Trng i hc s phm k thut Hng Yn

Khoa in in T

Thuyt minh n
ti:
thanh.

Thit k va thi cng mach o in p mt chiu, hin thi Led 7

Page 1

NHN XT CA GIO VIN

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Hng Yn, Ngy. thng .... nm 2011

Gio vin hng dn

Page 2

MC LC
PHN I : M U........................................................................................................4
I.1 LI M U......................................................................4
I.2 NHIM V TI................................................................................5
I.3 MC CH V YU CU CA N.................................................................6
PHN II:L THUYT LIN QUAN.....................................................................................7
II.1 CC LINH KN S DNG TRONG MCH.......................................................7
II.2. CC C IM CA H VI S L 89C51......................................................7
II.3.NGUYN L CA MT S LINH KN TRONG VIC DO
LNG...18

II.3.1. CHIP

ADC0804.....18
II.3.2 CU TRC NG M HIN TH D LIU TRN LED 7 THANH.22
II.4 CC LINH KN KHC.25
PHN III: CC PHNG N THIT K V M PHNG....26
III.1 PHNG N 1.....................................................................................................26
III.2 PHNG N 2 ... ..34
PHN IV: THIT K MCH.......32
IV.1 S NGUYN L...32
IV.2 S MCH IN.
34
IV.4 CHNG TRNH IU KHIN..36
PHN V: NH GI SN PHM V M RNG TI.....38
PHN VI: KT LUN V KIN NGH......40

Page 3

PHN I: M U
I.1.Li m u
Ngy nay cng vi s tin b ca khoa hc k thut, c bit l ngnh K thut
in t. i sng x hi ngy cng pht trin cao da trn nhng ng dng ca khoa
hc vo i sng. V vy m nhng cng ngh in t mang tnh t ng ngy cng
c ng dng rng ri. Trong c s ng gp khng nh ca k thut vi iu
khin. Cc b vi iu khin ang c ng dng rng ri v thm nhp ngy cng
nhiu trong cc lnh vc k thut v i sng x hi. Hu ht l cc thit b c iu
khin t ng t cc thit b vn phng cho n cc thit b trong gia nh u dng cc
b vi iu khin nhm em li s tin ghi cho con ngi trong thi i cng nghip
ho, hin i ho.
in p l mt i lng rt quan trng trong k thut inin t, mn iu khin
mt thit b hay mt linh kin in t no ta phi quan tm n in p iu khin
n u tin. Th trng sn xut ra loi ng h c ,tuy c th o in p nhng ko
thc s chnh xc, do vy vic ch to ra mt loi thit b o c chnh xc cao l rt
cn thit.
Sau thi gian hc tp rn luyn ti trng i hc S phm K thut Hng Yn,
chuyn ngnh K thut in t, c s ng y cua thy Thnh Hiu nhom chung
em tin hanh thc hin n chuyn ngnh: Thit k va thi cng mach o in p
mt chiu, hin thi Led 7 thanh.
Vi mong mun p ng c yu cu t ra trong vic nghin cu, o lng v in
p mt chiu. T c th iu khin v s l in mt cch chnh xc hn.

Page 4

I.2.Nhim v ca ti
Tn ti: Thit k va thi cng mach o in p mt chiu, hin thi
Led 7 thanh
1. D liu cho trc
1.

Cc ti liu tham kho, ti liu chuyn mn.

2.

Trang thit b, my mc ti xng thc tp.

3.

Cac chip vi iu khin thuc ho 8051.

2. Ni dung cn hon thnh

- Phn li thuyt:
1.

Tnh cp thit ca ti.

2.

Gii thiu chung v vi iu khin.

3.

Thit k mach iu khin.

4.

Lp lu thut toan va vit chng trinh iu khin.

5.

Quyn thuyt minh v cc bn v m t y ni dung ca ti.

- San phm:
1. Hoat ng chinh xac va n inh.
2. at yu cu ki thut va my thut.

Page 5

I.3 Mc ch, yu cu ca n:
-Mc ch: to c thit b o in p c chnh xc cao
-S khi mch o in p:

Ngun
Khi
Khi
Khi
in p
s
ADC
hin th
l o
AT89c5
1

PHN II: L THUYT LIN QUAN

Page 6

II.1. Cc linh kin s dng trong mch

- S dng vi iu khin h 8051.
-ADC 0804
- Hin th bng led 7 on
II.2.Cc c im ca h vi s l 89C51
Vi iu khin (VK) l mt h vi x l c t chc trong mt chp. N bao gm:
+ B vi x l
+ C 40 chn
+ 4 kbyte ROM. 1, c th ghi xo c 1000 ln
+ 4 kbyte EPROM.
+ Di tn s hot ng t 0MHz n 24Mhz
+ C 4 port xut nhp (I/O) 8 bit
+ C 128 byte RAM
+ 2 b nh thi 16 bit
+ Mch giao tip ni tip
+ Khng gian nh chng trnh (m) ngoi 64k byte.
+ Khng gian nh Data ngoi 64k byte.
+ B x l bit thao tc trn cc bit ring.
+ 210 v tr nh nh a ch, mi v tr mt bit.
+ Cc thanh ghi chc nng, c ch iu khin ngt .
+ Cc b thi gian dng trong limh vc chia tn s v to thi gian thc.
+ C th lp trnh c qua cng ni tip
+ B vi iu khin c th lp chng trnh iu khin cc thit b thng tin,
vin thng thit b o lng,thit b iu chnh cng nhuu cc ng dng trong cng
ngh thong tin v k thut iu khin t ng. c th xem b VK nh mt h VXL
on-chp i vi AT89C51, n c y chc nng ca mt h VXL 8 bit, c iu
khin bi mt h lnh, c s lnh mnh, cho php lp trnh bng hp ng
(Assemply).

Page 7

C bn v cu to ca AT89C51

Hnh1.1 : S chn ca 89C51

Page 8

Hnh 1.2 : S khi ca 89C51

Page 9

+ GND(chn 20): Chn ni vi 0v

+ potr 0(chn 32 chn 29)
port 0 l port xut nhp 8 bit hai chiu. Port 0 cn c cu hnh lm bus a
ch( byte thp) v bus d liu a hp trong khi truy xut b nh d liu ngoi v b
nh chng trnh ngoi. Port cng nhn cc byte m trong khi lp trnh cho. Flash v
xut cc byte m trong khi kim tra chng trnh ( cc in tr ko ln bn ngoi c
cn n trong khi kim tra chng trnh).
+ Port 1( chn 1- 8): port 1 l port xut nhp 8 bit hai chiu. Port1 cng nhn byte
a ch thp trong thi gian lp trnh cho Flash.
+ Port 2 ( chn 21 28): Port 2 l port xut nhp 8 bit hai chiu. Port 2 to ra cc
byte cao ca bus a ch trong thi gian tm np lnh t b nh chng trnh ngoi v
trong thi gian truy xut b nh d liu ngoi, s dng cc a ch 16 bit. Trong thi
gian truy xut b nh d liu ngoi s dng cc a ch 8 bit, port 2 pht cc ni dung
ca cc thanh ghi c bit, port 2 cng nhn cc bits a ch cao v vi tn hiu iu
khin trong thi gian lp trnh cho Flash v kim tra chng trnh.
+ Port 3 ( chn 10- 17): Port 3 cng nhn mt vi tn hiu iu khin cho vic lp
trnh Flash v kim tra chng trnh. Port 3 l port xut nhp 8 bit hai chiu, port 3
cng cn lm cc chc nng khc ca AT89C51. cc chc nng ny c nu nh sau:
Chn
P3.0
P3.1
P3.2
P3.3
P3.4
P3.5
P3.6
P3.7

Tn
RxD
TxD
INT0
INT1
T0
T1
WR
RD

Chc nng
Ng vo port ni tip
Ng ra port ni tip
Ng vo ngt ngoi 0
Ng vo ngt ngoi 1
Ng vo bn ngoi ca b nh thi 1
Ng vo bn ngoi ca b nh thi 0
iu khin ghi b nh d liu ngoi
iu khin c b nh d liu ngoi

+ RST ( chn 9)
Ng vo reset. Mc cao trn chn ny trong hai chu k my trong khi b dao ng
ang hot ng s reset AT89C51
+ ALE/PROG( chn 30)
ALE l mt xung ng ra cht byte thp ca a ch trong khi xut b nh ngoi.
Chn ny cng lm ng vo chn lp trnh (PROG) trong thi gian lp trnh cho Flash.
Khi hot ng bnh thng xung ng ra lun c tn s khng i l 1/6 tn s ca
mch dao ng, c th c dng cho cc mc ch nh thi bn ngoi. Khi cn, hot

Page 10

ng chn ALE c th c v hiu ho bng cch set bit 0 ca thanh ghi chc nng
c bit c a ch 8Eh. Khi bit ny c set, ALE ch tch cc trong thi gian thc hin
lnh MOVX hoc MOVC. Ngc li chn ny s c ko ln cao. Vic set bit khng
cho php hot ng cht byte thp ca a ch s khng c tc dng nu b vi iu
khin ang ch thc thi chng trnh ngoi.
+ PSEN(chn 29): PSEN (program Store Enable) l xung iu khin truy xut
chng trnh ngoi. Khi AT89C51 ang thc thi chng trnh t b nh chng trnh
ngoi, PSEN c kch hot hai ln mi chu k my, nhng hai hot ng PSEN s b
b qua mi khi truy cp b nh d liu ngoi.
+ EA vpp(chn 31): L chn cho php truy xut b nh chng trnh ngoi ( a ch
t 0000h ti ffffh). EA = 0 cho php truy xut b nh chng trnh ngoi, ngc li EA
= 1 s thc thi chng trnh bn trong chip. Tuy nhin, lu rng nu bt kho 1 c
lp trnh EA c cht bn trong khi reset
+ XTAL1& XTAL2: L hai ng vo ra ca hai b khuych i o ca mch dao
ng, c cu hnh dng nh mt b to dao ng trn chip

Hnh1.3: B to dao ng

2.T chc b nh ca 89C51

Page 11

7F
RAM A DNG
30
2F
2E
2D
2C
2B
2A
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
1F

7F
77
6F
67
5F
57
4F
47
3F
37
2F
27
1F
17
0F
07

7E
76
6E
66
5E
56
4E
46
3E
36
2E
26
1E
16
0E
06

7D
75
6D
65
5D
55
4D
45
3D
35
2D
25
1D
15
0D
05

7C
74
6C
64
5C
54
4C
44
3C
34
2C
24
1C
14
0C
04

7B
73
6B
63
5B
53
4B
43
3B
33
2B
23
1B
13
0B
03

7A
72
6A
62
5A
52
4A
42
3A
32
2A
22
1A
12
0A
02

79
71
69
61
59
51
49
41
39
31
29
21
19
11
09
01

78
70
68
60
58
50
48
40
38
30
28
20
18
10
08
00

BANK 3
18
17
BANK 2
10
0F
BANK 1
08
07
Bank thanh ghi 0 ( mc nh cho R0-R7)
00

CU TRC RAM NI

Page 12

B nh bn trong chip bao gm ROM, RAM va EPROM. RAM trn chip bao gm
vng RAM a chc nng, vng RAM vi tng bit c nh a ch, cc dy thanh ghi
(bank) v cc thanh ghi chc nng c bit.
C 2 c tnh ng lu :
+ Cc thanh ghi v cc port I/O c nh a chtheo kiu nh x b nh v
c truy xut nh mt v tr nh trong b nh.
+ Vng track thng tr trong RAM trn chip thay v trong RAM ngoi nh
i vi cc b vi x l.

Vng RAM a mc ch: C 80 byte, a ch t 30H n 7FH

Bt c v tr no trong vng RAM ta u c th truy xut t do bng cch s dng nh
a ch trc tip hoc gin tip.
V d:
+ Kiu nh a ch trc tip:
MOV A,5FH ;c ni dung ti a ch 5FH ca RAM
+ Kiu nh a ch gin tip: (Qua cc thanh ghi R0,R1)
MOV R0,#5FH ; Di chuyn gi tr5FH vo thanh ghi R0
MOV A,@R0 ; Di chuyn d liu tr ti R0 v thanh cha A
Vng RAM nh a ch:
Chip 8951 cha 210 v tr nh a ch in c 128 byte cha trong cc byte a
ch 20H n 2FH (16 byte x 8 = 128 bits), phn cn li cha trong cc thanh ghi chc
nng c bit.
Cng dng: + Truy xut cc bit ring r thng qua cc phn mn.
+ Cc port c th ng a ch tng bit, lm n gin vic giao tip
bng phn mn vi cc thit b xut nhp n bit.
V d: + Set bit trc tip:
SETB 67H; lnh lm nhim v set bit 67H bng 1
+ Hoc ta c th s dng lnh sau set bt 67H l bit ln nht ca byte
2CH:
ORL A,#10000000B ;Tc dung set bit
Cc thanh ghi chc nng c bit (SFR)
Khng phi tt c 128 a ch t 80H n FFH u c nh ngha m chit c
21 a ch c nh ngha.
Cc thanh ghi chc nng c bit bao gm:
+ T trng thi chng trnh PSW: c a ch l D0H
+ Thanh ghi B: C a ch F0Hc dng chung vi thanh cha A trong cc php
ton nhn v chia.

Page 13

+ Con tr Stack (SP) : l thanh ghi 8 bit a ch 81H, n cha a ch ca d liu

hin ang nh ca stack.
+ Con tr d liu DPTR:
Dng truy xut b nh chng trnh ngoi hoc b nh d liu ngoi.
DPTR l thanh ghi 16 bit c a ch 82H (byte thp ) v 83H (byte cao).
V d:
MOV A,#55H ;Np hng d liu 55H v thanh cha A
MOV DPTR,%1000 ;Np hng a ch 16 bit 1000H cho
; con tr DPTR
MOV @DPTR,A ; Chuyn d liu t A vao RAM ngoi
; tai a ch DPTR tr ti.
+Cc thanh ghi port:
- Port 0 : a ch 80H
- Port 1 : a ch 90H
- Port 2 : a ch A0H
- Port 3 : a ch B0H
+ Cc thanh ghi nh thi:
IC 8951 c 2 b nh thi/m dng nh khong thi gian hoc m cc s
kin.
- B nh thi 0: a ch 8AH (TL0 ) va 8CH (TH0)
- B nh thi 1: a ch 8bH (TL1 ) va 8DH (TH1)
Hot ng ca b nh thi c thit lpbi thanh ghi ch nh thi TMOD
a ch 89H v thanh ghi iu khin b nh thi TCON a ch 88H (ch c TCON
c nh a ch tng bit)
+ Cc thanh ghi ca port ni tip: Chip 8951 c 1 port ni tip truyn thng vi
cc thit b nh cc thit b u cui hoc model...
+ Cc thanh ghi ngt: c mt cu trc ngt vi 2 mc u tin v 5 nguyn nhn
ngt. Cc ngt b v hiu ho sau khi Reset h thng v c php bng cch vo thanh
ghi IE a chA8H. Mc u tin ngt c thit lp bit thanh ghi IP a ch B8H.
+ Thanh ghi iu khin ngun: PCON c a ch 87H
3. Tm tt tp lnh .
Thng qua vic kho st cc kiu nh a ch v cc v d trn cc tnh hung lp
trnh in hnh chng ta tip cn tp lnh ca h MCS-51.
a.Cc kiu nh a ch.
C 8 kiu nh a ch :
+ Thanh ghi.:
VD: MOV PSW,#00011000B

Page 14

+ Trc tip :
VD: MOV P1, A
+ Gin tip:
VD: MOV A,@R0
+ Tc thi:
VD: MOV A, #54
+ Tng i:
VD: SJMP THREE :Nhy n nhn THREE
+ Tuyt i:
VD: AJMP THREE
+ Di:
+ Ch s.
VD: JMP @A+DPTR
b. Cc loi lnh:
C 5 nhm lnh:
+ Nhm lnh s hc.
ADD A , ngun: Cng ton hng ngun vo A
ADD A, #data : Cng d liu data vi A
ADDC A,ngun: Cng ngun vi A v c nh.
ADDC A,#data : Cng d liu data vi A v c nh.
SUBB A, ngun: Tr A vi ngun
SUBB A,#data : Tr A vi data
INC A
: Tng ni dung thanh ghi A ln 1
DEC A
: Gim ni dung thanh ghi A ln 1
INC DPTR
: Tng DPTR
MUL AB
: Nhn ni dung thanh ghi A v B
DIV
AB
: Chia A cho B
DA
A
: Hiu chnh thp phn thanh ghi A
+ Nhm lnh Logic.
ANL A, ngun
AND
ANL A, #data
ANL direct,A
ANL direct , #data
ORL A, ngun
OR
ORL A, #data
ORL direct,A
ORL direct , #data

Page 15

XRL A, ngun
OR
XRL A, #data
XRL direct,A
XRL direct , #data
CLR A
Xo A
CPL A
Ly b A
RL A
Quay tri A
RLC A K c c nh
RR A
Quay phi A
RRC A K c c nh
SWAP A Hon i 2 na 4 bit
+Nhm lnh di chuyn d liu
MOV A, ngun
Di chuyn ton hng ngung n ch
MOV A, # data
MOV dest , A
MOV dest, #data
MOV DPTR,#data16
MOVC A,@A+DPTR Di chuyn t b nh chng trnh
MOVC A,#A+PC
MOVX A,@Ri
MOVX A,@DPTR
MOVX @Ri,A
MOVX @DPTR,A
PUSH direct
Ct vo Stack
POP direct
Ly ra t Stack
XCH A,source
Trao i cc byte
XCHD A,@Ri
Trao i cc digit thp
+ Nhm lnh x l bit.
CLR C xo bit
CLR bit
SETB C
SETB bit
CPL C
CPL bit
ANL C, bit
AND
ANL C ,/bit AND NOT bit vi C

Page 16

ORL C, bit
ORL C, /bit
MOV C,bit
MOV bit, C
JC rel Nhy n Rel nu C=1
JNC rel Nhy n Rel nu C=0
JB bit, rel Nhy nu bit bng 1
JNB bit, rel Nhy nu bit =0
JBC bit , rel Nhy nu bit =1 ri xo bit
+Nhm lnh r nhnh.
ACALL addr11 Gi chng trnh con
LCALL addr16
RET
Quay v t chng trnh con
RETI
Quay v t chng trnh ngt
AJMP addr11
Nhy
LJMP addr16
SJMP rel
JMP @ A+DPTR
JZ rel
Nhy nu A=0
JNZ rel
Nhy nu A <>0
CJNE A,direct, rel So snh v nhy
CJNE #data, rel
CJNE Rn,#data, rel
CJNE @ Ri,# data, rel
DJNZ Rn, rel
Gim v nhy nu khc 0
DJNZ direct, rel
NOP
Khng lm g

II.3.Nguyn l mt s linh kin phc v cho vic o lng.

II.3.1. Chip ADC 0804
Chp ADC 0804 l b chuyn i tng t sang s trong h cc lot ADC 0800 t
hng National Semiconductor. N cng c nhiu hng khc sn xut, lm vic vi
+5V v c phn gii l 8 bt. Ngoi phn gii th thi gian chuyn i cng l mt
yu t quan trng khc khi nh gi mt b ADC. Thi gian chuyn i c nh
ngha nh l thi gian m b ADC cn chuyn mt u vo tng t thnh mt s
nh phn. Trong ADC 0804 thi gian chuyn i thay i ph thuc vo tn s ng h

Page 17

c cp ti chn CLK R v CLK IN nhng khng th nhanh hn 110 s. Cc chn

ca ADC 0804 c m t nh sau:
1. Chn

- chn chp: L mt u vo tch cc mc thp c s dng kch hot

CS

chp ADC 0804. truy cp ADC 0804 th chn ny phi mc thp.

2. Chn
(c): y l mt tn hiu u vo c tch cc mc thp. Cc b ADC
RD

chuyn i u vo tng t thnh s nh phn tng ng vi n v gi n trong mt

thanh ghi trong.
c s dng nhn d liu c chuyn i u ra ca
RD

ADC0804. Khi CS = 0 nu mt xung cao - xung - thp c p n chn

th u
RD

ra s 8 bt c hin din cc chn d liu D0 - D7. Chn

php u ra.
3. Chn ghi

RD

cng c coi nh cho

(thc ra tn chnh xc l Bt u chuyn i). y l chn u vo

WR

tch cc mc thp c dng bo cho ADC 0804 bt u qu trnh chuyn i. Nu

CS = 0 khi
to ra xung cao - xung - thp th b ADC 0804 bt u chuyn i gi
WR

tr u vo tng t Vin v s nh phn 8 bt. Lng thi gian cn thit chuyn i

thay i ph thuc vo tn s a n chn CLK IN v CLK R. Khi vic chuyn i
d liu c hon tt th chn INTR c p xung thp bi ADC 0804.
4. Chn CLK IN v CLK R.
Chn CLK IN l mt chn u vo c ni ti mt ngun ng h ngoi khi ng h
ngoi c s dng to ra thi gian. Tuy nhin 0804 cng c mt b to xung ng
h. s dng b to xung ng h trong (cng cn c gi l b to ng h ring)
ca 0804 th cc chn CLK IN v CLK R c ni ti mt t in v mt in tr nh
ch ra trn hnh 2.1. Trong trng hp ny tn s ng h c xc nh bng biu
thc:

f=

1
1,1RC

Page 18

Gi tr tiu biu ca cc i lng trn l R = 10k v C= 150pF v tn s nhn c

l f = 606kHz v thi gian chuyn i s mt l 110 s.
5. Chn ngt
(ngt hay gi chnh xc hn l kt thc chuyn i).
INTR

y l chn u ra tch cc mc thp. Bnh thng n trng thi cao v khi vic
chuyn i hon tt th n xung thp bo cho CPU bit l d liu c chuyn i
sn sng ly i. Sau khi
xung thp, ta t CS = 0 v gi mt xung cao xung
INTR

- thp ti chn

ly d liu ra ca 0804.
RD

6. Chn Vin (+) v Vin (-).

y l cc u vo tng t vi sai m Vin = Vin (+) - Vin (-). Thng thng Vin (-) c
ni xung t v Vin (+) c dng nh u vo tng t c chuyn i v dng s.
7. Chn VCC.
y l chn ngun nui +5v, n cng c dng nh in p tham chiu khi u vo
Vref/2 (chn 9) h.
8. Chn Vref/2.
Chn 9 l mt in p u vo c dng cho in p tham chiu. Nu chn ny h
(khng c ni) th in p u vo tng t cho ADC 0804 nm trong di 0 n +5v
(ging nh chn VCC). Tuy nhin, c nhiu ng dng m u vo tng t p n V in
cn phi khc ngoi di 0 n 5v. Chn Vref/2 c dng thc thi cc in p u vo
khc ngoi di 0 - 5v. V d, nu di u vo tng t cn phi l 0 n 4v th V ref/2
c ni vi +2v.

Page 19

Hnh 2.1: S chn ca ADC0804

Bng 2.2: in p Vref/2 lin h vi di Vin.
Vref/ 2(V)
Vin(V)
Step Size (mV)
H *
0 n 5
5/256 = 19.53
2.0
0 n 4
4/255 = 15.62
1.5
0 n 3
3/256 = 11.71
1.28
0 n 2.56
2.56/256 = 10
1.0
0 n 2
2/256 = 7.81
0.5
0 n 1
1/256 = 3.90
Ghi ch: - VCC = 5V
- Kch thc bc ( phn di) l s thay i nh nht m ADC c th phn bit
c.

Page 20

9. Cc chn d liu D0 - D7.

Cc chn d liu D0 - D7 (D7 l bt cao nht MSB v D0 l bt thp nht LSB) l cc
chn u ra d liu s. y l nhng chn c m ba trng thi v d liu c
chuyn i ch c truy cp khi chn CS = 0 v chn
b a xung thp. tnh
RD

in p u ra ta c th s dng cng thc sau:

D out =

V in
kich thuocbuoc

Vi Dout l u ra d liu s (dng thp phn). Vin l in p u vo tng t v

phn di l s thay i nh nht c tnh nh l (2 Vref/2) chia cho 256 i vi
ADC 8 bt.
II.3.1.1 Nguyn l o v chuyn i tng t/s ca ADC
Khi in p u vo que o thng qua mch phn p s a in p ti u vo
Vin cua ADC0804 sao cho in p vo ln nht l 5V, khi ng vi mi gi tr u
vo Vin th ADC0804 s chuyn i t gi tr tng t l in p xang s, ng vi mi
gi tr s s l mt gi tr in p tng ng.
V chn Vref/2 h do vy kch thc bc( phn gii) l 19,53m
V
khi in p u vo l 5V tng ng vi gi tr thp phn l 256 vi cng thc
D out =

V in
kich thuocbuoc = 519,53.10-3 =256. Tng t cc gi tr in p khc c

chuyn i tng t.

II.3.2 Cu trc v dng m hin th d liu trn led 7 thanh

1.Dng Led

Page 21

-Led anot chung

i vi dng led anot chung chn com phi c mc logic bng 1 led sng tng ng
cc chn t a n f, dp phi c mc logic bng 0

Bng m i vi led anot chung (a la MSP,dp l LSP)

Page 22

Bng m led i vi loi led mc anot chung (a l LSB,dp l MSP)

Led Cathode chung

Page 23

i vi Led mc kiu cathode chung chan COM phi c mc logic l 0,mun led sng
th cc chn t a n f,dp phi c mc logic l 1.
-Bng m Led i vi led mc Cathode chung (a l MSB,dp l LSB)

-Bng m Led mc kiu cathade chung (a l LSB,dp l MSB)

Page 24

II. 4.Cc linh kin khc

Cc loi in tr, t in, LED, led 7 thanh

Thch anh 12Mhz to dao ng
IC n p LM7805 to ra ngun c in p 5V khng i

Page 25

PHN 3: CC PHNG N THIT K V M

PHNG CHO MCH
Theo yu cu ca ti th thit b o in p cn t c di o t 0 -150V
mt chiu nhng nu s dng trn cng mt thang o s to ra sai s ln .Do vy s
mch s c chia thng hai thang o.
Thang o 1:t 0-15V
Thang o 2:t 0-150V
III.1 Phng n 1

- in p t vo chn Vref/2 l 1,28v khi l 10mv. Nh vy in p u vo

qua mch phn p vi hai in tr R1=500k, R2=55,6K cao nht l 25,6V.Nh vy gi
tr u vo cao nht tng ng bng cong thc
Vin=Uo.R2R1+R2

= 25,6.55,6K500k+55,6k5v

Chng trnh np cho chip:

Page 26

$include(reg51.inc)
org 0000h
x:
setb p2.7
call delay
clr p2.7
call delay
setb p2.7
mov a,p1
mov b,#100
div ab
mov dptr,#maled
movc a,@a+dptr
mov p2,a
mov a,b
mov b,#10
div ab
mov dptr,#maled
movc a,@a+dptr
mov p3,a
mov a,b
mov dptr,#maled
movc a,@a+dptr
mov p0,a
jmp x
maled: db 0c0h,0f9h,0a4h,0b0h,99h,92h,82h,0f8h,80h,90h
delay:
mov r0,#10
w3:mov r1,#100
w2:mov r2,#100
w1:djnz r2,$
djnz r1,w2
djnz r0,w3
ret
end

Page 27

 nh gi phng php: Phng php lp ghp nh to cho ngi lp trnh mt

cch d dng nhng li c hn ch l cch chn in tr cho mch phn p v in p
1,28V cho ADC0804. Nu khng chn ng s to ra sai s ln cho php o

III.2 Phng n 2

Page 28

- in p t vo chn Vref/2 l 0v khi l 19.53mv. Nh vy in p u vo

qua mch phn p vi hai in tr R1=200k, R2=100K cao nht l 15V.Nh vy gi tr
u vo cao nht tng ng bng cong thc
Vin=Uo.R2R1+R2

= 15K.100K200k+100k=5v

Page 29

Chng trnh np cho chip:

$include(reg51.inc)
org 0000h
x:
setb p2.7
call delay
clr p2.7
call delay
setb p2.7
mov a,p1
mov b,#17
div ab
mov r1,a
mov b,#10
div ab
mov dptr,#maled
movc a,@a+dptr
mov p2,a
mov a,b
mov dptr,#maled
movc a,@a+dptr
mov p3,a
mov a,r1
mov b,#17
mul ab
mov b,a
mov a,p1
subb a,b
mov b,#10
mul ab
mov b,#17
div ab
mov dptr,#maled
movc a,@a+dptr
Page 30

mov p0,a
jmp x
maled: db 0c0h,0f9h,0a4h,0b0h,99h,92h,82h,0f8h,80h,90h
delay:
mov r0,#10
w3:mov r1,#100
w2:mov r2,#100
w1:djnz r2,$
djnz r1,w2
djnz r0,w3
ret
end
nh gi phng php : Phng php ny c chnh xc cao do chn Vref/2
h , do vy chn ny s khng b nh hng ca ngung nui. Vi hai gi tr l R1,R2
chn cng rt r rng l 200k v 100k.
- La chn: Qua hai phng php ta thy phng php 2 cho gi tr o chnh xc
v d dng kt ni nn ta chn phng php 2 tin hnh lm mch.

Page 31

PHN IV: THIT K MCH

IV.1 S nguyn l

Page 32

IV.2 S mch in

Page 33

Boad mch chnh

Mch hin th trn lp 7 on

Page 34

IV.3 Lu thut ton

Begin

Read
ADC=a

a1=a17

b1= a%17

a2=a110
Hin th s
Hng n v

a3=a1%10

Hin th s
Hng trm

Hin th s
Hng chc

End

IV.4 Chng trnh iu khin

$include(reg51.inc)
org 0000h
Page 35

x:
setb p2.7
call delay
clr p2.7
call delay
setb p2.7
mov a,p1
mov b,#17
div ab
mov r1,a
mov b,#10
div ab
mov dptr,#maled
movc a,@a+dptr
mov p2,a
mov a,b
mov dptr,#maled
movc a,@a+dptr
mov p3,a
mov a,r1
mov b,#17
mul ab
mov b,a
mov a,p1
subb a,b
mov b,#10
mul ab
mov b,#17
div ab
mov dptr,#maled
movc a,@a+dptr
mov p0,a
jmp x
maled: db 0c0h,0f9h,0a4h,0b0h,99h,92h,82h,0f8h,80h,90h
Page 36

delay:
mov r0,#10
w3:mov r1,#100
w2:mov r2,#100
w1:djnz r2,$
djnz r1,w2
djnz r0,w3
ret
end

Page 37

PHN IV: NH GI SN PHM

V M RNG TI
IV.1 NH GI SN PHM
- Sn phm hot ng n nh chnh xc cao,c chnh xc m cc loi ng
h s khng c c.
- Sai s gia hai thang o l khng ng k vo khong 0,1v
- Thit b o c so snh tham chun vi mt s loi ng h khc c s ln c
v cho c gi tr chnh xc cao hn hn.
IV.2 M RNG TI
- ti c th pht trin thnh thit b o in p xoay chiu,o dng in,in tr
- Da trn nguyn l ca mch c th chuyn i thnh mch o nhit ,mch o
lu lng nc,sc gi.

Page 38

TI LIU THAM KHO

1.K thut vi iu khin- L Vn Doanh- Phm Khc Chng- NXB Khoa hc k thut
2.Vi iu khin vi lp trnh C- Ng Din Tp
3.Cc b cm bin trong k thut o lng v iu khin - L Vn Doanh, Phm
Thng Hn, Nguyn Vn Ha, V Thc Sn- NXB Khoa hc v k thut

Page 39