Gio n S hc 7

GV: Phm Th Thanh H 1

Tit 21: n tp chng I (tit2)

A.Mc tiu:
+n tp cc tnh cht ca t l thc v dy t s bng nhau, khi nim s v
t, s thc cn bc hai.
+Rn k nng tm s cha bit trong t l thc, trong dy t s bng nhau,
gii ton v t s, chia t l, thc hin php tnh trong R, tm gi tr nh nht
ca biu thc c cha du gi tr tuyt i.
B.Chun b ca gio vin v hc sinh:
-GV: Bng ph (hoc n chiu, giy trong) ghi: nh nghi, tnh cht c
bn ca t l thc. Tnh cht ca dy t s bng nhau. Bi tp.
-HS: +bng ph nhm, my tnh b ti.
+Lm 5 cu hi n tp chng I (t cu 6 n cu 10), lm BT theo yu
cu.
C.T chc cc hot ng dy hc:
I.Hot ng 1: Kim tra (10 ph).

Hot ng ca gio vin
-Cu hi 1:
+Vit cng thc nhn, chia hai lu tha
cng c s, cng thc tnh lu tha ca
mt tch, mt thng, mt lu tha.
+p dng: Rt gn biu thc sau

7
7 6
45
5 . 9

-Cu hi 2: Cha BT 99/49 SGK
Tnh gi tr biu thc
Q =
|
.
|

\
|
008 , 1
25
2
:
7
4
:
(

|
.
|

\
|

17
2
2 .
9
5
6
4
1
3


-Cho nhn xt bi lm ca HS.
-Cho im.

Hot ng ca hc sinh
-HS 1:
+Vit cc cng thc theo yu cu.
+p dng: Rt gn
7
7 6
45
5 . 9
=
( )
7
7 6
5 . 9
5 . 9
=
7 7
7 6
5 . 9
5 . 9
=
9
1



-HS 2: Cha bi tp
Q =
|
.
|

\
|

125
126
25
2
:
7
4
:
(

|
.
|

\
|

17
36
.
9
59
4
13

=
125
116
.
4
7
:
|
.
|

\
|
17
36
.
36
119
=
125
7 . 29
: (-7)
=
125
7 . 29
.
7
1
=
125
29

-Nhn xt bi lm ca bn.
II.Hot ng 2: n tp t l thc, dy t s bng nhau (10 ph).

Gio n S hc 7
GV: Phm Th Thanh H 2

H ca Gio vin
-Th no l t s ca
hai s hu t a v b (b =
0) ?


-T l thc l g?


-Nu v d v t l thc.

H ca Hc sinh
-ai din HS nu nh
ngha t s ca hai s hu
t.

-HS nu nh ngha t l
thc.


-2 HS ly v d v t l
thc.
Ghi bng
I.T l thc, dy t s
bng..:
1.nh ngha:
-T s ca a v beQ (b =
0): thng ca a chia cho
b
-T l thc: Hai t s bng
nhau
b
a
=
d
c

-VD:
7
4
=
7 , 14
4 , 8

-Pht biu tnh cht c
bn ca t l thc.


-Yu cu HS vit
cngthc th hin tnh
cht ca dy t s bng
nhau.

-1 HS pht biu tnh cht
c bn ca t l thc:
Trong t l thc, tch cc
ngoi t bng tch cc
trung t.
-i din HS vit tnh
cht dy t s bng nhau.



2.Tnh cht:
b
a
=
d
c
ad = bc
3.Tnh cht dy t s
bng nhau:
b
a
=
d
c
=
f
e
=
f d b
e c a
+ +
+ +

=
f d b
e c a
+
+
=
f d b
e c a
+
+
=

III.Hot ng 3: n tp cn bc hai, s v t, s thc (7 ph).


-Yu cu nh ngha cn
bc hai ca mt s khng
m a ?
-Nu v d ?
-Th no l s thc?
-Nhn mnh: Tt c cc
s hc u l s thc,
s thc mi lp y trc
s.

-Nu nh ngha tr 40
SGK

-T ly v d

-SHT v SVT c gi
chung l s thc.
II.Cn bc hai, s thc:
1.Cn bc hai:
N: a = x sao cho x
2
=
a
VD: 01 , 0 = 0,1; 25 , 0 =
0,5
2.S thc: Gm SHT v
SVT

IV.Hot ng 4: Luyn tp (20 ph).


-Yu cu lm BT tm x

-Gi 2 HS ln bng lm
cu a, b.

-Yu cu c lp lm vo

-Lm BT 1.

-2 HS ln bng lm BT.


-Cc HS khc lm vo
III.Luyn tp:
BT 1: Tm x
a)5x : 20 = 1 : 2
5x = (20.1) : 2
5x = 10
x = 2
Gio n S hc 7
GV: Phm Th Thanh H 3

v BT.

-Gi cc HS khc nhn
xt sa cha.







-Yu cu c v tm tt
BT 103 SGK.

v.


-Nhn xt sa cha bi
lm ca bn.







-c u bi
-Tm tt:
Chia li theo t l 3 : 5
Tng s li: 12 800 000
S tin mi t c chia ?
b)
14
3
:
15
6 x
=
42
21
:
7
4


14
3
:
5
2 x
=
2
1
:
7
4


5
2 x
=
14
3
.
7
4
:
2
1


5
2 x
=
49
3

x 2 =
49
5 . 3

x =
2 . 49
5 . 3
=
98
15

BT 2 (103/50 SGK):
Gi s li mi t c chia
l x, y.
Ta c x : y = 3 : 5
Hay
3
x
=
5
y

-Gi 1 HS ln bng trnh
by li gii.

-Cho lm BT pht trin t
duy:
-Ta bit x + y > y x +
du = xy ra xy > 0
(x, y cng du).
BT: Tm gi tr nh nht
ca biu thc :
A = 2001 x + 1 x
-Gi :
+So snh A vi gi tr
tuyt i ca tng hai
biu thc.
+Kt qu ch c c vi
iu kin no?
-Yu cu hot ng
nhm
-1 HS ln bng trnh by
li gii.





-Hot ng nhm lm BT
3 theo hng dn ca GV.



-i din nhm trnh by
li gii.

3
x
=
5
y
=
5 3 +
+ y x
=
8
12800000

= 1 600 000
x = 1600000 . 3 =
4800000
y = 1600000 . 5 =
8000000

BT 3: Tm gi tr nh nht
ca biu thc :
A = 2001 x + 1 x
= 2001 x + x 1
A > x x + 1 2001
A > 2000
A > 2000
Vy gi tr nh nht ca
A l 2000
(x-2001) v (1-x) cng
du
1 s x s 2001

IV.Hot ng 4: Hng dn v nh (1 ph).

-n tp li l thuyt v cc dng bi tp lm tit sau kim tra 1
tit.
Gio n S hc 7
GV: Phm Th Thanh H 4

-Ni dung kim tra gm cu hi l thuyt dng trc nghim, p dng cc
dng BT.