y l cho bi Cloze Test (nm ngoi) :goof: (Mi ngi th sc trc , trc khi nhn Ans :lol: ) "It

t was less than 200 years ago that people first figured out that the buzz they got from coffee and tea was the same buzz, produced by the same chemical agent. An alkaloid that occurs naturally in the leaves, seeds, and fruit of tea, coffee, cacao, kola trees, and more than 60 other plants, this ancient wonder drug had been 1)p.......... for human use as far back 2)a.......... the sixth century B.C., when the 3)g.......... spiritual leader Lao-tzu is said to have recommended tea as 4)a.......... elixir for disciples of his new 5)r .........., Taoism. But it wasn't until 1820, after coffee 6)s.......... had proliferated in western Europe, that a new breed of 7)s.......... began to wonder what it was 8.)t.......... made this drink so popular. The German chemist Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge first isolated the drug in the coffee bean. The newly discovered substance was dubbed "caffeine," meaning something 9)f......... in coffee. Then, in 1838 chemists 10)d.......... that the effective ingredient in tea was the same substance as Runge's caffeine. Before the end of the century the same drug would be found in kola nuts and cacao. It's hardly a coincidence that coffee and tea caught on in Europe just as the first factories were 11)u.......... in the industrial revolution. The widespread use of caffeinated 12)d..........replacing the ubiquitous beerfacilitated the great transformation 13)o.......... human economic endeavor from the farm 14)t.......... the factory. Boiling water to make 15)c.......... or tea helped decrease the incidence of disease 16)a.......... workers in crowded cities. And the caffeine in their systems kept them from 17)f......... asleep over the machinery. In a 18)s.........., caffeine is the drug that made 19)t.......... modern world possible. And the more 20)m......... our world gets, the more we seem to need it. Without that useful jolt of coffeeor Diet Coke or Red Bullto get us out of bed and back to work, the 24-hour society of the developed world couldn't exist." Ans: 1) prescribed 2) as 3) great 4) an 5) religion 6) shops 7) scientist 8.) that 9) found 10) discerned 11) ushering 12) drinks 13) of 14) to

15) coffee 16) among 17) falling 18) sense 19) the 20) modern i thi v search check, h lc li post ln mi ngi tham kho :lol: :lol: :lol: :lol: D Wugging, or web use giving, describes the act of giving to charityat no cost to the user. By using Everyclick.com, which is being added to a number of university computers across the UK this week , students can raise money every time they search, but it wont cost them a penny. Research shows that students are enthusiastic about supporting charity, 88% of full time students have used the Internet to give to charity. This figure is high, considering this age group is often the least likely to have their own income. 19% of 22 to 24 years old have short-term debts of more than 5000. With rising personal debt levels in this age group, due to university tuition fees or personal loans and a lack of long-term savings, traditional methods of donating to charity are often not appealing or possible. Beth Truman, a 21-year-old recent university graduate has used Everyclick. com to donate to her chosen charity, the RSPCA, for two years and has seen the wugging movement grow popular with students. When youre at university you become more socially aware, but its sometimes hard to give to others when you have little money yourself. says Beth. Wugging is great for people in this age group as it allows them to use the technology on a daily basis to give it to charity, without costing them a single penny. Wugging is perfect for people who want to be more socially aware and supportive but dont feel they have the means to do so. Students using the web can generate money for causes they care about without it costing them anything in terms of time or money, and charities get a valuable source of funding. Everyclick. com works like any other search engine, allowing users to search for information, news and images but users can identify which of the UKs 170000 charities they would like to support through their clicks. Everyclick. com then makes monthly payments to every registered charity. Launched in June 2005 Everyclick. com is now the eighth largest search engine and one of the busiest charity websites in the UK. A Nothing is more upset than not being able to sleep, tossing and turning. Your mind is racing, going over everything that happened that day. Night noises keep you awake, what can you do? Here are some things you can do to help you to fall asleep. Sleep only when sleepy This reduces the time you are awake in bed. If you can't fall asleep within 20 minutes, get up and do something boring until you feel sleepy. Don't expose yourself to bright light while you are up. The light tells your brain that it is time to wake up. Don't take naps This will ensure that you are tired at bedtime. If you just can't make it through the day without a nap, sleep less than one hour, and take a nap before 3 p.m. Get up and go to bed the same time every day Even on weekends! When your sleep cycle has a regular rhythm, you will feel better. Regular exercise can help you sleep well, but the time to do exercise is important. Exercising in the morning or early afternoon will not interferewith sleep. Have a snack before bedtime If your stomach is too empty, that can interfere with sleep. However, if you eat a heavy meal before bedtime, that can interfere as well. Have a warm glass of milk. Take a hot bath 90 minutes before bedtime A hot bath will raise your body temperature, but it is the drop in body temperature that may make you feel sleepy.

B We all know that when leaves fall to the ground they die and become food for worms. When worms pass the leaves, their waste can help to make the soil rich, from which the plants use to get their nutrition. The plants grow and provide food for animals. When the animal eat the plants, their waste goes back into the soil. Its a perfect cycle. But at the Elephant Conservation Centre tin Lampang, Northern Thailand, they are using elephant waste for something more-to make 100% natural, beautiful colorful paper products! 100 years ago over 100,000 elephants in Thailand worked on farms, building sites and even in the army. However, only 6,000 remain there today because lf advances in technology that have made elephants old word less necessary. Elephants are doing new jobs now, including entertaining tourists by painting and playing football, and now by helping in the paper making industry. And their keepers, called Mahouts, can earn a living for their families and help their elephants by using elephant waste, also called dung to make beautiful, natural, paper products without any bad smell. Every day an adult elephant eats about 200kg of plants like bamboo, grass and watermelon seeds. His body system breaks the plants into 50kg of fibers, which can produce 115 sheets of fibrous paper. The first step to make this special natural paper is to collect the fiber rich dung from the elephant. The next step is to wash it and boil it for five hours to kill bacteria. (The water the use in this process is reused to water plans at the Gentre, which , in turn, feed the elephants). After its boiled, they cut fibers up. During the cutting process, they add in the desired color of the paper. For the fourth step, they take the mixture and make balls of 300g. Each ball is then speeds lightly over bamboo frames to dry into one large sheet of paper. After a few hours in the sun, the sheets are dry enough to remove. The result is a wonderful, 100% natural, recycled paper. People around the world are getting interested in buying this special elephant paper for their holiday cards, writing paper and much more, because its beautiful, natural and helps so many. C Somehow Rey had managed to struggle free from the rope around his neck, after being left to die a slow death as punishment for being a bad Spanish greyhound. It is believed that 50,000 greyhounds are killed by their owners in Spain each year after they grow too old ,or turn out to be too slow to hunt with. Dogs have also been found thrown into wells, burnt alive and even injected with poison. But Rey's intended fate was, even within the levels of cruelty usually shown to Spanish hunting dogs, especially cruel. The rope around his neck had been set at a height so that his front paws could not touch the ground, meaning that he was intended to stand on his back legs until he was too tired to support himself. When his legs finally became too tired to move, the rope should have done its work. "They call it the typewriting death, because the dog's back legs struggled against the ground and make the clicking sound of a typewriter," said Albert Sorde, of the SOS Galgos greyhound rescue group. "It is a punishment they save for greyhounds that are thought to have made their owners lose face." "Rey's throat was severely damaged but we managed to find a vet to operate and, though it was expensive, he survived," he said. Greyhounds in Spain are used for hunting hares (). "The dogs are meant to imitate the swerves () of the hares," said Sorde. "Those who don't, and make their owners look bad, are called ' dirty greyhounds' and are most likely to be killed by the typewriter method."