FM Spaf140c en Cda

SPAF 140 C Frequency Relay
Users manual and Technical description
2
U n = 100V/110V/115V/120V
f > < > df < dt
IRF
SPAF 140 C
80...265V ~ 18...80V
SPCF 1D15 REGISTERS OPER.IND.
U aux
f n [ Hz ] U < /U n f 1 [ Hz ] , t 1, t 1 [ s ] f 2 [ Hz ] , t 2, t 2 [ s ] f 3 [ Hz ] , t 3, t 3 [ s ] f 4 [ Hz ] , t 4, t 4 [ s ]
RESET STEP
0 0
U /Un f [Hz]
1 2 3 4 5 6
df/dt [Hz/s] f max df/dt max Stage no. Start ctr

min min
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A
Ser.No.
Stage 1 Start Stage 1 Trip Stage 2 Start Stage 2 Trip Stage 3 Start Stage 3 Trip Stage 4 Start Stage 4 Trip Rec. Due Rec. Over
0024C
df / dt [ Hz / s ]
f [ Hz ] tr [s ] SGF SGB SGR TRIP
PROGRAM
0476A
RS 452 001 -
SPCF 1D15
1MRS 750135-MUM EN
Issued 1997-02-05 Modified 2002-04-12 Version C Checked MK Approved OL
Data subject to change without notice
SPAF 140 C Frequency Relay
Contents
Features .......................................................................................................................... 2 Application ..................................................................................................................... 3 Description of operation ................................................................................................. 3 Connections ................................................................................................................... 4 Specification of input and output terminals .................................................................... 5 Operation indicators ....................................................................................................... 6 Combined power supply and I/O module ...................................................................... 6 Technical data (modified 2001-04) .................................................................................. 7 Example of application ................................................................................................... 9 Testing .......................................................................................................................... 11 Maintenance and repair ................................................................................................ 12 Spare parts .................................................................................................................... 12 Order numbers (modified 1998-03) .............................................................................. 12 Dimension drawings and mounting.............................................................................. 13 Ordering information ................................................................................................... 13 In addition to the general part, the complete manual of the frequency relay SPAF 140 C includes the following relay module descriptions: Combined frequency and rate of change of frequency relay module General characteristics of D type relay modules 1MRS 750583-MUM EN 1MRS 750066-MUM EN
Features
Single-phase four-stage combined overfrequency/underfrequency relay Each protection stage includes a frequency rate of change function (df/dt), which can be used alone or in combination with the overfrequency/ underfrequency function. Each protection stage includes two separate adjustable timers Recovery function Programmable undervoltage blocking Four rated voltages, to be selected in the software Adjustable rated frequency
Four external control inputs enabling separate blocking of each stage, etc. Two freely configurable heavy-duty output relays, one signal relay and one self-supervision output relay Recording of measured data, which can be used for analysing the network condition. Transfer of data over serial communication bus Continuous self-supervision with internal fault diagnosis Reading and writing of setting values via display and front panel push-buttons, a PC with setting software or from higher system levels over the serial bus.
Application
The frequency relay SPAF 140 C is designed to be used for the overfrequency/underfrequency protection of generators, motors and other ac equipment. For instance, even a small deviation from the rated frequency may cause mechanical damage to a generator set. The frequency relay SPAF 140 C is a secondary relay, which is connected to the voltage transformers of the network section to be protected. The relay incorporates one relay module: the combined frequency and rate of change of frequency module type SPCF 1D15. The relay module includes four protection stages, each of which with its own frequency function (f ), its own rate of change of frequency function (df/dt) and two adjustable operate times (t and t). When the frequency limit of a stage is set below the rated frequency, the protection stage operates as an underfrequency stage. Correspondingly, the stage has the function of an overfrequency stage, when the frequency level is set above the rated frequency. The frequency setting cannot be the same as the rated frequency.
In addition, the frequency relay SPAF 140 C can be used for monitoring the power balance in the network and disconnecting parts of the network in a situation of power deficiency.
Description of operation
The operation of the df/dt function of a protection stage is based on the same principle as the frequency function, which means that if a protection stage operates as an underfrequency stage, the sign of the df/dt function is negative. Then the df/dt function starts once the absolute value of the rate of frequency drop exceeds the df/dt limit. When required, the frequency function and the df/dt function can be combined so that the criteria for operation of both functions have to be fulfilled at the same time. Once a preset condition is fulfilled, the stage starts and, at the same time, it activates a timing circuit. No start signal can be programmed for the output relays. When the stage times out, the relay produces a trip signal. The trip signal can be linked to the desired output relay.
Connections
A N
0 + 1
n a d d 1 0 -
Rx
Tx
+ (~) Uaux - (~) BS4 BS3 BS2 BS1 IRF SS1 TS1 + TS2 SERIAL PORT (SPA)
X0
63 13 14 16
48
47 46
45 23
22 11
10
62
61
70 71 72
68 69
85 86
87 88
100 V Not Used
~ _ =
U3
U2
U1 4 f
4 BS1 BS2 BS3 BS4 BS5 df/dt
IRF SS1 TS1 SS2 TS2 SS3 TS3 SS4 TS4 I/O
Fig. 1. Connection diagram for frequency relay SPAF 140 C Uaux TS1, TS2 SS1 IRF BS1...BS4 U1 SERIAL PORT SPA-ZC_ Rx/Tx Auxiliary voltage Output relays (heavy-duty) Output relay Self-supervision output relay Control signals Combined frequency and rate of change of frequency relay module Serial communication port Bus connection module Fibre-optic cable connection
SPA-ZC_
13
61 62 63 85 86 87 88 70 71 72
Rx Tx
22 23 45 46 47 48
14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Made in Finland = 63
21
10 11
68 69
Fig. 2. Terminals of frequency relay SPAF 140 C Specification of input and output terminals
Terminal interval 13-14 13-15 16-17 16-18 19-20 19-21 10-11 22-23 45-46 47-48 68-69 85-86 87-88 70-71-72 61-62
Function Phase-to-phase voltage U12 100 V Not in use Not in use Not in use Not in use Not in use External blocking signal BS1 External blocking signal BS2 External blocking signal BS3 External blocking signal BS4 Output relay SS1 Output relay TS1 Output relay TS2 Output relay IRF Auxiliary voltage supply. The positive pole of the DC supply is connected to terminal 61. The auxiliary voltage is marked on the front plate. cal fibres are connected to the counter contacts Rx and Tx of the module. The selector switches of the bus connection module should be in the position "SPA".
5
The protection relay connects to the fibre-optic data bus via the bus connection module SPAZC 17 or SPA-ZC 21 to be fitted to the D connector on the rear panel of the relay. The opti-
Operation indicators
2
U n = 100V/110V/115V/120V
f > < > df < dt
modules and on the system panel of the frequency relay. Start indications can be programmed to remain lit, even though the stage resets. In general, the numbers indicating start are automatically reset, whereas trip codes have to be manually reset by pressing the RESET pushbutton. The TRIP indicator at the bottom part of the front panel can be set to indicate tripping of any stage. The BS_ signals can be configured to automatically reset the trip indicators. A non-reset operation indicator does not affect the operation of the relay module. 3. A measured or set value presented on the display is identified by yellow LEDs on the front panel. 4. A permanent fault detected by the selfsupervision system is indicated by the IRF indicator of the concerned relay module and a fault code on the display of the relay module. The fault code should be recorded to facilitate maintenance and repair. The operation indicators are described in more detail in the descriptions of the relay modules.
IRF
SPAF 140 C
80...265V ~ 18...80V
SPCF 1D15 REGISTERS OPER.IND.
U aux
RESET STEP
0 0
U /Un f [Hz]
1 2 3 4 5 6
df/dt [Hz/s] f max df/dt max Stage no. Start ctr

min min
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A
Ser.No.
0024C
df / dt [ Hz / s ]
f [ Hz ] tr>[s ] SGF SGB SGR TRIP
PROGRAM
0476A
RS 452 001 -
SPCF 1D15
Fig. 3. Front panel of frequency relay SPAF 140 C 1. The green LED indicator Uaux on the system panel is lit when the power supply is operating. 2. Measured values, settings and start and trip data are indicated on the display. Starting and tripping are indicated by a red operation code to the left of the display. The operation codes are explained in the descriptions of the relay Combined power supply and I/O module The power supply and I/O module of the frequency relay SPAF 140 C is located behind the system panel of the relay. The module can be withdrawn after removal of the system panel. The power supply and I/O module includes the power supply unit, the output relays with control circuits and the electronic circuits of the external control inputs. The power supply module is a transformer-connected, i.e. galvanically isolated primary and secondary circuits, flyback type DC converter. The primary side is protected with a fuse, F1, situated on the PC board of the module. The fuse size is 1 A (slow). The green LED indicator Uaux on the front panel is lit when the power supply unit is in operation. The supervision of the voltages supplying the electronic circuits is integrated into the relay module. A self-supervision alarm is received once a secondary voltage deviates from its rated value by more than 25%. An alarm signal is also received, if the power supply module is removed or the auxiliary voltage supply to the relay is interrupted.
The power supply and I/O module is available in two versions with the following input voltages: - SPTU 240 R4 - SPTU 48 R4 Uaux = 80...265 V ac/dc Uaux = 18...80 V dc
The voltage range of the power supply module of the relay is marked on the system panel of the relay. The output signals SS1 and TS1...TS2 of the mother PC board control an output relay with the same designation. The operation of a stage is not fixed to a specific output relay, but can be configured for the desired relay. However, it should be noted that the output relays TS1 and TS2 can be used for circuit breaker control. The configuration of the switchgroups is described in the module-specific manuals. The switchgroups of the relay modules are used for configuring the external control inputs, which can be used for blocking one or several protection stages, resetting operation indicators or selecting second settings, etc.
Technical data (modified 2001-04)
Voltage input Rated voltage Un (programmable) Terminal numbers Continuous voltage withstand Rated burden of voltage input at Un
100 V (110 V, 115 V, 120 V) 13-14 2 x Un <0.5 VA
Output contacts Trip contacts Terminal numbers Rated voltage Continuous current carrying capacity Make and carry 0.5 s Make and carry 3 s Breaking capacity for dc when the control circuit time constant L/R 40 ms at the control voltage levels - 220 V dc - 110 V dc - 48 V dc Signal contacts Terminal numbers Rated voltage Continuous current carrying capacity Make and carry 0.5 s Make and carry 3 s Breaking capacity for dc when the control circuit time constant L/R 40 ms at the control voltage levels - 220 V dc - 110 V dc - 48 V dc
85-86, 87-88 250 V ac/dc 5A 30 A 15 A 1A 3A 5A 68-69, 70-71-72 250 V ac/dc 5A 10 A 8A 0.15 A 0.25 A 1A
External control inputs Blocking/control (BS1...BS4) Terminal numbers External control voltage Current drain of activated control input
10-11, 22-23, 45-46, 47-48 18...250 V dc or 80...250 V ac 2...20 mA
Power supply module SPTU 240R4 Rated voltage Operative range SPTU 48R4 Rated voltage Operative range Power consumption under quiescent/ operation conditions
Un = 100/120/230 V ac Un = 110/125/220 V dc U = 80...265 V dc Un = 24/48/60 V dc U = 18...80 V dc 7 W/9 W
Combined frequency and rate of change of frequency relay module SPCF 1D15 - see "Technical data" in the description of the module. Data communication Transmission mode Coding Data transfer rate, selectable Bus connection modules for fibre-optic data transfer - for plastic core cables - for glass-fibre cables Modules with internal power supply unit - for plastic core cables - for glass-fibre cables Insulation Tests *) Dielectric test IEC 60255-5 Impulse voltage test IEC 60255-5 Insulation resistance measurement IEC 60255-5 Electromagnetic Compatibility Tests *) High-frequency (1 MHz) burst disturbance test IEC 60255-22-1 - common mode - differential mode Electrostatic discharge test IEC 60255-22-2 and IEC 61000-4-2 - contact discharge - air discharge Fast transient disturbance test IEC 60255-22-4 and IEC 61000-4-4 - power supply - I/O ports Mechanical environmental tests Vibration test, IEC 60255-21-1 Chock/bump test, IEC 60255-21-2 Seismic test, IEC 60255-21-3 Environmental conditions Service temperature range Transport and storage temperature range Temperature influence Relative humidity Degree of protection by enclosure of flushmounting relay case Weight of fully equipped relay
Fibre-optic serial bus ASCII 4800 Bd or 9600 Bd SPA-ZC 21 BB SPA-ZC 21 MM SPA-ZC 17 BB SPA-ZC 17 MM
2 kV, 50 Hz, 1 min 5 kV, 1.2/50 s, 0.5 J >100 M, 500 Vdc
2.5 kV 1.0 kV 6 kV 8 kV 4 kV 2 kV
class 2 class 2 class 2
-10... +55C -40...+70C 0.05/frequency measurement in the range -10C+55C <0.2%/C, voltage measurement 93...95%, +55C, 6 cycles IP54 3 kg
*) The tests do not apply to the serial port, which is used exclusively for the bus connection module.
Example of application Example: Frequency relay SPAF 140 C used for generator and turbine protection
Normally, the frequency of the generator is determined by the external network. If power consumption exceeds the power generated, there will be a power deficiency and, as a result, a frequency decline. As the frequency drops, the regulator tries to boost the capacity of the generator prime mover, causing the frequency to return to normal. Correspondingly, if power consumption is smaller than power generation, the frequency of the network increases. Unless it is possible to increase the capacity of the prime mover so that it correspond to the load, the power deficiency remains permanent and the network frequency starts declining. Under normal conditions, the rate of the frequency drop automatically slows down, and may even stop, because power consumption generally decreases as the frequency falls (compare
pump and squirrel-cage motor). Sometimes, for instance in island operation, the network frequency can drop to a level that is hazardous to the turbine of the generator. Mechanical vibration of the turbine blades due to underfrequency may break the blades. A moderate level of overfrequency does not damage the generator but, for instance, a sudden load disconnection may cause the system to accelerate so fast that the speed regulation does not respond fast enough, and the generator and the prime mover reach dangerous rotational speeds. The frequency relay SPAF 140 C can be used to protect the generator and the turbine against both overfrequency and underfrequency.
A N
0 + 1
n a d 1 0
Rx
Tx
+ (~) Uaux - (~) BS4 BS3 BS2 BS1 IRF Alarm SS1 TS1 + Alarm TS2 SERIAL PORT (SPA)
X0
63 13 14 16
48
47 46
45 23
22 11
10
62
61
70 71 72
68 69
85 86
87 88
100 V Not Used
~ _ =
U3
U2
U1 4 f
4 BS1 BS2 BS3 BS4 BS5 df/dt
IRF SS1 TS1 SS2 TS2 SS3 TS3 SS4 TS4 I/O
Fig. 4. Frequency relay SPAF 140 C used for the protection of a generator and a turbine.
SPA-ZC_
Four protection stages, two signalling and two tripping, are used in the example described. Stage 2 produces an alarm signal, if the frequency exceeds the rated frequency, and stage 3, correspondingly, if the frequency falls below the rated frequency. The selected alarm limits allow the generator and the turbine to operate for a long time with the concerned frequency, without any risk of being damaged.
Should the frequency decrease or increase to a dangerous level, the relay provides a trip signal. The protection also includes a blocking input which can be used for blocking the relay operation, for instance, during the start of the generator. The start values and operate times of the protection stages and the timers controlling the individual circuit breakers are shown in Fig. 5. The designations used in Fig. 5 refer to Fig. 4. Relay output TS1 SS1 TS2 * TS1 Function Tripping Overfrequency alarm Underfrequency alarm Tripping
Stage 1 2 3 4
Operate value (Hz) 53.0 51.5 48.5 47.0
Delay 0.30 1.00 1.00 0.30
Timer t1 t2 t3 t4
*)The trip contact TS2 is used for underfrequency alarm, because only one trip contact is required for the protection. Fig. 5. Setting of the protection stages of frequency relay SPAF 140 C used for the protection of a generator and a turbine. In the case described in the example the switches of the frequency relay SPAF 140 C can be set as follows: Setting of t, relay module SPCF 1D15 Switch- Serial comm. Checksum group parameter SGF1 SGF2 SGF3 SGF4 SGF5 SGF6 SGF7 SGB1 SGB2 SGB3 SGB4 SGB5 SGB6 SGR1 SGR2 SGR3 SGR4 SGR5 SGR6 SGR7 SGR8 SGR9 S84 S85 S86 S87 S88 S89 S90 S91 S92 S93 S94 S95 S96 S97 S98 S99 S100 S101 S102 S103 S104 S105 1 1 1 1 255 2 0 15 0 0 0 0 15 2 0 1 0 8 0 2 0 0 Operation Only frequency function Only frequency function Only frequency function Only frequency function Outputs continuously operated TS1 connected to LED indicator TRIP Un = 100 V Blocking via external control signal BS1 External control signal BS2 not in use External control signal BS3 not in use External control signal BS4 not in use External control signal BS5 not in use Undervoltage blocking to all stages Overfrequency trip signal to trip contact TS1 Not in use Underfrequency alarm signal to signal contact SS1 Not in use Underfrequency alarm signal to trip contact TS2 Not in use Underfrequency trip signal to trip contact TS1 Not in use No recovery function
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Testing
The relay should be subjected to regular tests in accordance with national regulations and instructions. The manufacturer recommends an interval of five years between the tests. The test should be carried out as a primary test, which includes the entire protection arrangement, from the instrument transformers to the circuit breakers. The test can also be carried out as a secondary injection test. Then the relay has to be disconnected during the test procedure. However, it is recommended to check the function of the signal and trip circuits as well. Note! Make sure that the secondary circuits of the current transformers under no condition open or are open, when the relay is disconnected and during the test procedure. The test is recommended to be carried out using the normal setting values of the relay and the energizing inputs used. When required, the test can be extended to include more setting values.
As the settings of the relay modules affect the operation of the relay (overfrequency/underfrequency relay) and thus also the test procedure, these instructions describe the general features of the test procedure. The test procedure presented here applies to the underfrequency relay. A voltage supply unit allowing voltage and frequency to be regulated is recommended to be used. In addition, instruments for measuring voltage, frequency and time are required. During the test procedure the relay records frequencies, rates of change of frequency, voltages and relay operations. If the recorded data is used for the collection of information for longer time periods (for example, AR counters), these registers should be read before the test procedure is started. After the test the registers are reset and, if required, the readings of the AR counters can be restored. The relay settings may have to be changed during testing. A PC program is recommended to be used to read the relay settings before the test is started.
Testing of the combined frequency and rate of change of frequency relay module SPCF 1D15 General Start value
The protection stages are tested with respect to: - start value - trip time - trip indication, output relay operation
Test the start value by gradually dropping the frequency, starting from the rated value, until the relay starts. Record the frequency required for starting. The value should be within the permitted tolerances. If the resetting value is to be tested as well, drop the frequency, until the relay starts, and then increase the frequency again, until the relay resets. When multi-stage protection relays are tested, the operation of the higher-set stages may cause
problems to the testing of lower-set stages. Then it is generally necessary to delay the operation of the higher-set stages by changing the setting values, or totally block the operation of the higher stages by reconfiguring the SGR switches. In such a case it is recommended to start the test from the lowest stage and then proceed to higher-set stages. The advantage of this method is that the original settings of the stages really are restored, because otherwise the test cannot be carried out successfully.
Trip time
Apply a voltage of rated frequency to the relay. Then drop the frequency of the voltage to a value below the setting value. The frequency of the supply voltage should be such that the difference between the trip level and the frequency of the supply voltage is about twice the difference between the rated frequency and the trip level. However, the absolute value of the rate of change of frequency must not exceed 70 Hz/s, because the relay perceives such a situation as a
disturbance and delays tripping by two cycles. The operate time is the time from the moment the frequency starts changing, until the relay operates. The accuracy of the operate times should be within the permitted tolerances. The resetting time is the time measured from the moment the current switch is opened, until the relay resets.
11
Maintenance and repairs
When the protection relay is used under the conditions specified in "Technical data", it requires practically no maintenance. The relay includes no parts or components that are sensitive to physical or electrical wear under normal operating conditions. Should the temperature and humidity at the operating site differ from the values specified, or the atmosphere contain chemically active gases or dust, the relay should be visually inspected in association with the secondary testing of the relay. This visual inspection should focus on: - Signs of mechanical damage to relay case and terminals - Collection of dust inside the relay case; remove with compressed air - Signs of corrosion on terminals, case or inside the relay
If the relay malfunctions or the operating values differ from those specified, the relay should be overhauled. Minor measures can be taken by the customer but any major repair involving the electronics has to be carried out by the manufacturer. Please contact the manufacturer or his nearest representative for further information about checking, overhaul and recalibration of the relay. The protection relay contains circuits that are sensitive to electrostatic discharge. If you have to withdraw a relay module, ensure that you are at the same potential as the module, for instance, by touching the case. Note! Protection relays are measuring instruments and should be handled with care and protected against moisture and mechanical stress, especially during transport. SPCF 1D15 SPTU 240R4 SPTU 48R4 SPTK 1E18 SPA-ZC 17_ SPA-ZC 21_ RS 452 001-AA, CA RS 452 201-AA, CA
Spare parts
Combined frequency and rate of change of frequency relay module Combined power supply and I/O module - U = 80...265 V ac/dc (operative range) - U = 18...80 V dc (operative range) Case (including connection module) Bus connection module
Order numbers (modified 98-03)
Frequency relay SPAF 140 C without test adapter: Frequency relay SPAF 140 C with test adapter RTXP 18:
The letter combinations of the order number indicate the auxiliary voltage Uaux of the protection relay. The rated frequency is selected in the software. AA: Uaux = 80...265 V ac/dc CA: Uaux = 18...80 V dc
12
Dimension drawings and mounting
The basic model of the protection relay case is designed for flush-mounting. When required, raising frames can be used for reducing the mounting depth of the case: type SPA-ZX 111 reduces the depth by 40 mm, type SPA-ZX 112 by 80 mm and type SPA-ZX 113 by 120 mm.
A relay case type SPA-ZX 110 is available for surface mounting.
142 30
250 216 186
34
162
129 1
136
139 1
Panel cut-out
Raising frame SPA-ZX 111 SPA-ZX 112 SPA-ZX 113
a 176 136 96
b 74 114 154
Fig. 12. Dimension and mounting drawings for frequency relay SPAF 140 C. The relay case is made of profile aluminium and painted grey. The rubber gasket fitted to the mounting collar provides an IP 54 degree of protection by enclosure between the relay case and the mounting base. The hinged cover of the case is made of transparent, UV-stabilized polycarbonate polymer and provided with two sealable locking screws. The rubber gasket of the cover provides an IP 54 degree of protection between the case and the cover. Ordering information The required input and output circuits are connected to the screw terminals on the rear panel. Each terminal screw is dimensioned for one wire of maximum 6 mm2 or two wires of maximum 2.5 mm2. Some of the control inputs are situated in the detachable 6-pole connector. The 9-pole D-type connector is intended for serial communication.
1. Number and type designation 2. Order number 3. Auxiliary voltage 4. Accessories 6. Special requirements
Example 10 SPAF 140 C units RS 454 001 -AA Uaux = 110 V dc 10 bus connection modules SPA-ZC 17 MM2A
13
SPCF 1D15 Combined Frequency and Rate of Change of Frequency Relay Module
f > < df > dt <
IRF
f n [ Hz ] U < /U n f 1 [ Hz ] , t 1, t 1 [ s ] f 2 [ Hz ] , t 2, t 2 [ s ] [ Hz ] f3 , t 3, t 3 [ s ] f 4 [ Hz ] , t 4, t 4 [ s ]
RESET STEP
df / dt [ Hz / s ]
0024C
PROGRAM
SPCF 1D15
1MRS 750583-MUM EN Issued 1996-11-05 Modified 2004-03-16 Version D Checked PS Approved M

SPCF 1D15 Combined Frequency and Rate of Change of Frequency Relay Module
Contents
Features .......................................................................................................................... 2 Description of operation ................................................................................................. 3 Filtering of energizing inputs ..................................................................................... 3 Frequency measurement ............................................................................................ 3 Rate of change of frequency measurement ................................................................. 3 Overfrequency ........................................................................................................... 3 Underfrequency ......................................................................................................... 4 Rate of change of frequency ....................................................................................... 4 Recovery function ...................................................................................................... 4 Output signals ........................................................................................................... 5 Second settings .......................................................................................................... 5 Resetting.................................................................................................................... 5 Block diagram ................................................................................................................. 6 Front panel ..................................................................................................................... 7 Operation indicators ....................................................................................................... 8 Settings (modified 2004-03) ............................................................................................ 9 Configuration switches (modified 1997-01) .................................................................. 10 Measured data............................................................................................................... 14 Recorded data (modified 2002-06) ................................................................................ 14 Menu chart (modified 1997-01) .................................................................................... 16 Technical data (modified 2004-03) ................................................................................ 18 Serial communication parameters ................................................................................. 19 Event codes .............................................................................................................. 19 Remote transfer data (modified 2004-03)................................................................. 21 Fault codes .................................................................................................................... 26 Four protection stages, each of which can be used for either overfrequency or underfrequency protection. Any stage can be set out of operation. Each protection stage incorporates a rate of change of frequency function, which can be used alone or together with the overfrequency/underfrequency function. When required, the rate of change of frequency function can be disconnected. Each protection stage is provided with two adjustable timers Programmable recovery function Programmable undervoltage blocking Programmable rated frequency Output relay matrix allowing any trip signal to be linked to the desired output signal Digital display of measured and set values and data recorded at the instant of a fault Reading and writing of setting values via display and front panel push-buttons, a PC with setting software, or from higher system levels over the serial bus Continuous self-supervision of electronics and microprocessor operation. On detection of a permanent fault, the self-supervision system delivers a control signal to the signal relay and blocks the other outputs.
Features
Description of operation Filtering of energizing input
The relay module contains two filters: a lowpass filter for voltage measurement and a bandpass filter for frequency measurement. The purpose
A [dB]
of the filters is to suppress the harmonics of the measured signal. Fig. 1 illustrates harmonics suppression as a function of frequency.
10 0
Voltage measurement
Frequency measurement
-100 1 10
50 60
100
150 180
250 300
1000
f [Hz]
Fig. 1. Harmonics suppression of the energizing input of relay module SPCF 1D15 Frequency measurement Frequency measurement is based on measuring the time between the zero crossings of a signal. The frequency is calculated as a moving average so that the length of the averaging can be selected by the customer. The number of cycles to be used for the calculation can be selected in the range from 3 to 20 cycles. When the calculation is based on three cycles, the measurement response time will be short and, consequently, the trip time as well. On the other hand, when twenty cycles are used the response time will be long, but the effect of the noise possibly occurring in the signal will be small. Rate of change of frequency measurement The calculation of the rate of change of frequency is based on two successive frequency values, calculated as moving values over three cycles. Changing of the number of cycles to be used in the frequency measurement does not When the setting value is above the rated frequency programmed, the protection stage operates as an overfrequency stage. The setting value cannot be the same as the rated frequency. Once the frequency exceeds the setting value of the stage concerned, the stage starts and, at the same time, a start indicating operation code appears on the display. Should the stage still be operated, when the operate time of the stage In addition to the filtering described above, the trip time of the relay is affected by the rated frequency selected. The minimum trip time of the relay is obtained from the formula: -3fn + 254 85 tmin = n + [ms], 10 2 where n is the number of cycles used and fn the rated frequency. However, the minimum trip time is at least 100 ms. Should a trip time shorter than the calculated time be set for the relay, the setting will be ignored.
affect the measurement of the rate of change of frequency. When the rate of change of frequency function is used, the minimum trip time is 150 ms. expires, it trips, delivering the configured trip signal. The tripping of the stages can be prevented by applying an external control signal BS1...BS5 to the relay module. The switchgroups SGB1... SGB5 are used for configuring the external blocking signals. In addition, the undervoltage blocking function (switchgroup SGR6) can be used for blocking the stage.
3
Overfrequency
Underfrequency
A protection stage has the function of an underfrequency stage, when the setting value is below the rated frequency. The setting value cannot be the same as the rated frequency. Each protection stage incorporates a rate of change of frequency (df/dt) function, which can be used alone or together with the frequency function. The operation principle of the rate of change of frequency function is the same as that of the overfrequency/underfrequency stage. This means that if the frequency setting of this particular stage is above the rated frequency, the rate of change of the frequency has to be positive to make the df/dt function become true. Correspondingly, the rate of change of frequency has to be negative, if the stage has the function of an underfrequency stage. The same principle also applies, when the df/dt function is used alone, without the frequency function. When the df/dt function is used alone, the stage starts once the absolute value of the rate of change of the frequency is greater than the setting value of the stage. At the same time as the stage starts, a start indicating code appears on the display. Should the protection stage still be
The underfrequency stage operates in the same way as the overfrequency stage, but starts, when the frequency falls below its setting value.
Rate of change of frequency
operated, when the set operate time expires, it trips, delivering the programmed trip signal. When the df/dt function is used together with the frequency function, the stage starts when the operation criteria for both functions, i.e. the df/dt function and the frequency function, are fulfilled at the same time. Should the protection stage still be operated (both conditions for operation fulfilled), when the set operate time expires, the stage trips, delivering the configured trip signal. The rate of change of frequency function is recommended to be used together with the frequency function. The minimum trip time is 150 ms, when the rate of change of frequency function is used. This means that if the rate of change of frequency function is enabled with the SGF switches, the minimum operate time of the timer is 150 ms. When the frequency function is used alone, the minimum operate time is 100 ms. The timer of the recovery function resets and remains reset as long as one single protection stage selected is in a tripped condition. At the same time the normally activated recovery output resets. After resetting, the operate time is calculated for the time when the frequency remains within the specified limits. When the operate time elapses, the recovery function operates and the output is activated. At the same time, an operation code indicating activation of the recovery function appears on the display. An external control signal can be used to prevent both recovery functions in progress and the start of new ones.
Recovery function
In addition to the four protections stages the module incorporates a recovery stage. This recovery stage can be used to control the desired output relay when, after tripping of the protection stage, the frequency returns to normal and remains within the setting range throughout the operate time of the recovery function. The permitted limits for recovery is defined as a frequency window, the centre of which is the programmed rated frequency of the module. The limit to be set is the maximum permitted frequency deviation from the rated frequency (fn fr) of the module.
Output signals
Switchgroups SGR1...SGR9 can be used to link the start or trip signal of any protection stage to the desired outputs SS1...SS4 or TS1...TS4. Two output operation modes, i.e. a continuously energized or a pulse-mode output operation can be selected for the output signals SS1...SS4 and TS1...TS4(switches SGF5/1...8). A continuously energized output remains active as long as the protection stage controlling it is active. When a pulse output is used, the output remains active only as long as the preprogrammed pulse
is present, even though the protection stage controlling the output stays active. Resetting of the output relays appears from the table in paragraph "Resetting". The TRIP indicator on the front panel can be set to indicate activation of any output signal. The operation indicator remains lit, when the output signal resets. The switchgroup SGF6 is used for selecting these functions.
Second setting
Either the main settings or the second settings can be selected as the actual setting values used. Shifting between main setting and second setting values can be done in three ways as follows: 1. Over the serial bus, using command V150. 2. By using any external control signal. 3. Via the push-buttons of the relay module, in subregister 4 of register A. When the value of subregister 4 is 0, the main settings are used and when the value is 1, the second setting values are used.
The main and second settings can be read and set over the serial bus, by using the S parameters. The push-buttons on the front panel can be used for reading and setting only the actual setting values used. When the second settings are in use, the indicator of the selected setting is flashing. Note. If external control signals have been used for selecting the main setting or the second setting, shifting between the settings cannot be done over the serial bus or with the push-buttons on the front panel. codes on the display and the registers of the relay module. See the table below.
Resetting
The push-buttons on the front panel, an external control signal or a serial communication parameter can be used for resetting the operation Way of resetting RESET PROGRAM (display dark) RESET & PROGRAM External control signal BS1...5, when SGF_/7 = 1 SGF_/8 = 1 Parameter V102
Resetting of indicators x x x
Resetting of registers
x x x
x x
Block diagram
Hardware
U12
T #f #
df > dt < & f > <

1
SGF1/3 SGF1/2 SGF1/1
t1 1 t1'
SGR2/x 2 SGF5/2 SGR1/x 1 SGF5/1
SGF6/1 1 t 0 SS1
SGF6/2 t TS1
U<
BS1 BS2 BS3 BS2 BS5
SGB6/x SGB1/x SGB2/x SGB3/x SGB4/x SGB5/x
df > dt < & f > <

2
SGF6/3 SGF2/3 SGF2/2 SGF2/1
t2 1 t2'
SGR4/x SGR3/x
SGF5/3
SS2
SGF6/4 4 SGF5/4 t TS2
SGF6/5 5 SGF3/3 SGF3/2 SGF3/1 SGF5/5 t SS3
df > dt < & f > <

3
t3 1 t3'
SGR6/x SGF6/7 7 SGF5/7 t SS4 SGR5/x 6 SGF5/6 t SGF6/6 TS3
df > dt < & f > <

4
SGF4/3 SGF4/2 SGF4/1
t4 1 t4'
SGR8/x SGR7/x 8 SGF5/8 t
SGF6/8 TS4
Reset button System restart
S R
TRIP
(fn-fr)>
Recovery function Set Reset Count Start Count
&
(fn+fr)<
SGR9/x
6 7 8
Settings (main/2nd) Reset trip indicators Reset trip indicators and registers
SGF 1...4/4 = 1 Operation indicator latched Un Switch SGF 7/1 SGF 7/2 SGF 7/3 = 1 100V 0 0 Un Un= 3 110V 1 0 115V 0 1 120V 1 1
Fig. 2. Block diagram for the combined frequency and rate of change of frequency relay module SPCF 1D15 U12 BS1...BS5 SGF1...SGF7 SGB1...SGB6 SGR1...SGR9 TS1...TS4 SS1...SS4 TRIP Phase-to-phase voltage External control signals Switchgroups for relay configuration Switchgroup for external control signals Switchgroup for output relay matrix Output signals Red operation indicator
Note! All input and output signals of the relay module are not necessarily wired to the terminals of each protection relay containing this module.
The signals wired to the terminals are shown in the signal diagram of the concerned protection relay.
Front panel
> f < df > dt <
Simplified device symbol Self-supervision alarm indicator Display
Indicators for measured values, voltage U and frequency f
IRF
Indicator for rated frequency setting Indicator for undervoltage setting Indicator for protection stage 1 settings Indicator for protection stage 2 settings Indicator for protection stage 3 settings Indicator for protection stage 4 settings Indicator for df/dt settings Indicator for recovery function settings Indicator for SGF settings Indicator for SGB checksum Indicator for SGR checksum
0024C
RESET STEP
Reset and display step push-button
df / dt [ Hz / s ]
PROGRAM
Pogramming push-button Trip indicator Type designation of relay module
SPCF 1D15
Fig.3. Front panel of the combined frequency and rate of change of frequency relay module SPCF 1D15
Operation indicators
Each protection stage has its own red start and trip operation code, presented as a number on the display. In addition, at the right bottom corner of the relay module, there is a TRIP indicator that is shared by all the protection stages. The switchgroup SGR6 is used for programming this TRIP indicator. The operation code indicating tripping and the red TRIP indicator remain lit, when the relay has delivered a trip signal. Thus the tripping stage is easily identified. The trip code and the operation indicator remain lit, even though the stage that caused tripping resets, and have to be separately reset. The start indicating code numbers, on the other hand, go out once the protection stage resets. Should the stage provide a Operation code 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A Parameter V10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Symbol
trip signal before resetting, the start indicating numbers turn to indicate tripping. When required, the start indicating numbers can be set to remain start indicators (switches SGF1...4/4). The operation indicators, which require separate resetting, are reset via the push-buttons on the front panel of the relay, with an external control signal, or over the serial communication bus, see the table in "Description of operation". Non-reset operation indicators do not affect the operation of the relay module. The table below gives an explanation of the symbols of the start and trip indicating code numbers presented on the display and with the serial communication parameter V10. Explanation Stage 1 started Stage 1 tripped Stage 2 started Stage 2 tripped Stage 3 started Stage 3 tripped Stage 4 started Stage 4 tripped Recovery function in progress, timer is running Recovery function operated
Once the self-supervision system of the relay has detected a permanent fault, the self-supervision alarm indicator IRF is lit. At the same time, the relay module delivers a control signal to the selfsupervision contacts of the relay assembly. In addition, in most fault cases, a fault code con-
sisting of a red number one (1) and a green code number appears on the display of the module. This fault code, which cannot be removed from the display by resetting, gives a fault diagnosis. The code number should always be stated, when service is ordered.
Settings (modified 2004-03)
The setting values are indicated by the three digits to the right on the display. A LED indicator in front of the setting value symbol on the front panel indicates the setting value displayed Setting fn [Hz] Description Rated frequency
at the moment. The factory setting is given in brackets. The symbol "//" indicates that the setting is found in a submenu.
Setting range (Factory setting)
30.00...65.00 Hz (50 Hz) //Number of cycles to be used in frequency measurement 3...20 (6 cycles) 0.30...0.90 x Un (0.60 x Un) 25.00...70.00 Hz (51.00 Hz) 0.1...300 s (0.50 s) *) 0.1...300 s (0.15 s) *) 25.00...70.00 Hz (49.00 Hz) 0.1...300 s (1.00 s) *) 0.1...300 s (0.15 s) *) 25.00...70.00 Hz (48.00 Hz) 0.1...300 s (20.00 s) *) 0.1...300 s (0.15 s) *) 25.00...70.00 Hz (47.00 Hz) 0.1...300 s (1.00 s) *) 0.1...300 s (0.15 s) *) 0.2 ...10.0 Hz/s (1.0 Hz/s) 0.10...10 Hz (0.20 Hz) (10 min)
U</Un f1 [Hz] t1 [s] t'1 [s] f2 [Hz] t2 [s] t'2 [s] f3 [Hz] t3 [s] t'3 [s] f4 [Hz] t4 [s] t'4 [s] Idf/dt [Hz/s] fr [Hz] tr [s]
Setting value of undervoltage blocking as a multiple of the rated voltage Un used. Setting value and operate times of stage 1
Setting value and operate times of stage 2
df/dt setting values for all of the four stages Setting value and operate time of recovery function
*) Note! The setting of operation time t1t4 and t'1t'4 = 0.10300 s is available from program version SW 131 F and later.
Configuration switches
The switches SGF1...7, SGB1...6 and SGR1...9 are used for selecting additional functions required for a specific application. The numbers of the switches, 18, and the positions, 0 and 1, are indicated on the display during the setting procedure. In normal service, only the checksums of the switchgroups are indicated on
the display. The checksums are found in the main menu of the relay modules, see "Menu chart". The tables also show the factory settings of the switches and the checksum of the factory setting. The calculation of the checksum is described in the end of this paragraph.
Switchgroups SGF14
Switch SGF1...4/1 SGF1...4/2 SGF1...4/3 SGF1...4/4
Function Frequency function alone is used Both frequency and df/dt function in use The df/dt function alone is used Operation mode for the start indicating codes of the separate protection stages. When the switch is in position 0, the start indicating operation code is automatically reset when the fault disappears. When the switch is in position 1, the code remains lit, even though the fault disappears. Not in use
Factory setting 1 0 0 0
SGF14/5-8 SGF1
0 1
Switchgroup SGF5 (modified 97-01)
The switches of switchgroup SGF5 are used for selecting the operation mode of the output signals SS1...SS4 and TS1...TS4. When the switch is in the position 1, a control signal is continuously applied to the output. This means that the output is active as long as the stage that conSwitch SGF5/1 SGF5/2 SGF5/3 SGF5/4 SGF5/5 SGF5/6 SGF5/7 SGF5/8 SGF5 Function
trols it is active. When, on the other hand, the switch is in position 0, the output is active only as long as the preset pulse is present. When the pulse disappears, the output resets, even though the stage that controls it remains active.
Factory setting 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 255
Continuously activated/pulse-mode output, signal SS1 Continuously activated/pulse-mode output, signal TS1 Continuously activated/pulse-mode output, signal SS2 Continuously activated/pulse-mode output, signal TS2 Continuously activated/pulse-mode output, signal SS3 Continuously activated/pulse-mode output, signal TS3 Continuously activated/pulse-mode output, signal SS4 Continuously activated/pulse-mode output, signal TS4
10
Switchgroup SGF6
Selection of the output signal controlling the TRIP indicator on the front panel. When the switch linked to a certain signal is in position 1, the TRIP indicator is lit once the signal is actiSwitch SGF6/1 SGF6/2 SGF6/3 SGF6/4 SGF6/5 SGF6/6 SGF6/7 SGF6/8 SGF6 Function
vated. At the same time the concerned signal starts the recovery function, provided the recovery output is in use (selected with SGR9/_ ).
The SS1 signal activates the TRIP indicator and starts the recovery function. The TS1 signal activates the TRIP indicator and starts the recovery function. The SS2 signal activates the TRIP indicator and starts the recovery function. The TS2 signal activates the TRIP indicator and starts the recovery function. The SS3 signal activates the TRIP indicator and starts the recovery function. The TS3 signal activates the TRIP indicator and starts the recovery function. The SS4 signal activates the TRIP indicator and starts the recovery function. The TS4 signal activates the TRIP indicator and starts the recovery function.
Switchgroup SGF7
The switchgroup SGF7 is used for selecting the rated voltage of the relay module. Switch 100 V SGF7/1 SGF7/2 SGF7/3 0 0 Rated voltage 110 V 115 V 1 0 0 1 Factory setting 0 0 0 69.3 V 0 0
120 V 1 1
When the switch is in position 1, the selected rated voltage is divided by 3. Then the following voltages are received: 57.7 V 63.5 V 66.4 V Not in use
SGF7/4...8 SGF7
11
Switchgroups SGB1...6
The switchgroups SGB1...6 are used for configuring the control signals BS1BS5. The matrix below can be used for the programming. The control signals and the desired functions are linked to each other, for instance, by circling the intersection of the lines. Each intersection
is marked with the number of the switch to be used and the weighting factor of the switch is given under the matrix. By adding the weighting factors of the switches selected in each switchgroup, the checksums shown to the right of the matrix are received.
main indicators second
t1
t1'
t2
t2'
t3
t3'
t4
t4'
recovery function
indicators registers
Checksum (Default setting) BS1 BS2 BS3 BS4 BS5 undervoltage blocking weighting value 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8 5 5 5 5 5 5 16 6 6 6 6 6 6 32 7 7 7 7 7 7 64 8 8 8 8 8 8 128 SGB1= (=1) SGB2= (=2) SGB3= (=4) SGB4= (=8) SGB5= (=0) SGB6= (=15)
Fig. 4. Control signal matrix for relay module SPCF 1D15 Switch SGB_/1...4 Function Blockings to be applied to the separate protection stages using control signals BS1...BS6. When a switch is in position 1, tripping by the concerned protection stage will be blocked, when the control signal is activated. Blockings to be applied to the recovery stage using control signals BS1...BS6 Switching between main settings and second settings If an external control input is used, the main setting values are active when no control voltage is applied to the input, whereas the second setting values are active, when the control input is energized. SGB_/7 SGB_/8 SGB1 SGB2 SGB3 SGB4 SGB5 SGB6 Resetting of front panel operation indicator Resetting of front panel operation indicator and registers 1 2 4 8 0 15 Factory setting
SGB_/5 SGB_/6
12
Switchgroups SGR1...9
The switchgroups SGR1...9 serve for configuring the start and trip signals of the protection stages as desired output signals SS1...SS4 or TS1...TS4. The matrix below can be used for the programming. The start and trip signals are linked to the desired output signal SS1...SS4 or TS1...
TS4, for example, by circling the intersection of the signal lines. Each intersection is marked with the number of the switch to be used and the weighting factor of the switch is given under the matrix. By adding the weighting factors of the switches selected in each switchgroup, the checksums shown to the right of the matrix are received.
output signal switchgroup SGR1 SGR2 SGR3 SGR4 SGR5 SGR6 SGR7 SGR8 SGR9 operation stage t1 t1' t2 t2' t3 t3' t4 t4'
recovery function
SS1 TS1
SS2 TS2
SS3 TS3
SS4 TS4 Checksum (Default setting)
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 16
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 32
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 64
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 128
SGR1= (=2) SGR2= (=0) SGR3= (=1) SGR4= (=0) SGR5= (=8) SGR6= (=0) SGR7= (=8) SGR8= (=0) SGR9= (=0)
weighting factor
Fig. 5. Output relay matrix for relay module SPCF 1D15. Example of checksum calculation
Switch SGF1/1 SGF1/2 SGF1/3 SGF1/4 SGF1/5 SGF1/6 SGF1/7 SGF1/8
Weighting factor 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 x x x x x x x x
Position 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 = = = = = = = =
Value 1 0 4 0 0 0 64 0 69
Checksum of switchgroup SGF1
13
Measured data
The values measured are indicated by the three green digits to the right. An exception, however, is the measured frequency, for the indication of which all of the four digits of the display LED indicator U f Measured data
can be used, see "Menu chart". The measured value being presented on the display is indicated by the yellow LEDs above the display.
Measuring range 0.0...1.40 x Un 20.00...75.00 Hz
Measured phase-to-phase voltage U12 as a multiple of the rated voltage Un of the energizing input used. Frequency of the phase-to-phase voltage U12
Recorded data (modified 2002-06)
The left-most number of the display shows the register address and the other three numbers the Register/ Recorded information STEP 1
value recorded. The structure of the registers is presented in the section "Menu chart".
The measured phase-to-phase voltage U12 as a multiple of the rated voltage Un. The register is updated once a protection stage trips. Then the previous values are moved one step forward in the memory stack, the oldest value being lost. The five latest values are stored in the memory: the most recent value in the main register and the other four values in the subregisters. Register 2 records the frequency measured. The function of the register is the same as that of register 1. Register 3 records the rate of change of frequency measured. The function is the same as that of register 1. Register 4 records the maximum and minimum frequency and rate of change of frequency. The maximum rate of change of frequency is the maximum positive derivative of the frequency. Correspondingly, the minimum rate of change of frequency is the maximum negative derivative of the frequency. The order of the register is: fmin, dfmin/dt, fmax and dfmax/dt.
2 3 4
Register 5 records the number of the stage that performed tripping and the timer from which tripping originated. The stages are numbered from 1 to 4 and the timers from 1 to 2, so possible values will be 0, 11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32, 41 and 42. The function of the register is the same as that of register 1. Start counters for stages 1...4. Display of external control inputs. The number to the right on the display indicates the status of the external control signals of the relay module. Each control signal has its own weighting factor. The number indicated on the display is the added weighting values of the active signals as follows: Weighting value 0 1 2 4 8 16 Active signal BS1 BS2 BS3 BS4 BS5 x x x x x
6 0
14
Register/ Recorded information STEP The switchgroups SGB1...5 are used for configuring the external control inputs. From this register the TEST mode can be entered. In the TEST mode the trip signals can be activated one by one. The table below shows the signal to be activated plus the corresponding LED indicator. LED indicator fn [Hz] U</Un f1 [Hz] t1 [s] f2 [Hz] t2 [s] f3 [Hz] t3 [s] f4 [Hz] t4 [s] Idf/dtI [Hz/s] fr [Hz] tr [s] SGF Signal to be activated Stage 1, output t1 Stage 1, output t1' Stage 2, output t2 Stage 2, output t2' Stage 3, output t3 Stage 3, output t3' Stage 4, output t4 Stage 4, output t4' Output of recovery stage
The function is described in detail in "General characteristics of D type relay modules". A Address code of the relay module, required for serial communication. Register A includes the following subregisters: 1. Setting of the data transfer rate of the relay module: 4.8 or 9.6 kBd. Default setting: 9.6 kBd. 2. Bus traffic monitor. If the relay module is connected to a data communication system and the data communication operates correctly, the value of the monitor is 0. Otherwise the numbers 0...255 are rolling. 3. Password required for remote setting. The password (parameter V160) should always be entered before a setting value can be changed over the serial bus. 4. Selection of main or second settings (0 = main settings, 1 = second settings). Default setting: 0. "Description of operation". In addition, the registers are cleared by an auxiliary power supply failure. The setting values, the address code, the data transfer rate and the password of the relay module are stored in a non-volatile memory and, consequently, not affected by voltage supply failures. Instructions for setting the address code and data transfer rate are given in "General characteristics of D type relay modules".
When the display is dark, access to the beginning of the main menu is admitted by pressing the STEP button for 1 s, and to the end of the menu, by pressing the STEP button for less than 0.5 s. The values recorded in registers 1...6 can be reset via the push-buttons on the front panel, an external control signal, or a serial communication parameter, see "Resetting" in the section
15
Menu chart (modified 97-01)
Main menu
STEP 0,5 s
Submenu
PROGRAM 1 s
=value that can be set in the setting mode Normal status, display off
step backwards STEP 0.5 s

Phase voltage U
Submenu
step forwards STEP 1 s
Network frequency f
4-digit network frequency f
Rated frequency fn
Number of cycles used in frequency calculation
Undervoltage blocking U<
s t e p b a c k w a r d s S T E P 0. 5 s
Protection stage 1 coarse frequency setting f1
Protection stage 1 fine frequency setting f1
Protection stage 1 operation delay t1
Protection stage 1 setting |df/dt|
M a i n m e n u
s t e p f o r w a r d s S T E P 1 s
Recovery window fr
Recovery operation delay tr [min]
Recovery operation delay tr [s]
Setting of relay switchgroup SGF1
Setting of relay switchgroup SGB1
Setting of relay switchgroup SGR1
Latest memorized event (n) value of voltage U
Event (n-1) value of voltage U
Latest memorized event (n) value of frequency f
Event (n-1) value of frequency f
Latest memorized event (n) value of |df/dt|
Event (n-1) value of |df/dt|
Minimum detected value of frequency f
Minimum detected value of |df/dt|
Maximum detected value of frequency f
Number of stage that caused the event (n)
Number of stage that caused the event (n-1)
Stage 1 starting counter
Status of external control signals
000
IRF
t1
t1'
t2
t2'
t3
t3'
t4
t4'
Recovery
Relay unit identification address for communication
Communication baud rate
Loss of bus traffic time counter 0 ... 255 s
Fig. 6. Menu chart for relay module SPCF 1D15

16
The procedure for entering a submenu or a setting mode, the configuration of the module and the use of the TEST mode are described in deDesired step or function One step forward in main menu or submenu Rapid browse forward in main menu One step backward in main menu or submenu Entering a submenu from the main menu Entering or quitting a setting mode Incrementing a value in the setting mode Moving the cursor in the setting mode Storing a setting value in the setting mode Resetting of memorized values
tail in "General characteristics of D type relay modules". Below a short guide:

Push-button Action Press for more than 0.5 s Keep depressed Press less than 0.5 s Press for 1 s (activated when the button is released) Press for 5 s Press for 1 s Press simultaneously
STEP STEP STEP PROGRAM PROGRAM STEP PROGRAM STEP & PROGRAM STEP & PROGRAM
Protection stage 1 operation delay t1'
Maximum detected value of |df/dt|
Password for altering settings
Selection of main vs second setting
17
Technical data (modified 2004-03)
Frequency function Rated frequency Measuring range Setting range Number of cycles to be used for frequency measurement Operation accuracy Minimum voltage to be measured Rate of change of frequency function Setting range Operation accuracy Timer function Setting range *) Operate time accuracy Undervoltage blocking Measuring range Setting range Operation accuracy (in the range 25...70 Hz) Recovery function Setting range (max. deviation from rated frequency) Operate time Operate time accuracy
30.00...65.00 Hz 20.00...75.00 Hz 25.00...70.00 Hz 3...20 cycles 10 mHz 0.25 x Un
0.2...10.0 Hz/s 150 mHz/s
0.1...300.0 s 1% or 30 ms
0...1.40 x Un 0,30...0.90 x Un 3% of setting value
0.1...10.0 Hz 1 s...120 min 59 s 1% or 30 ms
*) The minimum operate time depends on the rated frequency and the number of cycles to be used in the frequency measurement. See frequency measurement in "Description of operation".
18
Serial communication parameters Event codes
Event codes have been defined for starting and tripping of the separate protection stages and for the output signal states. The event codes can be transmitted to higher system levels over the Event mask V153 V154 V155 V156 V157 V158 V159 Codes E1...E6 E7...E12 E13...E18 E19...E24 E25...E32 E33...E40 E41...E45
serial bus. An event to be communicated is marked with the factor 1. An event mask is formed by adding the weighting factors of the events communicated. Setting range 0...63 0...63 0...63 0...63 0...255 0...255 0...31 Factory setting 21 21 21 21 85 85 11
Event codes of protection relay module SPCF 1D15: Code E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 Event Starting of stage 1 Resetting of stage 1 Tripping of stage 1, timer 1 Tripping of stage 1 (timer 1) reset Tripping of stage 1, timer 2 Tripping of stage 1 (timer 2) reset Event mask V153, factory setting E7 E8 E9 E10 E11 E12 Starting of stage 2 Resetting of stage 2 Tripping of stage 2, timer 1 Tripping of stage 2 (timer 1) reset Tripping of stage 2, timer 2 Tripping of stage 2 (timer 2) reset Event mask V154, factory setting E13 E14 E15 E16 E17 E18 Starting of stage 3 Resetting of stage 3 Tripping of stage 3, timer 1 Tripping of stage 3 (timer 1) reset Tripping of stage 3, timer 2 Tripping of stage 3 (timer 2) reset Event mask V155, factory setting E19 E20 E21 E22 E23 E24 Starting of stage 4 Resetting of stage 4 Tripping of stage 4, timer 1 Tripping of stage 4 (timer 1) reset Tripping of stage 4, timer 2 Tripping of stage 4 (timer 2) reset Event mask V156, factory setting 1 2 4 8 16 32 1 2 4 8 16 32 1 2 4 8 16 32 No. representing the event 1 2 4 8 16 32 Factory setting 1 0 1 0 1 0 21 1 0 1 0 1 0 21 1 0 1 0 1 0 21 1 0 1 0 1 0 21
19
Code E25 E26 E27 E28 E29 E30 E31 E32
Event Output signal SS1 activated Output signal SS1 reset Output signal SS2 activated Output signal SS2 reset Output signal SS3 activated Output signal SS3 reset Output signal SS4 activated Output signal SS4 reset Event mask V157, factory setting
No. representing the event 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128
E33 E34 E35 E36 E37 E38 E39 E40
Output signal TS1 activated Output signal TS1 reset Output signal TS2 activated Output signal TS2 reset Output signal TS3 activated Output signal TS3 reset Output signal TS4 activated Output signal TS4 reset Event mask V158, factory setting
1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128
1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 85
E41 E42 E43 E44 E45
Recovery function in progress Recovery function stops Recovery function interrupted Recovery function output operates Recovery function output resets Event mask V159, factory setting
1 2 4 8 16
1 1 0 1 0 11
E50 E51 E52 E53 E54
Restart of microprocessor Overflow of event register Temporary disturbance in data communication No response from the module over the data communication Module responds again over the data communication
* * * * *
Explanation 0 Not included in event reporting 1 Included in event reporting * No code number, always communicated - cannot be programmed The codes E50...E54 and the events represented by these cannot be excluded from event reporting. The event codes E52...E54 are generated by a control data communicator (for instance SRIO 1000M)
20
Remote transfer data (modified 2004-03)
In addition to the event codes, input data (I data), output data (O data), setting values (S data) memorized data (V data), and some other data can be read from the module over the serial bus. The values of parameters marked with "W" can be changed over the SPA bus. When a setting value is to be changed, either via the push-buttons on the front panel or over the serial bus, the relay module checks whether the given parameter value is legal. A value outside the permitted setting range will be ignored, in which case the old setting will be retained. To change a setting parameter over the serial bus a password in the range 1- 999 will generally be needed. The factory setting is 1. The password is opened by giving the serial communication parameter V160 a numerical value. The parameter V161 is used for closing the password. The password is also closed by a power
supply failure. The push-buttons of the relay module or a command given over the serial bus can be used for changing the password. To be able to change the password over the serial bus, the password first has to be opened. The new password is entered using the parameter V161. When the push-buttons are used for changing the password, the new password is written over the old one in subregister 3 of register A. Should the wrong password be given seven times in succession, the password turns into zero and can no longer be opened over the serial bus. Then it can be given a new value only using the push-buttons. R = data to be read from the module W = data to be written to the module (P) = writing enabled through a password
Input data
The parameters I1...I4 can be used for reading measured values (R) and status data of external control signals. Data Phase-to-phase voltage U12 Network frequency Rate of change of frequency df/dt External control signals BS1...BS5 Parameter I1 I2 I3 I4 Values 0.00...1.4 x Un 20.00...75.00 Hz -10.0...+10.0 Hz/s 0...31 Variable value explained in "Recorded information"
21
Outputs
Status data of protection stages Protection stage/operation Frequency function of stage 1 started Stage 1 tripped, operate time t1 Stage 1 tripped, operate time t1 df/dt function of stage 1 started Frequency function of stage 2 started Stage 2 tripped, operate time t2 Stage 2 tripped, operate time t2 df/dt function of stage 2 started Frequency function of stage 3 started Stage 3 tripped, operate time t3 Stage 3 tripped, operate time t3 df/dt function of stage 3 started Frequency function of stage 4 started Stage 4 tripped, operate time t4 Stage 4 tripped, operate time t4 df/dt function of stage 4 started Recovery function started, timer is running Recovery function operated Undervoltage blocking Output signals Output signal Output signal SS1 Output signal TS1 Output signal SS2 Output signal TS2 Output signal SS3 Output signal TS3 Output signal SS4 Output signal TS4 O6 (R,W,P) Weighting factor 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 Parameter (R) O1 Weighting factor 1 2 4 8 1 2 4 8 1 2 4 8 1 2 4 8 1 2 4
O2
O3
O4
O5
Setting values
Setting
Actual values (R) (R,W,P) S1 S2 S3 S6 S7 S8 S9
Main sett. Sec. sett. Setting range values values (R,W,P) S61 S62 S63 S66 S67 S68 S69 S121 S122 S123 S126 S127 S128 S129 30.0...65.0 Hz 3...20 cycles 0.30...0.90 x Un 25.00...70.00 Hz 25.00...70.00 Hz 25.00...70.00 Hz 25.00...70.00 Hz
Rated frequency fn Number of counting cycles used Undervoltage blocking setting value U< Start value f1, stage 1 Start value f2, stage 2 Start value f3, stage 3 Start value f4, stage 4
22
Setting
Actual values (R) (R,W,P) S10 S11 S12 S13 S14 S15 S16 S17 S18 S19 S20 S21 S22 S23 S24 S25 S26 S27 S28 S29 S30 S31 S32 S33 S34 S35 S36 S37 S38 S39 S40 S41 S42 S43 S44 S45 S46 S47 S48 S49 S50 S51 S52 S53
Main sett. Sec. sett. values values (R,W,P) S70 S71 S72 S73 S74 S75 S76 S77 S78 S79 S80 S81 S82 S83 S84 S85 S86 S87 S88 S89 S90 S91 S92 S93 S94 S95 S96 S97 S98 S99 S100 S101 S102 S103 S104 S105 S106 S107 S108 S109 S110 S111 S112 S113 S130 S131 S132 S133 S134 S135 S136 S137 S138 S139 S140 S141 S142 S143 S144 S145 S146 S147 S148 S149 S150 S151 S152 S153 S154 S155 S156 S157 S158 S159 S160 S161 S162 S163 S164 S165 S166 S167 S168 S169 S170 S171 S172 S173
Setting range
Operate time t1, stage 1 Operate time t'1, stage 1 Operate time t2, stage 2 Operate time t'2, stage 2 Operate time t3, stage 3 Operate time t'3, stage 3 Operate time t4, stage 4 Operate time t'4, stage 4 Start value Idf/dtI, stage 1 Start value Idf/dtI, stage 2 Start value Idf/dtI, stage 3 Start value Idf/dtI, stage 4 Start value fr of recovery function Operate time tr of recovery function Checksum, SGF1 Checksum, SGF2 Checksum, SGF3 Checksum, SGF4 Checksum, SGF5 Checksum, SGF6 Checksum, SGF7 Checksum, SGB1 Checksum, SGB2 Checksum, SGB3 Checksum, SGB4 Checksum, SGB5 Checksum, SGB6 Checksum, SGR1 Checksum, SGR2 Checksum, SGR3 Checksum, SGR4 Checksum, SGR5 Checksum, SGR6 Checksum, SGR7 Checksum, SGR8 Checksum, SGR9 Length of control pulse SS1 Length of control pulse TS1 Length of control pulse SS2 Length of control pulse TS2 Length of control pulse SS3 Length of control pulse TS3 Length of control pulse SS4 Length of control pulse TS4
0.10...300.00 s **) 0.10...300.00 s *) 0.10...300.00 s **) 0.10...300.00 s *) 0.10...300.00 s **) 0.10...300.00 s *) 0.10...300.00 s **) 0.10...300.00 s *) 0.2...10.00 Hz/s 0.2...10.00 Hz/s 0.2...10.00 Hz/s 0.2...10.00 Hz/s 0.1...10.0 Hz 1 s...120 min 59 s 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0.1...20.0 s 0.1...20.0 s 0.1...20.0 s 0.1...20.0 s 0.1...20.0 s 0.1...20.0 s 0.1...20.0 s 0.1...20.0 s
*) The minimum operate time depends on the rated frequency and the number of cycles used for the measurement. See "Frequency measurement" in the section "Description of operation". **) If the df/dt function is in use the setting range is 0.15...300.00 s The setting of operation time is available from program version SW 131 F and later.
23
Measured and recorded parameter values
Measured value Number of starts, stage 1 Number of starts, stage 2 Number of starts, stage 3 Number of starts, stage 4 Number of trips, stage 1 Number of trips, stage 2 Number of trips, stage 3 Number of trips, stage 4 Number of recovery operations Red operation code of display Minimum df/dt measured Minimum frequency measured Maximum df/dt measured Maximum frequency measured The parameters V11...V54 can be used to read (R) the five latest values recorded. Event n is Recorded data n Voltage U Frequency f Frequency rate of change lIdf/dtIl No. of tripped stage and output V11 V12 V13 V14
Code V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V60 V61 V62 V63
Data direction R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Value 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...255 0...10 0.0...-10.0 Hz/s 20.00...75.00 Hz 0.0...10.0 Hz/s 20.00...75.00 Hz
the most recent value recorded, event n-1 the previous value, and so on. Event n-2 n-3 V31 V32 V33 V34 V41 V42 V43 V44 Measuring range n-4 V51 V52 V53 V54 0.0...1.4 x Un 20.00...75.00 Hz 0.0...10.0 Hz/s 0, 11, 12, 21,22, 31, 32, 41, 42 *)
n-1 V21 V22 V23 V24
*) 11 to be understood as stage 1 timer t1, 32 as stage 3 timer t3', etc.
24
Control parameters
Measured value Remote resetting of recorded data Remote control of setting Event mask for stage 1 Event mask for stage 2 Event mask for stage 3 Event mask for stage 4 Event mask for output signals Event mask for output relays Event mask for recovery function Opening of password Changing or closing of password Activation of self-supervision system EEPROM formatting Address of relay module Data transfer rate Program version Reading of event register Re-reading of event register Type designation of relay module Reading of relay module status data
Code V102 V150 V153 V154 V155 V156 V157 V158 V159 V160 V161 V165 V167 V200 V201 V205 L B F C
Data direction W R,W R,W R,W R,W R,W R,W R,W R,W W W(P) W W(P) R,W R,W R R R R R
Value 1 = resetting 0 = main settings active 1 = second setting active 0...63, see "Event codes" 0...63, see "Event codes" 0...63, see "Event codes" 0...63, see "Event codes" 0...255, see "Event codes" 0...255, see "Event codes" 0...31, see "Event codes" 1...999 0...999 1 = self-supervision activated and IRF LED is lit 2 = formatting 1...254 4800 or 9600 Bd 131_ Time, channel number and event code Time, channel number and event code SPCF 1D15 0 = normal status 1 = module been subject to automatic reset 2 = overflow of event register 3 = events 1 and 2 together 0 = resetting 00.000...59.999
Resetting of module status data Reading and setting of time
C T
W R,W
The event register can be read only once using the L code. Should a fault occur, say, in the data transfer, the B command can be used to re-read the contents of the register. When required, the B command can be repeated. In general, the control data communicator reads the event data
and forwards the information to an output device. Under normal conditions the event register of the relay module is empty. The control data communicator also resets abnormal status data, so this data is normally zero.
25
Fault codes
Once the self-supervision system has detected a permanent fault, the IRF indicator on the front panel of the module is lit and, at the same time, the normally operated signal relay of the selfsupervision system drops out. In most fault situations, a fault code consisting of a red digit one (1) to the left and a green code Fault code 4 30 41 50 51 52 53 56 195 203 Explanation
number appears on the display of the relay module. The fault code indicates the fault type and cannot be reset. To facilitate maintenance and repair it should be recorded and stated, when service is ordered. The fault codes of the protection relay module SPCF 1D15 are explained in the following table:
Faulty or missing control circuit Faulty program memory Half-cycle detector faulty Internal RAM memory faulty Parameter memory (EEPROM) block 1 faulty Parameter memory (EEPROM) block 2 faulty Parameter memory (EEPROM) block 1 and 2 faulty Parameter memory (EEPROM) key faulty. To be formatted by writing V167=2. Measured value too low in reference channel Measured value too high in reference channel
26
General characteristics of D-type relay modules

Fastening screw Indicators for measured quantities

I
L1
3I >
I I
L2
Relay symbol Self-supervision alarm indicator (Internal Relay Fault) Display, 1 + 3 digits
L3
I o IRF
I >/I n
RESET STEP
t > [s]
k
Reset / Step push-button
I >> / I n
Indicators for setting parameters
t >> [s]
I o >/ I n
t o > [s] ko
I o >> /I n
t o >>[s]
PROGRAM
SGF
Indicators for switchgroups SGF, SGB and SGR
Programming push-button
SGB SGR TRIP

879B
Trip indicator Module type designation
Fastening screw
SPCJ 4D29
1MRS 750066-MUM EN
Issued 95-04-12 Version A (replaces 34 SPC 3 EN1) Checked JH Approved TK
General characteristics of D type relay modules
Contents
Front panel lay-out ......................................................................................................... 1 Control push buttons ..................................................................................................... 3 Display ........................................................................................................................... 3 Display main menu ................................................................................................... 3 Display submenus ..................................................................................................... 3 Selector switchgroups SGF, SGB, SGR .......................................................................... 4 Settings ........................................................................................................................... 4 Setting mode ............................................................................................................. 4 Example 1: Setting of relay operation values .............................................................. 7 Example 2: Setting of relay switchgroups................................................................... 9 Recorded information ................................................................................................... 11 Trip test function ......................................................................................................... 12 Example 3: Forced activation of outputs ................................................................. 13 Operation indicators ..................................................................................................... 15 Fault codes.................................................................................................................... 15
Control push-buttons
The front panel of the relay module contains two push buttons. The RESET / STEP push button is used for resetting operation indicators and for stepping forward or backward in the display main menu or submenus. The PROGRAM push button is used for moving from a The measured and set values and the recorded data are shown on the display of the protection relay module. The display consists of four digits. The three green digits to the right show the measured, set or recorded value and the leftmost red digit shows the code number of the register. The measured or set value displayed is indicated by the adjacent yellow LED indicator on the front panel. When a recorded fault value is being displayed the red digit shows the number of the corresponding register. When the display functions as an operation indicator the red digit alone is shown. Any data required during normal operation are accessible in the main menu i.e. present measured values, present setting values and recorded parameter values. The data to be shown in the main menu are sequentially called up for display by means of the STEP push button. When the STEP push button is pressed for about one second, the display moves forward in the display sequence. When the push button is pressed for about 0.5 seconds, the display moves backward in the display sequence.
certain position in the main menu to the corresponding submenu, for entering the setting mode of a certain parameter and together with the STEP push button for storing the set values. The different operations are described in the subsequent paragraphs in this manual. When the auxiliary voltage of a protection relay module is switched on the module initially tests the display by stepping through all the segments of the display for about 15 seconds. At first the corresponding segments of all digits are lit one by one clockwise, including the decimal points. Then the center segment of each digit is lit one by one. The complete sequence is carried out twice. When the test is finished the display turns dark. The testing can be interrupted by pressing the STEP push button. The protection functions of the relay module are alerted throughout the testing. From a dark display only forward movement is possible. When the STEP push button is pushed constantly, the display continuously moves forward stopping for a while in the dark position. Unless the display is switched off by stepping to the dark point, it remains lit for about 5 minutes from the moment the STEP push button was last pushed. After the 5 minutes' time-out the dispaly is switched off.
Display
Display main menu
Display submenus
Less important values and values not very often set are displayed in the submenus. The number of submenus varies with different relay module types. The submenus are presented in the description of the concerned protection relay module. A submenu is entered from the main menu by pressing the PROGRAM push button for about one second. When the push button is released, the red digit of the display starts flashing, indicating that a submenu has been entered. Going from one submenu to another or back to the main menu follows the same principle as when moving from the main menu display to another;
the display moves forward when the STEP push button is pushed for one second and backward when it is pushed for 0.5 seconds. The main menu has been re-entered when the red display turns dark. When a submenu is entered from a main menu of a measured or set value indicated by a LED indicator, the indicator remains lit and the address window of the display starts flashing. A submenu position is indicated by a flashing red address number alone on the dispaly without any lit set value LED indicator on the front panel.
Selector switchgroups SGF, SGB and SGR
Part of the settings and the selections of the operation characteristic of the relay modules in various applications are made with the selector switchgroups SG_ . The switchgroups are software based and thus not physically to be found in the hardware of the relay module. The indicator of the switchgroup is lit when the checksum of the switchgroup is shown on the display. Starting from the displayed checksum and by entering the setting mode, the switches can be set one by one as if they were real physical switches. At the end of the setting procedure, a checksum for the whole switchgroup is shown. The checksum can be used for verifying that the switches have been properly set. Fig. 2 shows an example of a manual checksum calculation. When the checksum calculated according to the example equals the checksum indicated on the display of the relay module, the switches in the concerned switchgroup are properly set.
Switch No
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Pos.
1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 x x x x x x x x
Weigth
1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 = = = = = = = = =
Value
1 0 4 8 16 0 64 0 93
Checksum
Fig. 2. Example of calculating the checksum of a selector switchgroup SG_. The functions of the selector switches of the different protection relay modules are described in detail in the manuals of the different relay modules. and the second settings can be done in three different ways: 1) By command V150 over the serial communication bus 2) By an external control signal BS1, BS2 or RRES (BS3) 3) Via the push-buttons of the relay module, see submenu 4 of register A.
Settings
Most of the start values and operate times are set by means of the display and the push buttons on the front panel of the relay modules. Each setting has its related indicator which is lit when the concerned setting value is shown on the display. In addition to the main stack of setting values most D type relay modules allow a second stack of settings. Switching between the main settings
Setting mode
Generally, when a large number of settings is to be altered, e.g. during commissioning of relay systems, it is recommended that the relay settings are entered with the keyboard of a personal computer provided with the necessary software. When no computer nor software is available or when only a few setting values need to be altered the procedure described below is used. The registers of the main menu and the submenus contain all parameters that can be set. The settings are made in the so called setting mode, which is accessible from the main menu or a submenu by pressing the PROGRAM push button, until the whole display starts flashing. This position indicates the value of the parameter before it has been altered. By pressing the PROGRAM push button the programming sequence moves forward one step. First the rightmost digit starts flashing while the rest of the display is steady. The flashing digit is set by means of the STEP push button. The flashing
cursor is moved on from digit to digit by pressing the PROGRAM push button and in each stop the setting is performed with the STEP push button. After the parameter values have been set, the decimal point is put in place. At the end the position with the whole display flashing is reached again and the data is ready to be stored. A set value is recorded in the memory by pressing the push buttons STEP and PROGRAM simultaneously. Until the new value has been recorded a return from the setting mode will have no effect on the setting and the former value will still be valid. Furthermore any attempt to make a setting outside the permitted limits for a particular parameter will cause the new value to be disqualified and the former value will be maintained. Return from the setting mode to the main menu or a submenu is possible by pressing the PROGRAM push button until the green digits on the display stop flashing.
NOTE! During any local man-machine communication over the push buttons and the display on the front panel a five minute time-out function is active. Thus, if no push button has been pressed during the last five minutes, the relay returns to its normal state automatically. This means that the display turns dark, the relay escapes from a display mode, a programming routine or any routine going on, when the relay is left untouched. This is a convenient way out of any situation when the user does not know what to do. Before a relay module is inserted into the relay case, one must assure that the module has been given the correct settings. If there however is
any doubt about the settings of the module to be inserted, the setting values should be read using a spare relay unit or with the relay trip circuits disconnected. If this cannot be done the relay can be sett into a non-tripping mode by pressing the PROGRAM push button and powering up the relay module simultaneously. The display will show three dashes "- - -" to indicate the nontripping mode. The serial communication is operative and all main and submenues are accessible. In the non-tripping mode unnecessary trippings are avoided and the settings can be checked. The normal protection relay mode is entered automatically after a timeout of five minutes or ten seconds after the dark display position of the main menu has been entered.
MAIN MENU
REV. STEP 0,5 s FWD.STEP 1 s Normal status, display off STEP 0,5 s
SUBMENU
SETTING MODE
PROGRAM 1 s
PROGRAM 5 s
PROGRAM 5 s
First measuring value
REV. STEP 0,5 s Last measuring value 1 INCREASE VALUE STEP 0,5 s FWD.STEP 1 s Main setting value for stage 1 Second setting value for stage 1 1 0 0 0
Actual setting value 1
Actual setting value 2
MOVE FIGURE OR DECIMAL POINT CURSOR WITH BUTTON PROGRAM 1 s
Memorized values etc.
STORE NEW SETTING BY PRESSING STEP AND PROGRAM SIMULTANEOUSLY WHEN THE VALUE IS READY AND THE WHOLE DISPLAY IS BLINKING
NOTE! IN MOST MENU CHARTS THE SUBMENUS HAVE BEEN DRAWN IN A HORIZONTAL DIRECTION IN ORDER TO GET ALL MAIN AND SUBMENU POSITIONS SHOWN IN THE SAME CHART.
Fig.3. Basic principles of entering the main menus and submenus of a relay module.
MAIN MENU
STEP 0.5 s
SUBMENUS
PROGRAM 1 s
Normal status, display off Current on phase L1
Current on phase L2
Current on phase L3 Neutral current Io 1

REV. STEP 0.5 s SUBMENUS FWD. STEP 1 s
Actual start value I> Actual operate time t> or multiplier k for stage I> Actual start value I>> Actual operate time t>> of stage I>> Actual start value Io> Actual operate time to> or multiplier ko
M A I N
Main setting value for I> Main setting value for t> or k Main setting value for I>> Main setting value for t>> Main setting value for Io> Main setting value for to> or ko Main setting value for Io>> Main setting value for to>>
Second setting value for I> Second setting value for t> or k Second setting value for I>> Second setting value for t>> Second setting value for Io> Second setting value for to> or ko Second setting value for Io>> Second setting value for to>> Main setting of SGF2 checksum Second setting of SGB checksum Main setting of SGR2 checksum
R E V. S T E P .5 s
Actual start value Io>> Actual operate time to>> Actual setting of functional switchgroup SGF1 Actual setting of blocking switchgroup SGB Actual setting of relay switchgroup SGR1 1 Latest memorized, event (n) value of phase L1 Latest memorized, event (n) value of phase L2 Latest memorized, event (n) value of phase L3 Maximum demand current value for 15 minutes
M E N U
F W D. S T E P 1 s
1 Main setting of SGF1 checksum 1 Main setting of SGB checksum Main setting of SGR1 checksum
2 2
1 Event (n-1) value of phase L1 1 Event (n-1) value of phase L2 1 Event (n-1) value of phase L3 1 Highest maximum demand value found
2 Event (n-2) value of phase L1 2 Event (n-2) value of phase L2 Event (n-2) value of phase L3
Fig. 4.Example of part of the main and submenus for the settings of the overcurrent and earth-fault relay module SPCJ 4D29. The settings currently in use are in the main manu and they are displayed by pressing the STEP push button. The main menu also includes the measured current values, the registers 1...9, 0 and A. The main and second setting values are located in the submenus and are called up on the display with the PROGRAM push button.
Example 1
Operation in the setting mode. Manual setting of the main setting of the start current value I> of an overcurrent relay module. The initial value a) Press push button STEP repeatedly until the LED close to the I> symbol is lit and the current start value appears on the display. b) Enter the submenu to get the main setting value by pressing the PROGRAM push button more than one second and then releasing it. The red display digit now shows a flashing number 1, indicating the first submenu position and the green digits show the set value. c) Enter the setting mode by pressing the PROGRAM push button for five seconds until the display starts flashing.
for the main setting is 0.80 x In and for the second setting 1.00 x In. The desired main start value is 1.05 x In.
RESET STEP
5x1s
0. 8 0
PROGRAM
1s
1 0. 8 0
PROGRAM
5s
1 0. 8 0
d) Press the PROGRAM push button once again for one second to get the rightmost digit flashing.
PROGRAM
1s
1 0. 8 0
e) Now the flashing digit can be altered. Use the STEP push button to set the digit to the desired value.
RESET STEP
5x
1 0. 8 5
f) Press the PROGRAM push button to make the middle one of the green digits flash.
PROGRAM
1s
1 0. 8 5
g) Set the middle digit with of the STEP push button.
RESET STEP
2x
1 0. 0 5
h) Press the PROGRAM push button to make the leftmost green digit flash.
PROGRAM
1s
1 0. 0 5
7
i) Set the digit with the STEP push button.
RESET STEP
0x
1 1. 0 5
j) Press the PROGRAM push button to make the decimal point flash.
PROGRAM
1s
1 1. 0 5
k) If needed, move the decimal point with the STEP push button.
RESET STEP
0x
1 1. 0 5
l) Press the PROGRAM push button to make the whole display flash. In this position, corresponding to position c) above, one can see the new value before it is recorded. If the value needs changing, use the PROGRAM push button to alter the value. m) When the new value has been corrected, record it in the memory of the relay module by pressing the PROGRAM and STEP push buttons simultaneously. At the moment the information enters the memory, the green dashes flash once in the display, i.e. 1 - - -.
PROGRAM
1s
1 1. 0 5
RESET STEP
1 - - PROGRAM
n) Recording of the new value automatically initiates a return from the setting mode to the normal submenu. Without recording one can leave the setting mode any time by pressing the PROGRAM push button for about five seconds, until the green display digits stop flashing. o) If the second setting is to be altered, enter submenu position 2 of the setting I> by pressing the STEP push button for approx. one second. The flashing position indicator 1 will then be replaced by a flashing number 2 which indicates that the setting shown on the display is the second setting for I>. Enter the setting mode as in step c) and proceed in the same way. After recording of the requested values return to the main menu is obtained by pressing the STEP push button
8
PROGRAM
5s
1 1. 0 5
RESET STEP
1s
2 1. 0 0
until the first digit is switched off. The LED still shows that one is in the I> position and the display shows the new setting value currently in use by the relay module.
Example 2
Operation in the setting mode. Manual setting of the main setting of the checksum for the switchgroup SGF1 of a relay module. The initial value for the checksum is 000 and the switches a) Press push button STEP until the LED close to the SGF symbol is lit and the checksum appears on the display. b) Enter the submenu to get the main checksum of SGF1 by pressing the PROGRAM push button for more than one second and then releasing it. The red display now shows a flashing number 1 indicating the first submenu position and the green digits show the checksum. c) Enter the setting mode by pressing the PROGRAM push button for five seconds until the display starts flashing.
SGF1/1and SGF1/3 are to be set in position 1. This means that a checksum of 005 should be the final result.
RESET STEP
nx1s
0 0 0
PROGRAM
1s
1 0 0 0
PROGRAM
5s
1 0 0 0
d) Press the PROGRAM push button once again to get the first switch position. The first digit of the display now shows the switch number. The position of the switch is shown by the rightmost digit. e) The switch position can now be toggled between 1 and 0 by means of the STEP push button and it is left in the requested position 1.
PROGRAM
1x
1 1
RESET STEP
0 1
1x
1 1
f) When switch number 1 is in the requested position, switch number 2 is called up by pressing the PROGRAM push button for one second. As in step e), the switch position can be altered by using the STEP push button. As the desired setting for SGF1/2 is 0 the switch is left in the 0 position. g) Switch SGF1/3 is called up as in step f) by pressing the PROGRAM push button for about one second.
PROGRAM
1s
1 2
PROGRAM
1s
1 3
h) The switch position is altered to the desired position 1 by pressing the STEP push button once.
RESET STEP
1x
1 3
i) Using the same procedure the switches SGF 1/ 4...8 are called up and, according to the example, left in position 0.
PROGRAM
5x1s
j) In the final setting mode position, corresponding to step c), the checksum based on the set switch positions is shown. k) If the correct checksum has been obtained, it is recorded in the memory by pressing the push buttons PROGRAM and STEP simultaneously. At the moment the information enters the memory, the green dashes flash in the display, i.e.1 - - -. If the checksum is incorrect, the setting of the separate switches is repeated using the PROGRAM and STEP push buttons starting from step d). l) Recording the new value automatically initiates a return from the setting mode to the normal menu. Without recording one can leave the setting mode any time by pressing the PROGRAM push button for about five seconds, until the green display digits stop flashing. m) After recording the desired values return to the main menu is obtained by pressing the STEP push button until the first digit is turned off. The LED indicator SGF still shows that one is in the SGF position and that the display shows the new checksum for SGF1 currently in use by the relay module.
1 0 0 5
RESET STEP
1 - - PROGRAM
PROGRAM
5s
1 0 0 5
RESET STEP
nx1s
0 0 5
10
Recorded information
The parameter values measured at the moment when a fault occurs or at the trip instant are recorded in the registers. The recorded data, except for some parameters, are set to zero by pressing the push buttons STEP and PROGRAM simultaneously. The data in normal registers are erased if the auxiliary voltage supply to the relay is interrupted, only the set values and certain other essential parameters are maintained in non-volatile registers during a voltage failure. The number of registers varies with different relay module types. The functions of the registers are illustrated in the descriptions of the different relay modules. Additionally, the system front panel of the relay contains a simplified list of the data recorded by the various relay modules of the protection relay. All D type relay modules are provided with two general registers: register 0 and register A. Register 0 contains, in coded form, the information about e.g. external blocking signals, status information and other signals. The codes are explained in the manuals of the different relay modules. Register A contains the address code of the relay modul which is reqiured by the serial communication system. Submenu 1 of register A contains the data transfer rate value, expressed in kilobaud, of the serial communication.
Submenu 2 of register A contains a bus communication monitor for the SPAbus. If the protection relay, which contains the relay module, is linked to a system including a contol data communicatoe, for instance SRIO 1000M and the data communication system is operating, the counter reading of the monitor will be zero. Otherwise the digits 1...255 are continuously scrolling in the monitor. Submenu 3 contains the password required for changing the remote settings. The address code, the data transfer rate of the serial communication and the password can be set manually or via the serial communication bus. For manual setting see example 1. The default value is 001 for the address code, 9.6 kilobaud for the data transfer rate and 001 for the password. In order to secure the setting values, all settings are recorded in two separate memory banks within the non-volatile memory. Each bank is complete with its own checksum test to verify the condition of the memory contents. If, for some reason, the contents of one bank is disturbed, all settings are taken from the other bank and the contents from here is transferred to the faulty memory region, all while the relay is in full operation condition. If both memory banks are simultaneously damaged the relay will be be set out of operation, and an alarm signal will be given over the serial port and the IRF output relay
11
Trip test function
Register 0 also provides access to a trip test function, which allows the output signals of the relay module to be activated one by one. If the auxiliary relay module of the protection assembly is in place, the auxiliary relays then will operate one by one during the testing. When pressing the PROGRAM push button for about five seconds, the green digits to the right start flashing indicating that the relay module is in the test position. The indicators of the settings indicate by flashing which output signal can be activated. The required output function is selected by pressing the PROGRAM push button for about one second. The indicators of the setting quantities refer to the following output signals: Setting I> Setting t> Setting I>> Setting t>> etc. No indication Starting of stage I> Tripping of stage I> Starting of stage I>> Tripping of stage I>> Self-supervision IRF
The selected starting or tripping is activated by simultaneous pressing of the push buttons STEP and PROGRAM. The signal remains activated as long as the two push butttons are pressed. The effect on the output relays depends on the configuration of the output relay matrix switches. The self-supervision output is activated by pressing the STEP push button 1 second when no setting indicator is flashing. The IRF output is activated in about 1 second after pressing of the STEP push button. The signals are selected in the order illustrated in Fig. 4.
IRF
I> START
PROGRAM 1s
I> TRIP
PROGRAM 1s PROGRAM 1s
I START
PROGRAM 1s
I TRIP
PROGRAM 1s
Io> START
PROGRAM 1s
Io> TRIP
PROGRAM 1s
IoSTART
PROGRAM 1s
Io TRIP
PROGRAM 1s
REGISTER 0
PROGRAM 5s
I>
t>
Io>
to>
Io to
STEP
STEP & PROGRAM
STEP & PROGRAM
STEP & PROGRAM
STEP & PROGRAM
STEP & PROGRAM
STEP & PROGRAM
STEP & PROGRAM
STEP & PROGRAM
Fig. 5.Sequence order for the selection of output signals in the Trip test mode If, for instance, the indicator of the setting t> is flashing, and the push buttons STEP and PROGRAM are being pressed, the trip signal from the low-set overcurrent stage is activated. Return to the main menu is possible at any stage of the trip test sequence scheme, by pressing the PROGRAM push button for about five seconds. Note! The effect on the output relays then depends on the configuration of the output relay matrix switchgroups SGR 1...3.
12
Example 3
Trip test function. Forced activation of the outputs. a) Step forward on the display to register 0.
RESET STEP
nx1s
0 0 0 0
b) Press the PROGRAM push button for about five seconds until the three green digits to the right.
PROGRAM
3I >
I I
L1
L2 I
L3
I o IRF
0 0 0 0
5s
I >/I n
RESET STEP
t > [s]
k
I >> / I n
t >> [s]
I o >/ I n
t o > [s] ko
I o >> /I n
t o >>[s]
PROGRAM
SGF SGB
c) Hold down the STEP push button. After one second the red IRF indicator is lit and the IRF output is activated. When the step push button is released the IRF indicator is switched off and the IRF output resets. d) Press the PROGRAM push button for one second and the indicator of the topmost setting start flashing. e) If a start of the first stage is required, now press the push-buttons PROGRAM and STEP simultaneously. The stage output will be activated and the output relays will operate according to the actual programming of the relay output switchgroups SGR.
RESET STEP
SGR TRIP
879B
SPCJ 4D29
3I >
I I
L1
L2
L3
I o IRF
I >/I n
RESET STEP
0 0 0 0
t > [s]
k
I >> / I n
t >> [s]
I o >/ I n
t o > [s] ko
I o >> /I n
t o >>[s]
PROGRAM
SGF SGB SGR TRIP

879B
SPCJ 4D29
PROGRAM
13
f) To proceed to the next position press the PROGRAM push button for about 1 second until the indicator of the second setting starts flashing.
PROGRAM
3I >
I I
L1
L2 I
L3
I o IRF
0 0 0 0
I >/I n
RESET STEP
1s
t > [s]
k
I >> / I n
t >> [s]
I o >/ I n
t o > [s] ko
I o >> /I n
t o >>[s]
PROGRAM
SGF SGB SGR TRIP

879B
SPCJ 4D29
g) Press the push buttons PROGRAM and STEP simultaneously to activate tripping of stage 1 (e.g. the I> stage of the overcurrent module SPCJ 4D29). The output relays will operate according to the actual programming of the relay switchgroups SGR. If the main trip relay is operated the trip indicator of the measuring module is lit.
RESET STEP
3I >
I I
L1
L2
L3
I o IRF
0 0 0 0
I >/I n
RESET STEP
t > [s]
k
I >> / I n
t >> [s]
I o >/ I n
t o > [s] ko
I o >> /I n
t o >>[s]
PROGRAM
SGF SGB SGR TRIP

879B
PROGRAM
SPCJ 4D29
h) The starting and tripping of the remaining stages are activated in the same way as the first stage above. The indicator of the corresponding setting starts flashing to indicate that the concerned stage can be activated by pressing the STEP and PROGRAM buttons simultaneously. For any forced stage operation, the output relays will respond according to the setting of the relay output switchgroups SGR. Any time a certain stage is selected that is not wanted to operate, pressing the PROGRAM button once more will pass by this position and move to the next one without carrying out any operation of the selected stage.
It is possible to leave the trip test mode at any step of the sequence scheme by pressing the PROGRAM push button for about five seconds until the three digits to the right stop flashing.
14
Operation indication
A relay module is provided with a multiple of separate operation stages, each with its own operation indicator shown on the display and a common trip indicator on the lower part of the front plate of the relay module. The starting of a relay stage is indicated with one number which changes to another number when the stage operates. The indicator remains glowing although the operation stage resets. The
indicator is reset by means of the RESET push button of the relay module. An unreset operation indicator does not affect the function of the protection relay module. In certain cases the function of the operation indicators may deviate from the above principles. This is described in detail in the descriptions of the separate modules.
Fault codes
In addition to the protection functions the relay module is provided with a self-supervision system which continuously supervises the function of the microprocessor, its program execution and the electronics. Shortly after the self-supervision system detects a permanent fault in the relay module, the red IRF indicator on the front panel is lit . At the same time the module puts forward a control signal to the output relay of the self-supervision system of the protection relay. In most fault situations a fault code, indicating the nature of the fault, appears on the display of
the module. The fault code, which consists of a red figure "1" and a three digit green code number, cannot be removed from the display by resetting. When a fault occurs, the fault code should be recorded and stated when service is ordered. When in a fault mode, the normal relay menus are operative, i.e. all setting values and measured values can be accessed although the relay operation is inhibited. The serial communication is also operative making it possible to access the relay information also from a remote site. The internal relay fault code shown on the display remains active until the internal fault possibly disappears and can also be remotely read out as variable V 169.
15
ABB Oy Distribution Automation P.O.Box 699 FI-65101 Vaasa FINLAND Tel. +358 (0)10 22 11 Fax.+358 (0)10 22 41094 www.abb.com/substationautomation
1MRS 750135-MUM EN

FM Spaf140c en Cda

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FM Spaf140c en Cda

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SPAF 140 C Frequency Relay

Users manual and Technical description

f > < > df < dt

df/dt [Hz/s] f max df/dt max Stage no. Start ctr

SPAF 140 C Frequency Relay

100 V Not Used

4 BS1 BS2 BS3 BS4 BS5 df/dt

f > < > df < dt

df/dt [Hz/s] f max df/dt max Stage no. Start ctr

Technical data (modified 2001-04)

100 V (110 V, 115 V, 120 V) 13-14 2 x Un <0.5 VA

10-11, 22-23, 45-46, 47-48 18...250 V dc or 80...250 V ac 2...20 mA

Un = 100/120/230 V ac Un = 110/125/220 V dc U = 80...265 V dc Un = 24/48/60 V dc U = 18...80 V dc 7 W/9 W

2 kV, 50 Hz, 1 min 5 kV, 1.2/50 s, 0.5 J >100 M, 500 Vdc

class 2 class 2 class 2

100 V Not Used

4 BS1 BS2 BS3 BS4 BS5 df/dt

Operate value (Hz) 53.0 51.5 48.5 47.0

Delay 0.30 1.00 1.00 0.30

Maintenance and repairs

Order numbers (modified 98-03)

Dimension drawings and mounting

A relay case type SPA-ZX 110 is available for surface mounting.

250 216 186

Raising frame SPA-ZX 111 SPA-ZX 112 SPA-ZX 113

f > < df > dt <

1MRS 750583-MUM EN Issued 1996-11-05 Modified 2004-03-16 Version D Checked PS Approved M

Description of operation Filtering of energizing input

Rate of change of frequency

df > dt < & f > <

SGF1/3 SGF1/2 SGF1/1

SGB6/x SGB1/x SGB2/x SGB3/x SGB4/x SGB5/x

df > dt < & f > <

SGF6/3 SGF2/3 SGF2/2 SGF2/1

SGF6/4 4 SGF5/4 t TS2

SGF6/5 5 SGF3/3 SGF3/2 SGF3/1 SGF5/5 t SS3

df > dt < & f > <

df > dt < & f > <

SGF4/3 SGF4/2 SGF4/1

Reset button System restart

Recovery function Set Reset Count Start Count

Simplified device symbol Self-supervision alarm indicator Display

Indicators for measured values, voltage U and frequency f

Reset and display step push-button

Pogramming push-button Trip indicator Type designation of relay module

Settings (modified 2004-03)

Setting range (Factory setting)

Setting value and operate times of stage 2

Setting value and operate times of stage 3

Setting value and operate times of stage 4

Switch SGF1...4/1 SGF1...4/2 SGF1...4/3 SGF1...4/4

Switchgroup SGF5 (modified 97-01)

Factory setting 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 255

SS4 TS4 Checksum (Default setting)

Switch SGF1/1 SGF1/2 SGF1/3 SGF1/4 SGF1/5 SGF1/6 SGF1/7 SGF1/8

Weighting factor 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 x x x x x x x x

Checksum of switchgroup SGF1

Measuring range 0.0...1.40 x Un 20.00...75.00 Hz

Recorded data (modified 2002-06)

Menu chart (modified 97-01)

step backwards STEP 0.5 s

step forwards STEP 1 s

4-digit network frequency f