von Neumann Architecture

CS 470 Operating Systems John Meister Instructor Research Paper Presentation Barry Livingston

Agenda

Abstract John von Neumann

Family History Education CPU

The Model

Arithmetic Logical Unit Control Unit Primary Control Unit Device Controller Bus

Summary

Abstract

If you were to ask ten thousand people to name the most influential thinker of the twentieth century, it is probable that not one of the responses would have pointed to John von Neumann. However,despite this obscurity, his thoughts have had an incalculable impact on human destiny. Our fate to this day still depends upon how we use the technologies his extraordinary mind made possible.

John von Neumann

Family History

Born in Budapest, Hungary in 1903 Extended Family Environment

Father a wealthy banker in Budapest German & French Governess Often mixed Christian & Jewish traditions Phone Book Division Jokes in Classic Geek with his father

Non Practicing Jewish family

Family Entertainment

Universal History (44 Volumes at 10 years)

John von Neumann

Education

Lutheran Gymnasium 1913 - 1920 University of Budapest 1921 University of Berlin 1921-1923 Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule (ETH)

Chemical Engineering 1923 1925 Doctorate Mathematics

University of Budapest 1926

U.S. Societal Contributions

Formalized Quantum mechanics 1927 Numerous Mathematics papers with theories in effect yet today 1927 U.S citizenship with lectureship at Princeton 1929 Original professorship at (IAS) Princeton 1933 Mathematics of hydrodynamic turbulence and large calculation management 1940 Game Theories - 1943 Von Neumann computer architecture 1945 Manhattan Project - 1946 Cellular automata 1948 Von Neumann machines 1950

ENIAC - 1945
Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer

1944 chance meeting with Goldstine Best known as first fully electronic computer $500,000 AND 200,000 Man-hours 18,000 vacuum tubes 1,500 relays 20 x 40 foot room low reliability, 174KW of power, air conditioning Development - John Mauchly, Presper Eckert & Herman Goldstine

von Neumann Architecture

1946 - John von Neumann (Princeton) Learned of the Eniac Project - 1944 Developed stored program concept

A memory containing both data and Instructions A calculating unit capable of performing both arithmetic and logical operations on the data A control unit which could interpret an instruction retrieved from the memory and select alternative courses of action based on the results of the previous operations.

The basis on which 95% of all modern computer architecture is based.

The Model
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Arithmetic Logical Unit (ALU) Control Unit

Address Bus

Data Bus

Primary Memory Unit (Executable Memory)

Device Controller and I/O Devices

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Arithmetic Logical Unit (ALU) Control Unit

CPU Components

ALU

In effect, a fast calculator Function Unit performs the arithmetic (I.E +-/x) and any logical instruction (I.E. ANS, OR, NOT)

Control Unit

Reads Program Instructions Decodes the Instructions for the ALU Determines the sequence of Instructions(s) to be retrieved and executed

The Arithmetical-Logical Unit

Right Operand

Left Operand

Status Registers

R1 R2 RN
General Registers hold the operands and the results

Function Unit
Results

To/From Primary Memory

Status Registers reflect the result of computations for later storage to the primary Memory

The Control Unit Operation

Fetch Decode Unit Execte

PC

3054

3046 3050 3054

101110010011001 011100101000000 101001110011000b 101000100011000b

IR

Load 3050

3058

Control Unit

Primary Memory

Primary memory and I/O

Primary (executable) Memory

The primary means used to store both programs and data while they are being operated on by the CPU. The device that connects the bus to the actual device Provides the component necessary that allows the CPU to manipulate that causes the device to operate Devices that provide the ability to interact with the CPU with either Instruction or solutions

Device Controller

I/O device

Summary

John von Neumann was one of the most influential thinkers of all time, as evidenced by his broad based contributions to science. His impact to computing has helped build the foundation of computing today and his theories continue to impact society as technology catches up to thinking that was way ahead of its time.