Nhm thc hin : Trn Vn Tn H Huy Cng

SIGMA
EPBX TRAINER MODEL EPBX100 (Experimental and circuit Description Manual)

GII THIU

My thc tp ny c thit k vi mt ci nhn tng quan v th nghi m th c t ca mt mch in tng i chuyn dng trn PCB n loi 24X 20 CC THNG S K THUT

1> Cc ng dy in thoi : 2 im ng dy, 4 ng ko di ( c th m rng c 8 ng) 2> Dng c o in thoi : 4 Nos 3> B phn CPU : B x l Z 80 .C bn l k thut iu khi n ch ng trnh b nh CMOS qua cc im chuyn mch 4> B nh : 64kb cho b nh chng trnh,32k cho b nh m d liu RAM 5> Cc on ng dy : S kh ghp quang cho tuy n ng chnh v 4 ng ko di 6> B pht m thanh : m quay s, m bo bn, m phn hi , nhc gi my . 7> ng dn ting : Khng kho hon ton 8> Tc quay s : 10+1 s xung trong 1 giy 9> Ngun vo : 230 VAC + 10% 50 Hz 10>Cc im th : 20 nos 11> Tiu chun thit b : 1. Mch m t v th nghim bng tay 2. Kt ni cc ng dy

CC TH NGHIM 1> Nghin cu mch ting 2> Nghin cu xung quay s v iu ch tn s m kp 3> Nghin cu my pht chung 2 m 4> Nghin cu chuyn mch c kh gia Tng i v Thu bao cho cc cuc gi n v cc cuc gi i

5> Nghin cu mch giao din gia ng dy thu bao v mch chuyn mch s 6> Nghin cu mch pht m

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GII THIU V H THNG EPBX Cc Tng i u cn cc thit b in thoi c kh nng iu ch nh c m lng cc cuc gi mt cch d dng. Cc i truyn thng c in hoc tng i c cp cc ng kim sot cc chng trnh c lu tr EPBX vi x l. N cung cp mt lot cc giao tip thoi, ph ng ti n chuy n i d liu. EPBX c th c kt ni vi mng LAN ti cc vn phng. M i thi t b in thoi cm tay kt ni vi EPBX l c hiu qu m t tn hi u tho i c cng sut ln/ d liu ca thit b u cui. Vic x l in thoi c th c tp trung trong vn phng vi tt c cc cuc gi n bng cch s dng mt s vi nhiu ng dy hoc n c th c tp trung trong vn phng vi tt c cc cuc gi n bng cch s dng mt s vi nhiu ng hoc n c th c phn cp nu cn. Cc tng i ln t bng nh vi mt s lng nh c a ng dy trung k cc bng ln vi mt s lng cc ng dy trung k nhiu hn. M rng ng ni b, vi s lng ln hoc nh c th c rt ra t nhng b vi x l iu khin thit b in t. Cc EPBX c th x l cc ng dy trung k ni ht, v cc ng trung k ko di, c bi t cc ng truyn nh ng dy thu bao v hng trm cc ng ko di. Cc EPBX cng c th hot ng nh mt h thng lin lc. H thng nh nht c th mt 1 DOT ng dy v 4 dy chuyn m rng. . Ln nht, mt khc, c th h tr 15 hoc nhiu dng vi 96 hoc nhiu phn m rng. EPBX s dng s ghp knh phn chia theo thi gian PCM khi nim chuy n mch trung tm c a h thng l mt mc ch chung-mini my tnh hoc b vi x l vi cc k thu t
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cnh tranh bnh thng dng mt chng trnh kim sot c lu tr. Cc tnh nng chnh l rng, lp trnh v xa hn mt n trn tng i c in hoc cc cp cng. Cc in thoi cm tay hot ng nh mt thit b u cui d liu c th l ng ko di ni ht hoc mt ng ko di t xa trn vi c quay s hoc gii phng ng dy lin kt hoc t mt i n tho i ko di trn ng dy DOT. m thanh c th c gi n my tnh trung tm ca EPBX hoc thng qua cc lin lc-tn hiu chung, m tn hiu ph n hi c th c nh dng dng tin nhn c ghi trc trong EPBX hoc m t tin nh n b ng ging ni tng hp son bi EPBX hoc h thng my tnh t cc vn bn c lu tr. Thu thp d liu, thi gian ghi m, chuyn ng, gim st v t hng, ti khon yu cu v tnh trng nh vy, l mt s v d m s d ng i n tho i cm tay nh mt thit b u cui d liu Cc EPBX c th hot ng nh mt b tp trung hoc m t trung tm chuyn mch tin nhn cho cc trm lm vic ca mt vn phng t ng. Trong vai tr cc trm lm vic trc y c th c lin kt vi c t nhn v m ng cng cng & dch v cng cng nh PSTN, telex, Teletext. Cc EPBX Kt n i vi mng LAN c l l mt dng ca cc vn phng trong tng lai vi EPBX to thnh trung tm ca vn phng in t. N s hot ng nh l trung tm truyn thng, Nhiu "ngun x l" nh x l vn bn, ti li u l u tr / khi phc, h thng h tr quyt nh s c sn thng qua cc kt ni n cc my trm EPBX Vn phng, bao gm c cc my tnh l n qua EPBX. N cng s cung cp mt cng thng minh trong trao i gia cc nh t nhn cho DOT quy nh cc mng bn ngoi. Cui cng, n l gi tr chi tiu mt t th i gian ph n nh v vai tr ca mng LAN & EPBX trong vn phng. Tn hiu thoi, d li u, vn bn, ha tt c cc hnh nh c th c truy n bng cch s dng c 2 cng ngh. Mi ci c cht lng ring ca n nhng c l mt vn phng s phi chn pha bn phi ca trang thit b m s cung cp cho cc gii php ti u i vi s linh hot, tnh sn c, tc hot ng, hiu qu v xem xt chi ph. Hu ht cc vn phng c gia tng my tnh trn bn lm vi c c a vn phng cng nhn. trao i thng tin v cho php h giao ti p, cc my tnh c ni mng vo mng LAN. Cc mng LAN c cc cng vo cc DOT mng cho php. truy cp vo cc cn c thng tin bn ngoi, my tnh ln hoc
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n mng LAN ca cc vn phng tng t trong geog- graphical ni ht. Nh vy, vi mt mng LAN mt cng ng nh ca ngi s dng chia s cc thng tin. iu ny ging nh mt EPBX ti mt vn phng ny cung cp giao tip gia cc nhn vin vn phng. Mi th c th c chn n u c s d ng cho thoi v d liu tng ng, hoc l khi s lng ng i s dng hoc kh i lng d liu tr nn rt ln giai on ny khc bit gia chuy n m ch tho i v d liu tng ng, hoc l khi s lng ngi s dng hoc kh i lng d liu tr nn rt ln.. giai on ny, s khc bit gia chuyn mch lu lng ca tn hiu thoi v chuyn mch lu lng ca d liu c v nh khng lin quan Mt gii php tt hn c l l m tch hp n / chuy n d li u, m s thc hin cng vic tt nh nhau. Tuy nhin sau s l mt trong nh ng i mt vi cc vn v tin cy ca cc thit b chuyn m ch duy nh t. . M i thng tin s nn dng trong trng hp tht bi hoc sai chc nng ca n. Hn na, c kh nng xy ra s ph thuc vo mt nh cung cp ca m tch hp / d liu EPBX cho cc nhu cu tng lai ca cc thit b v / hoc ci tin. Tnh hnh ny s c u tin p dng cho n lc nhng ting ni tch hp / d liu tiu chun thit b u cui tr nn ph bin. Cc thit b u cui tch h p ang thc s cn thit, nu khng cc my tnh v in thoi di ng i n tho i thng minh s c trang tr cc bng vn phng nh hai n v chim khng gian c gi tr KIN TRC EPBX : Hnh 1.1 cho thy mt s khi chi tit hn v mt EPBX. Cc m ch ng dy trung k cung cp truy cp c bn n v t mng cng cng v c th l tng t hoc kt ni k thut s. Mt loi tn hiu h th ng ang ho t ng khc nhau, t b lp c bn tn hiu ngt kt ni ti tn hiu knh chung truyn tn hiu trn mt 64kbit / s knh ca mt 2Mbit / s 30 m ch knh trung k.

Mch ng dy lin kt cung cp truy cp ti mt mng kt n i ring t i mt s EPBXs trc tip hoc gin tip thng qua trao i gia 2 t ng i. Cc tn hiu trn cc mch dao ng t c bn E & M thng qua cc tn hi u knh chung truyn tn hiu thng thng, vi tnh nng phong ph EPBX chc nng chuyn qua cc knh truyn tn hiu trong khi gi thit l p v trong giai on hi thoi ca cuc gi. c bit ring mch ng dy tng t c s dng cho cc thit b u cui a chc nng. c bit ring mch ng dy tng t c s d ng cho cc thit b u cui a chc nng. Ma trn chuyn mch c th l CMOS chuyn mch tng t cho cc h thng nh hn v chuyn i k thut s l chi ph hiu qu nht trn gn nh tt c cc thit k khc. H thng iu khin cung cp tt c cc phn mm hot ng / chc nng iu khi n k t ni cc chc nng khc nhau. H THNG EPBX: Cc EPBX c t trong mt hp kim loi .. Hai mch i n t t c l CPU & Extension Card ca EPBX nm bn trong cc hp. S kh i ch c nng c a cc yu t chnh ca mt EPBX c hin th trong Hnh 1.2 Kt ni cc ng ko di t PCB n PCB cung cp kt ni gia cc module v cc thnh phn khc (v d nh chuyn mch, bin p v n LED Power Cord. FRC v 40 pin ni vi 40-sp xp li cp c th c thc hin cho cc ng dy ni mng. im nh vy c xut x t mi phn h / khi c ch thch thch hp trong hnh 2 Hu t ging ht cng c s dng trong s th ca mi m-un cng nh PCB kch hot trc khi nhn dng

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NGHIN CU L THUYT CA H THNG EPBX B CHUYN MCH Ton b khi nim ca vic quay s hoc chuyn mch t ng l vn c bn ca in thoi truyn thng ngy nay.khi m mt trong s mt triu in thoi ngi s dng nhc my. Thit b chuyn mch nh v lu l ng tng khi trong EPBX nh v v nhn dng ng dy gi Cho tn hiu vo x l(m quay s) Cch xc nh v ni ct gi khi truy nhp ti n nh v v kim tra cc ng pht dn ti n Chn v kt ni ln hu ht cc b phn tng thch ca cc ng dn Sau , nu trong lc ko s dng, chung in thoi c gi l H mch logic dng iu khin chung. S a ch a ra bng cch quay s ca thit b l b nh, chuyn i, v linh hot s dng cho chuy n mch bn trong h thng hoc cho vic thit lp mt kt ni vi mng bn ngoi. Thit b chuyn mch lu tr cc s nhp vo sau mi bt u hot ng cc bc tip theo Thit b iu khin chung lm cho n c th chp nhn cc k hoch nh s mt cch linh hot p ng cc yu cu v trong hp h th ng lin m ng , p ng nhiu ng dng ca tng c nhn s dng H THNG CHUYN MCH IN T H thng chuyn mch in t a ra tim nng ln nht cho 2 tn hiu thoi v d liu truyn thng, cng vi dung lng cho h u h t dy xung c a c im dch v bn trong. 1 ESS bao gm: 1 my tnh B nh hoc kho lu tr
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 Dung lng chng trnh B phn chuyn mch cc cao

POWER SUPPLY(ngun cung cp) Thit b c bn ca giao din ng dy trong mng EPBX thng thng.L c quy , mch bo v qu p, chung, gim st, m, b khp h n h p, kim tra. No by gi nghin cu cc chc nng ca ng dy thng th ng hoc giao din thu bao trong ni dung chi tit sau: 1. Battery feed : c quy phi cung cp cho mch lp ring 1> Ngun (24 VDC ) cho in thoi ng dy thu bao 2> Kh nng cho php tn hiu vo v t my in thoi 3> in tr DC thp 4> Tr khng AC cao 2. Mch bo v qu p: Mch bo v qu p bo v thit b v ngi t in p nguy hi m do st dng ln ti 1000 vol v in p gy ra t , hoc ngn mch bo v ngun in ng dy.Chp nhn t l ngun cao hn bnh thng 3. Chung : B pht chung trong tng i EPBX phi cung cp tn hi u chung t i ng dy thu bao. in thoi cp tn hiu bo hiu ti in thoi b gi rng 1 cuc gi ch; v th , Tng i phi cp tn hiu chung ti ng dy thu bao sau khi chuyn mch c kt ni thnh cng . y l vi c lm bnh thng bng 1 cun dy sai ng m c kch thch bng vic s dng mch bn dn. Tn hiu chung c in p 135Volt 20Hz 4. Mch gim st

Phc v gim st khi c yu cu(khi my gi ch off - hook ), u vo quay s,v gim st cuc gi trong tin (khi chung l tr l i, ho c khi gc my), l d thnh cng hoc s vng mt ca dng i n ch y trong m ch lp. Thit b ny l mt cm bin m c th phn bit nh n dng mt cch chnh sc, khng phn bit di ng dy, gia off-hook dng nh l m t k t qu ca nhiu, s d r hoc 1 dng in ch nh cho b nh trong mch i n t (in thoi) 5. Mch nhn tn hiu DTMF: DTMF trong mch in thoi t to ra cc m quay s DTMF v cho thy rng cc my pht DTMF l tng i d dng thit k v hiu c. Mt vn ko tt l, vic tip nhn v gii m ca cc tng ti EPBX khng phi l d dng v iu ny c xu hng lm cho my nhn DTMF tn km. Tuy nhin, y khng phi l mt hn ch nghim trng n vic s dng cc DTMF, v mi m DTMF c s dng truyn d liu tc thp cho cc thit b truyn d liu, do vy, DTMF nhn c yu cu cho cc ng dng ny ngoi vic quay s Nh m DTMF c s dng nhiu hn v nhiu hn cho truyn d liu, nhu cu thu DTMF s tng. vi khi lng sn xut tng, chi ph ca h ph i gim Hnh 1-3 ln na cho thy tn s DTMF to ra my i n tho i. Cc t n s trong mi hng ngang (nhm tn s thp) & tn s trong mi ct dc (nhm tn s cao) c chia ra bng cch ly cc khong xp x 10%. T n s th p v cao, cc nhm Tn s c tch ra bng khong 25%. Nhng tn s c th c la chn vi rt nhiu quan tm p ng mt s tiu ch, nh ng mt trong nhng yu cu quan trng hn l phi c s tin ti thiu ca s tng tc hi ha MT B NHN DTMF PHI LM NH SAU: 1. Pht hin cp tn hiu m cho ng nu t n s n m trong ph m vi +/-2 % gi tr danh nh v t chi tn hiu nu tn s nm ngoi gii hn ca +/-3%

2. Hy chc chn rng mt v ch mt m tip din t mi nhm, v m th i gian ca m ti thiu 40 mili giy (ms) 3. Pht hin nh hai tn hiu ring bit no tch cp m thch h p l 35 ms ho c cao hn. Pht hin mt cp m tn hiu, khng phi l hai tn hiu ring bit. 4. Pht hin ng cch cc m c mc c th khc nhau trong mt phm vi 27,5 dB di ng. Nu hai tn s c bn ca cp DTMF c mt s khc bi t trong bin n c gi l vng xon. Mch DTMF phi pht hin cc c p giai iu vi ln n 6 dB ca vng xon. 5. Pht hin ng cch cc tn hiu DTMF trong s hin din ca ting ni v nhiu CHUYN MCH IN T QUA CC IM: Cc chuyn mch im cho l c cung cp bi cng tc i n bng cng tc ngang v bng b rle chuyn mch cng t. b rle c ng t vn cn ang c s dng bi mt s cng ty in thoi trong cc thi t b m i ca h , tuy nhin, hu ht cc nh sn xut thng qua mt s hnh th c chuy n m ch in t thc s Yu t chuyn chuyn mch c bn l mt thit b bn dn PNPN. Mi thit b PNPN tng ng vi hai bng bn dn, mt v mt PNP, NPN, kt n i. Thi t b ny c c im nh sau: Nu in p mt l p dng cho cc thi t b - C c dng cho anode v cc m ti cathode - thit b duy tr mt tr khng cao v hot ng nh mt iot c nh thin ngc . N duy tr trong tnh tr ng ny cho n khi in p cung cp gia anode v cathode l c tng qu ho c cho n khi mt dng in ko t anode ti ca cc . khi mt dng chy hin t anode n ca cc, in tr ca thit b gia anode v cathode tr nn r t th p v thit b dn ging nh mt it c nh thin thun By gi, ngay c dng ti t anode n ca cc c tt, thit b PNPN duy tr in tr thp cho n khi in th t anode n cathode l gi m n mc ti thiu hin hnh, c gi l dng gi , khng th c duy tr thng qua thit b. Khi dng in qua cc thit b gim xung di gi tr hin ang gi, cc thit b thay i tr li tr khng cao ca n

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Ngy nay cc thit b c sn xut trong mch tch hp. 16 pins cho im c ch to trong mt ct & ma trn lin tip. N c s dng nh l mt tr khng thp kt ni gia dng v ct dn b ng cch v m t dng ra cc ca cc dn trong khi duy tr dng gi t anode n cathode Kt ni mch c hon thnh trong hai na. Ban u tt c cc i m trong ng dn ang mt in p cao v tt c cc ngun dng i n c a IH v N ang tt. Cc biu tng cho cc ngun dngc ngha l h cung cp mt dng in lin tc ca gi tr ih hoc chnh n. Ih l dng i n gi v n trn cc gi tr ti thiu gi cc thit b trong mt tnh trng tr khng th p. y l dng in m chy qua ng dy thu bao. Cc kt ni ng dn c gii phng bi turn-ing off ra khi trung tm - trnh iu khin trn cng, v hi u ha cc ngun dng in, v tr li cho mt ng dy in p cao H THNG CHUYN MCH 1. iu khin chng trnh c sn : 1.1. B x l : Cc chc nng ca mt switch EPBX, c m t trn, c n i u khi n x l gii thch cc kt ni bt buc trong quy nh ca tn hiu nh n c v ni dung lu tr kt ni c duy tr. Mt li th ca trung tm iu khin bng vic vi x l, l thay i s c th c thc hin bng cch thay i mt vi b vi x l thay v dng nhi u thanh ghi Li th ny c tng thm nu cc b vi x l da trn ch ng trnh `ph n mm '. Phng php ny hot ng c gi l chng trnh kim sot c lu tr (SPC) v EPBX c hin th hnh 1.1 c mt phn ln ng dn logic ca n cha trong chng trnh c lu tr. C th, trong gii hn chuyn i sang phn mm x l gn nh tt c cc chc nng hp l ca tng i, bao gm tn hiu Nhng li th m vi s a dng ca cc phn cng c th c gim thiu, do d dng sn xut v cc vn dng ng hng, v rng nh ng thay i thit b c th d dng thc hin.. Nhc im l pht tri n ph n m m c th c vt phc tp v cc vn thi gian thc c th xy ra. 1.2 MA TRN CHUYN MCH
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y l mt phn ca h thng ny kt ni ti mt thi t b ngo i vi khc. Trong tng bc pht trin cng ngh, ma trn chuy n m ch bao g m mt lo t cc ng dy d, b chn v b kt cui, trong , di s iu khi n ca cc xung quay s cuc gi thc hin, chuyn cuc gi n ch cui cng ca n. Vt cht chuyn ng mt trong nhng cp dy in c kt ni vi m t trong mt s cp khc ca dy ty thuc vo ch ca cuc gi, S l ng cc yu t (v d: chn nhm) trong ma trn c xc nh bi s ngoi l ca cc cuc gi ng thi (lu lng) thng qua mt phn ca ma trn. Cao h n mc lu lng truy cp ngoi l s gy ra cc cuc gi s b kha v do khng t c im n cui cng ca h. K t khi cuc gi c chuy n qua mt bc trong ma trn bng cch bc di s iu khin ca cc xung quay s, khng c c hi th cc tuyn thay th thng qua ma trn. Cng ngh chuyn mch thanh ngang s dng cc rle kt ni gia cc ng dy trong mt ma trn vt cht. Thay v tr li s c nhn, t t c cc ch s yu cu s c gi cho h thng iu khin, m sau s tm th y mt tuyn ng c th thng qua chuyn mch ma trn. Trong khi tnh ton s yu cu ca cc thnh phn ma trn vn yu cu, phng php ny hot ng c hiu qu hn k t khi tt c cc ng dn c th thng qua ma trn c th c th. Cc li th ln khc ca phng php ny l thng tin c th c nh tuyn khc nhau nhn bit c thng tin quay s. iu ny lm cho n d dng hn t c cc mc tiu ca mt s i n tho i b t k ni m my pht cuc gi Silicon iu khin chnh lu (thyristor) cng ngh n gin thay th cc ma trn thanh ngang vi mt ma trn in t tng ng . Tuy nhin, hiu qu chi ph ca cng ngh ny cho php khng b chn ma trn c sn xu t, do c ct gim, hoc thm ch b loi tr, s cn thit cho-k thut ma trn . Tt c cc chuyn i trn ma trn c gi l h thng tng t. l, mt khi ting ni ca con ngi c chuyn thnh mt dng sng in tng t , n vn c gi nguyn Cho n khi hnh thc chuy n i tr l i m thanh trong b phn tip nhn ca in thoi

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Cc cng ngh chnh tip theo c thay i bi cc h th ng k thu t s. Trong mt h thng k thut s, dng sng in tng t c ly mu, v cc mu chuyn i thnh mt m s. Vo cui xa ca cu c gi, m s ny c chuyn tr li vo mt mu tng t. Cc lot cc mu ny sau c lc chuyn i tr li l mt dng sng tng t. Ph bi n nh t s l c m ha c gi l Pulse Code Modulation (PCM). Trong PCM, cc d ng sng tng t c ly 8.000 mu trn mt giy, v mi mu m c chuyn thnh s mt m s 8 bit. Bng thng ca PCM l 64.000 bit /giy (64k bit / s). H thng k thut s s dng k thut ghp knh phn chia theo thi gian Division Multiplex (TDM) m ha s xen k cc cuc gi in thoi vo

mt ng knh chung. Vic qun l ng cao tc ny (hay ng tc cao) c hiu lc to ra mt ma trn chuyn mch IU CH XUNG M PCM l ph thuc vo ba hot ng ring bit, ly mu, lng t & m ha. Mt knh ting ca tele cht lng c th c l thuyt ly mu tn s th t ca 66KHz l cn thit truyn t mt knh thoi chim khong 300Hz 3.4KHz. Thc t, chng ti s dng mt t l ly mu ca 8kHz & n u gi tr 7 s cho mi mu c s dng, knh thoi s tr thnh i din bi mt dng xung vi t l lp li ca 64KHz. S gin n m mt v d n gin ca chng ti. cho chng ta th y r ng cc tn hiu ting ca tn hiu ti a. Tn s 3.4KHz c i di n b i m t tn hiu tn s 64KHz ch 4 ch s cho mi gi tr mu c s dng, cht lng ca truyn dn s gim t l & s trng lp ca xung s c gim n 32KHz. V vy, cht lng truyn ti ph thuc vo tc lp li xung & cho s truyn k thut s. h thng hai xung iu bin c th c trao i mt cch hiu qu nht. Nu chng ta xem xt truyn nh phn, cc thng tin y v m t thng bo c th s lun lun thu c bng cch n gin l pht hi n s hi n di n hoc vng mt ca cc mch. N khng b nh hng bi ti ng n & s mong
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manh khng c gii thiu bng con ng truyn. C mt bc ti n c h u. cho cc mi trng n o khc phc bng cch chn truyn dn k thut s

CHNG - 3 S KHI V NGUYN L HOT NG 1. KHI NGUN CUNG CP V c bn th gm c 2 h thng , chng l cc ngun +26V v +12V +26V cho cc h thng [ +26V , + 26V BUP , +18V , u ra VGA (+9V) ] +12V cho cc h thng [+12V , + 15V , u ra +5V BUP] +26 V: Cung cp dng m thoi ti cc in thoi ko di(T/R). v cng c p cho mch khuch i COL(chuyn mch tng t v khuch i OP) +26 V BUP: Ngun cp ca cc ngun r le bo hng(RLY10A, RLY10B, RLY10C) +26V ny c a ti bo v chng li gii phng cuc gi thng qua mch COL v ng ko di t ngun bo hng tc thi( khong di h n 1 giy) +18V: Ngun cp cho cc chn chuyn mch v khuch i mch ting +15V Ngun cp cho cc in thoi c nhn EMSS (EXT 13- 18 H/L line) +12V Ngun cp cho cc in thoi c nhn EMSS (EXT 11,12 H/L line). Ngun cp ca rle chuyn mch tn hiu chung(RLY 301A - 30 H) +5V Ngun cp ca khi mch iu khin v IC logic

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+5V BUP Ngun cp ca mch C- CMOS RAM IC (IC103) v IC ng h (IC109) . D phng trong thi gian di bng bin NI - Cad (2.4V) VGA(+9V) Mt tng t cho mch ting v c s dng nh nn tng ca mc m thanh trong cc mch ting V th , khi mc m thanh l b gim st th khi mt tn hiu tng t s c s dng 2. MCH GIAO DIN COL: y l cc mch giao din gia cc ng dy CO(COL1-COL3) v cc khi ni cc im chuyn mch, v chng bao gm cc b phn sau: A. Mch pht hin tn hiu chung B. S hnh thnh mch lp DC C. Mch pht hin CPC(LCS) D. Pht xung quay s E. Gi vo lc pht nhc F. B s suy gim cuc gi(2 dy ti 4 dy pht) thng qua mch khu ch i 2 chiu 3. MCH NI CC IM CHUYN MCH: y l h thng chuyn mch khng gian cho cc kt ni nh sau .8 mch ng ko di vi 3 knh ng ko di col, my pht DTMF , mch nhn tin v tuyn, m ,... Nu c cu thnh ca 6 C- CMOS trong 1 ma trn 48 4.MCH LIN LC NI B

y l mch giao din vi cc in thoi c nhn EMSS hoc ng dy in thoi n, v n gm c 8 mch giao din (ICM1-8) v ngun bo h ng thng qua mch chuyn mch cuc gi Mch giao din ni b c cu thnh ca cc ng dy truyn thng tin (T/R)trong cc ng tng t nh l cho EMSS v ca ngun d li u

15

ng dy(H/L)cho truyn d liu vi in thoi c nhn EMSS v cho ngu n cung cp 5. MCH TRUYN D LIU iu ny bao gm mt mng cng (IC136) iu khin truy n d li u, pht hin cc ng ko di on-hook, off-hook v iu khin cc rle chuy n mchtn hiu chung (RLY30A-30H), v iu khin d liu gia tng i v cc ng ko di 6. MCH IU KHIN Cc mch iu khin thc thi cc tn hiu iu khin cho tng i x l v tn hiu vo/tn hiu ra ca I / O, v h c thit lp nh sau y (A) 8 bit CPU (IC100), (B) 64 K byte ROM (IC101), (C) 8 K byte C-MOS RAM (IC103), (D) Mng cng (IC113), (E) Gii m (IC104), (F) Xung ng h (IC109). 7. MCH KHUCH I TING: Nhng mch c cu to ca ( IC903)my pht m, (B) mch lc thng thp (350Hz/440Hz m -1), (C) b lc thng thp (620Hz m 2), (D) khu ch i , v gi bn ngoi v m nhc AGC khuch i cho jack m nhc bn ngoi. 8. MCH PHT DTMF: y l b pht tn hiu DTMF bng phng tin ca d liu iu khin t CPU (IC100), v gi n ti COL. 9. MCH NHN TN HIU DTMF: Phn ny, trong bao gm hai IC thu DTMF, Gii iu ch tn hi u quay s DTMF t ng dy n in thoi . y, tn hiu quay s DTMF nh n c thng qua chuyn mch im cho, v l u ra ti CPU (IC100) nh mt 4-bit m ha d liu 10. MCH PHT TN HIU CHUNG: B phn ny to ra nhng tn hiu chung cho in thoi mt ng dy. Mt sng vung 20Hz c to ra bi CPU (IC100), v gi n mt b lc thng
16

thp / mch khuch i tn hiu chung v in p c a bi n p chung (T2), v sau qua cc rle chuyn mch tn hiu chung (RLY301A-30H) ti in thoi mt ng dy CHNG - 4 NGHIN CU MCH CP NGUN 1.1 MCH S CP in p 120V AC u vo i qua mt b lc ting nhiu gm C601, C602, ZNR600, C604, L600 v C605, v n c cu t o pha bn pha s c p c a bin p in (T1). 1.2 MCH N P IN P MT CHIU Cc in p AC l cch in v h xung do T1 bin p ngun, l ch nh lu bi D1 & D2, chnh lu in p ca D1 l thay i in p 26 V DC ca mch in p hng s bao gm C6, C8, C9, Q1, Q2, D6 v R1 n R5. 18 V DC l thu c t in p 26 V DC bng vic s dng mt vi mch iu (IC1) & C11. Vic pht hin mch in cho h thng bao gm 26 V Q4 v D7, R6 R9, v cc bin tn (IC6) Cc bin tn (IC6) thng c in p u ra thp ti thi im khi cung cp ngung l ON nh D7 & Q4 l ON, nhng khi in p xung n 20V hoc th p hn do mt in, D7 & OFF bt Q4, v th u ra ca bin t n ny tr thnh mc cao, v CPU (IC100) thng bo v vic mt in. D17 & C5 duy tr hi u in th tm thi d phng ca 26 V BUP ti 26 V. Vic p sa ch a bi D2 c thay i thnh 12 V DC ca mch in p hng bao gm C7, IC3, D11 C13 & C16. Hai in p 5V in p DC thu c t ny DC 12V ca mch in p hng bao gm Q3, R13, C14, C15, D13, D14, D15, C17, v C3. The +5 V BUP in p DC thu c t D15 & C3 l cho cc vi mch ng h , & DC 5V thu c t D14 v C17 l dnh cho cc mch iu khin. Vi c pht hi n m ch in cho h thng 12V bao gm D12, R15 r17, R10, Q5 & IC6. Cc Bi n t n (IC6) c u ra cao khi D12 v Q5 l OFF b t. i u ny c th c hi n khi u ra ca IC3 ri vo 10V do thng bo cho CPU (IC100) ca mt in. IC7 v IC8 l mch quy nh i vi 15V cung cp cho cc in thoi n EMSS t iu b iu chnh 15V. u ra 15V ca IC8 c chuyn n EXT6, 7, 8 v
17

u ra ca 12V ca IC7 chuyn n EXT3, 4,5 v u ra ca 12V t IC3 c chuyn n EXT1, 2 1.3 MCH IU KHIN V MCH GIM ST BO MT NGUN Hystresis c s dng phn bit i x gia cc in p mt ngun cung cp mt in, mt in c pht hin ti khong 80V, trong khi cung cp nng lng c pht hin ti 90V, v nh kim sot cc ngun cung cp in mt in hot ng d phng (KX-A16) c tin hnh, cc cung cp in d phng bt ON ti thi im mt in v OFF khi in bnh thng c cung cp. Mch Hystresis thc hin ph chun vi D9 v D10, in p u vo cp c iu chnh vi R20, R19, C18 v D18, v

Hystresis cho in p ti lc ngun m v ngun tt c th c hi n b i R18, R21 v bin tn cc IC6. ng thi l khi phc ngun cp, pin 4 / IC6 l m c thp, nhng khi mt in xy ra, pin 4 / IC6 tr nn m c cao, v Q6 m ON, v ln lt RLY1 m hot ng. 24V DC v 21V DC c cung cp nh l kh i cung cp in d phng (KX-A16).

Cc bi th nghim (MODEL - EPBX 100)

I .Th nghim 1 NGHIN CU MCH TING H thng in thoi nh hin nay ang c tho lun a ra cc ph ng n thay i v ci tin nh cc thit b, thng th cc dng ca cc m ch tch h p, thay th cc thit b c kh v cc thit b in t thng th ng. Cc thi t b ny hu ht c nhiu b phn cn thit trn chip vi cc kt ni cho cc b ph n mch ngoi nh : in tr v t in, m s dng ti chng trnh chip. Tm

18

quan trng ca n trn cc mch l cung cp 2 ng ting trong cc my in thoi S khi n gin ca mch ting thch ng cho vic ci t nh mt mch tch hp c hin th trong cc trm pht, thu, v cc m ch m ph (i n thoi), tt nh mt b iu chnh giao din lp mt chiu, v mch iu ch nh m sc. N c kt ni ti ng dy in thoi bng mt cu ch nh lu thng thng. Cu l ng lc ng lng ti 1 tr khng nh trong dy ng tn hiu, 1 tr khng cao song song vi n. Cc b ph n ko di c s dng ti b iu chnh pht , nhn v khuch i m ph v cc b p ng tn s Giao din ng dy mt chiu iu khin ng c tnh i n p v dng in ca tng th mng ting ph thuc vo trn gi tr ca dng l p trong mch giao din ng dy thu bao. A > Procedure : Cch Tin Hnh 1. Nhc in thoi ko di 30 ln v quay s 31 khi bn c th nghe ting chung in thoi ko di my 31 2. Nhc in thoi ko di 31 khi bn thit lp gia 2 in thoi ko di thnh cng nh th l ng ting c thit lp 3. Quan st dng sng trn CRO TP14 cho in thoi ko di 30 v im TP15 cho in thoi 31.Bn c th quan st dng tn hiu chung im TP15 trong lc chung v sau khi nhc my bn c th quan st tn hiu m thoi (tn s m thoi) ti im kim tra 4. Cch tin hnh nh trn chng ta c th thit lp c ng dn ting gia Tng i v cc in thoi ko di

B > S khi

19

S khi ca th nghim s 1v SPEECH CKT

CO 1&2

Cc ng ko di

B cch ly

Khi ma trn

B cch ly

Cc ng ko di

DLTN,TNDLR,MUSIC

tn hiu my pht

II . Th nghim 2 : Nghin cu v iu ch tn s kp v xung quay s 1. Cp tn s a tn (DTMF): Hu ht cc b iu bin in thoi thit lp s dng theo phng php mi nht ca m ting gi s in thoi.n c th s dng c khi tng i x l cc b phn m thanh.Thay cho vic phi quay s,cc in thoi c ch to cc phm bm vi 12 s t s 0 n 9 v cc k t c bit 0 v # . n mt trong cc phm bt k ca mch in t trn bn phm pht ra 2 tn hiu m thanh ra m t cc s 2. Mch giao din s dng quay s DTMF Quay s cng c th c thc hin bng cch gi m kp vo ng dy.trong gm mt tn s thp v tn s cao dng sng dao ng hnh sin

20

cp cho mng ng ting,my pht mch tch hp DTMF c mot b m v b gii m m xung t b dao ng thch anh v cung cp m u ra m tng ng vi tn s thp v tn s cao ton b 2 u ra t b m cp vo mch bin i D/A ring.Mch bin i D/A ni cch khc l s chuyn tin hiu m ho s t u ra ca b m thnh mt m ca dng sng hnh sin Cc tn s thp v tn s cao c cng li trong b khch i v c cp ti v chuyn thnh ting ni bng cch kt hp tn hiu t cc khu u ra 3. Xung quay s : Nhng in thoi m s dng xung quay s c mt a quay s.m ng m mch lp ni b theo thi gian.S ca kt qu xung quay t mi mt ln quay l c xc nh v trong bao lu th quay li trc khi gii phng n .Mc d mt phng tin mng l dng tng thch vi xung quay s cua cc in thoi 4. xung chn s: Chuyn mch xung trn mt quay chn s ca in thoi thng thng cthit lp hang lot vi nhng cun cm ng v ngt theo chu k hin thi nh la s ca mi ln bng nhau ti s quay, mt ln cho s mt v 5 ln cho s 5 vv . 10 xung m ho s th 2 . y l s chn la ngt mch vng quay s. Xung quay s bng mch in t thay th hon ton . quay s bng c kh ch lm tng t nh chc nng ngt theo chu k 10 xung m ho s th 2

A> Procedure: cch tin hnh 1> Cm in thoi cm tay t 1 in thoi ko di bt k v quay s ca in thoi khc

21

2> Trong lc ang quay s bn c th quan st c tn s ca s m

bn ang quay TP 9 l m nhn c trong b a tn m kp.IC 8870 c s dng nh l mt mch tch hp DTMF nhn c 3> Trong lc quay s xung bn c gi chuyn mch 1 (DIP) nh hin th trn hnh. Thit b ca bn phi c v tr quay s 4> Trong lc quay s ti ng dy trung k ngha l thit lp cuc gi i bn c th nghe c tn hiu thoi ca b chuyn tip hay s o mch ca cc r le (o mch c kh in t) 5> Quan st cc xung quay s, ng dn COI hoc COII t bt c loi no. ri quay s gi i. Bn c th quan st s xung ti cc im TP30 v TP31 ca COI v COII tng ng.

Extension

matrix

DTMF section

CPU

III . Th nghim 3 : my pht m thanh kp CHUNG IN T : Mch pht chung cn c cung cp t ng dy pha trc ca mc chuyn mch m mch c th c cp in bng tn hiu chung thng qua in thoi khi nhc my(m mc chuyn mch) Nu c s nhy tip xc v mch trong in thoi cm tay l c m ng, xung in p cao tng i c gi l qu (chuy n tip) s c pht sinh. Xung quay s cng iu ch in p cao tc thi S chung l cch gi khc l tn hiu m mt cuc gi l s than van.. RINGING: Tng i cn phi cung cp tn hiu chung ti thu bao in thoi bo hiu cho in thoi c gi rng mt cuc gi ang ch, bi vy m vn phng trung tm cn ghp tn hiu chung ti ng dy sau khi chuy n mch
22

hon thnh vic kt ni , y l cch lm thng thng bng mt chuy n ti p c cp in p bng chuyn mch. Tn hiu chung dng loi i n p 90v 20Hz A> Procedure: cch tin hnh 1> Nhc in thoi ca in thoi ko di 30 v quay s 31 2> Chng ta c th quan st tin hiu chung nh hin th trn hnh nh im TP15 3> Chng ta c th quan st ng thi tt c cc tn hiu chung im o TP14, TP16 & TP17. B bin th dng khuch i tn hiu in p chung m mch ting yu cu 4> Tn hiu chung phn hi cng c th quan st im th tng t 5> 2 loi chung c th nghe c t thit b in thoi c kt ni vi h thng. Khi thit b ca bn c gi bng thit b khc chung s l mt m ko di. vi mt giy m mt giy v 6> 2 giy tt theo chu trnh. Chung t tng i chc nng. ng dy s chung nh mt in thoi bnh thng.

S khi ca th nghim s 3

Xung ng h I/P

B phn chung

B tng p

in p chung

23

V. Th nghim 4: B phn chuyn mch gia tng i v thu bao cho cuc gi n v cuc gi i Tt c cc h thng ln c chia thnh cc mdun hoc cc phn h thit k c n gin, s dng v bo dng. im ni m mi phn h kt ni vi thit b khc l mt giao din. Thng s ca mt giao din hon ch nh nh ngha tt c c kh, in,v quy tc lm vic cho tn hiu vo v tn hi u ra ; l tng , n cho php kt ni vi nhau m ko cn bi t s hot ng bn trong c a phn h. Mt s ln ca giao din hin hnh mng in thoi n gin bi v n phc tp v rc ri. V hn na giao din l nhu cu tip hp gia ci c v ci mi v gia nhiu loi thi t b khc nhau m c th thc hin cc chc nng nh nhau Tng i in thoi l ni m cc cuc gi ca tt c in thoi c x l v u tin l chuyn mch. Nu cuc gi l mt thu bao khc trong 1 t ng i tng t th cuc gi c chuyn mch ti mt ng dy thu bao kia.Nu n gi cho mt in thoi trong 1 vng my ch tng t bng mt tng i khc , th cuc gi phi chuyn mch ti mt kt ni trung k , 2 t ng i i n thoi. Lp cc b l thng nht c gi ng dy thu bao hoc giao di n ng dy v dy trung k ti tng i chuyn mch khc c gi l giao di n ng dy trung k 9 hay giao din tng i)

Procedure: cch tin hnh 1> Cuc gi n lun lun phi qua tng i. N c th chung trn tt c cc in thoi ko di 2> Chng ta c th quan st thy LED sng trong thi gian c cuc gi n. Chng ta c th thy in p TTL im th TP7 & TP8 cho COI & CO II tng ng 3> Chng ta c th thit lp cuc gi ny bng cch n 8 trn in thoi ko di. Dng tn hiu c m t nh trn s khi

24

4> i vi cuc gi i chng ta c th kt ni ti tng i bng cch n

phm 0 hoc chng ta c th chn COI bng cch quay s 27 & CO II bng 28 qua bt k in thoi ko di no v quay s ca bn khi bn nghe m bo quay s ca tng i

A> S khi ca cuc gi n

ng d y thu bao

Rle chuyn mch c in

Mch cht

X l trung t m

Ma trn

Cc ng ko di

B> S khi cuc gi n

Cc ng ko di

Ma trn

X l trung t m

Mch cht

C cu chuy n mch

Thu bao

V. Th nghim 5 Mch giao din gia ng dy thu bao v chuyn mch s Mch lp ni b kt ni thu bao in thoi vi tng i v qua t ng i ti mng in thoi trn ton th gii. Tng i in thoi l ni m cc cuc gi ca tt c i n tho i c x l v u tin l chuyn mch. Nu cuc gi l mt thu bao khc trong 1 t ng i tng t th cuc gi c chuyn mch ti mt ng dy thu bao kia N thc hin chc nng chuyn mch , Tng i c 2 giao din quan trng: Mch lp ni b c gi chung l ng dy thu bao hoc mch giao din

25

ng dy; ng dy trung k ti tng i chuyn mch khc c gi l giao din trung k ng dy thng thng hoc mch giao din thu bao gm cc chc nng : Ngun cp : 1. Ngun cp (loi 48vdc) ti my in thoi ca thu bao 2. Dung lng tn hiu cp pht v t my in thoi 3. in tr DC thp 4. Tr khng AC cao CHUNG: Tng i cn phi cung cp tn hiu chung ti thu bao i n thoi bo hi u cho in thoi c gi rng mt cuc gi ang ch, bi vy m vn phng trung tm cn ghp tn hiu chung ti ng dy sau khi chuy n m ch hon thnh vic kt ni , y l cch lm thng thng bng mt chuy n tip c cp in p bng chuyn mch. Tn hiu chung dng loi in p 90v 20Hz Mt giao din ng dy thu bao s dng cc chuy n tip cho c m bi n v logic. Trong iu kin hook m, khng c chuyn tip ng dy no hoc tt chuyn tip l khi ng v c quy chuyn ti p ng dy cung c p t i ng dy. Khng c ng dn no bi v mc chuyn mch lin l c l m . Khi nhc handset ca thu bao ln dng in s c cp t c quy ng dy qua ng hook chuyn mch lin lc v ng chuyn ti p ng dy c cp Procedure : 1> kt ni ng dy thu bao (DOT) im COI Hoc COII 2> Quay s 0 ti cng vo COI hoc s 27 v quay s 0 ho c s 28 t i COII 3> ng dy thu bao ny v cc ng dy ko di khc kt ni ti thi t b chuyn mch c kh. Cng vo ca COI v COII c bo hi u b ng cc LED v tng vi cc tn hiu cc cng c th c quan st im TP30 cho COI v TP31 cho COII 4> Bt tn hiu chung ca mch s c th quan st c im TP22 ti TP25 cho cc ng ko di tng ng t 1 n 4 (Ngha l khi tn hiu

26

chung ca ng ko di 1 bt th ta c th quan st c d ng tn hi u im TP22) 5> ng i ca tn hiu c biu din nh trn s khi

S khi :

COI

Chuyn mch c in

B cch ly

Ma trn

COII

Cc ng ko di

CPU

ng dy thu bao

Mch s Giao din CKT

VI. Th nghim 6: Mch pht m thanh Procedure and Obsbrvation : 1> m quay s ca tng i : nhc my cm tay ca ng ko di s 30 v nghe m quay s l mt m ko di m sau 8 giy trong thi gian tng i i quay s v tn hiu ny c biu din nh trong hnh v c th quan

27

st im TP18.Nu ko quay s gi nguyn ti ch th trong giai on ny tng i EXABX s thot khi ngi s dng v bt u bo bn 2> m quay s P & T: Trn cng vo mt ng truyn trc tip bng cch quay s 0 ,bn s thu c m quay s P & T mt cch bnh thng(ng dy DOT phi c kt ni vi COI v COII). Tn hiu ny c th quan st im TP19 3> m bo bn : Nhc my cm tay ca ng ko di 31 v gi n sang mt bn sau nhc my cm tay ca ng ko di 30 v quay s 31 b n s nghe mt m bo bn, m l mt m thanh gin o n( du---du) . C 2 lo i m bo bn mt l 1 m bo bn tc cao , m bao gm 2 kho ng tn hiu xung ON & OFF bng nhau. m ny bo hiu h thng qu bn. Loi th 2 ca m bo bn l s va chm khi gi DO l bn. m ny bao gm 2 khong xung ON v 1 khong xung OFF. 4> m phn hi t bn trong : Nhc my cm tay ca ng ko di 30 v quay mt ng dy ko di no bt k. Nh s 31, 32 chng h n b n s nghe m chung phn hi m khi c th quan st tn hi u i m TP14 cho ng ko di 30. y l mt m gin on ca 2 m thanh t n s cho mt giy vi 1 hai khong tnh. Bn s nghe tn hiu chung ny cho ti khi cc in thoi ko di tr li. Dng sng ny c hin th trn hnh 5> m chung : 2 loi chung c th nghe c t thi t b i n tho i k t ni vi h thng khi thit b ca bn c gi bng cc thit b khc m chung l mt m ko di vi 1 giy on v 2 giy off d ng song c a tn hiu chung c hin th trong hnh v. Mt tn hi u chung t 1 ng CO s chung nh mt my in thoi thng thng.

DNG SNG CA CC IM O TP1 : 13VOLT TP2 : 24VOLT

28

TP3 : 15VOLT TP4 : 5VOLT TP5 : 100Hz CLOCK

TP6 : 20Hz CLOCK

TP7 : RESET TP8 : 2MHz CLOCK

29

TP9 : 5.0 VOLT TP10 : 7.58 VOLT TP11 : DIAL TONE

TP12 : HOM
30

TP13

RINGBACK

TP14 BUSY

31

TP15 : 5.0 VOLT TP16 : -150 VOLT TP17 : 5.0 VOLT TP18 : 5.0 VOLT TP19 : 5.0 VOLT TP20 : 5.0 VOLT TP21 : 5.0 VOLT TP22 : 5.0 VOLT TP23 : 24 VOLT TP24 : 8.0 VOLT

32

33