Bi tp ANKAN

Bi 1: c tn cc cht sau:
CH3 CH3
a/ CH3 CH2 CH2 C C CH3
C2H5 CH3
b/ CH3 CH CH CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3
C2H5 CH3
c/ CH3 CH CH CH2 CH2 CH CH3
C2H5 CH3
C2H5
d/ CH2 CH CH2 CH CH2 CH3
Cl
CH3
CH2 CH3

..

Bi 2: Vit CTCT cc cht sau:

a/ 1-clo-2,3-imetylhexan.
b/ 3-etyl-2,4,6-trimetyloctan.
c/ 4-etyl-2,2,4-trimetylhexan.
d/ 3,5-ietyl-2,2,3-trimetyloctan
e/ 1-clo-3-etyl-2,4-imetylhexan.
f/ 2brom-1clo-3,6-ietyl-2,4,7-trimetyloctan
Bi 3: Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra khi cho butan phn ng vi :
a/ Tc dng vi clo theo t l 1 : 1
b/ Tch 1 phn t H2
c/ Crcking
Bi 4: t chy hon ton 29 gam mt ankan thu c 88 gam CO2.
a/ Xc nh CTPT, vit CTCT cc ng phn, gi tn.
b/ Tnh th tch khng kh (kc) cn t chy ht 5,8 gam ankan ny.
Bi 5: t chy hon ton 7,2 gam mt ankan thu c 10,8 gam H2O
a/ Xc nh CTPT, vit CTCT cc ng phn, gi tn.
b/ Xc nh CTCT ng ca ankan ny, bit khi cho tc dng vi clo theo t l 1 : 1 ch thu c mt
sn phm.
Bi 6: Mt ankan A c sn phm th monoclo B, trong B clo chim 33,33% v khi lng. Xc nh CTPT
Bi 7: Mt hn hp gm 2 ankan lin tip trong dy ng ng. T khi ca hn hp so vi khng kh = 2,3.
a/ Xc nh CTPT ca 2 ankan.
b/ Tnh % theo th tch ca hn hp.
I.Tm cng thc phn t ca dn xut HC
Cho a(g) HC A phn ng vi Cl2 c chiu sng ch thu c mt sn phm th monoclo duy nht B vi khi
lng 8,52g. trung ho ht dung dch thu c khi hp th ht lng kh HCl trong nc cn 80ml dung
dch NaOH 1M.
a. Xc nh CTCT ca A, B.
b. Tnh a, bit hiu sut phn ng th l 80%.
Bi 2: Cho m(g) monoxicloankan A phn ng vi clo c chiu sng thu c a(g) mt ng phn duy nht,
cht B cha 29,96% Cl theo khi lng. trung ho kh thot ra cn 300ml dung dch NaOH 0,8M
a. Gi tn A & B bit khi lng phn t ca B khng vt qu 120
b. Tnh m, a, bit hiu sut phn ng th l 80%.
Bi 3: Phn tch 3,225g dn xut clo ca ankan c mt AgNO3 thu c 7,175g kt ta. T khi hi ca dn
xut i vi khng kh l 2,2241. Tm cng thc phn t, vit CTCT v gi tn dn xut.
II. Tm cng thc phn t ca HC no
Bi 1: t chy hon ton 19,2g hn hp 2ankan A&B k tip trong dy ng ng thu c 14,56l CO2(00C,
2atm). Tnh th tch hn hp 2 ankan ktc, x CTPT, tng s cc ng phn cu to c th c ca A&B.
A. V = 11,2l, CH4, C2H6 v 2p
B. V = 11,2l, C2H6, C3H6 v 2p
C. V = 22,4l C3H8, C4H10 v 3p
D. V = 22,4l, C4H10, C5H12 v 5p

Bi 2 : Cho xicloankan X tc dng vi Br2 thu c sn phm Y c thnh phn C chim 22,22%, H chim
3,7% theo khi lng cn li l Brom. T khi hi ca Y so vi khng kh l 7,449. CTPT, CTCT ca X v Y
ln lt l:
A. C4H8, C4H8Br2,
,
Br (CH2)4 Br
B. C4H8, C4H8Br2,
,
Br (CH2)2 CHBr CH3
C. C4H8, C4H8Br2,
,
Br (CH2)2 CHBr CH3
D. C4H8, C4H8Br2,
,
Br (CH2)2 CHBr CH3 hoc Br CH2 CH(CH3) CH2Br
Bi 3: t chy hon ton 1HC X thu c 6,72l CO2 ktc v 7,2g H2O. CTPT ca X l:
A.C2H6
B.C3H8
C. C4H10
D. khng x c
Bi 4: Oxi ho hon ton m(g) mt HC X cn 17,92l O2 ktc thu c 11,2l CO2 (ktc). CTPT ca X l:
A. C3H8
B. C4H10
C. C5H12
D.khng x c
Bi 5: t chy ht hn hp X gm 2 HC kh thuc cng dy ng ng hp th ht sn phm chy vo bnh ng
nc vi trong d thu c 25g kt ta v khi lng dung dch nc vi trong gim 7,7g. CTPT ca 2HC trong X
l:
A. CH4, C2H6 B.C2H6, C3H8 C. C3H8, C4H10
D. khng x c
Bi 6: Hn hp X gm 2HC thuc cng dy ng ng. t chy hon ton hn hp X, sn phm chy thu
c cho hp th ht vo bnh 1 ng H2SO4 c, bnh 2 ng 250ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 1M. Sau khi kt thc
phn ng, khi lng bnh 1 tng 8,1g, bnh 2 c 15g kt ta xut hin. CTPT ca 2 HC trong X l:
A.CH4, C4H10
B.C2H6, C4H10
C. C3H8, C4H10
D. C 3.
Bi 7: t chy hon ton 0,15mol hn hp X gm 2 HC no. Sn phm thu c cho hp th ht vo dung
dch Ca(OH)2 d thu c 37,5g kt ta v khi lng bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 tng 23,25g. CTPT ca
2HC trong X l:
A. C2H6, C3H8
B. C3H8, C4H10
C. CH4, C3H8
D. khng x c
Bi 8: t chy hon ton a(g) hn hp 2 ankan A&B(MA < MB) hn km nhau k nguyn t cacbon thu c
b(g) kh CO2.
a. Tm khong cch xc nh s cacbon trong phn t A theo a, b, k?
b. Cho a = 2,72g, b= 8,36g, k =2. Tm CTPT ca A&B, phn trm khi lng A&B trong hn hp.
Bi 9: t chy hon ton 33,6lit hn hp kh X gm butan v ng ng A ca n ri dn sn phm chy vo
bnh cha dung dch NaOH thu c 265g mui trung ho v 252g mui axit. Mt khc nu t chy hon
ton 17920ml hn hp Y gm metan, kh A v CO thu c 40320ml kh CO 2(kh o ktc). Bit rng s
mol A trong hn hp X v hn hp Y bng nhau. X CTPT ca A. Tnh phn trng th tch hn hp kh X v
hn hp Y
Bi 10: t chy hon ton 29,2g hn hp 2ankan. Hp th hon ton ssn phm vo dung dch Ba(OH) 2 thy
khi lng bnh tng 134,8g. Tnh khi lng CO2 v khi lng H2O to thnh. Nu 2ankan l ng ng k
tip, x CTPT ca 2ankan.
Bi 11: t chy hon ton 0,8lit hn hp gm HC A v CO2 trong 3,5lit O2 d thu c 4,9lit hn hp kh.
Sau khi ngng t hi nc cn li 2,5 lit, tip tc dn qua bnh cha photpho trng ung nng ch cn li 2,0lit
kh(cc kh o cng k)
a. Xc nh CTPT ca A
b. Tnh phn trm th tch hn hp u.
c. Cho clo ho A thu c 57% sn phm chnh th monoclo. vit ptpu
Bi 12: Oxi ho hon ton 0,1mol hn hp X gm 2 ankan. Sn phm thu c cho i qua bnh 1 ng H 2SO4
c, bnh 2 ng dung dch Ba(OH)2 d thy khi lng ca bnh 1 tng 6,3g v bnh 2 c m(g) kt ta xut
hin. Gi tr ca m l:
A.68,95g
B.59,1g
C.49,25g
D.kt qu khc
Bi 13: * t chy hon ton mt HC X, sn phm chy thu c cho hp th ht vo 200ml dung dch
Ca(OH)2 1M thy c 10g kt ta v khi lng bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH) 2 tng 16,8g. Lc b kt ta cho
nc lc tc dng vi dung dch Ba(OH)2 d li thu c kt ta. Tng khi lng 2 ln kt ta l 39,7g.
CTPT ca X l:
A.C3H8
B. C3H6
C.C3H4
D.kt qa khc
Bi 14: t chy mt hn hp gm 2HC A&B ng ng lin tip nhau thu c V CO2/VH2O = 12/23. Tm
CTPT A&B v % th tch ca 2 HC ny.

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