CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction Social Networking is one of the most popular leisures in the world of cyberspace. Its main purpose is to connect people, to meet new friends and find old ones. A social network composes of user profile, friends list, photos video sharing, chatroom and games. Most of the social network sites offered only 1 or 2 of these features, but only Facebook has all of these. According to the biography film (The Social Network) 2010, Facebook was founded by Mark Zuckerberg and Eduardo Saverin primarily for the Harvard University students. It was expanded to different colleges and is now open to anyone who is at least 13 years old and above. Facebook has approximately 500 million users worldwide and is still growing. It is said that half of this population does not fail to log on every single day which indicates a high tendency of addiction. Addiction is defined as the state of being enslaved to a habit or practice or to something that is psychologically or physically habit-forming. A recent study made by the Oxygen Media and Lightspeed Research revealed that one-third of women in the age of 18 to 36 check Facebook in the morning, even before they brush their teeth.

Around 21 percent of the 1,065 surveyed for this study admitted that they woke up in the middle of the night to check Facebook. More than 100 million users access Facebook through their cellphones. These users are twice more active as compared with those who use personal computers for the same. If the time spent on Facebook by the entire world is taken into consideration, it would be 6 billion minutes a day. Addiction has a great effect on the users life. It could lead into different problems in many aspects of their life. It could affect their time management, their academic performance, social relationships and much more. Users also tend to be more active socially in Facebook than in real life. They prefer instant messaging than face to face conversation. Moreover, in our area where internet caf is vey much accessible and often offers low rate, many students can easily access internet. In fact numerous college students are believed to be spending more time in Facebook than any other activities. However, all of these are just mere speculations. After the peak of its emergence and wide popularity in Cotabato City, there has been no written report or study about the level of students self-control and addiction in using Facebook. Hence this study was undertaken.

Conceptual and Theoretical Framework

Independent variable

Dependent variable

Self - Control

Facebook Addiction

Figure 1. Schematic Diagram sharing the relationship between Independent variable to Dependent variable

Facebook Addiction (DV) of the respondents depends upon their level of the Self-Control (IV). If the Self-Control level is high the tendency of Facebook Addiction is low but if the Self-Control s low there is a high tendency of Facebook.

Statement of the Problem This study aimed to determine the relationship between Selfcontrol and Facebook Addiction among College students enrolled in different academic institution in Cotabato City. It further sought to answer the following questions: 1. What is the profile of the respondents? 2. What is the level of respondents self-control? 3. What is the level of respondents Facebook Addiction? 4. Is there a significant relationship between respondents level of self-control and their level of Facebook Addiction?

Scope and Delimitation of the Study This study was delimited to the College students who were officially enrolled in the academic year 2011 at the institutions of Cotabato City who were using Facebook. The scope of the study included the different features that contributed to the addiction of Facebook like social networking, gaming and chatting. This study also involved the

components in determining Self-Control.

Significance of the Study This study will promote awareness to the teachers and institution about the growing problem of Facebook Addiction. Level of awareness will aid the administration in dealing with students who acquired the problem. Students will benefit since it will help them recognize the level of their Facebook Addiction and how it is related to their Self-Control. The information provided in the study will assist them in the prevention of further compulsion and wrong usage of Social Networking. This study is also beneficial to the parents since it will be easier for them to understand the behavior of their children and be conscious of the negative effects of Facebook Addiction. Finally this study is important to the researchers who are Psychology students, it is crucial for them to know the behavior affecting Facebook Addiction because it will be useful and can be utilized in their future practice.

Definition of Terms Facebook. A social networking site where users an create and customize their own profile with photos, videos, and information about themselves. Friends can browse the profiles of other friends and write message on their wall. Addiction. The state of being enslaved to habit or practice or to something that is psychologically and physically habit-forming. Self-Control. The ability to control ones emotion, behavior and desires in order to obtain some reward later and is the capacity of efficient management of the future. Facebook Addiction Scale. An instrument used to measure the level of Facebook Addiction of a college student. Self-Control Scale. An instrument used to measure the level of SelfControl of a college student.

CHAPTER 2 Review of Related Literature and Studies This chapter presents the review of related literature and studies about Self-Control and Facebook Addiction among college students. Facebook has become an indispensable way to find old friends, schedule events, play games and even send virtual gifts. But if youre doing more living online than off, it might be time to reassess. Many students are now seeing Facebook more as an addiction than a networking tool, and psychologists are starting to agree.

There were many researchers who had already conducted research related to this study. One of them is Lipara (2009), accordingly about 350 million people are suffering from Facebook Addiction. One of the visible symptoms of an addicted user is losing sleep. It becomes a compulsion and spent the entire night logged on to the site causing to become tired the next day, neglect the job and other appointments. An average person only spend an hour each site. Elizabeth Cohen (2009) suggested five symptoms of Facebook Addiction. First is losing sleep over Facebook, second is spending more than one hour on the site, third is becoming obsessed with past relationships, ignoring work in favor of

Facebook and feeling a lot of anxiety about going one day without checking the site. As stated by Paula Pile (2010) a marriage and family therapist, problems arise when users ignore family and work obligations because they find the Facebook world a more enjoyable place to spend time than the real world especially as people neglect their relationships,

responsibilities and health. Even though social networking is not a physical addiction like drugs or alcohol, it is still an emotional addiction and can be just be harmful. While many people may feel traumatized when separated from the use of their favorite social media channels, social media addiction is just one more example of poor Self-Control in a litany of others that do not meet the criteria for addiction. A leading PsychoAnalyst at the William Alanson White Institution, Todd Essig, Ph.D., states that the inclusion of social media addiction in official diagnoses opens the door to the sanctioning of other behaviors such as shopping, overeating, obtaining too many tattoos, hoarding trash and more. These behaviors are actually manifestations of true psychological problems, such s bipolar disorder or chronic depression. It was affirmed by Dr. Michael Fenichel (2011) a psychologist who has published a number of online articles about what he calls Facebook Addiction Disorder (FAD) says its difficult to see just how culturally
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ingrained Facebook has become because everyone is doing it or at least appears to be. Facebook is a growing global phenomenon and it seemed a petri dish for social psychologist to examine the affect it and other communication technologies are having on human motivation, attention and social interaction. Furthermore Fenichel (2011) indicates that the dynamics of Facebook present a particularly ripe environment to foster addiction. The constant temptation of applications, games, positive reinforcement and voyeurism of Facebook lures some to a point where they lose impulse control and have trouble breaking away from the constant stream of activation/reinforcement. Facebook has the best possible recipe for significant behavioral addiction, as it fills a large and normal part of so many lives. Facebook Addiction Disorder have yet to be included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, (DSM) but psychologist have long been studying the impact of social media and other communication technologies.

Facebook Addiction Among College Students Facebook supports 882 colleges today; there are about 2000 in the United States if you count community colleges. Their goal is to support all of these over time. The penetration rate is staggering, about 85% of students in supported colleges have a profile up on Facebook. Thats 3.85 million members. It is said that 60% log in daily. About 85% log in at least once a week and 93% log in at least once a month (Schulz, 2004). More than 150 million people in the U.S. are currently members of Facebook, with the majority of those under the age of 25. And with those users spending about 7 hours a month on the site, it is the number one social site...but for some, it's more than just an occasional visit.

Shock (2005) explained that a study used a survey to examine the use of Facebook among 183 college students and it confirmed that the use of this social networking site acted as an extension instead of replacement of face to face interaction. Nevertheless some users relied on Facebook as the most important form of social interaction. But what was more interesting were the results on how these college students used Facebook. Most of all, the results that 40% reported having no friends on Facebook that they have never met in person and those who did have

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friends on Facebook whom they never had met reported an average of 7.2 such friends. The students used the site on average 1.2 times per day, spending on average 31.5 minutes each time they use it. Rob Bedi, a registered psychologist and assistant professor at the University of Victoria, said that Internet addictions are common on university campuses, often helped by free Internet access, web-based assignments and unstructured blocks of time. Facebook has also led to change in priorities as people spend more time on the site than on studying or working due to so much addiction. A North Florida mother has pleaded guilty to shaking her baby to death after the boys crying interrupted her game on Facebook. She told the investigators that she was angered because the boy was crying while she was playing Farmville. (Martinez, 2010) Finally, Facebook is a useful tool for connecting with friends, family, networking, advertising but it can also be addictive and can cause a lot of problems.

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Self-Control Gillman (2006) defined Self-Control as the ability to motivate oneself to do the things they need to do. And it also means that stopping from doing things bad. Self-control is the ability to control impulses and reactions, and is another name for self-discipline. It is not some kind of negative and limiting behavior, as some people might think. When self-control is used wisely and with common sense, it becomes one of the most important tools or self improvement and for achieving success. Self-Control is vital for controlling and overcoming obsessions, fears, addictions and any kind of unsuitable behavior. It puts you in control of your life, your behavior and your reactions. It improves your relationships, develops patience and tolerance and is an important tool for attaining success and happiness. It is also said that the possible areas lacking self-control are eating, shopping, drinking, work, gambling, smoking, and obsessive behavior (Sasson, 2009). Moreover Self-Control is also defined as impulse control or elf regulation. Some psychologists prefer the term impulse control because it may be more precise. The term self regulation is used to refer to the many process individuals use to manage drives and emotions. Therefore, self regulation also embodies the concept of willpower. Self regulation is an extremely important executive function of the brain. Deficits in self
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control/regulation are found in a large number of psychological disorders including ADHD, Antisocial Personality Disorder, addiction, eating disorders and impulse control disorders (Vohs et al., 2008). The present study seeks to examine how trait self-control is revealed on social networking sites'specifically, Facebook. Participants were undergraduates at Bates College who first filled out self-report measures of self-control, narcissism (as a control variable) and Facebook use. Their Facebook profiles were then saved by the experimenter. A content analysis of the profiles was conducted coding for seven indices of self-control. I hypothesized that based on the content analysis of profiles, Facebook users lower in self-control would tend to be rated as displaying a.) more problematic content (i.e., substance abuse, sexual disclosure, and antisocial behavior), b.) more general impulsivity or

nondeliberateness, c.) more egotistical or self-promoting content, d.) less content suggesting a strong work ethic, and d.) less content suggesting interpersonal success. I also predicted that based on the Facebook use questionnaire, users lower in self-control would reportedly filter out less problematic content and use Facebook's privacy settings less. The results only found significant evidence for interpersonal success as evidence for self-control on Facebook profiles. Study limitations as well as the implications relating to the accuracy of perceiving personality

characteristics through online social networking profiles are discussed.

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Any behavior that causes people to consistently miss out on interaction with others or leads to poor performance in key areas of life must be addressed. A healthy lifestyle involves finding and maintaining balance in all activities. Self-Control may also influence social

networking addiction such as gaming and Facebook, Ng and WiemerHastings (2005) stated that since social networking users become easily absorbed in playing, their behavior may lead to loss of time control. The key to controlling ones addiction is moderation. Many psychological problems are characterized by a loss of control or a lack of control in specific situations. Usually, this lack of control is part of a pattern of behavior that also involves other maladaptive thoughts and actions, such as substance abuse problems or sexual disorders (Franklin, 2010). People with these disorders may or may not plan the acts, but the acts generally fulfill their immediate, conscious wishes. Most people, however, find their disorders highly distressing and feel a loss of control over their lives (Ploskin, 2007).

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CHAPTER 3 Research Methodology This chapter presents the brief description of the research

methodology. It includes the research design, locale of the study, population and sampling design, research instrument, administration of instrument, validity of the instruments and the statistical tools for analysis. Research Design This study utilized the descriptive method using Correlational Analysis. It involved collection of data in order to answer questions concerning the level of Facebook Addiction and Self-Control of the respondent. It is a method that determined the relationship between two variables. Locale of the Study The study was conducted in the internet cafs near the colleges and universities of Cotabato City and Free Wi-Fi access areas where presence of College students were visible.

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Population and Sampling Design The respondents of this research were the college students of Cotabato City. Purposive Sampling technique was used in the study. Minimum of 150 respondents was used in the survey to establish the validity of the collected data. Instrumentation The study used a Standardized Self-Control Scale by John C. McMullen from his dissertation A Test of Self-control Theory Using General Patterns of Deviance and Standardized Facebook Addiction Scale from Psychcentral.com. The instrument was composed of 2 parts. Part 1 includes the profile of the respondents and Part 2 contains questions regarding the level of Self-Control and Facebook Addiction of the respondents. Validity of the Instruments Before the instruments were administered, it passed through a series of review from psychology teachers and panelist. The questions were analyzed and the sources of the instruments were verified to determine the validity of the instruments.

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Administration of the Instruments The study was conducted through survey. It was done in the internet cafes nearest to the school. In 5NU Internet Caf, Hyperlink Internet Caf, and Cyberclub Internet Caf located in front of the Cotabato City State Polytechnic College, Gamers.Net Internet Caf and Cyberian Internet Caf located near Coland System Technology, 8 Volts Internet Caf near Notre Dame Hospital School of Midwifery, 5NU Internet Caf Branch-2 and 5Js Internet Caf situated near Notre Dame University. Survey was also made in McDonalds, Bos Coffee, and Datu Brew Coffee Shop where there is a free Wi-Fi access provided for their customers. The questionnaires were distributed among college students who accessed their Facebook account upon the time of the survey. These were retrieved after they filled-out the answers and necessary information.

Statistical Treatment of Data The following statistical tools used were Standard Deviation, Mean and Pearson r Correlation.

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CHAPTER 4

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This section of the research paper includes the presentation of the results of the analysis of the data and their interpretations. The descriptive and correlation presentation of the results is based from the specific research inquiries stated in the introductory chapter of this paper. Profile of Respondents The profile of respondents presented in this study include: age of respondents, gender, places of accessing Facebook account, devices used in accessing Facebook, number of Facebook accounts, frequency of checking Facebook account, and number of hours consumed using Facebook. It can be gleaned in Table 1 the ages of the respondents. The data on age showed that 31 or 20.67% were 17 years old, 22% or 33 respondents were 18 years old, 27 or 18% were 19 years old, 16.67% or 25 respondents were 20 years old, 13 or 8.67 percent of the respondents were 21 years old and 14% or 21 respondents were ages other than mentioned above. These are the typical ages considering that the respondents were College students.

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Table 1 Age and gender of respondents

N=150

Profile

Frequency

Percent (%)

A. Age 17 18 19 20 21 Others B. Gender Male Female 39 111 26.00 74.00 31 33 27 25 13 21 20.67 22.00 18.00 16.67 8.67 14.00

On gender, it is shown in Table 1 that more than one half of the respondents (74%) or 111 were female and 26 percent or 39 respondents were male. Respondents profile on the use of Facebook Table 2 shows the respondents profile on the use of Facebook. It shows that on the devices used by the respondents in accessing Facebook, 24 or 16% use cellphones, 41 or 27.33% uses Laptop computers, 71 or 47.33% uses Desktop computers and 9.33% or 14 respondents uses both laptop and desktop computers to access their Facebook account.

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Table 2 Respondents profile on the use of Facebook

N=150

Profile

Frequency

Percentage (%)

A. On Devices used in accessing Facebook Cellphone Laptop Desktop Both Laptop and Desktop B. On Places/venue of accessing Facebook account Home Internet Caf School C. On the number of Facebook Accounts 6 accounts and above 3 to 5 accounts 2 accounts and below D. On the frequency of checking Facebook account in a day 6 times and above 4 to 5 times 3 times and below E. On the number of. hours consumed using Facebook 6 hours and above 3 to 5 hours 2 hours and below

24 41 71 14

16.00 27.33 47.33 9.33

52 91 7

34.67 60.67 4.67

6 15 129

4 10 86

17 17 116

11.33 11.33 77.33

21 65 64

14 43.33 42.67

Moreover, on the venue or places of accessing Facebook account, 52 or 34.67% said that they access Facebook in their homes, 91 or 60.67% in Internet Cafs and 7 or 4.67% in their respective schools. It can also
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be gleaned in Table 2 that on the number of Facebook accounts of the respondents, 6 or 4% have 6 accounts and above, 15 or 10% have 3 to 5 accounts and 86% or 129 have 2 accounts and below. Table 2 also reveals that 17 or 11.33% of the respondents check their Facebook accounts 6 times or more in a day, likewise, 17 or 11.33% check their accounts 4 to 5 times a day and 77.33% or 116 said that they check their Facebook account 3 times and below. Furthermore, on the number of hours consumed using Facebook, there were 21 or 14% of the respondents revealed that they spent 6 hours or more, 65 or 43.33% spent 3 to 5 hours and 64 or 42.67 percent spent 2 hours and below. Level of Facebook Addiction In Facebook Addiction Scale, higher scores indicate high level of Facebook Addiction. Table 3 presents the scale of Facebook addiction among the college students respondents. It can be gleaned that respondents rated occasionally when asked how often they stayed longer on Facebook than they intended to be (2.47) and how often they neglect household chores to spend more time on Facebook (2.07). The respondents rated frequently on how often they prefer the excitement of the Facebook to face-to-face friends (2.59) and how often they form new relationships with fellow Facebook users (2.51).

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Table 3 Level of Facebook addiction among College students in Cotabato City

N=150

Item

Mean

Sd

Interpretation

1. How often do you find that you stay on Facebook longer than you intended? 2. How often do you neglect household chores to spend more time on Facebook?

2.47

1.408

Occasionally

2.07 3. How often do you prefer the excitement of the Facebook to face-toface friends? 4. How often do you form new relationships with fellow Facebook users? 5. How often do others in your life complain to you about the amount of time you spend Facebook ? 6. How often do your grades or school work suffer because of the amount of time you spend on Facebook? 7. How often do you check your e-mail before something else that you need to do? 8. How often does your job performance or productivity suffer because of Facebook? 2.59

1.157

Occasionally

1.307

Frequently

2.51

1.299

Frequently

2.09

1.198

Occasionally

1.97

1.105

Occasionally

2.21

1.160

Occasionally

2.11

1.148

Occasionally

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Table 3 continued

Item

Mean

Sd

Interpretation

9. How often do you become defensive or secretive when anyone asks you what you do on Facebook? 10. How often do you block out disturbing thoughts about your life with soothing thoughts of Facebook?

2.30

1.219

Occasionally

2.33 11. How often do you find yourself anticipating when you will go on Facebook again? 12. How often do you fear that life without Facebook would be boring, empty, and joyless? 13. How often do you snap, yell, or act annoyed if someone bothers you while you are Facebook? 14. How often do you lose sleep due to late-night log-ins? 15. How often do you feel preoccupied with the Facebook when off-line, or fantasize about being on Facebook? 16. How often do you find yourself saying just a few more minutes when on Facebook? 17. How often do you try to cut down the amount of time you spend Facebook and fail? 2.55 2.24

1.234

Occasionally

1.191

Occasionally

2.34

1.247

Occasionally

2.05

1.206

Occasionally

2.18

1.361

Occasionally

2.20

1.111

Occasionally

1.349

Frequently

2.31 23

1.198

Occasionally

Table 3 continued

Item

Mean

Sd

Interpretation

18. How often do you try to hide how long youve been on Facebook? 19. How often do you choose to spend more time Facebook over going out with others? 20. How often do you feel depressed, moody, or nervous when you are off-line, which goes away once you are back on Facebook?

2.30

1.157

Occasionally

2.11

1.213 Occasionally

2.22

1.274 Occasionally

OVERALL MEAN

2.26

.745

Occasionally

Legend: 4.50 5.00 3.50 4.49 2.50 3.49 1.50 2.49 1.00 1.49 Always Often Frequently Occasionally Rarely

Moreover,

The

table

shows

that

respondents

rated

occasionally on the following items: How often do others in your life complain to you about the amount of time you spend Facebook (2.09); How often do your grades or school work suffer because of the amount of time you spend on Facebook (1.97); How often do you check your e-mail
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before something else that you need to do (2.21); How often does your job performance or productivity suffer because of Facebook(2.11); how often do you become defensive or secretive when anyone asks what you do on facebook (2.30); how often do you block out disturbing thoughts about your life with soothing thoughts of facebook (2.33); how often do you fear that life without facebook would be boring, empty, and joyless (2.34); how often do you snap, yell, or act annoyed if someone bothers you while you are using facebook (2.05); how often do you lose sleep due to latenight log-ins (2.18); how often do you feel preoccupied with the facebook when off-line, or fantasize about being on Facebook (2.20). On the other hand, respondents rated frequently on how they often find themselves saying just a few more minutes when on facebook (2.55). Furthermore, respondents rated occasionally on how often they try to cut down the amount of time they spend facebook and fail (2.31), how often they try to hide how long theyve been on facebook (2.30), how often they choose to spend more time on Facebook over going out with others ((2.11) and how often they feel depressed, moody, or nervous when they are offline, which goes away once they are back on facebook (2.22). Generally, the extent of respondents addiction to Facebook was rated occasionally with a grand mean of 2.26. Teens and the younger generation of adults, who have never known a world without personal computers or the Internet, view and use
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technology differently than their parents. They seek social interaction and interpersonal connection through social media channels. These people still know the value of more traditional forms of communication. But through social media, they can communicate with remote people and broaden their view of culture and the human condition. While some may overuse the technologymissing classes or failing to turn in

assignmentsthis is a symptom of other issues, not an addiction. Implementing addiction treatments for overuse of social media leaves the underlying cause to fester and manifest in other, perhaps more dangerous ways. (Psychology of Social Media Addiction, October 2010) Level of Self-control In Self-Control Scale, higher score indicates low Self- Control. There are twenty-four items included in this study that measures the respondents level of self-control. The results of the ratings of the respondents are presented in Table 4. Generally, all respondents rated the items in self-control Agree with a grand mean of 2.83 as shown in Table 4. This implies that the respondents were cognizant of their actions and behavior.

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Table 4 Level of Self-Control among College students in Cotabato City N=150

Item Mean Sd Interpretation

1. I often act on spur of the moment without stopping to thinking. 2. I devote much thought and effort to preparing for the future. 3. I often do whatever brings me pleasure here and now, even at the cost of some distant goal. 4. I am more concerned with what happens to me in the long run rather than the short run. 5. I frequently try to seek out projects that I know will be difficult. 6. When things get complicated, I tend to quit or withdraw. 7. The things in life that is easiest to do bring me the most pleasure. 8. I like really hard tasks that stretch my abilities to the limits. 9. I feel little need to test myself every now and then by doing something a little risky. 10. Sometimes I will take a risk just for the fun of it.

2.90

.801

Agree

3.15

.757

Agree

3.05

.763

Agree

3.00

.819

Agree

2.89

.804

Agree

2.59

.984

Agree

2.79

.892

Agree

3.01

.831

Agree

2.89

.876

Agree

2.75

.912

Agree

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Table 4 continued

Item

Mean

Sd

Interpretation

11. I find no excitement in doing things for which I might get in trouble. 12. Excitement and adventure are more important to me than security. 13. If I had a choice, I would almost always rather do something mental than something physical. 14. I almost always feel better with I am on the move than when I am sitting and thinking. 15. I like to read or contemplate ideas more than I like to get out and do thing. 16. I seem to have more energy and greater need for activity than most other people my age. 17. I try to look out others first, even if it means making things difficult for myself. 18. Im very sympathetic to other people when they are having problems. 19. If things I do upset people, its their problem not mine.

2.76

.902

Agree

2.69

.983

Agree

2.63

.886

Agree

2.94

.805

Agree

2.97

.794

Agree

2.91

.794

Agree

2.82

.820

Agree

2.91

.797

Agree

2.55

.894

Agree

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Table 4 continued

Item

Mean

Sd

Interpretation

20. I will try to get the things I want even when I know its causing problems for other people. 21. I lose my temper very easily. 22. Often, when Im angry at people I feel more like hurting them than talking to them about why I am angry. 23. When Im really angry, other people better stay away from me. 24. When I have a serious disagreement with someone, I cant usually talk calmly about it without getting upset.

2.53 2.81

.988 .888

Agree Agree

2.58

.914

Agree

2.78

.896

Agree

2.95

.947

Agree

OVERALL MEAN

2.83

.382

Agree

Legend:

3.50 4.00 2.50 3.49 1.50 2.49 1.00 1.49

Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree

The following items were rated Agree as their means indicate: often act on spur of the moment without stopping to thinking (2.90),
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devote much thought and effort to preparing for the future (3.15 ), often do whatever brings them pleasure here and now, even at the cost of some distant goal (3.05 ), they are more concerned with what happens to them in the long run rather than the short run(3.00), frequently try to seek out projects that they know will be difficult (2.89 ). Also rated Agree on items: tend to quit or withdraw when things get complicated ( 2.59), things in life that are easiest to do bring me the most pleasure (2.79 ), like hard tasks that stretch abilities to the limits (3.01), feel little need to test every now and then by doing something a little risky (2.89), Sometimes will take a risk just for the fun of it (2.75), find no excitement in doing things for which they might get in trouble (2.76), excitement and adventure are more important than security (2.69), If had a choice, they would almost always rather do something mental than something physical (2.63), almost always feel better when they are on the move than when they are sitting and thinking (2.94), Likewise respondents rated Agree on: like to read or contemplate ideas more than they like to get out and do things (2.97), seem to have more energy and greater need for activity than most other people of their age (2.91), try to look out others first, even if it means making things difficult for themselves (2.82), very sympathetic to other people when they are having problems (2.91), If things they do upset people, its their problem (2.55), will try to get the things they want even when they know

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its causing problems for other people (2.53), dont lose their temper very easily (2.81), when they angry at people they feel more like hurting them than talking to them about why they are angry (2.58), when they are really angry, other people better stay away from them (2.78), When they have a serious disagreement with someone, they can usually talk calmly about it without getting upset (2.95). Aforementioned figures explain that respondents have

unanimously agreed on particular situations of determining self-control. This means that they have moderate self-control and has very slight differences in their responses on the items under Self-control. These actions of self-control involves the feeling of whether one is generating one's own behavior -- whether it is self-determined -- or whether one's acts are determined by outside forces (e.g., one's parents, or one's general situation) (www.psych.rochester.edu/SDT). The fact that personality is located amidst neighboring systems such as biology, situations, and groups, which all influence it, means that the individual's mental system must exert sufficient self-control to remain coherent and whole (Freud).

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Relationship of respondents Self-control and Facebook Addiction Correlation analysis was performed to find out the significant relationships between the respondents level of Self-Control and level of Facebook addiction.

Table 5 Relationship of respondents self-control and Facebook addiction N = 150

Variables

Pearson r -.279**

Self-Control Sig Interpretation

Facebook Addiction

.001

Significant

**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

Table 5 presents the correlation matrix of the results of the analysis. Based from the results, the Facebook addiction among college students and Self-control shows high significant correlations (Pearson r = -.279) at .01 level. This means that respondents self-control has a significant relationship towards his/her being addicted or not to Facebook. Self-control defines individuals personality. Freud ( ) pointed

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out that personality (i.e., the individual human being) is a system wedged between social demands and personal needs that often are of biological origin. This remains the consensual view today. Personality's location indicates that the system emerges from biology, is included in groups of people, and must navigate the social situation. Facebook is just one of those technological applications that eventually became a global phenomenon (Fenichel, 2011).It is one of the biggest and most popular social networking sites, which has millions of users interconnected by giving people the power to share and make the world more open and connected, as stated in the mission statement of the company. The social networking craze, the urge of getting hooked and be connected, and a feeling of satisfaction for being in reveals that self-control has taken its place to determine severity of Facebook addiction. A means by which the individual maintains his or her psychological identity, satisfies personal needs, and yet meets the expectations of society. Furthermore, this implies that the higher self-control an individual has, the more he or she will be aware of his/her actions. They become more conscious on the adverse effects and consequences of Facebook addiction such as: when they lose sleep, neglect work, or neglect real-life responsibilities over Facebook; when they cannot see themselves detaching from Facebook by leaving the site and erasing their account; and when they become obsessed with old loves or people who they do not know in real life.
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CHAPTER 5 SUMMARY OF MAJOR FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATIONS OF THE STUDY AND RECOMMENDATONS This chapter presents the summary, conclusion and

recommendations of this study. The general aim of this study is to determine the relationship between Self-control and Facebook addiction among College students in Cotabato City. It further aims to answer the following questions: 1. What is the profile of the respondents? 2. What is the level of respondents self-control? 3. What is the level of respondents Facebook Addiction? 4. Is there a significant relationship between respondents level of self-control and their level of Facebook Addiction? Summary of Findings 1. Profile Age. There were 31 or 20.67% were 17 years old, 22% or 33 respondents were 18 years old, 27 or 18% were 19 years old, 16.67% or 25 respondents were 20 years old, 13 or 8.67 percent of the respondents were 21 years old and 14% or 21 respondents were ages other than mentioned above.

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Gender. There were 74% or 111 were female and 26 percent or 39 respondents were male. On the devices used to access Facebook. There were 24 or 16% of the respondents uses cellphones, 41 or 27.33% uses Laptop computers, 71 or 47.33% uses Desktop computers and 9.33% or 14 respondents uses both laptop and desktop computers to access their Facebook account. On the venue or places of accessing Facebook account. 52 or

34.67% said that they access Facebook in their homes, 91 or 60.67% in Internet Cafs and 7 or 4.67% in their respective schools. On the the number of Facebook accounts of the respondents. Six or 4% of the respondents have 6 accounts and above, 15 or 10% have 3 to 5 accounts and 86% or 129 have 2 accounts and below. On the number of times/frequency of checking Facebook accounts. Seventeen or 11.33% of the respondents check their Facebook accounts 6 times or more in a day, also 17 or 11.33% check their accounts 4 to 5 times a day and 77.33% or 116 said that they check their Facebook account 3 times and below. On the number of hours consumed using Facebook. There were 21 or 14% of the respondents revealed that they spent 6 hours or more, 65

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or 43.33% spent 3 to 5 hours and 64 or 42.67 percent spent 2 hours and below. 2. Level of Self-Control On the level of Self-control, the respondents unanimously rated Agree with an overall mean of 2.83

3. Level of Facebook Addiction The level of Facebook addiction was rated Occasionally with a grand mean of 2.26. 4. Relationship between respondents level of self-control and their level of Facebook Addiction Findings also reveals that there is a significant relationship between the level of Facebook Addiction and Self-control with Pearson r (-.279) at .01 level of significance. Higher scores in Self-Control Scale effect lower scores in Facebook Addiction Scale while lower scores in Facebook Addiction Scale results in higher scores in Self-Control Scale.

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Conclusion From the findings of the study, the following conclusions have been drawn: 1. The respondents have occasional or moderate Facebook addiction. 2. Respondents have moderate to high self-control. 3. There is a significant relationship between self-control and Facebook addiction.

Recommendation Based on the findings of the study, the following are recommended: 1. Further study is needed to replicate the findings of the present study. It is suggested that the respondents will be open not only to College students but also to teens and employed professionals. 2. To further study the relationship between Facebook/Social networking addiction aside from self-control. Personal traits such sensation seeking, aggression, neuroticism, state anxiety and trait anxiety are suggested to include as factors that may have relationship to social networking addiction. It is suggested that certain personality traits aside from self-control may be important in the acquisition, development, and maintenance of

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social networking addiction. This is to further investigate roles of various personality traits and their associations with social networking addiction. 3. Parental supervision and guidance counseling is recommended for those who were found to have acquired social networking addiction such as the case of Facebook Addiction Disorder.

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References

Lipari, J. (2009). Are you a Facebook Addict? Retrieved November 15, 2010 from http://www.addiction-intervention.com/addiction/processaddictions/are-you-a-facebook-addict/.

Cohen, E. (2009).Five clues that you are addicted to Facebook. Retrieved November 12, 2011 from http://www.cnn.com/2009/HEALTH/04/23/.facebook.addict/indx.html . Pile, P. (2010).Facebook: Are you addicted yet? Retrieved January 10, 2011from http://www.socialmediawatch.net/index.php/facebook/facebook-areaddicted-yet/. Fenichel, M. (2011). Facebook Addiction Disorder (FAD) - A New Challenge? Retrieved January 12, 2011 from http://www.fenichel.com/facebook/. Shock, D. (2005). Facebook and MySpace use among college students. Retrieved February 3, 201 from http://www.shockmd.com/2010/07/20facebook-and-myspace-useamong-college-students/.

Schulz, M. (2004). 85% of College students use Facebook. Retrieved January 20, 2011 from http://www.techcrunch/2005/09/07/85college-students-use-facebook/.

Martinez, E. (2010). FarmVille Playing Mom Admits She Killed Infant Who Interrupted Facebook Game. Retrieved February 8, 2010 from http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-504083_162-20021079-504083.html.

Sasson, R. (2009). How to develop and strengthen Self-control. Retrieve February 24, 2011 from http://www.sucessconciousness.com/selfcontrol.htm.

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Gillman, S.(2011). Self Control. Retrieve September 27, 2011 from http://www.dailynewarticles.com/article/316/5822/Self_Control.html.

Vohs KD, Baumeister RF, Schmeichel BJ, Twenge JM, Nelson NM, Tice DM (2008). "Making choices impairs subsequent self-control: a limitedresource account of decision making, f-regulation, and active initiative" Retrieve August 12, 2010 from http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SelfControl.

Franklin, D. (2010). Impulse Control Disorders. Retrieve October 10,2011 from http://www.psychologyinfo.com/problems/impulse_control.html.

Ploskin, D. (2007). What are Impulse Control Disorders? Retrieve on September 27, 2011 from http://psychcentral.com/lib/2007/what-areimpulse-control-disorders/. The American Heritage Science Dictionary. Retrieved October 05, 2011 http://www.dictionary.reference.com./browse/addiction

McMullen, J.(1999). A Test of Self-Control Theory Using Patterns of Deviance.Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.

The Muse (2010). Dealing with your Facebook Addiction. RetrievedOctober05,2011. http://www.facebook.com/topic.php?uid+82338367580&topic+17269

Myers, S (2010). Facebook Part 2. Retrieved October 05, 2011 http://www.connectamarillo.com/news/story.aspx?id=586865

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Republic of the Philippines Cotabato City State Polytechnic College Sinsuat Avenue, Cotabato City

Dear Respondent,

We, Fourth Year BS Psychology Students of Cotabato City State Polytechnic College, are conducting a study of the use of Facebook among College Students. We would like to ask your support to this research by being a respondent to the questionnaire below. Rests assure that your answer will be strictly kept confidential and used only for the study. Thank you very much for your support.

Very truly yours, Amirudin K.Abas Sukarno K. Abdulrakman Maria Lisa G.Bajado Celfani Love C. Vergara

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