyn c t thn s vt; th m vn ni vt ny vt kia, l gi ni, m khng cn da ni s tht. Vy tng ng php u do thc bin. Phm phu khng hiu r mi chp cho l tht c. V khin tr li chp m ni ch "gi", ch "tng t". Khi dt ht vng chp ri th gi t cng v ngha. - Tt c cc on trn l ni v ng php s bin, thuc Bin k s chp tnh. T y tr i ni v thc nng bin, thuc Y tha khi tnh. n bi tng hai mi ba, hai mi bn, hai mi lm, ni v ba v tnh, l thuc v Vin thnh tht tnh. T bi tng hai mi su cho n bi tng ba mi l ni v qu v tu chng. (15). on ny ni v thc nng bin lc c ba th l thc D thc , thc T lng, v thc Liu bit cnh tc su thc trc. Nng bin c hai:

a. Nhn nng bin, tc nhn bin hin. Tm thc l php Y tha khi. N khng t c, m da vo ng lu tp kh v D thc tp kh m c. (Hai tp kh ny c gii r trong bi tng th mi chn on sau). Nh vy tm thc l qu, m hai tp kh l nhn. Do hai tp kh bin hin ra tm thc, nn gi l Nhn nng bin. b.Qu nng bin, tc qu bin hin. Tm thc l qu. Chnh t tm thc th t chng phn bin ra kin phn tng phn, ri da vo kin tng phn bit vng chp cho l ng l php, tc hu tnh v tnh. Nh vy tm thc l qu m bin hin ra cc php, nn gi l Qu nng bin. Qu nng bin l tm thc chia lm ba th gi l ba thc nng bin. (16). Thc nng bin th nht c nh ngha trong mi cu tng t cu "u, A li da n A la hn b ht" gm c mi hai mc: a. T tng (tc u A li da thc). b. Qu tng (tc D thc thc). c. Nhn tng (tc Nht thit chng thc). d. Khng th bit. e. S duyn (tc chp th v x). f. Hnh tng (tc Liu). g. Tng ng (tc thng cng tm s Xc v.v... ). h. Th (tc x th). i. Ba tnh (tc tnh v ph v k). k. Tm s l Tm vng (tc Tm s cng nh vy). l. Nhn qu php d (tc hng chuyn nh dng nc). m. Phc on v (tc A la hn v x b). Thc l php Y tha khi, l duyn sanh, cho nn n c nhiu mt lin h, nhiu tnh cch sai khc nh th. Di y ln lt gii thch cc mc y. Thc nng bin th nht c tn l A li da, dch Tng thc, gm ba ngha l nng tng, s tng, ng i chp tng. Thc th tm c kh nng cha nhm v duy tr cc chng t thin, c, hu vi, v vi, hu lu, v lu, nn ni l nng tng. Li n l ch b

cc chng t dn cha vo nn ni l s tng. Li n l ch m loi hu tnh a chp lm t ng, nn gi l ng i chp tng. Tng thc l t tng ca thc th tm, gm c tnh nhn qu, thnh t tng. Tng thc v d nh mt ng d vt, cha mi th tt c, xu c. vt li cng t ng vt m ra. V vt g cng cha vo ng vt. Khng c vt th khng c ng vt; khng c ng vt th khng c vt. vt v v ng vt lm nhn duyn nhn qu cho nhau m hin hu. vt c thay i ch ng vt khi no cng vn c, chng qua khi cha vt nh th gi l ng nh, khi cha vt sch th gi l ng vt sch th thi. Tng thc cng vy, khng c chng t cc php th khng c Tng thc; khng c Tng thc th khng c chng t cc php. Tng thc v chng t cc php lm nhn duyn nhn qu cho nhau. y l ngha ca cu "Tng thc v cc php tp nhim lm duyn cho nhau". Thc nng bin th nht li c tn l D thc. C ba ngha. Mt l bin d nhi thc, tc t nhn ti qu trc sau bin i hnh thi m thnh thc, nu c nguyn trng khng thay i th khng thnh thc c. Hai l D thi nhi thc, tc nhn trc qu sau, khc vi thi gian mi thnh thc. Ba l D loi nhi thc, tc khc loi m thnh thc, loi tc l tnh. Trong nhn c thin tnh c tnh m trong qu th ch l tnh v k. Nhn thin c m qu v k, khc tnh loi m thnh thc. V d t nc to thnh ci bnh. t l t, nc l nc, khc nhau nhng khi to thnh ci bnh, ci bnh l v k, khng phi t khng phi nc. Chng sanh cng vy khi to nghip nhn c thin c nhng khi hp c nghip nhn thin c y to thnh mt bo thn ci ngi hoc ci A tu la v.v... th chnh bo thn y l v k, khng phi thin c. Chnh tng bo thn ca mi loi gi l chn d thc, do dn nghip a n. T tng bo thn chn d thc y bao gm cc th sai khc, hin hnh ra c kh c vui, c tt c xu, lnh, d v.v... khc nhau gi l D thc sanh, do mn nghip chiu cm n. Thc D thc l qu tng ca thc nng bin th nht. Nu l nhn tng ca thc nng bin th nht th gi l Nht thit chng. (17). on ny ni v Nht thit chng thc, tc ni v nhn tng ca thc nng bin th nht. Chng t l g? L nhng cng nng, nng lc. qun tnh, l ht ging cha trong Tng thc, h gp duyn th khi dy, xut hin, gi l hin hnh cc tng php n kia. Chng t l nhn, hay nhn php, khng hin hnh ra tng php n php kia l qu, hay qu php. Nhn php no hin ra qu php y khng ln xn; v nh ht ging m sanh ra cy m, ging u sinh ra cy u, chng t thin sanh ra thin, chng t c sinh ra c, chng t tr sanh ra tr, chng t ngu sanh ra ngu v.v... bt c chng t g cng u c hai loi: Mt l cu sanh, tc loi c sn trong Tng thc t bao gi. H c thn sanh ra l c n cng sanh. Do m tr s sanh d cha bit g ht nhng khng phi l n khng c tham, sn, si, hoc khng c nhng tnh tt. Da vo m ni ngi mi sanh tnh vn lnh hay vn c, hay vn khng lnh khng c.

Hai l loi phn bit. Loi chng t ny khi sanh ra cha c, v sau tip xc vi hon cnh tt hoc xu, hoc khn hoc di, phn bit theo hon cnh m lu ngy thnh thi quen, tc l chng t. D chng t cu sanh hay phn bit cng u c hai tnh l hu lu gm nhng chng t c, thin v hu ph v k, v v lu tc nhng chng t thin hon ton trong sch pht xut t tnh v ng. Cn chng t c, thin, hu ph v k l v pht xut t tnh chp ng nn gi l hu lu. Chng t cn c tn l Ty min, v n thng theo di chng sanh, ngm ng yn trong Tng thc, nhn bn ngoi tng khng c, nhng gp duyn th n ni dy. Chng t gi l tp kh, v n l kh phn, l hi hm do tp nhim m thnh. Chng t cng gi l th trng, v tnh n th kch trm trng, v khng kham ni mt trch nhm g (Tnh khng kham nhm). Khi gi l chng t l Ty min, Tp kh, Th trng, Tnh khng kham nhm, u l ch cho chng t hu lu, ch khng phi ni chng t v lu. Chng t d hu lu, v lu, chng u nng thc D thc, nhng khi chng t cha hin hnh, cn tim n trong thc D thc th n ng tnh v k vi thc D thc; tri li chng t v lu d nng thc D thc nhng trc sau vn l thin. - Tt c chng t u vn c hay mi sanh? C ba loi kin. C kin cho chng t ch l vn c sn. C loi kin cho chng t ch mi hun tp sanh. C loi kin cho chng t u c c th vn c, v th mi sanh. Hoc vn c nhng cng phi do hun tp mi ln mnh pht sanh. kin th ba ng nht. - C ngi dn kinh ni: "Tm tnh vn tnh, do khc trn phin no lm nhim" ch trong chng t v lu l vn c ch khng phi mi sanh - Ni th cng khng ng, v ngi khng c chng t v lu vn c th mi mi h khng thnh bc Thnh hay sao? V d c chng t v lu vn c, cng phi nh nghe php, suy ngh, tu tp, c hun tp lu ngy lm cho chng t v lu ln mnh mi sanh c. Nu khng th n khng th sanh. C kin li ni do hai chng l phin no chng v s tri chng c hay khng m ni chng t v lu c hay khng. Ni th cng khng ng, v nu khng c chng t v lu th ly g dt hai chng y. Nhng phi c su ngha (tnh cch) ny mi thnh chng t c, l st na dit, qu cu hu, hng ty chuyn, tnh quyt nh, i chng duyn, dn t qu; v phi do hun tp mi thnh chng t. Hun tp ngha l xng p, tp nhim; v phi c hai bn mi thnh hun tp. Tc l mt bn b hun, chu hun, v mt bn nng hun, c kh nng xng p; nh mt bn tr, mt bn hoa. p hoa vo tr, mi thm ca hoa xng qua tr lm cho tr tr nn thm. Th gi l hun tp. y cng vy, mt bn Tng

thc l s hun, b hun, mt bn l by thc trc l nng hun, c kh nng hun. Bn no cng phi c bn tnh cch (ngha) mi thnh s hun hay nng hun. Bn tnh cch ca s hun l tnh kin tr, tnh v k, tnh kh hun, tnh cng ha hp vi nng hun. Bn tnh cch ca nng hun l tnh sanh dit, c tc dng mnh, c thm bt, cng s hun ha hp chuyn bin. Trong tm thc, ch c Tng thc c bn ngha s hun, nn lun lun ch Tng thc l s hun, ch by chuyn thc khng c, cng nh Tng thc khng th l nng hun. Ngc li ch c by chuyn thc trc l nng hun, ch Tng thc khng th l nng hun c; cng nh khng bao gi by chuyn thc l s hun. (18). on ny ni v hnh tng v s duyn ca thc nng bin th nht. Hnh tng l tng hnh ng ca n. Tng hnh ng ca thc nng bin th nht l g? L Liu bit, nhn bit, tc l kin phn. Kin phn c nm loi: a. Chng kin gi l kin - Tc cn bn tr chng ng chn nh. b. Chiu kin gi l kin - Tc nm cn v tm chiu cnh. c. Nng duyn gi l kin - Tc l kin phn, t chng phn, chng t chng phn. d. Nim gii gi l kin - Tc nh ngh gii liu cc ngha l. . Suy t gi l kin - Tc suy lun so snh. Trong , tr sc cn, t chng phn, chng t chng phn, cn li u thuc kin phn. - S duyn ca thc nng bin th nht l g? L x, chng t, v cn thn. Trong chng t v cn thn hai th c thc th tm ly lm s duyn, v chp th lm t th, duy tr khng mt, ng an nguy vi n. Hnh tng liu bit l nng duyn, l kin phn ca thc; cn s duyn l tng phn ca thc. Tng phn gm c nm: a. Tht tng gi l tng - Tc l tnh chn nh, tht tnh ca mi php.

b. Cnh tng hay th tng gi l tng - Tc l tng t thn ca mi php i hin trc cn v thc. c. Tng trng gi l tng - Tc l tng trng ca cc php hu vi, di, ngn, vung, trn, ln, nh, , vng v.v... d. Tng mo gi l tng - Tc l dng mo i, ng, nm, ngi, co, dui. . Ngha tng gi l tng - Tc l c tnh, thuc tnh ca mi php xu, tt, thng, v thng, v ng v.v... V d nh mt trng. Tht tng ca mt trng l th no? Khng th bit c. Tht tng ca mt trng l v tng chn nh, v s c, ch bit bng tr gic ng ch khng th bit bng thc. Cnh tng hay th tng ca mt trng l th no? Chnh t thn mt trng hin trc mt ta . Tng trng ca mt trng l th no? L tng trn, mo, sng, m . tng mo ca mt trng l th no? Chnh s di chuyn cao thp ca n . Ngha tng ca mt trng l th no? l p, xu, thng, v thng v.v... Tng phn c tng phn ring. Nh chng t v cn thn do nghip ring (bit nghip) ca mi hu tnh t bin ra. V tng phn chung (cng tng) nh kh th gii (x) do nghip chung (cng nghip) ca cc hu tnh chung bin ra. Nhng bin c hai cch l phn bit bin v nhn duyn bin. Phn bit bin l do vng tnh in o phn bit bin ra. Nh khi vui thy cnh vui, khi bun thy cnh bun, khi a khen p, khi ght ch xu v.v... Hoc nh thc th by duyn thc th tm, chp lm ng v nh nm tm s Bin hnh ca thc th tm bin ra cnh m duyn; hon ton l o tng khng c cn c. Nhn duyn bin l do vng tnh da ni tng phn, kin phn. Khng phi ng m cho l ng; khng phi php m cho l php; khng phi hu tnh v tnh m chp hu tnh v tnh; khng phi sc tm m chp l sc tm. C hun tp mi cc danh tng vo tng thc, lu ngy thnh chng t, tc l thi quen c hu lu i, nn khi gp duyn th hin ra, nhn u cng thy c ng v php. Th gii mun hnh vn trng u l nhng tng ng php theo cch nhn , kh m thay i c. - Tng phn l mt trong bn phn ca thc. i vi thc Tm vng, Tm s, theo Lun s An Hu ch trng ch c mt phn l phn T chng; cn Lun s Nan th ch trng c hai phn l Kin v Tng. Lun s Trn Na th ch trng c ba phn l Kin, Tng v T chng phn. T chng phn l t th ca thc; Kin phn, Tng phn l tng dng ca thc. Li Kin phn lng bit Tng phn. Vy ci g lng bit Kin nu khng c T chng phn. C nng lng s lng tc phi c lng qu. Nh thc o vi, thc l Kin phn nng lng; vi l tng phn s lng. Vy thc o vi kt qu c bao nhiu lm sao bit, nu khng c ngi th ba (?) T chng phn cng nh ngi th ba, kt qu ca s lng bit. Nhng Lun s H Php li ch trng c bn phn, ly l s nhn bit ca thc c khi trc tip bit, l hin lng; c khi gin tip bit, l t lng. Nhng c khi trc tip bit sai, gin tip bit sai, th l phi lng. - Kin phn bit Tng phn c khi hin lng, c khi t lng, c khi phi

lng. Trong khi T chng phn ch bit bng hin lng. T chng phn chng bit Kin phn, vy ci g chng bit T chng phn (?) Bi Kin phn chng bit T chng phn khng c, v kin phn c khi phi lng, m T chng phn l t th ca thc, lun lun l hin lng, lm sao Kin phn chng bit c? Vy phi c phn th t l Chng t chng phn chng bit t chng phn, v ngc li T chng phn; chng bit chng T chng phn, v hai phn ny ng l hin lng bit. Nhng ni mt cch rt ro th bn phn ch l tng i. C th gom phn th t vo phn th ba m ch c ba phn; hoc li gom phn th hai m ch c hai phn, li Kin, Tng hai phn vn khng t th m phi da vo mt tm, mt chn php gii lm t th, ly th mt tm m bao dung tc dng, th dng khng khc th, nn c th ni "nht sc nht hng v phi Trung o" v nh vy, d ni Duy thc, hay ni Duy sc, Duy hng u c. (19). on ny ni thc A li da ch tng ng vi nm Bin hnh tm s v x th. Nm Bin hnh tm s l xc, tc , th, tng, t. Nm Tm s ny c bn s bin khp l bin khp ht thy tnh, tc thin, c, v k; bin khp ht thy a, tc khp c trong chn a, ba ci; bin khp ht thy thi, bt c khi no tm khi l c nm Tm s ny cng khi; bin khp ht thy Tm vng. D tm thc Tm vng cng khi ln, th cng u c nm Tm s ny ng khi, cho n khi c chuyn thc thnh tr vn c nm Tm s ny tng ng. Nm Tm s ny c hnh tng khc vi thc, v thc Tm vng ly liu bit lm hnh tng; cn xc th ly s xc i gia cn, trn, thc, lm hnh tng; tc y s cnh tnh lm hnh tng; th ly s lnh np cnh lm hnh tng; tng ly s chp th nh tng lm hnh tng; t ly s to tc lm hnh tng. Song c nm i vi thc c bn s ng ngang nhau nn ni l Tm tng ng. Bn s ng nhau, tc Tm vng, Tm s u c t th ring nh nhau; s duyn nh nhau, tc Tm vng, Tm s ng duyn mt cnh; ng mt lc duyn cnh, v ng nng mt cn chung. D nm Tm s ny lun lun tng ng thc A li da nhng n khng th c kh nng th hun (chu s hun tp) nh A li da. A li da cng ch tng ng vi x th, v tnh lun lun l v ph, v k. Ngha l n khng c ng tnh, ch c thc th by lm chp n l ng, ch t n khng phi l ng, nn mi tip nhn tt c nhng g do by chuyn thc hun tp vo. Nu c ng tnh chc n c phn bit chn th ny b th kia, khng th tip nhn ht mi s hun tp vo. V cng v vy A li da khng c cc Tm s thin, c, nhim tng ng. (20). on ny ni A li da l trung tm ca l duyn nhn qu. A li da ging nh ging nc thng hng, m chuyn bin, khng phi on, khng phi thng, ch trong mt st na m gm c sanh, dit, nhn, qu; v nh hai u qu cn cao thp cng lc. Hai u qu cn d cho nhn qu, cao thp d cho sanh

dit. Sanh dit nhn qu ng mt ch cng trong mt st na hin ti. Ngay trong hin ti trng v qu kh ni hin ti l qu, trng v tng lai ni hin ti l nhn, c theo qu hin ti ni qu kh l nhn. Th thi mun vn c kip trc vn nh ngy nay, tng nhn ch l tng tng t in nh c, do thc bin ra, ch qu kh qua, thc no c trc tip bit thu. Hoc c theo nhn hin ti m ni qu tng lai, thi v lng kip sau cng trc mt, ch do thc bin hin tng t nh c qu tng lai, ch qu tng lai cha c, thc u c thc s duyn n. Do vy C c ni: "V bin st hi t tha bt cch mao oan, thp th c kim thy chung bt ly ng nhim" (mun vn th gii t tha chung trn u si lng, mi i kim c thy chung ch trong mt nim). Tn Cnh Lc ni: "Qu kh v lai v th, do st na hun tp, u thuc hin ti. Chnh ngay khi vng nim hin ti khi ln, tri vi chn tnh, gi l thc s khi, ch chng phi c thc s khi no trong qu kh. Cho nn bit ngang trm ht mi ni, dc sut ht mi thi, u ngay trong mt nim hin ti. c theo hin ti, thc bin ra tng nhn qu kh, tng qu trong tng lai; trc sau sanh dit, u l gi thit t, ch khng tht c. Th nhng cc b phi khc li cho nhn qu sanh u khng tht c, c php lm nhn, c php lm qu, c tht, c dit tht. u l m lm chp php ch khng ng o l rt ro. (21). on ny ni s x b thc A li da, v ni cc tn khc ca thc th tm. A li da l Tng thc gm c nng tng, s tng, ng i chp tng. Trong ng i chp tng l u mi ca m lm, pht sanh phin no to nghip, chu lun hi sanh t. Vy khi no dt ht ng i chp tng l b tn A li da. (Ch khng phi c b thc th tm). Ba a v v hc ca Thanh vn, Duyn gic, B tt, dt ht phin no chng, b ng i chp tng, nn ba a v ny khng cn c tn A li da. Ngha l a v A la hn, c gic pht v B tt t bt a tr ln u b tn A li da, v khng cn chp ng. Thc th ch c mt, theo ngha m t tn ra nhiu tn, ty mi a v ny m b tn ny nhn tn khc ch khng phi b tn l b lun c th. V chng t cc php nu khng phi l hu lu th l v lu, lc no cng c, nu khng c thc th th tm duy tr th cc chng t kia tiu mt, tr thnh on dit, cho nn khi no cng c thc th th tm duy tr cc chng t, v khng tr thnh on dit. Thc th th tm lun lun c nhng thay i tn gi ty theo s thay i tnh cht. Khi qut c hai a v nhim v tnh r rt. a v nhim tc a v hu lu th gi l A li da hoc D thc, n tng ng vi nm tm s Bin hnh. a v tnh tc a v v lu, chuyn thnh tr, th gi l v cu thc, cng gi l bch tnh thc, n tng ng vi hai mi mt Tm s l nm Bin hnh, nm Bit cnh v mi mt Thin.

Cn cc tn Tm, A na, S tri y, Chng t thc th tm th c cc a v nhim tnh u c, v ch tng ng vi nm tm s Bin hnh. (22). on ny ly Thnh gio chng minh ngoi by chuyn thc, c thc th tm. Mt l dn kinh gio chng minh, gm c ba kinh i tha v bn kinh Nikay A hm thuc cc b pht hnh tr. a. Kinh i tha A t t ma c hai bi k, mt bi bt u cu "V thy thi lai gii" ... n "Cp Nit bn chng c". Mt bi bt u cu: "Do nhip tng ch php" ... n "Thng gi ng khai th". b. Kinh Gii Thm Mt mt bi k bt u cu: "A na thc thm thm thm t" ... n "Khng b phn bit chp v ng". c. Kinh Nhp Lng gi mt bi k bt u cu: "Nh hi ng phong duyn" ... n "Hin tin tc dng chuyn". Tip l dn li bn kinh thuc cc b phi hnh tr: a. Trong kinh A cp ma (A hm) thuc i chng b c mt ni: "Thc cn bn". Nn bit thc cn bn y l ch cho thc th tm ny, ch khng th ch cho thc no hay php no khc c. b. Kinh v Phn bit lun gi thuc Thng ta b cng mt ni n tn: :"Hu phn thc". Nn bit cng ch thc th tm ny ch khng thc no khc, hay php no khc. c. Trong kinh thuc Ha a b cng mt ni n tn: "Cng sanh t un". Nn bit cng ch thc th tm mi i n tn cng ngn m sanh t (tc bt u Nit bn gii thot) ch khng thc no c nh vy. d. Kinh Tng Nht thuc Nht thit hu b cng mt ni n tn: "A li da". Nn bit ch thc th tm c tn y, ch khng thc no c c. Hai l dn l ngha c ni trong kinh lm chng c A li da, c mi l: a. Kinh ni n "Tm tp khi". b. Kinh ni n "Tm D thc". c. Kinh ni n "Ch th ca ba ci, nm th, bn loi sanh". d. Kinh ni n "C thc chp gi v lnh th thn cn".

. Kinh ni n "Th, Non, Thc". e. Kinh ni n "Tm trong khi sanh v trong khi cht". g. Kinh ni "Hnh duyn thc, thc duyn danh sc". h. Kinh ni n "Bn cch n trong c thc thc". i. Kinh ni "Dit tn nh vn c thc". k. Kinh ni n "Tm thanh tnh, Tm tp nhim". Nu khng c thc th tm gii thch cho ch Tm, ch Thc v cc vic ni trong kinh nh trn, th khng bit ly g gii thch thch ng cc ngha trong li kinh . Trn va ni trong mi hai nhn duyn c thc duyn danh sc, danh sc duyn thc, hnh duyn thc, thc y l thc no? Nu ni thc y l chuyn thc th khng c, v chuyn thc c sanh dit gin on khng th th hun tr chng t. Hnh l hnh ng, nghip, thc y l D thc qu thc. Thc th tm do hnh ng hun tp thnh chng t nghip lc lm chuyn bin thc th tm thnh D thc thc. D thc thc hnh thnh l do hnh. Vy nu khng c thc th tm duy tr chng t nghip ca hnh hun tp, th chng t tiu tan, ly g m lm duyn sanh danh sc. Vy chnh chng t thc D thc v chng nghip do hnh hun tp thnh, chung li gi l "thc chi". V chnh chi ny lm duyn cho danh sc. Cn nu ni hnh duyn thc m thc l thc kit sanh nhim th cng khng c. Thc kit sanh nhim l thc trong tham i, tt trong lc i tm duyn cha m th sanh. N l i, tng, thuc phin no, ch khng thuc nghip. Vy ni hnh duyn thc l thc kit sanh nhim cng khng uc. Nu hnh lm duyn danh sc th cng khng c, v hnh v danh sc gin cch nhau u c th lm duyn c, v hnh v danh sc gin cch u c th lm duyn c. V nu hnh lm duyn danh sc c th mt ht th t mi hai nhn duyn. Lun Du gi S a ghi: Hi - V sao v minh duyn hnh, hnh duyn danh sc v.v... c th lp nh vy? p: - V k ngu trc ht l ngu i vi iu ng phi hiu ng, hiu r (v minh) t pht sanh hnh ng t c (hnh), do hnh ng t c lm cho tm in o; thc do tm in o nn kit sanh tng tc (danh sc bo thai); do kit sanh tng tc nn cc cn y (lc, nhp, xc); do cc cn y nn th dng cnh (th); do th dng cnh nn m trc, hy cu (i); do hy cu nn tm cu, phin no ln mnh (th); do phin no ln mnh pht khi nghip ng a khng ng a i sau (hu); do nghip lc ln mnh nn sanh qu kh trong nm th (sanh); kh qu sanh nn c gi cht (lo t), ni thn gi cht kh, ngoi cnh bin i sanh u su nhit no kh. (Thnh i kh t).

Nh th hnh khng th vt b thc trc tip lm duyn cho danh sc, th cc chi sau cng th, khng th b bng th lp m lm duyn cho chi khc c. Li chng sanh c khi hu lu nhim, c khi v lu thanh tnh, khi a v hu lu phi c thc th tm th mi thnh "hnh lm duyn". Tc th khi a v thanh tnh cng phi c thc th tm duy tr chng t v lu mi thnh thanh tnh cc bc Thnh c. Nu khng c thc th tm th khng c g duy tr chng t v lu, m khng c chng t v lu th khng th tu nhn gii thot, chng qu Nit bn. Khng th ni chng t hu lu sanh ra chng t o v lu xut th c. Php thanh tnh tc php tu chng ca ba Hin mi Thnh. C ba th khc nhau: Mt l o th gian, tc ch cc php tu tp trc khi ln thp a; hai l o xut th gian, tc cc php tu tp thp a; ba l on qu kt qu dt tr m hoc do tu hai o trn. Nu khng c thc th tm duy tr chng t o th gian, chng t o xut th gian, th tu g mt ny, khng c chng t tc khng c nhn, khng c nhn th khng sanh qu, khng gii thot khi m lm kh au. Nh khi ang tu o th gian v T Thin T Khng, li tu qun v ng. Khi nhp qun v ng l tu o xut th gian, khi xut qun v ng tr li T Thin T khng, th l tr li o th gian. Khng th ni t o th gian sanh ra o th gian c. em tm cn hu ng th gian m nghe Chnh php hun tp thnh chng t v lu xut th gian, th l hun trng ch khng phi hun sanh. V tm hu lu nghe php ch gip cho chng t v lu sn c c ln mnh on ht phin no m c gii thot, ch khng phi n lm sanh ra chng t v lu, ngc li cng vy. (23). Thc t lng nng bin th hai c nh ngha trong mi hai cu tng, t cu "Thc nng bin th hai" ... n cu "Xut th do, khng cn". Gm c mi mc: a. Thch tn. b. S y (tc nng kia chuyn). c. S duyn (tc tr li duyn kia). d. Th tnh (tc t lng lm tnh). . Hnh tng (tc thm t t lng). e. Nhim cu (tc bn phin no). g. D tng ng (tc xc khc thy). h. Tam tnh (tc hu ph v k). i. Gii h (tng sanh theo A li da). k. Phc on (tc hai cu tng cht).

Lun vn ln lt gii thch mi mc . (24). on ny gii thch danh t (Mt na). c ngha l hng thng thm xt t lng nn gi l . N khc vi thc ch: Thc ny gi l Mt na hay thc, l t tn theo li tr nghip. Tc cn c c tnh kh nng m t tn; do tnh thm xt t lng ca n m gi n l thc. Ngha l thc tc , ging nh Tng thc, l t tn theo li tr nghip. Thc c kh nng cha nhm gi l Tng. Tng tc thc, nn gi l Tng thc. Ly c tnh ca chnh n m t tn cho n, ch khng phi da vo ci khng t tn. Nh nhn thc l da nhn cn m t tn nhn thc. y l cch t tn theo li y ch. (25). on ny gii thch ch "Nng kia chuyn" ca bi tng. Kia l ch cho thc th tm. C hai kin: Mt l Mt na ch nng chng t ca n trong thc th tm m khi ln. Hai l Mt na nng c chng t ca n trong thc th tm v ng thi nng c hin thc th tm m khi ln. th hai ng hn. V Mt na l thc c chuyn dch, khi c Thnh o khi ln th n chuyn nhim thnh tnh. Nhng Mt na cng nh Tm, Tm s khc u c ba ch nng: Mt l nhn duyn y tc chng t y; hai l Tng thng duyn y tc Cu hu y; ba l ng v gin duyn y tc Khai o y. Trc ht ni v chng y. C hai kin: Mt kin cho rng chng t v hu qu khng ng thi, chng t dit ri th hin qu mi sanh; nh ht ging dit mi c mm sanh. kin th hai cho chng t v hin qu ng thi; ging nh ngn la v tim n ng thi. Tc l tim n sanh ngn la, ngn la t chy tim n. Tim n sanh ngn la l th d chng t sanh hin hnh; la t chy tim n l th d hin hnh hun chng t; nu tim n gi trc trng n tim n gi sau l th d chng t dn chng t; ngn la gi trc trng n ngn la gi sau l th d hin hnh dn hin hnh. Trong chng dn chng thuc nhn duyn y, nhng khng ng thi; cn chng sanh hin, hin hun chng t cng thuc nhn duyn y, nhng l ng thi; ch c hin dn hin l thuc ng v gin duyn y, v khng ng thi. Th n l Cu hu y. C bn kin khc nhau, nhng kin th t l ng nht. Cui cng l Khai o y. C ba kin. kin th nht cho rng nm thc trc v b gin on nn khng th t lm Khai o y cho mnh, phi nh thc th su lm Khai o y. kin th hai cho rng ch Pht khi c t ti ri nm thc h dng vn lm Khai o y cho nhau c; v ni Pht lun lun c tm nhm vn quyt nh, ch khng c tm tm cu nh cc chng sanh khc. Nn bit khi tm duyn n s vt c nm hnh tng (trng thi) l: a. Sut nh tm, khi gp cnh vt khi ln. b. Tm cu tm, tm cu t n cnh .

c. Quyt nh tm, thm tr cnh r rng quyt nh. d. Nhim tnh tm, i vi cnh hoc a hoc chn, sanh tm nhim tnh. . ng lu tm, nim nim duyn cnh trc sau lin tc. Nm thc trc ch c bn, tr tm tm cu, v nm thc trc ch c t tnh phn bit, ch khng c ty nim v k t phn bit. Thc th su th c nm tm. Thc th by ch c ba tm l quyt nh, nhim tnh, ng lu. V thc th by thng duyn cnh hin ti nn khng c tm sut nh v tm cu. Thc th tm th c ba tng l sut nh, quyt nh, ng lu. Sut nh y l ch thc th 8 khi mi th sanh. kin th ba mi l ng, nh trong lun ni r. Hai kin u l ca Nan v An Hu, cho tm thc trng nhau p i lm Khai o y cho nhau; cn kin th ba l ca H Php cho rng tm thc, mi t loi nim trc lm Khai o y cho nim sau. (26). on ny ni v cnh s duyn ca Mt na. Cnh s duyn ca Mt na chia lm hai giai on. Giai on cha chuyn y, v giai on chuyn y. - Giai on cha chuyn y: C bn kin: a. Nan ch trng Mt na duyn Tm vng, Tm s thc th tm lm cnh. b. Ha Bin ch trong Mt na duyn kin phn, tng phn Tm vng thc th tm lm cnh. Duyn kin phn chp lm ng, duyn tng chp lm ng s. c. An Hu ch trng Mt na duyn hin hnh v chng t thc th tm lm cnh. Duyn hin hnh chp lm ng, duyn chng t chp lm ng s. d. H Php ch trng Mt na ch duyn hin hnh kin phn thc th tm lm cnh, v chp lm ng. Ng v ng s khng phi ch c hai cnh ring bit, khng th la ng c ng s m ch c mt ng kin din dch ra ng v ng s, ch khng phi hai th ring bit nhau. Mt na duyn thc th tm chp lm ng, ri li chp l ng ca ta, ng ca ng m thnh ng s thi. - Giai on chuyn y: Mt na chuyn thnh Bnh ng tnh tr, chng c mi tnh bnh ng, th khng ch duyn Tng thc m cng duyn chn nh v ht thy php. Nh bit r tri gii ca B tt Thp a sai khc nh th no, m khi hin thn hin tha th dng thuyt php gio ha. gi l "Nh Lai hin khi tha th dng, Thp B tt s b c". Kinh Pht a ni mi th bnh ng tnh nh sau: a. Cc tng tng thng h lc bnh ng.

b. Ht thy lnh th duyn khi bnh ng. c. Xa la d tng phi tng bnh ng. d. i t hong t bnh ng. . i t khng ch i bnh ng. e. Th hin theo s lc ca hu tnh bnh ng. g. Ni ng i ca hu tnh bnh ng. h. Th gian ng mt v tch tnh bnh ng. i. Php kh lc ca th gian nht v bnh ng. k. Tu trng v lng cng c rt ro bnh ng. Mt na t thc bt sanh li duyn thc bt ging nh thc nim trc sanh li duyn thc nim trc. Nh vy khi Mt na ly thc th tm lm ch nng, l tng thng duyn; khi ly thc th tm lm cnh s duyn, l s duyn duyn. Mt na ly t lng lm t tnh v hnh tng ca mnh. (27). Mt na thng tng ng vi bn th Tm s l ng si, ng kin, ng mn, ng i. Do mt na c bn th phin no qa ti li ny, nn d c tu su hnh nh b th, tr gii v.v... vn khng vong tng, vn thnh hu lu, cho nn gi l tp nhim. Nu mun gii thot, trc phi sing nng qun l v ng, tr ht bnh vng chp mi gii thot c. Song bnh chp ng ca thc Mt na thuc loi cu sanh rt vi t, rt kh dit tr. T n khng th qun v ng, phi nh thc th su c tm s Chnh tu tng ng mi qun st ng n l v ng, hun tp chng t kin gii v ng vo Tng thc, t bi cho chng t v lu v ng vn c, c pht trin mnh ln cho n khi thnh thc, c tht tr v lu hin tin, ri dng tr y nhiu ln tu qun sau mi c th dt sch bn th phin no y. Ti sao Mt na khng t qun v ng m phi nh thc qun? - V khi ang m, ngha l khi cha chuyn y, Mt na m lm rt trm trng, khng t ng dy c. V li chnh thc tuy b Mt na ly nhim, nhng thc c tip xc bn ngoi v tr li bi dng Mt na. Nu n bi dng nhng iu nhim th ng chp ca Mt na cng su m bn chc thm; cn nu n nghe c gio l v ng, ri qun v ng th Mt na mt s bi dng ng, tri li lm cho ng chp ca Mt na bin dn i cho n khi tiu mt; chuyn thnh tr bnh ng tnh, by gii n li lun lun tng ng vi hai mi mt Tm s nh A li da. Ngoi bn phin no ny, Mt na cn tng ng vi phin no no na khng? i vic ny c nm kin:

a. Ch trng n khng cn tng ng vi Tm s no na ht. b. Ch trng n tng ng vi 15 Tm s. Tc l bn cn bn phin no, nm Bin hnh, thm nm ty phin no l hn trm, tro c, bt tn, gii i, phng dt v Bit cnh tu. c. Ch trng n tng ng vi 19 Tm s, tc mi lm th trn cng thm nim, nh, tu v hn trm. d. Ch trng n tng ng vi 24 Tm s. Tc l bn Cn bn phin no, nm Bin hnh, mi Ty phin no, cng thm nm Bit cnh. . H Php ch trng n tng ng vi 18 Tm s. Tc l bn Cn bn phin no, nm Bin hnh, tm i ty phin no, thm Bit cnh tu. (28). on ny gii thch Mt na tng ng vi th no? C kin cho n tng ng x th, c kin cho n tng ng vi bn th u, lc, h, x. Nhng ng nht l kin cho n ch tng ng vi x th. Mt na cng nh Tng thc khi chuyn y ri th tng ng vi hai mi mt Tm s l nm Bin hnh, nm Bit cnh, mi mt Thin, v X th. Cn tnh ca Mt na khi cha chuyn y l hu ph v k m khi chuyn y th ch l thin tnh. Khi cha chuyn y th ty thc A li da sanh ci a no, n u h thuc theo m chp ng theo ci y, a y. Khi chuyn y th t ti khng cn h thuc. (29). on ny ni n a v khc phc v dt tr Mt na c hai: - Mt l khng c Mt na nhim. l a v A la hn, V hc, cc chng t ln hin hnh Mt na nhim u dt sch. Cn a v khi nhp Dt tn nh th cng tm thi dp tr, nhng khi xut nh th vn cn. Bc Hu hc cng vy, khi c o xut th hin tin th khng c Mt na nhim, khi o xut th khng hin tin th li c. Chn kin tht thy l v ng v hu c tr, u l v lu, nn gi l xut th o; khc vi li tu cn hu ng gi l th gian o. - Hai l c Mt na thanh tnh, v Mt na xuyn sut c a v nhim v khng nhim. Nu c tng ng vi B c gi la ng kin (tc cu sanh ng chp) th t phm phu cho n bc Hu hc, khi khng qun v ng th u c Mt na nhim. Nu n tng ng vi php ng kin, th t phm phu n Thanh vn, Duyn gic v mt hng B tt cha c tr qu php khng, th u c Mt na va nhim va tnh. Nu n tng ng vi Bnh ng tnh tr th ch c Nh Lai. y l Mt na thanh tnh. (30). on ny dn Thnh gio chng minh c thc Mt na ring ngoi by thc kia.

Dn gio chng c hai: 1. Trong nhiu kinh, c Bt gi phn ni n tm, , thc. Theo ngha c bit tri hn th tm c ngha l tp khi; c ngha l t lng; thc c ngha c bit, l liu bit. Cn theo ngha thng ng th tm, , thc u c ba ngha l tp khi, t lng v liu bit. Nh vy ni tc l ch cho thc Mt na. Trong mi trng hp lc no cng c thc Mt na, v khi a v tm hu lu t phm phu, Nh tha Hu hc v B tt trc bt a, th Mt na thng duyn thc A li da, hng thm xt t lng B c gi la, tc nhn ng hay sanh ng chp. a v nhp Dit tn nh v a v c tr qu sanh khng hin tin th Mt na thng duyn thc D thc, hng thm t lng php ng chp. a v B tt a thng khi tr qu sanh khng hin tin, th Mt na duyn thc D thc, hng thm t lng hai v ng, a v Nh Lai th Mt na duyn v cu thc, hng thm t lng hai v ng. Tiu tha th ly tm qu kh lm , tm hin ti lm thc, tm v lai lm tm. Mt tm c ba tn theo ba i. Bt gi phn tc Tc Th Tn. Theo kinh Pht a, su ngha gi l Bt gi phn. a. T ti, vnh vin khng h thuc theo phin no. b. X thnh, la tr mnh lit. c. Danh xng, vin mn mi cng c th diu. d. oan nghim, ba mi hai tng tt. . Ct tng, th gian thn cn, tn thn cng dng. e. Tn qu, pht huy phng tin, li lc hu tnh, khng h gii i. Hoc ph hoi bn ma, gi l Bt gi phn. 2. Trong kinh Gii Thot c tng: "Nhim hng thi, Cng cc hoc sanh dit, Nu gii thot cc hoc, Chng v s c". Nhim y tc l thc Mt na; hng thi tng ng vi bn cn bn phin no l ng si, kin, mn, i. Khi nh c o i tr (qun khng v ng) dt ht phin no th Mt na c gii thot, by gi phin no tng ng vi n chng nhng hin ti khng c, m qu kh v lai cng khng c; v phin no khng c t tnh tht. Do mt nim vng tnh hin ti m cha v lng chng t hoc, nghip, kh qu kh sanh ra v lng hoc nghip, kh trong v lai. Nhng qu kh th mt, v lai th cha n, ch mt st na tm hin ti, tm hin ti thay i khng ngng, u c tht th. - Da vo vng tm m thy c ba i, nu tm tm khng thy c, thi hin ti khng, ba i u c. Ch khi no ngay ti ch ngi hin ti m dt ht vng nim ba i, mi thu t c ba i. Li tm tm khng thy c, th cn hnh tng cch ngi, ngay khi mi phng tiu vong tr sng chiu

khp mi phng, nh C c ni y l ngha cu "Phin no chng c, chng s c". Do o i tr tc tr qun hai khng m thy r phin no vn khng t tnh. khng t sanh, cng khng tha sanh, khng t tha cng sanh, khng v nhn sanh, ch l nhn duyn ha hip h vng c sanh. Ngay khi vng sanh, vn khng trong, khng ngoi, khng trung gian, khng qu kh, khng hin ti, khng v lai, sanh tc v sanh, rt ro khng t tnh. T tnh khng, tha tnh u c, t tha khng, cng tnh u c, ni c sanh cn khng c, hung l ni v nhn sanh. Qun su sc nh vy khng ngng th gii tr s hun tp mi, v chng t nghip hoc t tiu. Cho nn phn quyt trch trong lun Du gi ni: "Hi: Khi dt phin no l x b tri buc (trin, hin hnh) hay x b ty min (chng t phin no)? p: Ch x b ty min, th tri buc ht. Hi: B ty min qu kh, hay ty min hin ti, hay ty min v lai? p: Chng phi dt qu kh, v lai, hin ti, nhng ni ty min ba i dt. V sao? - V nu qu kh c tm ty min th n t dit, tnh n dt, cn dt ci g? Nu v lai c tm ty min, th tnh n vn cha sanh, t th khng c, th s dt ci g? Nu hin ti c tm ty min, th st na n sau bin chuyn, khng tr, khng cn phi dt. Li tm c ty min v tm la ty min, khng ha hp nhau, cho nn hin ti chng phi dt. Nhng do nhn duyn ca chnh php bn ngoi v chn chnh tc bn trong, m c chnh kin pht sanh. Ty khi tm i tr cc hoc b i tr pht ra, m cc tm ty min b i tr dit. Ngay khi tm ny sanh, tm kia dit, bnh ng bnh ng. o i tr sanh, ty min b i tr dit. Khi tm i tr c chnh kin tng ng, th ngay hin ti khng c ty min, m qu kh cng khng c ty min, st na sau tm la ty min, nn i v lai cng khng c ty min. T y c chuyn y, dt ty min, nh ngay trong thn tng tc ny s c c tm thin v k thuc th gian (ngha l iu thin ny cn sanh dit). v tr qu kh, hin ti, v lai u la ty min, cho nn ni ty min ba i u dt". (31). on ny dn chnh l chng minh c thc Mt na ring ngoi by thc kia. Trn l gio chng c hai, y l l chng c su, l: hng hnh v minh, lm duyn sanh thc, t lng gi l , v tm nh sai khc, tri V tng nhim, nhim trong ba thi: a. Hng hnh v minh - L th v minh vi t lm chng ngi chnh tr, n lun c mt khp cc tm thin, c, v k, ni loi d sanh trong mi a v, nn gi l hng hnh. N li l th v minh ch tng ng vi thc Mt na ch khng c cc thc khc, nn cng gi n l bt cng v minh. Gi l "Hng hnh bt cng v minh", khc vi c hnh bt cng v minh, l th v minh ch m l T v ch tng ng vi thc th su. Li v minh c hai th l tng ng v minh, tc v minh cng khi vi tham, sn v.v... v c hnh v minh l v minh khi ring mt mnh n. V minh ni Mt na cng khi vi tham, sn, cng gi l tng ng v minh, nhng v minh ny c bit lun c mt khp ni, nn khng gi l tng ng m gi l hng hnh; cn v minh cng khi vi tham, sn ni thc th su th l tng ng. Nu n khi ring mt mnh th gi l "c hnh" thuc vo bn b loi kin hoc, ch do kin o on. Nu n khi chung vi mi tiu ty phin no th gi l c hnh khng phi ch, thuc vo nm b hoc, phi do kin o v tu o on.

b. Lm duyn sanh thc - Nm thc trc u ly nm cn lm cu hu y, tng thng duyn m pht sanh. Vy thc th su cng phi c ch da lm cu hu y, tng thng duyn mi pht sanh c. Vy cu hu y v tng thng duyn ca thc th su l g, nu khng phi Mt na? c. T lng gi l - Kh kinh ni T lng gi l . Nu khng c Mt na th t lng ny khng c. d. nh v tm sai khc - Trong hai nh v tm l v tng nh ch dit thc th su v Tm s ca n; cn Dit tn nh phi cn dit thm nhim th by. Nu khng c nhim th by th ha ra hai nh ny khng khc g nhau sao? . Tri V tng nhim - Tri V tng dt ht Tm v Tm s ca thc. Nu thc khng cn, Mt na cng khng c th tri V tng l ci cn thuc trong ba ci lun hi, ha ra khng cn nhim na sao? e. nhim sut ba tnh - Trong c ba tm thin, c, v k ca chng sanh u l nhim hu lu, nu khng c Mt na th thin, v k lm sao nhim? Tm li, do gio v l chng minh trn , phi c thc Mt na. S d trong kinh nhiu khi ch ni su thc, l li ni theo li l ty chuyn, tc chuyn l i tha rt ro m ni; cn ni theo l Tiu tha th cha rt ro. Ch theo l rt ro phi c tm thc. (32). on ny ni v thc nng bin th ba, tc l thc liu bit cnh hay su thc trc, gm c ba mi hai cu tng, t cu "Thc nng bin th Ba" ... n cu "Khi ng m, cht ngt", c chia ra lm chn mn gii. - Mn sai bit - Thc nng bin th ba l liu bit cnh thc, cng l su thc, da theo su cn m t tn. Thc da nhn cn pht sanh gi l nhn thc; thc da nh cn pht sanh gi l nh thc v.v... v v n da 6 trn m pht sanh nn cng c th gi l sc thc cho n php thc. Nhng khi c t ti nh Pht th ch nhn thc cng c th duyn ht thy trn, cho nn da trn m t tn sc thc, thanh thc v.v... khng n. Nm trn cng l php nhng khng ni mt thy php m ch ni thy sc, v sc thanh l cuc hn nn ch mi thc duyn, cn php trn l chung, ch c thc mi duyn c. Cn nm ngha: a. Y cn, tc da su cn cu hu. b. Pht cn, t su cn pht ra. c. Thuc cn, l thuc vo cn, cn mnh thy sng, cn hng thy m. d. Tr cn, gip cho cn t r. . Nh cn, duyn ng nh cnh ca cn. Mn t tnh v hnh tng, Su thc u ly vic liu bit lm t tnh v hnh tng. - Cnh c ba l tnh cnh, i cht cnh, c nh cnh.

Tnh cnh cng gi l tht cnh. Cnh c tht, gm c hai; a. Thng ngha tnh cnh hay v cht tnh cnh, tc l chn nh tht tnh. Cnh ny ch do tr chng, ch khng do thc phn bit. b. Th tc tnh cnh hay hu cht tnh cnh l cnh c tht do nhn duyn chng t pht sanh ch khng phi do ch quan phn bit bin hin, nh nm trn ca nm thc duyn, hay nh cnh trong nh. Cnh ny tuy c tht, nhng l tht theo ngha tng i th tc, ch khng phi theo thng ngha th nm cn nm cnh v thc cng ch l gi huyn. Thc th tm v su thc trc duyn c hu cht tnh cnh ny. c nh cnh l cnh nh tng ca ring thc duyn. C hai: a. Hu cht c nh, l cnh lc ny ch ny khng c, nhng lc khc ch khc c. Nh thc hin ti nh li cnh tri qua. b. V cht c nh, l cnh lc ny ch ny khng c, m lc khc ch khc cng khng c, nh lng ra sng th, hay cnh tng tng ca thc ba ra. Khi cha chng chn nh tnh cnh m thc bin ra tng chn nh qun cng thuc cnh v cht c nh ny. i cht cnh, l cnh thc bin c mang theo cht liu bn ngoi. C hai: a. Chn i cht, l cnh ly tm duyn tm, nh thc duyn ht thy Tm, Tm s, Mt na duyn kin phn bt. b. T i cht, l ly tm duyn sc. Cnh ny ch l cnh ca c u thc, l ci tng m thc gn thm ln trn s vt. Nh phn bit ci bn, ci gh, mt ch thy hin sc, hnh sc; thn ch ng chm cng, trn; mi ch ngu thy mi g v.v... th l c u thc li thy l ci bn. Trong khi thy tng ci bn, tng vn mang theo hin sc, hnh sc v.v... cho nn gi l i cht. - Mn ba tnh - L thin, c, v k. Su thc u c . Nhng c kin cho nm thc c ba tnh l do thc o dn. (33). - Mn Tm s tng ng - thc th su c nm mi mt Tm s tng ng. l nm Bin hnh, nm Bit cnh, mi mt Thin, su Cn bn phin no, 20 Ty phin no v bn Bt nh. Cn nm thc th tng ng 34 th Tm s l nm Bin hnh, nm Bit cnh, mi mt Thin, hai Trung ty, tm i ty, v Tham, Sn, Si. Cc Tm v Tm s u l php duyn sanh. N u c tng quan vi nhiu pha, nn sau khi lun gii thch danh ngha cc Tm, Tm s, tip theo cn phn bit mt tng quan khc ca n, gi l phn bit cc mn. Nh mn ty cnh lp danh, mn cu sanh hoc phn bit khi, mn t loi tng ng, mn cng cc thc khi, mn tng ng cc th, mn ba tnh, mn hc v.v... (34). Mi chn nh - Chn nh l tht tnh ca tt c php. Khng h vng l chn; khng bin i l nh. Th nht bin hnh chn nh. Bin hnh ngha l c mt khp mi php. Chn nh vn khng c hai, c ba hung g c mi? S d chia c mi chn nh l ty ch chng ng cn su sai khc m chia. Bin thnh chn nh l chnh, tc ni tnh chn nh bin khp cc php. Chn nh ng ngha vi ch "v vi" cc ni khc ni. Nh kinh Kim Cang ni: "Nht thit Hin Thnh u do chng ng v vi cn su m chia ra nhiu a v sai khc".

(35) Ch Duy thc nguyn ch Phn l Vijnptimtrat. Vijnpti Tu dch m l T nh , dch ngha l Thc. Ch Mtrata Tu dch m l Ma t lt a, dch ngha l Duy. Thc l liu bit, nhn bit. Liu l liu tri, bit l bit chnh cnh. Tc liu tri mi mi cnh ring bit, nh nhn thc liu tri sc, nh thc liu tri thanh v.v... Thc, ni mt cch tng qut l gm nm v tc nm mt: 1. Thc t tng, tc tm thc Tm vng. 2. Thc tng ng, tc su v Tm s. 3. Thc s bin, tc hai phn Kin v Tng. 4. Thc phn v tc hai mi bn gi php Bt tng ng hnh, chng ch l gi tng sai bit gia Sc v Tm. 5. Thc thc hnh, tc chn l, chn nh tht tnh ca bn th trn. Nh vy Thc tht tnh l l, cn bn th trn l s. Nm v php ny l bao qut ht thy php th gian, xut th gian, hu vi v vi, hu lu v lu. Chng u khng la thc, u l biu hin ca thc, nn gi l Duy thc. Mi mi hu tnh t v th vn c tm thc, su v Tm s, cc php s l nh vy. Chng ch hin hu c trn thc, ngoi thc ra th khng c hin hu no ht, v ngoi thc ra th ta khng th bit c g c, nu ta tng tng c mt hin tng g ngoi thc, th n cng l thc bin, v n l tng ca thc tng tng ra. Duy c ba ngha: 1. Ngha gin tr: gin l gin bit, kn chn b i c tnh ph nh, gi thuyn. B i ci g? B i hai chp ng v php tht c. Tr l gi ly, c tnh khng nh, biu thuyn. Gi ly ci g? Gi ly thc tng Y tha khi v thc tnh Vin thnh tht. Cc php Y tha duyn khi l tng ca thc. Hai khng (ng khng, php khng) hin l Vin thnh tht tnh l tnh ca Thc. 2. Ngha quyt nh: Lun Bin Trung Bin ni: "Th trung nh hu khng, b dic hu th" ngha l trong thc tng Y tha duyn khi thuc tc s ny quyt nh c thc tnh do hai khng hin l thuc chn l kia, v chn khng la tc m c, ngc li, trong chn l hai khng kia quyt nh c tc s Y tha duyn khi ny, v tc khng th la chn m c. Nh vy "Thc" va c ngha gi v biu. "Gi"th ngn chn, loi tr ng v php tht c ngoi thc. "Biu" th biu th thc tng Y tha khi v thc tnh Vin thnh tht. S v l, tc v chn hai mt quyt nh gn lin vi nhau ca thc.

3. Ngha hin thng: Thng l hn, l th thng, nhm ch cho thc Tm vng hn l cho thc Tm s mi khi ni Duy thc. Khi ni Duy thc l ch ni Duy thc Tm vng. Torng ba ngha trn, trong Duy thc thng ch dng ngha th nht. (Ch thch s 35 ny l da theo li gii thch ca Thi H i S).

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BA MI BI TNG DUY THC

1. Do gi ni ng php, C tng ng php chuyn. Chng nng thc bin hin. Thc bin hin c ba. 2. L D thc, T lng, V thc Liu bit cnh. u, Thc A li da D thc, Nht thit chng. 3. Khng th bit chp th, X, liu, tng ng, xc, Tc , th, tng, t. V ch c x th. 4. Tnh v ph v k, Xc, thy cng nh th, Hng chuyn nh dng nc. A la hn, b ht. 5. Thc bin hin th hai, Gi l thc Mt na. Nng kia chuyn, duyn kia, T lng lm tnh tng. 6. Tng ng bn phin no, L ng si, ng kin, V ng mn, ng i, Cng tm s Bin hnh. 7. Tnh hu ph v k, Sanh theo A li da. Chng La hn, Dit nh, Xut th o, khng cn.

8. Thc bin hin th ba, Sai bit c su th, Tnh tng l bit cnh, Thin, bt thin, v k. 9. Cng tm s Bin hnh, Bit cnh, Thin, Phin no, Ty phin no, Bt nh. u tng ng ba Th. 10. Trc l Bin hnh: xc Tip, l Bit cnh: dc, Thng gii, nim, nh, tu. Cnh s duyn khng ng. 11. Thin l tn, tm, qu, Khng tham, khng sn si, Sing, an, khng phng dt, Hnh x v khng hi. 12. Phin no l tham, sn, Si, mn, nghi, c kin. Ty phin no l phn, Hn, ph, no, tt, xan, 13. Di, nnh v hi, kiu, Khng h v khng thn, Tro c vi hn trm, Khng tin cng gii i, 14. Phng dt v tht nim, Tn lon, khng chnh tri. Bt nh l hi, min. Tm, t hai u hai. 15. Nng da cn bn thc, Nm thc theo duyn hin, ng thi khi, hoc khng, Nh sng mi nng nc. 16. thc thng hin khi, Tr sanh tri V tng V hai nh v tm, Khi ng say, cht ngt. 17. Cc thc y chuyn bin,

Phn bit, b phn bit, Do kia, y u khng, Nn ht thy Duy thc. 18. Do thc Nht thit chng, Bin nh vy nh vy, V nng lc trin chuyn, Kia kia, phn bit sanh. 19. Do tp kh cc nghip, Cng tp kh hai th, Thn D thc trc ht. Li sanh D thc khc. 20. Do bin k n kia, Bin k chng chng vt, Bin k s chp ny, T tnh ton khng c. 21. Nn n cng Y tha, Chng khc chng khng khc. Nh tnh v thng thy, Thy y, mi thy kia. 23. Chnh nng ba tnh ny, Lp ba v tnh kia. Nn Pht "mt " ni: "Ht thy php khng tnh". 24. Trc l "Tng khng tnh", K, "Khng t nhin tnh". Sau, do la tnh trc, L tnh chp ng php. 25. y, thng ngha cc php, Cng tc l chn nh; V thng nh tnh n, Tc thc tnh Duy thc. 26. Cho n cha khi thc. Cu tr tnh Duy thc. i hai th ty min, Cn cha th phc dit. 27. Hin tin lp cht vt, Cho l tnh Duy thc.

V cn c s c, Cha thc tr Duy thc. 28. Khi i cnh s duyn, Tr khng s c g, By gi tr Duy thc, Do la tng hai th. 29. Khng c, chng ngh ngh L tr xut th gian. V b hai th trng, Chng c hai chuyn y. 30. y, tc gii v lu, Chng ngh ngh, thin, thng. An lc, thn gii thot, i Mu ni php thn. Trong 30 bi tng ny, 24 bi u l ni r Tng Duy thc. Bi th 25, ni r Tnh Duy thc. Nm bi sau cht ni nm hnh v tu chng. Trong 24 bi u, mt bi ri u lc bin Tng Duy thc; hai mi hai bi ri tip theo rng bin Tng Duy thc.

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