THI GIA K Mn C s hon tt vt liu dt Ngy thi 28/10/2010 Thi gian 45 pht Khng tham kho ti liu Cu 1.

K tn cc lp thuc nhum theo phn lp k thut v c im chnh ca tng lp. (5 im) Cu 2. Nu li ch v nhc im ca Pantone mu. (2,5 im) Cu 3 Nu nh hng ca nc cng trong ngnh nhum. (2,5 im)

P N Cu 1. K tn cc lp thuc nhum theo phn lp k thut v c im chnh ca tng lp. a-Thuc nhum baz cation. Thuc nhum tan, c ion mang mu l cation. Mu rt ti, nh nhng km bn. Ch yu nhum giy. Thuc nhum cation nhum x poly Acrylonitrin (PAN) cho mu bn v ti. b- Thuc nhum axit C phn t nh, d tan trong nc, mu ti. Dng ch yu nhum len, t tm, polyamit trong mi trng axit. c- Thuc nhum cm mu v thuc nhum phc kim loi Thuc nhum cm mu: Tan trong nc, cho mu khng bn. nhn c mu bn th sau khi nhum phi gia cng vi cc mui kim loi to thnh phc bn. Dng ch yu nhum x cotton. Thuc nhum c ti mu trung bnh, gam mu y . bn mu kh. Quy trnh nhum phin phc. Thuc nhum phc kim loi: L thuc nhum cm mu c to phc sn vi kim loi to thun li cho nhum. C hai dng chnh l phc 1: 1 v phc 2: 1. d-Thuc nhum trc tip L thuc nhum tan trong nc. Nhum cho cc ch phm t x bng, vixco, t tm hoc polyamit. c im: gam mu, mu khng ti. bn mu t trung bnh n km. e-Thuc nhum lu ha L thuc nhum trong phn t cha nhiu nguyn t lu hunh, khng tan trong nc. Ch yu nhum x Cotton. c im: Mu khng ti, di mu hn ch, khi nhum gy c hi cho mi trng sn xut. Chi ph sn xut thp. f-Thuc nhum hon nguyn L thuc nhum khng tan trong nc. Khi nhum cn thc hin trong mi trng kim kh. C 2 nhm: Hon nguyn khng tan v hon nguyn tan. Hon nguyn tan ch yu dng trong in hoa. c im: Mu ti, gam mu v bn mu git gi cao. bn mu ma st trung bnh. Ch yu nhum cho x Cotton. Kh chnh mu, kh nhum. Thuc nhm thuc nhum cao cp g-Thuc nhum Azo khng tan (naftol/lnh/) L thuc nhum monoazo, c tng hp trc tip trn v i. Khi cp hai cu t ln vi phi thc hin nhi t thp (dng nc lm lnh). Ch yu nhum x Cotton. c im: Mu khng ti lm, gam mu khng phong ph bng nh ng lp thuc nhum khc. bn mu kh. h-Thuc nhum hot tnh L thuc nhum tan trong nc. Khi nhum, n lin kt vi x bng mi lin kt ha tr. Thuc nhum hot tnh c dng nhum x Cell, len, t tm, mt s t dng nhum cho polyamit. c im: C gam mu. Mu ti. bn mu kh. Thuc hot tnh ngy cng c a dng rng ri. i-Thuc nhum phn tn. Thuc nhum khng tan trong nc, phn t nh, c dng bt mn, phn tn cao. Dng nhum x gt nc nh axetat, polyamit v polyester. Nhum theo c ch ha tan trong dung dch rn. c im: C gam mu. Mu ti. bn mu git cao vi iu kin git ng, bn mu nh sng trung bnh. Cn lu bn mu thng

hoa. D b cht h mm lm thi mu, dy mu. k- Pigment Pigment l cc ht mu kch thc nh c micronmet. Sn phm trn th trng thng dng bt nho c cha cht phn tn, ph gia. gn thuc nhum trn x phi dng cht gn mu (fixer). Pigment c th l ht mu v c hoc hu c, pigment cho ngnh dt thng l pigment hu c. Sn xut chnh cho in hoa. l- Cht tng trng quang hc L mt dng thuc nhum c bit thuc nhum trng. Khi nm trn x si, di nh sng t ngoi n c kh nng hp th tia t ngoi ri pht ra cc tia sng kh kin vng tm. Cc tia ny kt hp vi pht mu trn vi to cho ta cm gic vi trng hn. Vi cc loi cht liu khc nhau c loi cht tng trng khc nhau. bn trng ni chung khng cao, c bit bn nh sng. bn git trung bnh n thp, c kh nng dy dnh. Cu 2. nu li ch v nhc im ca Pantone mu Li ch: D hiu v d dng. L mu thc d quan st. l cch tng i nhanh v r m t v truyn thng v mu. Nhc im: Gi thnh cao. S lng bn mu b gii hn bi gi thnh v kch thc. Mu ca tm mu b phai theo thi gian. Cm nhn mu ca cc tm mu cn ph thuc vo iu kin quan st. Ch c c mt s gii hn mu. Mt ngi c th phn bit khong 5 triu mu, nhng ch mt phn nh trong c mt trong atlas. Khng d tm ra tm mu c mu ging mu. Mu nm gia hai chip l rt nhiu nhng coi nh l ging nhau v thuc v mt trong hai chip lin k. Cu 3 Nu nh hng ca nc cng trong ngnh nhum. Lm x phng v mt s cht h..b.m mang ion b kt ta, gim hiu lc. Kt ta dnh vo vi ngn khng cho thuc nhum thm su vo vi lm cho mu khng nh, km bn, khng u. Gim hot ca enzyme. Gim hiu lc ca axit, Gim ha tan ca cht h, gy ng t h in. Lm kt ta thuc nhum (loi thuc nhum tan). Gy hi cho ha cht hon tt. Gy cn bm trn thnh l hi lm gim hiu sut truyn nhit.