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GII P THC MC V CC CU TRC NGHIM VT L LUYN THI I HC
Thc mc 8:
Cu 21/ 5: Trn mt si dy AB c sng dng, trn dy c 2 im M, N cch nhau 3 cm. Bit M, N l 2
im gn nhau nht dao ng cng pha vi cng bin bng na bin dao ng ca bng sng. Tm
bc sng trn dy?
Bi gii
Bin dao ng ca mt im M (cch nt sng on x) trn dy khi c sng dng l
2x
Ax = Abng|sin
|

A bung
2x
1
Theo bi: Ax =
|sin
|=
(*)

2
2
Xt hai im M, N cch nt sng gn nht on x1 v x2. V hai im M, N dao ng cng pha v gn nhau
nht nn M, N phi nm trn cng mt b sng.

2x
V hai nt sng lin tip cch nhau on
nn 0 <
< . (**)
2

2x1
2x 2 5

5
Hai nghim ca (*) tha (**) l
=
v
=
x1 =
v x2 =
.

6
12
12
Hai im M, N cch nhau 3 cm x2 x1 = 3 cm.
5

= 3 cm = 3 cm = 9 cm.
12 12
3
Thc mc 9:
Cu 5 ( 6): t in p xoay chiu c in p hiu dng U = 200 V, tn s f khng i vo hai u on mch
RLC khng phn nhnh (trong R l bin tr, L l cun cm thun, C l t in). Ban u iu chnh R n gi tr
R1 th o c in p hiu dng hai u L v hai u C ln lt l 180 V v 60 V. iu chnh R n gi tr R2 th
in p hiu dng hai u L l 240 V. T s
A.

4
.
3

B.

R1
l
R2

3
.
4

C.

16
.
9

Tr li
U = 200 V (khng i), f khng i ZL v ZC u khng i.
U L1 Z L 180
=
=
= 3 (1)
* Khi R = R1: UL1 = 180 V; UC1 = 60 V
U C1 ZC 60
2
+ (U L1 U C1 ) 2 UR1 = R1.I1 = 160 V (2)
v v U 2 = U R1

Ta cng nhn thy: UL1 = ZL.I1 = 180 V (3)

* Khi R = R2: UL2 = 240 V
U L2 ZL 180
=
=
= 3 UC2 = U L2 = 80 V.
V
U C2 ZC 60
3
v v U 2 = U R2 2 + (U L2 U C2 ) 2 UR2 = R2.I2 = 120 V (4)
Ta cng nhn thy: UL2 = ZL.I2 = 120 V (5)
I 2 120 3
=
= (6)
T (3) v (5) suy c:
I1 160 4
T (2) v (4) suy c:

R 2 I 2 120 3
=
=
(7)
R 1I1 160 4

D.

9
.
16

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T (6) v (7)

R 1 16
=
R2 9

Cu hi th nht ca em:
Hy ch rng li , vn tc, gia tc trong dao ng iu ha u l cc i lng i s (c th m, dng hoc
bng 0) ch khng phi l i lng lun dng.
V th,
khi vt i t v tr cn bng ra bin dng th vn tc gim dn (t v = A xung v = 0).
khi vt i t v tr cn bng ra bin m th vn tc tng dn (t v = - A ln v = 0).
Vy: Ni khi vt i t v tr cn bng ra bin vn tc gim dn l sai. Nhng nu ni ln vn tc gim dn th
li ng.
v tr cn bng th th nng bng 0, v tr bin th th nng cc i vy ni vt i t v tr cn bng ra bin
th th nng tng dn l ng.
Thc mc 10:
Cu 32: Urani

238
92

U sau nhiu ln phng x v bin thnh

206
82

Pb . Bit chu k bn r ca s bin i ny l T.

Gi s ban u c mt mu qung urani nguyn cht. Nu hin nay, trong mu qung ny ngi ta thy c 10 nguyn
t urani th c 2 nguyn t ch. Tui ca mu qung ny tnh theo T l
A. t =

ln1, 25
T.
ln 2

B. t =

ln 2
T.
ln 6

C. t =

ln1, 2
T.
ln 2

D. t =

ln 6
T.
ln 2

Cu 38: Thc hin th nghim Y-ng vi mt nh sng n sc. B rng ca mn hng vn l L, gia mn lun
lun l vn sng bc 0. Khi khong cch t hai khe n mn l D th trn mn hng vn c tng cng 17 vn sng, ti
mi ra ca mn l mt vn sng. Nu tng khong cch t hai khe n mn thm 25% so vi ban u th trn mn c
tng cng bao nhiu vn sng?
A. 13 vn sng.
B. 19 vn sng.
C. 21 vn sng.
D. 25 vn sng.
Cu 37: Ha tinh (Sao Ha) chuyn ng quanh Mt Tri trn qu o trn c bn knh bng 1,52 n v thin vn.
Bit bn knh qu o ca Tri t bng 150 triu km; vn tc nh sng trong chn khng bng 300000 km/s. Thi
gian ngn nht m sng v tuyn truyn t Tri t n Ha tinh l
A. 160 s.
B. 260 s.
C. 360 s.
D. 460 s.
Tr li:
Linh thn mn,
Cc bi ny khng kh lm, ch xem Thy gii thch nh:
Cu 32:
Gi s nguyn t urani lc u l No, s nguyn t urani hin nay l N.
Mi nguyn t urani b phn r th c mt nguyn t ch c to thnh. V th:
NPb = No N (1)

N
10
N
=
= 5 NPb =
(2)
N Pb 2
5
Th (2) vo (1): No = 1, 2N
Theo bi:

M N=

No
t

2T

. Gii ra c kt qu C.

Cu 38:
- Lc u: Trn mn c tng cng 17 vn sng, vy vn sng ra mn l vn sng th 8
Vy

L
D
= 8, 0 L = 16i = 16
(1)
2i
a

- Lc sau, D tng ln 25% ngha l D = 1,25.D th khong vn l i.

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L
D '
.(1, 25)D
= n ' L = 2ni = 2n
= 2n
(2)
2i '
a
a
T (1) v (2) tnh c: n = 6,4. Vy trn mn c tng cng (6.2) + 1 = 13 vn sng.
Cu 37:
Tri t cch Mt Tri mt on bng 1 n v thin vn.
Vy, khong cch gn nht t Sao Ha n Tri t l s = 0,52 n v thin vn = 0,52.150 triu km.
Sng v tuyn l sng in t khi truyn trong chn khng th c vn tc l c = 300000 km/s.
Thi gian ngn nht m sng v tuyn truyn t T n Sao Ha l t =

s
= 260 s.
v

Thc mc 11:
Cu 72: Mch in R, L, C ni tip mc vo hiu in th u =200 2 sin2 ft V . Bit R = 80 , L thun cm, L
v C u khng i. Khi thay i f thy c hai gi tr ca f l f1 = 180 Hz v f2 = 20 Hz th dng in qua mch c
cng gi tr hiu dng 2 A.
72.1 Gi tr ca C l
A.

3.10 2
F
8

B.

10 2
F
8

C.

10 2
F
27

D.

10 2
F
4

B.

1
H
48

C.

3
H
16

D.

3
H
20

72.2 Gi tr ca L l
A.

1
H
54

Tr li:
Tng tr ca mch in l Z =

U
= 100
I

V Z 2 = R 2 + ( Z L Z C ) 2 nn tnh c ZL ZC = 60
1
- tn s f1 = 180 Hz (l tn s ln hn) 1 = 2 f1 th 1L C = 60 (1)
1

1
- tn s f2 = 20 Hz (l tn s nh hn) 2 = 2 f2 th 2 L C = 60 (2)
2

T (1) v (2) 1 L

1
1
2 L
=
1C 2C

1
Suy ra: LC 1. 2 = 1 2 L = C (3)
1

Thay (3) vo (1) tnh c: L =

60
60
60
3
=
=
=
H
1 2 360 40 320 16

Gii tm C theo cch tng t

-- HT --