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CC BI TON KH HNH HC LP 7
BI 1: Cho hnh ch nht ABCD vi AB = 2AD ,M l trung im ca on AB.Trn AB ly H sao cho ADH = 150.Hai ng thng CH v DM ct nhau ti K.Hy so snh cc on thng DH v DK LI GII :

Trn na mt phng cha C b l ng thng DH dng tam gic u DHN .Gi Q l trung imDC ta c : AD = DQ = QC ADH = QDN = 150 DH = HN ( DHN u ) D ADH = D QDN (c. g .c ) NQD =HAD = 900 NQC = 900 D NQD = D NQC (c. g .c ) NCQ = NDQ = 150 DNC = 1800 - (150 +150 ) = 1500 T suy ra
HNC = 360 0 (60 0 +150 0 ) = 150 0 HNC = DNC (c.g .c ) CH = CD

Tc l CHD cn ti C .M HDC = 90 0 15 0 = 75 0 nn DHC = 75 0 (1) Do tam gic ADM vung cn ti A nn ADM = 45 0 Suyra HDM = 45 0 15 0 = 30 0 (2) Xt tam gic DHK t (1) v (2) suy ra HKD = 75 0 (3) T (1) v(3) suy ra tam gic DHK cn ti D Tc l DH = DK BI2 :Cho tam gic ABC cn ti A ly im O trong tam gic sao cho AOB < AOC So snh di ca OB v OC

K ng cao AH, nu im O thuc AH Th d thy OB =OC v AOB =AOC Tri gi thit . Ga s tia AO nm trong gc BAH v CO ct AH ti M ni BM .ta c OC = OM + MC = OM + MB > OB t suy ra OCB <OBC suy ra : ACO =ACB - OCB >ABC - OBC =ABO (1) Ta c CAO >CAH =BAH >BAO (2) T (1) v (2) ta c : AOB = 1800 - (ABO +BAO ) >1800 - (AC 0 +CAO ) =AOC . iu ny tri gi thit . Vy tia AO phi nm trong gc CAH .Lp lun tng t ta c OB> OC v AOB <AOC Vy AOB <AOC OB > OC BI3 : cho tam gic ABC vung cn ti A .Gi M l trung im BC ,G l im thuc cnh AB sao cho AB = 3AG,El chn ng vung gc h t M xung CG.Cc ng thng MG v AC ct nhau ti D.So snh di DE v BC. LI GII :

Trn tia CA ly im D sao cho Al trung m ca CD th 2 ng trung tuyn BAv DM ct nhau ti G vi 3AG = AB do im D D .Mt khc BA ^ DC

3 nn D BDC vung cn ti B .Do BCD = 450 D BDCvung cn ti B. Do BD = BC (1) Gi N l giao m ca CG v BD .V G trng tm D BDC Nn N l trung im ca BD T BN = CM = BM . H BK ^ NC Th KM =BM = CM v D KCM cn ti M nn KE = CE (2) Li c BNK =CME ( Cng ph vi BCN ) Suy ra D BNK = D CME NBK =MCE V BK = CE (3) T (2) v (3) suy ra KE = KB Nn D BKE l tam gic vung cn ti K do BEK = BEM = 450 . Hai tam gic BKDv CEB C DBK = BCE V BK = CE , BD = CB do D BKD = D CEB DKB =BEC = 1350 Suy ra D DKB = D DKE ( c. g .c ) DB = DE (4) T (1) v (4) suy ra DB = DE BI 4 : Cho tam gic ABC vi ABC =ACB = 360 Trn tia phn gic ca gc ABC ly im N sao cho BCN = 120 .Hy so snh di ca CN v CA LI GII :

Trn tia BA ly im Dsao cho BD = BC Ta c tam gic BCD cn ti B .V 1800 - 360 ABC = 360 nnBCD = BDC = = 720 . 2 Ta li c DAC =ABC +ACB = 360 + 360 = 720 (Tnh cht ca gc ngoi ) BDC =DAC (= 720 ) Suy ra tam gic ACD cn ti C d CA = CD (1). Xt 2 tam gic BDN v BCN c : BN chung BD= BC V CBN =DBN Nn suy ra D BDN = D BCN (c. g .c ) CN = DN D NCD Cn ti N li c : NCD =BCD - BCN = 720 - 120 = 600 D NCD l tam gic u CN = CD (2) T (1) v (2) ta c CA = CN BI 5: Cho tam gic ABC vi BAC = 550 , ABC = 1150 .Trn tia phn gic ca gc ACB ly im M sao cho MAC = 250 . Tnh s o gc BMC

4 LI GII :

Ta c C = 1800 - (550 +1150 ) = 100 . K DE ^ AM (E AC) Ta c DAM =DMA = 300 D DAM cn ti D t suy ra ADM = 1200 V DE l ng phn gic ca gc ADM nn EDM =BDM = 600 do D EDC = D BDC (c . g .c ) . Xt 2 tam gic BMC v EMC c BC = EC MCB = MCE = 50 , MC chung Do D BMC = D EMC 9c . g .c ) BMC = EMC = 1800 - DME = 1800 - DAE = 1800 - 550 = 1250 BI 6: Cho tam gic ABC cn trn cnh y BC ly m D sao cho CD = 2 BD. So 1 snh s o 2 gc BAD V CAD 2

LI GII : Gi M l trung im ca DC . Trn tia i ca tia MA ly im E sao cho ME = MA .Ta c AMC = EMD V c MD = MC , MA = ME AMC = EMD Nn DE = AC V 3 = Mt khc D1 > (tnh cht gc ngoi ca tam gic ) do A E B
B = C D1 > C AC > AD DE > DA A2 > E A2 > A3

A3 = A1 ( do ABD = ACM (c.g .c) A2 + A3 > A1 + A3 2A1 < A2 + A3 1 Suy ra BAD < DAC 2

5 BI 7: Cho tamgic ABC ly im D thuc na mf khng cha C b AB sao cho DA DB v AD = AB . Ly im E thuc na mf khng cha B b AC sao cho AE AC v AE = AC . So snh din tch 2 tam gic ADE v ABC. LI GII :

K hiu SABC l din tch tam gic ABC .Trn tia i ca tia AB ly B sao cho AB = AB,ta c ADB ' vung cn ,suy ra AD = AB v AD AB. Xt 2 tam gic DAE v BAC c AD = AB , AE = AC , DAE = B ' AC DAE = B ' AC S DAE = S ABC (1) .Mt khc 2 tam gic BAC v ABC c AB = AB , cng ng cao h t nh C do SBAC = SABC (2) T (1) v (2) suy ra SADE = SABC BI 8: Cho tam gic ABC c AB> AC .Trn cc cnh AB , AC ly cc im M,N sao cho AM = AN gi K l giao im ca BN v CN .Hy so snh di ca KB v KC . LI GII :

Trn on AB ly im I sao cho AI = AC khi AMC = ANI (c.g.c) NI = MC (1) v tam gic AIC cn ti A suy ra AIC < 90 0 ( Tia IN nm gia 2 tia IA,IC ) . v AIN + BIN = 180 0 BIN > 90 0 Trong tam gic BIN gc l gc t
AMC = ANI

suy ra BN > IN (2) . T (1)v (2) ta c BN > CM (3) . cng do nn

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AMC = ANI INM < KNM

V AMN = ANM KMN = INM ta li c

(do I nm gia Mv B ) do KMN < KNM KM > KN (4) BN KN .> CM KM BK > CK T (3) v (4) ta c BN+KM > CM+KN BI 9: Cho tam gic ABC c gc ACB = 450 v gc A t ..K tia BD ct tia i ca tia CA ti D sao cho gc CBD = gc ABC k AH vung gc vi BD ti H tnh s o gc CHD. LI GII :

Gi tia i ca tia AB l tia Ax .Xt tam gic ABH ta c : HAx = AHB + ABH = 90 0 + 2B1 . Xt tam gic ABC ta c :
A2 = C1 + B1 = 45 0 + B1 = 1 HAx 2

suy ra AC l tia phn gic ca gc

Hax. Kt hp vi gi thit BC l tia phn gic ca gc ABH suy ra HC l phn gic gc AHD Do gc AHD = 900 Nn suy ra gc CHD = 450. BI 10 Cho tam gic ABC vung cn y BC .Gi M,N l trung im ca AB , AC .K NH CM ti H k HE AB ti E . Chng minh tam gic ABH cn v HM l tia phn gic gc BHE LI GII :

a, T A k AK MC ti K v AQ HN ti Q .Hai tam gic vung MAK v NCH c MC = NC (=

1 A C AB ) , 1 = 1 (cng ph vi gc AMC ) 2 MAK = NCH AK = HC (1)

D thy BAK = ACH (c.g .c) BKA = AHC . 2 Tam gic vung AQN v CHN c AN = NC , ANQ = CNH ANQ = CNH AQ = CH (2) T (1) v (2) suy ra AK = AQ AH l tia phn gic ca gc KHQ AHQ = 45 0 AHC = 135 0 BKA = 135 0 T BKA + BKH + AKH = 360 0 BKH = 135 0 Tam gic AKH c KHA = 45 0 Nn n vung cn ti K suy ra KA = KH . Xt 2tam gic BKA v BKH c BK chung , BKA = BKH = 135 0 , KA = KH BKA = BKH (c.g .c) BA = BH hay tam gic ABH cn ti B . A H b, ta c 1 = 1 theo (1) m HE // CA H 2 = C1 (gc ng v) v A1 = C1 H 1 = H 2 hay HM l tia phn gic gc BHE BI 11: Cho tam gic ABC vi gc A khc 900 v gc B KHC 1350. Gi M l trung im ca BC.V pha ngoi tam gic ABC v tam gic ABD vung cn y AB .ng thng qua A vung gc vi AB ct CE ti P v ct DM ti Q chng minh rng Q l trungim ca BP. LI GII :