ITEM

DESCRIPTION STEP 1 FIELD DATA

SYMBOL

VALUE

1 2 3 4

Dimension of the grid in E alignment direction (m): Dimension of the grid in N alignment direction (m): Soil resistivity (Ohm*m): Total enclosed area by ground grid (m2): STEP 2 CONDUCTOR SIZE Symmetrical grid current (A): Duration of fault current (s): Material thermal capacity per unit volume in Joules/cm3/C: Ground conductor thermal coefficient of resistivity at 0 C: Ground conductor thermal coefficient of resistivity at reference temperature of 20 C: Ground conductor resistivity at reference temperature of 20 C: Ko = 1 / 0 Maximum allowable temperature (C): Ambient temperature (C): Required conductor cross-section (mm2): Actual conductor cross-section (mm2): STEP 3

LE LN A

123 81 210 9963

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Ig tc TCAP 0 t t Ko Tm Ta Sm Sr

1000.00 0.3 3.42 0 0 1.72 234 250 40 3.23 240

16 17 18 19 20

TOUCH & STEP CRITERIA Surface layer thickness (m): Surface layer resistivity (Ohm*m): Surface layer derating factor: Tolerable touch voltage (V): Tolerable step voltage (V): STEP 4 INITIAL DESIGN No. of parallel conductors in E alignment direction (m) No. of parallel conductors in N alignment direction (m) Spacing between parallel conductors in E alignment direction (m) Spacing between parallel conductors in N alignment direction (m) Number of ground rods: Length of each ground rod (m): Grid burial depth (m): Total length of grid conductor (m): Total effective length of grounding system conductor (m): STEP 5

hs s Cs Etouch50 Estep50

0.04 2,000 0.53 546.10 1549.03

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29

Nr Lr h Lc LT

5 4 30.75 27.00 17.00 3.05 0.75 939 990.85

30

GRID RESISTANCE Resistance of grounding system (): STEP 6 AND 7

Rg

1.1375

31

IgxRg<Etouch50?

NO

Page 1

80811017.xls

STEP 8 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 MESH & STEP VOLTAGES Corrective weighting factor: Corrective weighting factor: Peripheral length of the grid (m): Geometric factor: Geometric factor: Geometric factor: Geometric factor: Geometric factor: Diameter of the conductor (m): Spacing factor for mesh voltage: Correction factor for grid geometry: Effective length for mesh voltage: Actual mesh voltage (V): Spacing factor for step voltage: Effective length for step voltage: Actual step voltage (V): STEP 9 48 Em<Etouch? STEP 10 49 Es<Estep? YES YES Kii Kh Lp na nb nc nd n d Km Ki Lm Em Ks Ls Es 1 1.32 408 4.60 1.01 1.00 1.00 4.65 0.02 1.20 1.33 1,020.68 330.33 0.23 748.32 86.40

Page 2

80811017.xls

APPLIED EQUATIONS

A= L E L N
K0=
S m=

11

1 0
Ig

14

ln

K 0 T m K 0 T a

t c t t 10 TCAP

0 . 09 1
18

C s =1

2 h s 0 . 09
touch

19

Ealignl = 1000 1.5C s s

0 . 116 t

20

E s t e = 1 0 06 C s s 0 p
L T = L C N r xL r
Rg=

0.1 1 6 t

29

30

1 1 1 1 L T 20 A 1h 20/ A

]
(ho=1 m reference depth of grid)

32 33

Kii=1 (for grids with ground rods along the perimeter)

K = 1h/h K hh= 1h/h00

na = 2 Lc Lp

35

36

nb =

Lp 4 A

37 38 39

nc = 1 for rectangular grids nd = 1 for rectangular grids

n= n an bn cn d
4S d= 1000
K m= K ii D2h 2 h 1 D2 8 ln ln 2 16 h d 8Dd 4 d Kh 2n1

40

41

{[

42

K i =0. 6440.148 n
L M = L C 1 . 551 . 22
I g Km Ki LM

43

Lr 2 LE L2 N

Lr N r

44

E m=
K s=

Page 3

1 1 1 1 10.5 n2 2h hD D

80811017.xls

45

K s=

1 1 1 1 10.5 n2 2h hD D

46

L s =0. 75LC 0. 85L rN r

E s= I g Ks Ki Ls

47

Page 4

80811017.xls