THERAVDA - PHT-GIO NGUYN-THY LUT XUT-GIA TM TT (PABBAJITA VINAYA SANKHEPA)

VANSARAKKHITA BHIKKHU T-KHU H-TNG PL. 2510 - TL. 1966 TI BN PL. 2537 - TL. 1993 ---o0o--Ngun http://thuvienhoasen.org Chuyn sang ebook 26-8-2009 Ngi thc hin : Nam Thin namthien@gmail.com Link Audio Ti Website http://www.phatphaponline.org Mc Lc
TIU TA DN-TCH LI CH CA S TR LUT TRUYN GII BN PHN LM NG THY HA THNG PHP TRUYN GII SA-DI PHP TRUYN T-KHU GII GII LUT SA-DI 1) MI PHP HC (SIKKHPADA) 2) MI PHP HNH PHT (DANDAKAMMA) 3) MI PHP TRC XUT (NSANANGA) LI DY TIP (ANUSSANA) TAM HC (TRISIKKH) IU HC (SIKKHPADA) BIT BIT GII THOT THU THC GII (PTIMOKKHA SAMVARASLA) I. BN IU BT CNG TR (PRJIKA). II. MI BA (13) IU HC TNG TN (SANGHA DISESA) III. IU HC BT NH (ANIYATTA) IV. 30 IU HC NG X I TR (NISSAGGIYA PCITTIYA) V. NG I TR (PCITTIYA)

VI. BN IU HC NG PHT L (Patidesaniya) VII. BY MI LM (75) IU HC NG HC PHP (SEKKHIYAVATTA) VIII. DIT TRANH (ADHIKARANA SAMATHA) NHNG IU HC NGOI GII BN TRNG TI (Thullaccaya) CH GII 10 IU LM LC 1) MUN TRONG NG BNG SNG C PHP N (kappati singilonakappo) 2) X BNG 2 NGN TAY CN N C (kappatidvangulakappo) 3) I VO XM CN N C (kappatigmantarakappo) 4) CHUNG CH LM PHP "SM HI" (kappati ssa kappo) 5) LM PHP SM HI THEO MNH CNG C (kappati anuma tikappo) 6) LM THEO THI QUEN CNG C (kappati cinna kappo) 7) SA TI CHUA THIT CHUA DNG CNG C (kappati amathitakappo) 8) RU MI, CHA THIT MNH UNG CNG C (kappati jalogimptum) 9) TA C KHNG C BA DNG CNG C (kappati adasakam nisdana) 10) CM XC VNG BC CNG C (kappati jtarparajatam) 14 PHP HNH (VATTA 14) 1) NHNG VIC CA T-KHU XA MI N PHI HNH (gantukavatta) 2) NHNG VIC T-KHU CHA PHI HNH (vsikavatta) 3) NHNG VIC CA T-KHU RA I NG PHI HNH (gamikavatta) 4) NHNG VIC CA T-KHU TRONG NH N PHI HNH (anumodanavatta) 5) NHNG VIC T-KHU CHU MI N PHI HNH(bhattaggavatta) 6) NHNG VIC CA T-KHU I KHUT THC PHI HNH (pindacrikavatta) 7) NHNG VIC CA T-KHU N TU TRONG RNG PHI HNH (rannikavatta) 8) NHNG VIC CA T-KHU THT PHI HNH (sensanavatta) 9) CNG VIC PHI HNH NH BP (jantaghararavatta) 10) CNG VIC PHI HNH TRONG NH X (vaccakutivatta) 11) BN PHN TR I VI THY HO THNG (upajjhyavatta) 12) BN PHN CA THY HA THNG PHI CNG TR (saddhimvihrikavatta) 13) BN PHN CA TR PHI CNG V A X L L THY NNG TA (cariyavatta) 14) BN PHN CA V A X L CNG TR (Antevsikavatta) UPOSATHA - B-TT GII V CCH THC ADHITTHNA GII V CCH GI Y D (Vikappa) GII V CCH T ADHITTHNA TNG KT TRCH DCH TNG LUT PHP LM CHO TR NN SA-MN PHNG TIN CHO PHP SANH PHP CA BC XUT GIA HOC SA-MN TI CA BC XUT GIA TU HNH KHNG CHN CHNH

MI PHP M BC XUT GIA PHI QUN TNG THNG XUYN PHT NGN

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TIU TA
Khi Pht sp nhp Nit-bn ng ANANDA v ng UPLI, c n hi Pht: Bch c Th-tn sau khi Pht dit , chng ti phi tn ai lm thy? Pht dy: "Phi tn gii Ba-la- mc-xa lm thy.". "Ba-la- mc-xa" (Ptimokkha) Tu dch l: "Bit-bit gii-thot", ngha l gi c mt gii lut th thot khi c mt ti. Pht li ni: Nh-lai ch ra iu-hc c mi iu li ch l: 1)- Cho c tuyt ho n Tng. 2)- Cho c s an-lc n Tng. 3)- khin trch nhng ngi bng bnh ph gii. 4)- Cho c s an n t-khu tr-gii trong sch, ng knh mn. 5)- ngn nga cc lu-phin-no trong i hin ti. 6)- y lui cc lu-phin-no trong i v lai. 7)- Cho nhng ngi cha tin, pht tm tn-ngng. 8)- Cho nhng ngi tin, cng thm tin. 9)- Cho Pht-php c kin c lu di. 10)- h tr Tng Lut. Ch t-khu vui thch trong s xut gia, nn ghi nh cho r cc qu vui u pht sanh do s thng hiu Gii lut trc cho c c tin bn chc trong gii-lut v cn phi thc hnh theo cho thun thc Ngi thng hiu gii lut v nh cha m nh ni nng nh ca tt c hng ngi tn-ngng Pht-php. Nhng ngi th Sa-di hoc T-khu gii thc hnh theo iu trng v iu khinh v bit r ni no nn ti lui, hoc khng nn ti lui 1, cng u nng theo ngi thng hiu "gii-lut "y. Ngi m gi gii trong sch ng lm ni nng nh cho hng Pht-t mong tm s an vui, th hng c ti tnh, ni nng trong khi hi hp,

khng cht chi e ngi. Ngi tr-gii c th cm ha k nghch tr thun lm cho Pht-php c hng thnh lu di. Li na Gii-Lut c li-ch pht sanh "s thu thc" (Samvara). Thu thc c li ch pht sanh s "khng bt bnh "(Vipatisra). Khng bt-bnh c li ch pht sanh "s tha thch" (Pmojja). Tha-thch c li ch pht sanh "s no-lng" (Pti). 2 No lng c li ch pht sanh "tm yn lng" (Passaddhi). Yn-lng c li ch pht sanh "iu an-lc" (Sukha). An-lc c li ch pht sanh "thin nh" (Samdhi). Thin nh c li ch pht sanh "s hiu bit r c php theo chn l" (Yathbhtannnadassana). Hiu bit r cc php theo chn-l c li-ch pht sanh "s chn nn i vi chng sanh v vt" (Nibbid). Chn-nn trong chng sanh v vt c li ch pht sanh "s xa la tnh-dc" (Viraga). Xa la tnh-dc c li-ch pht sanh "s gii thot khi phin no" (Vimutti). Gii thot khi phin no c li-ch pht sanh "s hiu bit r rng c gii-thot" (Vimuttinnadassana). Hiu bit r rng c gii-thot c li ch pht sanh "s dt kh v ht c chp" (Anupdparinibbna). Qu bo m phi c theo th t y, u do s tr gii-lut c. C y, hnh gi mun c an-vui tuyt i cnh Nit-bn, ch nn tinh tn vng gi gii lut v ht lng thc hnh theo cho chn chn t c nh nguyn chng sai.

Mong sao cho tt c thn quyn chng ta trong v-tr c an vui lu di, sm mau hi u hng-thin qui y Tam-bo, th-tr gii lut, mt lng btthi, tin b trn ng gii thot, t n Nit bn ng hng iu anvui bt-dit. Mong thay Bhikkhu Vansarakkhita (T-khu H-Tng). PL 2510 - TL 1966 -ooOoo-

DN-TCH
Gii v: Nhn qu ca s Tr gii T xa n nay, cc bc tr-tu hng tha-thch trong s tip dn ngi i, lnh d lm lnh, hu th hng nhng hnh phc ln lao v lm cho s sng ca mnh t iu li ch. Hng ngi nh th, u l bc cao ng, thng dt b gia-ti, danh-vng v s vui sng trong ng-trn, xut gia tu-hnh dy bo ngi i noi theo chnh php m t mnh gic ng. n khi c nhiu ngi sng bi qui-y, th c tn lm "Gio ch", li dy bo ca bc "Gio-ch", y m thin h tn ngng thc hnh theo, gi l "tn-gio". Tn-gio ca c Chnh-bin-tri m c thnh-hnh n ngy nay l v ngi ging sanh ni nh vua, dng Thch-ca ti x Trung-n , tn ngi l "S-t-ta" (Silddhattha), ph vng ngi l vua "Tnh-phn-vng" (Suddhodana) tr v trong x "Ca-t-la-v "(Kapilavatthu), mu hu ngi l b "Mada hong-hu" (Mahmaydevi). Khi mi sanh ngi ra, c thy xem tng tin on rng: "Nu ngi th th s c lm Chuyn-lun-vng, bng i tu t lm mt gio-ch trong th gian". Khi ngi c 16 tui, phvng ngi truyn ngi cho lm cha trong nc, hong-hu ca ngi l b Bamb. Lm vua 13 nm, c 29 tui ngi b ngi, xut-gia i n tu ni rng ni, nhm ngy m thi-t (Rahul) l con ngi mi ra i. Xut-gia ri, Ngi hng tinh-tn tu kh-hnh, tm c v-thng chnh-ng chnh gic, ht 6

nm mi c gic-ng, ri ngi ng n cc ni ty duyn ha- chng-sanh thot khi vng kh i n 80 tui ri nhp Nit-bn. Php v Lut m ngi ging gii gi l "Pht-gio", nhng ngi tu theo "Pht gio" gi l "Pht-t ". Cc Pht-t y chia ra lm 4 hng ngi l: t-khu, t-khu-ni, thin-nam, tn- n. Trong 4 hng ngi y, cc v t-khu m c th c-tc gii u tin ht l nhm 5 t-khu "A-nh Kiu Trn Nh" (Annakondanna). u tin, Pht-php cn mi, c t t-khu, gii-lut l iu nng- Chtng khng cn phi c nhiu. Cc v Thinh-vn y u l bc A-la hn tmtnh trong sch, cc ngi thu r Pht-php u v tn-ngng tht hnh theo l Trung o m c Gio-ch gii by. n khi Pht-gio ngy cng thnh-hnh dn dn, s t-khu cng tng trng ri ring theo phe, theo ng. C hng t-khu khng c trong sch, tu hnh khng ng n, cho nn c Pht mi ch ra iu hc. -ooOoo-

LI CH CA S TR LUT
L thng, loi ngi trong th-gian, theo phe, theo ng, khng sao cho va nhau c, nhn tm mi ngi mi khc, sc khng ng nhau: ngi c sc lc, cc-cn th h-hip, k yu-ui nhu nhc phi chu kh khng c an-vui. Cc c vua trong nc hng ng ch hnh-lut ngn-cm quc-dn khng cho lm iu hung d. Nu c k phm nhm quc-cm, s b nh vua trng pht. c vua cng c ra lnh khuyn lm nhng vic lnh cho chng dn c an c lc-nghip. Cho n qun-lnh cng c php-lut dy rn mi c trt-t nghim trang c. Du trong mi gia tc, cng c phng php ring cho thn quyn hnh theo mi c th yn d dng c V phn ngi xut-gia trong Pht-php cng phi c php ngn nga thn khu khng cho lm d, cho tm c trong sch. c Thch-ca-mu-

ni l gio-ch ca chng ta, Ngi l bc php-vng tip cc hng Phtt v l cha lnh ca Ch-Tng, Ngi hng gio-dc v chm-nom s quy phi ca Gio hi. Ngi lm hng o cho 2 iu: l) Ngi ch iu-hc ngn-nga, khng cho hng "Pht t "lm quy. Nu t-khu lm si php, Ngi ra lnh rng: "phm ti nng, hoc ti nh rn mnh cha ci, lun n Ch-tng cng vy". 2) Ngi dy lm s phi, cho ch t-khu trau di thn khu c trang nghim, theo cc bc hin-trit, nh cc v -vng trong nc, ng ch rn cm quc-dn khng cho lm d, dy phi lm lnh, hoc nh cha lnh lm ch trong gia-tc, ch dn con chu n ngay tht, theo th t trong hhng. Php m c Pht cm-ch v cho php, dy hng Pht-t lnh d lm lnh hip li gi l "Lut" ngha l php-tc trao di thn khu cho trangnghim. Php-lut v nh soi ch x bng lm trng-hoa, ngi m xut-gia theo Pht-php nh hoa c mu sc khc nhau, si ch c th lm cho hoa u n, cho c mu ti tt, lin-lc, khng cho bi-ri, cng nh "Tng-Lut" c th lm cho t-khu "Tng" c cch-thc p , khng vng-v. Trong nhng hng ngi tu theo Pht-php lm T-khu hoc Sa-di chng phi do mt nh hoc mt h m n, u l ngi ngi khc dng khc ging, khng ng bc (bc cao, bc trung hoc bc thp). C ngi khc nc, khc ting ni, khc x s cho nn c thi quen khc nhau. Nu khng c Tng-lut lm mc thc hoc c m T-khu, Sa-di khng hc cho hiu bit, hoc hiu bit m khng hnh theo, t thn khu v t cch hnh-vi khng sao t-chnh, khng ng l rung phc ca ngi i, khng lm cho ngi cha tin, c tin, ngi tin cng thm tin. Nu cc T-khu Sa-di ha-ho nhau, tha-thch nhau, khng c chp theo phe, theo ng, khng ci l nhau, hip nht nhau nh nc ln vi sa, lic xem nhau bng cp mt t-bi, khuyn nhau tn-trng, thc hnh theo gii lut u , khng d thiu, mi lm cho phn ng ngi pht lng tnngng, nh cc th hoa trong vn c sc tt v mi thm khc nhau m ngi b em chung trong bnh bng, khng th lp, khng c mo-mc

thnh ra vt khng ng tha thch. Nu ngi b hoa c tr, lnh ngh, h ly cc th hoa nh th m cho u-dn theo cch thc ri trong bnh, hoa y s thnh vt p xem khng mi mt. Khng cn ni n hoa p, du hoa khng p cng d coi, nh c mo mc lm cho ra vt p c c Thin-nhn-S l ng gio ch ca chng ta, Ngi thy iu li-ch nh th, cho nn ch ra "Tng Lut" cho ch Pht-t hnh theo hu c s an vui s tin-ha trong i ny v i sau. --- o0o ---

TRUYN GII
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BN PHN LM NG THY HA THNG

c Pht c gii: Pancahi Bhikkave angehi samanngatena bhikkhunapasampdetabbam. Ny cc T-khu! T-khu c 5 chi 3 mi nn lm ng thy Ha~thng truyn C-tc-gii n ngi xut-gia. 5 chi y l: l) Apattim jnti: bit rng c phm ti. 2) Anpattimjnti: bit rng khng c phm ti 3) Lahukam pattimjnti: bit rng c phm ti nh 4) Garuka mpattim jnti: bit rng c phm ti nng. 5) Dasavasso v hoti atirekadasavasso v: T-khu tu c 10 h hoc trn 10 h. Trong lut Cullaganthimahvagga c ni bn phn ng Thy Ha-thng phi c 3 chi na l: 1) Manussabhto: phi tht l loi ngi (khng phi th). 2) Bhikkhubhvo: th c-tc-gii lm T-khu y . 3) Opajjhyangasamanngato: c chi lm ng thy Ha-thng.

Trong 3 chi y, chi th 3 chia ra c 14 iu: l) Mallgalmangalnisamsamjnti: bit qu bo ca cc kinh c iu hnhphc, nht l Tam-bo kinh (Ratanastra) v qu bo ca kinh khng c iu hnh-phc l kinh Tirokudda. 4 2) Kammakammam jnti: bit l Tng-s hoc khng phi Tng s. 3) Sikkhpadam jnti: bit c 227 iu-hc trong gii bn. 4) Sikkhpadangam jnti: bit cc chi ca 227 iu lut y. 5) Sarangamanam jnti: bit c "Tam qui" ng php theo Phn ng nh c "Buddham saranam gacchmi" c mt cch ng cho gin on. 6) Uposatham jnti: bit php hnh l pht l theo 9 iu: Ctuddas Uposatha -- hnh l pht l trong ngy 14 Pannaras Uposatha -- hnh l pht l trong ngy 15 Samaggi Uposatha -- ngy Tng lm l T t 5 Sangha Uposatha -- ngy l pht l tng c gii bn Gana Uposatha -- 1 v T-khu hnh l pht l Duggale Uposatha -- 1 v t-khu lm l pht-l Suttuddoesa Uposatha -- t 4 v tr ln th c gii bn gia tng Parisuddi Uposatha -- t cho nhau bit v s trong sch ca mnh Adhitth Uposatha -- nu ch c 1 v T-khu hnh l pht l th nguyn rng: Ajja me Uposatha (nay l ngy l pht l sm hi ca ti). 7) Uposathakamman jnti: bit cch lm l pht l c 4 cch: Addhammenavaggam -- phe, khng ng theo php Dhammesamaggam -- ng nhau nhng khng ng php Addhammenavaggam -- phe ng theo php. Dhammenasamaggam -- ng nhau v ng theo php. 8) Nattisampattim jnti: bit c truyn gii trng php gia Tng. 9) Nutt vipattim jnti: bit c truyn gii si php gia Tng. l0) Akkhara sampattim jnti: bit cch c trng ging Pli (nattisampatti).

11) Akkhara vipattim jnti: bit cch c si ging Pli (nattivipatti). 6 12) Ubhaypatimokkhni: bit tng nm lng c gii-bn t-khu v tkhu-ni. 13) Dasavasso v hoti atireka dasavasso: tu c 10 h hoc 10 h tr ln. 14) Nma rpamjnti: Thng r Tng Lun, l tm, tm s, sc, Nit-bn. ---o0o---

PHP TRUYN GII SA-DI

Gii t mc y phc trang, hai tay bng y ca-sa "vng" theo ng thy vo ng gia Gio-hi trc mt Ha-thng, bi ngi ri c: Phn ng Uksa vandmi bhante sabbam apardhan khamathame bhante maa katam punnam smin anumoditabbam sminkatam punnam mayham dtabbam sdhu sdhu anumodmi. Ngha Ti xin thnh knh lm l i c

Bch ho i c, cu xin i c tha cc ti li cho ti. Nhng vic lnh m ti lm, xin i c nhn lnh, vic lm m i c lm xin chia st cho ti v lm cho iu li Uksa karunnam katv pabbajjam ch c thnh tu ti xin hoan h detha me bhante th lnh Ti xin thnh knh, cu i c t bi thng xt n ti v php xut gia cho ti. Ngi chm hm chp tay ngay tam tinh (gia trn) m c: Phn ng Aham bhante pabbajjam ycmi Ngha Bch ha i c xin i c lm

Dutiyampi aham bhante pabbajjam php xut gia cho ti ycmi. Bch i c xin i c lm php Tatiyampi aham bhante pabbajjam xut gia cho ti, ln th nh ycmi Bch i c xin i c lm php xut gia cho ti ln th ba Ri c bi sau ny ba ln dng y "Ca-sa" cho thy: Phn ng Sabbadukkha nissarananibbna sacchikara natthya, imam ksvam gahetv pabbjethamam bhante anukampam updya Ngha Bch ha i c xin i c thu y c sa vng ny v thng xt m php xut gia cho ti c dt cc s thng kh v n Nit Bn

Ri c bi k sau ny ba ln xin y ca-sa li: Phn ng Sabbadukkha nissarana nibbna sacchikaranatathya, etam ksvam datv pabbjethamam bhante anukampam updya Ngha Bch ho i c xin i c cho xin y c sa vng y, v thng xt v lm php xut gia cho ti c dt cc s thng kh v n Nit Bn

Khi gii t c xong ba bn, ri v Ha thng a "ca-sa" cho gii t v dy php tham thin nh sau ny: Phn ng Ngha

Kes, lom, nakh, dant, taco Tc, lng, mng, rng, da Taco, danta, nakh, lom, kes Da, rng, mng lng, tc V Ha thng phi gii s v ci thn trc cho gii t nghe. Xong ri, gii t lui ra, mc y ca-sa v trong khi y phi suy ngm rng: "Ta mc y ca-

sa y, nga s nng, lnh, gi, nng, mui, mng, rn, rt v trnh s la th, chng mc se sua". Gii t c: Phn ng Uksa vandmi bhante sabbam apardham khamatha me bhante may ktam punnam smin katam punnam mayham dtabham sdhu sdhu anumodmi. Ngha Ti xin thnh knh lm l i c. Bch ha i c, cu xin i c tha cc ti li cho ti. Nhng vic lnh m ti lm, xin i c nhn lnh. Vic lnh m i c chia st cho ti lm cho iu li ch c thnh tu, ti xin hoan h th lnh. Ti xin thnh knh cu i c t bi thng xt m truyn tam qui v gii cho ti.

Uksa krunnam katv tisaranena sahasilni detha me bhante

Ri ngi chm hm chp tay c: Phn ng Aham bhante saranaslam ycmi Ngha Bch i c, xin i c truyn Tam qui v gii cho ti

Dutiyampi Aham bhante saranaslam ycmi Bch i c, xin i c truyn Tam qui v gii cho ti ln th nh Tatiyampi Aham bhante saranaslam ycmi Bch i c, xin i c truyn Tam qui v gii cho ti ln th ba Ha thng c: Phn ng. Yamaham vadmitam vadehi Gii t c: Ngha Ta c li no, ngi c theo li ny

ma bhante

D (ti xin c theo)

Ri gii t c theo Ha thng: Phn ng. Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammsambuddhassa Ngha Ti em ht lng thnh knh lm l c Ph-G-Qua y. Ngi l bc R-Hng cao thng, c chng qu Chnh bin tri, do ngi t ng, khng thy ch dy (c ba ln) [*]

[*] Ph-g-qua (Bhagava): Tu dch l Th Tn; r-hng (Arahant): ng cng, A-la-hn Phn ng 1) Buddham saranam gacchmi 2) Dhammam saranam gacchmi 3) Sangham saranam gacchmi 4) Dutiyampi buddham saranam gacchmi 5) Dutiyampi dhammam saranam gacchmi 6) Dutiyampi sangham saranam gacchmi 7) Tatiyampi buddham saranam gacchmi 8) Tatiyampi dhammam saranam gacchmi 9) Tatiyampi sangham saranam gacchmi Ngha 1) Ti xin ht lng thnh knh, xin quy y Pht 2) Ti xin ht lng thnh knh, xin quy y Php 3) Ti xin ht lng thnh knh, xin quy y Tng 4) Ti xin ht lng thnh knh, xin quy y Pht ln th nh. 5) Ti xin ht lng thnh knh, xin quy y Php, ln th nh 6) Ti xin ht lng thnh knh, xin quy y Tng, ln th nh 7) Ti xin ht lng thnh knh, xin quy y Pht ln th ba 8) Ti xin ht lng thnh knh, xin quy y Php ln th ba 9) Ti xin ht lng thnh knh, xin quy y Tng ln th ba

Ha thng c: Phn ng. Tisaranaggahanam paripunam Gii t c: ma bhante D (v ly) Ha thng c ri Gii t c theo: Phn ng Ngha Ngha Cc th php Tam quy u ri

1. Pntipt veraman sikkhpadam 1. Ti xin vng gi iu hc, l c samdiymi trnh xa s git thc lai sanh mng 2. Adinndn vera man sikkhpadam samadiymi 3. Abrahma caria ve ramanymi 4. Musvd veraman sikkhpadam sam diymi 2. Ti xin vng gi iu hc, l c trnh xa s trm cp 3. Ti xin vng gi iu hc, l c trnh xa s thng dm 4. Ti xin vng gi iu hc,l c trnh xa s ni di

5. Sur meraya majjappamdatthn veraman sikkhpadam samdiymi 5. Ti xin vng gi iu hc, l c trnh xa s d dui ung ru 6. Viklabhojan verman sikkhpadam samdiymi 6. Ti xin vng gi iu hc, l c trnh xa s n si gi (t ng ng 7. Naccagta vditaviskadassan cho n mt tri mc chng c veraman sikkhapadam say diymi php n vt chi c). 8. Mlgandha vilepanadhrana mandana vibhsanatthn veraman sikkhapadam say diymi 7. Ti xin vng gi iu hc, l c trnh xa s ht ma

8. Ti xin vng gi iu hc, l c 9. Uccsayana mahsayan veraman trnh xa s trang im, eo trng

sikkhapadam say diymi 10. Jtar parajatapatiggahan veraman sikkhapadam say diymi

bng, thoa vt thm v di phn 9. Ti xin vng gi iu hc, l c trnh xa ch nm v ngi qu cao v xinh p 10. Ti xin vng gi iu hc, l c trnh xa s th lnh, ct gi, hoc bo k khc th lnh, ct gi vng bc chu bu, hoc cm xc n cc vt y

Ngi Ha thng c tip: Phn ng. Imni dassa sikkhpadni samdiymi Ngha Ti xin th tr c 10 iu hc y

Sa-di c theo ba bn, ri ly, xong ng chp tay c: Vandmi bhante ... (nh trc). Xong ri, Sa-di phi xin Nissaya, cm nhang n dng cho v Ha thng, ri ng chp tay c: Vandmi bhante ... (nh trc). Sa-di c tip: Phn ng. Uksa krunnam katv nissayam dethame bhante Ngha Ti xin thnh knh, cu i c thng xt m cho ti nng da theo

Xong ri ngi chm hm c:

Aham bhante nissayam ycmi

Dutiyampi Aham bhante nissayam ycmi Bch i c, xin i c cho ti nng da theo ln th nh Tatiyampi Aham bhante nissayam ycmi Bch i c, xin i c cho ti nng da theo ln th ba (1 ly). Upajjyo me bhante hohi Bch ngi, ngi l thy t ca ti Trong my ting sau ny, Ha thng ni 1 ting no cng c (Gii t khi c theo): Phn ng. Sdhu Lbu Ptirpam Opyikam Psdikena samdehi Ngha Ngi lm nh th ny, l vic thnh tu iu li ch trong Pht php ri. Ngi lm nh th l s nh nhng, l vic vui sng d dng trong Pht php ri Ngi lm nh th, l ng theo phng php em mnh ra khi lun hi kh no ri Ngi xin c Ha thng nh th, l va n s tn knh theo php xa ri Ngi hy lm cho php Tam hc l: gii, nh, tu, c thnh tu tt p v c tin i Xong ri gii t c: Phn ng. Ngha

Bch i c, xin i c cho ti nng da theo

Uhsa sampaticchmi Sampaticchmi Sampaticchmi Ajjataggedni thero mayham bhro, ahampi therassa bhro

Bch i c, ti xin thnh knh ht lng vng chu Ti xin ht lng vng chu Ti xin ht lng vng chu K t nay ti phi gnh vc cng vic ca i c, l phi tn knh lm cc vic m ti phi lm, v phn i c, i c cng hoan h gnh vc, l nn nhc nh, v dy bo ti lun khi.

Dt php truyn Sa-di gii: Sa-di phi mang bt ng dy i vo, n gia Tng, ngay trc mt Ha thng, ri v Yt ma t tn tm cho Sa-di l Ngo nma, xong ri hi Sadi, (y l khi no gii t th gii Sa-di ri xin th lun gii T Khu). ---o0o---

PHP TRUYN T-KHU GII

Phn ng. Hi -- Tvam Ngo nma p -- ma bhante Ngha Hi -- Ngi phi l tn Ngo nma khng? p -- Bch ngi phi

Hi -- Tuyham upajjhyo yasm Tissathero nma Hi -- Thy ca ngi, phi chng l ngi Tissathero Nma khng? p -- ma bhante p - Bch ngi phi Xong ri, ng thy ch my ngn sau ny, m hi, gii t tr li: "D phi"

Phn ng. Hi -- Ayam te patto p -- ma bhante Hi -- Ayam sanghti p -- ma bhante Hi -- Ayam anuttar sangho p - ma bhante Hi -- Ayam antaravsako. p -- ma bhante Gaccha amumhi okse titthni

Ngha Hi -- y phi l bnh bt ca ngi khng? p -- D phi Hi -- y phi l y Tng gi l (y hai lp) ca ngi khng? p -- D phi Hi -- y, phi l y Hut la tng (y mc vai tri) ca ngi khng? p -- D phi Hi -- y, l y An hi (y ni) ca ngi khng? p -- D phi Ni -- Ngi lui ra ng ni kia

Gii t lui ra (khi ch Tng ngi) ng chp tay, ngay pha Ha thng ngi, thy Kit ma c cho Tng nghe: Phn ng. Suntu me bhante sangho ngo yasmato tissassa upasampadpekkho yadi sanghassa pattakallam aham ngam anusseyyam Ngha Bch cng i c Tng xin Tng nghe ti trnh: tn Sa-di Nga t ca i c Tissa l ngi nguyn tu ln bc cao. Nu li y ng theo php, ti xin i day Sa-di tn Nga

Xong ri, thy Kit ma lui ra ng trc mt gii t v dy gii t nhng iu sau y: Phn ng. Ngha

Sunsi nga ayante saccaklo bhtaklo Yamjtam tam sangha majjhe pucchante Santam athti vattabbam asantam natthti vattabbam

Tn Nga ngi phi nghe hi ny l hi nn ni thit Nhng iu g m hi ngi ni gia Tng iu g c, ngi ni c, iu g khng, ngi ni khng

Mkho pucchissanti santi te evarup bdh Ta hi ngi nh vy: nhng tt bnh nh sau y, ngi c hay khng? Hi -- Kuttham? Hi -- Ngi c bnh ci hay khng? p -- Natthi bhante p -- Bch khng. Hi - Gando Hi -- Ngi c bnh ung th hay p - Natthi bhante khng? Hi -- Kilso? p - Natthi bhante Hi - Soso p - Natthi bhante Hi -- Apamro? p - Natthi bhante Hi -- Manussosi? p -- ma bhante Hi -- Purisosi? p - ma bhante p - Bch khng Hi -- Ngi c bnh gh nga hay khng? p - Bch khng Hi -- Ngi c bnh suyn hay khng? p - Bch khng Hi -- Ngi c bnh phong in hay khng? p - Bch khng Hi -- Ngi phi l ngi hay khng?

Hi -- Bhujjissosi? p -- ma bhante Hi -- nanosi? p - ma bhante Hi -- Nasi rjabhato? p - ma bhante Hi -- Anunntosi mtpitohi? p - ma bhante Hi -- Paripunnavsa Tivassosi? p - ma bhante

p -- Bch phi Hi -- ngi phi l ngi nam hay khng? p -- Bch phi Hi - Ngi phi l ngi v s khng? p -- Bch phi Hi -- Ngi phi l ngi rnh n khng? p -- Bch phi Hi -- Ngi l ngi khng mc vic quan phi khng?

Hi -- Paripunnamte patta Civaram? p -- Bch phi p - ma bhante Hi -- Kinnmosi? p - ma bhante Ngonma Hi -- Knmote upajjyo? Hi -- Ngi c php cha, m cho xut gia hay khng? p -- Bch phi Hi -- Ngi ng 20 tui hay cha?

p -- Bch phi p -- Upajjhyo mebhante yasm tissatthero nma Hi- Ngi c y, bt hay khng? p -- Bch phi Hi -- Ngi tn ch l g? p -- Bch ti tn l Na-go na-ma

Hi -- Thy ngi tn chi? p -- Thy ti tn l Tissathero Ch ng thy ku. Ri gii t li ngi chm hm, chp tay c, khi c dy gii t, ri thy Yt ma tr vo ni gia Tng, c tuyn b v ku gii t vo rng: Suntume bhante sangho ngo yasmato tissassa upasampadpekkho anusitto so may yadi sanghassa pattakallam ngo gaccheyya gacchhiti vattabbo gacchhi Bch ho i c tng, xin i c tng nghe ti trnh: Tn Sa-di Ngo (l t) ca ngi Tissa l ngi nguyn tu ln bc cao. Tn Sa-di Ngo y, ti dy bo ri. Nu l truyn T-khu gii ny va n gi hnh tng s, th tn Sa-di Ngo nn vo: Tn Sa-di Ngo y, ti nn gi cho vo, "Ngi vo i". Tn Sa-di i vo ngi ga trong Tng, trc mt ngi Ho thng, lm l ngi Ho thng v ch Tng, ri phi ngi chm hm chp tay, xin tu ln bc trn bng li ny: Sangham bhante upsampadam ycmi, ullumpatumam bhante sangho anukampam updya. Dutiyampi bhante upsampadam ycmi, ullumpatumam bhante sangho anukampam updya. Tatiyampi bhante upsampadam ycmi, ullumpatumam bhante sangho anukampam updya. Bch ho i c tng, xin Tng cho ti tu ln bc trn 7. Bch ho i c tng, xin tng thng xt tip em ti ln cho khi tng mo Sa-di v ti vo hng T-khu. Bch ho i c tng, xin Tng cho ti tu ln bc trn.

Bch ho i c tng, xin Tng thng xt tip em ti ln cho khi tng mo Sa-di v ti vo hng T-khu ln th nh. Bch ho i c tng, xin Tng cho ti tu ln bc trn. Bch ho i c tng, xin Tng thng xt tip em ti ln cho khi tng mo Sa-di v ti vo hng T-khu ln th ba. Khi gii t th c tc gii gia Tng, Tng u ngi xa nhau 1 hc, 1 gang 8 xong ri thy Kit ma c bi sau ny: Suntume bhante sangho ayam ngo yasmato tissassa upasampad pekkho yadi sanghassa pattakallam aham ngam antaryikedhamme pucheyyam Bch cng i c tng, xin Tng nghe ti trnh: Tn Sa-di Naga, t ca ngi Tissa, l ngi nguyn tu ln bc cao nu vic ca tng lm y ng theo php, ti xin hi Sa-di Nga cc php chng ngi. Sunsi nga ayante saccaklo bhtaklo: Tn Nga, ngi phi nghe: Hi ny l hi nn ni thit. Yamjtam tam pucchmi: Nhng iu g c th ta hi ngay n iu y. Santam atthti vattabbam asantam natthti vattabbam: iu g c th ngi ni c, iu g khng th ngi ni khng. Santi te evarp bdh: Nhng tt bnh nh y ngi c hay khng? Hi -- Kuttham p -- Natthi bhante Hi -- Ngi c bnh chi hay khng? p -- Bch khng.

Upajjhyo me bhante yasm tissathero nma: ngha nh trc (xem ni chng "Bn phn lm Ha thng").

Khi thy Kit ma hi cc chng ngi gia Tng xong ri, c gii bn ln tip theo cho Tng nghe nh vy: Suntume bhante sangho ayam ngo yasmato tissassa upasampad pekkho parisuddho antaryikehi dhammehi paripunnassa pattacvaram ngo sangham upasampadam ycati yasmat tissena upajjhyena yadi sanghassa pattakallam sangho ngam upasampdeyya yasmat tissena upajjhyena es natti Bch ho i c tng, xin tng nghe ti trnh: Tn Sa-di Nga,l t ca i c Tissa, l ngi nguyn tu ln bc trn cao c trong sch, khng phm php chng ngi, bnh bt v ca-sa ca Sa-di Nga ny c u . Sa-di Nga c i c Tissa l ho thng, c n xin Tng, cho Sa-di y tu ln bc cao. Li ny l li trnh cho Tng r. Suntume bhante sangho ayam ngo yasmato tissassa upasampad pekkho parisuddho antaryikehi dhammehi paripunnassa pattacvaram ngo sangham upasampadam ycati yasmat tissena upajjhyena sangho ngam upasampdeti yasmat tissena upajjhyena yassyasmato khamati ngassa upasampad yasmat tissena upajjhyena so tunhassa yassa nakkhamati so bhseyya dutiyampi, etamattham vadmi: Bch ho i c tng, xin Tng nghe ti trnh: Tn Sa-di Nga,l t ca i c Tissa, l ngi nguyn tu ln bc trn cao c trong sch, khng phm php chng ngi, bnh bt v ca-sa ca Sa-di Nga ny c u . Sa-di Nga c i c Tissa l ho thng, c n xin tng, cho Sa-di y tu ln bc cao (l bc T-khu). Nu s nhn cho Sa-di Nga c i c Tissa l ho thng tu ln bc cao ny va lng v i c no, v y nn nn thinh bng chng va lng v i c no, v i c y c php ci, ti trnh ln th nh ri. Suntume bhante sangho ayam ngo yasmato tissassa upasampad pekkho parisuddho antaryikehi dhammehi paripunnassa pattacvaram ngo sangham upasampadam ycati yasmat tissena upajjhyena sangho ngam upasampdeti yasmat tissena upajjhyena yassyasmato khamati ngassa upasampad yasmat tissena upajjhyena so tunhassa yassa nakkhamati so bhseyya tatiyampi, etamattham vadmi: Bch ho i c Tng, xin Tng nghe ti trnh: Tn Sa-di Nga,l t ca i c Tissa, l ngi nguyn tu ln bc trn cao c trong sch, khng phm php chng ngi, bnh bt v ca-sa ca Sa-di Nga ny c u .

Sa-di Nga c i c tissa l ho thng, c n xin tng, cho Sa-di y tu ln bc cao. nu s nhn cho Sa-di Nga c i c Tissa l ho thng tu ln bc cao ny va lng v i c no, v y nn nn thinh bng chng va lng v i c no, v i c y c php ci, ti trnh ln th ba ri. Suntume bhante sangho ayam ngo yasmato tissassa upasampad pekkho parisuddho antaryikehi dhammehi paripunnassa pattacvaram ngo sangham upasampadam ycati yasmat tissena upajjhyena sangho ngam upasampdeti yasmat tissena upajjhyena yassyasmato khamati ngassa upasampad yasmat tissena upajjhyena so tunhassa yassa nakkhamati so bhseyya. Bch ho i c tng... v y c php ci... ti trnh ln th t ri. Upasampanno sanghena nho yasmat tisena upajjhyena khamati sanghassa tsm tunh evametam dhraymi. Tn Sa-di Nga ny c i c Tissa l ho thng l ngi m Tng nhn cho tu ln bc cao ri. Tihiu chc rng: Tng bng lng, v s nn thinh ca tng. Thy Kit ma c dt bn phn, trnh cho Tng nghe xong gi no th gii t c ln T-khu gi y (y theo li ca c Th Tn gio truyn). Nhng ngi tu Pht, nu hc cc php th c tc gii theo cch gii trc xong ri, th phi nn bit rng trong cc php y chia ra lm 2 phn. Phn u chia ra lm 8 php: 1) Khi lm l nhn T-khu lm thy t . 2) Khi thy Kit ma ch bnh bt v ca sa. 3) Khi thy Kit ma bo gii t lui ra khi Tng v trnh cho Tng nghe r, hi gii t. 4) Khi thy Kit ma bo gii t lui ra khi Tng v trnh cho Tng nghe r, ri tr ra dy gii t. 5) Khi thy Kit ma tr v, c dt gii t vo ch Tng. 6) Khi gii t lm l ch Tng v c bi th c tc gii gia Tng. 7) Khi gii t c bi xin th c tc gii ri, thy Kit ma s hi cc php chng ngi. 8) Thy Kit ma hi cc php chng ngi gia Tng.

Phn sau l t khi thy kit ma Khi s c bi: Suntu me bhante sangho... Trnh cho Tng r n 4 bn. Phn u thuc v gii t. Phn sau thuc v phn ca thy Kit ma. Dt php truyn c tc gii -ooOoo-

GII LUT SA-DI

Nhng ngi hc Pht trc khi mun vo tu bc Sa-di phi thng hiu lut Sa-di, ngha l phi hc lut y theo gio php ca c Pht truyn dy, khng c canh ci. Gii lut y c 30 iu hc chia ra lm 3 phn: 1) Sikkhpada (php hc c 10 iu hc). 2) Dandakamma (php hnh pht c 10 iu hc). 3) Nsananha (php trc xut c 10 iu hc). ---o0o--1) MI PHP HC (SIKKHPADA) Phn ng Ngha

1. Pntipt veraman sikkhpadam 1. St sanh: Ti xin vng gi iu samdiymi hc, l c trnh xa s git thc loi sanh mng 2. Adinndn veraman sikkhpadam samdiymi 2. Trm cp: Ti xin vng gi iu hc l c trnh xa s trm cp 3. Abrahmacariy veraman sikkhpadam samdiymi 3. Thng dm: Ti xin vng gi iu hc l c trnh xa s thng dm 4. Musvd veraman sikkhpadam samdiymi 4. Vng ng: Ti xin vng gi iu hc l c trnh xa s ni di. 5. Surmeraya majjapamdatthn veraman sikkhpadam samdiymi 5. m tu: Ti xin vng gi iu hc

6. Vikla bhojn veraman sikkhpadam samdiymi 7. Naccagta vditavi sukadassan veraman sikkhpadam samdiymi

l c trnh xa s d dui ung ru. 6. n si gi: Ti xin vng gi iu hc l c trnh xa s n si gi (t ng ng cho n mt tri mc chng c php n vt chi).

8. Mlgandha vilepanadhrana mandana vibh sanatthna veraman 7. Ma ht, n kn: Ti xin vng gi sikkhpadam samdiymi iu hc l c trnh xa s ma ht, n kn v i xem ma ht nghe n 9. Uccsayana mahsayana kn. veraman sikkhpadam samdiymi 8. Trang im, thoa vt thm, di 10. Jtarparajata patiggahan phn v eo trng hoa: Ti xin vng veraman sikkhpadam samdiymi gi iu hc l c trnh xa s trang im, thoa vt thm, di phn v eo trng hoa. 9. Nm ngi ni qu cao v xinh p: Ti xin vng gi iu hc l c trnh xa ch nm v ngi ni qu cao v xinh p. 10. Th lnh v ct gi vng, bc chu bu: Ti xin vng gi iu hc l c trnh xa s th lnh v ct gi vng, bc chu bu hoc cm xc n cc vt y. ---o0o--2) MI PHP HNH PHT (DANDAKAMMA) 1. Viklabhogi hoti 2. Naccdiviskadassiko hoti 3. Mldidhrandiko hoti 1. n si gi. 2. Ma ht n kn v xem ma ht n kn. 3. Trang im,eo trng hoa v thoa

4. Uccsayanyiko hoti 5. Jtarparaja tapatigganhako hoti

vt thm. 4. Nm v ngi ni qu cao v xinh p

6. Bhikkhnam albh yvajvika parisakkati 5. Th lnh v ct gi hoc bo k khc th lnh, ct gi v cm xc n 7. Bhikkhnam anatth parisakkhati vng bc chu bu. 8. Bhikkhnam parisakkhati ana vsya 6. C lm cho T-khu khng c dng. 7. C lm cho T-khu mt s hu ch. 8. C lm cho T-khu khng c ch . 9. Mng chi T-khu. 10. Lm cho T-khu bt ho cng nhau. Sa-di phm 1 trong 10 iu k trn, th b T-khu hnh pht, nht l b bt gnh nc. ---o0o--3) MI PHP TRC XUT (NSANANGA) 1. Pntipti hoti 2. Adinndya hoti 3. Abrahmacari hoti 4. Musvdi hoti 5. Majjapyi hoti 1. Git loi ng vt. 2. Trm cp. 3. Thng dm. 4. Ni di. 5. Ung ru.

9. Bhikkhu akkosati paribbsati 10. Bhikkhu bhikkhhi bhedeti.

6. Bhikhnam albhya parisakkati 7. Bhikhnam anatthya parisakkati 8. Bhikhnam anavsya parisakkati 9. Bhikhnam akkosati parisakkati 10. Bhikkhu bhikkhhi bhedeti

6. C lm T-khu khng c dng. 7. C lm T-khu mt s hu ch. 8. C lm T-khu khng c ch . 9. Mng chi T-khu. 10. Lm cho T-khu bt ho cng nhau.

Sa-di phm 1 trong 10 iu k trn, th b trc xut Bn phn Sa-di phi hc thng thuc 30 php ni trn v cng phi th tr thm 75 iu ng hc php. (Xem trong gii bn T-khu ch "ng hc php". Ngoi ra, Sa-di cn phi hc thm nhng iu hc trong Ptimokkha: phm ti v i khin trch lokavajja. Nh trong 13 iu Tng tn, tr khi iu 5, 6, 7...). --- o0o ---

LI DY TIP (ANUSSANA)
Li ch m c Chnh Bin Tri ch nh cho T-khu l thy t dy bo t mi va c th l tu ln bc trn 9 (upasampad) sau khi tng tuyn ngn ln th t (natti catuttha kamma vc) cho T-khu mi y c bit ln ln. Gi l li dy tip (anussana). Li dy tip ny c 8 iu chia ra lm 2 on: "4 php nng" (nissaya)10 v "4 s khng nn lm" (akaramyakicca). Vt dng cho hng xut gia dng gi l php nng, c 4:. - Ddi khut thc - Mc y bn thu - Ng di bng cy - Dng thuc ngm vi nc tiu (nc tiu b en).

S m hng xut gia khng nn lm c 4: - Hnh dm - Trm cp - Git ngi - Khoe php bc cao nhn ---o0o--TAM HC (TRISIKKH) Cc c m hng xut gia phi tu tp gi l Hc (sikkh) c 3: Gii (sla), nh (samdhi), Tu (panna). S thu thc thn v khu cho chn chnh gi l "Gii", s trau di lm cho yn lng gi l "nh", s bit r trong cc sc tng gi l "Tu". PHM TI (PATTI). Ti pht sanh v s d dui iu hc m c Chnh Bin Tri cm ch (ngha l khng cho lm), gi l "phm ti". Phm ti y, gi theo tn c 7: 1. Bt cng tr (Prjika). 2. Tng tn (Sanghdisesa). 3. Trng ti (Thullaccaya). 4. ng i tr (Pcittiya). 5. ng pht l (Ptidesanya). 6. Tc c (Dukkata). 7. c ng (Dubbhsita). Ti Bt cng tr m T-khu phm ri, chng cn lm T-khu c na. Ti Tng tn, nu T-khu phm ri, phi chu hnh pht cm phng ri mi khi ti. Cn 5 ti sau, khi T-khu phm phi cung xng sm hi gia Tng, hoc 2, 3 v T-khu, hoc 1 v T-khu, ri mi ht ti. Th thc phm ti (pattpajjankra).

Th thc m T-khu phm cc ti c 6: 1. Phm v khng h thn (Alajjit). 2. Phm v khng bit ti (Annnat) l khng bit rng lm th ny, th kia m 3. phm. 3. Phm v hoi nghi m vn lm (Kukkuccapakatatta). 4. Phm v tng l nn trong iu khng nn (Akappiye kappiya sannit). 5. Phm v tng l khng nn trong iu nn (Kappiye akappiya sannit). 6. Phm v qun (Sati sammos). Ch gii: Nguyn nhn phm ti c 6 iu y nh vy: 1) Phm v khng h thn ti, l T-khu khng bit xu h ti, v lng ring t thng ring (chandgati), gin ring (dosgati), lm ring (mohgati), s ring (bhygati), m phm cc iu hc nh, ln, khng bit xu h, nh th gi l phm ti v khng bit xu h. 2) Phm v khng thng lut cm: T-khu ngu dt, khng bit rng iu no khng nn lm ri lm lc, lm iu y, iu no nn lm li lm sai, qu php lut, cho pht sanh ti, hoc khng bit iu hc ca Pht ch cm ri lm nh th gi l phm ti v s khng thng. 3) Phm v hoi nghi: T-khu c s nghi ng, khng hi lut s cu xin quyt nh trc ri mi nn lm nh th, ri lm theo ring ca mnh, v s nghi nan nn phm ti. Khi nghi ri, d lm iu nn hoc khng nn, cng khng khi ti; u mi iu hc, iu no v Tng tn, Trng ti, ng i tr hoc Tc c th phm theo iu y, nh th gi l phm ti v hoi nghi. 4) Phm do tng trong iu khng nn cho l nn: T-khu tng trong tht khng nn dng l nh tht gu, cp m tng l tht heo, hoc b, l tht nn dng, ri n th phm ti, hoc vt thc khng nn dng, ri n th phm ti, hoc chinh x ri tng l cn sm, ri th thc th phm ti, nh th gi l phm ti v tng trong vt thc khng nn cho l nn. 5) Phm v tng trong vt nn dng cho l khng nn l: T-khu tng trong tht nn dng, nh tht heo, b, cho l tht gu, cp khng nn dng, ri n vo th phm ti, hoc ngy cn sm tng l x, ri th thc vo th

phm ti, nh th gi l: phm ti v tng trong vt thc nn dng cho l khng nn. 6) Phm v qun l: T-khu nm ng trong ni lp, che vi ngi cha tu ln bc T-khu n 3 m, qua m th t, ri qun i nm, ng chung trong ni lp, che na th phm ti hoc qun, la xa 1 trong 3 y no th phm ti; hoc th thuc (ng, mt, sa) ri ct gia qu 7 ngy, th phm ti; hoc th y d qun khng gi hoc khng cho n k khc qu 10 ngy th phm ti ng x i tr, nh th gi l phm ti v qun. Ch sanh ti (samutthna). Ch sanh ti (samutthna) trong iu hc c 6: 1) Thn, 2) Khu, 3) Thn v khu, 4) Thn v , 5) Khu v , 6) Thn, khu v . Ti ch sanh ni thn hoc ch sanh ni khu l 1 ch sanh, nh th gi c 1 chi (anga). Sanh ni thn chung vi , hoc sanh ni khu vi , l 1 ch sanh, nh th gi l c 2 chi. Sanh ni thn chung vi khu v l 1 ch sanh, nh th gi l c 3 chi, 3 ch sanh trc, thn khu, thn v khu gi l ch sanh "khng c " [*] (acittaka samutthna), ngha l: Ch sanh ca ti "khng c " khng ln ln vi . Ba ch sanh sau l: thn khu , thn, khu, gi l ch sanh c . ngha l "ch sanh ti c " ln lc vi . [*] khng c lm cng phm ti Ti trong iu hc m T-khu du khng c cng phm gi l "v " (acittaka). Nu c , gi l "c " (sacittaka). Ti trong iu hc m T-khu phm ch v ch sanh th t l thn , nh trong iu hc "Bt cng tr th nht" (dm dc) (pathama prjika); ch phm v ch sanh th 5, l khu nh trong iu hc "thuyt php n ph n" (dhamma desan sikkhpada); ch phm v ch sanh th 6, l thn khu nh trong iu hc "chia r Tng" (sanghabheda sikkhpada), ba ch sanh ny gi l 1 ch sanh.

Ti trong iu hc m T-khu phm v ch sanh th 1 (thn) hoc th 4 (thn, ) nh trong iu hc "T-khu th lng cu" (elakaloma sikkhpada); phm v ti sanh th 2 (khu) hoc th 5 (khu, ) nh trong iu hc "dy k n ngi cha tu bc T-khu" (upasampanna) (pada dhamma sikkhpada); phm v ch sanh th 3 (thn khu) hoc th 6 (thn, khu, ) nh trong iu hc "l dng y th nht" [*] (pathama Kathina); phm v ch sanh th 4 (thn, ); hoc th 6 (thn, khu, ) nh trong iu hc "trn quan thu" (theyya sattha sikkhpada); phm v ch sanh th 5 (khu, ) hoc th 6 (thn, khu, ), nh trong iu hc "T-khu ni khng hi trc m lm l xut gia cho ph n c ti" (cirivutthapana sikkhpada); 5 iu hc ny gi l "c 2 ch sanh". [*] i l dng y n Tng trong 1 nm c 1 k, t 16 thng 9 n rm thng 10. Ti trong iu hc m T-khu phm v ch sanh th 1 (thn), th 2 (khu), th 3 (thn, khu) nh trong iu hc "T-khu ni thit php cao nhn" (bhtrocana sikkhpada); phm ti v ch sanh th 4 (thn, ), th 5 (khu, ) hoc th 6 (thn, khu, ) nh trong iu hc trm cp (adinndna sikkhpada). iu hc ny gi l c "3 ch sanh". Ti trong iu hc m T-khu phm v ch sanh th 1 (thn), th 3 (thn, khu), th 4 (thn, ), th 6 (thn, khu, ) nh trong iu hc "Tkhu i chung ng xa cng T-khu ni" (addhnasikkhpada); phm v ch sanh th 2 (khu), th 3 (thn, khu), th 5 (khu, ), th 6 (thn, khu, ) nh trong iu hc "T-khu ni lm l xut gia cho ph n m cha, m cha cho php" (ananaunnta sikkhpada); 2 iu hc ny gi l "c 4 ch sanh". Ti trong iu hc m T-khu phm v ch sanh th 1 (thn), th 2 (khu), th 3 (thn, khu), th 4 (thn, ), th 5 (khu, ), th 6 (thn, khu, ) nh trong iu hc "lm mai dong" (sancarita sikkhpada); iu hc ny gi l "c 6 ch sanh". Tt c iu hc, ni v Ch sanh ti (samutthna) c 13, c 13 ti y c 13 tn, do ch sanh theo iu hc ch ra ln u tin nh vy "ch sanh iu hc Bt cng tr th nht" (pathama prjika samutthna), "ch sanh iu hc trm cp" (adinndna samutthna), "ch sanh iu hc lm mai dong" (sancarita samutthna), "ch sanh iu hc tng li khuyn rn" (samanubhsana samutthna), "ch sanh iu hc l dng y ln th nht"

(pathama Kathina samutthna), "ch sanh iu hc T-khu th lng cu" (elakaloma samutthna), "ch sanh iu hc T-khu i ng xa chung cng T-khu ni" (addhna samutthna), "ch sanh iu hc trn quan thu" (theyyasattha samutthna), "ch sanh iu hc thuyt php n ph n "(dhammadesan samutthna), "ch sanh iu hc T-khu ni thit php bc cao nhn" (bhtrocana samutthna), "ch sanh iu hc T-khu ni lm l xut gia cho ph n m cha m cha cho php" (ananunntasamutthna). Phm ti pht sanh trong iu hc do thn v , iu hc y gi l "ch sanh iu hc Bt cng tr th nht" (pathama prjika samutthna). Phm ti trong iu hc pht sanh v c (3 ch sanh pha trc), iu hc y gi l "ch sanh iu hc trm cp" (adinndna samutthna). Phm ti trong iu hc pht sanh do c 6 ch sanh, iu hc y gi l ch sanh iu hc "ch sanh iu hc lm mai dong" (sancarita samutthna). Phm ti trong iu hc ch pht sanh do 1 ch sanh th 6, iu hc y gi l "ch sanh iu hc tng li khuyn rn" (samanubhsana samutthna). Phm ti trong iu hc pht sanh do ch sanh th 3 v th 6, iu hc y gi l "ch sanh iu hc l dng y ln th nht" (pathama Kathina samutthna). Phm ti trong iu hc pht sanh do ch sanh th 1 v th 4, iu hc y gi l "ch sanh iu hc T-khu th lng cu" (elakaloma samutthna). Phm ti trong iu hc pht sanh do ch sanh th 2 v th 5, iu hc y gi l "ch sanh iu hc dy k n ngi cha tu ln bc T-khu" (padaso dhamma samutthna). Phm ti trong iu hc ch pht sanh do 1 ch sanh th 5, iu hc y gi l "ch sanh iu hc thuyt php n ph n "(dhamma desan samutthna). Phm ti trong iu hc pht sanh do 3 ch sanh v pha trc, "ch sanh iu hc ni thit php bc cao nhn" (bhtrocana samutthna).

Phm ti trong iu hc pht sanh do ch sanh th 5 v th, iu hc y gi l "ch sanh iu hc T-khu ni lm l xut gia cho ph n c ti" (cirivutthpana samutthna). Phm ti trong iu hc pht sanh do ch sanh th 2, th 3, th 5 v th 6, iu hc y gi l "ch sanh iu hc T-khu ni lm l xut gia cho ph n m cha m cha cho php" (ananunntasamutthna). V ting gi l "v th thc c ch sanh" y l ni v: lm (kiriy), tng (sann), (citta), ti (vajja), nghip (kamma), tt c (tikka), dy ngi lm (anatti), theo th t nh vy: Phm ti trong cc iu hc v lm (kiriy) c 5: 1) Phm v lm (kiriy). 2) Phm v khng lm (akiriy). 3) Phm v lm v khng lm(kiriy akiriy). 4) Phm v lm cng c khng lm cng c (siyakiriy - siyakiriy). 5) Phm v lm cng c v khng lm cng c (siykiriy ykiriy kiriy). Ti trong iu hc m T-khu phm do thn hoc khu, nh trong iu hc "T-khu o t" (pathavikhana sikkhpada), iu hc y gi l phm v lm (kiriy). Ti trong iu hc m T-khu phm v khng lm, ngha l: t mnh phi lm hoc phi ni m khng lm khng ni, nh trong iu hc "l dng y ln th nht" (pathama Kathina sikkhpada) khng lm du v t tn, ct gi y qu 10 ngy, nh th iu hc y, gi l phm v khng lm (akiriy). Ti trong iu hc m T-khu phm v lm v khng lm nh trong iu hc "th y ni tay T-khu ni khng phi b con" (cvara patiggahana sikkhpada) khng i trc [*] mi phm ti, iu hc ny gi l "phm v lm v khng lm" (kiriy akiriy). [*] th l lm, khng i l khng lm Ti trong iu hc m T-khu phm v lm cng c v khng lm cng c, nh trong iu hc "th bc vng chu bu..."(rpiya patiggahana

sikkhpada), c T-khu phm v lm cng c l th bc vng chu bu..., c T-khu phm v khng lm cng c, l khng ra du ngn cn bc vng, chu bu... m ngi em n dng cho, iu hc ny gi l "phm v lm cng c v khng lm cng c" (siykiriy siyakiriy). Ti trong iu hc m T-khu phm v lm cng c, v lm v khng lm cng c nh trong iu hc "T-khu ct tht t bng vi, hoc bng t st" (kutikra sikkhpada), c khi phm ti v v do Tng ch ch, ri lm tht ln qu hn nh, iu hc ny gi l "phm v lm cng c, v lm v khng lm cng c" (siykiriy siykiriy kiriy). Li na, cc iu hc ni v tng (sann) c 2 l:. 1) Khi phm v tng (sannvimokkha). 2) Khng khi phm v tng (no sannvimokkha). Trong iu hc khi phm v tng, l khng phm v tng, l khng phm ti, nh nc c cn trng m tng rng khng c, ri ung khng phm ti. iu hc ny gi l Khi phm v tng (sannvimokkha). Trong iu hc khng khi ti v tng, nh mt tri chinh x m tng rng cha m dng vt thc th phm ti. iu hc ny gi l Khng khi phm v tng (no sannvimokkha). Li na, cc iu hc ni v c 2: c (sacittaka) v v (acittaka). Phm ti trong iu hc pht sanh do 3 "ch sanh c " (sacittaka samutthna), "thn , khu , thn khu ", khng lm ln vi "ch sanh v " (acittaka samutthna). iu hc nh th gi l "ch sanh c " (sacittaka samutthna). Phm ti trong iu hc pht sanh do 3 "ch sanh v " (acittaka samutthna) l thn, khu, thn v khu. iu hc nh th gi l v (acittaka). iu hc no gi l Khi phm v tng (sannvimokkha), iu hc y gi l v (sacittaka). iu hc no gi l khng khi phm v tng (no sannvimokkha), iu hc y gi l v (sacittaka).

Li na,cc iu hc ni v ti c 2: 1) Ti v i (loka vajja). 2) Ti v Pht cm (pannatti vajja). Phm ti trong iu hc no, du l v ,nh iu hc ung ru (surpana sikkhpada), trong thi phm v phn v , du T-khu khng bit l ru, ri cho vo khi c th phm ti, y l c tm v gc xan tham (lobhamla). iu hc ny gi l phm ti v i (loka vajja), l ti m bc tr tu nn lnh, nn khinh khi trong i. Cn ni c bit vt khng nn dng, nh bit l ru ri ung v tham, khng ni v ci bit lut cm l bit rng khng nn, nu bit l khng nn m khng tun lnh Pht, lm si iu hc v no, y ( bt bnh, bc bi) l gc ti. Cho nn iu hc ung ru (surpana sikkhpada), iu hc "T-khu i xem ng binh ao" (Uyyutta sikkhpada) v iu hc "T-khu i n ni chin trng" (uyyudhika sikkhpada) mi gi l v , c ti v i. Cn bit iu ti trong iu hc no du l lnh, iu hc y gi ti v Pht cm, l c ti m bc tr tu nn lnh v Pht cm. Li na, cc iu hc, ni v nghip c 3: thn nghip, khu nghip, thn v khu nghip. Ti trong iu hc no m T-khu ch phm v thn mn, nh ti pht sanh do ch sanh th 1 v th 4, iu hc y gi l "thn nghip". Ti trong iu hc no m T-khu ch phm v khu mn, nh ti pht sanh do ch sanh th 2 v th 5, iu hc y gi l "khu nghip". Ti trong iu hc no m T-khu ch phm trong thn v khu mn, iu hc y gi l "thn nghip, khu nghip". Li na Tikka c 2: 1) Phn tm c 3: ch ni v thin tm. 2) Phn th c 3: ch ni v th.

T-khu khi phm ti c tm lnh phm cng c, c tm d phm cng c, tm v k nh ng phm cng c. Li na, th kh m phm cng c, nh trong iu hc no, nu ni "ch c 1 tm" (ekacittam) nn hiu l ni v c tm: trong iu hc no, nu ni "c 2 tm" (dvicittam) nn hiu l ni v tm lnh v tm v k, trong iu hc no nu ni "c 3 tm" (ticittam) nn hiu l ni v tm lnh, tm d v tm v k . Trong iu hc no ni "c 1 th" (eka vedan) nn hiu l ni v th kh, trong iu hc no, ni c 2 th(dvi vedan) nn hiu l ni v th vui v th v k. Trong iu hc no ni "c 3 th" (tisso vedan) nn hiu l ni v th vui, th kh v th v k. Li na, phm ti trong iu hc ny m T-khu t mnh lm hoc bo ngi khc lm cng phm iu hc y gi l "Snattika", trong iu hc m T-khu t mnh lm mi phm, bo k khc lm th khng phm, iu hc y gi l "annattika". Nhng li ch gii trn y, c ni nht l v ch pht sanh ti (samutthna), y l phn bit cho thy r ti trong mi iu hc, s gii ra sau ny. -ooOooIU HC (SIKKHPADA) Lut cm m c Chnh Bin Tri ch nh t iu gi l iu hc (Sikkhpada) 11. iu hc c trong Gii bn 12 (Ptimokkha) cng c, khng c trong gii bn cng c. iu hc c trong Gii bn (ptimokkha) l: 1- Bt cng tr (prjika) c 4 iu. 2- Tng tn (sanghdisesa) c 13 iu. 3- Bt nh (aniyata) c 2 iu. 4- ng x i tr (nissaggiya) c 30 iu. 5- ng i tr (suddhika pcittiya) c 92 iu. 6- ng pht l (ptidesanya) c 4 iu. 8- ng hc php (sekhiyatavatta) c 75 iu.

Tng cng: 220 iu. Cng thm 7 iu Dit trnh (adhikarana samatha), thnh 227 iu. ---o0o--BIT BIT GII THOT THU THC GII (PTIMOKKHA SAMVARASLA) I. BN IU BT CNG TR (PRJIKA). Bit bit gii thot thu thc gii ngha l gi c 1 gii khi phm 1 ti. Bt Cng Tr ngha l khng c chung vi cc T-khu khc. 1) Hnh dm (Methuna dhamma). T-khu hnh dm phm ti Bt cng tr. iu hc ny c Th Tn cm ch ti x Kalanda, gn thnh Vesl, do T-khu Sudinna hnh dm vi v c. Ch gii: T-khu th C tc gii v nui mng chn chnh theo cc v khc, ri cha x tam y hon tc m hnh dm, du l dm vi sc sanh, cng phm Bt cng tr. T-khu l ngi th C tc gii theo chnh php ca Pht khu truyn cho Tng chng thu nhn, ri ha hp tip ni tng truyn (t i n n i kia) cho nhau bng li tng tuyn ngn 4 ln (catuttha kammvac) trnh khi 5 iu h hng l: - h hng v gii t (vatthuvipati) 13, - h hng v c sai ging Phn ng (Natthivipati)14 , - H hng v hi thiu (Anussavanavipati) 15, - H hng v a phn Tng hnh s phn ranh khng ng php (Sm vipati), - H hng v thiu s Tng (Purisavipati) 16. Nh th mi gi l T-khu. T-khu l ngi i kht thc, l xin c hoc khng cng vn t nhin, xin theo th thc ca bc thnh nhn. Sm

mai mc y cho kn mnh, mang bt n ng trc nh ca th ch l ngi cao, thp, trng, en, mp m, trai, gi. T-khu hoc l gi, tr, cao h hoc mi xut gia, nu c s bit mnh (l T-khu khng phi ngi in, khng c tm tn lon, khng hn m), c mun b tng mo T-khu v t li x iu hc (gii) khng ni chi, khng ni lm ln, mi gi l x iu hc. Cn c x iu hc c 22 cch, nhng y ch k vi cu thng dng l: Sikkham paccakkhmi (ti xin x iu hc). Vinayam paccakkhmi (ti xin x lut). Gihtimam dhrehi (xin ngi ghi nh rng ti l ngi th). Upsakotimam dhrehi (xin ngi ghi nh rng ti l ngi cn s nam). T-khu c lng thit x b iu hc n v no. v y c nghe v bit r li x y. Nh th mi gi l x iu hc. V s hnh dm (Methuna dhamma) l ngc hnh ca mnh vo khiu ca ngi, ca th sng hoc cht song khiu cha r, hoc cha b th bi m nhiu ch, du cho ngc hnh vo bng 1 ht m hoc bng u 1 si tc, v lng vui thch, hoc c ngi khc da dm p ngc hnh ca mnh ri vui thch trong 4 thi l: - Lc ngc hnh vo - Cho ngc hnh vo khiu - Khi vo ri - Rt ngc hnh ra. Hoc ngc hnh ca mnh di em vo ming mnh, hoc lng iu xung mt ngc hnh ca mnh v lng tha thch. Nhng th cch nh th gi l hnh dm. T-khu hnh dm phm ti Bt cng tr (Prjika), khng c php hnh tng s chung cng cc v Tkhu khc 30 khiu pht sanh ch hnh dm l:. - N nhn c 3 khiu - N phi nhn c 3 khiu - Th ci c 3 khiu Chng sanh c 2 b sanh trc kh:

- Nhn c 3 khiu - Phi nhn c 3 khiu - Th c 3 khiu - Nam nhn c 2 khiu - Phi nhn nam c 2 khiu - Th c c 2 khiu - B np nhn c 2 khiu - B np phi nhn c 2 khiu - B np th c 2 khiu Tng cng l 30 khiu. V phn th nh vy. Th khng thuc loi mnh di nh rn. Thy tc nh c, ra v.v... u c 3 khiu va cho ngc hnh vo, du ch bng ht m, hoc cng tc. Nh th l vt ca ti Bt cng tr. Nhng khiu nh hn l vt ca ti "Tc c". V loi c 2 chn nh: qu, g. v.v..., Th c 4 bn chn nh th nh. Nn hiu l vt ca ti "Bt cng tr" v "Tc c" nh ni. T-khu c mt rui hoc lng mc ni ngc hnh ca mnh cn bit s tip xc, cho vo 1 trong 30 khiu nh ni, du khiu y m da v tht lt l ht, song khiu cn r rt, nu c mun, ri hnh dm th phm ti Bt cng tr. T-khu c lng hoc mt rui mc ni ngc hnh khng cn bit s tip xc, cho vo khiu nh gii phm ti Tc c. Nu cc khiu y l ht, du hnh dng cc khiu y chng cn st, m T-khu c cho ngc hnh vo ni y phm "Trng ti". T-khu cho ngc hnh vo nhn mn, nh mn, t mn, v tho gh (phm kh gii) ca loi ngi phm "Trng ti". Tho gh, l mi ca th ln nh voi, nga, t thi ca loi ngi b th n na thn mnh cha snh, li hoc rng by ra ngoi ming, u l vt ca "Trng ti". L mt, l mi, ming vo c v khiu l, trong t thi ca ngi snh, u l vt ca ti Tc c. T-khu ngc hnh vo ming t thi khng ng cc pha, phm Tc c.

Nhng iu gi trn l phn phm ti. Cn v th thc khng phm ti trong iu hc ny l: T-khu khng bit, khng vui thch hoc in, tn lon, b bnh hn m v T-khu phm u tin ht. T-khu ng qun (m) c ngi n hnh dm m khng hay bit song chng vui thch chi c, nh th gi l khng vui thch, khng phm ti. Tkhu in hoc c ngi lm cho tm tn lon. T-khu b bnh nng lm cho tm hn m, nh th gi l hn m, khng phm ti. T-khu hnh dm u tin (trc ht) lm cho c Th Tn ra iu lut cm ch nh T-khu Sudinna phm ti hnh dm trc ht cc T-khu khc, gi l "ngi phm u, b cm ch" (Adikammika), khng phm ti. Li na, iu hc khng phm ti Bt cng tr v dy k khc (Annattika). Song khng khi phm ti Tc c (dukkhata). C 2 chi:. - tnh hnh dm (sevanacittam). - Cho ngc hnh vo khiu, tip xc nhm mt ch khiu no (Maggena maggapatipdanam). Nh th mi phm ti Bt cng tr bng khng 2 chi cng khng phm ti. iu hc ny c 1 ch sanh ti (samutthna) gi l ch sanh ti iu hc Bt cng tr th nht (Pathama prjika samutthna), ngha l pht sanh do thn, v 1 ch sanh, phm v lm (kiray), khi phm v tng (sannvimokkha), phm v c (Sacittaka). phm ti v i ch trch (lokavajja). phm do thn nghip (kyakamma), c tm (akusalacitta), th vui v v k (dvivedanam). 2) Trm cp (Adinndn). T-khu trm cp ca ngi ng gi 5 msaka [*] tr ln phm ti Bt cng tr. iu hc ny c Th Tn cm ch ti ni K x qut (Gijjakta) gn thnh Vng x (Rjagaha) do T-khu Dhaniya ly cy ca vua Tn b sa (Bimbisra) em i ct tnh tht. [*] Msaka l gi bc thng dng ngy xa bn x Trung n bng 6 cc bc ca ta (nm 1966).

Ch gii: Th thc trm cp c 6 l: 1) Kin ly (Adiyana): l kin ly rung vn, t ca k khc v lm ca mnh. Trong khi kin phm ti Tc c. Khi ch t ngh rng: "ta c hay khng c". T-khu phm Trng ti. Khi ch b hn rng "khng cn l ca ta na" v T-khu quyt nh khng tr ca y li cho h mi phm ti Bt cng tr. nu T-khu thm tnh, ch da dm thi th cha phm Bt cng tr. khi no c 2 bn l T-khu chc chn khng tr li cho ch v ch cng nh b ca y khng ku ni, mi phm ti Bt cng tr. 2) Tip em i (Harana): T-khu tip (i, vc) em ca ngi i. Nu c r ng vt (i) y, phm ti Tc c. Mi ln r ng lm cho vt y c ng qua li,phm Trng ti,mi ln c ng vt y xung vai hoc d hng u, phm Bt cng tr. cn v gnh vc trn vai v em cm ni tay cng k nh i trn u. 3) Du ni ngc (Ayaharana): T-khu lnh ca ngi gi, khi ngi ch n i, T-khu c du ri ni ngc li rng: "Ta khng bit, ta khng c lnh ca ngi u", c nh th phm ti Tc c. lm cho ngi ch nghi ng phm Trng ti. Khi ngi ch b v khng i c, v Tkhu quyt nh khng c tr li phm Bt cng tr (ca ngi gi, Tkhu lm mt, khng chu bi thng cng phm Bt cng tr ). 4) Lm cho i oai nghi (Iriyapatha vikopana): T-khu c trm cp em ca ci v ngi mang ca, ri ui ngi mang ca y, i khi bc u theo mnh, phm Trng ti, i khi bc th nh phm Bt cng tr. 5) Di khi ch (Thncpan): T-khu tnh trm cp ca trn kh hoc trong nc, ri ng chm nhm, phm Tc c. Lm cho vt c ng ti lui, phm Trng ti. Lm cho vt y ra khi ch, phm Bt cng tr . 6) Qua khi ch quan thu tra xt (Sanketavitinmana): T-khu bit ch quan thu i n ch, tnh khng ng thu, c r ng cm ly vt m mnh em i, nh gi thu 6 cc, phm Tc c. i bc u ra khi ch quan thu phm Trng ti, qua bc th 2 phm Bt cng tr. Li na, T-khu dy cc T-khu khc i trm cp, rng "ng i trm ly vt y" T-khu dy phm Tc c trong lc dy. T-khu i trm phn

bit rng "ca ny hoc vt ny, hoc bit rng vt khc, ri i ly c theo li dy nh th, c 2 u phm ti. Nu T-khu trm cp phn bit rng vt ny hoc vt khc, ri trm c vt khc, ngoi ra vt ca T-khu dy i n trm v nht nh, nh th T-khu dy khng phm, T-khu i trm phm Bt cng tr. T-khu dy rng "ng i trm ca y, vt y ca ngi kia trong gi no, trm trong gi y". Nh th nu T-khu dy trm c theo gi nh, c 2 T-khu u phm ti Bt cng tr trong gi trm. Nu trm ngoi gi dy, T-khu dy khng phm, T-khu trm phm ti Bt cng tr. Nhiu T-khu r nhau i trm, ch c 1 v trm c, c thy cng u phm ti Bt cng tr. T-khu hm da cho ngi s, ly ca nh ca bn trm cp, phm Bt cng tr. T-khu i th c vit tn v khc m th ch trn y em b th. ly th ca ngi cao gi, hoc thp hn hoc bng gi nh nhau, gn ca phn mnh, T-khu cm th ca mnh ln, v mun trong phn ca ngi khc, ly th ca mnh hoc ca ngi, m cha i th xung, phn ca ngi v mnh, phn ca mnh v ngi th cha phm, khi i xong, th xung ri mi phm Bt cng tr . Li na, T-khu tnh trm ca ngi ri i, lc i trm, i mi bc l 1 Tc c, r ng nhm cng phm Tc c, lm c ng ca trm phm Trng ti. n khi trm c ng gi 1 cc, phm Tc c. Nu ca y ng gi hn 1 cc tr ln, cha n 6 cc, phm Trng ti. Ca y ng 6 cc hoc nhiu hn phm Bt cng tr. Li na iu hc trm cp ny rt su xa, vi t c gii trong lut (samantapsdika). y ch gii tm tt vy thi, v ch v A la hn c dy: "iu hc ny rt cao su, kh nh ngha c". Cho nn khi c ngi t co T-khu trm cp, du c lut s c hi theo th thc trm cp, nu thy cng khng nn vi nh ti, nn hi n 5 iu ny trc. - Vt (vatthu). - Gi (kala). - X (padasa). - Gi (agha).

- Dng (paribhoga). "Vt" l ca T-khu trm, em vt y n hi tra coi, vt y c ch hay khng c ch, nu c ch, sau khi trm c, ch cn thng tic hay b. Nu ch cn thng tic, phi x theo gi vt trm, bng ch b, khng nn x phm Bt cng tr. nu ch i th nn tr li, nh th mi l chn chnh. "Thi" l lc trm vt y, c khi ca y cm gi, c khi ln gi. "X" l ch m T-khu trm ca c, trm trong x no, phi x theo gi trong x y. "Gi" l gi ca vt trm dng ri hoc cha. Nu vt y ngi dng ri th gi r. y l 5 iu nn tra hi trc. Th thc khng phm ti: T-khu tng l ca mnh ri cm ly, ly v thn thit vi nhau, mn nhau dng, vt y ca tinh, qu hoc sc sanh, khng phi ca ngi lm ngoi ng l vt khng c ch v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny phm ti v dy ngi khc trm (sanattika) c 5 chi: - Ca ngi gn gi (parapariggahitam). - Tng l ca ngi gn gi (paraparigg hitasannit). - Ca y ng gi 1 bt hoc cao hn (garuparikkhro) ("bt" bn x Trung n bn y bng 6 cc ca nc ta lu hnh n ngy nay - nm 1966). - tnh trm cp (theyyacittam). - trm c theo l gii trc (avaharanam). u c 5 chi y mi phm ti Bt cng tr. iu hc ny c 3 ch sanh gi l "ch sanh ti trm cp" (adinndn samutthna), l ti sanh do: - Thn - Khu

- Thn, khu, Phm v lm (kiriy), khi ti v tng (sannvimokkha), phm v c (sacittaka), phm ti v i (lokavajja), thn nghip (kyakamma), khu nghip (vackamma), c tm (akusalacitta). C 3 th: th kh (ekvedan), th vui (dvivedan) th v k (tissovedan). 3) Git ngi (Manussa viggaha). T-khu c git ngi phm ti Bt cng tr. iu hc ny c Th Tn cm ch ti phc x (phc x ny ct trong rng ln gn bin v ni Tuyt sn) c nh trong rng Tuyt sn, gn thnh Vesali do ch s st hi ln nhau v c nghe c Pht ging gii s trc v iu kh ca thn ng un, ri tng lm, nn git ln nhau cho khi kh. Ch gii: T-khu c git ngi, du l bo ch thuc ung, p, nh, ch cch git, hoc kh gii git ngi, hoc ging li tng khen v s cht rng: ngi sng c ch chi, xu xa, hn, khng bng cht cn hn, cht sanh v ci vui hoc dy cch cht, l dy "ngi nn m hng, nn ung thuc c...". Gii nh th m ngi cht trong khi y, hoc lu ngy mi cht, T-khu phm Bt cng tr. Ngi l vt ca Bt cng tr, khng phi ngi phi nhn (tinh, qu l vt ca Trng ti, th l vt ca ng i tr). T-khu dy ngi git c 6 iu: 1) nh git ngi: Dy k no, ngi chu li i git k y th phm ti c 2 ngi (ngi dy v ngi i git), nu git lm k khc, ngi bo khng phm Bt cng tr. 2) nh gi: Nu ngi chu li, git ngoi gi dy, th ngi dy khng phm Bt cng tr. 3) nh ch: Nu T-khu dy git ngi trong nh ny, ni khong trng kia, m ngi chu li i git ngoi ch nh, th ngi dy khng phm Bt cng tr.

4) nh kh gii: Dy ngi git bng ao, cha, ngi chu li dy i git bng kh gii khc, th ngi bo git khng phm Bt cng tr. 5) nh oai nghi: Dy git k ng hoc i, ngi chu li li git k ngi hoc nm, th ngi bo git khng phm Bt cng tr. 6) nh cch git: Dy git bng cch m hoc chm, ngi chu li li git bng cch nh hoc ca, th ngi bo git khng phm Bt cng tr. Li na, nu ngi chu li i git, khng c ngi dy, bo thm rng: nu ngi c th git c gi no nn git gi y, nh th du l lu n u, ngi git chc s git c, ngi dy phm Trng ti trong lc dy, ngi git phm ti trong khi git. T-khu o ging, o hm, gi by, kh gii hoc b thuc c git ngi, nu mun git ngi no, ngi y cht mi phm ti, bng khng nh ngha rng: "nhm k no th k y cht", nh th phm ti theo hng ngi cht; nh nhm A la hn, cha, m ca T-khu y cht th phm ng ngch i ti v "Bt cng tr". Nu k khc hoc tinh, ng qu, hoc th cht th phm Trng ti hoc ng i tr. Nu T-khu a by, vit th cho k khc hoc bn cho ngi em dng git th phm ti c 2 bn. Nu T-khu n nn, i i hoc mua vt y li th mi khi ti. T-khu t mnh lm by, vit th nn em t cho ht mi khi ti. Nu t cha chy ht, k khc em git ngi, T-khu cng khng khi ti; th cha chy tiu c k khc em hc git ngi, ri git theo th y, T-khu cng khng khi ti. T-khu o ging, o hm cho sanh vt cht, lc o phm ti Tc c mi ln o; nu th, phi nhn sa vo by, T-khu phm ti Tc c, th cht phm ng i tr, phi nhn cht phm Trng ti. Ngi mc by phm Trng ti, cht phm Bt cng tr. Th thc khng phm ti:

T-khu khng c git ngi, khng bit (nh khng bit trong cm c thuc c, em cho k khc n ri cht v T-khu in u khng phm ti). iu hc ny "phm ti v dy k khc git" (snatika) c 5 chi: 1) Loi ngi (manussajtipno) 2) Bit l ngi c sanh mng (pnasannit). 3) C git (upakkamo) 4) Rng sc git 1 trong 6 iu gii (vadhakacittam) 5) Ngi y cht v nnh rng sc (tena maranam). u c 5 chi y mi phm Bt cng tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthna vidhi) nh trong iu hc "cm trm cp" (adinndn samutthna), phm v lm (kiriy), khi phm v tng (sannvimokkha). C (sacittaka), phm v ti i (lokavajja), thn nghip (kyakamma), khu nghip (vacikamma), c tm (akusalacitta), th kh (ekvedan). 4) Khoe php bc cao nhn (Uttarimanussadhamma). T-khu khoe php ca bc cao nhn l php ca ngi cao thng m t mnh khng c, phm Bt cng tr. iu hc ny c Th Tn cm ch ti phc x, c nh (Rutgrasl), trong rng Tuyt sn gn thnh Qu-sa-li (Vsli), do nhm T-khu tu gn m sng "Veggumud" khoe php bc cao cho ngi tn ngng b th. Ch gii: T-khu cha gic ng, song l ngi ham mun s tng khen, ri khoe rng c php bc cao thng, m t mnh cha c, nu c ngi bit nghe r, trong khi y, sau ri b tra hi hoc khng b tra hi, T-khu y cng phm ti Bt cng tr. Du mun c trong sch, hon tc ri tr li ni rng: "Ti khng c o cao nhn c ni c, l ti ni di", nh th y cng khng khi phm Bt cng tr. Php ca bc cao nhn l "4 thin hu sc, 4 thin v sc, lc thng [*]; 4 o, 4 qu v Nit-bn, 37 phn php B ; khng tham, khng sn, khng si, 3 ci gic, 8 ci gic..." u l php ca bc cao nhn, v ngi no c cc php y u gi l bc cao thng hn thng nhn.

[*] lc thng l: nhn thng, nh thng, tha tm thng, tc mng thng, thn tc thng, lu tn thng. T-khu khng c php cao nhn trong mnh m ni rng "ta c s thin... ta c thn thng, ta c qu...", ni nh th, khi tnh ni cng bit ta s ni di, lc ang ni cng bit ta ang ni di, khoe n k khc nghe, k y du l bc xut gia hay c s c hiu bit trong khi y rng: "V Tkhu c thin nh o qu... ". H tin tht hoc h khng tin li ni tht, T-khu cng phm Bt cng tr. Nu ni n ngi nghe, khng hiu bit; T-khu phm Trng ti; mun khoe khoang m ni m rng "ngi no m ng trong cha ny u l ngi c thin nh", ngi nghe hiu bit trong khi y, T-khu phm Trng ti. Nu ngi nghe khng hiu bit, T-khu phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Ni thit rng mnh c... khng c khoe v T-khu in, u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc khoe (annattika), c 5 chi: 1) Khoe php bc cao nhn l t mnh khng c (Uttari manussadhammassa atni asantat). 2) Khoe v mun c li, c khen (ppicchatya tassa rocanam). 3) Khoe theo li ca ngi khc (anannpadeso). 4) Khoe ni n ngi no, ngi y l loi ngi (yassu roceti tassa manussajtikat). 5) Khoe m ngi nghe hiu bit r rt trong khi y (tamkhanam vijnanam). u c 5 chi y mi phm ti Bt cng tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) cng nh trong iu hc trm cp (adinndn). c Pht gii v 5 bn cp ln:

Ny cc T-khu, trong Pht php ny c 5 bn T-khu cp ln. Ny cc T-khu! 5 bn T-khu cp ln nh th no? Ny, cc T-khu! C bn cp ln trong th gian, suy xt rng: bao gi ta c 100 hoc 1000 b h quy thun, ta s vo trong xm, lng, chu, qun git hi t ph dn c y. n sau, bn cp y c 100 hoc 1000 ngi ty tng, ri em nhau vo xm, lng, chu, qun nh p git hi cc c dn y, th no. Ny cc thy T-khu! S suy xt ca T-khu c trong Pht php ny cng nh th. T-khu c y suy xt rng: Bao gi ta c 100 hoc 1000 ngi sng bi, ta s vo xm, lng, chu, qun, ta s c cc th y, mn n, ch v thuc men m cc hng c s hoc bc xut gia thnh tm cng dng. n khi sau, T-khu c y c 100 hoc 1000 ngi phc tng, ri vo xm lng chu, qun, xin c y, vt thc, ch v thuc men v cc hng c s hoc bc xut gia ht lng tn knh cng dng. Ny cc T-khu! T-khu y gi l k cp ln th nht, c r rt trong th gian. Ny cc T-khu! Cn nguyn nhn khc na: trong Pht php ny, c T-khu c, hc hi php lut m Nh Lai ging dy, ri t thiu t ly mnh 17. Ny, cc T-khu! T-khu y gi k cp ln th nh, c r rt trong th gian. Ny, cc T-khu! Cn nguyn nhn khc na trong Pht php ny c bn T-khu khc v c 18 t co T-khu tr gii thanh cao ang hnh php cao thng trong sch, rng tu hnh khng cao thng 19. Ny, cc T-khu! T-khu y gi l k cp ln th ba, c r rt trong th gian. Ny, cc T-khu! cn nguyn nhn khc na trong Pht php ny c Tkhu c, mun lm cho va lng hnh c s, em ti sn ca Tng hoc ph tng l: 1) bng v cy, 2) ch trng bng v cy, 3) tnh tht, 4) ch ct tnh tht, 5) ging, 6) bn thp di, 7) nm, 8) gi, 9) ni, 10) cn, 11) thng, 12) chu lm bng loi kim, 13) dao nh, 14) ba, 15) riu, 16) xung, 17) v, 18) dy, 19) tre di 8 ngn tay tr ln, 20) c thng, 21) c nn n, 22) c ng, 23) t st, 24) vt lm bng cy, 25) vt lm bng t. Ny, cc Tkhu, T-khu y gi l k cp ln th t, r rt trong th gian. [ti sn ca Tng t s 9 n 17 u lm bng kim loi.] Ny, cc T-khu! T-khu no khoe php bc cao nhn, m chnh mnh khng c r rt, T-khu y gi l k cp ln th nm, l k cp ln tt

bc trong th gian v c lun ci tri, ci D ma thin (Ym), ci Phm thin, trong cc bn chng sanh cho n Sa-mn, B-la-mn v cc bc vua cha. V sao Nh Lai gii nh th? Ny, cc T-khu, v T-khu cp cc cm ca hng c s em n. (c Chnh Bin Tri mun cho vic ny c r rt, mi gii thm k ngn sau y:). T-khu no tu hnh khng c trong sch, m lm cho k khc bit mnh l trong sch, T-khu y gi l cp vt thc ca h, em v dng, nh ngi th sn np mnh bn lm cy mong ch bn th. T-khu ch dng y ca-sa mc cho kn mnh, nhng tu hnh theo php xu xa, khng thu thc (theo php lut) l ngi rt d bn, T-khu y chc hn phi a vo a ngc v t mnh gy ra nghip quy. Nn n cc st ang chy nh ngn la cn tt hn T-khu ph gii khng thu thc (theo php lut) n cc cm ca hng c s. --- o0o --II. MI BA (13) IU HC TNG TN (SANGHA DISESA) (Tng Tn l ti m phi cn phi x pht vi s Tng t 4 v cho n phn ng). ---o0o--1) DI TINH (sukkavisatthi) T-khu c lm di tinh khi ch, phm Tng tn. iu h ny, c Pht cm ch ti K vin Tnh x (jetavana) gn thnh X v (Svatth) do T-khu Seyyasaka lm cho di tinh. Ch gii: T-khu mun di tinh cho khi bnh, cho c vui thch... ri rng sc dng tay hoc dy k khc lm, hoc r rm ngc hnh bng tay, hoc nm sp ngc hnh, hoc kp trong bp v ... ri lm cho di tinh, du ch va cho con rui nh nut c, du tinh cha ra, l cha xut ra ngoi cng phm ti Tng tn.

C mun cho di tinh, cm da ngc hnh tiu tin, tinh di phm Tng tn, tinh khng di phm Trng ti. C nm ngc hnh ca Sa-di ang ng, tinh di phm Tc c. Xem ch kn ca ph n, tinh di phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Lc nm mng khng, c v T-khu in u khng phm ti. Khng c cho tinh di v khng vui thch cng khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 3 chi: - Tc mun lm cho tinh di (cetan) - Rng sc lm (upakkamo). - Tinh di (mocanam). u c 3 chi y mi phm Tng tn. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) cng nh trong iu hc Bt cng tr th nht (pathama prjika samutthan). ---o0o--2) NG CHM VO MNH PH N (Kyasamsagga) T-khu c ng c vo mnh ph n, phm Tng tn. iu hc ny, c Pht cm ch ti K vin Tnh x (jetavana) gn thnh X v (svatthi) do T-khu Udyi r rm ph n. Ch gii: T-khu r rm mnh ph n, du mi sanh trong vng 1 ngy cng phm ti Tng tn. B np, n, ng qu, tinh, u l vt Trng ti, th ci, th c, ngi nam u l vt ca ti Tc c.

Ph n: T-khu bit l ph n ri chm nhm, v lng vui thch cho n s ng chm lng vi lng. Ph n ng m T-khu c lng vui thch s ng chm y, T-khu phm Tng tn. Ph n: T-khu nghi l ph n, hoc khng phi l ph n, hoc tng l b np, l ngi nam, l th ri ng nhm vt dnh vi thn mnh hoc chm vo vt dnh vi thn ph n, nh c nhm y phc ca ph n, hoc b np, T-khu phm Trng ti. T-khu ng vt dnh vi thn ph n, do vt dnh vi thn mnh, hoc ph n ling T-khu lnh, ling qua li hoc chm nhm b np, T-khu nghi hoc tng l ph n, l ngi nam hoc ngi nam m T-khu tng l ph n, l b np, l th, hoc nghi ri m c lng vui thch, ri ng nhm mnh hoc c nhm vt dnh vi thn ling vt y qua li... nh th u phm ti Tc c. phm nhiu hay t ty theo vt v mi ln ng. T-khu r hnh ph n, hoc nm cht, r bng 1 ngn tay hoc trn bn tay, r t u ti chn khng ri ch phm 1 ti. Nu vt khc nhau ri r bng 5 ngn tay th phm n 5 ti. Th thc khng phm ti: Ph n ng nhm T-khu, T-khu khng vui thch v khng c mun ng, du bit s ng chm y hoc mun cho khi ri x ra hoc chm nhm v c , khng bit, qun v khng lng vui thch, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 5 chi: - Ngi ph n (manussitth) - Tng l ph n (itthsannit). - Rng sc ng chm va theo s vui thch (tenargena vymo). - Vui thch v s chm nhm mnh ph n (kyasamsaggargo). - ng chm vi nhau, nht l nm tay (hatthaghdi sampajjnam). u c 5 chi y mi phm Tng tn . Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc Bt cng tr th nht (pathama prjika sikkhpada) .

---o0o--3) NI LI HOA TNH (dutthullavc) T-khu ni li thp hn, ni ngay sn mn, ni vi ph n, nh th phm Tng tn . iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin Tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X v (savatthi) do T-khu Udyi ni li hn th tc vi ph n. Ch gii: T-khu c vui thch ri tru gho ph n nh trai tru gho gi, ph n bit trong khi y, phm Tng tn, ngi ph n bit li tt hoc xu v s hnh dm l vt pht sanh Tng tn. vt lm cho sanh Trng ti v Tc c nh trong iu hc trc. li ni v sn mn v giang mn v s dm dc vi ph n u gi l hn, thuc v ch pht sanh Tng tn. Trong thn ph n t ngc sp xung t u gi tr ln l vt cho sanh Trng ti. t chi ngoi ra l vt cho sanh Tc c. T-khu ni: Ny ph n no hu h bng nhc dc, n ngi c gii lut, c o c hnh php phm hnh (hnh thanh cao) nh ta, s hu h y l cao thng hn cc s hu h khc, nu ph n hiu c trong khi y, Tkhu phm Tng tn. iu hc ny c 5 chi: - ngi n (manussitth). - Tng l ngi n (itthsannit). - Vui thch trong ch ni li hoa tnh (dutthullavcsargo). - Khen s vui thch y (tenargena). - Ph n nghe hiu c trong khi y (tamkhanam vajnanam). Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc trc, ch khc nhau ch ni, khen s hu h bng nhc dc. ---o0o--4) HU H MNH BNG NHC DC (attma pricariya).

T-khu c tnh dc ni m cho ph n hu h mnh bng nhc dc, phm Tng tn. iu hc ny cm ch ti K vin Tnh x gn thnh X v (svatthi) do Tkhu Udyi bo ph n hu h mnh bng nhc dc. Ch gii: T-khu ni: Ny em gi, ph n hu h ngi c gii, c o c, hnh php phm hnh nh ta, bng nhc dc, s hi hi cao thng hn cc s hu h khc. Nu ph n hiu c trong khi y, T-khu phm Tng tn. iu hc ny c 5 chi: - ngi (maunssitth). - tng l ngi n (Itthsannit). - vui thch trong s hu h mnh bng nhc dc (attakma pricriayargo). - khen s vui thch (Tenaraganavannabbhananam). - ph n hiu bit trong khi y (Tamkhanamvacnanam). Ch sanh ti nh trong iu hc trc, ch khc nhau ch ni khen bng s nhc dc. ---o0o--5) LM MAI DONG (Sancaritta) T-khu lm mai dong cho trai v gi lm v chng nhau phm Tng tn. iu hc ny cm ch ti K vin Tnh x gn thnh X v (svatthi) do Tkhu Udyi lm mai dong. Ch gii: Ngi nam, ngi n (khng phi l ng qu, tinh) l k th hoc l ngi xut gia cha c lm chng v, hoc lm chng v m t b hn nhau ri, du l cha m ca T-khu, u l vt cho sanh Tng tn. S em mai mi c 3 chi: 1) Nam hoc n, hoc cha m ca ngi n, hoc ca ngi nam, cu Tkhu ni n ngi n, hoc ngi nam ni n cha m ca ngi n (patigganhti).

2) H cu i ni ngi no, T-khu ni vi ngi y rng: "ngi hy lm chng, lm v vi nhau, hoc trai gi cng nhau (vimamseti)". 3) Ngi no cu i ni, T-khu tr v ni vi ngi y (paccharati). Lm mai dong cho ngi, c hoc khng c khng quan trng, nu c 3 chi y, phm ti Tng tn. nu ch c 2 chi, l chu i ni hoc ni ri, tr li cho hay (1 trong 2 chi no) th phm Trng ti. Nu ch c 1 chi l chu i ni hoc tr v ni li (trong 1 chi no) th phm ti Tc c. Nu trai cu T-khu i ni vi gi c m gn gi, T-khu i ni vi gi vi cha, nh th sai li cu, khng phm Tng tn. T-khu lm mai dong cho b np phm Trng ti. Th thc khng phm ti: T-khu em tin ca Tng, tin ca T-khu bnh v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny phm ti v dy k khc (snattika). T-khu chu li ngi, dy k khc ni n trai, hoc gi ni ri, dy k khc tr v ni cho ngi cu y hay, cng phm Tng tn. c 5 chi: 1) em li cho ngi no, ngi y l ngi thit (khng phi phi nhn) (yesam sancarittam sampajjati tesam manussajtikat). 2) H khng phi l v chng vi nhau t trc hoc l c lm chng v ri, song t b nhau hn ri (nanlamvacaniyat). 3) Chu li cu (patigganhnam). 4) Ni theo li ngi cu (vimamsanam). 5) Tr li cho ngi cu hay bit (paccharanni). u c 5 chi y mi phm Tng tn. C 6 ch sanh (smutthna) l: 1) T-khu khng bit lut cm, hoc khng bit h t b hn nhau ri, chu li i ni, hoc ra du hiu tr li cho hay bng cch ra du hiu, nh th l ti pht sanh do thn.

2) T-khu ngi, trai n hi rng: "gi y s li tm ng, xin ng bit bng ngi" ri T-khu chu li rng "! phi ri". Khi gi n T-khu ni li, khi trai tr li th T-khu cho hay nh th, l ti pht sanh do khu, v Tkhu khng c ra du hiu. Li na, T-khu nhn li ca trai bng khu, ri i n nh gi, v nguyn nhn no khc tr li gp ni vi trai y, nh th, gi l ch pht sanh do khu. 3) T-khu khng bit lut cm, du bc A la hn cha dy i, ngi cng i ni vi m (y ni v cha m t b nhau ri), rng: ngi v cho cha m hay bit, nh th gi ti pht sanh do thn khu (3 cch) nh th gi l "ch sanh ti v v " (acittaka samutthna) ngha l: T-khu bit, hoc l khng bit cng phm ti. T-khu bit lut cm, hoc bit rng: h t b hn ri: h t b hn ri, cn em mai mi c 3 cch y, 3 ch sanh y gi l "ch sanh iu hc lm mai dong" v bit lut cm v bit r h b hn nhau ri gi l: c 6 ch sanh nh th. Phm v lm (kiriy), khng phm v tng (no sann vimokkha) khng c phm (acittaka), ti v Pht cm (pannatiitvajja) thn nghip (kyakamma), khu nghip (vackamma) c 3 tm (ticittam), c 3 th (tissovedan), th vui, th kh v th v k. ---o0o--6) TO THT (sanncika) T-khu to tht t bng vi vi t st khng c ngi ng lm ch ct cho mnh , phi lm cho ng mc thc, l: b di 12 gang, b ngang 7 gang (1 gang ca c Pht, bng 3 gang ngi thng), khi ct phi do Tng ch ch trc ri mi nn ct, nu khng do Tng (sangha) ch ch hoc ct cho qu mc, phm Tng tn. iu hc ny gi Ktikra cng c. iu ny, c Pht cm ch ti Trc lm tnh x (Veluvan) gn thnh Vng x (Rjagaha) do ch s A la vi dy ngi ct tht cho mnh qu mc nh.

Ch gii: T-khu ch tht khng cho Tng ch ch ct, hoc ct ln qu thc tc, trong mi khi lm phm ti Tc c, cn d vi 2 cc na th ct xong cn d 1 cc u phm Tng tn lm xong phm Tng tn. iu hc ny c 7 chi: - M t pha trong v pha ngoi - Pha di khng ng thc. - Khng c Tng ch ch cho - Ct ln qu thc - Ct cho mnh - Ct lm - T c nc v vch Ch sanh ti nh trong iu hc lm mai dong (sancarita). ---o0o--7) TO THT LN (mahallaka) T-khu to tht ln, nu tht y c th ch, lm ch ct, lm ln qu mc thc c, song phi trnh cho Tng ch ch trc mi nn lm. Nu Tkhu khng cho Tng ch ch, ct phm Tng tn. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti tnh x ca trng gi (ghosita) gn thnh Kosambi do T-khu Channa to tht ln qu mc thc. Ch gii: iu hc ny nh iu hc trc, ch khc nhau y l khng nh "tht ln, nh". ---o0o--8) V C CO GIAN (amlaka). T-khu gin ri c co v khc ri phm ti Bt cng tr,do khng c c phm Tng tn. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti Trc Lm tnh x (Veluvana), gn thnh Vng x (Rjagaha) do T-khu Mettiya v Kummajaka co gian i c Dabbamallaputa, Sa-di 7 tui c A la hn qu.

Ch gii: T-khu v c co gian du sau c ai hi, ri t mnh khai rng "Ti ni di nh th y", cng phm Tng tn. Trong khi t co y mt khng thy, tai khng nghe, khng nghi rng "T-khu y phm 1 trong 4 ti Bt cng tr", khng nghe ai ni, nh th gi l v c co gian. Co gian c 4 cch, co rng: - ng hnh dm (ch vt). - ng phm ti v hnh dm (ch ti). - Hnh l pht l (Uposatha), l l T t (Pavran: l sau khi nhp h ri, nhm ngy rm thng 9, Tng nhm li m t ti cng nhau), hnh Tng s vi ng khng c. - ng khng phi l Sa-mn (cm ngn s tn knh). Co gian u n iu th t, mi phm ti. T-khu co gian n ngi trong sch (v ti) hoc khng trong sch, co v ti Bt cng tr no, mun cho T-khu y xa khi phm hnh (brahmacariya), khng cho T-khu y bit trc bng li ny "Ngi hy cho php ti, ti mun ni vi ngi (Karotume yasm Oksam ahantam)". Nu khng ni nh th trc, ri t co sau, m T-khu y bit trong khi y rng "H co mnh nh th", T-khu tin co phm ti Tng tn v ti Tc c trong mi li co gian, khi tin co cho T-khu b co bit trc ri s co sau, ch c phm 1 ti Tng tn, du l T-khu co bng li ni hoc ra du hiu trc mt, cng vy. (Co "sau lng", lc vng mt khng k). T-khu dy k khc co, ngi co, do theo li dy co gian, th ch c ngi dy phm ti, nh on trn gii r. nu ngi chu li i co ni "ta cng c thy, c nghe vy", th phm ti Tng tn c 2 ngi. T-khu khng cho ngi bit trc ri chi mng phm ti ng i tr v ti Tc c. Nu cho bit trc ri cnh co sau, ch phm 1 ti ng i tr. Th thc khng phm ti: T-khu tng l ngi khng trong sch l ngi trong sch, l ngi trong sch trong ngi khng trong sch i co, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny phm ti v dy ngi (Snattika), c 5 chi:

- T mnh co hoc dy ngi co ngi tu ln bc trn (upasampannoti samkhayam gamanam). - Tng ngi y l ngi trong sch (tasmim suddhasannit). - Co v ti Bt cng tr, khng c c (amulakat). - T mnh co hoc dy ngi co trc mt, cho xa khi phm hnh (cvan dhippyenasammukhcodanvcodpadv). - Ngi b co bit trong khi y (tassatamkhanam vijnanam). u 5 chi y mi phm Tng tn. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) cng nh trong iu hc trm cp (adinndna samutthna) ch khc nhau iu hc ny thuc v th kh. ---o0o--9) NHN C KHC CO GIAN (Annabhgiya). T-khu gin hn ngi khc ri c tm c, nht l tm dng, phi em co ngi v ti Bt cng tr, phm Tng tn. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti Trc Lm tnh x (Veluvana) gn thnh Vng x (Rjagaha) do T-khu Mettiya v Kummajaka nhn c khc m co gian v A la hn Dabbamallaputta. Ch gii: T-khu nhn c khc, nht l dng vua em co v khc phm mt ti Bt cng tr, no ri dng dng y lm c cho T-khu cng thuc dng vua nh nhau rng "ngi l dng vua, hnh dm phm ti Bt cng tr" v ta c thy, c nghe, hoc nghi nh th; phm ti Tng tn trong khi y, du v sau c khai thit cng khng khi phm ti. ---o0o--10) CHIA R TNG (sanghabheba). T-khu rng sc chia r Tng (Sangha: ngha l 1 nhm T -khu t 4 v tr ln ho thun nhau hnh o) cho xa nhau, Tng tng li khuyn can, ngn cm cho b s y, nu khng b, phm Tng tn.

iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti Trc Lm tnh x (Veluvana) gn thnh Vng x (Rjagaha) do T-khu b t a (Devadatta) chia r Tng. Ch gii: T-khu khuyn "ngi chng nn lm nh th, ngi hy thun ho vi Tng, v Tng ho ho nh th mi c an vui", nu T-khu khng nghe li khuyn can th phm ti Tc c. T-khu c nghe, c thy m khng ngn cm cng phm ti Tc c. T-khu khng th khuyn can c na, nn cho cc T-khu khc hay bit gi T-khu y vo gia Tng, cho Tng tng Samanubhsana (l li khuyn rn). Nu chu b th tt, bng khng thun, phm Tc c. Tng tng Samanubhsana xong 1 bn, T-khu phm 1 ti Tc c; tng xong 2 bn, T-khu khng b phm Trng ti; tng xong 3 bn, phm Tng tn. Th thc khng phm ti: Tng cha tng Samanubhsana m T-khu chu b, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny c 4 chi: - Rng sc chia r Tng (bhedyaparakkamanam). - Tng hnh Tng s theo php (dhammakammena samanubhsanam). - Tng dt thi khuyn can ln th ba (dhammavc pariyosnam). - Khng chu b t kin (appatinissajanam). Ch sanh ti: thuc v tng li khuyn rn (samanubhsana samutthna), phm v khng lm (akiriy) khng phm v tng (sannavimokkha) c (sacittaka) ti v i (lokavajja), thn nghip (kyakamma), khu nghip (vackamma), c tm (akusalacitta), th kh (dukkhavedan). ---o0o--11) HNH THEO T-KHU CHIA R TNG (Bhednuvattaka). T-khu hnh theo T-khu chia r Tng, cc v khc khuyn rn khng nghe, Tng tng Samanubhsana ngn cm cho dt b s hnh vi y, nu khng tun theo phm Tng tn. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) cng nh trong iu hc trc.

iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti Trc Lm tnh x (Veluvana) gn thnh Vng x (Rjagaha) do T-khu Kajamo, Rakatissa, Khanda, Deviputta v Samuddadatta, hnh theo T-khu chia r Tng. ---o0o--12) T-KHU CNG CI (Dubbaccaatika). T-khu c tnh kh dy, v khc khuyn dy cng khng nghe, Tng tng Samanubhsana ngn cm b cha nghip y, nu khng tun theo phm Tng tn. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti Ghositrma gn thnh Kosambi do Tkhu Channa cng ci. Ch gii: T-khu khng cho v khc thc tnh, ni rng "cc ngi ng ni li chi tt, hoc li chi xu n ti, ti cng chng ni li lnh hoc d n vi cc ngi, vy cc ngi hy nn thinh, ng nhc nh ti nh th". Khi cc v khc khuyn ln m khng nghe, nn em T-khu y n gia Tng tng Samanubhsana. Khi tng n 3 bn m khng cha b tnh c, khng tun theo li khuyn nh ca Tng, th phm ti Tng tn. ---o0o--13) T-KHU NNH HT (Kuladsaka). T-khu b k th. Tng x, ui ra khi cha, ri cn tr li hy bng Tng. Tng tng Samanubhsana ngn cm, nu khng tun theo, phm ti Tng tn. iu hc ny cm ch ti K vin Tnh x gn thnh X v (Svatthi) do Tkhu Assagi, Punabhasuka nnh ht. Ch gii: T-khu ng ni lng, xm, nnh ht, cho tri cy, bng cy... n k th cho h mt qu phc ca s b th lm n mnh,nh th gi l nnh ht. T-khu c tnh xu xa trng cy cho ngi th, lm nhng vic y r rt, n tai, mt ngi, v khc c thy, c nghe, nn ui ra khi xm lng, T-khu y tr li ni xu Tng, ui rng "thin v", v thng

(chandgati) hoc ght (dosgati), hoc lm lc (mohagati) hoc s (bhaagati). Ni nh th, cc v khc nghe c, thy c, nn ngn cm khng cho hy bng Tng, nu ngn cm khng c phi em n gia Tng tng Samanubhsana 3 bn ri m khng b tnh xa, th phm Tng tn. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc trc. *** T iu hc "di tinh" (sukkavisatthi) n iu hc "nhn c khc co gian" (annabhgiya), T-khu phm ti trong khi ph gii ln u (pathampattika) trong 4 iu hc sau (10,11,12,13) T-khu phm ti khi Tng tng Samanubhsana xong 3 bn (yvatatiyak) m khng tun theo th mi phm ti Tng tn. ---o0o--III. IU HC BT NH (ANIYATTA) Bt nh ngha l ch kn hoc ch trng khng nh cho nn c phm ti, nhng khng c th nh ti trc c 1) CH C TH HNH DM (Alamkammaniya). T-khu ngi trong ch khut mt, ch hai ngi vi ph n, nu c ngi ng tin li ni c, n co v phm 1 trong 3 ti Bt cng tr, Tng tn, ng i tr, nu T-khu no cho lut s x on theo iu lut y, hoc h co ngay ti no, cho lut s y, hoc h co ngay ti no, cho lut s trng pht ngay ti y. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do nng Viskh thy T-khu Udyi, ngi ni khut mt vi 4 ngi n. Ch gii: T-khu nm hoc ngi trong ch khut mt vi ph n, nu c tn n ng tin li l bc qu nhn c thy T-khu ri i co v ti Bt cng tr hoc Tng tn hoc ng i tr. T-khu th ti no cho lut s x theo ti y, nu chu c hnh dm th phm theo ti Bt cng tr, chu c r rm ph n th nn pht cm phng, do theo iu hc Tng tn, nu thy

ngi hoc nm vi ph n nn pht ng i tr, bng khai rng, mnh ng hoc ph n ng, khng lm iu chi th lut s khng nn x pht, v s tht y c khi ng nh c thy, c khi cng khng ng thit nh thy khng r rt. T-khu tm ph n ni thanh vng v tnh dc, i mi bc l mi phm ti Tc c, i n ni ngi, hoc nm v ph n mi n ngi hoc nm xung hoc ph n ngi hoc nm xung hoc ph n ngi, hoc nm, Tkhu mi n ngi hoc nm xung hay hai ngi cng ngi hoc cng nm cng nhau phm ng i tr. Nu c ngi nam sng mt ngi xa 1, 2 hc tay, va xem thy c, l ngi c tm phng ng, du ngi ng gc, Tkhu cng khng khi phm ti, ngi sng mt nhng ng qun, ngi k bn, du c 100 ph n, T-khu cng khng khi phm ti. Th thc khng phm ti: C ngi nam bit chuyn, mt khng m, nm khng ng, hoc ngi nam i vo ni y, hoc T-khu khi ng, hoc ph n ng, T-khu ngi m tm tng u u v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi (annattika). Ch phm ti trong iu hc ny l li th nhn ca T-khu. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc Bt cng tr, ch sanh ti th nht (pathama prjikakkhpada). ---o0o--2) CH KHNG TH HNH DM (Anlam Kammaniya). T-khu ngi ch khut tai 2 ngi vi ph n, nu c ngi ng tin li c n co vi phm 1 trong 2 ti Tng tn hoc ng i tr. Nu T-khu nhn phm ti no cho lut s x theo ti y, nu h co ngay iu hc no, cho lut s x pht ngay ti y. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do nng Viskh thy T-khu Udyi ngi ch khut tai vi h n.

Ch gii: iu hc ny cng nh iu hc trc, ch khc nhau ch, du ph n hoc ngi nam bit chuyn, khng m, khng ic, ngi hoc ng trong khong cch xa 12 hc tay du c tm phng tng hoc ng qun cng khi ti. Ngi ic du mt sng, ngi m khng ic cng khng khi ti c. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc trm cp (sikkhpada adinndn). --- o0o --IV. 30 IU HC NG X I TR (NISSAGGIYA PCITTIYA)

ng x i tr ngha l phm php cha ct y csa, bnh bt, vng, bc, tri lut, nu chu x vt y giao cho Tng ri sm hi mi c khi ti. Chia lm 3 phn: 1) L dng y ln th nht. (cvaravagga) c 10 iu. 2) Nga c trn vi ch t ln th nh (kositavagga) c 10 iu. 3) Bnh bt d ln th ba (pattavagga) c 10 iu. 1) L DNG Y LN TH NHT. C 10 iu hc: 1/- L Dng Y Ln Th Nht (pathama kathina). Y cha gi, cha nguyn gi l y d (atirekacvara) khi ht hn qu bo l Dng y ri T-khu em ct gi y d y, lu lm l n 10 ngy. Nu qu 10 ngy phm ng x i tr, ngha l y y, l vt phi x, cn T-khu phm ng x i tr (pacittiya). iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti thp Gotamaka gn thnh X v (Svatthi) do nanda hi Pht. Ch gii: Y c 6 th:

- Y dt bng ch v cy (khomam). - Y dt bng ch bng (kappsikam). - Y dt bng ch t (koseyyam). - Y dt bng lng th (tr lng c ngi, lng ui, lng cnh ca th) (kambalam). - Y dt bng cy gai (snam). - Y lm trn vi 5 th ch trn (bhangam). Tt c y lm bng 1 trong 6 th ch y, nu T-khu ct gi n mt tri mc n ngy th 11 k t ngy th y m khng gi, khng nguyn, khng x, trong hn k 10 ngy, th phm ng x i tr. Nu khng x cho Tng, cho 1, 2 hoc 3 T-khu trc m em ra mc, phm Tc c (dukkata). Y qu 10 ngy T-khu bit rng qu 10 ngy hoc nghi, hoc tng cha qu cng phm ng x i tr. Y ch qu 10 ngy tng qu, hoc nghi em ra mc, phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: T-khu nguyn, gi, x cho ngi no trc 10 ngy, y thy tiu mt, b la chy, b trm cp, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi (annattika) c 5 chi: - Y ca mnh (cvarassa attanosantakat). - Y y n tay mnh, hoc c nghe ri l y ca mnh (gananupagt). - 2 iu bn (Palibodha) dt (niccha Palibodhabhvo) [xem trong Kathina-khandhaka] - y y l y d (atirekacivarat). - qu 10 ngy (dashtikamo). u c 5 chi y mi phm ng x i tr. Ch sanh ti nh trong iu hc l dng y ln nht (pathamakathina), phm ti pht sanh do thn nghip (kayakamma), do thn khu (kyavccitta), phm v khng lm (akiriy), khng khi phm v tng (nosannvimokkha), v cng phm (acittaka), phm v Pht cm (pannttivajja), thn nghip (kyakamma), khu nghip (vackamma), c 3 tm (ticittam), c 3 th (tissovedan).

2/- L Dng Y Ln Th Nh (dutiya Kathina). Khi mn hn k qu bo l Dng y ri, T-khu cn xa la Tam y, du ch trong 1 m cng phm ng x i tr, tr ra T-khu c bnh v c Tng cho php (iu hc ny gi l "uddosita" cng c.). iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do c nanda i thy T-khu em y hong nng rt nhiu, nn hi thm mi hay l y ca ch T-khu gi, b i n x khc, do c y, c nanda bn bch vi Pht. Ch gii: T-khu y trong ch khng c ngn, che, phi trong ni y khng nn x 1 hc, 1 gan. Nu ni y c nhiu ch, l ni c ngn che, y ni no, phi trong ni y, hoc trong ch hi, hoc gn ca l ni v ra, khng nn xa la khi hc (hatthapsa). Nu xa khi hc n mt tri mc, phm ng x i tr. Phi x y y n Tng, n 2, 3 T-khu hoc n mt T-khu, nn mi mc c, phi x trc ri sm hi sau mi khi ti. Tam y m T-khu xa la ri, bit rng xa la, hoc nghi, hoc tng, khng xa la cng phm ng x i tr. Tam y m T-khu cha xa la, tng rng xa la hoc nghi ri em, mc phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: T-khu nguyn gi... trc khi mt tri mc, T-khu c bnh c Tng cho php v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm v dy ngi (annattika) c 4 chi: - Y m T-khu nguyn t tn ri (adhitthita cvarat). - Khng c qubo l Dng y (anatthatakathinat). - Khng c Tng cho php (aladdhasammatit). - xa y y n khi mt tri mc(rattivikappavso). u c 4 chi y phm ng i tr.

Ch sanh ti trong iu hc "l dng y ln th nht" ch khc nhau l iu hc trc khng c nguyn, khng c gi gi l phm "v khnglm "(akiray), trong iu hc ny v khng x nguyn trc khi mt tri mc gi l phm v khng lm" (akiriy). 3/- L Dng Y Ln Th 3 (Tatiya Kathina). Nu vi pht sanh ngoi l dng y (aklacvara) n T-khu [*], T-khu c ri mun lm y nhng vi y thiu,khng , nu c tm thm hoc tin chc rng s c vi na, nn vi y lu lm n 1 thng phm ng x i tr. [*] xem trong Kathina-khandhaka: tam y pht sanh trong 11 thng, t 16/10 nm ny n rm thng 9 nm sau, gi l y ngoi l dng y. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do Ngi ng xem thy T-khu c vi mun lm y m thiu, song c tm vi thm may y. Ch sanh ti nh trong iu hc l Dng y ln th nht, ch khc nhau l iu hc ny qu 1 thng. 4/- Dy T-khu ni git y (cvara dhovana). T-khu sai T-khu ni khng phi b con i git y hoc nhum y c, phm ng i tr (iu ny gi l purnacvara cng c). iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do T-khu Udyi sai T-khu ni l v c i gic y. Ch gii: T-khu bo T-khu ni khng phi b con i gic, nhum y c c mc ri, du ch mc 1 ln, cng phm ng x i tr. 5/- Lnh y ni tay T-khu ni (cvarappatigahana). T-khu th y ni tay T-khu ni khng phi b con phm ng x i tr, tr ra i y vi nhau.

iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti Trc Lm tnh x (Veluvana) gn thnh Vng x (Rjagaha) do T-khu Udyi lnh y ni tay T-khu ni. 6/- Xin y ni ngi khng phi b con (annatakavinnatti). T-khu xin y ni ngi th khng phi b con, khng phi ngi c yu cu, nu xin c y phm ng x i tr (tr ra c duyn c nn xin y c, l khi y b cp, hoc b h, mt, chy). iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do T-khu Upananda xin y ni nh ph trng gi khng phi b con. Ch gii: th ch l b con, T-khu tng khng phi b con, nghi ri i xin phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Xin c duyn c (duyn c l lc y b cp mt, la chy, nc li, mi n, c rch), hoc xin ni b con, hoc ni ngi c yu cu, xin cho ngi khc, i vi nhau v T-khu in u khng phm ti. Nu c c, c Pht cho php xin y ni ngi khng phi b con, nu cha c xin i n cha trc, dng y trong cha, y tri ging, nm ca Tng trong cha ny ri s tr li cng nn. Nu khng c nh th, nn che mnh bng c hoc l cy ri mi nn i, nu i la th, phm Tc c. Ngi th c c tin bch rng "ti yu cu b th 4 mn vt dng, nu i c cn dng mn chi xin cho ti bit, ti s dng" nh th gi l yu cu, ngi yu cu b th ngay mn no, nu cn dng ch nn xin mn y. Dng sao dng vy chng nn i hi thm. Xin ni b con v ngi yu cu ca mnh, xin cho T-khu khc khng phm. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi (annattika) nh T-khu khc i xin ni b con v ngi yu cu ca T-khu cho mnh, khng phm ti, c 4 chi: - Y c thc tt va gi (vikappanupagacvarat).

- Khng c duyn c (samaabhvo). - Xin ni ngi khng phi b con (annatakavinnattita). - Xin c (patilbho). u c 4 chi y mi phm ng x i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc lm mai dong (sancarita samutthna), phm v lm (kiriy), khng khi phm v tng (nosannavimokkha), v cng phm (acittaka), phm v Pht cm (pannattivajja), thn nghip (kyakamma), khu nghip (vacikamma), c 3 tm(ticitam), c 3 th (tissovedan). 7/- Trong my duyn c y (Taduttara). Trong my duyn c y, T-khu ch c php xin y ni v y vai tri thi (antaravsaka, uttsanga), nu xin qu s xin c, th phm ng x i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do ch T-khu phe Thp tht s, tm cc T-khu b mt y ri dy i xin y rt nhiu. Ch gii: T-khu c mun xin nhiu y ni ngi khng phi b con, ra i mi bc phm mi ti c, nu xin c y phm ng x i tr. Th thc khng phm ti: T-khu ni "ta ch lm 2 ci y cn d ta tr li", th ch ni "vi cn d xin dng ngi", xin ni b con hoc ngi c yu cu v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi (annattika) c 4 chi: - Vui thch trong y nhiu qu s (tasuttarita). - Khng c duyn c mt ht y (acchinndikramat). - Xin y ni ngi khng phi b con (anntakavinnathit). - Xin y c cho mnh (patilbho). Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc trc. 8/- nh gi y ln th nht (pathama upakkhata).

Nu th ch khng phi b con, khng c yu cu h ni s Dng y n Tkhu tn ny, T-khu y c bit ri, i ni cho h dng y nh vy, nh kia, cao gi tt hn y ca ngi nh dng mnh, c y, th phm ng x i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do T-khu Upananda dy ngi dng y ca-sa cao gi hn ca h nh Ch gii: Th ch b con, tng khng phi b con, phm Tc c. Th ch mua y tt hoc gi cao, T-khu dy mua y xu hoc r, hoc bng gi y m h nh hoc xin ni b con, ni ngi c yu cu hoc ca mnh nh kim gim v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny thuc v "tikkapcittiya" c 3 chi: - dy dng y cao gi hn ca ngi nh (cvarabhiyyokamyat). - xin ni th ch khng phi b con (annatakavinnatthta). - c y theo gi nh y (patilbho). u 3 chi y mi phm ng x i tr. ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc "trong my duyn c y". 9/- nh gi y th nh (dutiya upakkhata). nu c ngi th ch, h chung u dng y n T-khu, t 2 ngi tr ln u l khng phi b con, khng phi ngi c yu cu, T-khu i ni cho h chung u nhau mua y gi cao hoc tt hn y m hn nh dng y, c y, th phm ti ng x i tr. iu hc ny nh trc, ch khc nhau l iu hc ny c nhiu th ch. 10/- Cc th ch nht l vua (Rja). Nu c ngi em dng mua y, h hi T-khu "Bch ngi, ngi no h ngi?" T-khu cn dng y nn ch ngi h (veyyvaccakarana) hoc cn

s nam (thin nam - upsaka) cho h bit rng "ngi ny h ch s trong cha ". Khi h giao y n ngi h y, ri n bch vi T-khu rng "Nu ngi cn dng y, xin cho ngi h y hay rng 'Ta cn dng y'", nh th n 3 ln, nu khng c y nn i ng cho va ngi h y xem thy. ng nhiu lm n 6 ln, nu cha c m i i cho qu 3 ln, i ng qu 6 ln, c y, th phm ng i tr. Nu i i, i ng , theo lut nh, m khng c y, nn i cho th ch hay hoc dy ngi i ni rng "Ca y khng c s li ch n ngi u". Cho h i ca h li. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do T-khu Upananda thc hi ngi dng y lp tc, ngi h v c vic gp nn yu cu qua ngy khc m T-khu Upananda khng chu. Ch gii: khi T-khu cn dng y nn cho hay rng "Ta cn dng y", khng nn ni "Ngi nn dng y n ta, em y n cho ta", ni nh th khng nn. Nu i i 2, 3 ln c th tt, bng khng c T-khu nn i n ng lm thinh n 4, 5 ln hoc 6 ln l nhiu, ng ngi, ng th vt chi, ng ni o cho h. Nu h hi "Ngi n c vic chi? Nn p "Ngi hy nn bit ly". Nu T-khu ngi, hoc th vt chi ca h, ni php cho h nghe gi l b oai nghi ng, lm cho h hng s i n. Nu T-khu ng lm thinh, ng 6 ln l nhiu, c y th tt bng khng c y, T-khu rng n ng qu 6 ln th phm Tc c, trong mi ln ng, c y th phm ng x i tr. T-khu ch i ng, khng i, ng c 12 ln, nu ngi h m th ch ch, T-khu i i cng c. Nu lm c 2 oai nghi, th ch i i c 3 ln, ng n 6 ln. Th thc khng phm ti: T-khu i theo php v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi (nnattika) c 4 chi: - T-khu ch ngi h (kappiyakraksss abhikkhanoni ditthabhvo).

- Ngi tay sai ni cho ngi h hay ri cho T-khu bit na (dtena appitat). - Rng i i, i ng qu lut nh (taduttam vyamo). - c y v s rng sc y (tnavamenapatilbho). u c 4 chi y mi phm ng x i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc xin y ni ngi khng phi b con ---o0o--2) NGO C TRN VI CH T LN TH NH (kosiyavagga). C 10 iu hc: 1/- Nga c trn vi ch t (kosiya). T-khu lm nga c bng lng cu trn vi ch t, phm ng x i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti thp Agglava gn thnh lavi do phe Lc s dy ngi nu t cho nhiu lm nga c bng ch t. Ch gii: du lm nga c c trn mt si ch cng phm ng x i tr. Th thc khng phm ti: T-khu lm trn tht, lm so che, lm nm, gi v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v ngi dy (sntika) c 3 chi: - Lm nga c trn vi ch t (kosiyamissakabhvo). - Mnh lm hoc dy ngi lm cho mnh (attano atthyasantha tassa karanakrpanam). - Lm c (patilbho). iu 3 chi y mi phm ng x i tr.

iu hc ny c 6 ch sanh ti v lm (kiriy), khng khi phm v tng (nosannvimokkha), v cng phm (acittaka), phm v Pht cm (pannattivajja), thn nghip (kyakamma), khu nghip (vackamma), c 3 tm (ticitta), 3 th (tissovedan). 2/- Nga c lng cu ton mu en (suddhaklaka). T-khu lm nga c lng cu bng mu en, phm ng x i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti phc x Ktgra, trong rng Tuyt sn gn thnh t sa li (Vesli) do phe Lc s lm nga c bng lng cu bng en. 3/- Nga c lng cu l mu en hn 2 phn (dvebhga). T-khu lm nga c m phi lng cu en 2 phn, lng trnng 1 phn, lng cu 1 phn, thnh 4 phn. Nu khng lm nh th ri lng cu en nhiu hn 2 phn, phm ng x i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s lm nga c lng cu en nhiu hn 2 phn. 4/- Dng nga c mi cha n 6 nm (Chabhassa). T-khu lm nga c mi phi dng cho n 6 nm, nu cha n 6 nm, ri lm nga c mi khc, phm ng x i tr (tr ra T-khu c bnh, c Tng cho php). iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do ch T-khu xin lng cu rt nhiu lm nga c. 5/- Lm ta c (nissidanasanthata). T-khu lm ta c phi ct ly chung quanh ta c c mt gan ca c Pht em may chung vi ta c mi, nu khng lm nh th, phm ng x i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do ch T-khu b ri rc ta c.

6/- Th lnh lng cu (Elakaloma). Khi T-khu i ng xa, nu c lng cu pht sanh n mnh, ri mun cn dng, th c php lnh, nu c ngi h, c php t mnh em i xa lm n 3 do tun. em i x qu 3 do tun, phm ng x i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do T-khu th lng cu i xa qu 3 do tun. 7/- Khin T-khu ni gic lng cu (Elakalomadhovpana). T-khu dy T-khu ni, khng phi b con i git, hoc nhum, hoc chi lng cu, phm ng x i tr. iu ny c Pht cm ch ti Tnh x Nigrodh gn thnh Ca t la v (Kpilavatthu) do phe Lc s dy T-khu ni gic lng cu. Ch gii: ch sanh ti (Samutthna) ca 6 iu hc trn y nh trong iu hc "nga c trn vi ch t" (kosiya). 8/- Th lnh vng bc (Rpiya). T-khu lnh hoc dy ngi khc lnh vng bc hoc vui thch ngay vng hoc bc m ngi ct gi cho mnh phm ng x i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti thnh Vng x (rjagriha) do T-khu Upananda th vng bc. Ch gii: vng l, vng cc, bc hnh, bc cc, bc nn, bc giy... hoc cc vt dng mua, bn, i th cho vng bc cng u gi l vng bc l vt phi x b. Ngc ng, chu bu, 7 th la, t trai, t gi, rung vn, tri, bng cy, u l vt pht sanh ti Tc c. Ch gai, vi bng cc th u, m, thuc, sa, du,mt, nc ma ... u l vt dng th lnh c, khng phm. Trong vt phi x b, T-khu th, hoc dy ngi lnh ct cho mnh, hoc ngi ct ngay trc mt h ni: "vt ny l ca ngi", hoc vt y ni

kn, ch ch dng bng thn, hoc bng khu, hoc ra du ni nh vy "bc, vng ca ti c trong ch , bc vng y l ca ngi". Nu h ni nh th, T-khu khng ngn cm, bng ra du hoc bng khu cng gi l vui thch bc vng m h ct, phm ng x i tr. Nu phm nn x nh vy: Aham bhate rpiyam patiggahesim idam me bhate nissaggiyam imham sanghassa nissajmi. Ngha: Bch i c Tng, ti th bc vng ri, bc vng y l ca ti phi x, ti xin x bc vng y n Tng. Nu c mt ngi th ni , cho Tng ni vi h rng "Ngi hy bit vt ny". Nu h hi "Vi ca ny, ti phi em vt chi n?" T-khu khng nn ni: "Phi em vt chi chi...", ch nn ni "em vt nn dng" (sa, du, mt). Nu h em cc vt y n, cc T-khu nn chia nhau dng, tr ra T-khu th vng bc y, T khu th bc vng khng nn dng n. Nu ngi th h khng mun ly vng bc y, Tng nn nh h rng "Ngi nn ling b vt y i". Nu ling trong mt ch no, hoc h ly i, chng nn ngn cn, nu h khng chu ling T-khu y phm Tc c. Khng phi bc vng, tng l bc vng, hoc nghi, hoc lnh bc vng cho ngi khc, nht l th cho Tng hoc cho thp, u phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: H dng vng bc, hoc ct trong ni khut mt, hoc trc mt h ni rng "Vy ny l vt dng ca ngi". Nu T-khu c tm vui thch mun ly ri ngn cn ra, bng cch ra du, hoc bng khu rng "Vt y khng nn", hoc nu khng ngn cn bng thn hay khu m c tm trong sch, khng vui thch, tnh rng l "Vt khng nn n ta", cng c, khng c ti. T-khu ly, hoc dy ngi y vng bc ca ngi rt trong cha, hoc trong ch mnh , tnh rng "Ca ngi no, th ngi y hy li ly" nh th, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny, phm ti v dy ngi (snattika) c 3 chi: - Vt y l vng bc, l vt phi x b (Jtarparajatabhvo).

- V phn ca mnh (attudesikat). - T mnh lnh hoc dy ngi khc lnh, hoc ngi ct gi m mnh vui thch (patiggahandisu annatarabhvo). u c 3 chi y mi phm ng x i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc lm mai dong, ch khc nhau l iu hc ny phm v lnh (siy akiriy) v phm v khng lm l khng ngn cn (siy akiriy) bc vng m h ct gi cho. 9/- Mua, bn, i bc vng. (Rpiyasamvohra). T-khu mua bn, i vng bc l vt m ngi dng th cho vng bc, phm ng x i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s mua, bn, i bc vng. Ch gii: ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc trc. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi (annattika) c 2 chi: - vt i c hoc ca mnh em i i (yamattanodhane parivateti tassav dhanassavrpiyabhvoceva). - thnh tu c trong vic mua bn, i (parivatananca). u 2 chi y phm ti ng x i tr. 10/- Mua, bn, i vt y, bt (kayavikaya). T-khu mua, bn, i cc vt nht l y vt thc vi ngi th phm ng x i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do T-khu Upananda i y. Ch gii: T-khu ni vi ngi th "ngi hy cho vt ny", do vt ny hoc ngi ly vt ny cho vt kia cho ti, ly vt ny, i ly vt ny nh th, phm Tc c, nu i c th phm ng x i tr.

Ly vt ca ngi gi l mua, em ca mnh cho ngi gi l bn, cho nn T-khu a vt ca mnh, ly vt ca ngi nh th, tr ra hng ngi xut gia (Sa-di), T-khu du l ca cha m, nu ni ting "i", th phm ng x i tr. T-khu cho vt thc hoc g khc n ngi th ri ni, ngi nn dng vt ny, ri em vt kia n cho ti hoc lm vic ny cho ti, hoc lm vic kia cho ti ri dy ly nc nhum hoc vt khc hoc dy o t, lm c... Nh th phm ng x i tr. Nu c vt phi x, bng khng c vt x th sm hi ti ng x i tr. Th thc khng phm ti: T-khu hi gi rng: ca gi bao nhiu hoc mun ly vt g ni tay ngi y, nh k khc, du l b con ca ch vt y tip i dm, rng "ngi hy ly ca ny, i vt kia li cho ta", hoc ni khng ra du, nh ngi i ng ch c go m mun c cm nn ni vi ch cm rng: "Ta c go, khng cn dng, ta cn dng cm" nh th, ch ly go i, cho cm li Tkhu, v T-khu in, u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi (annattika) c 3 chi: - ca mnh em i i hoc ca ngi i li (tesamlappiyavatthut). - ch ca y l ngi th (asahadhmmikat). - i nh cc ni (kyavikkaapajjanam). u c 3 chia y mi phm ng x i tr. Ch phm ti nh trong iu hc th lnh vng bc. ---o0o--3. BNH BT LN TH BA (pattavagga). C 10 iu hc. 1/- Bnh bt d (patta): Bnh bt cha gi, cha nguyn gi l bnh bt d. T-khu ct gi bnh bt d y lu lm n 10 ngy, nu ct gi qu 10 ngy phm ng x i tr.

iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s ct gi nhiu bnh bt. Ch gii: Bnh bt c 2 th: bnh bt st v bnh bt t va cho Sa-mn dng nn mi nguyn v gi. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc l dng y ln th nht (pathamakathina). 2/- Bnh bt cha nt b n 5 ch: (Onapancabhanna): Bnh bt nt b 2 ngn tay gil nt b 1 ch, T-khu c bnh bt nt b cha 5 ch, ngha l c nt b cha 10 ngn tay, ri i xin bnh bt mi ni ngi th khng phi b con, ni ngi khng c yu cu, nu xin c, phm ng x i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti Nigrodha tnh x gn thnh Ca t la v (Kaoilavatthu) do ch T-khu xin bnh bt mi nhiu. Ch gii: T-khu phm ng x i tr phi x bnh bt trc mt 5 v Tkhu tr ln, 5 v T-khu th mt cho Tng y l ngi i bnh bt. Nn em bnh bt ca ngi cao h em dng cho v thp h, i theo th t, ln xung nh th, cho n T-khu ngi sau cui cng ch Tng, ri ly bnh bt ca T-khu ny, cho T-khu va x y v ni "bnh bt ca ngi, ngi hy dng cho n b v khng b, khng nn cho ai". Th thc khng phm ti: T-khu c bnh bt nt hoc b, xin ni b con, ni ngi c yu cu ca mnh, ni b con v ngi c yu cu ca T-khu khc, xin cho v khc hoc kim do ca mnh v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 4 chi: - Bnh bt nn nguyn, nt b cha ch. (onapancahamdanatt). - Xin cho mnh (attuddesikat). - Xin ni ngikhng phi b con, khng c yu cu (agatavinnattit). - Xin c (patilbho). u c 4 chi y mi phm ti ng x i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc "khin T-khu ni git lng cu" (ekaloma dhovpana).

3/- Thuc cha bnh (Bhesajja). T-khu lnh 1 trong 5 th thuc l: sa lng, sa c, du, mt ong, nc ma, ch c php dnh dng lu lm l n 7 ngy, nu qu 7 ngy, phm ng x i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do ch T-khu ct gi thuc y lu ngy. Ch gii: T-khu ct gi 1 trong 5 th thuc y n mt tri mc ngy th 8, phm ng x i tr. K theo mi th thuc, nu ng chung trong 1 ch phm 1 ti. Thuc x ri, dng thoa, xc c, ung khng c. C 5 th thuc y, nu giao cho ngi cha th T-khu gii (Sa-di, thin tn) trong 7 ngy c li dng khng phm. T-khu th ri, tnh dng, ri mi cho qu 7 ngy mi phm ng x i tr, nu khng tnh ung thoa xc, du qu 7 ngy cng khng phm ti. 4/- Y tm ma (Vassikastik): Cn 1 thng ht ma nng, k t 16 n cui thng 5, trong na thng y l hn nh cho T-khu phi kim y tm ma, t ngy mng 1, n trng rm thng 6, trong na thng ny, T-khu phi kim v lm cho xong y tm ma v mc cng c, nu kim, lm, hoc si th gi nh, phm ng x i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s kim lm, mc y tm ma trc th gi nh. Ch gii: Th thc khng phm ti: T-khu c y b trm cp hoc mt v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi (annattika - Pariyesanpatti) (phm ti v cch xin) c 3 chi: - Y tm ma ca mnh . - Tm kim ngoi hn k. - Xin c. Navsanpatti (phm ti v cch mc ngoi hn nh) c 4 chi:

- Khng c h mt. - T-khu khng c y u . - Y tm ma ca mnh. - Mc ngoi hn k. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc "khin T-khu ni git lng cu". 5/- i y (cvarcchindana). T-khu cho y n v khc, ri gin i li hoc dy k khc i li, i y c phm ng x i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do T-khu Upananda cho y n T-khu ri gin i li. Ch gii: Khng phi T-khu tng l T-khu, Sa-di tng l T-khu hoc nghi, hoc bit l Sa-di ri i li hoc cho cc y phc tng khc n T-khu, ri i li th phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Ngi c y vui, hoc gin ri tr liv T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi (annattika) c 5 chi: - Y c thc tc nn gi (vikkappanupaga pacchimacvarat). - Chnh tay mnh cho (smamdinnat). - Tng l ca mnh (sakkha sannat). - Ngi i theo l T-khu (Upasampannat). - Chnh mnh i hoc dy k khc i y v gin (kodhavasena acchintanamv acchindpanamv). u c 5 chi y mi phm ng x i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc trm cp (adinndna samutthna) ch khc nhau l iu ny thuc v th kh. 6/- Xin ch ni ngi khng phi b con. (suttavinnatti).

T-khu xin ch ni ngi th khng phi b con, khng phi ngi c yu cu em cho th dt y, phm ng x i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti Trc Lm tnh x (Velivana) gn thnh Vng x (Rjagaha). Ch gii: khi th dt sp sa dt, phm Tc c, mi ln dt phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Xin ch may v cc th y hoc cho th dt b con hoc c ngi yu cu, xin cho k khc, kim do ca mnh v T-khu in u khng phm ti iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi (annattika) c 3 chi: - Xin ch dt - Cho mnh - Cho ngi th dt v xin ch ni ngi khng phi b con hoc khng phi ngi c yu cu. u c 3 chi y mi phm ti ng x i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc "khin T-khu ni git lng cu". 7/- Th dt (Mahapesakra). Ngi th khng phi b con, khng c yu cu, h cho th dt y dng n T-khu. Nu T-khu i ni vi th, cho h dt y tt hn ri thng thm, c y th phm ng x i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do T-khu Upananda ni vi th dt cho tt ri thng thm. Ch gii: T-khu ni vi th dt. "ngi hy dt cho di, cho ln, cho mn, cho tt, kho", nh th ri em vt chi chng hn cho th (hoc cho vt thc), nu th dt thm ch ri theo li dy, trong mi ln dt phm Tc c, dt xong em v phm ng x i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc trn, nhng y c 4 chi:

- T-khu dy th dt ca th ch khng phi b con,khng c yu cu (vikappampajjanat). - Cho mnh (attuddesikat). - Th dt thm ch theoli T-khu (suttavaddhamma). - c y (cvarapatilbho). 8/- Ct gi y qu hn k (Accekacvara). Cn 10 ngy na n k l t t, l t ngy mng 5 thng 9 nu th ch mun dng y nhp h gp n T-khu, T-khu nn th dnh n ht hn k gi y, nu cho qu hn, phm ng x i tr. Hn k gi y y nh vy: nu nhp h ri khng c th l dng y, hn k gi y ch c 1 thng, k t ngy 16 thng 9 n rm thng 10, nu c th l dng y th hn k gi y c 5 thng, k t 16 thng 9 n rm thng 2 nm sau (5 thng y gi l hn k gi y). iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do ch T-khu khng dm lnh y gp v cha c lnh cho. Ch gii: Y gp v ngi mc i chinh chin, ngi c bnh, hoc ph n sp sanh sn, hoc c ngi c tin mi xin dng y n Tng trong ngy mng 5 thng 9. Y nh th T-khu th ri nn dnh cho s dt h s em dng li cho Tng. Nu gi, khng nguyn cng c, nu ct gi cho qu k gi y, phm ng x i tr. Y ngoi k hn y, k t ngy 16, nu khng c th l dng y th c php ct gi n rm thng 10 (trong 1 thng), thng 2 nm sau (trong 5 thng) gi l hn k. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc l dng y ln th nht (pathamakathina) ch khc nhau l iu hc ny c 4 chi: - Y dng cng gp c thc tc, du nh hn ht l va gi nguyn (Accekacvarassa attanosantakat). - Y pht sanh t ngy mng 5 tng 9 (uppannabhno). - Y khng c gi, khng c nguyn (anadhitthita avikappitat). - Qua khi hn k gi y ( cvarakltikkamo). u c 4 chi y mi phm ti ng x i tr. 9/- Ch nguy him (Slanka).

T-khu nhp h trong rng l ni c iu lo s, khi ra h ri, cn trong thng l (1 thng) t 16 thng 9 n rm thng 10, nu mun 1 trong 3 y no trong xm, ch c php trong 1 thng y, khi c c i khi ni y c php la xa y y chi trong 6 m, xa la qu 6 m th phm ng x i tr, tr ra c Tng chng nhn cho. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do ch T-khu y trong xm qu 6 m,lm cho y phi h mt. Ch gii: Khi c u 4 chi, c Pht cho php gi 3 y trong xm c 4 chi l: - T-khu nhp h ngy 16 thng 6 v c lm l t t (Pavran). - T 16 th1ng 9 n rm thng 10 - Ch trong rng xa xm, t lm l 500 cy cung (li ngn thc ty). - Ch trong rng c iu lo s, ngha l trong cha hoc ni gn cha l ch , ch n, ch ngi ca bn cp, thy r rt, ch c iu lo s l trong cha hoc ni gn cha, bn cp git nh ph ngi cng thy r. u c 4 chi nh th, T-khu c php gi tam y trong xm ch trong 1 thng. Nu hu s, T-khu mun i khi ni y, ch nn xa la tm lu lm l 6 m, nu xa la qu 6 m, qua m th 7 mt tri mc ln, phm ng x i tr (tr ra T-khu c bnh, c Tng cho php xa la tam y). Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc l dng y ln th nh (ditiyakathina). 10/- ot li v cho mnh (Parinata). T-khu bit rng: li ch m th ch h sn dnh dng n Tng ri ot v cho mnh, phm ng x i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s ot y v cho mnh, phm ng x i tr. Ch gii: T-khu bit rng li ch ca Tng l 4 vt dng h dng cho Tng, bng li "chng ta s dng y nTng" T-khu bit nh th ri ot

v cho mnh, trong mi li ni khuyn ngi dng n mnh y, phm Tc c, nu ot c th phm ng x i tr. Li m th ch dng choTng, ri T-khu nghi, tnh ot v cho mnh, li m h dng n 1 Gio hi, tnh ot v 1 Gio hi khc, hoc cho thp, nh th phm Tc c. Li m h tnh dng cho 1 thp ri ot v cho thp khc, hoc ot v cho Tng, cho T-khu, hoc li m h dng cho Tkhu, ri tnh ot v cho T-khu hoc cho ch khc, hoc li m h cha dng, T-khu tng dng, nghi ot v cho mnh cho ngi khc, u phm Tc c (trong khi ni). Th thc khng phm ti: Li ca h dng ri, T-khu tng cha dng ri ni h dng cho mnh, cho ngikhc,hoc th ch hi "ti nn dng cho ai?" T-khu p "Ngi c c tin ni no nn dng n ni y" ni nh th, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 3 chi: - Li m th ch dng n Tng ri (sanghe parinatabhvo). - bit ri m cn v ot v cho mnh (attanoparinnmanam). - c li (patilbho). Ch sanh ti (samutthna) cng nh trong iu hc trm cp (sikkhpada adinndn samutthna). --- o0o --V. NG I TR (PCITTIYA) Pcittiya ngha l ti lm cho thin php phi sa sy. Tu dch l "ng i tr", ngha l khng phi nh ti cht cha y, bnh bt tri php, cho nn khng phi x, ch nn sm hi trc mt 1, 2, 3 T-khu hoc gia Tng th c khi ti. C 92 iu hc chia lm 9 phn:

1) NI DI PHN TH NHT (musvdavagga) c 10 iu hc. 2) THO MC LN TH NH (bhtagmavagga) c 10 iu hc. 3) DY PHP PHN TH BA (ovdavagga) c 10 iu hc. 4) VT THC PHN TH T (bhojanavagga) c 10 iu hc. 5) O LA TH PHN TH NM ( accelokavagga) c 10 iu hc. 6) UNG RU PHN TH SU (sur pnavagga) c 10 iu hc. 7) GIT CN TRNG PHN TH BY (sappnakavagga) c 10 iu hc. 8) NI THEO PHP PHN TH TM (saha dhammikavagga) c 12 iu hc. 9) TRONG N VUA PHN TH CHN (rjavagga) c 10 iu hc. Tng cng 92 iu hc. ---o0o--I. NI DI PHN TH NHT (musvdavagga). 1) Ni di (musvd): T-khu ni di phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do T-khu Hatthaka ni di. Ch gii: T-khu trc khi ni, trong khi ni bit l khng s thit, ri ra du gii di, nh c hi hi "thy hay khng thy" ri di, lc lc u cho ngi bit l khng thy, hoc ni di phm ng i tr. T-khu ni di khoe php bc cao nhn, phm Bt cng tr: ni di v c co T-khu khc phm Bt cng tr th phm Tng tn, ni di v c co gian T-khu khc phm ti ng i tr, ni di v c co gian Tkhu khc phm ti lm quy th phm Tc c, ngi nghe hiu bit ngha th phm Trng ti, ngi nghe khng r ngha th phm Tc c. T-khu ni di thy, ni khng thy, nghe ni khng nghe bit rng mi, li thn, m ni khng bit hoc khng thy, khng nghe, ni c thy, c nghe, khng bit, ni bit, tm khng bit, ni rng bit nh th phm ng i tr. Cha suy ngh ri ni gp hoc tnh ni nh vy ri ni ln li khc, sai li thit v T-khu in u khng phm ti.

iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 2 chi: - Tnh ni li khng thit (visamvdanapurekkhrat). - Ra du hoc ni cho ngi nghe hiu s l m mnh c mun ni sai li thit (vinn panapayogo). u c 2 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc trm cp (adinndana sikkhpada). 2) Chi mng (omasavda) T-khu chi ra hoc mng nhic v khc, phm ng i tr . iu hc nu c Pht cm ch ti K Vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V, do phe Lc s chi mng T-khu c gii trong sch. Ch gii: T-khu chi mng ngay trc mt, phm ng i tr . Nu chi mng sau lng th phm Tc c, k theo mi ting chi . T-khu c chi giuu chi th phm Tc c, k theo mi ting chi . Th thc khng phm ti: T-khu khng c chi mng, ni o, dy o, v T-khu in, u khng phm ti . iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc chi (anpattika) c 4 chi: - Chi T-khu (tassa upasampannatt) - Chi trc mt (jti dihi akkosanam) - Ngi b chi bit rng mnh b chi (mamakko sati tijnanat) - Khng phi ni o, thuyt php dy ngi (atthadhamma purekkhratdinbhvo) u c 4 chi y th mi phm ng i tr .

Ch sanh ti (samutthna vidhi) nh trong iu hc "trm cp" (adinndana sikkhpada). Ch khc nhau l trong iu hc ny thuc v th kh (dukkhavedan). 3) Li m thc (pesunna). T-khu ni li m thc v khc, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s ni di m thc cc v T-khu khc. Ch gii: T-khu nghe v khc chi T-khu vi nhau, ri c mun cho ngi chi y thng mnh hoc mun cho c 2 ngi chia r nhau ri ni li m thc, em li chi ca v ny, n ni vi v kia, phm ng i tr, u mi ting. Nu em li ca T-khu chi khng ni ngay n T-khu b chi, hoc emli ca Sa-di chi n cho T-khu hay, hoc em li chi ca Sa-di n cho Sa-di hay, u phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: T-khu khng c mun cho v b chi thng mnh, hoc khng mun cho c 2 v chia r nhau v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi m thc (annattika) c 3 chi: - c nghe li ngi chi (khng phi do ngi khc m bit) ri em ni li cho ngi b chi (jti dihi... bhikkhussa upasamharanam). - mun cho ngi b chi thng yu mnh hoc mun cho 2 ngi chia r nhau (piyakamyat bheddhippyesu annatarat). - ngi b chi hiu bit s l (tassa vijjnanam). u c 3 chi y mi phm ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc trm cp (adinndan sikkhpada). 4) Dy k php (padasodhamma). T-khu dy k php n ngi cha tu ln bc trn (upasampanna) c chung cng nhau phm ng i tr.

iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s dy k n ngi cha tu ln bc T-khu v c chung cng nhau. Ch gii: nh "rpam aniccam" gi l 1 cu u, cu sau nh vedannicc" gi l cu ni (anupada) T-khu dy php lm bng k rng: asevancablnam, c ri, Sa-di c theo, T-khu c chung cng nhau vi Sa-di, ri c tip ni thm asevan cablnam, c chung cng nhau nh th phm ng i tr, k theo mi cu. T-khu dy php 1 ln 2 cu nh l "asevancablnam panditnanca sevan" ri tr li c na vi Sa-di, Sa-di c cu u khng kp, c theo kp cu th nh th rng "pandit nan sevan" chung cng vi T-khu nh th gi l trc c khc nhau, sau c chung cng nhau, phm ng i tr k theo cu sau. T-khu dy Sa-di c "rpam aniccam vedananicc", ri T-khu ch c n c rpam aniccam, Sa-di l ming c n vedananicca l cu ni tip lin theo cu aniccam nh th phm ng i tr, k theo mi cu. Th thc khng phm ti: Hc Pali chung vi Sa-di hoc hc ni Sa-di hoc c chung nhau, tng kinh c thuc lng ri hoc Sa-di tng sai, T-khu dy rng "c nh vy" ri c chung cng nhau, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 3 chi: - Ngi ch tu ln bc T-khu (anupassam pannat). - Dy hc php bng cu k (vuttalakkhanam dhammam padaso vcanat). - c dnh chung cng nhau (ekato ospanam). u c 3 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) dy php bng k (padasodhamma samutthna), phm v lm (kiria), khng khi phm v tng (nosannavimokkha), khng c cng phm, phm ti v Pht cm (pannattika), khu nghip (vcikamma), c 3 tm, 3 th. 5) Nm chung trong ch c che lp ln th nht (pathamasahaseyya).

T-khu nm trong ch c dng, lp chung vi ngi cha tu ln bc trn (cha tu ln bc trn l cha th c tc gii lm T-khu - upasampanna) qu 3 m phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti php Agglava gn thnh Aggalavi, do T-khu mi xut gia ng qun trong phc x chung cng vi c s. Ch gii: T-khu ng trong ni dng kn, hoc lp kn, hoc lp nhiu, dng nhiu chung vi ngi cha tu ln bc trn (tr ra T-khu vi nhau), du ng chung vi sc sanh c khiu c th sanh ti Bt cng tr. Nu qu 3 m, phm ng i tr, k t m th 4. Ch c dng vch khng ch vi nc, cao 1 hc, 1 gang chung quanh gi l "ch dng kn" ht. Cho nn ch nh th du l lu 7 tng hoc nh 4 mt, c 100 phng, nu c 1 ca ra vo chung cng nhau, cng gi l ch chung cng nhau. T-khu ng chung vi ngi cha tu ln bc trn, trong ch nh th n 3 m, ri qua ngy th 4, khi mt tri ln, ngi y nm trc T-khu ng ca phng hoc khng ng ri nm, hoc T-khu nm trc, ngi y nm sau m T-khu khng ngi dy th phm ng i tr, k theo mi ln nm xung v ngi dy vi ngi y v k theo s ngi (Sa-di, c s) nm trong ni y. T-khu m tng l Sa-di hay l c s hoc nghi ri nm phm Tc c. Ch lp phn na dng phn na, lp kn dng t, lp nhiu dng t, dng kn lp t, dng nhiu lp t, u l vt pht sanh ti Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Ch lp kn, khng dng hoc khng lp m dng knh hoc khng lp nhiu, khng dng nhiu u l vt khng cho pht sanh ti, ng n 2 hay l 3 m hoc trong m th 3, ra trc mt tri mc ri tr thm na n m th t, Sa-di c s nm, T-khu ngi hoc T-khu nm, u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi nm (annattika) c 3 chi:

- ch cho sanh ti ng i tr (pcittiyavatthu sensanam). - nm cng ngi cha tu ln bc trn, trong ni y (tattha anupasampanne sahanipajjanam). - mt tri ln trong ngy th 4 (catutthadi vasesuri yatthamgamanam). u c 3 chi y mi phm ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc th lng cu (alakaloma samutthna). Phm ti do thn, do thn , phm v lm (kiriya) khng khi phm v tng (nosann vimokkha) v cng phm (acittaka), ti v Pht cm (pannttivajja) thn nghip (kyakamma) c 3 tm, 3 th. 6) Nm chung trong ch kn ln th nh (dutiyasahaseyya). T-khu nm trong ch lp, dng chung cng ph n, du ch trong 1 m, cng phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do c Anuruddha vo ng chung trong nh vi ph n. Ch gii: Du nm chung vi ph n mi sanh 1 ngy cng phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc trc, ch khc nhau l iu hc ny du nm chung ch trong 1 m cng phm. T-khu nm chung vi tinh n, ng qu n c thn hnh r rt, b np v th ci l vt cho sanh s hnh dm, phm Tc c. 7) Thuyt php n ph n (dhamma desan). T-khu ni php qu 6 ting n ph n, khng c ngi nam, bit nghe chung vi, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do T-khu ni php n ph n. Ch gii: T-khu ni php qu 6 ting n ph n nh gii trong iu hc "dy k n ngi cha tu ln bc trn" (padasodhamma), n ph n bit nghe li quy phi v li th tc, phm ng i tr, k theo s ph n,

theo cu k, tr ra c ngi nam bit nghe chung vi, nh c ni trong iu hc "bt nh th nh" th khng phm ti. Khng phi ph n, tng l ph n hoc nghi ri mi ni php n tinh n, ng qu n, b np v th ci c thn hnh nh ngi th phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: T-khu ch ni php n 6 ting, hoc t hn 6 ting hoc c ngi nam nh c gii chung vi hoc T-khu ni ri ngi xung, ri ni tip thm, hoc ph n ng dy, ri ngi xung, ri T-khu ni tip thm, hoc ni php n ph n khc, hoc ph n hi o, T-khu p v Tkhu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi ni php (annattika) c 5 chi: - Ni php qu 6 ting (channam vpnam uparidesan). - Ph n nh c gii (vuttalahhkanomtugmo). - Khng thay i oai nghi (iria patha parivattanbhvo). - Khng c ngi nam bit nghe chung vi (vinnupurisbhvo). - Khng c s lun o (apanhavisajjan). u c 5 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr . Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc "dy k php n ph n" (padasodhamma samutthna) ch khc nhau l iu hc ny phm v lm v khng lm (kiria akiriy) lm l: thuyt qu 6 ting, v khng lm l "khng i oai nghi". 8) Khoe s thit (bhuttrocana). T-khu khoe php bc cao nhn m t mnh c, n ngi cha tu ln bc trn, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti Phc x Ktgra gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do ch T-khu khoe php bc cao nhn cng nhau. Ch gii: T-khu khoe php bc cao nhn nh l c thin nh m chnh mnh c, n ngi cha tu ln bc trn, phm ng i tr. 9) Khai ti nng (dutthullrocana).

T-khu ni ti nng l (l ti Tng tn) m v khc phm, n ngi cha tu ln bc trn, phm ng i tr, tr ra Tng cho php ni. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s ni ti Tng tn ca T-khu Upananda n ngi th. Ch gii: khng phi ti nng T-khu tng l ti nng, nghi ri ni hoc ni phm 5 ti khc (Trng ti, ng i tr,... ) n ngi cha tu ln bc trn, phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Nu ch ni ngn iu hc rng, "T-khu ny c cho tinh di hoc ng chm ph n hoc ch ti rng: T-khu ny phm Tng tn, phm Trng ti", hoc "Tng" cho php ni n u th ni n v T-khu in u khng phm ti". iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc ni (annattika) c 3 chi:. - Ni ti Tng tn ca T-khu c v cch phm ti (savatthukosanghdiseso). - Ni n ngi cha tu ln bc trn (anupasampannassa arocanam). - Tng khng cho php (bhikkhusammatiyabhavo). Ch sanh ti (samutthna vidhi) nh trong iu hc "trm cp", ch khc nhau l iu hc ny thuc v th kh. 10) o t (pathvkhanana). T-khu o t, hoc dy ngi khc o t bng li khng nn, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti Thp Agglava gn thnh lavi do phe T-khu Alavi o t v dy ngi khc o t. Ch gii: t c 2 th: t c t nhiu hn cc vt khc (jtapathav) v t c t t hn cc vt khc.

t th nht ton l t phn, t st, t c t, c si t, t c ct t, c phn t nhiu, c t st nhiu, hoc t m h cha tng t, hoc ng phn t, ng t st m cha c ma xung nhm trn 4 thng gi l t ph (t tt). t th nh: t ton l , ton l si, ton l ct c t phn t, c t st t c ct nhiu, t c ngi t ri gi l t chai (ajtapathav). t ton l si, , ct th khng phm ti. T-khu c o hoc dy ngi o bng li khng nn, lm cho t n, b, l, phm ng i tr. K theo mi ln lm. T-khu dy ni "ngi hy o" dy, du o sut ngy, ch phm 1 ti ng i tr thi, ngi dy nhiu ln phm nhiu ti ng i tr. t T-khu nghi, khng phi t tng l t, hoc nghi ri lm cho c ng, phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: t cc khng dnh vi t lin, t l khng phm, hoc ni "ngi hy bit ci l ct ny, ngi hy cho ti t ny, ngi hy ly t ny cho ti, ti cn dng t", khng c lm cho c ng, hoc dng ngn chn, tay, xi t, hoc tng khng phi l t u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi (annattika) c 3 chi: - Cht t ph (jtapathavit) - Bit l t (pathavisannit). - T mnh o hoc dy ngi khc o (khananakhanpannam anntaram). u c 3 chi y mi phm ti. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc trm cp (adinndna samutthna), ch khc nhau l trong iu hc ny phm ti v Pht cm (pannattivajja) c 3 tm, 3 th. ---o0o--II. THO MC PHN TH NH (Bhtagmavagga). C 10 iu hc: 1) Ph hoi tho mc (Bhtagma).

T-khu ph hoi cy c sanh, mc trn t hoc trong 1 ni no, cho t la, gy, tt, phm ng i tr . iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti Thp Aggalava gn thnh Aggvi, do Tkhu n cy lm cc cng vic. Ch gii: Cc th cy c, du nh nhem n u (rong ru), mc trong mt ni no chng hn, T-khu bit m t mnh dy k khc nh, cht, b lm cho la khi ch n mc, phm ng i tr . Cc tho mc m ngi o nh khi ch n mc d khng c r, mt, c, ht... m cn ging (bjagma), h em trong ng hoc ct trong mt ni no (c th cn gieo trng na c) m T-khu lm hi th phm Tc c. Nghi trong tho mc, hoc cc th ging tho mc, khng phi tho mc tng l tho mc hoc ging ca tho mc, phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Tho mc hoc ging ca tho mc tng l khng phi ri lm hi, Tkhu in v hoc ko cy, ln m tho mc cht u khng phm ti. khng c git hi, khng c nh nh T-khu ni chuyn cng nhau m ly ngn chn hoc tay lm hi tho mc cng khng phm ti hoc ni ngi nn bit bng cy ny,tri cy ny cho ti dng c. Ni nh th khng phm ti. Khi n rau, cn phi nh Sa-di hoc thin tn lm cho c th n c khi phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 3 chi: - Tho mc (dhutagamo). - Bit l tho mc (bhutagamasannita). - T mnh hoc dy k khc ph hoi (vikopanam vvikappanamv). u c 3 chi y mi phm ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc o t (Pathavkhananam). 2) Li ni tro tr (annavdaka).

T-khu lm quy, Tng gi n hi tra m c ni tro tr, hoc nn thinh khng ni. Nu Tng tng li khuyn rn, m cn gi thi nh th phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti tnh x Ghosita gn thnh Kosambi do T-khu Channa lm quy, n Tng hi m ni tro tr. Ch gii: T-khu c mun du li, ni tro tr nh ni "ai phm, phm tig", lm kh cho Tng, phm Tc c. n khi Tng tra hi m cn tro tr na, hoc nn thinh phm ng i tr. T-khu khng lm kh cho Tng, khng ni tro tr nh th phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: T-khu khng bit ti hoc khng bit mnh phm ti hoc hi "ngi hi th no", v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny c 3 chi: - Tng co ti (dhammakamme ropita). - Tng tra hi ti hoc iu phmti (nuyujjiyamnat). - Ni tro tr, hoc nn thinh, v mun du li (patticaranamv tunhbhvov). u c 3 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc trm cp (adinndna samutthna). 3) T-khu ni xu v khc (ujjhpanaka). T-khu ni xu v khc m Tng ch nh lm vic cho Tng nh lt ch ngi, hoc chia ti vt, nu v y lm vic cho Tng c ng n, Tkhu ni xu, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti Trc Lm tnh x (Vihra veluvna) gn thnh Vng x (Rjagaha). do phe Lc s ni xu c A la hn Dabbamallaputta.

Ch gii: Nu T-khu m Tng ch nh hnh ng theo php, th vi ni xu phm ng i tr, hnh khng ng theo php v ni xu th phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: T-khu ni xu v khc hnh theo 4 php ty v (agati) (nh thng ring) ngha l: khng lm ng php v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc ni xu (annattika) c 6 chi: - ngi m Tng ch nh hnh ng theo php (djamma kammena sammatta). - ngi m Tng ch nh y l T-khu (upasampannat). - lm khng ty v (agatigamanbhvo). - c co ti n ngi y (tassa avannakmat). - co ti hoc ni xu dnngi no, ngi y l T-khu (tassa upasampannat). - co ti hoc ni xu (ujjhpanam vkhi yanamv). u c 6 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc trm cp (adinndna samutthna). Ch khc nhau l: iu hc ny thuc v th kh (dukkhavedan). 4) Ch ngi nm th nht (pathama sensana). T-khu ly ta c ca Tng em tri nm trong tht ca Tng, khi i khi ni y, m khng dn, hoc khng nh ngi khc dp ct, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do ch s em vt lt ngi, nm ni trng m khng dn ct. Ch gii: Ngoi 4 thng ma, trong ni mt, di ci cy m th khng i, tiu tin nhm, T-khu nga c ni y, i ra khi khng phm ti. Tkhu lt cho cc v khc m cc v ny khng ngi trong ni y, hoc khng ni "ng i i" th cn v phn s ngi lt tri. T-khu ngi trn bn gh,ging m t mnh dn ra, hoc nh ngi dn ra cho mnh, cc vt y u v phn s mnh.

T-khu ng trong nh n, dy rng: ngi em trong gia cha ri i. T-khu y ra khi nh n, i n ni khc nh th, nn cho lut s pht ti. Nu ch ngi nm ca Tng th phm ng i tr, vt ring ca T-khu th phm Tc c. T-khu ng trong rng, nu khng c ch che ma, em cc vt y trn nhnh cy cho khi th ph hoi (nh mi n) ri i khi ni y cng c. Th thc khng phm ti: Ch ngi nm ca mnh v T-khu thn thit nhau, khng phm ti, t mnh ct hoc nh ngi khc ct, hoc gi em phi, ri i tnh s tr li dn ct, hoc c ngi hoc c T-khu trng lo [*] li ui, hoc cho Sa-di, ngi th n ly, c th d n ng ni y, khng c dn dp ri i khi v s c iu hi hoc kh tu hnh, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. [*] nu c v trng lo bo dy, hoc c tinh, ng qu n ngi ni y hoc c quan ln n ngi ni y, b i khi phm ti. iu hc ny phm ti v dy ngi khc (snattika) c 6 chi: - Nht l ging, bn thp di ca Tng (mancdinam samghikat). - T mnh hoc dy ngi em ra ngi nm trong ch ni (santhranam v santhrpanamv). - Khng c ngi li tranh ginh (abalibuddhat). - Khng c iu hi (padybhvo). - Khng c tr li dp ct (nirapekkhat). - i khi ni y (lenducttikkamo). Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc l dng y ln th nht (pathamakathinasamuttna). Ch khc nhau l iu hc ny phm v lm l dn ra, v khng lm l khng dn ct, hoc khng gi cho ngi khc (kiriakiriy). 5) Ch ngi nm th nh (dutiya senasana).

T-khu em gi nga c ca Tng lt nm trong tht ca Tng, khi i khi ni y, khng dc ct, hoc khng nh ngi khc dn, phm ng i tr . iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Thp tht s n tri lt nga c ri b ra i khng dp nn b mi n h ht. Ch gii: cc th nga c ca Tng, nm, y lt lng, y lt ging, y p, chiu, m, da, ta c c ba... T-khu ly 1 th ta c no em lt nm trong cha, tht ca Tng, ri khng em ct, hoc khng nh k khc ct, i ra khi ni y, 1 buc u phm Tc c, khi bc th 2 phm ng i tr. trong ni no khng c iu hi, du khng gi ri cng phm, gi l phn s ca T-khu. Trong ch ca Tng th phm ng i tr, trong ch ca T-khu th phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Ch ca mnh hoc ca T-khu thn thit t mnh dn ct hoc nh ngi dn ct, hoc c ngi tranh dnh (nh c gii) ri b i, hoc tnh s li dn ct trong ngy y, hoc i ri tnh tr li nhng c tai hi khng tr li c v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny phm ti v dy ngi khc (snattika) c 7 chi: - ch nm nh ni (vuttalakkhansey). - ch nm y ca Tng (tasssamghikat). - mnh lt tri hoc dy ngi khc lt tri trong ni nh ni (santharanam v santharpanamv). - khng c ngi tranh dnh (aPalibhudhat). - khng c iu hi (padybhvo). - i n ni khc,khng c tr v (anapekkhasSa-dis pakkamanam). - i khi ranh cha (upacra simtikkamo). u c 7 chi y mi phm ti. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc trn. 6) Chen ln (anupakhajja).

T-khu bit l tht ca Tng c v khc vo ng trc ri, c ly tri lt ngi, hoc nm chen ln trong ni y, lm cho v vo ng trc phi chu cht hp, kh khn, ri b i rakhi, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s dnh ch tt p lm cho ch trng lo phi kh khn. Ch gii: t mnh hoc dy k khc lt tri nga c trong ch ca Tng, phm Tc c, ngi hoc nm phm ng i tr. Trong ch ca T-khu phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Lt tri trong ch ca mnh hoc trong ch ca T-khu thn thit, trong ch ca T-khu bnh, hoc v c iu hi, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 4 chi: - Ch ca Tng (sanghikahrat). - Bit rng c ngi vo trc khng nn chen ln (anumatthpaniyabhvajnanam). - C lm cho T-khu y cht hp (sambdhetukmat). - ngi hoc nm trong ni y (upacre nisdanamv nippajnamv). u c 4 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr . Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc Bt cng tr th nht (pthama prjika), ch khc nhau l iu hc ny thuc v th kh (dukkhavedan). 7) Li T-khu ra khi tht (nikaddhana). T-khu gin hn v khc ri li ko hoc ui v y ra khi tht ca Tng, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s dnh ch nn ko li phe Thp tht s. Ch gii: T-khu gin ui, dy ngi khc li ko, trong khi dy phm Tc c, ui hoc li ra khi ca tht, phm ng i tr, ui, hoc ko hoc

li ra khi ch T-khu phm Tc c. ui Sa-di, ling vt dng ra khi ch ca Tng, phm Tc c, k theo mi vt dng. Th thc khng phm ti: Ko li ra khi ch ca mnh,hoc ch ca T-khu thn thit, hoc can gin ngi ci c ri ling vt dng ca ci ra khi ch ca Tng, hoc p T-khu ph gii, t ca mnh lm quy, hoc ling vt dng ca ngi lm quy v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny phm ti v dy ngi khc (snattika) c 3 chi: - ch ca Tng (sanghikahrat). - ko li T-khu v ti, khng ci c (bhandanakrakabhvdivimuttat). - t mnh ko hoc dy ngi khc ko li T-khu y v gin hn (kopenanikadhanamv nikaddhpanamv). u c 3 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc trm cp (adinndn sikkhpada) . Ch khc nhau l iu hc ny thuc v th kh (dukkhavedan). 8) Gc trong tht (vehsakt). T-khu ngi hoc nm trn ging, gh m h ch k , cha lm thit chc, trn gc trong tht, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do T-khu trn gc, ngi trn ging m h k s, rt xung nhm u T-khu tng di. 9) Tnh tht ln (mahallaka). T-khu dng t v vi t tnh tht ch c php t nhiu lm l 3 lp, nu t qu 3 lp phm ng i tr . iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti tnh x Ghosita gn thnh Kosambi do T-khu Channa t tht lp nhiu lp lm cho tht phi ng sp.

Ch gii: Phi ng trnh ch cy xanh (cy, c) l ng xa cho khi rung, vn, m ngi c trng cy, gieo m, trng du... Nu ng trong cc ni y m t, sn, pht, phm Tc c. 10) Nc c cn trng (sappnaka). T-khu bit nc c cn trng sng ri em ti cy, c, hoc ti t phm ng i tr . iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti thp Agglava, gn thnh Aggalavi, do cc T-khu x Aggalavi dng nc ti cn trng em ti c, t. Ch gii: Ling cy, c xung ch nc t lm cho cn trng cht, ling 1 ln phm 1 ti. Trong nc khng c cn trng tng l c, hoc nghi, ri em ti cy c, phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Ti v tng l nc khng c cn trng, khng c , qun khng bit, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 4 chi: - Nc c cn trng sng (udakassasasappnakat). - Bit rng cn trng s cht v s ti nc (marissantitijnanam). - Nc s rt ht (tabb udakamtdisameva). - Nh em nc ti c, v 1 l g (tinndinamsibbnam). u c 4 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc trm cp (adinndn sikkhpada). Ch khc nhau l iu hc ny phm ti v Pht cm (pannattivajja), c 3 tm, 3 th. --- o0o --III. DY PHP PHN TH BA (Ovdavagga).

C 10 iu hc: 1) Dy php cho T-khu ni (bhikkhunovda). T-khu m Tng khng ch nh, ri i dy 8 iu trng php cho T-khu ni, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s thy cc i c dy o cho T-khu ni c nhiu vt dng, bn r nhau i dy T-khu ni. Ch gii: T-khu c 8 chi: 1. Thu thc theo gii bn. 2. Hc rng. 3. Thng c 2 gii bn. 4. Ting thanh tao d nghe. 5. ng cho T-khu ni knh mn. 6. C sc va dy bo T-khu ni c. 7. T-khu t khi phm iu trng php vi T-khu ni. 8. Xut gia c 20 h, hoc nhiu hn 20 h. u c 8 chi y mi mi nn ch nh chi i dy T-khu ni. 8 Trng php l: 1. T-khu ni, du tu c 100 h cng phi lm l T-khu mi xut gia trong mt ngy. 2. Khng nn nhp h trong ch khng c T-khu. 3. Nn c hi ngy l pht l, sm hi v n th gio ni T-khu Tng trong na thng. 4. Nhp h ri nn hnh php t t trong hai phi Tng. 5. Phm trng php (l Tng tn) ri nn cho 2 phi Tng giao hip li. 6. Phi tu bc Tht xoa ma na th tr 6 gii trong 2 nm ni 2 phi Tng ri mi c xut gia ln T-khu ni. 7. Khng c php mng nhic T-khu. 8. T-khu ni khng c dy T-khu. T-khu ni phi nn tn knh th tr 8 trong php y cho n trn i khng c b qua.

2) Mt tri ln (atthangata). Du l T-khu m Tng ch nh khi mt tri ln m cn dy o n T-khu ni phm ng i tr . iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x ( Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do i c A la hn Culapanthaka dy o cho Tkhu ni mn ti c ngi, a ngi ra khi thnh b thnh ng ca vo khng c, lm cho thin h ni xu. 3) Ti ch ca T-khu ni (upassaya). T-khu i dy T-khu ni ni ch ca c, phm ng i tr, tr ra dy T-khu ni c bnh. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti tnh x Nigrodha gn thnh Ca t la v (Kapilavatthu), do phe Lc s i dy cho phe 6 T-khu ni ti ch ca cc c. 4) Mong c ti vt (misa). T-khu ni xu v khc rng i dy T-khu ni rng mong c ti vt phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s ni cc i c i dy T-khu ni v mun c li. 5) Cho y n T-khu ni (cvaradna). T-khu cho y n T-khu ni khng phi b con, phm ng i tr, tr ra i y vi nhau. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do 1 T-khu cho c sa n T-khu ni khng phi b con. 6) May y cho T-khu ni (cvarasibhana). T-khu t mnh may y hoc dy k khc may y cho T-khu ni khng phi b con ng i tr .

iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do T-khu Udyi may y cho T-khu ni. 7) R T-khu ni i chung ng (samvidhna). T-khu r T-khu ni i chung ng, du ch i xa 1 khong trong xm cng ng i tr, tr ra c ng nguy him. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s r T-khu ni i chung ng. 8) R T-khu ni i chung thuyn(nvbhirhana). T-khu r T-khu ni i chung thuyn, i ngc hoc i xui nc cng phm ng i tr, tr ra i qua sng rch. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s r T-khu ni i chung thuyn. 9) Dn nu n (paripcana). T-khu bit th thc (vt ngt, hoc mn) m T-khu ni dn, dy thin tn dng cng, phm ng i tr, tr ra thin tn tnh trc. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti Trc lm tnh x (Vihra veluvana) gn thnh Vng x (Rjagaha) do T-khu b t a (Davadatta) bit nh T-khu ni nn c mi n m cn i d. 10) Ch khut mt (rahonisajja). T-khu ngi hoc nm trong ch khut mt vi T-khu ni phm ng i tr . iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do T-khu Udyi vo ngi ni kn vi T-khu ni (v trc). ---o0o--IV. VT THC PHN TH T (Bhojana vagga). C 10 iu hc:

1) Nh th thc (vasathapinda). Vt thc trong phc x m h b th khng phn hng ngi, T-khu khng bnh ch c php th thc 1 ngy ri phi ngh, b qua 1 ngy, th na mi c, nu th thc lin tip n ngy th 2, phm ng i tr . iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s n th thc nh th thc y lun khi, lm cho ngi ch trch. Ch gii: C bnh tng l khng bnh hoc nghi ri phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: C bnh bit l c bnh, th thc 1 ln th thc cch 1, 2 ngy hoc th ri qua ngy sau i khut ni khc m c s ri ro, tr li th na c, hoc th ch thnh th lun, hoc h dnh ring cho T-khu hoc th ngoi 5 mn n (cm, bnh st, bnh ngui, tht, c) v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 3 chi: - Cm trong phc x (vasathapindat). - Khng c bnh (agilnt). - ch n (anuvasitvbhojanam). u c 3 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr . Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc th lng cu (elakalomasikkhpada). 2) Th thc chung nhiu v (gnabhojana). Nu th ch h thnh, cho bit tn vt thc 5 mn l (cm, bnh, st, bnh ngui, c, tht) mt mn no, nu T-khu th vt thc y chung nhau t 4 v tr ln, ri n chung hoc n ring, phm ng i tr, tr ra c 7 duyn c ny: - T-khu bnh (gilnasamayo). - L dng y (cvaradnasamayo). - K lm y (cvarakrasamayo). - i ng xa (addhnagamanasamayo). - i chung thuyn (nvtirhanasamayo).

- T-khu hi hp qu s, vt thc khng dng (mahsamayo). - Vt thc ca cc hng xut gia thnh th thc (samanabhattasamayo). C 1 trong 7 duyn c y th thc khng phm ti (trong iu hc ny ch ly c i th thc chung cng nhau lm bng). iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti Trc lm tnh x (Vihra Veruvana) gn thnh Vng x (Rjagaha) do phe T-khu b t a (Devadatta) dn i th thc chung cng nhau thng thng tm xin vt ngon. Ch gii: Du T-khu ln ting xin ngay tn ca vt thc rng: ngi cho ti xin cm... c... tht ... xin chung ch, hoc khc ch, nhng th trong 1 ch cng nhau cng phm ti. Th thc chung cng nhau nhiu v, trong khi th phm Tc c, n vo phm ng i tr, mi khi n vo khi c. Khng phi th thc cchung nhiu v m tng l th chung, hoc nghi ri n, phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Khng phi th thc chung nhiu v bit l khng phi, hoc 2, 3 T-khu th thc chung cng nhau, hoc nhiu T-khu i khut thc ri v n chung, hoc th thc chung ngoi 5 mn n, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 3 chi: - Th thc chung nhiu v (ganabhojanat). - Khng c duync (samaybhvo). - n vo khi c (ajjhoharanam). u c 3 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc th lng cu (ekalakalomasikkhpada). 3) Th thc ni khc (paramparabhojana). T-khu chu thnh i th 1 trong 5 mn n, trong 1 ni no, ri khng i trong ni y, tr li i th trong ni khc phm ng i tr, tr ra c cho T-khu i th cho mnh hoc c 1 trong 3 duyn c ny:

- T-khu bnh - L dng y. - K lm y. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti Trc lm tnh x (Vihraveluvana) gn thnh Vng x (Rjagaha) do ch T-khu chu thnh ri m cn i th thc ni khc lm cho th ch bt bnh. Ch gii: Khi th vt thc ni th ch thnh sau phm Tc c, khi n vo phm ng i tr (mi ming n mi ti) tr ra c 1 trong 3 duyn c ni. Khng phi th thc ni khc m tng l phi, hoc nghi, phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Bit khng phi th thc ni khc, chongi i th th cho mnh, hoc n chung 1 lt, hoc n theo vt thc th (th trc, n trc, th sau n sau), (ngoi 5 vt thc ni th khng k) v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 3 chi: - Vt thc ca ngi khc (paramparabhojanat). - Khng c duyn c (samaparabhojana). - n vo (ajjhoharanam). Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc l dng y ln th nht (pathamakathina sikkhpada). Ch khc nhau l iu hc ny phm v lm v khng lm (kiria kiriy). 4) Th bnh (knamt). T-khu vo xm khut thc, nu c th ch h em bnh nhiu n dng, c php th nhiu lm n 3 bt, nu th qu hn nh, phm ng i tr. Bnh m T-khu th c 2 hay 3 bt y, phi chia st cho T-khu khc vi, mi nn. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do ch T-khu th bnh ca m nng Kn. Ch gii: T-khu th 2 bt, khi ra khi gp T-khu ni pha ngoi nn ni "trong ch y ti th 2 bt ri, ngi ch nn th thm 1 bt na". T-

khu ny thy v khc nn cho hay "T-khu trc th 2 bt ri, ti cng th 1 bt ri ngi khng nn th na". T-khu th trc 1 bt ri, cng phi ni li vi T-khu khc nh th. T-khu th 3 bt ri, thy v khc n ngn cn khng cho n th na, nu khng ngn cn, phm Tc c. T-khu nghe v khc ngn cn m cn i n th na, phm Tc c. T-khu y v n nh n, hoc n ni thng th thc, cho mnh 1 bt cn d li phi dng n Tng, cho theo mun mnh khng c (khng nn cho n ngi thn thit). T-khu th c 1 bt, khng mun cho ai cng c ty s thch. 5. Ngn vt thc ln th nht (pathama pavran). T-khu ng n, nu c th ch em trong 5 vt thc n dng, trong khong 2 hc 1 gang m khng th gi l "ngn vt thc". T-khu ngn vt thc khng phi ca T-khu bnh hoc vt cha lm theo lut ( vinaya kamma) phm ng i tr. Ch gii: ngn vt thc [*] c 5 chi: - ng khi n (sanampannyati). - vt n v vt n (5 th vt thc) (bhojanampannyati). - ngi dng trong khong 2 hc 1 gang (hatthapsethito). - h dng vt thc vo (abhiharati). - ngn ra (patikkhepopannyati). [*] 5 th vt thc, nht l cm v bnh lm bng 7 th m. u c 5 chi y mi gi l ngn. 7 th m hoc bnh lm bng 7 th m l vt sanh "ngn vt thc" tht v c m T-khu ng n m h dng tht c, du nh bng ht ci trong ng, nu T-khu cha n m ngn cc vt thc khc, c th lm cho sanh "ngn vt thc" cng khng gi l ngn. Nhng tht v c m T-khu ng n, 1 ming cn trong tay, v trong bt, nu T-khu ngn tht, c khc, gi l ngn c 2 ming. Cm du 1 ht, vt thc trong bt, trong ming v trong tay m T-khu cn tic ri ngn vt thc khc, gi l ngn. Nu T-khu khng tic vt thc cn d li vt thc, vt thc y T-khu khng c n, hoc mun cho n ngi khc, hoc mun i n trong ni khc, T-khu y du ngn cng khng gi l ngn. Gii v hc (hatthapsa): Nu T-khu ngi th k t ch cui cng pha sau, nu ng k t gt chn, nm nghin bn no, k t lng bn y n

ch cui cng tay, chn ca ngi dng, ngi hoc ng, hoc nm (tr ra tay a ra dng, c 2 hc, 1 gang gi l hc). H ng trong hc ri ci dng n m T-khu ngn ra mi gi l "ngn". Nu qu hc m ngn th khng gi l "ngn". Gii v vt thc n: Nu T-khu ngi theo hng ng, khng a bt trong tay hoc trn chn ra, ch ni "ngi hy ly cm" nh th, nu T-khu ngn cng khng gi l "ngn", du vt trong thng em trc mt ri bch nh th cng vy. Ch n khi xc cm ln ri T-khu ngn mi gi l ngn, du 2 ngi ng nhau ln cng gi l ngn. Khi h dng n T-khu ngi theo hng ng ri T-khu ngoi tip p bt, gi l ngn vt m h dng n ngi khc, v l y, khng gi l ngn. Gii v cch ngn: Trong vt m h dng n bng li, th ngn khng c. Vt m h dng bng thn, cng phi ngn bng thn, nh a tay ra chn ngn hoc ni "va ri, ng dng na, nh th migi l ngn". Mt ngi dng canh tht rng "Bch ngi, xin ngi th canh" T-khu nghe, ngn ngi y ra, nh th khng gi l ngn, khi no h ni "Bch ngi, xin ngi th canh tht" m T-khu "ngn" mi gi l ngn. Nu h ni "xin ngi th vt ny" m T-khu ngn cng gi l ngn. Du h lm tht cht t tht bng ht ci m ngn th cng gi l ngn. H nu canh c, tht chung vi mt v canh mng, ri em n dng rng "Bch ngi, xin ngi th canh mt, canh mng" nu ngn cng khng gi l ngn, v h ni tn ca vt nn dng, khng sanh s "ngn" Nu h ni "xin ngi th canh c, canh tht" hoc ni "hy th vt ny" mi gi l ngn. Ngn vt thc c 5 chi: - T-khu ng n. - H em vt thc n dng na. - H trong hc. - H dng vt thc vo. - T-khu ngn vt thc. Nh th gi l ngn. Trong 4 oai nghi (nm, i, ng, ngi) T-khu ngn trong 4 oai nghi no, ng thay i oai nghi y, n khng c ti.

Vt dng m khng lm theo lut (vinaya kamma) v khng phi l vt d (anatiritta) dng khng c, vt thc lm theo lut v vt d ca Tkhu bnh gi l vt d (atiritta) nn dng c. By cch lm theo lut (vinaya kamma). 1- Cc vt thc nh tri cy hoc c m ngi khng c lm thnh vt cho T-khu dng c (samanakappa) [*] v tht khng nn dng, Tkhu ngi lm theo lut (vinaya kamma) ly cc vt khng nn dng y em lm theo lut rng "tt c vt ny nn ri" (alameta sabbam). [*] cch th lnh vt m th ch dng c 5: - Vt m ngi c sc lc bc trung va d ln ri. - Ngi dng trong hc - Th ch nghing mnh dng vo - Ch thin, ngi hoc th dng. - T-khu th lnh vt y bng thn hoc bng vt dnh thn 2- Vt m T-khu, ngi lm theo lut cha th, ri lm theo lut rng "tt c vt ny nn ri". 3- Vt m T-khu em n cho T-khu, ngi lm theo lut, lm cho thnh vt nn dng, nhng cha d ln, hoc cha dng vo, ri lm theo lut rng "tt c vt ny nn ri". 4- T-khu em n cho T-khu trong bn lm theo lut y ngoi hc ri lm theo lut rng "tt c vt ny nn ri". 5- Mt T-khu no lm theo lut rng "tt c vt ny nn ri". nhng Tkhu, ngi lm theo lut y, cha n ri lm theo lut rng "tt c vt ny nn ri". 6- T-khu, ngi lm theo lut c n ri, ngn vt thc ri, ng dy khi ch ngi ri, i lm theo lut cho v khc rng "tt c vt ny nn ri". 7- T-khu ngi lm theo lut ni rng "tt c vt ny nn ri". Mt trong 5 th vt thc no, m khng phi l vt d ca T-khu bnh, vt khng nn lm theo lut (7 cch trn) hoc vt thc khng phi l ca d ca T-khu bnh, c 2 vt thc y gi l khng phi ca d (anatiribhojana).

Khng phi vt d (anatiritta) l ni v vt khng lm theo lut l: - Vt m khng c lm cho thnh vt nn. - Vt m T-khu khng c th, ri lm cho ra vt nn. - Vt m T-khu khng c d ln hoc khng c dng vo gn cho T-khu lm ra vt nn. - T-khu trong hc ri lm. - T-khu cha c n ri lm - T-khu n ri, c ngn vt thc ri ng dy khi lm. - Vt m T-khu khng ni "tt c vt ny nn ri", v vt khng phi ca d ca T-khu bnh. C 2 vt thc y gi l "khng phi vt d" (anatiritta), "vt d" (atiritta) l ni v vt c lm theo lut (vinaya kamma) l: - Vt m h lm cho ra vt nn. - Vt m T-khu th lnh ri lm cho ra vt nn. - Vt m T-khu d ln hoc dng vo gn cho lm ra vt nn. - T-khu trong hc ri lm. - T-khu n ri mi lm. - Vt m T-khu n, ngn vt thc richa ng dy khi ch ngi, ri lm. - Vt m T-khu ni "tt c vt ny nn ri" v vt d ca T-khu bnh. C 2 th vt thc y gi l vt d (atiritta). T-khu ngn cm nh c gii trn, nu thay i oai nghi ri th thc khng phi ca T-khu bnh, dng phm Tc c, v th. n vo, phm ng i tr mi ming n. Nht l th ymaklika lm vt thc, n ngoi ba n, th cho vt thc, vt d ca T-khu bnh m tng l khng phi ca T-khu bnh, hoc nghi, phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Th vt thc khng phi ca T-khu bnh v ngh s em cho T-khu khc lm kappiya cho, ri mi dng, th cho ngi khc, th ymaklika 20 satthaklika 21, yvajvika 22 ngoi vt thc, dng theo lut l c Pht cho php, v T-khu bnh khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 3 chi:

- Ngi n cm v ra khi ch ngi (pavritabhvo). - Vt thc cha lm kappiya khng phi vt d ca T-khu bnh (amisassa anaritt). - n trong gi (kle ajjhoharanam). u c 3 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc l dng y ln th nht. Ch khc nhau l iu hc ny "phm v lm l ngn cn, phm v khng lm l khng c lm theo (kiriakiriy) trc ri mi nn n". 6) Ngn vt thc ln th nh (dutiya pavran). T-khu bit rng v khc ngn vt thc nh th, tnh co ti v y, ri c ly vt thc khng phi ca T-khu bnh, hoc khng c lm theo lut (vinayakamma), em ni n hoc p, nu v y n, T-khu ni n hoc p ly, phm ng i tr . iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do T-khu em vt khng phi ca d, n ni p T-khu m mnh on . Ch gii: T-khu ni n hoc p dng vt thc n T-khu khc phm Tc c, n vo ng i tr. Th thc khng phm ti: Cho vt thc d ca T-khu bnh, hoc v cho v c li rng "ngi dy hc thnh vt thc d ca T-khu bnh ri s dng" hoc em cho ngi khc, hoc nh c ymaklika ri ni "khi c duyn c s dng",v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 5 chi: - T-khu ngn cm (pavrittat). - bit T-khu y ngn cm (pavrittasannitt). - C co ti (asdanpekkhat). - Ly vt khng phi ca d ca T-khu bnh em cho (abhihatthumpavranat). - T-khu y n ri (bhojanapariyosnam). u c 5 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr .

Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc trm cp (adinndn sikkhpada). ch khc nhau l iu hc ny thuc v th kh (dukkhavedan). 7) n vt thc si gi (viklabhojana). T-khu n vt thc trong khi si gi l t chinh x n mt tri mc, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti Trc lm tnh x (Vihra Veluvana) gn thnh Vng x (Rjagaha) do phe Thp tht s th thc si gi. Ch gii: Th nht l ymaklika dng lm vt thc trong khi si gi hoc trong gi, l t sm mai n ng ng, hoc tng l si gi, phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti trong gi bit l trong gi, n khng phm, c duyn c n ymaklika trong khi si gi cng c, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 3 chi: - Trong lc si gi (viklat). - Vt thc l ymaklika (vt n trong bui sng - t mt tri mc ti ng bng) (yvaklikat). - n vo (ajjhoharanam). u c 3 chi y mi phm ti ng x i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthna vidhi) nh trong iu hc th lng cu (elakalomsikkhpada). 8) Vt thc dnh (sannidhikraka). T-khu dng vt thc th, ri dnh cch m, phm ng x i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do T-khu Velatthsisa n tu trong rng (thy ca i c Ananda) phi cm kh n nhiu ngy. Ch gii: Nu ra bt khng sch, ly tay chi thy r du tay, em phi trong ch c nng, hoc th cho nng, m hi bt chy ra, T-khu du n trong bt nh th, trong bui mai ngy sau, phm ng x i tr.

Vt no m T-khu cho dt n Sa-di khng cn tic ri Sa-di ct gi, T-khu c vt y dng cng nn. Trong vt cch m phm ng x i tr. th ymaklika, satthaklika v yvajvika cch m lm vt thc, hoc nh vt thc, hoc trong vt thc khng phi cch m, tng l vt cch m, hoc nghi u phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Bit l vt khng phi cch m, ct yvaklika, satthaklika v yvajvika, khng qu hn nh, ri dng theo hn nh, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 3 chi: - Vt thc dng bui sng (anisam). - th vt thc y ri cch m (sannidhibhvo). - n vt thc y vo (tassa ajjhoharanam). u c 3 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr . Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc th lng cu (ekalomsikkhpada). 9) Vt thc qu (panbhojana). T-khu khng bnh xin cm chung vi 9 vt thc qu l: m lng, sa lng, sa c, du, mt ong, nc ma (ng), c, tht, sa ti, sa chua, 1 vt qu no ni thin tn khng phi b con, khng phi ngi c yu cu em n, phm ng i tr . iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi), do nhm Lc s xin 9 vt thc qu n. Ch gii: xin vt thc qu khng chung vi cm phm Tc c. Xin cm vi c, h cho cm vi tht khng phm ti. C bnh tng l khng bnh, nghi phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Bit mnh c bnh xin khi c bnh, ht bnh ri n, hoc n vt d ca Tkhu bnh, xin ni b con, ni ngi c yu cu, xin cho ngi khc hoc i, v T-khu in u khng phm ti.

iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 4 chi: - Cm vi vt thc qu (pantabhojanat). - Khng c bnh (agilnat). - Xin c (katavinnattiapatilbho). - n vo (ajjhoharanam). u c 4 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. iu hc ny ti sanh do thn, thn khu, thn , thn khu , phm v lm (kiriy) khng khi phm v tng (nosannavimokkha) khng c cng phm (acitaka) phm v Pht cm (pannattikavajja), thn nghip, khu nghip, c 3 tm, 3 th. 10) Tr ra tm v nc trng (dantapona). T-khu dng vt thc m ngi khng dng phm ng i tr, tr ra nc trng v tm xa rng. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti phc x trong rng tuyt sn gn thnh T sa ly (Vesali), do T-khu n tu ni m m n vt thc ca h em cng m ri b ni y, lm cho ngi ch trch. Ch gii: T-khu du th vt nh nhem bng ct bi m h khng dng, th phm Tc c, n vo khi c, phm ng i tr, tr ra nc trng v tm. Nc khng cn dng, c php dng tu thch. tm khng cn dng, v khng phi l vt n vo khi c, nu n vt qua khi c m khng hay bit cng phm ng i tr; trong vt th m ngi khng dng, phm ng i tr tng l cha dng hoc nghi, phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Bit l vt m h dng, n vo khi c khng phm ti: 4 th thuc nc tiu, phn, tro, t, khi hu s l b rn m m khng c ngi h th mnh ly dng, v T-khu in u khng phm ti hoc c ngi h m kh dy m khng th lm c. Khi khng c tro T-khu c php t ci kh, ci kh khng c, b cy ti t lm tro cng nn. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 4 chi:

- Vt khng c ngi dng (apatiggahitakat). - Vt y c Pht khng cho php (ananunntta). - Vt y khng phi l abbohrika nh khi, la (dhumdi abboharikabhvo). - n vo khi c (ajjhoharanam). u c 4 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr . Ch sanh ti (samutthna vidhi) nh trong iu hc th lng cu (elakalomsikkhpada). ---o0o--V. O LA TH PHN TH NM (Accelakavagga). 1) K tu o la th (Accelaka). T-khu t tay mnh hoc dy k khc cho vt thc n k tu o la th, tu ngoi o, ng i tr (mi ln cho mi ti). iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti phc x Kutgra trong rng tuyt sn, gn thnh T sa li (Vesli), do i c nanda cho bnh n ph n tu o la th. 2) R i khut thc (uyyojana). T-khu r v khc, i khut thc cng nhau tnh lm quy, ri ui v y tr v, phm ng i tr . iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do T-khu Upananda r t ngi bn i khut thc ri ui v. Ch gii: ui Sa-di, phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: ui c duyn c nh 2 v chung ch cng nhau, vt thc khng va nui mng sng, hoc thy vt tt cao gi, hoc thy ph n ri sanh lng tham, kh chu hoc dy em vt chi n T-khu bnh hoc khng tnh lm quy ri a i v, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 3 chi:

- Tnh lm vic quy (ancramcaritukamat). - ui T-khu v s li ch y (tadatthamevaupasam pannassanyojanata). - Ngi b ui i khi ch (evm uyyojetassa upacrtikkamo). u c 3 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr: Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc trm cp (adinndn sikkhpada). 3) Ch c 2 v chng (sabhojana). T-khu vo ngi trong nh khng c ngi khc ngi vi, ch c 2 v chng ch nh, ng i tr . iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do T-khu Upananda vo ngi trong bun ca v ngi bn. 4) Ch khut mt (rahopaticchanna). T-khu ngi hoc nm trong ch khut mt vi mt ngi n khng c ngi nam ngi chung vi phm ng i tr . iu hc ny gi l (pathama rahonisajja) cng c. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi), do T-khu Upanada vo ngi ni khut mt vi v ngi bn. Ch gii: du ngi chung vi ph n mi trong ngy cng phm ng i tr . 5) Ch khut tai (rahonisajja). T-khu ngi hoc nm ch khut tai vi mt ngi n, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny gi l "dutiya rahonisajja" cng c. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x ( Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi), do T-khu Upananda vo ngi trong nh vi ngi bn.

Ch sanh ti (samutthna vidhi) ca 2 iu hc ny nh trong iu hc "Bt cng tr th nht" (pathama prjikasikkhpada); ngoi ra, nn xem thm iu hc "Bt nh". 6) i ni khc (critta). T-khu c thnh i th 1 trong 5 mn n, ri i ni khc, trc gi n hoc n ri i t sm mai n ng bng phi cho T-khu trong ni y hay vi, mi nn i. Nu khng cho hay m i, phm ng i tr, tr ra c 1 trong 2 duyn c, l: k l dng y, lm y. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti Trc Lm tnh x ( vihra veluvana) gn thnh Vng x (Rjagaha), do T-khu Upananda chu thnh n m cn i n cc nh thin tn khc, lm cho ch s phi ch gn n gi, nn th thc khng c va lng. Ch gii: Du T-khu chu thnh n ca th ch ri, hoc cha n,khng t gi T-khu trong bn ri i n ni khc t sm mai n ng bng, khi i bc th nht phm Tc c, i n bc th nh phm ng i tr . Th thc khng phm ti: Bit l h khng mi, hoc c mt trong hai duyn c, t gi T-khu trong bn, khng t gi i v cha, i n ch T-khu ni, i n ni ngoi o, i n nh n, i v c tai hi, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 5 chi: - Vui thch trong s thnh i n 1 trong 5 th vt thc (annatarenanimantana sdiyanam). - Khng cho T-khu trong bn hay(santambhikkumannnucchat). - i n ni khc, khi nh h mi(annssagharassapavesanam). - Cha qu ng bng(majjhantiknatikkamo). - Khng c duyn c hoc tai hi(samayassav padnam v abhvo). u c 5 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr . Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc "l dng y l th nht" (pathamakathina sikkhpada). Ch khc nhau l iu hc ny, phm v lm l

chu thnh i th thc, v khng lm l khng t gi T-khu trong bn (kiriy kiriy). 7) Ch c php xin vt dng theo hn nh (Mahnma). (*) Mahnma l c vua dng Thch Ca, con nh ch ca c Pht, tui ln hn c Pht 1 thng, c qu T hm Nu th ch h yu cu dng 4 vt dng c han 4 thng hoc nh vt dng, T-khu khng bnh,nn xin trong hn k hoc trong vt nh thi, xin qu hn nh y, phm ng i tr, tr ra h yu cu thm hoc h yu cu lun. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti tnh x nigrodha gn thnh Ca t la v (Kapilavatthu) x Sakya do phe Lc s xin thuc qu hn. Ch gii: Xin khng qu hn nh tng l qu, hoc nghi ri xin, phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Bit l khng qu hn nh, xin khng phm ti cn dng cho bit thit, ri xin trong hn nh hoc xin ni trong b con v ngi yu cu v hn, hoc xin cho k khc, hoc i, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny phm ti v dy ngi khc (snattika) c 4 chi: - H yu cu n Tng (sanghapavranata). - Xin thuc cho qu s nh (tato uttaribhesajjavinntti). - Khng c bnh ( agilnat). - Xin qu hn k (pariyanttikkamo). u c 4 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr . Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc lm mai dong (sancarittasikkhpada). 8) Xem ng binh (uyyutta). T-khu i xem ng binh ra trn, phm ng i tr, tr ra khi c duyn c nn i, l c b con mang bnh trong ni y.

iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s xem ng binh. Ch gii: Voi va cho 12 ngi ci, nga va cho 3 ngi ci, xe va cho 4 ngi c cm kh gii ngi, gi l ng binh. T-khu ng trong ni no ri thy trong ni y, ng xem thng thng, phm ng i tr . ng binh tng l i binh thng, phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Bit l khng phi ng binh ri i xem khng phm, ni cha ri xem, hoc gp gia ung ri xem, hoc c tai hi, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 4 chi: - ng binh ra i (uyyuttasenam). - i xem (dassanatthyagamanam). - v xem trong cc ch khc, ngoi khong trng m c Pht cho php (annatradassanam). - khng c duyn c, hoc tai hi (padyav abhvo). u c 4 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr . Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc th lng cu (elakalomsikkhpada). Ch khc nhau l iu hc ny phm ti v i (lokavajja), phm v c tm, c 3 th. 9) Ng trong c binh (senavsa) Nu c duyn c, c th i c, T-khu ng trong binh c y lu lm l trong 3 ngy, nu qu hn, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s i xem c binh. 10) i n chin trng (uyyodhika). Trong khi ng trong c binh theo hn nh y, T-khu i n chin trng, hoc ni ng binh, phm ng i tr.

iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s i n chin trng. --- o0o --VI. UNG RU PHN TH SU (Surpnavagga) 1) Ung ru (surpna). T-khu ung nc c cht say, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti x Bhaddavatik, do T-khu Sgata ung ru. Ch gii: nc say lm bng cht say nht l lm bng bt gi l ru (sura), nc m ngi ngm bng cy gi l "meraya". C 2 th nc y du T-khu ung 1 nh, cng phm ng i tr. Khng phi nc say tng l nc say, hoc nghi ri ung, phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Bit l khng phi nc say, ung khng phm ti, ung thuc c cht say, m c mu, mi v v nh nc say, hoc canh, tht, du, tm rut rng v ng m ngi cht t nc say vo cho bn mi hi, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 2 chi: - Nc c cht say (majjabhvoca) - Ung nc c cht say y (tassapnam) u c 2 chi y th mi phm ti. Ch sanh ti (samutthna vidhi) nh trong iu hc "th lng cu" (elakalomsikkhpada). Ch khc nhau l iu hc ny phm ti v i (lokavajja), phm v c tm (akusalacitta), c 3 th . 2) Dng tay chc lc (angulipatodaka) T-khu dng tay chc lc v khc, phm ng i tr .

iu hc ny do c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x, gn thnh X V, do phe Lc s chc lc v khc. Ch gii: Chc lc Sa-di, phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Khng c chc lc chi ri ng nhm, c vic ri ng nhm, v Tkhu in, u khng phm ti . iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 2 chi: - C cht lt chi (hassdhippyat). - Tay mnh ng nhm T-khu khc (upasampannassakye nakamasanam). u c 2 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc Bt cng tr th nht (pathama prjika sikkhpada). 3) Gin nc (hassadhamma). T-khu gin nc phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe T-khu Vagga gin nc. Ch gii: Gin trong nc su t cm chn tr xung phm Tc c. mi ln ln xung ngc ln phm ng i tr, li phm ng i tr, mi ln tay bi chn quy. Nu li ni trn nc, phm ng i tr, mi ln tay chn bi quy; xung chi trong nc cn di cm chn, hoc chi ghe, hoc ly tay, chn, cy... chn nc hoc gin nc trong ng, gin bn, hoc khoc nc chi, u phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Vit ch gii ngha khng c chi, xung tm nh thng, li ngang rch, sng hoc c tai hi, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 2 chi:

- Nc su ngp cm chn (uparigoppahat). - Xung c gin chi cho vui (hassdhippyenakilanam). u c 2 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr . Ch sanh ti (samutthna vidhi) nh trong iu hc Bt cng tr th nht (pathama prjikasikkhpada). 4) Khng kin lut (andariya). T-khu t dng khng kin lut hoc khng kin ngi ging lut, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti tnh x Ghosita, gn thnh Kosambi, do T-khu Channa khng kin php lut. Ch gii: T-khu nh v khc thc tnh, khuyn dy du dt, cm rn theo iu hc ca c Pht cm ch m khng kin v y, hoc khng kin lut php, phm ng i tr. Ngh rng "V ny kim iu bt ti ch trch, ni xu, li v ny, ta khng hnh theo ri khng kin n nh th gi l khng kin", vi T-khu, phm ng i tr, vi sa-di, phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: T-khu c hc Phn, p: "s hc c Pali v Ch gii ca thy gio th ca ti nh vy.", v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 2 chi: - T-khu thc tnh theo lut m Pht cm ch(Upasampannassa pannattena vacanam); - D dui khng king n(andariya karanam). u c 2 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc trm cp (adinndn sikkhpada). Ch khc nhau l iu hc ny thuc th kh (dukkhavedan). 5) Nht T-khu khc (bhimspana). T-khu nht hoc lm cho v khc kinh s, phm ng i tr.

iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x ( Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s nht phe Thp tht s. Ch gii: Lm cho T-khu khc s l ni: ch ny c k cp c c, hoc em vt g lm cho s, ni li chi cho T-khu khc s, T-khu ny du s hay khng s, T-khu nht cng phm ng i tr; T-khu nht cng phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Khng tnh lm cho ngi s, ni li thit, nh ni "ng ny xa c bn cp", v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 2 chi: - Ngi y l T-khu (upasampannata); - C rng lm cho T-khu kinh s, trong khi v ny nghe v thy(bhimspetukmatya vyamanam). u c 2 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh iu hc trn. 6) Nhm la ln ngn (jotisam dahana). T-khu v bnh t mnh hoc dy ngi khc nhm la cho ln ngn ng h, ng i tr. Nu t v hu s, nh t bt, khng phm ti. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti rng Bhesaka do cc T-khu nhm la h trong thng lnh. Ch gii: Nhm la cha chy phm, chy ln ngn phm ng i tr. T-khu c bnh, khng c la chu khng c gi l: "c bnh". T-khu c bnh tng l khng bnh, nghi ri nhm la h, phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti:

Bit l c bnh ri nhm la h khng phm ti, h la ca ngi khc nhm, nhm la v hu s hoc c tai nn, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 4chi: - V bnh (agilnat); - Khng c duyn c m c Pht cho php (anunntakaranbhvo). - C h (Visibbhetukmata). - T mnh hoc dy k khc nhm la chy ln ngn (samdahanam). u c 4 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc lm mai dong (sancaritta sikkhpada). 7) Tm (nahna). T-khu x Trung n , 15 ngy tm mt k c, nu cha 15 ngy ri tm, phm ng i tr, tr ra c dp mi tm c. (iu hc ny ch cm x Trung n , x ngoi nh x ta nn tm thng thng, khng phm ti). iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti Trc Lm tnh x (Vihra veluvana) gn thnh Vng x (Rjagaha). Do ch T-khu tm lu, lm cho c vua "Tn B Sa" ch i. 8) Lm du (dubhannakarana). T-khu c y mi, nu mun mc, cn phi dng 1 trong 3 mu l: mu xanh chm, en xm, xm tro (bn), lm du trn (bandukappa) mi nn mc, nu cha lm du trn m dng, phm phm ng i tr . iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do ch T-khu khng bit nhn y b bn cp ot. Ch gii: T-khu mc y l, du m tng l cha lm, hoc nghi m mc, phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti:

 lm du trn, bit lm ri mc, hoc lm m du trn bay tan, hoc ch lm du trn y t rch mt, hoc y lm khng c, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 3 chi: - Y cha lm du trn (cvarassa akatakappal). - Khng phi l T-khu c y mt (nanatthcvaradit). - mc hoc p y y (nivsanamv prupanamv). u c 3 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr . Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc th lng cu (elakalom sikkhpada). Ch khc nhau l iu hc ny phm v lm, l mc, p, v khng lm l khng lm du (kiriy kiriy). 9) Gi y (vikappana). T-khu gi y cho 1 trong 5 hng ngi xut gia, T-khu, T-khu ni, Tht xoa ma na, Sa-d, Sa-di ni, m khng cho ngi lnh gi x php gi cho, ri em y v mc, p, phm ng i tr . iu hc ny gi l "paccudhra" nh th cng c. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do T-khu Upananda gi y khi ly y em v mc khng nh ngi lnh gi x php gi. Ch gii: T-khu gi y ri em v mc m cha x php gi y phm ng i tr . Nguyn t tn v la xa y cha x php gi. Phm Tc c, x php gi tng l cha x hoc nghi ri mc, p, phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Bit x php gi ri mc, p, cha chu gi x php gi cho, hoc dng y v thn thit vi ngi chu gi, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 3 chi: - Khng x y m mnh gi (smamvikappi tassa apaccudhro).

- Y y thc tc (b ngang, b di) nn gi (vikappanpaga cvarat). - mc, p (paribhogo). u c 3 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr . Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc l dng y ln th nht (pathamakathina sikkhpada). 10) Giu vt dng (ananidhna). T-khu giu 1 trong 5 mn, bt, ca-sa, ta c, dy tht lng ca v khc, giu chi ng i tr . iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s giu cc vt dng (bt, c-sa... ) ca phe Thp tht s. Ch gii: Ngi lnh em giu phm Tc c. T-khu giu hoc dy ngi em giu, phm ng i tr, giu ca ngi cha tu ln bc trn phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Vt dng ca ngi khc ct khng k lng gim ct cho, hoc lm c thc tnh, ri mi cho li, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny phm ti v dy ngi khc (snattika) c 2 chi: - Nht l du bt ca T-khu (pattdinam apanidhnam). - C lm cho ch kh lng, hoc giu chi (hassadhippyat). u c 2 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr . Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc trm cp (adinndn sikkhpada). ---o0o--VII. GIT CN TRNG PHN TH BY (sappnakavagga) 1) Git sc sanh (sancicapna).

T-khu c git sc sanh phm ng i tr . iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do Tkhu Udyi bn thc iu th (qu). Ch gii: T-khu c git sc sanh d nh bng trng ch, trng rp cng phm ng i tr . Th ln th nghip c ln, nghi con th cn sng, hoc khng phi th cn sng m tng l cn sng, ri git phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Bit rng khng-phi th, khng c , qun, khng bit, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. 2) Git cn trng (sappnaka). T-khu bit trong nc c cn trng sng ri dng nc y : ung, tm hoc ra tay, chn, hoc ra ng phm ng i tr . iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s dng nc c cn trng sng. 3) Nhc v c li (ukkotana). T-khu bit Tng gii s tranh bin theo 1 trong 7 php dit trnh ri m cn nhc vic y li na, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s nhc li vic c m Tng x xong ng theo php. Ch gii: T-khu no bit Tng dit trnh ri m cn n ni vi Tkhu y rng "Tng x vic y khng ng u, phi x li na" ni nh th th phm ng i tr. Tng dng theo php nghi, tng l khng dng theo php, phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti:

Tng l Tng s khng ng theo php, bit Tng s khng ng, v Tkhu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 3 chi: - Tranh bin m Tng dit theophp (yadhdhammam nihatabhvo). - bit (jnanat). - Nhc li (ukkotanam). u c 3 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc trm cp (adinndn sikkhpada) ch khc nhau l iu hc ny thuc v th kh ( dukkha vedan). 4) Giu ti nng (dutthullapaticchdana). T-khu bit T-khu khc phm ti nng l ti Tng tn, m li gim giu ti y, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do T-khu Upananda nh T-khu khc giu ti Tng tn - lm mai dong - m ngi phm. Ch gii: Trong ti nng, nghi, tng l khng phm ti nng, phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Tnh s c s ci l n Tng hoc nghi rng ngi y hung c s c hi n sinh mng hoc n phm hnh, ri nn thinh, cha gp T-khu ng ni, hoc khng mun giu ri nn thinh, khng ni v nghi, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 2 chi: - Bit l T-khu phm ti nng (upasam pannassa dutthullpattijnanam). - nh khng ni vingi khc v mun giu ti nng y (dhranikkhapo). u c 2 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr . Ch sanh ti (samutthna) ti sanh v thn khu , phm v lm (kiriya) khng phm v tng

(sannvimokkha), v cng phm (acittaka), phm ti v i (lokavajja), thn nghip, khu nghip, c tm (akusalacitta), th kh (dukkhavedan). 5) Ngi cha 20 tui (onavsativassa). T-khu bit l ngi cha 20 tui ri lm thy t cho tu ln bc trn (upasampad), phm ng i tr . Ngi y vn cn l Sa-di, cha c ln bc T-khu u. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti Trc lm tnh x (Vihra veluvana) gn thnh Vng x (Rjagaha) do T-khu truyn T-khu gii cho nhng ngi tr tui. Ch gii: T-khu lm ho thng t , phm ng i tr. Ngoi ra, cc T-khu khc chng minh u phm Tc c. V phn ngi tu ln bc trn y, du ho thng bit, hay khng lm php cho ln bc trn cng khng c ln. Ngi y khi tu c 10 h ri, c lm ho thng cho k khc tu ln bc trn, tr ho thng y ra, nu cc T-khu chng minh s, ngi mi tu y c gi l ln bc trn ng n. Du ngi cha c ln bc trn kia, cha bit mnh n u th ng tri v Nit Bn cng khng h hi n . Nu bit th nn lm l ngi tu ln bc trn li. 6) Trn quan thu (theyyasattha). T-khu bit bn bun tnh trn thu nh nc, trn quan thu, ri cn r i chung ng cng nhau, du i khi mt khong xm cng phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do 1 T-khu i chung vi bn bung lu b bt ri c th ra. Ch gii: i ng rng khng c xm, qua khi na do tun cng phm ng i tr. Ngi khng r, T-khu khng r, hoc bn bun m T-khu nghi, hoc khng phi bn bun, u phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti:

T-khu tng l khng phi bn bun lu, khng r m i chung ng cng nhau hoc ngi r m T-khu khng r, hoc r nhau i v c tai hi, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 4 chi: - Bn bun lu (theyyasatthabhro). - bit (jnanam). - C 2 bn ng r nhau i (samvidhnam). - i khi xm hoc qu na do tun (avisanketenagamanam). u c 4 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ti pht sanh do thn , thn khu , phm v lm (kiriy), khi phm v tng (sannavimokkha) phm v c (pannattivajja), thn nghip, khu nghip, 3 tm, 3 th. 7) R ph n i chung (samvidhra). T-khu r ph n i chung ng cng nhau ., du ch i qua khi xm cng ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do 1 v T-khu r 1 ngi ph n i chung ng. Ch gii: Trong tinh n, ng qu n, b np v th ci c thn hnh nh ngi, T-khu phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Bit l khng phi ph n, khng phm ti, ngai ra nh iu hc trn tr ra c s nguy him. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 3 chi: - C hai bn u r nhau i chung ng (Dvinampisam vidahitv maggapati pannat); - Khng sai mun(avisanketat); - i qua khi xm hoc i khi na do tun (gmantrogamanam v adhayojantikkamov);

u c 3 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ti pht sanh do thn khu, thn , thn khu , phm v lm (kiriy), khng khi phm v tng (nosannvimokha) v cng phm ti (acittaka), phm v Pht cm (pannattivajja), thn nghip, khu nghip, c 3 tm, c 3 th. 8) T-khu t kin (aritha). T-khu chp t kin, hiu thy sai lm php lut m c Pht ging gii, cc T-khu khc ngn cn cng chng nghe, nu Tng tng li khuyn rn n 3 ln (samanubhsanakamma) m cn cha dt b t kin, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do T-khu Arittha t kin. Ch gii: T-khu t kin l ni "tip xc ph n khng c ti, v nh ng nhm vt lt, tri,mm du, khng thy ti, trong s dm dc nh th, v khc nghe bit nn ging ti ng trn, rn cm T-khu y n 2, 3 ln m khng nghe, T-khu t kin y phm Tc c. Nu T-khu t kin khng chu b kin thc xu xa nn dn n cho Tng khuyn rn. Nu khuyn m khng nghe Tng tng Samanubhsana n 2 ln m T-khu y cng cha b tnh c th phm Tc c, khi tng dt ln th 3 ri, phm ng i tr. 9) Thn cn cng T-khu si m (ukkhitasambhoga). T-khu bit r v y cha b kin thc lm lc nh th ri thn cn cng v y, l n chung hoc hnh Tng s chung (sanghakamma), ng trong ni dng che cng nhau phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s hnh Tng s chung vi T-khu Arittha. Ch gii: T-khu no phm ti, Tng khng cho chung cng Tng, v khng thy ti hoc khng chu sm hi, hoc khng b t kin m v no c bit nh th ri cho vt thc, hoc n chung cng nhau, hoc hc hay dy php, hoc cho T-khu y lm Tng s chung cng nhau ... phm ng i tr. Nghi trong T-khu m Tng co ti y th phm Tc c.

Th thc khng phm ti: Tng l T-khu m Tng khng co ti, bit l T-khu b t kin, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 3 chi. - Tng khng hnh theo php (akatnudhammata). - Bit r (jnanam). - C lm vic nht l thn cn cng T-khu y (sambhogdikaranam). u c 3 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc trm cp (adinndn sikkhpada), ch khc nhau l iu hc ny phm ti v i (lokavajja) c 4 tm, 3 th. 10) D dnh Sa-di (kanthaka). T-khu bit Sa-di m T-khu hy b ri v ti thy quy ngoi php lut m c Pht gii, d dnh Sa-di y v cho hu h mnh, hoc n chung ng chung trong ch che lp, ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi), do phe Lc s d dnh Sa-di Kanthaka t kin cho hu h mnh. Ch gii: T-khu nghe thy bit Sa-di t kin nh th ri khuyn rn n 2, 3 ln m khng nghe nn tng li hy thng (khng cho chung, n chung - nsana) n Sa-di y rng: "Ajjatagge te vuso samanuddesa nacevaso bhagav satth apadisitabboyampicanne samanudde slabhanti bhikhhisaddhim dirattatirattam sahaseyyam spite caraparevinassti". Ngha l: Ny Sa-di! K t ngy nay ngi chng nn li ni c Th Tn l tn s ca ngi na. Cc Sa-di khc c php ng chung vi T-khu n 2, 3 m l hn nh, du nh th ngi cng khng c php ng chung, ngi lnh xa ra i, ngi l ngi xu xa, hy h hi i", nh th nu T-khu no bit Sa-di m Tng ph hoi nh vy ri li d dnh cho vt dng hay dy o, cho hu h mnh vui thch thn cn hoc chung cng Sa-di, phm ng i tr. ---o0o---

VIII. NI THEO PHP PHN TH TM (Dhammika vagga) 1) Ni theo php (sahadhammika). T-khu lm quy, khi v khc thc tnh m cn ci l rng "Ti cha hc hi iu hc y, ch ti hc hi cc ngi bc hc, lut s ", ni li nh th th phm ng i tr. L thng T-khu hc hi, nu cha c bit r iu no th cn phi hc tp cho thu o iu y ni bc minh s, cu ngi ging gii cho thy r rt. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti Ghositrma gn thnh Kosambi, do Tkhu Channa lm quy. Ch gii: ci l vi ngi cha tu ln bc trn phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: T-khu ni "Ti bit s hc hi", v T-khu in u khng phm ti, iu ny khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 2 chi: - T-khu cv khc khuyn rn theo iu lut cm ch (upasampannattena vacanam). - Ci l nh th (asikkhitukmatya evamvacanam). u c 2 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc trm cp (adinndn sikkhpada). Ch khc nhu l iu hc ny thuc v th kh (dukkhavedan). 2) Ni cho ngi di i (vilekhana). T-khu ng hc lut, v khc c ni xu iu hc lm cho T-khu y di i, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s ni cho T-khu di i.

Ch gii: Ni xu rng "hc tp iu hc c ch chi, ngi no hc nh th ch lm kh khn, nng ny bc bi, trong tm thi", ni nh th th phm ng i tr. Ni cho Sa-di th phm Tc c, ni xu kinh v lun trong T-khu v Sa-di th phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Khng c ni xu, nirng "hy c kinh hoc lun, hoc k ngn i, sau s hc lut", v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 2 chi; - c ni xu (garahitukmatca). - ni xu iu hc trong T-khu (upasampannassa santike sikkhpadavivannamca). u c 2 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc trm cp (adinndn sikkhpada). ch khc nhau l iu hc ny thuc v th kh (dukkhavedana 3) Lm nh khng bit (mohana). T-khu phm ti, c ni "ti ch mi bit y rng: iu y c trong gii bn (Ptimokkha). Nu v khc ni: T-khu y tng bit trc ri m ni nh th y l c lm nh khng bit. Tng nn tuyn b bi moharo panakamma [*] n T-khu y khi tng tng ri m vn cn lm nh khng bit" na, phm ng i tr. [*] Moharo panakamma l li Tng khuyn rng: - Ny ng, vic khng phi l li ca ng u, ng ch c iu quy v khi T-khu tng gii bn, ng khng ghi nh cho ng n. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s lm tung nh khng bit. 4) nh T-khu khc (pahradna).

T-khu gin v khc ri nh nh v y nh bp tai, , c ..., phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s nh phe Thp tht s. Ch gii: Du v y b nh nh th m ri c cht cng phm ng i tr, v ch c nh cho au kh thi. nh Sa-di th phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Nu c ngi mun lm hi nh mnh, mnh c th c li cho khi b hi, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 3 chi: - Gin hn (kupikat). - Khng c , mun cho mnh khi b hi (namokkhdhippyat). - nh ngi tu ln bc trn (upasam pannassapahradnam0 u c 3 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc Bt cng tr th nht (pathamaprjika sikkhpada). ch khc nhau l iu hc ny thuc v th kh (dukkhavedan). 5) D tay mun nh (talasattika). T-khu gin hn v khc ri da ty ln mun nh, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s d tay mun nh phe Thp tht s. Ch gii: Nu T-khu d tay mun nh ri qun nh nhm phm Tc c. V khng c nh. nu trng nhmmnh b bnh th no, cng phm Tc c. Ngoi ra cng nh trong iu hc trn. 6) Co v c (amlaka). T-khu v c, l khng c thy, khng c nghe, khng nghi m co v khc v ti Tng tn, phm ng i tr.

iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s, v c co cc T-khu trong phe. Ch gii: T-khu t mnh co v c hoc dy k khc co phm 1 trong 13 ti Tng tn, nu v b co c bit rng mnh b co th T-khu tin co phm ng i tr, co Sa-di phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Tng l T-khu phm, ri co theo tng, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 4 chi: - B co l ngi tu ln bc trn (upasampannat). - Co ti Tng tn khng c c (sanghdisesassa amlakata). - T mnh co hoc dy k khc co (anuddhasanata - Trong khi b co bit rng mnh b co (tamdhanamvijnanam). u c 4 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr: Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc trm cp (adinndn sikkhpada). ch khc nhau l iu hc ny thuc v th kh (dukkhavedan0. 7) C lm cho T-khu nghi ng (san cicca). T-khu c lm cho s nghi ng lo bun pht sanh n cc v khc, du l trong mt chc lt cng phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s c lm cho phe tht tht s nghi ng. Ch gii: Lm cho pht sanh s nghi ng l ni "c l ngi cha ng 20 tui chng? Tu khng ln bc trn c", c l ngi n vt thc si gi, c l ngi ung nc c cht say, c l ngi ngi trong ch kn vi ph n, lm cho ngi lo bun, nh th phm ng i tr, lm cho Sa-di phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti:

Khng c lm cho T-khu bun lo, l ni v mun cho s li ch n thy, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 3 chi: - Ngi tu ln bc trn (upasampannat). - C lm cho T-khu y lo bun (adhsukmat). - Lm cho s lo bun pht sanh nh gii (kukucca updanam0 u c 3 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc trn. 8) Rnh nghe ln ( upassuti). Khi cc T-khu ng tranh bin nhau, T-khu i rnh nghe ln, tnh rng cc T-khu ny ni li chi, ta nghe li y ri c co, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s ci l vi T-khu khc trong sch, ri i rnh nghe ln. Ch gii: T-khu khi nni nghe cc T-khu khc ng tranh bin ri ra du "tng hn" hoc ni "ti y", nu khng lm nh th, nn thinh nghe cng phm ng i tr, rnh nghe Sa-di th phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: i rnh nghe, tnh rng c nghe cc ngi ni, ta tr v, ta lnh i, ta chu nhn, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 3 chi: - Ngi tu ln bc trn (upasampannata) - C co (codan dhippyo). - Rnh nghe ln c (savanam). Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc trn qua thu (theyyasattha sikkhpada), phm v lm l mnh nghe ln (sia kiria) phm v khng lm l khng "tng hn" cho ngi bit (siy akiriy), khi phm v tng (sannvimokkha), phm v c (sacittaka), phm v ti i

(lokavajja) thn nghip, khu nghip (kakamma vackamma), phm c tm (akusalacitta) thuc v th kh (dikkha vedan). 9) Ph bng Tng lm vic phi (kammapatibhana). T-khu nhn chu cho Tng, lm vic phi, n sau tr li ni xu Tng lm vic y, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s ni xu Tng lm vic phi. Ch gii: T-khu nghi trong Tng s ng theo php, hoc trong Tng s ng theo php m ni l khng ng, phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: T-khu tng trong Tng s khng ng theo php, ri ni xu, v Tkhu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 3 chi: - Tng s ng theo php (dhammakammat). - Tng l tng s ng theo php (dhammakammamtisann). - nhn chu ri ni xu (chandam datvkhiyanam). u c 3 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc trm cp (adinndn sikkhpada), ch khc l iu hc ny thuc v th kh (dukkha vadan). 10) Cha chu m b ra i (pakkamana). khi Tng ng hi hp dit trnh hoc lm Tng s. Tng cha lm xong vi y, T-khu trong hi cha ng chu m b ra i, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny gi l Chandamadtv gamana nh th cng c. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do Tng hi hp lm Tng s c T-khu cha chu ri b ra i.

Ch gii: T-khu b ra i, bc cha khi hc "Tng" (hatthapsa sangham) th phm Tc c, ra khi hc Tng th phm ng i tr, nghi trong Tng s ng theo php hoc trong Tng s khng ng theo php, tng l khng ng th phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Bit l Tng s khng ng theo php, b ra i khng phm ti, bit rng chng c ting chng lnh n Tng, hoc Tng lm khng ng theo php ri b ra i, hoc c bnh, hoc i tiu, i tin, hoc i ra tnh s tr li, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 6 chi: - Trong khi phn x (vinicchayaka thyavaggamnat). - Tng s ng theo php (dhammakammat). - Bit rng T-khu ng theo php (dhammakammasannit). - trong gii hn Tng (samnasmyathitat). - Mnh c s ng ng vi Tng (samnasamvsakat). - C lm cho h Tng s, ri b ra i khi Tng hi (kotitukma tyahatthapsavijahanam). u c 6 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthna), ti sanh do thn, khu, , phm v lm l b ra i v khng lm l khng hu s (kiria kiria), khi phm v tng (sannvimokkha), phm v c (sacittaka), phm v ti i (lokavajja), thn nghip, khu nghip, c tm (akusalacitta), th kh (dukkhavedan). 11) Ph bng cc T-khu (khiyyadhamma). T-khu ng vi Tng thng y n 1 T-khu no, n sau tr li ni xu rng "cc T-khu y em li ca Tng n T-khu v ring", nh th phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti Trc Lm tnh x (Velivana) gn thnh Vng x (Rjagaha), do phe Lc s ni xu v A la hn Dabbamalla. 12) ot v cho ngi khc (parinnmana).

T-khu bit rng li m th ch sn lng dng n Tng ri thnh li n Tng y v cho ngi khc, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s ot ca Tng v cho T-khu khc. Ch gii: nh trong iu hc ot v cho mnh (parihatta sikkhpada) trong ng x i tr. ch khc l trong iu hc "ot v cho mnh" phm ti ng x i tr v ot v cho mnh, trong iu hc ny ch phm ng i tr, v ot v cho ngi khc. ---o0o--IX. TRONG N VUA PHN TH CHN (antepura) 1) Trong cung cm (antepura). c vua c th l tn vng lm cha trong nc, ngi cn ng trong cung cm vi hong hu, T-khu cha c lnh i vo cung cm y, phm ng i tr. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do c nanda vo trong cung cm trong khi c vua Pasanadikosala cng hong hu cn ng trn long sn. 2) Lm vt bu (ratana). T-khu thy vt dng ca ngi th ri hoc b qun trong ni no, cho l vt lm rt ri t mnh hoc bo k khc lm ly, phm ng i tr, tr ra vt y ri hoc b qun trong cha hoc ch ca mnh, phi lm ct cho ch, nu khng lm ct, phm Tc c. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do T-khu i tm lm c ti bc ng 500 lng ca ngi b la mn.B-la-mn nh T-khu cho ti bc li, ri tnh co gian rng ca ti c n 1000 lng khng phi ch 500 lng u, bn bt T-khu y ri th ra. Ch gii: T mnh lm ly hoc bo k khc lm ly bc vng cho mnh, phm ng i tr. Cho Tng, cho Thp v cho v khc, phm Tc c, du

ca cha m ri lm ct nh ngi gi kho, phm ng i tr. Nu ngi th ni: "xin ngi ct gim vt ny", th nn ngn "khng nn". Nu h bt bnh ling vt y ri b i, gi l vic bn ca T-khu, T-khu nn lm ct. Th mc, hoc ngi ca nh nc lm vic trong cha h gi vt chi hoc gi ch , xin ct gi dm cho, cng chng nn v mt, s st, nn ch ch ct cng c. Du pha trong cha hoc pha trong ch hoc trong ni m h nghi, c l T-khu hay Sa-di lm ly vt ri rt trong ch nh th, nn t mnh hoc bo k khc lm ly ri lm du ct v nn ni: "Vt ca ngi no ngi y hy vo ly i". Nu ngi vo n, nn hi ngi y rng "vt ca ngi lm mt y nh th no" Nu h ni trng nn cho h, ni khng trng nn p "Ngi hy vo kim i". Nu T-khu i khi ni y, nn gi cho v khc ng gi, nu khng c v nh th, nn gi cho v c s ng tin cy, ri ra i c. T-khu khng i khi cha v khng thy ch li kim, nn ly vt y dng vo ch hoc thp, hoc ao sen, l vt bn chc. Nu qu lu ngy m ch li n, nn ch r vt bn chc y, ri ni "Ngi nn hoan h i". Nu ch khng vui lng, mun i li nn cho ngi khc ly vt bn chc y lm ca h, ri hn vt m h lm ri trong cha hoc trong ch ca mnh y li cho h. Nu khng lm ct, phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Vt ri trong ch m c Pht cho php lm, T-khu lm ct vt c th ct c, lm vt y v s cn thit, hoc l vt lm, hoc lm ly cho l vt b, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny phm ti v dy ngi khc (snattika) c 4 chi: - Khng c c m c Pht cho php (anunntakranam). - Vt ca ngi khc (parasantakat). - Khng phi lm ly v cho l vt b v mn (visssagnakaplukulasannnam abhvo). - T mnh lm hoc bo k khc lm (uggahanamv uggahpanamv). u c 4 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc lm mai dong (sancaritta sikkhpada).

3) i vo xm si gi (viklegmappavesana). T-khu khng cho v khc trong bn hay m i vo xm si gi th phm ng i tr, tr ra c vic gp, nht l c rn m T-khu trong bn. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s i vo xm si gi ni chuyn v ch lm cho thin h ch trch. Ch gii: Ra i vo xm bc u, phm Tc c. qua bc th nh, phm ng i tr. n trong nh thin tn hoc trong nh n ri mun i vo xm, nu c T-khu ngi bn tri hoc bn mt cng phi t gi c nn ngh rng "khng c " ri i. Khi i ra n ng du thy T-khu khc cng phi t gi bng li ny "Ti xin t gi i vo xm trong lc si gi (vikalegmappavesanam pucchmi)". Trong lc si gi th phm ng i tr, trong gi tng l si gi th phm Tc c. Th thc khng phm ti: Bit l bui sm c vic gp, hoc c t gi v khc ri i, khng c vic no khc ri i hoc i n cha m phi qua sm, hoc i n ch ng ca T-khu ni, i n ch ngi tu ngoi o hoc c tai hi, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 3 chi: - Khng t gi T-khu trong bn (santambhikkhuni anpucch). - Khng c c m c Pht cho php (anunntakranam). - i vo xm si gi (viklegmappanesanam). u c 3 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc l dng y ln th nht (pathamakathina), ch khc nhau iu hc ny phm ti v lm v khng lm (kiria kiriya). 4) Lm ng ng kim (suceghana). T-khu lm ng ng kim bng xng, hoc bng ng, bng sng, phm ng i tr.

Phi ph b ng ng kim y ri sm hi ri mi ht ti. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti tnh x Nigrodha gn thnh Kapilavatthu, x "Thch Ca", do ch s xin rt nhiu ng ng kim bng ng, th ch khng rnh lm vic nui sanh mng v v con, lm cho thin h ch trch. Th thc khng phm ti: Lm ng ng thuc nh mt, cn dao, ng lc nc v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny khng phm ti v dy ngi khc (annattika) c 3 chi: - ng ng kim (scigharat); - Lm, nht l bng xng (atthima adit); - T mnh lm hoc bo k khc lm cho mnh lm c (attano attha karanam v krpetv v patilbho). u c 3 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc lm mai dong (sancaritta sikkhpada). 5) Lm ging(manca). T-khu lm ging hoc bn nh thp di, nn lm chn cao hn ht l chng 8 ngn tay ca c Pht (ngn tay ca Pht bng 3 ngn tay ca ngi bc trung) -- k t d di ging tr xung, nu lm qu mc thc, phm ng i tr. Phi ct b cho bng hn nh ri sm hi, mi ht ti (iu hc ny gi l "chedanaka" nh th cng c). iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi), do T-khu Upananda lm ging cao qu hn nh. Th thc khng phm ti: Bo h lm cho va hn nh hoc cao qu gii hn ri dy h ct b cho va v T-khu in u khng phm ti. C hai chi:

- Ging hoc bn nh di cao qu gii hn(pamntikkantani ancapithat); - T mnh lm hoc bo k khc lm cho mnh, lmc (attano attyakaranam vkrpetvv patilbho); u c 2 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. Ch sanh ti (samutthna) ngoi ra, nh trong iu hc lm ng ng kim(scighara sikkhapada). 6) Lm ging c dn gn(tulonaddha). T-khu lm ging hoc bn nh thp di c dn gn hoc dn bng, phm ng i tr. Phi ph b ri sm hi mi ht ti. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi),do phe Lc s lm ging c dn bng lm cho thin h ch trch. Th thc khng phm ti: Trong cc trang sc, dy nch lng, o bt, vi lc nc, gi c dn bng khng ti. iu hc ny phm ti v dy ngi khc (snattika) c 2 chi: - Ging hoc bn nh thp di c dn gn (tulonaddhamancapithat). - T mnh lm hoc bo k khc lm cho mnh, lm c (attano atthyakaranam vkrdetv v patilbho). u c 2 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr. 7) Lm ta c (nisdana). T-khu lm ta c ngi, nn lm theo hn nh l b di 2 gang, b ngang mt gang ri, b 1 gang ca c Pht, nu lm qu hn nh phm ng i tr. Phi ct b cho bng mc thc ri sm hi mi ht ti. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s lm to c qu hn nh.

Th thc khng phm ti: Lm cho va theo hn nh hoc nh hn ngi khc lm cho, qu hn nh ri ct b ra cho bng v T-khu in u khng phm ti . C 2 chi: - To c qu hn nh(nisdanassapamntikknatat). - T mnh lm hoc bo k khc lm, lm c (attano atthya karanam v karpetv patilbho); u c 2 chi y mi phm ti ng i tr . Ch sanh ti (samutthna) nh trong iu hc trn. 8) Vi rt gh (gandappaticchdi). T-khu lm vi rt gh, nn lm cho ng theo hn nh l b di bn gang, b ngang 2 gang ca c Pht. Nu lm qu hn nh phm ng i tr . Phi ct b cho bng hn nh ri sm hi mi ht ti. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi),do phe Lc s lm vi rt gh qu gii. 9) Lm y tm ma (vassikastik). T-khu lm y tm ma, nn lm theo hn nh l: b di 6 gang, b ngang 2 gang ca c Pht. Nu lm qu gii phm ng i tr . Phi ct b cho ng theo lut nh, ri sm hi mi ht ti. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s lm y tm ma qu gii. 10) Lm c-sa ln (nanda). T-khu lm ca-sa di, ln bng c sa ca Pht th phm ng i tr. Ca-sa ca Pht c b di 9 gang, b ngang 6 gang ca c Th Tn. Phi lm theo lut nh l ct cho vn, cho nh hn ca-sa ca Pht, ri sm hi mi ht ti.

iu hc ny gi l Nandatthera cng c. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do T-khu Nanda (em ca Pht) c tng mo rt p (b cao thp hn c Pht 4 ngn), mc ca-sa ln bng ca-sa ca Pht, xa i li, ch T-khu tng l c Thin nhn s, bn sa son ng dy tip nghinh, r li khng phi l c Pht, nn ch trch. --- o0o --VI. BN IU HC NG PHT L (Patidesaniya)

Patidesaniya ngha l ti m T-khu phi sm hi bng cch khc (c gii trong chng sau). 1) T tay mnh th lnh (hatthatopatiggahana). T-khu t tay mnh th lnh vt thc ni tay T-khu ni khng phi b con, phm ng pht l. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do 1 T-khu th vt thc ni tay T-khu ni i bt dng cho n 4 ngy, lm cho T-khu ni y phi nhn i, mnh gy sc yu. 2) ng n trong ch h thnh mi (kulesunimantit). T-khu ang n trong ch h thnh mi, nu c T-khu ni n dy th ch em vt ny, vt kia em n dng n T-khu y, v lng thng yu trng i T-khu, nn ui T-khu ni ra khi, nu khng ui phm ng pht l. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s c mi thnh n, c phe sau Tkhu ni n dy th ch dng vt ny, vt n n phe Lc s, lc s nh m n no. Cc v khc phi chu nhn. 3) Bc thnh m Tng ch nh (Sekkhasammata).

Bc thnh nhn no m Tng ch lnh nh l bc c c tin nhiu m ngho, nu T-khu khng bnh, khng c thnh m th vt thc ni y em v dng, phm ng pht l. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti Trc Lmtnh x (Velivana) gn thnh Vng x (Rjagaha) do ch s th lnh vt thc ni bc thnh nhn m ngho, lm cho nh y phi chu i kht. 4) Ch trong rng nguy him (arannikasensana). Ch trong rng l ni xa xm t nht l 1000 thc. T-khu ng trong rng l ni nguy him c iu lo s, nu khng bnh m th lnh vt thc ca th ch cho tin trc rng "h s n dng vt thc trong ni y" v T-khu khng cho h hay c s nguy him trong ni y, t tay mnh th lnh em dng, phm ng pht l. iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti Nigrodha tnh x, gn thnh Ca t la v (Kapilavatthu) (dng thch ca), do ch s ng ni rng nguy him, c phe tn n vo trai Tng b bn trai hung c n ng cp ca v hm dm. Th thc khng phm ti: T-khu cho hay s nguy him y m tng l cha cho hay, hoc nghi, hoc tng c cho hay ri, c bnh, th lnh vt thc ca th ch dng n m mnh cho hay trc, hoc dng vt thc d ca T-khu bnh, hoc dng c, tri cy m mnh c th lnh ngoi cha, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. iu hc ny c 7 chi: - Ch ng trong rng nh ni (yacvutta rannika sensakat). - Vt thc khng phi pht sinh trong ni y (yvaklikassa attatthajtakat). - Khng c bnh (agilnat). - Vt thc khng phi ca d ca T-khu bnh (agilnvasesakat). - Khng cho hay (appatisam viditata - Th lnh trong cha (ajjhrme patiggahanam). - n vo (ajjhoharanam).

u c 7 chi y mi phm ti ng pht l. Ch sanh ti (samutthnavidhi) nh trong iu hc l dng y ln th nht (pathamakathina sikkhpada). Ch khc nhau l iu hc ny phm ti v lm l th lnh v v khng lm l khng cho hay trc (akiria). Nu phm 1 trong 4 ti ng pht l y nn sm hi nh vy:. - Ti phm php ng cho c Pht ch trch l phm ng pht l m ngi phm cn phi by t ngay, ti xin by t php y, cn li xin sm hi v li th tip theo nh li sm hi trong cc ti khc. Grayham Bhante / vuso dhammam pajjim asappyam patidesa nyam tam patidesemi. Nu nhiu v, c "pajjimh" th cho "pajjim", "patidesama" th cho "patidesemi". ---o0o--VII. BY MI LM (75) IU HC NG HC PHP (SEKKHIYAVATTA)

ng hc php l iu hc m T-khu, Sa-di phi hc v hnh. chia lm 4 phn. I. Mc y cho nghim trang, phn th, c 26 iu (srpa). II. Th thc cho t chnh, phn th nh, c 30 iu hc (bhojanapatisamyutta). III. Thuyt php cho ng php, phn th ba, c 16 iu hc (dhammadesanpatisamyutta). IV. Lm lt, phn th t c 3 iu (pakinnaka). ---o0o--I. MC Y CHO NGHIM TRANG - PHN TH NHT(SRUPA). C 26 iu hc:

1) T-khu nn lm nh vy: Ta phi mc, p y cho kn mnh (parimandalanivsana). iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s mc y ni pha trc v pha sau khng ng, lm cho thin h ch trch. Ch gii: Phi mc y ni pha trn cho kn rn, pha di t u gi xung 8 ngn tay nh th gi l mc kn mnh. Nu d ui, mc pha trc hoc pha sau x xung, phm Tc c. Nu phm 1 trong 75 iu "ng hc php" gi l phm Tc c c, khng c , qun khng bit c bnh, c iu ri ro, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. Khng c l: Tnh mc cho kn mnh thit m qun, ri mc khng kn nh th gi l: khng c khng phm ti . tm tng ni khc, ri mc khng kn nh th gi l qun, v "qun" nn khng phm ti. Khng bit mc o cho kn nh th, gi l khng bit, khng phm ti nh l thng, T-khu phi hc hi trc, nu khng hc hi trc, nh th gi l "d dui", cng khng khi phm Tc c. T-khu no, u gi ln, ng chn di, mc y phc xung khi 8 ngn tay cho kn cng nn. T-khu no c gh ni u gi hoc trong chn nh th gi l c bnh, mc y cao ln hoc thp xung cng nn. Th d rt hoc bn cp nh ui gi l: c iu ri ro. Trong khi ri ro nh th, khng phm. Cc nguyn nhn khng sanh ti nht l: khng c nh ni trn, cng k vo trong tt c iu hc "ng hc php" s gii ra pha sau, ni no c chi khc nhau s gii thm trong iu y. Trong tt c iu hc y, u khng phm ti v bo k khc lm (annattika). iu hc ny c 3 chi:

- Khng t cn thn (andasiyam); - Khng c nguyn nhn khng phm ti (anpattikaranbhvo); - Mc khng kn mnh (aparimandalam nivsanam). u c 3 chi y mi phm Tc c . Trong mi iu hc "ng hc php" u c 3 chi ging nhau nh trong iu hc ny. cho nn trong my iu hc sau, khng cn phi ni n phn chi phm ti na. Ch sanh ti s gii ra pha sau cui cng. Trong mi cu u ca "ng hc php" khng ni tn ti, ch c cu T-khu nn lm nh vy: "iu c iu hc" (sikkhkarany). Bit rng phm ti Tc c, v ting "khng cn thn" m lm th phm Tc c. Cho nn pha sau khng cn phi ni tn ti na, cng nn bit phm ti v khng cn thn. 2) T-khu nn lm nh vy: Ta nn p y cho kn mnh, mc y vai tri pha di t u gi xung khong 4 ngn tay, pha trn trm cho kn cnh ch tay tri (parimandala prpana). 3) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta nn trm y cho kn mnh khi i vo khong nh (supaticchannoantaragharegamana). 4) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta nn trm y cho kn mnh khi ngi trong khong nh (supaticchannoantaragharenisidana); Vo ng trong khong nh du ngi ri ra y, mc cho kn mnh (nh trong khi trong cha) trong lc ban ngy hoc ban m cng khng phm ti. Ting "vsupagatassa" trong kinh ch gii rng: "i vo ng, nhng khng nh ng m hay l ng ". C ch li ni "vsupagato" ngha l i vo ng m. 5) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta nn thu thc cho chnh ng l khng nn ma tay chn, khi i vo khong nh (susamvuto antaraghare gamana). 6) T-khu nn lm nh vy: Ta nn thu thc cho chnh ng l khng nn ma tay chn, khi ngi trong khong nh (susamvuto antaraghare nisdana).

7) T-khu nn lm nh vy: Ta nn ng xung l xem pha trc, xa 4 hc khi i vo khong nh (ngh ng trong ni no ri lic xem nga s ri ro tai hi: nh voi, nga, xe cng nn) (ukkhittacakkhuantaraghare gamana). 8) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta nn ng xung xa 4 hc khi ngi trong khong nh (ukkhittacakkhu antaraghare nisdana). 9) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng nn d y ln, khi i vo trong khong nh, du trong khi th thc cng khng nn d y ln (na ukkhittakya antaraghare nisdana). 10) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng nn d y ln, khi ngi trong khong nh (na ukkhittakya antaraghare nisdana). 11) T-khu nn lm nh vy: Ta khng ci ln ting khi i vo khong nh, du c bnh cng khng khi phm ti (na ujjhaggikya antaraghare gamana). 12) T-khu nn lm nh vy: Ta khng ci ln ting khi ngi trong khong nh. Nu c c nn ci, th, mm ci, khng phm ti (na ujjhaggikya antaraghare nisdana). 13) T-khu nn lm nh vy: Ta nn ni nh nh khi i vo khong nh (appasaddho antaraghare gamana). 14) T-khu nn lm nh vy: Ta nn ni nh nh khi ngi trong khong nh (appasaddho antaraghare nisdana). ni nh nh l nh nh b di 12 hc, i c (s c) ngi u, v th nh ngi gia, v th ba ngi sau cht. nu v c ni vi v th nh, v ny cha nghe r, cn v th ba ch nghe ting m khng phn bit c li l chi ca 2 v ngi trc, nh th gi l ni nh nh. Cn ni ln ting l ting ni nghe n v th ba phn bit c s l, nh th gi l li ni ln. Trong kinh Ch gii ni: phn bit ting nh, ting ln l ting ni thng khng nh khng ln nhng c ngi c ting ln, c ngi c ting nh. Vy nn ni ting thng lm mu. 15) T-khu nn lm nh vy: Ta khng un mnh khi i vo khong nh (nakyappaclakam antaragha renisdana).

16) T-khu nn lm nh vy: Ta khng un mnh khi khi ngi trong khong nh (nakyappaclakam antaragha renisdana). 17) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng nn nh ng xa khi i vo khong nh (nabhuppalakaman antaragha gamana). 18) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng nn un vai khi ngi trong khong nh (nabhuppac lakaman antaragha renisdana). 19) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng nn lc u khi i vo khong nh (nasisappac lakaman antaragha gamana). 20) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng nn lc u khi ngi trong khong nh (nasisappac lakam antaragha renisdana). Nn ngi cho thn th, tay chn ngay thng, trong khi ngi trong khong nh. Trong 3 iu hc, ni v khi ngi y, nu vo ng m trong xm, du un mnh, lc u cng khng phm ti. 21) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng nn chng nnh khi i vo trong khong nh (nakhambhakato antaraghare gamana). 22) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng nn chng nnh khi ngi trong khong nh, vo ng m chng nnh khng phm ti (nakhambhakato antaragha renisdana). 23) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng nn trm u khi i vo trong khong nh (na ogunthito antaraghare gamana). 24) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng nn trm u khi ngi trong khong nh (na ogunthito antaraghare nisdana). 25) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng nn nhn gt khi i vo trong khong nh (na ukkutikya antaraghare gamana). 26) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng nn ngi khoanh tay chong u gi khi ngi trong khong nh ( napallathikyan taraghare nisdana), vo ng m khng phm ti.

Trong c 26 iu ny, T-khu v d dui, c lm sai lut cm, phm Tc c. Khng c , qun, khng bit, c s tai hi v T-khu bnh, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. ---o0o--II. TH THC CHO CHNH T - PHN TH NH (Bhojanapatisamyutta). C 30 iu hc: 1) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta nn ch th lnh vt thc cho ng php, l khng lm nh th, ly em i b, v gin (sakkaccam pindapta patiggahana). 2) T-khu nn lm nh vy: khi th thc ta ch nn ng trong bt (pattasanni pindapta patiggahana). 3) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta ch nn th lnh canh va vi cm (samaspaka pindapta patiggahana). 4) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta ch nn th lnh vt thc va ming bt (samatittika pindapta patiggahana), du th lnh vt ajmaklika, sattkaklika hoc yvajvika y trn bt cng nn. nu th lnh 2 bt nn th trc 1 bt ri vo ni khc gi v cha, ri th thm na, hoc ma rc, cht ra tng on, hoc tri cy m h gi li ln bt, nh th ni l vun bt cng khng ng, cho nn th lnh cng nn. Trong iu ny, du T-khu au th lnh vt thc, vung trn bt cng khng khi ti. 5) T-khu nn lm nh vy: Ta nn n cho chnh t (sakkaccam pindapta bhunjana). 6) T-khu nn lm nh vy: khi n ta ch nn ng trong bt (pattasanni pindapta bhunjana).

7) T-khu nn lm nh vy: Ta phi n vt thc cho u, l khng n su gia bt, hoc n vun ln (sapadna pindapta bhunjana). 8) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta ch dng canh cho va vi cm (samaspaka pindapta bhunjana). 9) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng nn a cm vun ln gia bt m n (nathpikato omaddit pindapta bhunjana). 10) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng nn a cm khut lp n, c mun c nhiu thm na, du T-khu bnh cng khng khi phm ti. Nu khng c mun c thm m a khut vt thc khng phm ti (naspamvbyanjanam vodane napaticchdana). 11) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng bnh khng xin vt thc n; xin ni b con hoc ni ngi c yu cu, hoc xin cho ngi khc khng phm ti (spamvbyanjanam vodanam v agilnno attano atthya vinnpetv bhunjana). 12) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng nn lic xem bt v khc, c tm li ngi, T-khu bnh cng khng khi phm ti. Lic xem c cho thm, hoc khng c tm li khng phm ti (na ujjhna sanniparesam pattaolokana). 13) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng lm vt cm cho ln qu bng trng ngng, gi l ln qu, nh bng trng g gi l nh qu, nh hn trng ngng, ln hn trng g th va (ntimahan takavalakarana). 14) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta lm vt cm cho trn khng di (parimandala lopakarana). 15) T-khu nn lm nh vy: khi vt cm cha n ming, ta khng h ming ch (na anhataka valemuhkadv ravivarana). 16) T-khu nn lm nh vy: trong khi n khng nht trn bn tay vo ming (nabhunjam nosabbam hatthammukhe pakkhipana).

17) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng ni chuyn khi vt thc cn trong ming (nasakavalena mukhenabaharana). 18) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng thy vt thc vo ming m n (napindukkhepakabhunjana). 19) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng cn vt cm m n (nakavalvaccedakabhunjana). 20) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng n n cm bn m nh kh n (n avagandakraka bhunjana). 21) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng bng ry tay trong khi n (ry rc c) (nahatthaniddhunaka bhunjana). 22) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng lm cho cm , ling, b rc, c cm khng phm ti (nasitthvakraka bhunjana). 23) T-khu nn lm nh vy: trong khi n ta khng le li ra khi ming (na jivchnicch raka bhunjana). 24) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng nn n v chp (nacapucapuk raka bhunjana). 25) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng dng vt thc nghe ting rt rt (nasurusuruk raka bhunjana). iu hc ny, c Pht cm ch ti Ghosita tnh x, gn thnh Kosambi, do 1 v T-khu nghe Tng th sa hp rt rt ri diu rng: c l Tng hp sa cho ngui chng? 26) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng n, lim tay (nahatthanilehaka bhunjana). 27) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng nn n lim bt v vt bt (napattanille haka bhunjana). 28) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng lim mi trong khi n (na otthanille napattanille haka bhunjana).

29) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng dng tay cn dnh vt thc, cm ng nc, tnh em ra tay hoc cho ngi khc ra, cm khng phm ti. (nasmi senahatthenap nyathlakapatiggahana). iu hc ny c Pht cm ch ti rng Bhesakal gn thnh sumsumratira, do ch T-khu tay cn dnh cm m cm ng nc b th ch ch trch. 30) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng nc ra bt cn ht cm, trong khong nh. Nn lm cm cho nt ri , hoc trong ng nh, ri em i hoc em ni khc, u khng phm ti (nsasittha kampattadhovanaman taragharechaddana). trong c 30 iu hc ny, T-khu no d dui, c , phm Tc c. Khng c , khng tr nh, khng bit mnh, c s hi, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. T-khu b bnh khng phm ti, tr ra trong 4 iu hc th vt thc y trn ming bt, mc n gia bt, a cmlp vt thc v lic xem bt Tkhu khc tm li ngi, du T-khu bnh cng khng khi phm ti. ---o0o--III. THUYT PHP CHO NG PHP PHN TH BA (dhammadesanpatisamyutta). C 16 iu hc: 1) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng ni php n ngi v bnh, c d trong tay. Ch gii: Nu ngi khc h che cho, hoc d trong mnh cho va rnh tay cng gi l ngi khng c d trong tay, ni php n ngi y cng nn (nachatta pnissagilnassadhammadesana). 2) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng ni php n ngi v bnh, c gy trong tay (nh trong iu hc trn) (nadanda pnissagilnassadhammadesana).

3) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng ni php n ngi v bnh, c vt bn (dao, gm) trong tay (nh trong iu hc trn) (nasattha pnissagilnassadhammadesana). 4) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng ni php n ngi v bnh, c cung tn, sng trong tay (vudha pnissagilnassadhammadesana). 5) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng ni php n ngi v bnh, c mang dp guc (napdukru dhassa gilnassadhammadesana). 6) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng ni php n ngi v bnh, c mang giy da (nauphanarullhassaa gilnassadhammadesana). 7) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng ni php n ngi v bnh, ngi trn xe, vng ... ngi trn xe vi nhau, ni php cng c. T-khu ngi trn xe cao, ngi nghe ngi xe thp hoc ngi trn xe bng nhau, T-khu ngi xe trc, ngi nghe ngi xe sau, u ni php c ht. Nhng ngi ngi xe sau, du cao hn m ni php n ngi ngi xe trc khng nn (naanaga tassa gilnassadhammadesana). 8) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng ni php n ngi v bnh, ngi hoc nm trn ging (nasayanaga tassa gilnassadhammadesana). T-khu nm ni cao ni php n ngi nmni thp cng nn, ngi nm ni php n ngi ng, hoc ngi ni n ngi ng, hoc ngi vi nhau, hoc ng ni vi ngi ng u c c. 9) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng ni php n ngi v bnh, ngi khoanh tay chong qua u gi (napallatthikyanisinnassa agilnassadhammadesana). 10) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng ni php n ngi v bnh, c bt khn (navetthitassassa agilnassadhammadesana). 11) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng ni php n ngi v bnh, i khn hoc nn (na ogunthitasisassa agilnassadhammadesana).

12) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng ni php n ngi v bnh, ngi trn chiu m (nachamyamnisditv sane nisinnassa agilnassadhammadesana). 13) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng ngi trn ch thp ni php n ngi v bnh ngi ni cao (nanice sanenisditv uce sanenisinnassa agilnassadhammadesana). 14) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng ng ni php n ngi v bnh ngi (nathito nisinnassa agilnassadhammadesana). Trong kinh Ch gii c ni, dy T-khu tr n ch T-khu cao h, ri T-khu tr y ng, v trng ngi hi o, T-khu tr khng nn p. Nu T-khu tr khng c th bo v trng lo ng dy mi nn hi,khng dm ni, v tn knh v trng lo, nn ngh rng; ta ni php n T-khu tr ng gn bn, ri ni cng nn. 15) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng i pha sau ni php n ngi v bnh i pha trc (napacchato gacchanto purato gacchantassa agilnassadhammadesana). kinh Ch gii c ni, nu ngi i trc ni o khng nn p, nn ngh rng: ta ni php nngi i pha sau, nh th ri ni. 16) T-khu nn lm nh vy: Ta khng i ngoi ng, ni php n ngi v bnh i trong ng (na upathena gacchanto pathena gacchantassa agilnassadhammadesana). nu mi ngi i 1 bn ng, ni php cng nn. Trong c 16 iu hc, T-khu d dui c phm Tc c .qun, khng bit mnh, c bnh, c iu hi,v T-khu in u khng phm ti. ---o0o--IV. LM LT, PHN TH T (Pankinnaka). C 3 iu hc:

1) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng bnh, khng ng tiu hoc i tin. Trong khi mc i tiu tin gp rt khng phm ti. (nathito agilno uccram vpassvamvkarana). 2) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng bnh, khng i hoc tiu tin, khc nh, h mi trn ch xanh nht l cy c ti, du r cy cn sng cng u gi l xanh c (naharite agilno uccram vpassvamvkarana). Ln ngi trn nhnh cy i tiu tin rt xun ch khng c vt xanh cng nn. i tiu ch khng c vt xanh, du i tiu tin n gp rt cng gi nh ngi c bnh, khng ti. Nu tm khng kp ni khng c vt xanh, nn kim vt chi lt. i tiu tin c chy nhm vt xanh cng v ti. 3) T-khu nn lm nh vy: ta khng bnh khng i hoc tiu tin, khc nh, h mi trong nc (na udake agilno uccram vpassvamvkarana). Nc dng c, nc khng dng c khng phm ti. Nc ngp khng c g t, i tiu tin trong nc y khng ti. i tiu tin trnkh chy xung nc khng phm ti. Trong c 3 iu hc y, T-khu d dui c phm Tc c. Khng c , khng c tr nh, khng bit mnh c bnh, c s ri ro, v T-khu in u khng phm ti. *** Trong c 75 iu ng hc php (tr ra iu 25, 29, 30 trong phn th thc t chnh), c Pht cm ch ti K vin tnh x (Vihra Jetavana) gn thnh X V (Svatthi) do phe Lc s lm quy. 2 iu hc ci ln, 2 iu hc ni ln ting, 1 iu hc ni chuyn cn vt thc trong ming thnh 5 iu hc. 1) Ngi st t ni php n ngi trn chiu m. 2) Ngi ni thp ni php n ngi ngi ni cao. 3) ng ni php n ngi ngi. 4) i ngoi ng ni php n ngi i trong ng 5) i sau ni php n ngi i trc

5 iu hc ny vi 5 iu trn thnh 10 iu hc. 10 iu hc ny thuc v samanubhsanasamutthna l ti sanh do thn khu , phm ti v lm (kiria) khi phm ti v tng (sannvimokkha) phm ti v c (sacittaka), phm ti v i (lokavajja) thn nghip (kyakamma), khu nghip (vacikamma), c tm (akusalacitta), th kh (dukkhavedana). Ni php n ngi v bnh, c d trong tay, c gy trong tay, c vt bn (dao, gm) trong tay, c cung tn trong tay, mang guc, dp, mang giy da n ngi i trn xe, ngi nm, n ngi ngi khoanh tay chong qua u gi, ngi bch khn, ngi i khn. 11 iu hc y thuc v dhamma desanasamutthna l ti sanh do khu (kiriy, kiriy, sannvimokkh, sacittaka, lokavajja, vacikamma, akusalacetta, dukkhavedan. Cn li 53 iu hc ch sanh ti (sanutthna) nh trong iu hc Bt cng tr th nht (pathamaprjika sikkhpada). Li na, ng hc php khng c nht nh l ch by nhiu, m khng nht nh y l cch thc T-khu nn hc v hnh chng phi c by nhiu u, du l php hnh c Pht ch nh trong phn hnh (vattakhanidha) cng gi l ng hc php, v l php hnh T-khu nn hc v hnh theo. ---o0o--VIII. DIT TRANH (ADHIKARANA SAMATHA)

Duyn c tranh bin (Adhikarana) c 4: 1) Tranh bin iu phi tri(vivadadhikarana) l ni rng: ci ny l php l lut, ci ny khng phi l php,khng phi l lut;. 2) Bt ti nhau (anevddhikarana) l buc ti nhau v phm ti ny ti kia; 3) Phm cc ti (apattdhikarana); 4) Vic m Tng nn lm (kiccdhikarana). Dit Tranh c 7 php: 1) S dt trong 4 iu tranh bin trong ni gia Tng, gia Php, gia Lut l dt iu ci l do theo Php, do theo Lut, ng theo li ca c Pht cm

ch v chun hnh (budhappannatti, budhnunnatti) trc mt ngi l tin co v b co hoc T-khu th nhn ti (sammukhvinaya); [Dit tranh: Dt iu tranh bin (gii ho); Cm ch: l cm ngn; Chun hnh: l cho thi hnh] 2) S m Tng tng tuyn b ch tn A la hn l bc c tr nh ri, khng k no buc ti chi c c(sativinaya); 3) S m tng tng tuyn b ch tn T-khu in ht in ri; khng cho k no co ti m T-khu y phm trong khi cn in (amulhavinaya); 4) S nh ti theo li th nhn m ngi khai thit (patinnatakarana); 5) S phn on, ly theo li khai ca phn ng ngi c o c (yebhuyyasik); 6) S m lut nh n ngi phm ti (tassappiyasika); 7) S gii ha cho nhau c hai bn khng cn x on vic trc (tinavatthraka).

--- o0o ---

NHNG IU HC NGOI GII BN TRNG TI (Thullaccaya)

Thullaccaya dch l "Trng ti" hay l ti xu, ngha l: ti trng hay ti xu hn cc ti khc (ngoi ti Bt cng tr v Tng tn). Gii v Trng ti c hai iu: 1) T-khu khng b. 2) Khng nn chia ti sn trng ca tng, nu b hoc chia, phm Trng ti,v Pht c cm rng: ti sn trng c 5 phn:

Phn th nht: 1) rmo: vn, tri cy, bng cy. 2) Armvatthu: t vn Phn th nh: 3) Vihro: tht, nh. 4) Vihravatthu: t cha, tht Phn th ba: 5) manco: vn. 6) pitham: bn nh thp di. 7) bhisi: nm. 8) bimbohanam: gi. Phn th t (cc vt trong phn ny u lm bng kim loi): 9) lohakimbhi: ni. 10) lohabhnakam: cn 11) lohavrako: thng ln 12) lohakajham: chu 13) vsi: dao nh 14) pharasu: ba 15) kuthri: ru 16) kuddro: xung 17) nikhdanam: v Phn th nm: 18) vali: dy 19) velu: tre (di 8 ngn tay ngn tay tr ln). 20) munjam: c ng 21) pabbajjan: c nn n 22) tinam: cc th c che lp (t 1 b tr ln). 23) mattika: t st 24) drubhandam: vt dng lm bng cy 25) mattikbhandam: vt dng lm bng t.

Tt c 25 mn y, mn no th ch dng n "Gio hi", hoc pht sanh trong "Gio hi" u gi l ti sn trng ca "tng gi" (garubhanda) ngha l: Tng gi hoc nhm (2,3 T-khu) hoc 1 T-khu nn khng b, khng nn chia, du b du chia cng khng gi l b, l chia ca y cng cn l ca "tng gi" nh c. T-khu no,v chp mnh lm ln, b hoc chia ca "tng gi" nh th phm Trng ti (thullaccaya). Nu c b, hoc chia, cho lut s trng pht theo gi ca vt. Nu lm sanh s li ch n "tng gi", em i vt bn chc, theo php, hoc vt cao gi hn, hoc dng vt thp hn i ly go n, hoc tu b cha, tht... trong cn i cng nn. Tt c ti sn trng ca "tng gi" mt mn no chng hn, T-khu ly dng ring cho mnh, nn kim vt khc bng gi, hoc cao gi hn em th li mi nn; ni bt tch bnh tr, ... bng kim loi; a, thuc nh mt ... ng kho, cha kho vt bng kim loi; hoc bng cy ang lm, nn chia c, dy, tre ... em lm vic cho"Tng gi". Hoc cho thp th, ri cn d, em dng lm vic cho T-khu cng nn. y ch gii vn tt, nu mun hc cho rng, tm thm trong phm Catutthasmantapsdik. Li na khng nn cho ai m trong ch kn, hoc m gn ch kn cch chng li 2 ngn, nu thoa thuc khng cm. iu hc ny phm v c (sacittaka). Khng nn la th, khng nn mc y lm bng l tranh, bng v cy, bng tc ngi, bng lng ui ca th, bng lng cnh chim, da cp, y lm bng v gai. Khng nn lm dng chm vo ch kn th ci. Khng gp lm l Pht l (Uposatha) hoc T t (Pavran) v c cho Tkhu khc khng lm c. T-khu no phm cc iu trn y gi l phm Trng ti (thullaccaya.). ---o0o--TC C (Dukkata).

T-khu khng nn mc y phc nh k th. Khng nn mc y mu xanh, vng nht. Khng nn mc y may ng ch xui (khng c ct may ng ngang, ngha l khng c "iu"). Khng nn mc y c bng hoa thu tha, khng nn ch my y ni v y vai tri m i, vo xm, tr ra c duyn c mi c php y 2 lp li (y tng d l);. Khng nn mang dp i vo xm nu khng c bnh. Khng nn mang dp 2 lp, dp rm, guc, giy hm ch, giy thu, giy c nhiu mu (l c mu , en, sm, trng), da cp, da beo, da voi, da c nc. Khng nn thoa phn sc du, soi hnh trong kin v trong nc, nu v bnh. Khng nn eo vng c r. Khng nn cho ai ht tc ht ru, nh tc bc. Khng nn xem nhan sc ph n. Khng nn ly cy m k mnh trong khi tm. Khng nn u lng nhau m k, trong khi tm. Khng nn mng bt ln nhnh cy. Khng nn cha n n cn d trong bt. Khng nn ly bt cn c em ct. Khng nn ngi chung ngh hoc chung chiu cng ph n, hoc bn nam bn n, hoc k thy trai bin ra gi, thy gi bin ra trai (c c 2 b sanh trc kh).

Khng nn ngi chung ging chung gh cng T-khu tu lu hn 3 h. Khng nn nm ngi ch cao v rng, ch c lt nm gn, nm bng v ta c bng lng cu tt. Khng nn dng gi ln di qu na mnh. Khng nn ngi ch c tri lt trc, nu cha xem xt. Khng nn nm ch c treo bng hoa. Khng nn ngi ch ca v T-khu lu nm, thng hay ngi. Khng nn ly 10 hng ngi: 1. T-khu tu sau mnh. 2. Sa-di v k th. 3. T-khu tu lu nm hm m hnh si theo kinh lut. 4. Ph n. 5. Bn nam bn n. 6. T-khu phm php "Tng tn". 7. T-khu ng cho Gio hi pht li nh trc, v ang khi b pht m li phm thm php Tng tn. 8. T-khu ang sa mnh cho Gio hi giao thip li nh trc. 9. T-khu ang hnh pht sa li cho Gio hi giao thip li. 10. T-khu b hnh pht ri, m Gio hi ang chng cho nhp v Gio hi li. Khng nn ly lt tri ng ca T-khu no em dng ni khc. Khng nn bo T-khu no ng dy trong khi v y ang n. Khng nn ui T-khu no c bnh i ra khi ch m phi nn sn sc. Khng nn cm v khc ng u, nu v y c bnh cht t. Khng nn th lnh tht v c ti. Khng n tht m mnh bit hoc nghe hoc thy h git cho mnh n. Nu c 1 trong 5 hng ngi xut gia thy git th khng nn n.

Khng nn hc hoc dy k khc nhng vic ngoi o. Khng nn ni o trong ch ng ngi, nu c mt v T-khu trng lo m ngi cha thnh ni. Khng nn tng kinh ko di nh ging ht. Khng nn khng cho mn vi lc nc (nu c v khc mun mn). Khng nn lm cho ti vt ca th ch b th t phc (v s t mng). Khng nn em khut thc cho k th n trc mnh (tr ra cho cha, m vua, k cp, ngi sp vo tu). Khng nn lm thy thuc. Khng nn lm k i th. Khng nn b k th mong c li. Khng nn trng king. Khng nn nh n, thi kn, nh c. Khng nn ly cc, si thy m chi. Khng nn v c m leo cy. Khng nn t rng. Khng nn dng bt lm bng cy, thau, ng, nht l bt c mu xanh v en sm Khng nn ly cy di qu 8 ngn tay, hoc ct hn 4 ngn tay m ch rng. Khng nn r qun ngi xut gia lm iu v o. Khng nn nhum y bng nc ngh, nc cy dan, nc cy vng l.

Khng nn ng n hnh tng ph n, n trang, 7 th la, 10 th ngc thch, n, kn, trng, tri cn trn cy v kh gii, nht l ao, gm, sng. Khng nn cm ly nhng vt ng m th ch cha dng cng. T-khu i xa mi n, phi lt giy, sp d, v khng nn ngi gn trng thng. Khng nn cm v mi tu ngi phi ch. Khng nn lm cho nc vng y y cc v ngi gn. Khng nn ra v lt t, khi i kht thc. Khng nn ng xa hoc gn ngi dng cm lm. Khng nn lt t th lnh vt thc. Khng nn dm, ng mt ngi th ch. Khng nn qut, gi, p ch c ngi hoc gn cc v khc, hoc gn nc ung hay pha trn gi. Khng nn dy ai hc, hoc tng kinh, thuyt php m cha bch cng v trng thng trong lc chung. Khng nn nhm la, hoc tt la, ng hoc m ca s m khng bch cng v trng lo, tr ra ngi c cho php trc. Khng nn i ng nhm, hoc pht y trng nhm v trng lo. Khng nn i vo nh x m cn chp tn ti thng h. Khng nn i vo nh x lt t nu ca ng th phi g ca. Khng nn ci y ngoi nh x. Khng nn i tin, rn nghe ln ting. Khng nn i tin hoc tiu tin pha ngoi l x.

Khng nn nn khc nh, h mi ngoi l x. Khng nn dng cy c gai, cy mt m chi. Khng nn ra nghe ln ting. Khng nn nc d trong lon, nu nh x d qut ra cho sch. Khng nn i ra nh x lt t. Khng nn cha mc y m ra khi nh x. Khng nn i xem ht n kn. Khng nn mc y ni, thiu dy lng m i vo xm. Khng nn m ca m tay cn cm bt. Khng nn ng chung cng nhau trn ch c tri lt. Khng nn n ti, khng c mn chi trn chung. Khng nn i trn ch ngi, ch nm, nht l: i trn ging gh v ch p hoc c sn pht, nu chn cha ra hoc cn t, hoc cn mang giy. Khng nn da vch nh c t vi hoc sn pht v nh nc ming ni y. Khng nn tri ta c, trc khi nm trn ch ng sch s ca Gio hi. Khng nn tc di qu 2 ngn tay, hoc lu hn 2 thng mi co. Khng nn ru, lng mi, mng tay, mng chn di qu. Khng nn nh bng mng tay v mng chn. Khng nn n vt chi nu cha qun tng. Khng nn n tht voi, tht nga, tht ch, tht rn,, tht s t, tht beo, tht gu, tht ch rng, tht cp.

Cc T-khu no phm nhm nhng php k trn, gi l phm Tc c (dukkata). ---o0o--C KHU (Dubbhsita) T-khu khng nn mng chi lm cho ngi h thn. Khng nn chi vi v khc, hoc trong bn hay ni xin xo rng "My l vua, ngi l B la mn, chu l th, anh l bc thng minh, ngi l k trm cp". Ku danh hiu giu chi nh cch y, phm ti c khu (Dubbhsita) (mi ting mi ti). ---o0o---

CH GII 10 IU LM LC
Sau khi Pht dit 100 nm. 700 v i A la hn cu hi ln th nh, c i c Sabbakmithero lm ta ch gii quyt 10 lm lc sau ny: 1) MUN TRONG NG BNG SNG C PHP N (kappati singilonakappo) Lut dy rng: Trong cc mn c php n bui sng, nu T-khu th lnh ri dnh qua ngy khc emra n li, phm ng i tr . Cc T-khu x Vajjiputtaka li ni "mui dnh trong ng lm bng sng, nu qua ngy khc em ra n vi lt cng c khng phm. 2) X BNG 2 NGN TAY CN N C (kappatidvangulakappo) Lut dy rng: Trong cc mn bui mai, nu x bng m T-khu em ra n, phm ng i tr .

Cc T-khu x Vajjiputtaka li ni "Nu chnh x qua 2 ngn tay cng cn n c khng phm". 3) I VO XM CN N C (kappatigmantarakappo) Lut dy rng: Nu T-khu n ri, i khi ni y m cn n na, phm ng i tr . Cc T-khu x Vajjiputtaka li ni "Ta i vo trong xm, n na cng c, khng phm". 4) CHUNG CH LM PHP "SM HI" (kappati ssa kappo) Lut dy rng: Ch thuc v Gio hi, T-khu khng nn lm php "sm hi" ring (lm l Uposatha), nu lm th phm Tc c. Php sm hi y cng khng kt qu chi. Cc T-khu x Vajjiputtaka li ni "Lm nh th cng c, khng phm". 5) LM PHP SM HI THEO MNH CNG C (kappati anuma tikappo) Lut dy rng: T-khu lm php sm hi (lm l Uposatha) phi hip nhau ni ch ca Gio hi hnh o vo ngi u mt nhau, nu c v no au phi cho hay ri mi nn hnh. Bng chng tun theo y gi l hnh theo phe ng, phm Tc c. Cc T-khu x Vajjiputtaka li ni "Khng cn phi hip chung cng nhau nh th. Ai n trc sm hi ln ln cng c, khng phm". 6) LM THEO THI QUEN CNG C (kappati cinna kappo)

kinh lut dy phn minh ch cho bit: sao l trt, sao l trng. Nhng vic hnh ng theo ring ng thy ca mnh, nu ng theo kinh lut th nn hnh theo, bng khng ng trn chng nn nghe. Cc T-khu x Vajjiputtaka li ni "Tr lm theo thi quen ca ng thy cng c, khng phm." 7) SA TI CHUA THIT CHUA DNG CNG C (kappati amathitakappo) sa ti lu 1 lt chng cn cht sa nh hi mi nn ra, nh ng cha n ni chua. lut dy rng: T-khu ngn thc ri, i khi ni y m cn dng sa nh vy th phm ng i tr . Cc T-khu x Vajjiputtaka li ni "Dng c, khng phm". 8) RU MI, CHA THIT MNH UNG CNG C (kappati jalogimptum) lut dy rng: ru mi b men vo, chua thnh ru thit, nu T-khu ung th ng i tr . Cc T-khu x Vajjiputtaka li ni "Ru y T-khu ung cng c, khng phm". 9) TA C KHNG C BA DNG CNG C (kappati adasakam nisdana) lut dy rng: T-khu lm ta c, phi lm cho c ba, bng khng, phm ng i tr . Cc T-khu x Vajjiputtaka li ni "Khng cn lm cho c ba dng cng c, khng phm".

10) CM XC VNG BC CNG C (kappati jtarparajatam) lut dy rng:T-khu khng nn th lnh hoc cm xc n vng bc, nu th lnh, hoc cm xc, th phm ng i tr . lut cho php T-khu cm xc n 4 mn vt dng: o ca-sa, vt thc, ch , thuc nga bnh, nhng cm cm xc n vng bc. Cc T-khu x Vajjiputtaka li ni "T-khu th lnh hoc cm xc n vng bc cng khng phm". *** Cc T-khu x Vajjiputtaka khi ni 10 iu lm lc ny gi no l Pht php suy i gi ny, lm cho xc ng n tt c ch v A la hn. cc ngi hi hip li chnh n Pht php v quyt rng 10 ca cc T-khu x Vajjiputtaka ni trn l t o, tri hn vi Pht php c im gii phn minh t lc y ri. Nhng ngi xut gia tu Pht, chng nn hnh theo ca cc T-khu x Vajjiputtaka ni trn. ---o0o---

14 PHP HNH (VATTA 14)

1) NHNG VIC CA T-KHU XA MI N PHI HNH (gantukavatta) T-khu ni khc mi n,mun vo cha phi lm nh sau y: Nu c mang giy phi ci ra v xch i. Nu che d th sp xung. Nu i khn th ly xung v ci y trm mnh ra (mc va vai mc) ri mi i chm chm vo cha, thy cc T-khu nhm ni no phi i ngay vo ni y, bt xung v ngi ch mnh nn ngi, hi thm nc ung, nc tm. Nu cn dng nc ung, nc ra th c php dng. Phi ra chn,

mt tay xi, mt tay ra: hi gi chi chm m chi, ly gi kh chi trc gi c chi sau, ri em i phi. Nu thy tu lu nm hn th mnh phi ly trc bng mnh cao h hn th v kia phi lm l mnh trc. Hi thm ch , ch i khut thc cho gn hay xa, i sm hay l i tra, ch no khng nn i (l nh khng tin Pht php v quen cho c 1 v cm hoc mt hoc 2 v xin). Hi cho bit c v no c thnh, m cn th c Gio hi nhn. Hi thm nh x. hi thm ch m Gio hi dy phi vo phi ra, cho bit gi v, ra ng nga th d ngi c. Nu tht ct trt b trng, th phi g ca ch 1 chp , ri x ca xem xt khp ni, ri mi nn bc vo, e c s hi. Nu tht y c rc, bi tn gng, qut c th phi qut. Nu khng lm theo y th phm Tc c. ---o0o--2) NHNG VIC T-KHU CHA PHI HNH (vsikavatta) T-khu cha phi lo cho c nc ung, nc tm, vn lt, gi chi chn sn cho cc v phng xa n dng. Nu T-khu xa mi n, tu lu nm hn mnh, mnh phi i rc y bt, lt ch ngi v ch ch va cho ngi ngh, mnh phi ly trc. Nu v xa tu t h hn, th bo v y xung theo ch, v y phi lm l mnh trc. Mnh phi ch ch no nn i, ch no l nh v c thnh qu m Gio hi nhn, ch nh x v ni nh Gio hi dy i v ra c gi nh. Nu v xa cao h hn du mnh c bn vic may y hay ang lm vic g khc phi dp li , du ang khi qut hoc ra thp cng vy. Nu v xa bit iu, nn cho mnh lm vic cng tt. ang khi lm thuc cho Tkhu bnh nu bnh y va va th m i tip rc. Nu bnh nng th lo thuc trc . Nu v xa bit iu, nn cho mnh lo thuc. Nu dng

nc 1 ln v xa ung ht phi em thm. Nu qut nn qut di chn 1 ln. Nu v xa dy thi qut th qut tr xung, nu n 3 ln th qut xung. Nhnng li trn y l dy phn mnh phi vi v cao h hn. Nu tu t nm hn, nn ch nc ung, nc tm, ch no, by nhiu cng c. ---o0o--3) NHNG VIC CA T-KHU RA I NG PHI HNH (gamikavatta) T-khu c vic i xa khi cha, phi dp ct trong tht ca mnh, dp ging, gh ca Gio hi v ng ca tht v giao cho T-khu hoc Sa-di, hoc ngi chc vic trong cha, hay th ch no cng c. Nu khng c ai th ly 4 cc lm du, k chn ging, chng gh ln chiu, gi, chng ln gh, cy, vn cht li cho c ch, ng ca s ht ri mi nn i. Nu tht y dt th lp dm li, nu dm khng c, phi ly (chiu, gi, mn, ging) ln trn 4 cc xa vch, ch khng dt. Nu tht dt gn ht phi em cc mn y gi trong xm. Nu khng cn em gi phi k ging ln trn 4 cc chnh gia tht, gi, chiu, m ln trn nh trc v ly c, l cy, y ln, ri mi nn ra i. y l ni tht lp bng l. ---o0o--4) NHNG VIC CA T-KHU TRONG NH N PHI HNH (anumodanavatta) c Pht cho php T-khu c kinh trong nh n. V trng lo c kinh trc, cc v ngi k ch tip, ri n my v sau c tip na, hoc v c dy v nh c cng c, my v ngi k ch. v c cng my v khc i ra trc cng c (khng cnphi ngi ch). Nu v c bo, thi chng ta i, ngi li, v nh li bch: d ngi i i. Nu v nh khng tr li cc v ln tnh ra ch bn ngoi cng c. Ra ngoi ri nn bo tr mnh, ch v kia c kinh ri , ni nh vy cng tt. Nu th

ch mi 1 v no c kinh theo h, v y c cng v li. Nu th ch thnh thuyt php, th nn bch cho v c hay trc. Mt na, cc v ngi ch y, mun i i tin hay tiu tin phi t gi v ngi gn mnh, ri mi nn i. ---o0o--5) NHNG VIC T-KHU CHU MI N PHI HNH(bhattaggavatta) Nu c th ch mi trai tng, T-khu mc y cho ng php, mang bt theo i thong th khng nn i trc v ln. Phi mc y cho kn gi theo 75 iu ng hc php, i ng cho t chnh, ngi cho nghim trang khng nn ngi khoanh tay,(khng nn ngi gn ng v c, ch ngi ngang nhau). Nu ch ngi rng ri, phi ngi cha cch 1, 2 ch ngi xa hn v c. Nu chiu cht hp,khng dm ngi gn,v c nn cho php ngi. Nu v c khng ni, nn bch rng: ch ngi y trng lm.Nu ni nh vy, m v c khng tr li, s ngi khng li, ch mt mnh v c li thi. Nu v nh khng bch m vn ngi l phm php. Khng nn ngi trn y 2 lp. Nu th ch dng nc ra bt, phi 2 tay b m th lnh nc theo php (nu tay khng dnh cm). Phi ra bt cho t t khng nn ng khua nghe ting. Nu c ng nh th vo cho m i bng khng th xung t cho d dt, s e vng nc trng nhm v khc. Khng nn th lnh cm y bt, dnh ch ng n . V c phi dy th ch nn em cm chia ra cho . Nu n va 1, 2 v th nn lm thinh. Khut thc ch phi nhn xem trong bt (lnh 2 phn n, 2 phn cm). Nu th ch chia vt thc cha cho cc v, v c cha nn n. y ni v nh n cht hp. Nu nh n rng ri va cho cc v ngi n, cc T-khu ngi 1 bn, th ch ngi 1 bn, phi n thong th, theo 75 iu ng hc php. Nu tay d, khng nn cm chm nc m ung. Nu cc T-khu n cha xong, v c khng nn lnh nc ra bt, n khi i ra khi nh n v nh phi ra trc (v ln ra sau) bi nh n cht hp. Khi ra khi ri, phi ng ch v c, phi theo

php, (ln trc, nh sau). Khng nn i gn nhau lm, i cha cch khong 1 ngi qua lt. Khng nn va i va chi. Phi gi theo 75 iu ng hc php cho n khi v ti cha. ---o0o--6) NHNG VIC CA T-KHU I KHUT THC PHI HNH (pindacrikavatta) T-khu lc ra i khut thc phi mc y cho ng, theo php nh ni trn, ly bt mang vo xm, i chm ri, trm mnh cho kn, gi theo 75 iu ng hc php, i ngay hng. Khi n xm phi ngh rng: "Mnh i vo pha ny, ra pha ny". Khng nn i v, ra lt t, khng nn ng xa hoc gn th ch lm. Khng nn quay mnh lt t, xem ch nh th th cm hay khng. Nu h thi lm vic v ng dy, bng thau cm, hoc mi th hiu rng h chu dng, nn ng ch. Nu h cm th phi dng tay tri y, tay mt b bt a ra v d np bt bng tay tri v b bt lun. Khng nn xem mt th ch, ch bit h chu dng cng khng. Nu h cm thau cm, hoc v cm, h mi mnh ng li th r h chu dng. Nu h bt ri th y bt li, b y xung quanh mnh i cho t chnh, gi theo 75 iu ng hc php. V no tr v cha trc phi tri lt nh n, lo ra chn, gi chi chn, ra chn dnh n, nc ung, nc ra cho sn. i khut thc tr v hip nhau ri n, b n d ni trng, hoc xung nc no khng c cn trng (s n cht). Qut nh n cho sch, v no thy nc ung, nc xi, hoc nc trong nh x khng c, nn gnh cho y, gnh 1 mnh khng ni, gi v khc tip vi. ---o0o--7) NHNG VIC CA T-KHU N TU TRONG RNG PHI HNH (rannikavatta) T-khu n tu ni rng phi thc cho sm, sa son mang bt vo xm, mang y vai tri, ng ca tht ri ra i. Gn n xm, nu c mang dp, phi lt ra g t cho t t, trm mnh cho kn theo php. n khi tr v, nu

ngoi xm khng c nc th n trong xm. Nu c nc ngoi xm, nn n ngoi xm, ri ra bt cho sch, mang bt v p y vai tri, mang dp vo m i (y ni trong rng vng v khng ai thy, nu i vo xm th khng nn). Mc nh vy, trong phi c lt m hi, ri tr v rng. Li na, T-khu trong rng phi xch nc ung, nc xi dnh nu khng c lu, ly ng tre m ng v phi nhm la dnh (nga khi hu s), c ng qut th khng cn, rng hoc i ng xa cng phi vy. Nu c bn, khng c la cng khng cn, ch c gy, phi bit xem phng hng (nga s lc ng). ---o0o--8) NHNG VIC CA T-KHU THT PHI HNH (sensanavatta) T-khu cha, tht, nu d phi qut. Khi qut phi ly y bt c ni v em ta c, chiu, nm, ging ra ngai cho t t. Nu trong tht c rc, vng nhn, phi qut tn trc, vch ca lm bng cy c sn pht, nn ra chi cho sch, rc cho c ni. Khng nn p qut bi bay gn tht v khc, gn nc ung, nc xi, khng nn gi p trn gi; m c ng mc phi phi cho ht ri em vo ch c. Gi chi chn cng phi em phi, phi chi gi ging, gh cho sch; chiu gi ta c cng vy. em y bt ct cho c ni, gi thi bi vo pha no ng ca pha y. Ma lnh tra phi m ca, ti phi ng; ma nng khi ng m ca cho mt. Sn nh n, nh bp c rc nhiu phi qut cho sch. Khng c nc ung nc si phi gnh cho c, nc ra nh x cng vy. Trong tht c T-khu ln tui, nu mun c kinh, ni kinh, hoc lm vic khc (tr ra m ca ci) phi bch vi v trng lo mi nn lm. Bch 1 ln m v c cho php, khng cn bch na cng c. ---o0o--9) CNG VIC PHI HNH NH BP (jantaghararavatta) T-khu no nhm la trong nh bp, nu c v trng lo cm khng cho cht ci nhiu m chng vng theo th phm Tc c. Khng nn ng ca nh bp v ngi ch, nu khng vng li th phm Tc c. V no n nh

bp trc thy tro nhiu phi ht . C rc phi qut cho sch. Thiu nc phi cho y ri mi nn vo nh bp. Khng nn ngi gn ng v trng lo; nu sing bp mnh cho ngi. i ra nn ly gh em ra, ng ca trc, sau ri mi nn i. Khng nn tm trc v trng lo v tm pha trn gi; khng nn i trc ngi, nh bp d phi qut ri tt la ri mi nn i ra. Pht cho php h mnh nu c bnh. ---o0o--10) CNG VIC PHI HNH TRONG NH X (vaccakutivatta) Pht dy T-khu, i i tiu tin m khng ra th phm Tc c. Nu c nc m khng c ch kn, th mc nc em n ch kn m ra. Khng c mc phi ly bt m mc. Khng c bt th mi gi l khng mc. Nu ni y trng tri lm th i kim ni kn khc. i ti trc m khng c nc, gn n gi khut thc nn kim cy m chi, ri i kht cng c. Li na T-khu vo nh x, khng nn cu chp tn ti, thng h, cu chp phm Tc c. Pht cho php ai n trc vo trc, n sau vo sau. i n nh x phi ln ting (tn hn hoc ho). Nu c ai trong phi tn hn tr li. Vo nh x phi mng y khut la tng ngoi. Khng nn i vo lt t. Khng nn ci y trc khi vo. Khng nn rn ln ting. Khng nn i tiu tin v xa rng. Khng nn i tin hay tiu tin ngoi l x. Khng nn khc nh, h mi ngoi l x. Khng nn dng cy nhn, cy mc, cy gai, cy c l m chi.

Khng nn b cy chi vo l x, chi ng dy mc y li khng nn i ra lt t. Khng nn cha mc y m i. Khng nn d nc li trong ng, nu c ung thuc x ginh nc trong ng th khng sao. Nh x d phi qut cho sch, c nc khng c mc, hoc c mc m khng c nc mi gi l khng c chi. Nu c gi ng cy chi th em i . Nh x hng ba, hoc sn nh x d, phi qut cho sch, phi gnh nc trong nh x. ---o0o--11) BN PHN TR I VI THY HO THNG (upajjhyavatta) T-khu hoc Sa-di phi gi cho trn b phn i vi ng thy ho thng. Sm mai thc dy, nu c mang dp lt ra v mc y cha vai tri, ly tm xa rng, nc ra mt dng cho thy, dn dp ch ng v ch ngi. C cho phi em cho thy dng: phi dng v dn dp n, phi th l theo php (khng nn khua chn bt) v dng nc ra. Thy mun i vo xm, phi ly y vai tri, y 2 lp v dy lng em dng. Thy mun cho tr i theo, tr phi mc y theo php v i theo sau. Khng nn i theo gn hoc xa lm, i va cho thy ku ni. Bt ca thy y cho hoc cm, phi i bt cho mnh. Thy ang ni chuyn khng nn ni xa vo. Thy ni gn phm li, phi nhc thy bng cch ny: "Bch thy! Ni vy c phm li chng?" Chng nn ci bng li v l. Lc tr v, tr phi v trc dn dp ch ngi, mc nc ra chn, kim cy k ra chn. Thy v n phi ra rc bt, ly y em cho thy i v em ra hong 1 lt ri xp ct; phi xp vn 1 lp, lp sau xp cho bng li (ba 1 bn, xp qua cha 4 ngn tay, ri xp lp sau cho bng nhau). Ly dy lng x vo y vai tri. Nu c cm m thy mun n, phi dng nc ri mi dng n v ngi xem chng, nga thiu thn. Thy n ri dn bt ct cho c ni khng nn ng khua. Ly nc ra chi cho kh, em phi 1 lt ng phi lu v em

y, bt ct cho t t. Thy i ra khi ri dn dp ch n. Thy mun tm, phi lo cho c sn nc. Thy mun tm nc lnh phi c nc lnh, nc nngphi c nc nng. Thy mun vo nh bp, em gh cho thy ngi, ly y ct cho c ni v i theo vo bp. Phi m bp cho thy. Lc thy tr ra cng phi lm y theo php (xem trong vic nh bp). Thy tm phi xi nc, k cho thy tm ri ly y dng ln, chi lau cho thy, dng y cho thy, ly gh em ct, xem chng nc ra chn,gi chi chn c sn. Nu mun hc ch Phn, phi bch thy cho, tht ca thy c rc, phi qut cho sch. Thy bun mun hon tc, phi khuyn thy i ch ny ch n cho thy gii bun hoc ni kinh cho thy nghe. Nu thy bt bnh phi khuyn ln thy, hoc kim T-khu khc khuyn dm cng c. Thy lm theo t kin phi thc tnh thy hoc cy cc T-khu khc khuyn dm. Thy phm li nng (Tng tn), b pht cm phng hoc phm li nh, phi lo tnh chng cho Gio hi ui thy. Tnh cho thy li, xin Gio hi pht ti nh. Nu Gio hi pht ri nn liu tnh cho thy hnh o cho mau c tn ho, ng cho Gio hi pht na. Y d th gic cho sch, nhum, gi, chi. Khi nhum phi tr qua, tr li cho u, phi phi xem chng, kh em ct. Mun em y bt hoc vt g cho 1 v no, hoc mun co tc cho ai, u phi bch cho thy hay trc. Khng nn th lnh y, bt hoc vt g ca ai m mnh cha bch cng thy hay bit. Khng nn theo 1 bn v no khc cng chng nn cho ai theo 1 bn mnh. Khng nn em n cho ai. Khng nn i theo ai nghch vi thy mnh. Mun vo xm phi bch vi thy, ri mi nn i. Khng i lu. i khut thc, phi bch vi thy, thy cho php mi nn i. Nhng vic ni trn y, thy cho php th vic chi cng c, bng khng cho, phi ni n n 3 ln, thy cho th i bng khng th thi. Li na, nu thy dt nt khng thng o l, tr mun hc ch Pali hoc php tham thin m thy khng bit, ch bit ngn cm, thy nh vy, du c cm n u, ci li cng c. Thy au phi nui cho trn i, khng nn b thy. Nu c v khc nui, phi i kim thuc cho v y, cha bnh cho thy. ---o0o--12) BN PHN CA THY HA THNG PHI CNG TR (saddhimvihrikavatta)

bn phn ca thy phi i vi tr l phi dy cho tr hc kinh lut, hc php thin nh. Phi thng khuyn ln nhc nh tr. Nu y, bt hoc cc vt dng no m thy c d phi chia cho tr. Phi gip cho tr mau c tn ho trn ng o c. Tr c bnh, thy phi ht lng chm nom, y nh lc tr chm sc cho thy vy. Tr ra khi i ra khi cha khng cn phi cho tr hay. ---o0o--13) BN PHN CA TR PHI CNG V A X L L THY NNG TA (cariyavatta) Tr phi lm cho trn bn phn cng thy m mnh nng ta, y theo cc m mnh cng ng thy ho thng vy. ---o0o--14) BN PHN CA V A X L CNG TR (Antevsikavatta) ng thy m mnh nng ta cng phi cng tr, nh ha thng i vi tr vy. Trong 14 php hnh k trn, nu v no khng tun theo, th phm iu Tc c (phm nhm 1 iu l 1 ti). --- o0o ---

UPOSATHA - B-TT
Uposatha, Tu dch l l Pht l, ngha l: khai ci ti sm hi. c Pht c dy "Nh Lai ch nh phi tng gii bn trong ngy Uposatha" (anujnmi bhikkhave Uposatha Ptimokkha addissilum). Ngy l Uposatha c 3 ngy l: 14 (ctuddas Uposatha) 23, ngy 15 (pannarsi Uposatha)24, v ngy Tng ho hp (samaggi Uposatha); Tng chia r nhau v s ci l nh ch T-khu trong x Kosambi, n k khng lm l Uposatha khng lm Pavran ri tr li ho ho nhau, nh gii ho trng ngy no, ngy y gi l ho hp (samaggi Uposatha) ri lm Uposatha trong ngy y.

Li na, ni v ngi hnh l Uposatha c 3: - Tng Uposatha l t 4 v T-khu tr ln hi hp tng gii bn. - Nhm (gana Uposatha) 2, 3 v T-khu t cho nhau bit s trong sch ca mnh. - Ngi (puggala Uposatha) l 1 v T-khu nguyn s trong sch ca mnh. Tng hnh l Uposatha phi tng tuyn ngn Suntu me bhante sangho... ri c gii bn. 2, 3 v T-khu hnh l Uposatha l khi n ngy l Uposatha l khi n ngy l nh c 3 T-khu hi hp nhau, T-khu thng hiu nn tng tuyn ngn: Suntu me bhante yasmanto ajjuposattho catuddaso / pannaraso yadyas mantnam pattakallam mayam annamannam risuddhi uposatham kareyyma. Ngha l:. xin cc ngi nghe ti trnh. Nay l ngy 14 / 15 ngy l ngy l Uposatha, nu s n k cho cc ngi ri, chng ta nn lm Prisuddhi Uposatha chung cng nhau. Ri v cao h mc y cha vai mc, ngi chm hm chp tay, c 3 bn t s trong sch ca mnh n cc v khc rng "Parisuddho aham vuso parisuddho ti mam dhrethi" ngha l: Ny cc ngi, ti l ngi trong sch, xin cc ngi nh rng, ti l ngi trong sch. V thp h c tip 3 bn, t s trong sch ca mnh "Parisuddho aham bhante parisuddho ti mam dhrethi" (ngha nh trn). Nu ch c 2 v, th v cao h c 3 bn "Parisuddho aham bhante parisuddho ti mam dhrehi". V thp h c tip 3 bn "Parisuddho aham bhante parisuddho ti mam dhretha".

t s trong sch ca mnh Parisuddhi vi T-khu c 2 cch, l t vi Tkhu hnh l Pavran ri v ni vi T-khu cha hnh l Pavran. T-khu nhp h sau (pacchimikvass: nhp h ngy 16 thng 6) nhng dt h, n ngy (parisuddhi) vi T-khu hnh l pavaran ri. rng: Parisuddho aham vuso / bhante Parisuddhotimam dhretha / dhrehi trong cc ngy khc, ngoi ngy Pavran, T-khu trong cha hnh l Uposatha dt ri, cha ng dy hoc i ra khi cha ri, c T-khu xa li, s T-khu khc bng nhau hoc t hn s T-khu trong cha, Tkhu phng xa y nn t s Parisuddhi vi T-khu trong cha hnh l Uposatha ri, nh c gii, nh th gil Parisuddhi Uposatha. adhithna Uposatha l, nu ch c 1 T-khu th nn lm pubba karana (qut tnh x, tri m, chiu, n, nc) ri ngi ch T-khu khc phng xa n, nu chc khng c v no n, nn adhitthna rng "Ajjame Uposatha" ngha l "Nay l ngy Uposatha ca ti". Trong kinh, Ch gii dy addhithna theo ngy rng: Ajja me Uposatha Catuddasati / Pannarasoti adhitthmi Nu n ngy Uposatha, ngy Pavran, T-khu khng hnh l Uposatha, khng hnh l Pavran, ra khi cha i n ni khng c cha, khng c T-khu hoc c T-khu m l ni khng ng ng, phm Tc c, tr ra chung vi Tng hoc c iu nguy him. S phi lm trc khi hi hp (pubbakarana) hnh l Uposatha, Pavran c 4: - Qut tnh x. - Nu ti phi t n. - D tr nc, nc ung, nc ra. - Lt tri chiu, m. T-khu tr, khng bnh, nu v trng lo dy bo m khng lm pubbakarana y phm Tc c. S phi lm trc khi tng gii bn c 5:

- em li (channa) ca T-khu bnh. - em parisuddhi Pavran ca T-khu bnh. - t thi tit, l ma ny, tn ny, ngy Uposatha trong ma ny qua ri c bao nhiu y, ngy Uposatha, ngy Uposatha cn li bao nhiu y. - s T-khu hi hp hnh l by nhiu y - dy bo T-khu ni. T-khu trong ranh cha c bnh hoc c i s n hi hp ti tnh x khng c, n ngy hnh l Uposatha phi cho Channa, cho Parisuddhi, n ngy Pavran phi cho Channa, cho Pavran n 1 v T-khu. cch cho Channa y hnh l Uposatha c thnh tu. Cho nn, s cho Parisuddhi, cho Pavran, cho Channa, nhng hin thi nu ranh tnh x nh, T-khu trong vng ranh,khng xa khi hc (hatthapsa) vi nhau, s em Channa, em Parisuddhi, em Pavran, cng khng cn lm, T-khu ni hin nay cng khng c, cho nn dy bo (ovda) T-khu ni cng khng cn. hnh l Uposatha pav ran phi c 4: 1) Phi l ngy Uposatha, ngy Pavran (ngy 14, 15, ngy Tng ho hp, 1 trong 3 ngy y). 2) T-khu nn hnh l sangha Uposatha, gana Uposatha v sangha Pavran, gana Pavran c. Cc T-khu y khng ngi xa khi hc (hatthapsa) cng nhau, khi hnh l trong ranh tnh x. 3) Khng phm ti ging nhau (sabhgpatti) (nh Tng khng dng vt thc si gi). 4) Vajjanya puggala [*] khng c trong hc Tng. [*] c 21 hng ngi : 1. Ngi th, 2. T-khu ni, 3. Tht xoa ma na (sikkhmana), 4. Sadi, 5. Sadi ni, 6. Ngi x gii hon tc, 7. T-khu m Tng cm khng cho chung v khng thy ti (antimavatthu), 8. Tkhu m Tng cm khng cho chung v khng chu sm hi, 9. Tkhu m Tng cm khng cho chung v khng b kin thc xu xa, 10. B np, 11. Ngi gi tu, 12. Ngi hnh theo ngoi o, 13. Th, 14. Phm atimavatthu, 15. Ngi git m, 16. Ngi git cha, 17. Ngi git A la hn, 18. Ngi dm T-khu ni, 19. Ngi chia r Tng, 20. Ngi chch mu Pht, 21. Ngi c 2 b sanh thc kh. Nu c 1 trong 21 hng ny trong hc Tng hnh s th phm ng i tr.

Uposatha Pavran u 4 chi y mi nn hnh, mi nn ni: Pattakallam c. Hnh l Uposatha c 4 cch: - theo phe m khng ng theo php - ng nhau m khng ng theo php - theo phe m ng theo php - ng nhau v ng theo php Trong 1 cha, c 4 T-khu, em channa, em parisuddhi ca 1 T-khu i, nhng 3 T-khu hnh parisuddhi Uposatha hoc cn 3 T-khu em channa parisuddhi, em channa parisuddhi ca 1 T-khu i nhng 2 v tng gii bn nh th gi l "theo phe m khng ng theo php" (adhammena vaggam). Nu 4 v hi hp nhau hnh Parisuddhi Uposatha hoc 2 v hoc 3 v c gii bn, nh th gi l "ng nhau m khng ng theo php" (adhammena saggam). Nu 4 v T-khu chung ch cng nhau hi hp tng gii bn, c 3 v hnh parisuddhi Uposatha hoc c 2 v t parisuddhi vi nhau nh th gi l "ng nhau v ng theo php" (dhammena samaggam), 3 cch trn l iu khng nn hnh, ch nn hnh theo th 4. Li na, T-khu tng gii bn, c lm cho Tng khng nghe c, phm Tc c. Khng c , khng ti. T-khu m v trng lo cha thnh, tung gii bn gia Tng, phm Tc c. Nu khng c 1 trong 10 iu nguy him m tng gii bn tm tt, phm Tc c. 10 iu nguy him l khi ch T-khu hi hp lm l Uposatha c:. - c vua n - Bn cp n. - La chy n. - Nc lt n. - Nhiu ngi n.

- Tinh, ma ph T-khu. - Th d n. - Rn m T-khu. - T-khu bnh hoc tch. - Ngi n nu ko hoc bt T-khu hon tc. Nu c 1 trong 10 iu nguy him y nn tng gii bn tm tt (l T-khu tuyn b tng ht iu hc Bt cng tr ... ). Nu khng c iu nguy him no, nn tng cho ht gii bn, khng hnh l Uposatha phm Tc c. Nu hnh l Uposatha ngoi ngy 14, 15 (ngy rm v 30 hoc 29 VN, nu thng thiu), ngy Tng ho hp, phm Tc c. c Pht c dy, tng ngy Uposatha, v trng lo phi hi trc - kinh Ch gii ni, nu v trng lo khng hi trc th phm Tc c. VASS - AN C Vass dch l H hoc Nhp h, ngha l ch v T-khu phi ngh trong 1 ni, khng c ra khi ch ng trc mt tri mc trong 3 thng ma (tr khi hu s). c Pht c dy "Nh Lai cho php nhp h trong ma ma" (anujnmi bhijkkhave vassne vassam upagantum... ). nhp h c 22 k: - Nhp k trc (purimikvassupanyik) l nhp h ngy 16/6. - Nhp h k sau (pacchimikvassupanyik) l nhp h ngy 16/7 n k nhp h nn qut dn trong ranh cha. cha nc ung nc ra ... lm l Tam bo xong ri, nn c 3 bn Imasmim vihre imam temsam vassam upemi (ta nhp h trong ni ny ht 3 thng) [nu khng c cha, th c vse th ch Vihre]. Nu Tng nh (nhng qun khng c cu kinh nhp h) trong ch ca Tng m mnh xin ri cng gi l nhp h chn chnh. n ngy m khng mun nhp h, c i n ch ny ni kia, phm Tc c. Nu nhp h khng c ch hoc ch khng c dng che lp, khng c ca ng kn phm Tc c. Nu nhp h ri m i khi ch trc mt tri mc, phm Tc c -- Tr ra cc hu s c php i 7 ngy th khng phm ti.

Trong khi nhp h nu c 7 hng ngi: T-khu, T-khu ni, Sikkhamn (Thc xa ma na), Sa-di, Sa-di ni, cha, m hu s cho hay hoc khng cho hay, T-khu c php i ra khi ch nhp h trong khong 7 ngy. Nu i qu ngy th 8, mt tri mc ln, phm Tc c. Ngoi 7 hng ngi k trn, nu c c s hu s mun lm phc cho ngi n thnh T-khu cng c php i 7 ngy, bng h khng thnh, khng nn i. Cch thc i trong khong 7 ngy(satthakicca) y nh vy:. T-khu hoc Sa-di trong h trc khi i ra ng xa phi nguyn: "Ta s tr v trong khong 7 ngy" nh th ri i, khng cn phi c Pali cng c. Nu mun c Pali cho chn chn,c ng thm tt, song nn i trc 1 T-khu hoc 2, 3 v hoc gia Tng m c hay l c trc "kim thn" hoc x li Pht cng c. Phi c nh vy: "Sace me amtaryyo natthi, satthabbhantare aham puna nivattismi". "Dutiyampi... ". "Tatiyampi... Ngha l "Nu khng c s ri ro n ti, ti s tr v trong khong 7 ngy"; "Ln th nh..."; "Ln th ba... ". Satthakicca y c 2 cch l: 1) Nhp h c 1 hay 2 ngy hoc trong ngy mi nhp h y, nhp t bui chiu cho n rng ng, trtc khi mt tri mc, nu c vic th c php i trong khong 7 ngy, khi i ri lm xong vic ca mnh ht 6 ngy, cn phi tr v cho kp trc khi mt tri mc ngy th 7. Phi tnh ngy, i ra l 1 ngy, ri tr v ch nhp h cho kp trong bui ti trc mt tri mc, ngha l mt tri mc ln th k l ngy th 7. Nu mi nhp h trong bui chiu ri,nguyn i lin th khng nn, phi ch n gn sng mi i c nh th gi l "vic phi lm trong khong 7 ngy th nht" (pathamasattha). 2) Cn 7 ngy na ra h, l ngy mng 9 thng 9 25 hoc mng 9 thng 10 26, nu c vic th c php i trong 7 ngy; nhng phi nguyn tr li cho kp

trong khong 7 ngy. i ri c th lm xong cng vic trong khng 7 ngy, s lm Pavran chung vi T-khu ni cha khc gn cng c, khng cn phi tr v, cng khng t h. Nhng trc, khng nn nguyn rng "Ta s khng tr v" nh th t h, t khi i ra khi cha n bc th 2, nh th gi l "Vic phi lm trong khong 7 ngy cui cng". Kinh Ch gii c ni r rng "Navamito patthya gantum vattati, gacchatu v, magacchatu v, anpatti na dukkatraho v hoti". Ngha l: "Nu ch cn 7 ngy na s ra h T-khu c vic nguyn i trong 7 ngy, nu khng c th c khng tr v cng khng sao, khng phm Tc c." Nguyn nhn t h, nhng khng phm ti c 4: - Tng chia r nhau. - Ch T-khu mun chia r Tng. - C s ri ro n sanh mng; - C s ri ro n phm hnh. Li na, nu nhp h c th d, kh i kht thc, k cp hoc ma qu ph hi, hoc ch b la chy nc lt, hoc kh nui sanh mng, thiu thuc nga bnh, thiu ngi h , c php i ra khi ni y khng phm gii, nhng t h. Nu c ph n tru gho, c ngi xin g con, c th lm cho h phm hnh, b i khi ch y, khng phm ti. Li na, nu thy hoc nghe tin c T-khu chia r Tng, c chia r Tng, mnh tnh i n c th ho gii c, b i nh th cng v ti, nhng t h. Nu c th ch thnh nhp h 3 thng, mnh nhn chu ri m li b i, phm Tc c, hoc c T-khu r nhp h cng nhau hc Pali trong 1 ch, ng thun ri b i, phm Tc c. Li na, cu "Imasmim vihre imam temsam vassam upemi" c nhp h y, khng phi l Pht ngn, ch l li ch gii ca cc A la hn. Cho nn T-khu nu tm quyt nh nhp h ri khng cn c cu Pali y cng c. Phi nn phn ranh ch nhp h v nn bit mt tri: mt tri

mc ri, nu phi ra khi cha th phi vo cho kp trc khi c nh sng mt tri. PAVRAN - T t Pavran dch l T T, l sau khi nhp h 3 thng (t 16 thng 6 n rm thng 9), ch v T-khu nhm li m t ti cng nhau. c Pht c dy "Nh Lai cho php T-khu nhp h 3 mn ma ma ri phi hnh l Pavran theo 3 iu: - V c thy; - V c nghe; - V c nghi." Pavran l s t cho nhau, thc tnh cho nhau, cho khi phm ti lm gng cho nhau v cho k hu lai noi theo. Ch T-khu nn hnh l Pavran nh vy: cho T-khu thng hiu tuyn b cho Tng bit rng: Sunatume bhante sangho ajja pavran. Pannaras / Catuddas yadi sanghassa pattakallam sangho pavreyya. (Bch i c Tng, xin Tng nghe ti trnh, ngy nay l ngy Pavran 15 / 14 nu l Pavran n k cho ch Tng, ch Tng nn hnh l Pavran.). Ri v trng lo nn mc y cha vai mt bn ngi chm hm chp tay c: Sangham vuso pavremi ditthena v sutena v parisankya v vadantu mamyasmanto anukampam upadya passanto patikarissmi. Dutiyampi... Tatiyampi... Nghi: Ny Ngi, ti xin Pavran vi Tng nu c thy, nghe hoc nghi, xin cc ngi em lng tip thc tnh ti, khi c bit ti s hnh theo. ln th nh... ln th ba...

Ri v thp h c: Sangham bhante pavremi ditthena v sutena v parisankya v vadantu mamyasmanto anukampam upadya passanto patikarissmi. Dutiyampi... Tatiyampi... Nh th gi l l Pavran. Ngy Pavran c 3: ngy rm, 30 hoc 29 thng thiu, v ngy ch Tng ha hp (samaggi). Nu nhp h k trc phi hnh l Pavran trong ngy rm thng 9, nhp h k sau phi hnh l Pavran trong ngy rm thng 10, nh c gii trong l Uposatha. Li na Pavran ni v ngi hnh c 3: - Tng Pavran. - Gana Pavran. - Puggala Pavran. T-khu t 5 v tr ln gi l Sangha (Tng) Pavran, nu hnh tr nh c gii trc. T-khu 2, 3, 4 v gi l Gana Pavran. Nu c 3 hay 4 v, nn cho v thng hiu tng tuyn ngn: Suntume ayasmamto ajja pavran pannaras / catuddas yadyasmantnam pattakallam mayam annamannam pavreyyma,. Ri v cao h nn mc y cha vai 1 bn ngi chm hm chp tay trc mt cc v khc c: Aham vuso yasmanto pavremi ... patikarissmi. Dutiyampi... Tatiyampi... Ri v thp h c: Aham bhante (yasmanto) pavremi ... patikarissmi. Dutiyampi...

Tatiyampi... Nu ch c 2 v, khng nn c tng tuyn ngn, hi hp nhau ri v cao h nn mc y cha vai 1 bn ngi chm hm chp tay trc mt cc v thp h c: Aham vuso yasmantam pavremi vadamtumam ayasm... patikarissmi. Dutiyampi... Tatiyampi... V thp h c: Aham bhante... Nh th gi l Gana Uposatha. Nu c 1 v, khi n ngy Pavran nn hnh Adhitthna rng: Ajja me pavran. Trong kinh Ch gii dy rng: phi thm ngy nh vy: Ajja me avran catuddas / pannaras adhitthmi. Nh th gi l Puggala Pavran. Trong k l Pavran c nhiu v, khng nn c Pavran chung cng nhau, phi c mi v 3 bn, tr ra c duyn c nh: th ch ng b th, T-khu ng nghe php, m gn tn hnh Pavran, mi v 3 bn khng kp, hoc 10 iu nguy him, khng th hnh Pavran, mi v c 3 bn khng kp, th c mi v 2 bn, nu mi v c 2 bn khng kp, th c mi v 1 bn, nu mi v c 1 bn khng kp, th c chung cng nhau vi nhng v nhp h chung mt k, nhng phi tng tuyn ngn trc nh vy: Suntu me bhante sanghoayam brahma cariyantaryo sace sangho tevcikam pavressati appavrito v sangho bhavissati yadi sanghassa pattakallam sangho (devcikam) ekavcikam (sam navassikam) pavreyya. c xong ri nn Pavran nh trc.

Ngha l: Bch i c Tng, xin Tng nghe ti trnh, y l iu nguy him n phm hnh, nu Tng pavran 3 bn chc khng kp, iu nguy him n phm hnh y t s pht sanh ln khng sai. Nu Tng s va n Tng ri, Tng nn Pavran (2 bn), (1 bn) cho T-khu nhp h chung 1 k nhau u Pavran chung cng nhau (samnavassik Pavran). ---o0o--VT DNG THEO THI (Klika). Vt dng theo thi c 4: - Vt dng trong bui sng (yvaklika). - Vt dng trong 1 ngy, 1 m (ymaklika). - Vt dng trong 7 ngy (satthaklika). - Vt dng cho n ht (yvajvika). I. YVAJIVKA Gii v yvajvika trc cho d b phm bit. c Pht cho php dng 5 th thuc. - R cy - Nc ct cy. - L cy - Tri cy - Nc nha cy, tri, mi, v bng, v cy. Cc mn y u l vt dng cho n ht. th cc vt y, khi c bnh em ra dng, c php ct gi cho n ht. khng bnh m dng, phm Tc c. (Tanipatiggahetv yvajvam pariharitum satipaccaye asatipaccaye paribhunnatassa patti dukkatassa). ---o0o--paribhunnitum

II. YVAKLIKA 5 mn n: cm, bnh st, bnh ngui, c, tht gi l bhojana (vt thc). Ngoi bhojana, yvajvika, satthakalika v yvajvika ra, cc mn n khc gi l vt nhai n (khdanya) cc th bnh lm bng go, np, u, m khng cn phi k, du l r cy, khoai, c, cng, t l, v, bng, tri... cng u gi l khdanya Tm li, vt lm thuc gi l yvajvika, vt n khng gi l yvajvika c. V ma cn v ngt gi l mn n, ngai ra cc th v cy khc u thuc v yvajvika c. Cc th l nh l khoai, l u, l ci, l xoi khng gi l thuc c. Cc th bng cng vy. Cc th tri nh: mt, sa k, tht nt, da, xoi v nhng tri khc dng lm mn n khng gi l yvajvika c, cc th ht cng vy. Bt lm bng 7 th m, u, m, mt, sa k u l vt vt thc. Cc th nc nha, ch nc ma l vt satthaklika, ngoi ra u l mn thuc, c php dng cho n ht. 5 th bhojana v cc mn khdaniya l vt ch c php dng, t khi mt tri mc cho n ng ng, dng ngoi gi y phm ng x i tr. Th lnh dnh qua ngy sau cng phm ng x i tr. ---o0o--III. YMAKLIKA C 8 th nc: - nc lm bng xoi sng hoc chn (ambapnam). - nc lm bng tri dim ph (jambupnam). - nc lm bng chui c ht (pocapnam). - nc lm bng chui khng ht (mocapnam).

- nc lm bng tri c na (madhupnam). - nc lm bng tri th hoc tri nho (muddikpnam). - nc lm bng r cy hoc ng sen (slukapnam). - nc lm bng tri nhn, chm chm (phtsa kapnam). 8 th nc lm bng tri cy y gi l vt ch c php ch dng trong 1 ngy 1 m. Gii v cc lm nc bng tri xoi: Nn xoi vo trong nc ri m, xong em ra phi nng cho chn, lc ly nc, thm mt ong hoc ng vo ri dng. Nu t mnh lm th ch c dng trong bui sng. Ngi cha tu ln bc trn lm, c php n 1 ngy 1 m, nu em dng chung vi cm cng c nhng khng nn qu ng. Cc th nc tri cy khc cng lm nh th. Khng nn nu (phi nng cho chn th c). c Pht c dy "Nh Lai cho php dng v cc th tri cy tr ra 7 th m. Nh Lai cho php dng v ca cc th l cy, tr ra cc l n v luc chn. Nh Lai cho php dng v ca cc th bng cy, tr ra bng c na. Nh Lai cho php dng v ca nc ma rng (anu... sabbam phalarasam thapetv dhannaha lasaram - anu... sabbam pattarasam thapetv dkarasam - anu... sabbam puppharasam thapetv madhuka puppharasam anu... ucchurasam). Cc th l cy u thuc v vt dng cho n ht. Nu lm cho chn, chung ln vi vt no, ch c php dng theo vt y (vt n bui sng, vt dng, 1 ngy, 1 m, hoc vt dng trong 7 ngy). Nu vi nc l th thuc v v thuc. Cc th l sng hoc luc chn l vt n chung trong ba cm. L v vi nc mt, hoc phi nng cho chn lm thuc cng nn. Cc th bng, tr ra bng c na, nn lm thuc c c. Cc ymaklika, nu th ri dng qu 1 ngy 1 m, n mt tri mc, phm Tc c. ---o0o--IV. SATTHAKLIKA Sa lng (sappi), sa c (navanitam), du (telam), mt ong (madhu), nc ma (phnitam) u l vt dng n 7 ngy. n ngy th 8 mt tri mc ln, phm ng x i tr, n vo, phm Tc c.

Sa b, sa d, sa tru, cc th tht ca loi th m c Pht khng cm [*], sa ca loi th y gi l sa; v phn m cng vy. [*] 10 th tht cm: tht ngi, voi, nga, s t, cp, beo, gu, ch, rn, ch si. Sa b, sa d, sa tru,... gi l sa ti (khram). Sa y lu, n chua gi l sa chua (dadhi) [cng gi l sa c, sa lng]. B c y h thng li na gi l b lng (sappi). Sa ti, chua, du thuc v ymaklika, l vt dng trong bui sng. Sa c, b lng l mn dng n 7 ngy (satthalika). Du, mt ong, nc ma, sa c, sa lng m T-khu th trong bui sng dng lm vt n c, nhng qu ng ri, khng nn. Nu dng ngoi bui n sng, c ct n 7 ngy, qu 7 ngy th phm ng x i tr, k theo mi vt v ng. Du m, du u , du c na l vt n bui sng. Cc th du khc nh du ht ci u thuc v ymaklika. Th lnh du m, bui sng, n chung trong bui cm cng c, nhng qu ng ri, khng nn dng ngoi ba n, c ct n 7 ngy, lm thuc c php dng cho n ht. Du c ln cht t nc, hoc hm nng, ch nn dng trong bui sng. Th du chung vi vt thc cng vy, dng ngoi da, c php thoa cho n ht. Th ht m, ht u , lm du trong ngy. Nu qua ngy th 2 mi thng du, c dng n 6 ngy, thng trong ngy th 3, th 4 hoc th 6, nn n 5, 4 hoc 2 ngy. Lm trong ngy th 7 ch c dng trong ngy y thi. Th ht m, ht u qu 7 ngy, phm Tc c. Th du da, du ht ci v cc th du khc, th du khng c k trong Pali, qu 7 ngy, phm Tc c; khc nhau vi du c ni trong Pali. Th m trong bui sng, thng trong bui sng, dng ngoi ba n, c php n 7 ngy. Th si gi thng lc si gi, em dng, phm 3 ti

Tc c. Th trong gi, thng lc si gi, em dng, phm 3 ti Tc c. th trong gi, thng trong gi, lc ngoi gi, em dng, phm 1 ti Tc c. Th trong gi, thng trong gi, lc trong gi, khng phm ti. Th trong gi em dng vi cm cng nn (khng c qu ng). Th si gi ch nn dng ngoi ba cm v c php n 7 ngy. Qu 7 ngy, phm ng x i tr. Th nc ma (sng hoc chn) khng ln vi xt (ci) c php dng nh mt ong. Th ng th, ng tn, ng phn lm bng nc ma, m h dng trong bui sng em dng vi cm cng nn. t mnh l ch dng c ngoi bui sng. cc th ng y l vt satthaklika, du c bnh hoc khng cng dng c n 7 ngy. c Pht cho php: - i vi ngi bnh. - i vi ngi. - i vi th gi. - i vi dp. - i vi x. - i vi m. - i vi v thuc. i vi ngi c bnh nh: Ngi cho php T-khu ni ma nhp c n tht ti, mu ti (tr ra tht ngi), n trong bui sng hoc bui chiu cng c. Cho php i vi ngi, nh: ngi n hay cm tr ra khi c, ri nut vo khng phm ti. Cho php i vi th gi, nh: T-khu b rn cn c php dng 4 th thuc: nc tiu, phn, tro, t, nu khng c ai dng, t mnh ly dng cng nn. Cho php i vi dp, nh: cho php T-khu dng vt thc nhiu v trong khi c dp, ngoi ra khng nn dng.

Cho php i vi x, nh: cho T-khu ngoi x Trung n , t 5 v tr ln c php truyn T-khu gii. Cho php T-khu th m: thng, lc trong gi, ch nn dng m lng. cho php cn dng m lng lm bng cc th m ca loi th. Cho php i vi thuc, nh: sa lng, sa c, du, mt ong, nc ma, m T-khu th ri c php dng tu thch trong bui sng ngy y. Qu ng, nu c bnh nn dng n 7 ngy, nhng cc th ng cng (ng th, ng sc, ng om, ng tn, ng phn) nu c bnh th c php nhai, khng bnh nn dng chung vi nc. C 5 th thuc y, dng n 7 ngy, cn d nn cho n ngi khc hoc thoa b cng c. Gii v: Yavaklika, ymaklika; sattahaklika v yvajvika, ln chung cng nhau rng. "Yvaklikena bhikkhave ymaklikam tadahu patiggahitam... satthkli kantenakappati". ngha l: "Ny cc T-khu! Ymaklika satthaklika, yvajivika, 1 trong 3 vt y m T-khu th knh chung vi yvaklika, ch nn dng trong bui sng y, qu ng ri thi". Th 1 trong 2 vt satthaklika v yavajivika, chung vi ymaklika, ch nn dng trong 1 ngy, 1 m thi. Th "yvejivika" chung vi "satthaklika", ch nn n 7 ngy; qua ngy th 8 cho ngi khc y l ni v vt c ln chung cng nhau. Nu th 1 trong 8 th nc ymaklika chung ln vi da, ly da ra 8 th nc ymaklika dng ngoi gi c. Th sa cc vi cm ngui, lky sa ra ct dng n 7 ngy cng nn; mt ong ngcng vy. Vt ymaklika, satthaklika v yvajivika trn ln vi vt thc, nu c th ly ra lm cho tht sch dng theo thi u c c. khng sch, khng nn ct gi. T-khu khng nn nu nng vt thc m c php hm nng nhng vt chn sn. Th ch h dng cho nng, c b hnh ti, gng... T-khu khng nn em khuy cho chn, tnh lm cho ngui c, du cm cn ngi khng nn tnh y cho chn, y cho nng c, nu vt chn sm em hm li khng sao.

--- o0o ---

GII V CCH THC ADHITTHNA

Y nn adhitthna [*] c 7 th. - Tam y (ticvara). - Y tm ma (vsikastik). - Y lt ngi (nisdanam). - Y lt nm (paccattharanam). - Y rt gh (kandupaticchdi). - Y lau mt (muhkamunchana colam). - Cc th ph tng nh nh vi lc nc, o bt, y (parikkharacolam). C 7 th y u l vt nn adhitthnatheo tn. [*] Tam y adhitthna ri i vo xm khi em theo nm iu: 1. Tkhu c bnh, 2. Trong 4 thng ma, 3. i qua sng, 4. Ch ca c kho kn, 5. C th l dng y . c Pht dy phi adhitthna tam y, khng cho gi adhitthna y tm ma n 4 thng, ht 4 thng ma ri phi gi, adhitthna vi rt gh, cho n khi ht gh ri g, adhitthna y lau mt khng cho gi, adhitthna cc th y ph tng, khng cho gi. Tam y l: y 2 lp p trm (sanghti), y vai tri (uttarasanga), y ni mc (antaravsaka). Ba y y phi ct, may lm cho ng php ri nhum cho c mu, lm du (bindukappa) ri mi nn nguyn t tn (adhithna), khng ct khng nn mc, v c Pht c dy "Mbhikkhave acchinnakni cvarni dh -- retabbni". Chng nn mc y c-sa khng ct, T-khu no dng ca-sa khng ct, phm Tc c. Tam y, du ct cho ln rng n u n u cng phi nh hn y ca Pht mi nn. Nh hn ht l: y 2 lp v y vai tri, b di 4 hc v 1 bn tay, b ngang du 2 hc cng c. ln hoc nh hnkiu y khng nn l nguyn l ca-sa. Khi ct may, nhum xong nn:

1) Lm du y, nn dng 1 trong 3 mu (em, xanh, sm tro, hoc bn) v vng trn bng mt ngng, c "imam bindukappam karomi" ri adhitthna. 2) Adhitthna c 2 cch: adhitthna bng thn v bng khu. Nu y 2 lp c, nn c x adhitthna rng "imam sanghtim paccuddharmi: ti x y 2 lp ny" ly tay cm y 2 lp hoc trn mnh c trong tm rng "imam sanghtim adhitthna" (ti adhitthna y hai lp ny) nh th gi l adhitthnabng thn. Adhitthnabng khu th c "imam sanghtim adhitthmi". adhitthna bng khu c 2 cch: 1. trong hc 2. Ngoi hc. Nu trong hc, c "imam sanghtim adhitthmi". Y ngoi hc trong phng, trong cha, phi nh n ch y, ri c "etam sanghatim adhitthmi". Cc y khc cng lm nh th, ch nn i tn thi. c x y trong hc: Imam / Etam [*] uttarsangam paccuddharmi antaravsakam paccuddharmi c adhitthna: Imam / Etam [*] Uttarasangam adhitthmi, Antaravsakam adhitthmi, Vassika stikam adhitthmi, imam paccattharanam adhitthmi, etam kandupatticchdi adhitthmi, mukhamunchanacolam adhitthmi, parikkhracolam adhitthmi nu adhitthna tam y lm ph tng, c: Imam / Etam [*] cvaram parikkhracolam adhitthmi nu adhitthna nhiu y chung cng nhau c:

Imam / Etam [*] cvarni parikkhracolam adhitthmi nu adhitthna patta th c: Imam pattam adhitthmi [*] Y trong hc (hathapsa) c: "Imam"; Y ngoi hc (hathapsa) c: "Etam". ---o0o--GII V CCH GI Y D (Vikappa) c Pht dy: "Anujnmi bhikkhave atirekacvaram vikappetum. anu... ymenaatthangulamsu gatam gulena caturangulavitthatam pacchimam cvaram vikappetum." Ny cc T-khu! Nh Lai dy phi gi y d -- Nh Lai dy phi gi y pacchimacvara l y nh hn ht b di 8 ngn tay, b ngang 4 ngn tay (ngn tay ca c Pht). Y tm ma, vi rt gh, khi ht k adhitthna ri nn gi bng 2 cch: gi trc mt, gi khut mt. 1) gi y trc mt 2 cch: a. Trong hc c: Imam cvaram tuyham vikappemi Imni cvarni tuyham vikappemi (nhiu y). b. Ngoi hc c: Etam cvaram tuyham vikappemi Etni cvarni tuyham vikappemi (nhiu y). c gi trc mt 1 v T-khu, ri ct y cng c.

Nu em ra mc, x hoc adhitthna khng nn. Khi ngi chu gi c: Imam cvaram mayham santakam Imni cvarni mayham santakam (nhiu y). Paribhunjavvisajjehiv yathpaccayamvkarohi Ngi ly dng, hoc x hoc lm theo vic cn dng ca ti. c x nh th ri em dng mc, p cng nn. 2) Gi y khut mt Gn, c: Imam cvaram tuyham vikappanatthyadammi Imni cvarni tuyham vikappanatthyadammi (nhiu y). Ti gi y ny n ngi. Xa, c: Etam cvaram tuyham vikappanatthyadammi Etni cvarni tuyham vikappanatthyadammi (nhiu y). c gi trc mt 1 v T-khu, T-khu chu lnh gi nn hi ch y rng "Ngi xut gia no thn thit hay gn gi vi ngi?" Ch gi y, ty thch ni: "Ngi Tissa (hoc Sa-di Tissa) l ngi thn thit vi ti". V chu lnh gi ni "aham tissabhikkhudammi" hoc "aham tissassasmanerassa dammi" theo tn m T-khu xin gi y. nh th gi l khut mt, ri ct gi nh th y cng c. Khi T-khu dm chu lnh gi y c "tissassabhikkhuno santakam paribhunjavvisajjehiv yathpaccayam v karohi" nh c gii trong cch gi trc mt, iu th 2 y ri, mi gi l x, khi x ri, em y ra mc u c c. Vn -- Gi trc mt v khut mt, khc nhau nh th no? p -- Trong cch gi trc mt y, t mnh nh ngi khc gi x. Trong cch gi khut mt, nh ngi khc gi cho, nh ngi khc x cho, khc nhau nh th y. Nu gi n ngi no, ngi y khng thng hiu cc x, nn em y y gi cho T-khu thng hiu, ri nh v y x, mi nn.

Ngi ch em y y adhitthna theo tn ri dng, du qu 10 ngy, cng khng phm ti, y l adhitthna v vikappa y d trc 10 ngy, nu qu 10 ngy, phm ng x i tr theo iu hc "l dng y ln th nht" (pathamakathina sikkhpada). ---o0o---

GII V CCH T ADHITTHNA

y adhitthna theo tn, nh c gii, t adhitthna do 9 iu: - Cho n ngi khc (annassadnena). - B bn cp ot (acchinditvgahanena). - Bn thit ly (visssaghena). - Tr lm ngi thp hn (phm Bt cng tr theo ngoi o) (hinyvattanena). - X gii (sikkhpaccakkhnena). - Cht (klakiriyya). - i tng mo (trai bin ra gi, gi bin ra trai) (lingaparivattanena). - X b adhitthna(paccuddharanena). - Lng l Y lng l bng lng ngn tay t, lng t ht ch mi t adhitthna. Y hai lp, y vai tri rch b di t ba vo 1 gang, rch b ngang t ba vo 8 ngn tay mi t adhitthna. y ni rch b di t ba vo 1 gang, b ngang t ba vo 4 ngn tay mi t adhitthna. Y t adhitthna nh th, phi may v li ri adhitthna thm, em mc mi nn. Nn v y trong 10 ngy k t ngy rch, qu 10 ngy, phm ng x i tr, nh y d. -ooOoo-

TNG KT TRCH DCH TNG LUT

Bhsitamitam tena bhagavat jnat passat ahet sammsambuddhena c Th Tn hiu, ngi l bc Chnh ng chnh gic c ging thuyt rng:

Sampannasl bhikkhave viharatha sampannapptimokkh Ny cc thy T-khu! cc thy hy l ngi c gii y , c Ptimokkha [*] y ri yn i. [*] Tu m l Ba-la--mc-xoa, php din m ngi th ng n ri hng lm cho ngi thot khi 4 c o. Ptimokkha samvaravuto viharatha craga cra sampanno Hy l ngi thu thc bng s kim ch trong ptimokkha, y hnh kim v ni vng lai thch hp. Anumattesu vajjesu bhayadassv samdya sikkhttha sikkhpadesti Hy l ngi thng thy s lo s ti li d l nh nhen cht t, ri nghim tr cc iu hc (sikkhpada). Tasmtihamhehi sikkhitabbam V th, chng ta l hng xut gia trong Pht gio nn hc hnh rng: Sampamasl viharissma sampannapptimokkh Chng ta l ngi c gii y , c Ptimokkha y ri yn. Ptimokkhasam varasamvut vihrissma cra gocrasampanno Chng ta s l ngi thu thc, km ch trong ptimokkha, c y hnh kim v ni vng lai thch hp ri yn. Anumattesu vajjesu bhayadassv samdya sikkhissma sikkhpadesti Chng ta s l ngi thy s lo s, t nhin, trong ti nh nhen cht t, ri nghim tr cc iu hc. Evanhino sikkhitabbam Chng ta phi hc hnh nh vy. Ptimokkha visodhento appeva jvitam jahe Bc xut gia tn thc khi trau gii (tn thc: tin chc chn). Ptimokkha Thu thc Gii, dm hy sinh sanh mng mnh. Pannattam lokanathenana bhinde silasamvaram Khng ph thu thc Gii m ng Cu th ch ng li u.

Kikva andam camarva vladhim Chim C-cng liu mnh c gi trng n, th Camari (b c lng ui di Ty Tng) liu thn rng gi lng n, th no. Piyamv puttam nayanam v ekakam Ngi c chm sc con mt. Taheva silam anurakkhamnak Ngi cht mt c duy tr mt sng th no, ta hy th tr Gii ca ta cho c, nht l nh chim c cng vy Supesal homa sad sagravo Cho c l ngi c Gii l ni thng yu, c l php ng n v tn knh mi mi. Satth svakknam sikkhapdam pannapeti dasa atthavase paticca c Thy ch ng iu hc n cc thy Thinh Vn v 10 iu li ch l: Sanghasutthutya 1. cho c iu tuyt ho n Tng. Sanghaphsuttya 2. cho c s an lc n Tng. Dummanknam puggalnam niggahya 3. khin trch k bng bnh ph gii. Pesalnam bhikkhnamphsuvhya 4. cho c s yn n ch T-khu c gii l ni thng mn. Dittha dhammiknam savnam samvarya 5. ngn nga cc lu phin trong hin ti. Samparyiknam savnam patightya 6. y lui nhng lu phin no trong i v lai. Appasannnam pasdya 7. kch thch nhng ngi bt mn, c tn ngng.

Pasannnam bhiyyo bhvya 8. khin k thch cng tin chc. Saddhammatthitiy 9. cho chnh php c thm kin c. Vinay nuggahya 10. h tr tng Lut. Vinayamhi mahatthesu Pesalnam sukhvaho Niggahnanca papicche Lajjnam paggahesuca Ssamdhrane ceva Sabbannuji nugocare Anannavisaye khema Suppannatte asamsaye Khi tng Lut c i li em s vui n Tng c gii ng knh mn, khin trch nhm T-khu ham mun xu xa, nng cao nhm T-khu c s h thn, c kh cht duy tr gio php l ni vng lai ca ng Chnh Bin Tri khng thuc quyn hn ca k khc, l ni yn tm; ngha l c Th Tn ch ng chn chnh khng cn ng c. Khandhake vinaye ceva parivre ca mtike yathattakri kusalo patipajjati yoniso Bc tr tu hay lm iu l ch thch hp hng thc hnh theo phng php trong thin Lut trong Parivra v Mtika (mt phn trong Lut) . Pamutthami ca suttante Adhidhame ca tvade Vinaya avinatthamhi Puna titthati ssanam D l tng Kinh v tng Lun ph hy m tng Lut cha tiu hoi, th Pht gio vn tn ti. ---o0o---

PHP LM CHO TR NN SA-MN

c Chnh Bin Tri c ging thuyt v danh hiu v ci php ca Sa-mn rng "Saman samanti vo bhikkhave jano jano sanjnti": ny cc T-khu, i chng hng r danh hiu ca cc ngi rng l Sa-mn. V phn cc ngi cng vy, khi c ai hi rng, ng l chi? Cc ngi cng nhn rng: Chng ti l Sa-mn". Nh vy: Nu cc ngi c danh hiu nh th v nhn mnh ng nh vy ri bit rng: Ye dhamm samanakarn brahmana karan: Cc php no lm cho thnh Sa-mn v b la mn, chng ta s th tr nhng php . Hnh ng nh th, mi va s nhn thc chn chnh ca chng ta, theo li h gi tht. Li na, chng ta th dng y, bt, thc phm, ch ng, thuc mn ca nhng th ch no th ci nghip lnh ca h s sanh phc ln, c nhiu qu bo chng sai vy, v h nng nh ni chng ta. Hn na, s xut gia ca chng ta, chng phi l v hiu qu du php tu hnh c nhiu phc bu tht. Ny cc T-khu! Cc ngi cn bit mnh nh vy, chng nn qun. Ngi bn ging tip 2 php trng yu nht l: h thn (hiri) v gh s (ottappa) ti li. Ri gii rng: Parisuddhi kyasamcra, parisuddhi vacsamcra, parisuddhi manosamcra, parisuddha jva, indriyasamvara bhojanamattann jgariynuyoga, satisampajanna: S nng ng trong ni thanh vng, cch trau di ci tm cho xa khi php ci (nvaranadhamma) ri tp trung tinh thn cho tr tu thy r "T Diu ". Tt c php l php php ca Samn. 1) H thn (hiri) v s xu h i vi cc php c.

2) Gh s (ottappa) l ni v s gh s cc ti li. C hai php trn y l quan trng c bit ca Sa-mn, bng khng cng chng gi l Sa-mn c. C 2 php ri, cc c tnh khc mi c th pht sanh ln c. 3) Thn trong sch y (parisuddhi kaisamcra), ch v 3 nghip lnh ca thn. 4) Khu trong sch y (parisuddhi vac samcra), ch v 4 nghip lnh ca ming. 5) Tm trong sch y (parisuddhimano samcra), ch v 3 nghip lnh ca . 6) S nui mng trong sch (parisuddha jva) tc l s nui sng cho thanh cao (xem trong Chnh mng Thanh tnh gii). 7) Lc cn thu thc (indriyasamcra) (xem trong Lc cn Thanh tnh gii). 8) Bit tit ch trong thc phm (bhojanama tann) ch bit v tit trong s th thc (xem trong php Qun tng th vt dng Thanh tnh gii). 9) Tnh thc thng thng (jgariynuyoga) l dy phi thc nhiu ng t. 10) Tr nh bit mnh (satisampajanna). 11) S nng ng trong ni thanh vng. Ngha l s tr n trong rng hoc di bng cy hay l ni tnh tht vng v. 12) S trau di ci tm cho xa khi php trin ci, ri ch tm tham thin. 13) Lm cho tr tu thy r php "T iu ": l lm cho pht sanh s thy bit r rt ci kh, nhn sanh kh, s dit kh, o dit kh (xem trong T diu ). Tt c cc php l php ca Sa-mn cn phi c, bng khng, t s sa vo trong 4 c o chng sai.

c Th Tn ging thuyt v hng Sa-mn v ci php ca hng Sa-mn nh th. ---o0o---

PHNG TIN CHO PHP SANH PHP CA BC XUT GIA HOC SA-MN
Ngi t nguyn xut gia hoc Sa-mn phi ch tm rng "Ta l bc xut gia hoc Sa-mn ri, cn gn gi c tn thanh cao va theo ci tng mo ca ngi xut gia hoc Sa-mn mi c". Hay qun tng theo Pht ngn rng: "By gi y ta c tng mo khc hn k th, nht l cch thc hnh ng ca Sa-mn th no, ta cn phi lm theo, khng nn sai suyn". Bc xut gia v nh ngi thng mi, bun bn mun c li, nu hnh ng cch, mi c li nhiu, bng lm si t phi l vn. V th c Pht c ging v php nn ci tm ca ngi xut gia nh vy: Kusoyath duggahito hatthamev nukantati smannam dupparamattham niryypakadhati yamkinci sithilam kammam samkilitthanca yamvattam sankassaram brhmacariyam natamhoti mahapphalam kayir ce kayirthenam dalhamenam parakkame sithilo hi paribhajo bhiyyo akirate rajam L thng, c tranh m ngi khng kho lm, ko ngc tr li t phi t tay, th no, s xut gia ca hnh gi, tu khng chn chnh, si php lut, hng li ko h sa trong a ngc, cng nh th y. ---o0o---

TI CA BC XUT GIA TU HNH KHNG CHN CHNH

Ngi mc y vng, song khng thu thc theo php ca Sa-mn, cng khng khi sa a ngc, nh Pht ngn rng: Kvvakanth bahavo ppadhamm asannat pp papehi kammehi nirayam te upapajjare. Phn ng ngi c o c sa dnh c, tc l mc y vng, song l k c php xu xa, khng thu thc theo php ca Sa-mn, thng phi b a trong cnh

a ngc, do cc nghip xu ca h to. Li na, ngi xut gia ph gii, ri th thc ca th ch dng cng bng c tin khng nn u, rng dng cc st ng nng cn hn, hip theo Pht ngn rng: Seyyo ayogulo bhutto tatto aggisikh pamo yance bhunjeyya dusslo rattha pindam asannato. Ngi xut gia ph gii, l ngi khng thu thc m cng dng vt cm ca k th chng d u, rng n cc st ng nng cn hn. c Pht ging thuyt ch r ti kh ca bc xut gia v Sa-mn khng tr trong php ca h, nh nhng qui tc gii. ---o0o---

MI PHP M BC XUT GIA PHI QUN TNG THNG XUYN

1) Bc xut gia nn qun tng thng rng: By gi ta c tng mo khc hn k th, ngha v no ca Sa-mn ta phi lm cho trn. 2) Bc xut gia nn qun tng thng thng rng: S nui sanh mng ca ta nng ni k khc, ta cn phi lm cho ngi cp dng d dng. 3) Bc xut gia nn qun tng thng thng rng: s lm cho thn khu thm chn chnh, vn cn na chng phi ch c by nhiu. 4) Bc xut gia nn qun tng thng thng rng: tm ta khng t ch bai ta v Gii khng y chng? 5) Bc xut gia nn qun tng thng thng rng: hng tr tu xem xt ri, h khng khin trch ta v Gii khng y chng? 6) Bc xut gia nn qun tng thng thng rng: ta phi chia la s vt m ta thng yu va lng, khng sao trnh khi c. 7) Bc xut gia nn qun tng thng thng rng: ta c ci nghip ca ta, ta lm lnh th c vui, gy d th chu kh.

8) Bc xut gia nn qun tng thng thng rng: ngy v m hng qua mau l, by gi y ta lm c ci chi chng? 9) Bc xut gia nn qun tng thng thng rng: ta c a thch trong ni thanh vng chng? 10) Bc xut gia nn qun tng thng thng rng: ta c cc c cao qu chng? Khi c bc phm hnh hi ta trong gi cui cng, ta s khng h thn chng? Mi php m cc bc xut gia nn qun tng thng thng gi l Thp php (dasadhamma), song dch nh trn , mi tht ng l. Ngi tu hc cn phi hiu rng Thp php l php dnh cho hng xut gia, tuy nhin nh c gii, iu no thuc v hng xut gia, iu y ngi c s hnh theo cng c. Trong 10 php nn hiu nh vy: 1- Dy phi qun tng v tng mo. 2- Dy phi qun tng v chnh mng. 3- Dy phi qun tng v hnh ng. 4 & 5 - Dy phi qun tng v qui tc. 6 & 7 - Dy phi qun tng v lut t nhin 8- Dy phi qun tng v thi gian. 9- Dy phi qun tng v ch ng. 10- Dy phi qun tng v c hnh cao qu. V phc bu trong qun tng c chia ra lm 2 l: Phn ring v chung. Gii v phn ring ca mi phn trc. 1) Gii v phng tin pht sanh s h thn (hiri) v gh s (ottappa) ti li, thc hnh cho va vi bn phn ca ngi xut gia, ngha l iu no khng ng quy tc ca bc xut gia th phi cha b, nht l phi hnh nhng php chn chnh, nh l tr Gii, cho thn khu trong sch, tu nh cho tm yn lng, hnh Tu cho thy r chnh t. Phi cn kp lm cho trn ngha v. 2) Khi qun tng nh vy th s c 2 iu li ch:

- c lm trn phn s i vi ngi cp dng. - s c s hnh ng cho h d nui, ngha l lm cho mnh thnh ngi bit (sandona), th 4 vt dng ty c ty c. H cho vt chi th va lng vi vt y khng c chn tt, xu, ngon, d. 3) Bc xut gia cha chng o qu, l c hnh cui cng trong Pht gio gi l cn phn s phi hnh, ngha l phi tu tp cho thanh cao hn na, cn phi hc nhng iu cha bit, thc hnh nhng iu bit. Khi tr gii c trong sch th cn tu Thin thm ln, cho tr tu pht sanh c o qu Nit Bn l mc ch ti cao ca Pht Gio. Nu bc xut gia c bit mnh nh vy, th hng c s li ch, t ha tr thnh nn bc cao nhn. Nu lm tng rng: Mnh l , khng cn tu tp na, va lng vi by nhiu th khng cn mn hnh bc cao m mnh cha cha c. Nh th, bc xut gia vn cn mc trong vng phm tc v phi b lut v thng chi phi, sa vo 4 c o chng sai. Nu hnh gi hng qun tng bit mnh nh th t s tinh tn tu hnh thm ln. 4 v 5) Bc xut gia qun tng hiu r trong iu th t v iu th nm nh vy ri, s thy mnh cha ton thin th pht tm c gng tu tr, khng , khng mnh t ch trch mnh c. Nhng l thng phm nhn him c ngi c bit chn chnh nh th .V vy, c lc lm sai m h cho l phi, c khi hnh chnh m h cho l t. Cho nn c Pht ngn rng: "Ti mnh kh bit, li ngi d xem!" Nhn , c Pht dy phi lun lun qun tng nhng iu trn y, cho pht sanh tr nh. 6) thng qun tng iu ny, th s r s chia la do 2 l l: - Cc s vt m ta thng yu va lng, n s la ta khi ta cn sanh tin cng c. - Trong gi mng chung, ta phi b n cng c, l l t nhin khng sao trnh c. Khi thy r 2 php trn ri, mnh c 3 iu li ch: - Dt tm bt bnh nng gin, khi gp s vt ng ght b - Ngn tm khng cho bun ru thng tic, lc ly bit s vt thng yu. - Kim ch tm ham mun, s vt ca mnh trnh t mng gy ra cc nghip c.

 l 3 iu li ch m bc xut gia nh s qun tng thng thng mi thy r c. 7) Trong iu ny nn hiu cu "Ta c ci nghip ca ta" rng: Mi ngi trong mi kip u c to nghip, khng d th lnh, chng tt th xu, khng c ai trnh khi, cho nn gi l "Ta c ci nghip ca ta". Li na, nu lm lnh th c vui, lm d th chu kh. C y s qun tng trong iu th 7 mi c li ch, khng cho lm c, ch to vic lnh, v hiu r qu bo ca nghip. 8) c Pht c khuyn cc T-khu cn phi bit thi gian qua ri, chng khi no tr li. Nn hiu r chn chnh rnh: N ch thong qua mau l, nu khng th hng cho ngy gi tri qua v ch, s c iu hi hn n nn. C Pht ngn rng "Nhng ngi cn trai trng, c tnh thng minh m li bing khng chuyn cn lm cc cng vic th kh gp c xut th bng "Tr tu". Li Pht dy y tnh thc h cho tinh tn trong nin cp cn khe mnh, cho s tu hnh mau c tn ho trong 2 phng din i v o, s qun tng thng thng trong iu ny, hng em li hnh phc yn vui cho mnh chng sai. 9) khi qun tng thng thng th c s tnh tm va lng trong ni thanh vng, la xa b ng bu bn, a thch trong ni yn lng, tham thin cho tm an tr, ri suy xt iu chi cng c chn chnh r rt, khng c tr ngi v bc tu thng c d dng. 10) gii rng: - "Cc c tnh cao qu ch v tm thin nh hoc gii thot". Nu qun tng thng nh th th c tnh tm, khng h va lng vi cc hnh phc nh nhen bc h, tinh tn trong c tnh cao thng theo th t. V phc bu trong cch qun tng 10 iu , hng em li s yn tnh cho tm, tin b trong chnh php, tu gii, nh, tu cho cng tng trng thanh cao. Ni tm li, s c mn nguyn trong 2 ng: i v o xut th, chng qu Nit bn l mc ch cu cnh ca Pht gio. -ooOoo-

PHT NGN
1) T-khu c 5 chi hng sa a ngc (chi: ci duyn mt th chia ra): T-khu t v v thng . T-khu t v v ght. T-khu t v v dt nt. T-khu t v v s. T-khu dng ca Tng nh ca mnh. 2) T-khu c 4 chi mi ng gi l T-khu: Phi hng nim tng c ca Pht. phi hng c tm bc i (mett). phi hng tham thin i tng t thi (asubha). phi hng nin tng s cht (maranasati). 3) Sa-mn c 4 chi mi gi l Sa-mn: phi c tm nhn ni. Phi thn trng trong vic phc c. Phi dt b li danh v phin no. Khng bn lng v th s. 4) Ngi sm ti i vo a ngc c 3 hng: ngi khng phi hnh o cao thng m t xng l hnh o cao thng. Ngi co gian bc phm hnh. Ngi ni ng dc khng c ti, ri th dng ng dc. 5) Li ni cao thng c 4: Khng thy, ni khng thy. Khng nghe, ni khng nghe. Ni khng trng, ni rng Ni khng trng Khng bit r rt, ni rng Khng bit r rt 6) T-khu c gii ng tn knh c 4 chi:

khng t v v thng. khng t v v ght. khng t v v si m. khng t v v s. 7) t i vi thy c 5 php: Phi ht lng thng yu thy. Phi ht lng tinh tn thc th. Phi ht lng h thn ti li. Phi ht lng tn trng thy. Phi ht lng nh tng thy. 8) Thy ng cho t nng ta c 7 php: Phi c tm bc i bnh ng. Phi c gii tinh nghim. ng cho tr tn trng. Phi nhn ni, khi tr bt bnh, bit ty c cm ho tr. Phi bit o l cao siu v bit ging gii theo sc tr. Phi ngn tr khng cho lm iu v ch ti li. Phi tm phng php ch dn tr cho mau tin ho. 9) Bc minh tu c 4 chi (pandit) l bc ng nng ta: Bit n ngi lm n mnh (katann). Bit lm cho mnh c trong sch (attasuddhi). Bit lm cho ngi c trong sch (para suddhi). T ngi t (sangaho). 10) Bc tnh gi (thin tr thc) c 7 chi: Bit nhn. Bit qu. Bit mnh. Bit tit . Bit th gi. Bit ni hi hp. Bit ngi.

Ba bc trn y (8, 9,.10) l hng ngi ng nng ta, thn cn th s c hng th 4 qu bu: Hng lm cho gii c tng tin cao thng. Hng lm cho nh c tng tin cao thng. Hng lm cho tu c tng tin cao thng. Hng lm cho s gii thot c tng tin cao thng. ---o0o--T-KHU C 7 PHP HNG PHM HNH THNG MN

Khng mong c li. Khng mong c danh gi . Khng ng chp. H thn ti li. Gh s ti li. Khng ganh t. Khng bn xn (ng thn cn). ---o0o--T-KHU C 7 PHP KHNG NG CHO HNG PHM HNH THNG MN.

mong c li. mong c danh gi . ng chp. khng thn ti li. khng gh s ti li. ganh t. bn rt (khng nn gn gi). ---o0o--SU C TNH CA K SI M Mong c ngi ca tng. Mong c ng u trong hng T-khu .

Mong c lm c trong cha . Mong c thin tn cng dng . Mong c a thch, vic ca k khc lm m ni l ca mnh . Mong c k khc di quyn mnh trong tt c mi vic. Nhng k c c tnh nh th l ngi hn h khng nn thn cn ---o0o--SU HNG XUT GIA xut gia ca ngi dt nt. Xut gia ca ngi hay gin. xut gia ca ngi chi gin. xut gia ca ngi thu gp ca ci. xut gia ca ngi nui sng. xut gia ca ngi mun c thot kh. (ch c hng ngi xut gia th 6 mi gi l chn chnh.).

--- o0o --Ht

Khng nn i n nh im, nh n b ga, nh gi li thi, b-np, ch t khu-ni, ch bn ru 2 . Tha thch ri khng bit i gi l "no lng". 3 . chi tc l iu kin 4 . Kinh tng hi hng n cc ng qu 5 . Sau khi kit h ri nhm ngy rm thng 9, ch T-khu nhm li t s ti li cho nhau gi l t t 6 . Ging c c 10 cch:.
1

1- Sithila (c hi nh). 2- Dhanita (c hi nng). 3- Rassa (c hi vn). 4- Dgha (c hi di). 5- Garu (c hi chm v nng). 6- Lahu (c hi l). 7- Sambndha (c lin tip). 8- Varatthita (c gin on). 9- Niggahita(c ngm ming). 10- Vomutta (c h ming ln hn mi ch).
7

L bc T-khu

. Tng ngi, v ngi bn mt o t u gi qua bn tri 1 hn, 1 gang. V ngi bn tri, o t u gi bn tri qua bn mt 1 hc, 1 gang

l th C tc gii, tu ln bc T-khu. . "nng" l da theo 11 . iu hc l iu m bc tu hnh phi hc tp 12 . cng gi l Bit bit gii thot gii 13 . Mi mt hng ngi khng th tu ln bc T-khu c l: - ngi bn nam bn n(b np). - ngi c c 2 b sanh trc kh - ngi gi tu hnh - ngi theo ngoi o - khng phi ngi (loi th). - ngi git cha - ngi git m - ngi git A la hn - ngi chch mu Pht - ngi chia r Tng - ngi hnh dm vi T-khu ni
9

10

14 15

do v A x l c trt tn Gii t, tn v Ho thng t , tn Tng. . do v A x l khng bch hi cc vt cn dng bn phn ca T-khu (nh y, bt...).
.

16

. do Tng khng s( t 5 v tr ln) chng nhn

.

kinh Ch gii c ni: T-khu bit dy hc Phn ng v li Ch gii c ti thuyt php hay, khi thuyt xong, c ngi hi: Ngi hc vi thy no? T-khu y du php danh ca thy, p: Chng c thy no c th dy c ta c, ta ch bit ni ta. 18 . Co v khng c thy tn mt, khng c nghe, khng c ngh trong tm. 19 . Co rng phm ti hnh dm 20 . 8 th nc: nht l nc xoi gi l ymaklika dng trong 1 ngy 1 m 21 . 5 th thuc: sa lng, sa c, ng, mt ong, du gi l satthaklika l vt c php dng trong 7 ngy 22 . ngoi vt thc v 2 th thuc trn gi l : yvajvika, vt c php dng cho n ht 23 . 14 nhm ngy 29 Vit Nam ( trong mi thng thiu). 24 . 15 nhm ngy rm v 30 Vit Nam, (trong mi thng ). 25 . ni v T-khu nhp h trc
17

26

. ni v T-khu nhp h trc