Applications of Electromagnet 1. There are many applications of electromagnets.

Label and describe the figure of each apparatus stated in the table below with its simple work-frame. 1) Electric bells

batteries

switch

1. When the switch is closed, the current flow will magnetized the soft-iron core 2. The soft iron armature is pulled toward electromagnet and hit the gong 3. At the same time, the contact will open and stop the current flows. No electromagnet. 4. The spring mechanism brings the armature back to its original position 5. The contacts close again and similar pocess is repeated.

springs

soft-iron core

contact

soft-iron armature gong

2) Electromagnetic Relays

1. When the switch A is closed, a small current flows in input circuit will magnetized the soft-iron core 2. The soft iron armature is attracted toward electromagnet 3. At the same time, the spring contact closed 4. A large current flows to high voltage circuit to operate the electrical

soft-iron core

to high voltage circuit

apparatus.

3) Telephone earpieces

Alloy diaphragm

1. A varying current received from the caller in telephone line 2. The varying current passes through solenoid and magnetized the soft-iron core 3. The electromagnet varies in magnetic strength according to the verifying current 4. The alloy diaphragm will attract to electromagnet by varying force 5. Sound produced as compression and

Soft-iron core

Permanent magnet solenoid

rarefaction of air particles

4) Circuit breakers

automatic switch to breaks Its operate as circuit to open when current becomes too large 1. When the current becomes high (ex: short circuit) the electromagnet strength increase suddenly 2. The iron catch is pulled toward electromagnet Its function to 3. The spring pulling apart the contacts 4. The circuit will break and the current 1. Opposite poles on the surface will flows stop immediately produces a stronger magnetic field to household 2. When the current is switched on, the soft appliances iron core is magnetized to become a very powerful magnet 3. Its lifts up iron and steel 4. When the crane has moved to new

spring

contacts

from main supply

5) Lifting Magnet

location, the current is switched off and move heavy objects or steel the soft-iron core is demagnetized from place to place 3. The objects will fall

North pole South pole

3.2: Force Acting on a Current-carrying Conductor in a Magnetic Fields 1. If a current-carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic fields as shown in the experiment,

force

the conductor will experiences a ..

CShape iron Magne t

Freely conductor Long conductor

Power Supply

2. Draw the combination (called catapult field) of two electromagnetic fields below and
show the direction of movement of the conductor.

3. Flemings left-hand rule can be use to determine the direction of the force acting or
the motion of the conductor.

First Finger ( Field )

Thumb

( Thrust force )
N

Centre Finger ( Current )

Effect of Two Parallel Current-carrying Coils in a Magnetic Field 4. If two current-carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic fields as shown in the

repel

experiment, the conductor will experience or .. force between them.

attract

5. Complete the diagram for current with opposite direction flows in two parallel conductor
below:

repel The two conductor will .. to each other 6. Complete the diagram for current with same direction flows in two parallel conductor
below:

attract The two conductor will .. to each other

Turning Effect of a Current-carrying Coil in a Magnetic Field 7. Consider a current-carrying coil ABCD placed between the poles magnet as shown in the figure below.

upward

8. As the current flows through the coil from A to D, an ... (1) force acts on the downward
arm CD whereas a (3) force acts on the arms AB according to Flemings Left Hand rule.

N 1 Carbon brush current 4 A 3

Coil S B 2 D commutator C Magnet

Electrical energy

Kinetic energy

9. Draw the catapult filed formed and draw arrows to show the movement of arms AB and CD.

AB N

CD S

Direct Current Motor 10. Complete the four stages of the motion of DC motor below

Coil B 2 D
S
0 Degree : 0 Through carbon brushes Current Upwards / No flow : Yes

1 A
current

4 3

Downwards ... Arm AB clockwise : . Arm CD : Rotation : .

Coil
S

current

900 Circuit broken at carbon brushes Degree : right Current flow : Yes / No left ..... clockwise due to inertia Arm AB : . Arm CD : Rotation : .

Coil
S

current

1800 Degree : through carbon brushes downward Current flow : Yes / No upward ..... clockwise Arm AB : . Arm CD : Rotation :

Coil
S

2700 Degree : Circuit broken at carbon brushes left Current flow : Yes / No right .....

current

clockwise due to inertia Arm AB : . Arm CD : Rotation : .

Comparison with Alternating Current Motor 11. Complete the diagram of AC motor below:

a.c supply

Factors that affect the speed of rotation of an electric motor 12. The magnitude of force acting on a conductor in a magnetic increases by: i. Increasing the current flow ii. Stronger magnet used 13. In conclusion, the speed of rotation of the coil also can increased by: i.

Increasing the current

ii. Using a stronger magnet iii. Increasing the number of turns on the coils .

Moving Coil Ammeter

The angle of deflection is directly proportional to the current flows in the coil The hair spring will restore the pointer back to its original position. The force acting causes the coil to rotate and lead the pointer to the deflection

When current flows in moving coil, magnetic field of radial magnet will interacts with magnetic field produce by the coil