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Agenda
Terminology Brief History of RAC What RAC is NOT Single-instance Databases vs. RAC Licensing Installation Process Services & Workload Management Tuning RAC RAC Backup and Recovery New RAC DBA Recommendations Vendor-Provided Applications High Availability Alternatives
Terminology
DBA
Database Instance Single Instance DB Cluster Filesystem Multi-instance DB Oracle Services Shared Storage Automatic Storage Management (ASM) Exadata Storage Cell(s)
Sysadmin
Local Storage Clusterware
Storage Admin
Storage Area Network (SAN) Raw Device
Early 1990s Oracle Parallel Server (OPS) was born with version 7
2000
Oracle8i made significant enhancement s to OPS, but still slow adoption
2004
Oracle10g introduced Oracle Clusterware and many RAC enhancements
NOT
NOT something easy to learn only by doing (without also studying) NOT a set it and forget it environment NOT a transparent change for some applications
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Node2 rac2
Local Storage
Local Storage
Shared Storage
Local Storage
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Locally-Managed Tablespaces & Automatic Segment Space Management (ASSM) Server Parameter File
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Licensing
Included with Oracle Database Standard Edition
Maximum 4 CPUs per cluster Must use ASM for all database storage Must use *only* Oracle Clusterware (no 3rd party clusterware)
Installation Process First, prepare the hardware environment There are four major installation tasks:
Plan the installation, particularly storage Install Clusterware Install ASM Install RDBMS
Determine storage for each component Study the installation guide for your platform
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Installing Clusterware
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Installing Clusterware
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Create Database
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Create Database
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Node 1
Node 2
Node 3
AR & GL
AR & GL
Node 4
iExpense
iExpense
Services can be available via one or more instances Failover policies are set per service
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Node 1
Node 2
Node 3
Node 4
Order Entry
Order Entry
Order Entry
Services can be available via one or more instances Failover policies are set per service
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Tuning RAC
Good news! The first step is to do all the normal single-instance tuning Tuning RAC can pose special challenges, but dont abandon what you know Examining bottlenecks on the interconnect is the most common RAC-specific activity Statspack, ADDM, and AWR are RAC-aware and RAC-friendly OEM Database Control and Grid Control have good tuning information
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http://tkyte.blogspot.com/2006/02/so-what-wasanswer-part-iii.html
RAC requires additional DBA training (or at least training time) It is dangerous to have a production-only RAC environment without a non-production environment
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High-Availability Alternatives to RAC Other clusters providing high(er) availability than standalone, singleinstance database servers:
Microsoft Cluster Server (w/ Oracle Failsafe) Veritas Cluster Server (a.k.a. SFOR) PolyServe Matrix Server (nowHPs) Red Hat Cluster Server HP MC ServiceGuard IBM HACMP
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09
May 3-7, 2009 Orange County Convention Center West Orlando, Florida
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Forums (via OTN): Lots of participation from RAC SIG as well as Oracle gurus Join the RAC SIG at www.oracleracsig.org!
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Legal
The information contained herein should be deemed reliable but not guaranteed. The author has made every attempt to provide current and accurate information. If you have any comments or suggestions, please contact the author at: dannorris@dannorris.com You may request redistribution permission from dannorris@dannorris.com.
Copyright 2008, Piocon Technologies
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