Code No: 07A50405

R07

Set No. 2

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations,June 2010 DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS Common to Electronics And Telematics, Electronics And Communication Engineering Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) State and Prove the sampling theorem for low pass signals. (b) A signal m (t) = 4 cos (500t) + 24 cos (120t) is sampled at 400Hz. If the cut o frequency of LPF is 275Hz. Determine the frequency components at output. [8+8] 2. A carrier system multiplexes 36 voice channels based on 8-bit PCM. The cut o frequency is 7 KHz and the signal is sampled at 8 KHz. No additional bits are added for synchronization. Calculate: (a) Duration of each bit (b) Resultant transmission rate (c) Minimum BW required.

3. (a) Explain how the residual eects of the channel are responsible for ISI? (b) What is the practical solution to obtain zero ISI? Explain.

4. Explain the working of an integrator and dump based signal receiver. Find its output signal to noise ratio. [16] 5. Consider a single error correcting code for 11 data bits (a) How many check bits are required? (b) Find a parity check matrix H for this code. [8+8]

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[8+8]

6. Consider a telegraph source having two symbols, dot and dash. The dot duration is 0.2s.The dash duration is 3 times the dot duration. the probability of the dots occurring is twice that of the dash, and the time between symbols is 0.2s.Calculate the information rate of the telegraph source. [16] 7. (a) A telephone channel has a bandwidth of 3000Hz and the SNR=20dB.determine the channel capacity (b) If the SNR is increased to 25db determine the increased capacity. [8+8]

8. A convolutional encoder has two shift registers two modulo-2 adders and an output multiplexer. The generator sequences of the encoder are as follows: g(1) =(1,0,1); g(2) =( 1,1, 1). Assuming a 5bit message sequence is transmitted. Using the state diagram nd the message sequence when the received sequence is (11,01,00,10,01,10,11,00,00,......) [16] 1

Code No: 07A50405

R07

Set No. 2

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Code No: 07A50405

R07

Set No. 4

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations,June 2010 DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS Common to Electronics And Telematics, Electronics And Communication Engineering Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. A DM system eciency is to be veried with a 1 KHz sinusoidal signal. 5V(peak) at the input. The signal is sampled at twice the Nyguist rate: Find:
(a) min

(b) PSD of granular noise (c) Average (S/Nq ) for reciever Band of 100 KHz.
2. (a) Compare FSK & PSK systems.

(b) Compare dierent m-ary techniques.

3. (a) A source emits one of 4 symbols s0 ,s1 ,s2 , s3 with probabilities 1/3,1/6,1/4,1/4 respectively. The successive symbols emitted by the source are statistically independent. Calculate the entropy of the source. (b) Prove that the entropy for a discrete source is a maximum when the output symbols are equally probable. [8+8] 4. A voice grade channel of the telephone network has a bandwidth of 3.4 kHz
(a) Calculate the channel capacity of the telephone channel for a signal to noise ratio of 30dB.

(b) Calculate the minimum signal to noise ratio required to support information transmission through the telephone channel at the rate of 4800bps [8+8] 5. A signal m(t) Band limited to 4 kHz is sampled at twice the Nyquist rate & its samples transmitting by PCM. An output SNR of 47 dB is required: (a) Find N and minimum value of Si/Ni of operation is to be above Threshold (b) Calculate minimum system Band width required and nd signalling rate needed to achieve the given output SNR. [4+4+4+4] 6. Consider 1/2 convolution encoder. In which two bits at a time are shifted into it and four output bits are generated. The generators are g(1) =(1, 0,1,0) = g(2) =(0, 1, 0,1), g(3) =(1, 1, 1,0), g(4) =(1, 0, 0,1). Draw the block diagram of the encoder. Draw the code tree for this encoder. [16]
7. Consider a (7,4) cyclic code with g(x)=1 + x + x3

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[8+8]

(a) Find all code words 3

Code No: 07A50405

R07

Set No. 4
[8+8]

(b) If the received sequence is (1 1 1 0 0 1 1) nd the data word sent.

8. (a) What is a correlator? Show that the performance of the correlator and matched lter is identical? (b) Compare probability of error for dierent schemes. [8+8]

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Code No: 07A50405

R07

Set No. 1

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations,June 2010 DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS Common to Electronics And Telematics, Electronics And Communication Engineering Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. Draw the block diagram of DPCM transmiter and receiver. 2. Bring out the comparision between MSK and QPSK.

[16]

3. A convolutional encoder has two shift registers two modulo-2 adders and an output multiplexer. The generator sequence s of the encoder are as follows: g(1) =(1,1,0); g(2) =( 0,1, 1).Draw the block diagram of the encoder. Find the encoder output produced by the message sequence 1011101. [16] 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 4. The generator matrix for a linear binary code is G= 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 (a) Express G in systematic [I P] form .

(b) Determine the parity check matrix H for the code. (c) Construct the table of syndromes for the code. 5. (a) Write about the following [16]

(b) Consider an AWGN channel with 4 kHz bandwidth and the noise power spectral density 10 -12 W/Hz. The signal power required at the receiver is 0.1 mW. Calculate the capacity of this channel. [8+8] 6. With a neat block diagram explain non-coherent detection of ASK receiver and hence derive the expression for probability of error. P e = 1/2 exp [A2 /8N o] ; if A2 No [16]

i. ii. iii. iv.

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xed length codes variable length codes distinct codes prex free codes

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7. A DMS has an alphabet of eight letters, Xi , i=1,2,3,,8, with probabilities 0.36, 0.14, 0.13, 0.12, 0.1, 0.09, 0.04, 0.02. (a) Determine the average number of binary digits per source letter (b) Determine the entropy of the source. 8. For a DM system, signal sampled at 76 KHz and Amax = 4 5 [16]

Code No: 07A50405

R07

Set No. 1

(a) Assuming that the signal is sinusoidal determine output signal power & SNR. (b) Determine the minimum transmission Band width? Derive the relations. [16]

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Code No: 07A50405

R07

Set No. 3

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations,June 2010 DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS Common to Electronics And Telematics, Electronics And Communication Engineering Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. Construct the state diagram for the following encoder. Starting with all zero state,trace the path that correspond to the message sequence 1011101. Given convolutional encoer has a single shift register with two stages,(K=3) three modulo-2 adders and an output multiplexer. The generator sequence s of the encoder are as follows. g(1) =(1, 0, 1) ; g(2) =(1, 1, 0),g(3) =(1,1,1). [16] 1 0 1 1 0 0 2. (a) A parity-check code has the parity-check matrix H= 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 (b) Determine the generator matrix (c) Find all the code words.

(d) Suppose that the received word is 110110, decode this received word. 3. A DMS has an alphabet of eight letters, Xi ,i=1,2,3,,8, with probabilities 0.25,0.2,0.15,0.12,0.1,0.08,0.05,0.05.

(a) Use the Shannon fano encoding procedure to determine a binary code for the source output. (b) determine the average number of binary digits per source letter. (c) determine the entropy of the source.

4. For an Dm system, signal m(t) is samped at 96 KHz with the Amax to be unity nd: (a) min to avoid slope overload error (b) Granular noise power, if BW = 9 KHz (Derive relations used). 5. Prove
(SN R)i/p (SN R)o/p

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[16]

[16]

= BT rb for a matched lter? [16]

Where BT = Noise Band width; rb = bit rate.

6. A discrete memory less source has 4 symbols X1 , X2 , X2 ,X3 and with probabilities 0.4,0.3,0.2 and 0.1 respectively. Find the amount of information contained in the message X1 , X2 ,X3 X1 and X2 ,X3 X2 ,X3 [16] 7. Assume that 4800 bits/sec random data are sent over band pass channal by using the following schemes: 7

Code No: 07A50405 (a) BFSK (b) FSK

R07

Set No. 3

Find the Transmission BW such that the spectral envelope is down atleast outside this band? Compare the result. [16] 8. m(t) is Band limited to 7 KHz and sampled at thrice the Nyquist rate and the samples transmitted by PCM. Output SNR = 69 dB is maintained. Find: (a) Minimum s/n for the operation to be valied (b) Minimum system Bandwidth required (c) Signalling rate to get the required o/p SNR (d) Calculate N.

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[16]