Gio n S hc 7

GV: Phm Th Thanh H 1

Tit 11: 8. Tnh cht
ca dy t s bng nhau

A.Mc tiu:
+HS nm vng tnh cht ca dy t s bng nhau.
+C k nng vn dng tnh cht ny gii cc bi ton chia theo t l.
B.Chun b ca gio vin v hc sinh:
-GV: Bng ph (hoc n chiu, giy trong) ghi cch chng minh dy t s
bng nhau (m rng cho 3 t s) v bi tp.
-HS: n tp cc tnh cht ca t l thc, bt d, bng ph nhm.
C.T chc cc hot ng dy hc:
I.Hot ng 1: Kim tra (8 ph).

Hot ng ca gio vin
-Cu hi:
+Nu tnh cht c bn ca t l thc.
+Cha bi tp 70c,d/ 13 SBT:
Tm x trong cc t l thc
c)0,01 : 2,5 = 0,75x : 0,75

d)
3
1
1 : 0,8 =
3
2
: 0,1x.

-Nhn xt v cho im.


-V nh SGK
Hot ng ca hc sinh
-HS :
+Nu tnh cht c bn ca t l thc:
Nu
b
a
=
d
c
th ad = bc
Hoc: Tch ngoi t bng tch trung t
+Cha BT 70c,d/13 SBT
c)1 : 250 = x x = 0.004
d)
3
4
:
5
4
=
3
2
:
10
x


3
4
.
4
5
=
3
2
:
10
x

3
5
=
3
2
:
10
x


10
x
=
3
2
:
3
5

10
x
=
5
2
x =
5
2 . 10
= 4
-HS theo di v nhn xt bi lm ca
bn v sa cha nu cn.
II.Hot ng 2: Tnh cht ca dy t s bng nhau (20 ph).

Gio n S hc 7
GV: Phm Th Thanh H 2

H ca Gio vin
-Yu cu lm ?1:
Cho t l thc
4
2
=
6
3

So snh t s
6 4
3 2
+
+
v
6 4
3 2

Vi cc t l thc cho.

-Vy c nhn xt: c th
vit cc t s trn th
no?

H ca Hc sinh
-Lm ?1
-1 HS kim tra gi tr ca
tng t s trong t l thc
cho.
-1 HS tm gi tr ca cc t
s cn li v so snh.


-Nhn xt cc t s
cho bng nhau nn c
th vit thnh dy bng
nhau.
Ghi bng
1.Tnh cht ca dy t s
bng nhau:
*?1:
4
2
=
6
3

|
.
|

\
|
=
2
1


6 4
3 2
+
+
=
10
5
=
2
1


6 4
3 2

=
2
1

=
2
1


4
2
=
6
3
=
6 4
3 2
+
+
=
6 4
3 2

|
.
|

\
|
=
2
1



-Vy mt cch tng qut
t
t l th
b
a
=
d
c
c th suy
ra
b
a
=
d b
c a
+
+
c khng?
-Yu cu c cch lp
lun ca SGK
-Yu cu 1 HS ln bng
trnh by li.
-Ghi li kt lun.
-Bng cch tng t cng
l lun c dy t s bng
nhau m rng.
-GV treo bng ph ghi
cch chng minh tnh
cht m rng.
-Yu cu HS c VD
SGK
-Yu cu lm BT: v BT
Bi 1:
Tm x v y bit
2
x
=
7
y

v x + y =
18


Bi 2:
-HS t c SGK trang 28,
29
-1 HS ln bng trnh by
li dn n kt lun.






-HS theo di trn bng
ph v nu li cch l
lun.

-Ghi li tnh cht m rng
vo v.

-1 HS c to v d SGK.

-2 HS ln bng trnh by
cung mt lc
*Tnh cht:
b
a
=
d
c

b
a
=
d
c
=
d b
c a
+
+
=
d b
c a

K: b = d
*Tnh cht m rng
b
a
=
d
c
=
f
e

b
a
=
d
c
=
f
e
=
f d b
e c a
+ +
+ +

=
f d b
e c a
+
+
=
f d b
e c a
+
+

=
f d b
e c a


= ..

*VD: SGK
Bi 1: Tm x v y bit
2
x
=
7
y

v x + y =
18
ta c
2
x
=
7
y
=
7 2 +
+ y x
=
9
18
=
2
x = 2. 2 = 4
y = 2. 7 = 14
Bi 2: Tm x v y bit
x :3 = y :(-7) v x - y = -10
Gio n S hc 7
GV: Phm Th Thanh H 3

Tm x v y bit
x :3 = y :(-7) v x - y = -10
ta c
3
x
=
7
y
=
) 7 ( 2
y x
=
9
10

x =
9
10
.3 =
3
1
3

y =
9
10
.(-7) =
9
7
7

III.Hot ng 3: ch (8 ph).



-Nu ch nh SGK
-Yu cu t lm ?2 Dng
dy t s bng nhau
th hin cu ni: S hc
sinh ca ba lp 7A, 7B,
7C t l vi cc s 8 ; 9 ;
10.

-Sau khi HS lm ?2 xong
yu cu lm bi 4 v BT


-Theo di GV nu ch
v xem SGK.


-HS t lm ?2.
-1 HS ln bng th hin.

-Tin hnh lm ?2.
-1 HS ln bng trnh by
2. Ch :
*Khi
2
a
=
3
b
=
5
c
ni a, b, c
t l vi cc s 2 ; 3 ; 5.
Vit: a : b: c = 2 : 3 : 5

*?2: Gi s hc sinh cc
lp 7A, 7B, 7C l a, b, c
ta c:
8
a
=
9
b
=
10
c

*Bi 4(57/30 SGK)

-Gi 1 HS ln bng trnh
by.



-Yu cu tr li y .

-1 HS ln bng trnh by
cch lm .



*Bi 4(57/30 SGK)
Gi s vin bi ca ba bn
Minh, Hng, Dng l x, y,
z
2
x
=
4
y
=
5
z
=
5 4 2 + +
+ + z y x
=
11
44

= 4
x = 4 . 2 = 8
y = 4 . 4 = 16
z = 4 . 5 = 20


IV.Hot ng 4: Luyn tp cng c (7 ph).


-Yu cu nu tnh cht
ca dy t s bng nhau







-1 HS ln bng vit tnh
cht m rng
b
a
=
d
c
=
f
e

b
a
=
d
c
=
f
e
=
f d b
e c a
+ +
+ +

=
f d b
e c a
+
+
=
f d b
e c a
+
+

Bi 3 (56/30 SGK):
Gi chiu rng v chiu
di ca hnh ch nht l
x(m) v y(m), x > 0, y >0.
Ta c
y
x
=
5
2
v
2.(x+y)=28
Hay
2
x
=
5
y
v x+y = 14
Gio n S hc 7
GV: Phm Th Thanh H 4



-Yu cu lm BT 56/30
SGK ( bi 3 v BT)
=
f d b
e c a


= ..



Nn
2
x
=
5
y
=
5 2 +
+ y x
=
7
14
=
2
x = 2 . 2 = 4 (m)
y = 2.5 = 10 (m)
Din tch hnh ch nht
l;
x.y = 4 .10 = 40 (m
2
)

V.Hot ng 5: Hng dn v nh (2 ph).
-n tp cc tnh cht ca t l thc v tnh cht ca dy t s bng nhau.
-BTVN: 58, 59, 60 trang 30, 31 SGK; 74, 75, 76 trang 14 SBT.
-Tit sau luyn tp.