a

FEATURES High Speed 140 MHz Bandwidth (3 dB, G = +1) 120 MHz Bandwidth (3 dB, G = +2) 35 MHz Bandwidth (0.1 dB, G = +2) 2500 V/ s Slew Rate 25 ns Settling Time to 0.1% (For a 2 V Step) 65 ns Settling Time to 0.01% (For a 10 V Step) Excellent Video Performance (RL =150 ) 0.01% Differential Gain, 0.01 Differential Phase Voltage Noise of 1.9 nVHz Low Distortion: THD = 74 dB @ 10 MHz Excellent DC Precision 3 mV max Input Offset Voltage Flexible Operation Specified for 5 V and 15 V Operation 2.3 V Output Swing into a 75 Load (VS = 5 V) APPLICATIONS Video Crosspoint Switchers, Multimedia Broadcast Systems HDTV Compatible Systems Video Line Drivers, Distribution Amplifiers ADC/DAC Buffers DC Restoration Circuits MedicalUltrasound, PET, Gamma & Counter Applications PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
NC 1 IN 2 +IN 3 VS 4 8 NC 7 +V S 6 OUTPUT

High Performance Video Op Amp AD811

NC NC NC NC NC

CONNECTION DIAGRAMS 20-Pin LCC (E-20A) Package 8-Pin Plastic (N-8) Cerdip (Q-8) SOIC (SO-8) Packages
3 2 1 20 19 NC 4 NC 5 IN 6 NC 7 +IN 8 9 10 11 12 13 VS NC = NO CONNECT NC NC NC NC 18 NC

AD811

17 NC 16 +V S 15 NC 14 OUTPUT

AD811

5 NC

NC = NO CONNECT

16-Pin SOIC (R-16) Package 20-Pin SOIC (R-20) Package

NC 1 NC 2 IN 3 16 NC 15 NC 14 +V S 13 NC 12 OUTPUT 11 NC NC 1 20 NC 19 NC 18 NC 17 +V S 16 NC 15 OUTPUT 14 NC 13 NC

NC 2 NC 3 IN 4 NC 5

NC 4 +IN NC 5 6

+IN 6 NC 7 VS 8 NC 9 NC 10

VS 7 NC 8

AD811

10 NC 9 NC

NC = NO CONNECT

AD811

12 NC 11 NC

NC = NO CONNECT

The AD811 is a wideband current-feedback operational amplifier, optimized for broadcast quality video systems. The 3 dB bandwidth of 120 MHz at a gain of +2 and differential gain and phase of 0.01% and 0.01 (RL = 150 ) make the AD811 an excellent choice for all video systems. The AD811 is designed to meet a stringent 0.1 dB gain flatness specification to a bandwidth of 35 MHz (G = +2) in addition to the low differential gain and phase errors. This performance is achieved whether driving one or two back terminated 75 cables, with a low power supply current of 16.5 mA. Furthermore, the AD811 is specified over a power supply range of 4.5 V to 18 V.
0.10 0.09 0.20

The AD811 is also excellent for pulsed applications where transient response is critical. It can achieve a maximum slew rate of greater than 2500 V/s with a settling time of less than 25 ns to 0.1% on a 2 volt step and 65 ns to 0.01% on a 10 volt step. The AD811 is ideal as an ADC or DAC buffer in data acquisition systems due to its low distortion up to 10 MHz and its wide unity gain bandwidth. Because the AD811 is a current feedback amplifier, this bandwidth can be maintained over a wide range of gains. The AD811 also offers low voltage and current noise of 1.9 nV/Hz and 20 pA/Hz, respectively, and excellent dc accuracy for wide dynamic range applications.
12 G = +2 R L = 150 R G = R FB VS = 15V

DIFFERENTIAL GAIN %

0.08 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 5 6 7 8 GAIN PHASE

R F = 649 FC = 3.58MHz 100 IRE MODULATED RAMP R L = 150

0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02

DIFFERENTIAL PHASE Degrees

6 GAIN dB

3 V S = 5V 0

9 10

11

12

13

14

15

6 1M 10M FREQUENCY Hz 100M

SUPPLY VOLTAGE Volts

REV. C
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.

One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 617/329-4700 Fax: 617/326-8703

AD811SPECIFICATIONS (@ T = +25 C and V =

A S

15 V dc, RLOAD = 150 unless otherwise noted)

Min AD811J/A1 Typ Max Min AD811S2 Typ Max Units

Model DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE Small Signal Bandwidth (No Peaking) 3 dB G = +1 G = +2 G = +2 G = +10 0.1 dB Flat G = +2 Full Power Bandwidth3 Slew Rate Settling Time to 0.1% Settling Time to 0.01% Settling Time to 0.1% Rise Time, Fall Time Differential Gain Differential Phase THD @ fC = 10 MHz Third Order Intercept4 INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE

Conditions

VS

RFB = 562 RFB = 649 RFB = 562 RFB = 511 RFB = 562 RFB = 649 VOUT = 20 V p-p VOUT = 4 V p-p VOUT = 20 V p-p 10 V Step, AV = 1 2 V Step, AV = 1 RFB = 649, AV = +2 f = 3.58 MHz f = 3.58 MHz VOUT = 2 V p-p, AV = +2 @ fC = 10 MHz

15 V 15 V 5 V 15 V 5 V 15 V 15 V 5 V 15 V 15 V 5 V 15 V 15 V 15 V 15 V 5 V 15 V 5 V, 15 V

140 120 80 100 25 35 40 400 2500 50 65 25 3.5 0.01 0.01 74 36 43 0.5 5 3 5

140 120 80 100 25 35 40 400 2500 50 65 25 3.5 0.01 0.01 74 36 43 0.5 5 5 15 10 20 2 2 5 30 10 25 3 5

MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz V/s V/s ns ns ns ns % Degree dBc dBm dBm mV mV V/C A A A A

TMIN to TMAX Offset Voltage Drift INPUT BIAS CURRENT Input TMIN to TMAX +Input TMIN to TMAX TRANSRESISTANCE TMIN to TMAX VOUT = 10 V RL = RL = 200 VOUT = 2.5 V RL = 150 VCM = 2.5 VCM = 10 V TMIN to TMAX VS = 4.5 V to 18 V TMIN to TMAX TMIN to TMAX TMIN to TMAX f = 1 kHz f = 1 kHz 5 V 15 V TJ = +25C (Open Loop @ 5 MHz) 15 V 15 V 5 V 5 V 15 V 5 V, 15 V 5 V, 15 V

2 2

0.75 0.5 0.25

1.5 0.75 0.4

0.75 0.5

1.5 0.75

M M M

0.125 0.4

COMMON-MODE REJECTION VOS (vs. Common Mode) TMIN to TMAX TMIN to TMAX Input Current (vs. Common Mode) POWER SUPPLY REJECTION VOS +Input Current Input Current INPUT VOLTAGE NOISE INPUT CURRENT NOISE OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Voltage Swing, Useful Operating Range5 Output Current Short-Circuit Current Output Resistance INPUT CHARACTERISTICS +Input Resistance Input Resistance Input Capacitance Common-Mode Voltage Range POWER SUPPLY Operating Range Quiescent Current TRANSISTOR COUNT

56 60

60 66 1 70 0.3 0.4 1.9 20 2.9 12 100 150 9 1.5 14 7.5 3 13

50 56 3 60 2 2

60 66 1 70 0.3 0.4 1.9 20 2.9 12 100 150 9 1.5 14 7.5 3 13

dB dB A/V dB A/V A/V nV/Hz pA/Hz V V mA mA M pF V V

60

2 2

+Input

5 V 15 V 5 V 15 V 4.5

14.5 16.5 40

18 16.0 18.0

4.5 14.5 16.5 40

18 16.0 18.0

V mA mA

# of Transistors

NOTES 1 The AD811JR is specified with 5 V power supplies only, with operation up to 12 volts. 2 See Analog Devices military data sheet for 883B tested specifications. 3 FPBW = slew rate/(2 VPEAK). 4 Output power level, tested at a closed loop gain of two. 5 Useful operating range is defined as the output voltage at which linearity begins to degrade. Specifications subject to change without notice.

REV. C

AD811
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS 1 MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION

Supply Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 V AD811JR Grade Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 V Internal Power Dissipation2 . . . . . . . . Observe Derating Curves Output Short Circuit Duration . . . . . Observe Derating Curves Common-Mode Input Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VS Differential Input Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 V Storage Temperature Range (Q, E) . . . . . . . . 65C to +150C Storage Temperature Range (N, R) . . . . . . . . 65C to +125C Operating Temperature Range AD811J . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0C to +70C AD811A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40C to +85C AD811S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55C to +125C Lead Temperature Range (Soldering 60 sec) . . . . . . . . +300C
NOTES 1 Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. 2 8-Pin Plastic Package: JA = 90C/Watt 8-Pin Cerdip Package: JA = 110C/Watt 8-Pin SOIC Package: JA = 155C/Watt 16-Pin SOIC Package: JA = 85C/Watt 20-Pin SOIC Package: JA = 80C/Watt 20-Pin LCC Package: JA = 70C/Watt

The maximum power that can be safely dissipated by the AD811 is limited by the associated rise in junction temperature. For the plastic packages, the maximum safe junction temperature is 145C. For the cerdip and LCC packages, the maximum junction temperature is 175C. If these maximums are exceeded momentarily, proper circuit operation will be restored as soon as the die temperature is reduced. Leaving the device in the overheated condition for an extended period can result in device burnout. To ensure proper operation, it is important to observe the derating curves in Figures 17 and 18. While the AD811 is internally short circuit protected, this may not be sufficient to guarantee that the maximum junction temperature is not exceeded under all conditions. One important example is when the amplifier is driving a reverse terminated 75 cable and the cables far end is shorted to a power supply. With power supplies of 12 volts (or less) at an ambient temperature of +25C or less, if the cable is shorted to a supply rail, then the amplifier will not be destroyed, even if this condition persists for an extended period.
ESD SUSCEPTIBILITY

ORDERING GUIDE Model Temperature Range Package Option*

AD811AN AD811AR-16 AD811AR-20 AD811JR AD811SQ/883B 5962-9313001MPA AD811SE/883B 5962-9313001M2A AD811JR-REEL AD811JR-REEL7 AD811AR-16-REEL AD811AR-16-REEL7 AD811AR-20-REEL AD811ACHIPS AD811SCHIPS

40C to +85C 40C to +85C 40C to +85C 0C to +70C 55C to +125C 55C to +125C 55C to +125C 55C to +125C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C 40C to +85C 55C to +125C

N-8 R-16 R-20 SO-8 Q-8 Q-8 E-20A E-20A SO-8 SO-8 SO-8 SO-8 SO-8 Die Die

ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 volts, which readily accumulate on the human body and on test equipment, can discharge without detection. Although the AD811 features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may still occur on these devices if they are subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid any performance degradation or loss of functionality.

METALIZATION PHOTOGRAPH
Contact Factory for Latest Dimensions. Dimensions Shown in Inches and (mm).

*E = Ceramic Leadless Chip Carrier; N = Plastic DIP; Q = Cerdip; SO (R) = Small Outline IC (SOIC).

REV. C

AD811Typical Characteristics
TA = +25C 15

MAGNITUDE OF THE OUTPUT VOLTAGE Volts

20

20 TA = +25C 15

COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE RANGE Volts

NO LOAD 10

10

RL = 150 5

0 0 5 10 SUPPLY VOLTAGE Volts 15 20

0 0 5 10 SUPPLY VOLTAGE Volts 15 20

Figure 1. Input Common-Mode Voltage Range vs. Supply

Figure 2. Output Voltage Swing vs. Supply

35

21

30

QUIESCENT SUPPLY CURRENT mA

18

OUTPUT VOLTAGE Volts pp

VS = 15V 25 20 15 VS = 5V

15

VS = 15V

12 VS = 5V 9

10 5 0 10

1k 100 LOAD RESISTANCE

10k

3 60

40

20

0 20 60 40 80 100 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE C

120

140

Figure 3. Output Voltage Swing vs. Resistive Load

Figure 4. Quiescent Supply Current vs. Junction Temperature

10 NONINVERTING INPUT 5 TO 15V

10 8

INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE mV

6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8

INPUT BIAS CURRENT A

0 VS = 5V INVERTING INPUT 10

V S = 5V

20

VS = 15V

VS = 15V

30 60

40

20

0 20 40 60 80 100 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE C

120

140

10 60

40

20

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

JUNCTION TEMPERATURE C

Figure 5. Input Bias Current vs. Junction Temperature

Figure 6. Input Offset Voltage vs. Junction Temperature

REV. C

AD811
250 2.0 VS = 15V R L = 200 VOUT = 10V
TRANSRESISTANCE M SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT mA

200 V S = 15V 150

1.5

1.0

100

V S = 5V

0.5

VS = 5V R L = 150 VOUT = 2.5V

50 60

40

20

0 20 40 60 80 100 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE C

120

140

0 60

40

20

0 20 40 60 80 100 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE C

120

140

Figure 7. Short Circuit Current vs. Junction Temperature

Figure 8. Transresistance vs. Junction Temperature

10

100

100

CLOSED-LOOP OUTPUT RESISTANCE

NOISE VOLTAGE nV/ Hz

INVERTING CURRENT VS = 5 TO 15V 10 10

0.1 VS = 15V GAIN = +2 R FB = 649 0.01 10k

VOLTAGE NOISE V S = 15V VOLTAGE NOISE V S = 5V 1

100k

1M FREQUENCY Hz

10M

100M

10

100

1k FREQUENCY Hz

10k

1 100k

Figure 9. Closed-Loop Output Resistance vs. Frequency

Figure 10. Input Noise vs. Frequency

10 RISE TIME 8 60
3dB BANDWIDTH MHz OVERSHOOT %

200

10

160

VO = 1V pp VS = 15V R L = 150 GAIN = +2

RISETIME ns

6 OVERSHOOT 4 VS = 15V VO = 1V pp R L = 150 GAIN = +2

40

120 BANDWIDTH 80

20

40 PEAKING

0 400

600

1.0k 1.2k 1.4k 800 VALUE OF FEEDBACK RESISTOR (R FB )

1.6k

0 400

600

1.0k 1.2k 1.4k 800 VALUE OF FEEDBACK RESISTOR R FB

0 1.6k

Figure 11. Rise Time & Overshoot vs. Value of Feedback Resistor, RFB

Figure 12. 3 dB Bandwidth & Peaking vs. Value of RFB

REV. C

PEAKING dB

NOISE CURRENT pA/ Hz

VS = 5V

NONINVERTING CURRENT VS = 5 TO 15V

AD811Typical Characteristics
110
649

25
649

100
VIN

OUTPUT VOLTAGE Volts pp

VOUT 150

20

VS = 15V

90 80 70 VS = 15V 60 50 40 30 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY Hz 1M 10M V S = 5V

150

CMRR dB

15

GAIN = +10 OUTPUT LEVEL FOR 3% THD

10 V S = 5V 5

0 100k

1M 10M FREQUENCY Hz

100M

Figure 13. Common-Mode Rejection vs. Frequency

Figure 14. Large Signal Frequency Response

80 70 60 50 VS = 15V R F = 649 AV = +2

50 VOUT = 2V pp R L = 100 GAIN = +2 70

40 30 20 10 5 1k

CURVES ARE FOR WORST CASE CONDITION WHERE ONE SUPPLY IS VARIED WHILE THE OTHER IS HELD CONSTANT.

HARMONIC DISTORTION dBc

VS = 5V

5V SUPPLIES

PSRR dB

90
2ND HARMONIC 3RD HARMONIC

15V SUPPLIES

110
2ND HARMONIC 3RD HARMONIC

130 10k 100k FREQUENCY Hz 1M 10M 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY Hz 1M 10M

Figure 15. Power Supply Rejection vs. Frequency

Figure 16. Harmonic Distortion vs. Frequency

2.5 TJ MAX = 145C

TOTAL POWER DISSIPATION Watts
TOTAL POWER DISSIPATION Watts

3.4 3.2 3.0 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 60 8-PIN CERDIP 20-PIN LCC TJ MAX = 175C

16-PIN SOIC 2.0 20-PIN SOIC 1.5 8-PIN MINI-DIP

1.0 8-PIN SOIC 0.5 50 40 30 20 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE C

80

90

40

20

0 20 40 60 80 100 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE C

120

140

Figure 17. Maximum Power Dissipation vs. Temperature for Plastic Packages

Figure 18. Maximum Power Dissipation vs. Temperature for Hermetic Packages

REV. C

Typical Characteristics, Noninverting ConnectionAD811

R FB

9 G = +1 R L = 150 R G=

+V S 0.1F RG 2 7 VOUT TO TEKTRONIX P6201 FET PROBE

6 3
GAIN dB

VS = 15V R FB = 750

0 3 V S = 5V R FB = 619

AD811
VIN 3 HP8130 50 PULSE GENERATOR 0.1F 4

6 RL

6 9 12
VS

1M

10M FREQUENCY Hz

100M

Figure 19. Noninverting Amplifier Connection

Figure 20. Closed-Loop Gain vs. Frequency, Gain = +1

26 G = +10 RL = 150 VS = 15V RFB = 511

23

1V
100

10ns
20

GAIN dB

VIN

90

17 VS = 5V R FB = 442

14

VOUT 10
0%

11

1V

8 1M

10M FREQUENCY Hz

100M

Figure 21. Small Signal Pulse Response, Gain = +1

Figure 22. Closed-Loop Gain vs. Frequency, Gain = +10

100mV
100

10ns
100

1V
VIN
90

20ns

VIN

90

VOUT 10
0%

VOUT 10
0%

1V

10V
Figure 24. Large Signal Pulse Response, Gain = +10

Figure 23. Small Signal Pulse Response, Gain = +10

REV. C

AD811Typical Characteristics, Inverting Connection

R FB
6 G = 1 RL = 150 VS = 15V RFB = 590

+VS 0.1F VIN HP8130 PULSE GENERATOR 3 RG 2 7 VOUT TO TEKTRONIX P6201 FET PROBE

GAIN dB

AD811
4

6 RL

3 VS = 5V RFB = 562

0.1F

12 1M

VS

10M FREQUENCY Hz

100M

Figure 25. Inverting Amplifier Connection

Figure 26. Closed-Loop Gain vs. Frequency, Gain = 1

26 G = 10 RL = 150

23

1V
100

10ns
20
GAIN dB

VS = 15V RFB = 511

VIN

90

17 VS = 5V RFB = 442

14

VOUT 10
0%

11

1V

8 1M 10M FREQUENCY Hz 100M

Figure 27. Small Signal Pulse Response, Gain = 1

Figure 28. Closed-Loop Gain vs. Frequency, Gain = 10

100mV
100

10ns
100

1V
VIN
90

20ns

VIN

90

VOUT 10
0%

VOUT 10
0%

1V

10V
Figure 30. Large Signal Pulse Response, Gain = 10

Figure 29. Small Signal Pulse Response, Gain = 10

REV. C

ApplicationsAD811
AD811 APPLICATIONS General Design Considerations

The AD811 is a current feedback amplifier optimized for use in high performance video and data acquisition applications. Since it uses a current feedback architecture, its closed-loop 3 dB bandwidth is dependent on the magnitude of the feedback resistor. The desired closed-loop gain and bandwidth are obtained by varying the feedback resistor (RFB) to tune the bandwidth, and varying the gain resistor (RG) to get the correct gain. Table I contains recommended resistor values for a variety of useful closed-loop gains and supply voltages.
Table I. 3 dB Bandwidth vs. Closed-Loop Gain and Resistance Values VS = 15 V Closed-Loop Gain

a reduction in closed-loop bandwidth. To compensate for this, smaller values of feedback resistor are used at lower supply voltages.
Achieving the Flattest Gain Response at High Frequency

Achieving and maintaining gain flatness of better than 0.1 dB at frequencies above 10 MHz requires careful consideration of several issues.
Choice of Feedback and Gain Resistors

RFB

RG

3 dB BW (MHz)

+1 +2 +10 1 10
VS = 5 V Closed-Loop Gain

750 649 511 590 511

649 56.2 590 51.1

140 120 100 115 95

3 dB BW (MHz)

Because of the above-mentioned relationship between the 3 dB bandwidth and the feedback resistor, the fine scale gain flatness will, to some extent, vary with feedback resistor tolerance. It is, therefore, recommended that resistors with a 1% tolerance be used if it is desired to maintain flatness over a wide range of production lots. In addition, resistors of different construction have different associated parasitic capacitance and inductance. Metal-film resistors were used for the bulk of the characterization for this data sheet. It is possible that values other than those indicated will be optimal for other resistor types.
Printed Circuit Board Layout Considerations

RFB

RG

+1 +2 +10 1 10
VS = 10 V Closed-Loop Gain

619 562 442 562 442

562 48.7 562 44.2

80 80 65 75 65
3 dB BW (MHz)

As to be expected for a wideband amplifier, PC board parasitics can affect the overall closed loop performance. Of concern are stray capacitances at the output and the inverting input nodes. If a ground plane is to be used on the same side of the board as the signal traces, a space (3/16" is plenty) should be left around the signal lines to minimize coupling. Additionally, signal lines connecting the feedback and gain resistors should be short enough so that their associated inductance does not cause high frequency gain errors. Line lengths less than 1/4" are recommended.
Quality of Coaxial Cable

RFB

RG

+1 +2 +10 1 10

649 590 499 590 499

590 49.9 590 49.9

105 105 80 105 80

Optimum flatness when driving a coax cable is possible only when the driven cable is terminated at each end with a resistor matching its characteristic impedance. If the coax was ideal, then the resulting flatness would not be affected by the length of the cable. While outstanding results can be achieved using inexpensive cables, it should be noted that some variation in flatness due to varying cable lengths may be experienced.
Power Supply Bypassing

Figures 11 and 12 illustrate the relationship between the feedback resistor and the frequency and time domain response characteristics for a closed-loop gain of +2. (The response at other gains will be similar.) The 3 dB bandwidth is somewhat dependent on the power supply voltage. As the supply voltage is decreased for example, the magnitude of internal junction capacitances is increased, causing

Adequate power supply bypassing can be critical when optimizing the performance of a high frequency circuit. Inductance in the power supply leads can form resonant circuits that produce peaking in the amplifiers response. In addition, if large current transients must be delivered to the load, then bypass capacitors (typically greater than 1 F) will be required to provide the best settling time and lowest distortion. Although the recommended 0.1 F power supply bypass capacitors will be sufficient in many applications, more elaborate bypassing (such as using two paralleled capacitors) may be required in some cases.

REV. C

AD811
Driving Capacitive Loads
100 90 80 G = +2 VS = 15V RS VALUE SPECIFIED IS FOR FLATTEST FREQUENCY RESPONSE

VALUE OF R S

The feedback and gain resistor values in Table I will result in very flat closed-loop responses in applications where the load capacitances are below 10 pF. Capacitances greater than this will result in increased peaking and overshoot, although not necessarily in a sustained oscillation. There are at least two very effective ways to compensate for this effect. One way is to increase the magnitude of the feedback resistor, which lowers the 3 dB frequency. The other method is to include a small resistor in series with the output of the amplifier to isolate it from the load capacitance. The results of these two techniques are illustrated in Figure 32. Using a 1.5 k feedback resistor, the output ripple is less than 0.5 dB when driving 100 pF. The main disadvantage of this method is that it sacrifices a little bit of gain flatness for increased capacitive load drive capability. With the second method, using a series resistor, the loss of flatness does not occur.
R FB

70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 10pF

100pF LOAD CAPACITANCE

1000pF

Figure 33. Recommended Value of Series Resistor vs. the Amount of Capacitive Load

+VS 0.1F RG 2 7 R S (OPTIONAL)

Figure 33 shows recommended resistor values for different load capacitances. Refer again to Figure 32 for an example of the results of this method. Note that it may be necessary to adjust the gain setting resistor, RG, to correct for the attenuation which results due to the divider formed by the series resistor, RS, and the load resistance.
VOUT CL RL

AD811
V IN 3 RT 0.1F 4

Applications which require driving a large load capacitance at a high slew rate are often limited by the output current available from the driving amplifier. For example, an amplifier limited to 25 mA output current cannot drive a 500 pF load at a slew rate greater than 50 V/s. However, because of the AD811s 100 mA output current, a slew rate of 200 V/s is achievable when driving this same 500 pF capacitor (see Figure 34).
2V
100

VS

Figure 31. Recommended Connection for Driving a Large Capacitive Load

VIN
12

100ns

90

R FB = 1.5k RS = 0

GAIN dB

VOUT 10
0%

G = +2 VS = 15V RL = 10k C L = 100pF

R FB = 649 RS = 30

5V
Figure 34. Output Waveform of an AD811 Driving a 500 pF Load. Gain = +2, RFB = 649 , RS = 15 , RS = 10 k

6 1M 10M FREQUENCY Hz 100M

Figure 32. Performance Comparison of Two Methods for Driving a Capacitive Load

10

REV. C

AD811
Operation as a Video Line Driver

The AD811 has been designed to offer outstanding performance at closed-loop gains of one or greater, while driving multiple reverse-terminated video loads. The lowest differential gain and phase errors will be obtained when using 15 volt power supplies. With 12 volt supplies, there will be an insignificant increase in these errors and a slight improvement in gain flatness. Due to power dissipation considerations, 12 volt supplies are recommended for optimum video performance. Excellent performance can be achieved at much lower supplies as well. The closed-loop gain vs. frequency at different supply voltages is shown in Figure 36. Figure 37 is an oscilloscope photograph of an AD811 line drivers pulse response with 15 volt supplies. The differential gain and phase error vs. supply are plotted in Figures 38 and 39, respectively. Another important consideration when driving multiple cables is the high frequency isolation between the outputs of the cables. Due to its low output impedance, the AD811 achieves better than 40 dB of output to output isolation at 5 MHz driving back terminated 75 cables.
649 649 +VS 0.1F 2 VIN 75 CABLE 3 75 0.1F 7 75 75 CABLE VOUT #2 75 75 75 CABLE VOUT #1 75

1V
100

10ns

VIN

90

VOUT 10
0%

1V
Figure 37. Small Signal Pulse Response, Gain = +2, VS = 15 V

0.10 0.09 RF = 649 FC = 3.58MHz 100 IRE MODULATED RAMP

DIFFERENTIAL GAIN %

0.08 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01

a. DRIVING A SINGLE, BACK TERMINATED,

75 COAX CABLE

b. DRIVING TWO PARALLEL,

BACK TERMINATED, COAX CABLES

AD811
4

a
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 SUPPLY VOLTAGE Volts 13 14 15

VS

Figure 35. A Video Line Driver Operating at a Gain of +2

Figure 38. Differential Gain Error vs. Supply Voltage for the Video Line Driver of Figure 35

12
DIFFERENTIAL PHASE Degrees

0.20

G = +2 R L = 150 R G = R FB

VS = 15V RFB = 649

0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02

R F = 649 FC = 3.58MHz 100 IRE MODULATED RAMP

6
GAIN dB

a. DRIVING A SINGLE, BACK TERMINATED,

75 COAX CABLE

3 VS = 5V RFB = 562 0

b. DRIVING TWO PARALLEL,

BACK TERMINATED, COAX CABLES

a
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 SUPPLY VOLTAGE Volts 13 14 15

6 1M 10M FREQUENCY Hz 100M

Figure 36. Closed-Loop Gain vs. Frequency, Gain = +2

Figure 39. Differential Phase Error vs. Supply Voltage for the Video Line Driver of Figure 35

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AD811
An 80 MHz Voltage-Controlled Amplifier Circuit

The voltage-controlled amplifier (VCA) circuit of Figure 40 shows the AD811 being used with the AD834, a 500 MHz, 4-quadrant multiplier. The AD834 multiplies the signal input by the dc control voltage, VG. The AD834 outputs are in the form of differential currents from a pair of open collectors, ensuring that the full bandwidth of the multiplier (which exceeds 500 MHz) is available for certain applications. Here, the AD811 op amp provides a buffered, single-ended groundreferenced output. Using feedback resistors R8 and R9 of 511 , the overall gain ranges from 70 dB, for VG = 0 dB to +12 dB, (a numerical gain of four), when VG = +1 V. The overall transfer function of the VCA is: VOUT = 4 (X1 X2)(Y1 Y2) which reduces to VOUT = 4 VG VIN using the labeling conventions shown in Figure 40. The circuits 3 dB bandwidth of 80 MHz, is maintained essentially constantindependent of gain. The response can be maintained flat to within 0.1 dB from dc to 40 MHz at full gain with the addition of an optional capacitor of about 0.3 pF across the feedback resistor R8. The circuit produces a full-scale output of 4 V for a 1 V input, and can drive a reverse-terminated load of 50 or 75 to 2 V.

The gain can be increased to 20 dB (10) by raising R8 and R9 to 1.27 k, with a corresponding decrease in 3 dB bandwidth to about 25 MHz. The maximum output voltage under these conditions will be increased to 9 V using 12 V supplies. The gain-control input voltage, VG, may be a positive or negative ground-referenced voltage, or fully differential, depending on the users choice of connections at Pins 7 and 8. A positive value of VG results in an overall noninverting response. Reversing the sign of VG simply causes the sign of the overall response to invert. In fact, although this circuit has been classified as a voltage-controlled amplifier, it is also quite useful as a generalpurpose four-quadrant multiplier, with good load-driving capabilities and fully-symmetrical responses from X- and Y-inputs. The AD811 and AD834 can both be operated from power supply voltages of 5 V. While it is not necessary to power them from the same supplies, the common-mode voltage at W1 and W2 must be biased within the common-mode range of the AD811s input stage. To achieve the lowest differential gain and phase errors, it is recommended that the AD811 be operated from power supply voltages of 10 volts or greater. This VCA circuit is designed to operate from a 12 volt dual power supply.

FB +12V C1 0.1F

+
VG

R1 100

R8*

R2 100

8 X2

5 W1

X1 +V S

R4 182

R6 294 7 2

U1 AD834
3 Y1 1 VIN Y2 2 VS 3 W2 4 R5 182 R7 294

U3 AD811
4

VOUT

RL

R3 249

R9* C2 0.1F

12V *R8 = R9 = 511 FOR X4 GAIN = 1.27k FOR X10 GAIN FB

Figure 40. An 80 MHz Voltage-Controlled Amplifier

12

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AD811
A Video Keyer Circuit

By using two AD834 multipliers, an AD811, and a 1 V dc source, a special form of a two-input VCA circuit called a video keyer can be assembled. Keying is the term used in reference to blending two or more video sources under the control of a third signal or signals to create such special effects as dissolves and overlays. The circuit shown in Figure 41 is a two-input keyer, with video inputs VA and VB, and a control input VG. The transfer function (with VOUT at the load) is given by: VOUT = G VA + (1G) VB where G is a dimensionless variable (actually, just the gain of the A signal path) that ranges from 0 when VG = 0, to 1 when VG = +1 V. Thus, VOUT varies continuously between VA and VB as G varies from 0 to 1. Circuit operation is straightforward. Consider first the signal path through U1, which handles video input VA. Its gain is clearly zero when VG = 0 and the scaling we have chosen ensures that it is unity when VG = +1 V; this takes care of the first term of the transfer function. On the other hand, the VG input to U2 is taken to the inverting input X2 while X1 is biased at an accurate +1 V. Thus, when VG = 0, the response to video input VB is already at its full-scale value of unity, whereas when VG = +1 V, the differential input X1X2 is zero. This generates the second term.

The bias currents required at the output of the multipliers are provided by R8 and R9. A dc-level-shifting network comprising R10/R12 and R11/R13 ensures that the input nodes of the AD811 are positioned at a voltage within its common-mode range. At high frequencies C1 and C2 bypass R10 and R11 respectively. R14 is included to lower the HF loop gain, and is needed because the voltage-to-current conversion in the AD834s, via the Y2 inputs, results in an effective value of the feedback resistance of 250 ; this is only about half the value required for optimum flatness in the AD811s response. (Note that this resistance is unaffected by G: when G = 1, all the feedback is via U1, while when G = 0 it is all via U2). R14 reduces the fractional amount of output current from the multipliers into the current-summing inverting input of the AD811, by sharing it with R8. This resistor can be used to adjust the bandwidth and damping factor to best suit the application. To generate the 1 V dc needed for the 1G term an AD589 reference supplies 1.225 V 25 mV to a voltage divider consisting of resistors R2 through R4. Potentiometer R3 should be adjusted to provide exactly +1 V at the X1 input. In this case, we have shown an arrangement using dual supplies of 5 V for both the AD834 and the AD811. Also, the overall gain in this case is arranged to be unity at the load, when it is driven from a reverse-terminated 75 line. This means that the dual VCA has to operate at a maximum gain of 2, rather
R14 SEE TEXT SETUP FOR DRIVING REVERSE-TERMINATED LOAD

C1 +5V R7 45.3 R6 226 0.1F

R5 113 VG (0 TO +1V DC) 8 X2 +5V R1 1.87k U4 AD589 7 6

R10 2.49k

TO PIN 6 AD811

ZO

VOUT

200 5 W1 TO Y2 200 R8 29.4 R12 6.98k +5V

ZO

X1 +V S

U1 AD834
V S 3

INSET

R2 174 V A (1V FS) R3 100

Y1 1

Y2 2

W2 4 FB

5V +5V 5V

C3 0.1F 2 7 LOAD GND

R4 1.02k

8 X2

5 W1

R9 29.4

R13 6.98k 3

U3 AD811
4 C4 0.1F FB

VOUT

X1 +V S

U1 AD834

C2 0.1F

Y1 1 VB (1V FS)

Y2 2

V S 3

W2 4 R11 2.49k

LOAD GND

5V

5V

Figure 41. A Practical Video Keyer Circuit

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AD811
than 4 as in the VCA circuit of Figure 40. However, this cannot be achieved by lowering the feedback resistor, since below a critical value (not much less than 500 ) the AD811s peaking may be unacceptable. This is because the dominant pole in the open-loop ac response of a current-feedback amplifier is controlled by this feedback resistor. It would be possible to operate at a gain of X4 and then attenuate the signal at the output. Instead, we have chosen to attenuate the signals by 6 dB at the input to the AD811; this is the function of R8 through R11. Figure 42 is a plot of the ac response of the feedback keyer, when driving a reverse terminated 50 cable. Output noise and adjacent channel feedthrough, with either channel fully off and the other fully on, is about 50 dB to 10 MHz. The feedthrough at 100 MHz is limited primarily by board layout. For VG = +1 V, the 3 dB bandwidth is 15 MHz when using a 137 resistor for R14 and 70 MHz with R14 = 49.9 . For further information regarding the design and operation of the VCA and video keyer circuits, refer to the application note Video VCAs and Keyers Using the AD834 & AD811 by Brunner, Clarke, and Gilbert, available FREE from Analog Devices.

R14 = 49.9 0 GAIN 10 R14 = 137 CLOSED-LOOP GAIN dB 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

ADJACENT CHANNEL FEEDTHROUGH

10k

100k

1M FREQUENCY Hz

10M

100M

Figure 42. A Plot of the AC Response of the Video Keyer

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AD811
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
Dimensions shown in inches and (mm).

Plastic Mini-DIP (N) Package

0.082 0.018 (2.085 0.455)
0.25 (6.35) 1 4 0.30 (7.62) REF 0.31 (7.87)

20-Pin LCC (E-20A) Package

0.350 0.008 SQ (8.89 0.20) SQ

0.040 x 45 (1.02 x 45) REF 3 PLCS

0.025 0.003 (0.635 0.075) NO. 1 PIN INDEX 0.050 (1.27)

0.39 (9.91) MAX 0.035 0.01 (0.89 0.25)

0.165 0.01 (4.19 0.25) SEATING PLANE 0.125 (3.18) MIN

0.011 0.03 (4.57 0.76) 0.18 0.03 (4.57 0.76)

0.020 x 45 (0.51 x 45) REF

0.018 0.003 (0.46 0.08) 0.033 (0.84) NOM

0.01 (2.54) TYP

0 - 15

16-Lead SOIC (R-16) Package

16

9 0.299 (7.60) 0.291 (7.40) 0.419 (10.65) 0.404 (10.26)

Cerdip (Q) Package

0.005 (0.13) MIN 0.055 (1.35) MAX

PIN 1 1 8

5 0.310 (7.87) 0.220 (5.59)

4 0.070 (1.78) 0.030 (0.76)

0.413 (10.50) 0.398 (10.10)

0.107 (2.72) 0.089 (2.26)

0.364 (9.246) 0.344 (8.738)

0.405 (10.29) MAX 0.200 (5.08) MAX 0.200 (5.08) 0.125 (3.18) 0.060 (1.52) 0.015 (0.38)

0.320 (8.13) 0.290 (7.37)

0.010 (0.25) 0.004 (0.10)

0.050 (1.27) BSC

0.018 (0.46) 0.014 (0.36)

0.015 (0.38) 0.007 (1.18)

0.045 (1.15) 0.020 (0.50)

0.150 (3.81) MIN

0.015 (0.38) 0.008 (0.20)

20-Lead Wide Body SOIC (R-20) Package

0.512 (13.00) 0.496 (12.60)

0.023 (0.58) 0.014 (0.36)

0.100 (2.54) 0 - 15 BSC SEATING PLANE

8-Lead SOIC (R-8) Package

0.150 (3.81)

20

11

0.300 (7.60) 0.292 (7.40) 0.419 (10.65) 0.394 (10.00)

8 0.244 (6.20) 0.228 (5.79) PIN 1 1 4 0.020 (0.051) x 45 CHAMF 0.190 (4.82) 0.170 (4.32) 8 0 10 0 0.098 (0.2482) 0.075 (0.1905) 0.030 (0.76) 0.018 (0.46) 5 0.157 (3.99) 0.150 (3.81)
1 10

0.50 (1.27) BSC

0.019 (0.48) 0.014 (0.36) 0.104 (2.64) 0.093 (2.36) 0.011 (0.28) 0.004 (0.10)

0.197 (5.01) 0.189 (4.80) 0.010 (0.25) 0.004 (0.10) 0.050 (1.27) BSC 0.102 (2.59) 0.094 (2.39)

0.090 (2.29)

0.019 (0.48) 0.014 (0.36)

0.015 (0.38) 0.007 (0.18)

0.050 (1.27) 0.016 (0.40)

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C1592a7.58/94

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