Munir Commission Report-14: ACTIVITIES OF THE ULAMA AND THEIR INTERVIEWS WITH TH E PRIME MINISTER AND THE CHIEF

MINISTER The first person to draw the attention of the Prime Minister, Khwaja Nazim-ud-Di n, to the seriousness of the Qadiani movement was Qazi Ehsan Ahmad Shujabadi. Op position of Qadianiyyat appears to be this mans sole interest in life and he carr ies wherever he goes a large wooden box full of Ahmadiya and anti-Ahmadiya liter ature.

Every calamity, catastrophe or other unfortunate event that falls to Pakistan or to anyone else, including such events as the assassination of the Quaid-i-Milla t and the air crashes, not to speak of more important political events, is alway s ascribed by Shujabadi to the machinations of the Ahmadis. In March 1950 Shujab adi succeeded in persuading another divine of Karachi, Maulana Ehtisham-ul-Haq T hanvi, to go to Khwaja Nazim-ud-Din and to apprise him of the great discontent a nd indignation that prevailed against the Ahmadis in the country. They both went to Khwaja Nazim-ud-Din and saw him on 3rd March 1950, Shujabadi carrying his wo oden box with him. He brought out from this box some Qadiani literature perusal of which horrified Khwaja Nazim-ud-Din.

It has been already mentioned that the demands against the Ahmadis were formulat ed by the ulama some time in June 1952 in Karachi and on 13th July 1952 in Lahor e when a Majlis-i-Amal was constituted to devise measures to secure acceptance o f the demands. One of the methods adopted by the members of Majlis-i-Amal was to wait upon Khwaja Nazim-ud-Din, the Prime Minister, and to convince him of the j ustice of the demands. The first interview with the Prime Minister was by Maulan a Akhtar Ali Khan sometime in July, 1952, when he happened to be in Karachi in c onnection with, a press conference. The Maulana mentioned, the demands to the Pr ime Minister and watched his reaction. The Maulana has produced a memorandum, Ex . D. E. 16, and claims that this contains exactly what the Prime Minister said t o him:

Mujhe mulk ke jazabat aur ihsasat ka pura ilm hai. Main janta hun keh Musalman ki ya ckahte hain lekin main unhen kahunga keh hukumat unke jazabat ka pura pura ih tram karti hai, lekin unke mutalibat ko pura karne ke raste men kuchh aini dushwa rian hain. Un dushwarion, ko dur karne men kuchh waqt lage-ga. Isliye Musalmanon ko tawaqquf aur itminan se kam lena chahiye, Aman aur qanun ko barqarar rakhne men hukumat se, taawun karna chahiye. Ham jo bhi faisala karen-ge woh Musalmanon ko qabil-i-qabul ho ga. Ap-ne kaha keh ye faisala ulama-i-karam ki ain marzi ke m utabiq hoga. Meri hukumat 14 August ko bunyadi Hikmat-iamli ka ilan kar-degi. Muj he ummid hai keh yeh wazahat mulk ki rai ama ko mutmain kar-degi.

(TRANSLATION)

I am fully alive to the feelings and sentiments of the country. I know what the M usalmans want. I wish to tell them that the Government fully respects their sent iments, but there are certain constitutional difficulties in the way of acceptan ce of their demands. It will take some time to remove those difficulties. The Mu salmans should, therefore, wait and be calm. They should co-operate with the Gov ernment in maintaining law and order. Whatever we decide, shall be acceptable to

the Musalmans. He said, That decision will be exactly in accord with the wishes of the ulama also. My Government will announce its basic policy on the 14th of A ugust. I hope that this clarification will satisfy the public opinion.

Khwaja Nazim-ud-Dins account of what transpired at this interview is different.

He has stated that all that he said to Maulana Akhtar Ali Khan was that he would deal with this question in his speech on the Pakistan Day on 14th August. On re turn from Karachi Maulana Akhtar Ali Khan published in bold headlines in the Zami ndar of 4th August that the policy of the Central Government regarding the Qadian is would be announced by the Prime Minister in his speech on the Pakistan Day an d that the announcement would be in accordance with the shariat and the wishes of the ulama. The Maulana wrongly stated in this news item that he had led a deput ation of khatm-i-nubuwwat movement in his interview with the Prime Minister, the fact being that the Maulana had gone to Karachi as a member of some press confe rence and had seen Khwaja Nazim-ud-Din in that connection together with some oth er members of that conference, and the subject of Ahmadis happened to be mention ed only incidentally.

A deputation of Master Taj-ud-Din Ansari, Maulana Abul Hasanat Muhammad Ahmad, M aulana Murtaza Ahmad Khan Maikash, Sheikh Husam-ud-Din, Maulana Ehtisham-ul-Haq Thanvi and Maulana Abdul Haamid Badayuni met the Prime Minister in Karachi on 13 th August and presented to him a written memorandum, stating the grievances agai nst the Ahmadis and the following demands in respect of them:

(1) That the Ahmadis be declared a minority; (2) That Chaudhri Zafrullah Khan he removed from the office of Foreign Minister; and (3) That the Ahmadis be removed from key posts in the State.

Khwaja Nazim-ud-Din said that he was just then busy in some engagements for the following day, which was the Pakistan Day, and that he did not have enough time to discuss the matter. He suggested that the deputationists could come to him af ter he was free from his engagements for the Pakistan Day. In his broadcast on t he Pakistan Day the Prime Minister did not say one word about the Ahmadis or the demands against them. On the contrary, that speech contained a veiled reference to, and denunciation of false rumours in newspapers and to internal disruptive elements which, if not checked, were likely to disintegrate the country.

On the same day, however, the Central Government issued the following cryptic co mmunique:

The Government of Pakistan have decided that no member of any Provincial or Feder al Council of Ministers should use his official position in propagating any sect

arian creed among those persons who come in contact with him. Every Governor is being asked to communicate this decision to all the Ministers concerned, and it is hoped that no Minister will in future depart from this rule.

The Government of Pakistan have received frequent complaints that certain officia ls of the Central and Provincial Governments belonging to a particular sect abus e their official position in propagating their sectarian creed among their subor dinates and other persons who come in contact with them in their official capaci ty. The Government take a serious view of this matter and have accordingly decid ed to stop this undesirable activity at once and to prohibit in future the propa gation of any sectarian creed in this objectionable manner.

The Government Service Conduct Rules are being amended in this behalf.

The Government wish to make it known that drastic action will be taken against an y person who offends against this rule, irrespective of the sect to which he may belong. The Provincial and State Governments in Pakistan have also been asked t o take similar action.

Since this communique was generally understood to be directed against Chaudhri Z afrullah Khan and other Ahmadi officers, Chaudhri Zafrullah Khan immediately iss ued the following press statement:

I, as a Muslim, am a passionate believer in accordance with the teaching of Islam as set out in the Holy Quran and illustrated in the life of the Holy Prophet in the freedom of conscience. In my view the exercise of official pressure or influ ence is just as much interference with freedom of conscience as direct persecuti on or coercion. On the other hand it is a duty inculcated by Islam upon every Mu slim that he should, both by example and precept, illustrate the teachings of Is lam in his life. It is a duty which the Muslims during their period of decline h ave sadly neglected with consequences affecting their individual and national li ves which are only too glaring.

My own beliefs have never been a matter of secrecy for those who have known me, w hether personally or by repute, though recently persistent attempts have been ma de in certain quarters to distort them and to misrepresent them. As I have said above I consider it dishonest and wholly opposed to the teachings of Islam that a person should use his official position or authority, whether directly or indi rectly, to impose his own religious views upon others or to force or persuade an y person by use of such influence or authority to abjure what he believes in. Th is is widely taught and accepted in the community to which I have the honour to belong and I would be most surprised and deeply pained, if I found that any pers on belonging to that community acted in contravention of this wholesome principl e.

It is true that our views and doctrines are propagated as widely as our very limi

ted resources permit. This is done in discharge of the obligation resting upon a ll right-thinking people to endeavour earnestly and continuously to propagate by word and conduct what they sincerely believe to be the truth so that righteousn ess and beneficence may be widely spread and established. To have recourse to an ything which would savour of pressure or coercion or the employment of unfair me ans would defeat the very object itself. The person in respect of whom any such method is employed is bound to react adversely and to feel that he is not being invited freely and cheerfully to study, ponder and reflect over fundamental trut hs but is being sought to be dragooned into outward profession of acceptance of creed which his conscience rejects.

There is another aspect of the matter. Members of a community which is itself the subject of misrepresentation and even persecution at the hands of a certain sec tion of those who claim to be the overwhelming majority cannot afford to have re course to such methods. While they are denounced and held up to ridicule and hat red for what they do not profess and have not done they cannot hope to escape pu nishment and severe condemnation if they in their turn would begin to adopt and use methods which are contrary not only to Islam but to good sense itself and wo uld defeat the very purpose in view.

I welcome the announcement made on behalf of the Government which I hope will be taken to heart by all sections of the people of Pakistan and would help to resto re an atmosphere of calmness, serenity, reflection and wide tolerance in all mat ters pertaining to faith and conscience.

Faith and belief are the sublimest subjects with which the human mind may be conc erned and by which it may be swayed. In this sphere the moat scrupulous caution is necessary lest in the eyes of God any of us should become guilty of seeking t o make a man declare that he believes in something which his conscience does not accept or that he has ceased to believe in something which his heart and consci ence are passionately devoted to. Any person who indulges in any such activity, whether he is a Minister, an official or an individual in private life, is seeki ng to manufacture hypocrites and not sincere believers.

The same members of Majlis-i-Amal who had met Khwaja Nazim-ud-Din on 13th August again waited on him on 16th August. Sardar Abdur Rab Nishtar, Mr. Gurmani and M r. Fazl-ur-Rahman were also present in this meeting. The outcome of the intervie w was distinctly disappointing for the deputationists. Khwaja Nazim-ud-Din said that the question whether Ahmadis should be declared a non-Muslim minority was f or the Constituent Assembly and that he was not willing to make any move in that direction.

Chaudhri Zafrullah Khan, he said, had been appointed by the Quaid-i-Azam himself and therefore he would not remove him. As regards the removal of Ahmadi officer s from key posts, he pointed out that the deputationists will have to make out a case on the merits. And the grievances in the matter of Rabwah, he concluded, c ould be represented to the Provincial Government.

Maulana Abul Hasanat Sayyad Muhammad Ahmad Qadri, Maulana Murtaza Ahmad Khan Mai kash, Sheikh Husam-ud-Din and Maulana Daud Ghaznavi met the Chief Minister of th e Punjab on 29th September 1952 and placed before him their grievances against t he Ahmadis, including the grant of land for an exclusively Ahmadiya colony at Ra bwah, improper allotments, and what the deputationists considered an ammunition scandal. The Chief Minister promised to look into the matter.

ALL PAKISTAN MUSLIM PARTIES CONVENTION

We have already mentioned that after Chaudhri Zafrullah Khans speech in Jehangir Park, Karachi, in May 1952, a meeting of ulama belonging to different schools wa s held in Karachi on 2nd Jane, in which the demands against the Ahmadis were for mulated and a board of ulama appointed. A meeting of this Board was held on 15th August which was attended on special invitation by Sheikh Husam-ud-Din, Maulana

Abul Hasanat Sayyad Muhammad Ahmad, Master Taj-ud-Din Ansari and Maulana Murtaza Ahmad Khan Maikash who were members of a deputation which had come from the Pun jab. The Board decided to call an All Pakistan Muslim Parties Convention for 15t h, 16th and 17th September. It appears that no steps were taken to call the Conv ention in September and some of the members of the Board began to show signs of impatience.

A meeting of the Board was held on 15th December 1952, which was attended on spe cial invitation by Sheikh Husam-ud-Din, Sayyad Muzaffar Ali Shamsi and Sayyad Mu nawwar Ali Shah, but there is no record of the decisions taken.

On 23rd December 1952 Maulana Daud Ghaznavi addressed a letter to Maulana Ehtish am-ul-Haq complaining of the delay in calling the Convention and impressing upon him the necessity of doing so as early as possible. He stated in that letter th at if there were some financial difficulties in making the arrangements, the Pun jab Majlis-i-Amal was willing to undertake the entire financial responsibility. Maulana Muhammad Shafi also wrote to Maulana Ehtisham-ul-Haq on 22nd October 195 2 in the same strain as Maulana Daud Ghaznavi and suggested that the Convention should be called for a date during the days that the ulama would be in Karachi i n connection with an ulama conference which was meeting to consider the proposal s of the Basic Principles Committee. Consequently invitations were issued on 11t h December 1952 by the convener Maulana Ehtisham-ul-Haq for a meeting of the All Pakistan Muslim Parties Convention on 16th, 17th and 18th January 1952.

There is some difference between the versions of the Majlis-i-Amal and the Ahrar on the one side and the Jamaat-i-Islami and Maulana Abul Ala Maudoodi on the oth er as to what happened during the deliberations of this Convention. According to the written statement of Majlis-i-Amal, a meeting of the Convention was held af ter Friday prayers on 16th January 1953 which was attended by the leading ulama of Pakistan and in which the question of Ahmadiyyat was discussed and a Subjects Committee formed. The written statement mentions the names of the following ula ma who attended it:

(1) Maulana Abul Ala Maudoodi, President, Jamaat-i-Islami, Lahore. (2) Haji Muhammad Amin, Amir-i-Jamaat-i-Najia. (3) Khalifa Haji Tarangzai from Peshawar. (4) Hazrat Pir Sarsina Sharif, Amir, Hizbullah, Dacca, Bengal. (5) Maulana Raghib Ahsan, M.A., Dacca. (8) Maulana Aziz-ur-Rahman, Nazim, Hizbullah, Dacca, (7) Maulana Athar Ali, Dacca. (8) Maulana Sakhawat-ul-Ambiyya, Dacca. (9) Maulana Muhammad Yusuf Banoori, Sadar Mudarris, Dar-ul-Uloom, Tando Allah Ya r. (10) Maulana Shams-ul-Haq, Wazir-i-Muarif, Kalat. (11) Maulana Ibrahim Mir Sialkoti. (12) Maulana Ahmad Ali, Sadr, Jamiat-ul-Ulama-i-Islam, Sheranwala Gate, Lahore. (13) Maulana Muhammad Hasan, Jami Ashrafia, Nila Gumbad, Lahore. (14) Maulana Muhammad Idris, Sadr Mudarris, Jami Ashrafia, Nila Gumbad, Lahore. (15) Maulana Zafar Ahmad Usmani, Secretary, Talimat-i-Islami Board, Karachi. (16) Maulana Sayyad Suleman Nadvi, President, Talimat-i-Islami Board, Karachi. (17) Maulana Muhammad Shafi, Mufti-i-Deoband, Member, Talimat-i-Islami Board, Kar achi. (18) Maulana Sultan Ahmad, Amir-i-Jamaat-i-Islami, Karachi and Sind. (19) Maulana Mufti Sahib Dad Khan, Arabic Teacher, Sind Madrisa, Karachi. (20) Maulana Abdul Haamid Badayuni, President, Jamiat-ul-Ulama-i-Karachi and Sind . (21) Maulana Muhammad Yusuf Calcuttvi, President, Jamiat-i-Ahl-i-Hadith, Karachi. (22) Maulana Muhammad Ismail, Nazim-i-Jamiat-i-Ahl-i-Hadith. (23) Maulana Sayyad Daud Ghaznavi, M. L. A., President, Jamiat-i-Ahl-i-Hadith., M aghribi Pakistan. (24) Maulvi Muhammad Ali Jullundri, General Secretary, Majlis-i-Ahrar, Punjab, M ultan. (25) Maulana Sayyad Ata Ullah Shah Bukhari, Amir-i-Shariat. (26) Maulana Mateen, Nazim, Jamiat-ul-Ulama-i-Islam, Karachi. (27) Maulana Ehtisham-ul-Haq, Convener, All Muslim Parties Convention, Karachi.

(28) Maulana Abul Hasanat Sayyad Muhammad Ahmad Qadri, President, Jamiat-ul-Ulama -i-Pakistan and President of Majlis-i-Amal.

After the maghrib prayers on 17th January 1953, a meeting of the Subjects Commit tee was held and on the 18th January the second meeting of the Convention came o ff, in which the following resolutions were passed:

(1) That since, in view of the attitude of Khwaja Nazim-ml-Din, Prime Minister o f Pakistan, there is no hope of the demands in respect of the Mirzais being acce pted, the All Muslim Parties Convention comes to the conclusion that in the circ umstances rast iqdam has become inevitable to secure acceptance of the demands.

(2) That since the Government is not prepared to declare the Mirzais a non-Musli m minority, it has become necessary to adopt means to exclude the Mirzai sect fr om Millat-i-Islamia and one of these means is completely to boycott this sect.

(3) That since the demand for the removal of Sir Zafrullah Khan, the Mirzai fore ign Minister, has not yet been conceded, the Convention demands the resignation of Khwaja Nazim-ud-Din, so that the Muslims of Pakistan should be able to follow and preserve their religious beliefs and Islamic traditions.

(4) That in order to give a practical shape to the demands mentioned above, the Convention proposes that it should make leading Musalmans and the representative s of different religious parties members of the General Council.

(5) That the General Council should elect fifteen of its members as members of t he Council of Action.

(6) That the General Council elects the following eight as members of the Counci l of Action:

(1) Maulana Sayyad Abul Hasanat Muhammad Ahmad Qadri; (2) Amir-i-Shariat Sayyad Ata Ullah Shah Bukhari; (3) Maulana Abul Ala Maudoodi; (4) Maulana Abdul Haamid Badayuni; (5) Hafiz Kifayat Husain; (6) Maulana Ehtisham-ul-Haq Thanvi;

(7) Abu Saleh Muhammad Jafar, Pir of Sarsina Sharif, East Pakistan; and (8) Maulana Muhammad Yusuf Calcuttvi; and authorises these members to co-opt the remaining seven members. (7) The Council of Action is authorised to chalk out a programme of action to ha ve the demands accepted. (8) The Council of Action is directed that before adopting any practical program me it should organise a representative deputation to wait on the Central Governm ent and to apprise it of the final decision of the people.

This deputation will have the authority to give further time to the Cabinet for a final reply.

After the maghrib prayers the same day, a meeting of the eight members of the Co uncil of ction was held and the following seven members were co-opted:

(1) Pir Ghulam Majaddid Sarhaddi; (2) Maulana Nur-ul-Hasan; (3) Master Taj-ud-Din Ansari; (4) Maulana Akhtar Ali Khan; (5) Maulana Ismail Gujranwalvi; (6) Sahibzada Faiz-ul-Hasan; and (7) Haji Muhammad Amin Sarhaddi.

In the same meeting, the Majlis-i-Amal organised a deputation to wait on Khwaja Nazimud-Din. Accordingly, a deputation led by Maulana Abdul Haamid Badayuni and consisting of (1) Pir Sahib of Sarsina Sharif, (2) Sayyad Muzaffar Ali Shamsi, S ecretary, Idarah-i-Tahaffuz-i-Huquq-I-Shia, Lahore, and (3) Master Taj-ud-Din An sari, President, Majlis-i-Ahrar, met Khwaja Nazim-ud-Din on 22nd January 1953. K hwaja Sahib expressed sympathy with the demands but showed his inability to acce pt them.

The written statement of the Majlis-i-Ahrar is to the same effect, except that, according to it, the deputation was organised on 16th January which met Khwaja N azimud- Din on 21st January. This written statement further alleges that a meeti ng of the eight elected members was fixed for the evening of 18th January and th at during the day, at a dinner arranged by a friend of Mufti Muhammad Shafi, Mau lana Abul Ala Maudoodi informed the other members that he would not be able to a ttend the evening session, because he had to complete the amendments to the prop osed constitutional proposals and on the next morning he had to go to Lahore. He suggested that the elected members could meet in the evening and co-opt the rem aining seven members. Another point on which the written statement of the Ahrar

differs is that Master Taj-ud-Din Ansari was substituted not for Maulana Muhamma d Yusuf Calcuttvi but for Maulana Athar Ali of Bengal.

The version of Jamaat-i-Islami is as follows:

In January 1953, a convention represented by thirty-three leading ulama of all s hades of opinion was held in Karachi to consider constitutional recommendations of the Basic Principles Committee. Immediately after this convention an All Paki stan Muslim Parties Convention was called to consider the situation arising out of the Tahaffuz-i-Khatm-i-Nubuwwat movement. Maulana Abul Ala Maudoodi also took part in this Convention and proposed in the Subjects Committee that as the ulam a had included the Qadiani problem among the amendments suggested by them to the Basic Principles Committees Report, no separate action on that score was now cal led for. After a long discussion this proposal of the Maulana was accepted. Unfo rtunately, however, it was not allowed to be moved in the open session on accoun t of a technical ruling given by the Chairman of the meeting. Failing in this ef fort, the Maulana moved that a Central Majlisi-Amal be formed and that this body should be made the sole authority for laying down a programme to have the Qadia ni problem solved constitutionally and that no other organisation or individual should be allowed to deal with that problem. Unfortunately again, the personnel of the Majlis-i-Amal was not completed and thus the proposed Majlis did not form ally come into existence. In the opinion of the Jamaat, therefore, all the activi ties of the member organisations of the Convention from the 17th January to 26th February 1953 were without constitutional sanction and, ultra vires. The deputa tion, which waited on the Prime Minister of Pakistan on the 22nd January and del ivered the direct action ultimatum, was similarly unauthorised and, in any case, it did not represent the Convention correctly. The one-month notice which this deputation gave to the Prime Minister was without any authorisation from any con stitutional body. The Jamaat through its Amir, Maulana Abul Ala Maudoodi, strongl y criticised these unconstitutional steps and demanded of the Majlis-i-Amal of t he Punjab on the 13th of February 1953 that a meeting of the Central Majlis-i-Am al be called immediately and all other activities in the matter stopped. This wa s done first through Malik Nasarullah Khan Aziz and again through him and Mian T ufail Muhammad, General Secretary of the Jamaat. On the 19th February 1953, the S ecretary of the Jamaat issued directions to the members not to sign the forms whi ch were being circulated by the Majlis-i-Amal for enrolment of volunteers for di rect action. He also made it clear that unless the Central Majlis-i-Amal sanctio ned any programme, no one belonging to the Jamaat should take part in these activ ities. In fact, two members were expelled from the Jamaat for violating these ins tructions. On the 26th February, the first meeting of the Central Majlis-i-Amal took place in Karachi in which the Maulana through his representative, Maulana S ultan Ahmad, Amir-i-Jamaat-i-Islami, Karachi and Sind, made it clear that, as the direct action programme had been decided upon in an unconstitutional manner, al l activities in connection with it should be stopped and only the orders of the Central Majlis-i-Amal in this respect be acted upon.

Maulana Sultan Ahmad was authorised to dissociate Jamaat-i-Islami from the Centra l Majlis-i-Amal if Maulanas proposal was not agreed to. It is an irony of fate th at instead of somebody listening to reason, the Central Majlis-i-Amal itself was dissolved and an entirely new direct action committee formed which started dire ct action on the next day.

The Jamaat-i-Islami as such was not a member of this new or any other direct acti on committee, nor was any individual belonging to the Jamaat allowed to enrol him self as a direct-action worker. The Maulana made it quite obvious to everybody b y his orders and by his action in expelling two of the members of the Jamaat for an alleged disobedience of his order that the Jamaat did not believe in or suppor t the direct action in any manner and had completely dissociated itself from suc h activities.

According to the written statement of Maulana Abul Ala Maudoodi, the Ahrar start ed agitation over the Qadiani question in May 1952. The view of the Jamaat-i-Isla mi at that time was that the demand for the declaration of Qadianis as a minorit y was right but that since the constitution was in the making it was not right f or the Musalmans to divert their attention to any unconstitutional agitation and that all efforts should be concentrated on having a truly Islamic constitution passed and to have the question of Qadianis settled in the making of the constit ution itself. This view of the Jamaat was expressed in the Majlis-i-Shuras resolut ion of 8th July 1952. The Ahrar convened in July 1952 a convention of all religi ous parties and an invitation for it was also received by the Jamaat-i-Islami whi ch deputed Maulana Amin Ahsan Islahi and Malik Nasarullah Khan Aziz to join that convention and to present the view of the Jamaat. At the convention a Majlis-i-A mal was formed and two seats on it were offered to the Jamaat-i-Islami but the Ja maat did not accept them. Maulana Abul Ala Maudoodi was one of the thirty-three u lama who had gathered in Karachi in January 1953 to consider the Basic Principle s Committees Report. One of the amendments to that Report was that the Qadianis s hould be included among the minorities for whom separate seats were to be reserv ed by separate election. In the middle of January was held an All Muslim Parties Convention in Karachi the object of which was to consider the question of Tahaf fuz-i-Khatm-i-Nubuwwat. The proposal to form a Central Majlis-i-Amal was moved b y Maulana Abul Ala Maudoodi himself but no meeting of the Majlis-i-Amal was held till 26th February.

The seven members were not duly co-opted and, therefore, all the proceedings tak en by the member parties of the Convention from 17th January to the 27th Februar y were invalid, including the formation of the deputation which waited on the Pr ime Minister on the 23rd January, the delivery of the one-month notice to him, t he subsequent announcement of direct action and the steps actually taken in the Punjab in connection with the direct action. The Maulana protested against these irregularities at a meeting of the Punjab Majlis-i-Amal held on 13th February a t Lahore by means of written objections sent by him through Malik Nasarullah Kha n Aziz and demanded that a meeting of the Central Majlis-i-Amal be called and al l proceedings suspended in the meanwhile. On this, it was decided that a meeting of the Central Majlis-i-Amal should be called for 17th February but no meeting was held and the Maulana again objected in writing before the Majlis-i-Amal thro ugh Mian Tufail Muhammad and Malik Nasarullah Khan Aziz. The meeting of the Cent ral Majlis-i-Amal was then held on 26th February. At this meeting, Maulana Sutla n Ahmad, Amir-i-Jamaat-i-Islami, Karachi and Sind, was present on behalf of the J amaat and he was asked by the Maulana to communicate his written objections to th e irregularities and to recall the programme of direct action. Maulana Sultan Ah mad was further directed that if the Central Majlis-i-Amal did not agree, he sho uld dissociate the Jamaat from the proceedings. But at Karachi, the Central Majli s-i-Amal itself was abolished and was replaced by a direct action committee whic h announced direct action on the following day. No member of the Jamaat-i-Islami was a member of this direct action committee. The Jamaat in a resolution of the M ajlis-i-Shura, which was held on the 4th/5th March, dissociated itself from the direct action. The rest of the written statement of the Maulana is the same as t hat of the Jamaat. Thus there is an issue between the Majlis-i-Amal, Punjab, and

the Ahrar on the one side and the Jamaat-i-Islami and Maulana Abul Ala Maudoodi o n the other whether Jamaat-i-Islami was a party to the direct action resolution a nd to the subsequent action taken in pursuance of that resolution. We have at th e present stage merely stated the points of difference between the two contendin g parties and when we come to deal with the question of responsibility we shall discuss the whole evidence on this part of the case in order to determine the qu estion of the extent to which the Jamaat-i-Islami is responsible for the disturba nces which came as a sequel to the direct action resolution and programme. URL: http://newageislam.com/NewAgeIslamBooksAndDocuments_1.aspx?ArticleID=2613

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COMMENTS Muhammad Elijah It shows that our ulema are not even able to agree on a definition of who a lim is. Justice Munir had called heads of all Islamic schools of thought and ed them the definition of a Muslim. No two ulema agreed. It also exposes the illanimity of our so-called scholars of Islam and their near-total disregard the beauty and generosity of Islam. Assalamu AlaikumWaRahamatullaahiWaBarakaatuh Brother Sultan

Mus ask pus of

To be honest you suffer from the same disease which afflicts the majority of edu cated Muslims and which explains the fact that so many educated Muslims are Ghul am Ahmadis, Munkireen of Hadith and Murtads. This attitude of intellectual arrog ance and intellectual underestimation of Ulama which leads Muslims to the abovem entioned Bid aat and Kufr. Never has the educated Muslims tried to understand th e Ulama. Ghulam Ahmadis, Munkireen of Hadith and Murtads thrive on the common d enominator of the hatred of Ulama. Ulama to me are the last remaining guardian s of the Islam of Rasool(sall Allaahu alaihi wasallam) and His As-haab(radi All aahu anhum). They are the sole protagonists of Ahlus Sunnah wal Jamaa ah(People of Sunnah and Jamaa ah)-the Aqeedah on which the Fuqahaa Arba ah(Four Fuqahaa) died. William Chittick rightly describes this attitude as antitraditionalism in this a rticle http://www.allamaiqbal.com/publications/journals/review/oct98/2.htm titled as Can the Islamic Intellectual Heritage be Recovered? and Muhammad Asad(formerly Leopold Weiss)cites the same reasons about Munkireen of Hadith in his book Islam at the Crossroads. The hatred of Ulama doesn t harm Ulama, it harms those who hate them without e ver making a deliberate effort to understand their position which is intellectua lly far more fulfilling than the hatemongering of those who hate Ulama, without any intellectual merit of their own arguments."No two ulema agreed." is a case in point. Ulama agree on the Tafseer of the following Aayaat of Soorah Al-Baqara h. Aayah 2:This is the Book; in it is guidance sure, without doubt, to those who fe ar Allah. Aayah 3:Who believe in the Unseen, are steadfast in prayer, and spend out of wha t We have provided for them; Aayah 4:And who believe in the WAHI(REVELATION) SENT TO THEE, and SENT BEFORE TH Y TIME, and (in their hearts) have the assurance of the Hereafter. Aayah 5:THEY ARE ON HUDA( TRUE GUIDANCE) FROM THEIR LORD, and it is these who wi ll prosper. http://honorablequran.com/2.htm

So, never forget that educated Muslims are and would continue to be the losers a t the end of the day not Ulama who according to Rasool(sall Allaahu alaihi was allam) are the Warasah/Inheritors of Anbiyaa/Prophets of God. neorient@gmail.com